CN103758637B - A kind of self balancing high speed free-piston generator - Google Patents

A kind of self balancing high speed free-piston generator Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103758637B
CN103758637B CN201410021166.1A CN201410021166A CN103758637B CN 103758637 B CN103758637 B CN 103758637B CN 201410021166 A CN201410021166 A CN 201410021166A CN 103758637 B CN103758637 B CN 103758637B
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piston
generator
air
casing
secondary level
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CN201410021166.1A
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CN103758637A (en
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左正兴
李延骁
冯慧华
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Beijing Institute of Technology BIT
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Beijing Institute of Technology BIT
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of Energy Project mechanical device, be specifically related to a kind of self balancing high speed free-piston generator, belong to field of energy source power.Mainly comprise: free piston internal combustion engine, flat linear generator, pump device, transmission reversing arrangement, Unidirectional air inlet valve.A kind of self balancing high speed free-piston generator of the present invention, move with generator secondary level synchronous backward because generator is elementary, improve the cutting speed of generator secondary level, cutting speed is 2 times of piston movement speed, adds working efficiency.

Description

A kind of self balancing high speed free-piston generator
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Energy Project mechanical device, be specifically related to a kind of self balancing high speed free-piston generator, belong to field of energy source power.
Background technique
In recent years, it is high that people are being devoted to seek a kind of energy conversion efficiency always, the piston internal-combustion generator that vibration noise is little, wherein, free piston IC linear generating set is a kind of novel energy conversion equipment formed after free piston IC engine and linear electric generator are coupled, free-piston and linear generator secondary level are directly connected by it, form unique moving element---piston assembly.During system cloud gray model, the work done of gas in the jar burning expansion, promotes piston and drives mover to move, then producing electric energy, eventually through shorter bang path, fuel chemical energy is directly converted to electric energy.It has numerous Potential performance advantage, and as mechanical friction loss is few, compact structure volume is little, and energy transferring path is short, and burning and exhausting quality is good.
But due in free-piston generator, piston assembly is unique moving element, piston assembly its inertial force when to-and-fro motion cannot be balanced by other reciprocating mass, thus brings the vibration problem of whole power system.Adopt the structural type of four module parallel combination, the motion by controlling piston assembly in each module makes their inertia wind tunnel cancel out each other, but this method complex structure and synchronization control is difficult, be difficult to realize commercialization.And adopt the form of Dual module parallel connection, need to increase balanced controls or adopt mechanical commutation device could realize inertia wind tunnel to balance, the relative four module of structure is simple simultaneously, but still more complicated than single module.
Secondly, current free-piston generator generally adopts two-stroke formula internal-combustion engine, intake and exhaust adopt similar two stroke scavenging port scavenging way, when operation frequency is lower, because air inflow is few and flow inertance is little, ventilation effect is very poor, in order to thoroughly get rid of the waste gas after burning and fresh air is full of cylinder, often needs on internal-combustion engine, to install the supercharging devices such as scavenging pump to improve suction pressure and air inflow.
In addition, because system adopts free piston internal combustion engine and the direct-coupled mode of linear electric generator, be subject to the restriction of internal-combustion engine technology, the movement velocity of current internal combustion engine is lower, result in linear generator secondary level speed also lower.Average linear velocity secondary in General System is no more than 15m/s, and energy conversion efficiency is not high, can not meet the operating conditions requirement of high-speed straight-line generator, virtually reduce the using scope of internal combustion engine generator.Under the prerequisite of equal-wattage, linear electric generator needs larger volume could meet the requirement of power, therefore due to the restriction of speed, reduces the specific volume power of system.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is in order to when not increasing number of modules with compact structure setting type to eliminate free-piston generator work time produce unbalance inertia force and moment, thus proposing a kind of self balancing high speed free-piston generator, this generator can improve the cutting speed of ventilation quality and generator secondary level further.
The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions.
A kind of self balancing high speed free-piston generator of the present invention, mainly comprises: free piston internal combustion engine, flat linear generator, pump device, transmission reversing arrangement, Unidirectional air inlet valve.
Free piston internal combustion engine comprises: exhaust valve controller, oil sprayer, exhaust valve, cylinder, intake valve, piston, returning spring;
Pump device comprises: plunger, air-casing;
Flat linear generator comprises: generator secondary level, generator are elementary;
Transmission reversing arrangement comprises: strut, tumbler gear, link press span;
Generator secondary level side arrangement has tooth bar; It is elementary that generator secondary level length is greater than generator, ensures that in stroke range, both coupling areas remain unchanged;
Piston is that one end is closed, one end open columnar structured.Closed end is head, and opening end is bottom.
Air-casing is similar square tubular structure, and be upper end near one end of piston, the one end away from piston is end.Cross section is the shape that two straight lines and two camber lines surround, and radius of curvature is equal with piston radius; Air-casing length is greater than the twice of piston stroke, ensures that plunger does not depart from air-casing.
Strut center is furnished with bearing.
Link press span disposed inboard has tooth bar.
Annexation:
Cylinder head center is furnished with oil sprayer, and offer multiple air outlet flue around, exhaust valve is installed on air outlet flue, and piston is arranged on cylinder interior, and when ensureing work, piston is in cylinder interior always.Piston lateral surface and cylinder inside surface are formed by piston ring and are sealed and matched.The space that cylinder inside surface surrounds with piston crown surface is firing chamber.
Piston crown offers multiple intake duct, each intake duct is provided with intake valve, between intake valve and piston, returning spring is housed.
Piston is coaxial with air-casing, piston base and air-casing upper end are rigidly connected, and because piston is columnar structured, air-casing is similar square tubular structure, so two parts can produce two open areas after connecting on junction plane, these two open areas are furnished with Unidirectional air inlet valve.
Link press span two ends are rigidly connected with two air-casing end arcuate portion respectively; Two generators is elementary to be rigidly connected with two air-casing end straight sectioies respectively;
Be furnished with generator secondary level between two generators is elementary, generator secondary level two ends are rigidly connected with two plungers respectively; Plunger and air-casing inner surface form slipper seal and coordinate; Generator is elementary in the axial direction can relative movement with generator secondary level, ensures that plunger is not elementary with generator and contact and do not depart from air-casing during motion; Inside piston, Unidirectional air inlet valve, air-casing and plunger besieged city space become pumping chamber.
Each strut two ends are fixedly connected with two cylinders.Tumbler gear is arranged on the bearing in the middle of strut, and relative to strut, the position of tumbler gear can not be moved, but himself can rotate.Tooth bar inside link press span is meshed with tumbler gear; Tumbler gear is also meshed with the tooth bar on generator secondary level simultaneously.
Working procedure:
During system works, because link press span, air-casing, generator are elementary and piston is fixed together, and link press span and generator secondary level mesh together by tumbler gear simultaneously, so the motion of piston and the motion of generator secondary level are synchronous backwards.When piston driving generator elementary from left side stop to the right stop motion time, generator secondary level from right side stop to the left stop motion, cutting magnetic line, produce electric energy.
In this process, for left side internal-combustion engine part, the pressure of explosion that the oil inflame of cylinder inner high voltage produces promotes piston and moves right, the volume of firing chamber constantly increases, and the volume of pumping chamber constantly reduces, in this process, Unidirectional air inlet valve is in closed condition, in pumping chamber, gas is compressed, and pressure raises.Piston movement to close to lower dead center (due to the stop up and down that free piston internal combustion engine is not determined, this stop refers to theoretical stop, the stop hereafter related to all refers to theoretic dead-centre position) time, exhaust valve controller 1 controls exhaust valve and opens, waste gas is discharged, and internal pressure of combustion chamber declines rapidly.After this, in the process that piston moves right, plunger moves left and contacts with intake valve, and overcome returning spring elastic force and promote intake valve to left movement, intake valve is opened, and the pressurized gas in pumping chamber are pressed into firing chamber, starts ventilation.After ventilation completes substantially, exhaust valve closing.When plunger returns to the right, intake valve is closed under the effect of returning spring.
For right side internal-combustion engine part, piston is moved to top dead center by lower dead center, compression and combustion indoor fresh air, the volume of firing chamber constantly reduces, and the volume of pumping chamber constantly increases, in this process, the exhaust valve on exhaust valve controller control cylinder keeps closed condition, and intake valve is also in the state of closedown under the effect of returning spring.Burning gas pressure inside constantly raises, at piston movement to the pressure that can reach during top dead center position required for explosive combustion.Meanwhile, because pumping chamber's volume constantly increases, its internal gas pressure declines, and lower than atmospheric pressure, Unidirectional air inlet valve is opened, and fresh air is inhaled into pumping chamber.Enough fresh air deposits are had in pumping chamber when piston arrives top dead center.
This process ends, and sprays into fuel oil in right cylinder, produces pressure of explosion, promotes piston from the stop motion to the left of right side stop, enters next circulation.
In whole process, generator is elementary is synchronous backward with the motion of generator secondary level always.On the one hand, the relative velocity between the elementary and generator secondary level of generator is the twice of piston movement speed, improves the cutting speed of generator secondary level, adds working efficiency.On the other hand, the stroke of plunger in air-casing is the twice of the stroke of piston in cylinder, can optimize air inflow and suction pressure, realize good ventilation by appropriate design air-casing sectional shape.Aspect is also had to be exactly quality by matched motion part, the gross mass making piston, air-casing, link press span and generator elementary is equal with the gross mass of generator secondary level and plunger, movement parts inertial force in the axial direction in system can be made to cancel out each other, system natural equilibrium.
Beneficial effect
1, a kind of self balancing high speed free-piston generator of the present invention, because generator secondary level and the reversing motion of generator primary sync, improve the cutting speed of generator secondary level, add working efficiency, the cutting speed of generator secondary level is 2 times of piston movement speed.
2, a kind of self balancing high speed free-piston generator of the present invention, achieve by tumbler gear the moving parts synchronous backward that the elementary moving parts that is connected of generator and generator secondary level be connected to move, two groups of moving parts inertial force is axially balanced each other, under the structural type of single module, solve the vibration problem of system, and there is not synchronization control problem.
3, a kind of self balancing high speed free-piston generator of the present invention, the stroke of generator secondary level in air-casing is the twice of the stroke of piston in cylinder, can optimize air inflow and suction pressure, realize good ventilation by appropriate design air-casing sectional shape; And do not need to configure other pump devices in addition, make total compacter.
4, a kind of self balancing high speed free-piston generator of the present invention, adopt nested structural type between pump device with linear electric generator, eliminate the guide element of linear electric motor, achieve Integrated design, compact structure, rigidity is large.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is side direction planing surface figure when right hand piston is positioned at top dead center position in a kind of self balancing high speed free-piston generator working procedure of the present invention;
Fig. 2 overlooks planing surface figure when right hand piston is positioned at top dead center position in a kind of self balancing high speed free-piston generator working procedure of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the three-dimensional arrangement schematic diagram of piston, Unidirectional air inlet valve and air-casing.
Wherein, 1-exhaust valve controller, 2-oil sprayer, 3-exhaust valve, 4-cylinder, 5-intake valve, 6-piston, 7-returning spring, 8-plunger, 9-air-casing.10-Unidirectional air inlet valve, 11-generator secondary level, 12-generator are elementary, 13-strut, 14-tumbler gear, 15-link press span.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, the present invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
A kind of self balancing high speed free-piston generator of the present invention, mainly comprises: free piston internal combustion engine, flat linear generator, pump device, transmission reversing arrangement, Unidirectional air inlet valve 10.
Free piston internal combustion engine comprises: exhaust valve controller 1, oil sprayer 2, exhaust valve 3, cylinder 4, intake valve 5, piston 6, returning spring 7;
Pump device comprises: plunger 8, air-casing 9
Flat linear generator comprises: generator secondary level 11, generator elementary 12;
Transmission reversing arrangement comprises: strut 13, tumbler gear 14, link press span 15;
Generator secondary level 11 side arrangement has tooth bar; Generator secondary level 11 length is greater than generator elementary 12, ensures that in stroke range, both coupling areas remain unchanged;
Piston 6 for closing one end, one end open columnar structured.Closed end is head, and opening end is bottom.
Air-casing 9 is similar square tubular structure, and be upper end near one end of piston 6, the one end away from piston 6 is end.Cross section is the shape that two straight lines and two camber lines surround, and radius of curvature is equal with piston 6 radius; Air-casing 9 length is greater than the twice of piston 6 stroke, ensures that plunger 8 does not depart from air-casing 9.
Strut 13 center is furnished with bearing.
Link press span 15 disposed inboard has tooth bar.
Annexation:
Cylinder 4 top center place is furnished with oil sprayer 2, and offer multiple air outlet flue around, exhaust valve 3 is installed on air outlet flue, and it is inner that piston 6 is arranged on cylinder 4, and when ensureing work, piston 6 is in cylinder 4 inside always.Piston 6 lateral surface and cylinder 4 inner surface are formed by piston ring and are sealed and matched.The space that cylinder 4 inner surface and piston 6 head surface surround is firing chamber.
Piston 6 head offers multiple intake duct, each intake duct is provided with intake valve 5, and returning spring 7 is housed between intake valve 5 and piston 6.
Piston 6 is coaxial with air-casing 9, be rigidly connected with air-casing 9 upper end bottom piston 6, because piston is columnar structured, air-casing is similar square tubular structure, so two parts can produce two open areas after connecting on junction plane, these two open areas are furnished with Unidirectional air inlet valve 10.
Link press span 15 two ends are rigidly connected with two air-casing 9 end arcuate portion respectively; Two generators elementary 12 is rigidly connected with two air-casing 9 end straight sectioies respectively;
Be furnished with generator secondary level 11 between two generators elementary 12, generator secondary level 11 two ends are rigidly connected with two plungers 8 respectively; Plunger 8 forms slipper seal with air-casing 9 inner surface and coordinates; Generator elementary 12 and generator secondary level 11 in the axial direction can relative movement, ensure that plunger 8 is not elementary with generator and contact and do not depart from air-casing 9 during motion; Inside piston 6, Unidirectional air inlet valve 10, air-casing 9 and plunger 8 besieged city space become pumping chamber.
Each strut 13 two ends are fixedly connected with two cylinders 4.Tumbler gear 14 is arranged on the bearing in the middle of strut 13, and relative to strut 13, the position of tumbler gear 14 can not be moved, but himself can rotate.Tooth bar inside link press span 15 is meshed with tumbler gear 14; Tumbler gear 14 is also meshed with the tooth bar on generator secondary level 11 simultaneously.
Working procedure:
During system works, because link press span 15, air-casing 9, generator elementary 12 and piston 6 are fixed together, and link press span 15 and generator secondary level 11 mesh together, so the motion of the motion of piston 6 and generator secondary level 11 is synchronous backwards by tumbler gear 14 simultaneously.When from left side stop, stop moves piston 6 drive electrical generators elementary 12 to the right, generator secondary level 11 is from the stop motion to the left of right side stop, and cutting magnetic line, produces electric energy.
In this process, for left side internal-combustion engine part, the pressure of explosion that the oil inflame of cylinder 4 inner high voltage produces promotes piston 6 and moves right, the volume of firing chamber constantly increases, and the volume of pumping chamber constantly reduces, in this process, Unidirectional air inlet valve 10 is in closed condition, in pumping chamber, gas is compressed, and pressure raises.Piston 6 moves to close to lower dead center (due to the stop up and down that free piston internal combustion engine is not determined, this stop refers to theoretical stop, the stop hereafter related to all refers to theoretic dead-centre position) time, exhaust valve controller 1 controls exhaust valve 3 and opens, waste gas is discharged, and internal pressure of combustion chamber declines rapidly.After this, in the process that piston 6 moves right, plunger 8 contacts to left movement with intake valve 5, and overcome returning spring 7 elastic force and promote intake valve 5 to left movement, intake valve 5 is opened, and the pressurized gas in pumping chamber are pressed into firing chamber, starts ventilation.After ventilation completes substantially, exhaust valve 3 cuts out.When plunger 8 returns to the right, intake valve 5 is closed under the effect of returning spring 7.
For right side internal-combustion engine part, piston 6 is moved to top dead center by lower dead center, compression and combustion indoor fresh air, the volume of firing chamber constantly reduces, and the volume of pumping chamber constantly increases, in this process, the exhaust valve 3 on exhaust valve controller 1 control cylinder 4 keeps closed condition, and intake valve 5 is also in the state of closedown under the effect of returning spring 7.Burning gas pressure inside constantly raises, and can reach the pressure required for explosive combustion when piston 6 moves to top dead center position.Meanwhile, because pumping chamber's volume constantly increases, its internal gas pressure declines, and lower than atmospheric pressure, Unidirectional air inlet valve 10 is opened, and fresh air is inhaled into pumping chamber.Enough fresh air deposits are had in pumping chamber when piston 6 arrives top dead center.
This process ends, and sprays into fuel oil in right cylinder 4, produces pressure of explosion, promotes piston 6 from the stop motion to the left of right side stop, enters next circulation.
In whole process, generator elementary 12 is synchronous backward with the motion of generator secondary level 11 always.On the one hand, the relative velocity between generator elementary 12 and generator secondary level 11 is the twice of piston 6 movement velocity, improves the cutting speed of generator secondary level 11, adds working efficiency.On the other hand, the stroke of plunger 8 in air-casing 9 is the twice of the stroke of piston 6 in cylinder 4, can optimize air inflow and suction pressure, realize good ventilation by appropriate design air-casing 9 sectional shape.Aspect is also had to be exactly quality by matched motion part, make the gross mass of piston 6, air-casing 9, link press span 15 and generator elementary 12 equal with the gross mass of generator secondary level 11 and plunger 8, movement parts inertial force in the axial direction in system can be made to cancel out each other, system natural equilibrium.

Claims (5)

1. a self balancing high speed free-piston generator, is characterized in that: mainly comprise: free piston internal combustion engine, flat linear generator, pump device, transmission reversing arrangement, Unidirectional air inlet valve (10);
Free piston internal combustion engine comprises: exhaust valve controller (1), oil sprayer (2), exhaust valve (3), cylinder (4), intake valve (5), piston (6), returning spring (7);
Pump device comprises: plunger (8), air-casing (9)
Flat linear generator comprises: generator secondary level (11), generator elementary (12);
Transmission reversing arrangement comprises: strut (13), tumbler gear (14), link press span (15);
Cylinder (4) top center place is furnished with oil sprayer (2), offer multiple air outlet flue around, exhaust valve (3) is installed on air outlet flue, it is inner that piston (6) is arranged on cylinder (4), and when ensureing work, piston (6) is in cylinder (4) inside always; Piston (6) lateral surface and cylinder (4) inner surface are formed by piston ring and are sealed and matched; The space that cylinder (4) inner surface and piston (6) head surface surround is firing chamber;
Piston (6) head offers multiple intake duct, each intake duct is provided with intake valve (5), and returning spring (7) is housed between intake valve (5) and piston (6);
Piston (6) is coaxial with air-casing (9), piston (6) bottom is rigidly connected with air-casing (9) upper end, because piston is columnar structured, air-casing is similar square tubular structure, so two parts can produce two open areas after connecting on junction plane, these two open areas are furnished with Unidirectional air inlet valve (10);
Link press span (15) two ends are rigidly connected with two air-casings (9) end arcuate portion respectively; Two generators elementary (12) is rigidly connected with two air-casings (9) end straight section respectively;
Two generators is furnished with generator secondary level (11) between elementary (12), and generator secondary level (11) two ends are rigidly connected with two plungers (8) respectively; Plunger (8) forms slipper seal with air-casing (9) inner surface and coordinates; Generator elementary (12) and generator secondary level (11) in the axial direction can relative movement, ensure that plunger (8) is not elementary with generator and contacts and does not depart from air-casing (9) during motion; The space encircled a city in piston (6) inner side, Unidirectional air inlet valve (10), air-casing (9) and plunger (8) becomes pumping chamber;
Each strut (13) two ends are fixedly connected with two cylinders (4); Tumbler gear (14) is arranged on the bearing in the middle of strut (13), and relative to strut (13), the position of tumbler gear (14) can not be moved, but himself can rotate; The tooth bar of link press span (15) inner side is meshed with tumbler gear (14); Tumbler gear (14) is also meshed with the tooth bar on generator secondary level (11) simultaneously.
2. a kind of self balancing high speed free-piston generator as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described generator secondary level (11) side arrangement has tooth bar; Generator secondary level (11) length is greater than generator elementary (12), ensures that in stroke range, both coupling areas remain unchanged.
3. a kind of self balancing high speed free-piston generator as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described piston (6) for closing one end, one end open columnar structured; Closed end is head, and opening end is bottom.
4. a kind of self balancing high speed free-piston generator as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described air-casing (9) is similar square tubular structure, one end of close piston (6) is upper end, and the one end away from piston (6) is end; Cross section is the shape that two straight lines and two camber lines surround, and radius of curvature is equal with piston (6) radius; Air-casing (9) length is greater than the twice of piston (6) stroke, ensures that plunger (8) does not depart from air-casing (9).
5. a kind of self balancing high speed free-piston generator as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described strut (13) center is furnished with bearing.
CN201410021166.1A 2013-12-21 2014-01-16 A kind of self balancing high speed free-piston generator Expired - Fee Related CN103758637B (en)

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CN104912770B (en) * 2015-06-12 2017-01-25 国网四川省电力公司绵阳供电公司 Synchronous movement realization based free-piston compressor
CN106003182B (en) * 2016-05-25 2018-11-27 广西田阳至恒门业有限公司 Plate cutting equipment and its feed device
CN109736945A (en) * 2019-01-16 2019-05-10 西华大学 A kind of opposed pistons three-stroke internal combustion linear generating unit
CN110529245B (en) * 2019-09-20 2021-05-18 山东休普动力科技股份有限公司 Single-cylinder opposed double-piston type free piston linear generator
CN111852649A (en) * 2020-07-30 2020-10-30 山东交通学院 Two-stroke Atkinson cycle free piston internal combustion generator
CN111852650A (en) * 2020-07-30 2020-10-30 山东交通学院 Two-stroke free piston internal combustion generator with high expansion ratio

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