CN105156211B - A kind of electronic control system for small-sized single cylinder four-stroke gasoline engine - Google Patents

A kind of electronic control system for small-sized single cylinder four-stroke gasoline engine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105156211B
CN105156211B CN201510628704.8A CN201510628704A CN105156211B CN 105156211 B CN105156211 B CN 105156211B CN 201510628704 A CN201510628704 A CN 201510628704A CN 105156211 B CN105156211 B CN 105156211B
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sensor
circuit
electronic control
engine
control system
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CN105156211A (en
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李捷辉
毛功平
丁乐盛
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Jiangsu University
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Jiangsu University
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of electronic control system for small-sized single cylinder four-stroke gasoline engine, the master chip of electronic control unit is used as using MC9S12P128 chips, using MC33812 chips as fuel injector, the driving chip of igniter and the main actuator of three, relay, the sensor element of selection includes organism temperature sensor, intake air temperature sensor, air inlet pressure sensor, TPS, Hall type crankshaft position sensor, and monitoring and the calibrating function of liquid crystal type touch-screen are realized in the way of CAN communication.This set electronic control system can accurately control distributive value and ignition advance angle under each operating mode, and be accompanied with self-diagnostic function, so as to improve the dynamic property of engine, economy and emission performance, meet the emission regulation demands of higher order section.

Description

A kind of electronic control system for small-sized single cylinder four-stroke gasoline engine
Technical field
It is particularly a kind of for small-sized single cylinder four-stroke gasoline engine the present invention relates to engine electronic control system field Electronic control system.
Technical background
The features such as miniature gasoline engine is due to small volume, compact conformation, high rotating speed, is widely used in agricultural fog machine Tool, graden machine, small farm machine, generating set, building machinery, outboard machinery etc..In view of the production and marketing of China's miniature gasoline engine Amount is huge, is increasingly taken seriously the problems such as its energy resource consumption, exhaust emission, while the Abgasgesetz in order to meet higher order section It is required that, exploitation is equipped with the vital task that the electronic control system with more high control precision is industry.Using electron controls technology, Ignition advance angle, distributive value control, air-fuel ratio of each operating mode etc. can be made to reach optimum value, and then make engine in different operating modes Under be operated in optimum state, make the lifting of the fuel consumption and discharge performance of engine.The Patents side that the country has applied Face, the electronic fuel injection control system of small gasoline engine (application publication number for having Shandong Technology Univ: CN201110184060.X), a kind of rotation speed of general-type gasoline engine control method of Wuxi Wishtar Electronics Technology Co., Ltd. and System (application publication number:CN201010260973.0).Although these patents are also the control system for miniature gasoline engine, but It is the presence of the problem of complicated, cost is higher.
The content of the invention
According to the deficiency of existing carburetor type miniature gasoline engine, the problem to be solved in the present invention is:Worked according to engine Principle, replaces carburetor with electronic control unit.
The technical scheme is that:Using Freescale MC9S12P128 as Master control chip, with reference to control single cylinder engine spray Oil drop fire special chip MC33812, designs control unit of engine hardware circuit;Served as theme with the time and write control strategy, wrapped Include user management, engine management, data management etc..A whole set of small gasoline electronic control system is provided, sensor includes Hall-effect speed sensor (crankshaft position sensor), organism temperature sensor, intake air temperature sensor, admission pressure sensing Device, TPS, actuator include inductance type ignitor, electromagnetic injector, small fuel oil pump, indicator lamp etc., Lcd touch type display screen is provided as monitoring, calibration tool.
Engine electric-controlled system is for core, using the sensor acquisition installed in different parts with control unit (ECU) With the information of engine running condition and environmental correclation, by the processing of ECU internal processes, calculate and amendment, obtain actuator Control parameter, and then control actuator make corresponding action.Judge engine using crank position and air- distributor pressure Compression top center, is modified using organism temperature sensor, intake air temperature sensor to distributive value, carries out distributive value and igniting The accurate control of advance angle, so as to improve the dynamic property of miniature gasoline engine, economy and emission performance, meets the discharge of higher order section Laws and regulations requirement, and it is accompanied with self-diagnostic function.
The small gasoline electronic control system of the present invention is had an advantageous effect in that:
(1) a whole set of small gasoline electronic control system is provided, sensor includes organism temperature sensor, intake air temperature Sensor, air inlet pressure sensor, TPS and Hall type crankshaft position sensor, actuator include inductance type Igniter, electromagnetic injector, small fuel oil pump, indicator lamp etc. are used as monitoring, demarcation work there is provided lcd touch type display screen Tool, and self-diagnostic function is accompanied with, the distributive value and ignition advance angle under each operating mode can be accurately controlled, is started so as to improve Dynamic property, economy and the emission performance of machine, meet the emission regulation demands of higher order section.
(2) Hall type crankshaft position sensor is used, coordinates the signal panels of 11 teeth, the tooth edge signal of signal panels is obtained, And be combined by the time difference of the edge signal with the anglec of rotation, calculate engine speed;Using air inlet pressure sensor with The mode that crankshaft position sensor is engaged, judges the stroke of engine, after bent axle reaches top dead center position, and continuous 3 Boost pressure signal is in decrement states, then may determine that engine is in induction stroke.
(3) monitored as engine using lcd touch type display screen, calibration tool, and can monitor fault message, With advantage easy to carry, easy to operate.
Relevant information needed for engine operation is obtained by sensor, and by the calculating of control unit internal processes, Most suitable fuel injection pulsewidth and ignition advance angle under each operating mode are obtained, the stability of engine operation is improved, reduction fuel oil disappears Consumption, reduction exhaust emission.
The present invention can not only improve the overall performance of small-sized single cylinder gasoline engine, and can be applied to multi-cylinder gasoline On machine.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of this set small gasoline electronic control system;
Fig. 2 is system architecture diagram;
Fig. 3 is the hardware block diagram of ECU;
Fig. 4 is the connection electrical schematic diagram of MC33812 and master chip.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete Site preparation is described.
As shown in figure 1, system is using the small-sized carburetor gasoline engine of 168F types as object, the Electronic Control of complete set is developed System.Using miniature gasoline engine as hardware foundation, electronic control unit connects all sensor and actuators, fuel tank, oil pump, filter Clear device, oil inlet pipe, fuel pressure regulator, oil return pipe, fuel injector have collectively constituted the fuel circuit of engine.Vapour in fuel tank Oil is delivered to fuel injector position after being filtered by fuel pump through petroleum pipeline and through cleaner, and fuel pressure regulator can be controlled Oily overpressure is 0.25MPa, and when hypertonia then by oil return pipe pressure release, unnecessary gasoline returns to fuel tank.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, organism temperature sensor and intake air temperature sensor obtain organism temperature and intake air temperature letter Number, for being modified to fuel injection pulsewidth;Throttle position signal and tach signal constitute two-dimentional arteries and veins spectrum (MAP) figure, based on Calculate fuel injection pulsewidth and ignition advance angle;Air inlet pressure sensor is engaged with crankshaft-position signal, for judging engine strokes; Speed probe obtains the fluted disc signal of 11 teeth, for calculating rotating speed.11 teeth are had on toothed disc in system, every 30 ° For a tooth, wherein there is 1 tooth to be vacancy, the hypodontia is used as judging the top dead center position of engine, and the fluted disc of installation is in hypodontia The 7th tooth after judging as engine tope center position.
The hall-effect speed sensor is installed at engine signal fluted disc, TPS, admission pressure Sensor, intake air temperature sensor are installed on throttle body, and organism temperature sensor is installed on engine body, to upload Sensor gathers all physical quantitys related to engine, signal is passed into control unit ECU by wire harness, by internal processes After calculating, the operation of control engine is realized in the work of control fuel injector and igniter.When system has failure, it can light Malfunction indicator lamp is to point out the presence of failure.
The organism temperature sensor is negative tempperature coefficient thermistor formula sensor with intake air temperature sensor, for obtaining Temperature signal is taken, oil spout is modified under cold start-up and normal operating condition.
The air inlet pressure sensor is used to detect the gas pressure in inlet manifold.System is using medium measurement accuracy Piezoresistive pressure sensor, reason is the parameter that admission pressure is intended only as judging specific stroke and fuel delivery amendment, medium essence Its error range of the pressure sensor of degree is ± 1%, disclosure satisfy that use requirement.Because this set system is not provided with cam axle position Put sensor, it is therefore desirable to which air inlet pressure sensor coordinates Hall type crankshaft position sensor, and induction stroke is judged jointly.
It is slide rheostat inside the throttle position, is installed on air throttle, for obtaining opening for current throttle Open angle, the control of reflection present engine load situation and operator are intended to, electronic control unit will according to current rotating speed and Throttle opening looks into arteries and veins spectrogram and obtains data currently related with ignition system to oil spout.
Hall-type crank position (rotating speed) sensor is installed on signal fluted disc edge, gathers the tooth signal of signal panels, Because the output signal frequency of sensor is directly proportional to engine speed, therefore the rotating speed of engine can be calculated.
System uses electromagnetic injector, i.e., the break-make of oil feed line is adjusted by controlling magnetic valve to open and close.Spray Oily process relies primarily on the injection and cut-off of the mobile completion fuel oil of main shaft, in the metering-orifice sectional area and charge oil pressure one of fuel injector In the case of fixed, how many of distributive value relevant with the conduction time length of fuel injector, i.e., in pipeline, flow, flow velocity are protected Hold constant, conduction time is longer, fuel delivery is more, the amount of fuel sprayed into cylinder is more, and this system is by how many turns of distributive value Turn to the size of fuel injection pulsewidth.When the timing of oil pressure and spray orifice sectional area one for entering fuel injector, the size of distributive value and oil spout There is relation the conduction time of device, as long as therefore system by controlling fuel injection pulsewidth with regard to the size of distributive value can be controlled.
The main ignition operation that engine is completed by igniter, ignition coil and spark plug of miniature gasoline engine ignition system, Ignition process is ECU (Electronic Control Unit) according to the engine condition of each sensor response, it is determined that igniting Moment and igniting duration angle, and then export ignition signal.Igniter carries out charge and discharge process while receiving ignition signal, lights a fire In device charge and discharge process, make ignition coil primary and secondary it is coil-induced go out voltage higher than more than 20,000 volts, the voltage acts on Spark plug makes it complete ignition process.
System ECU output voltage is Transistor-Transistor Logic level, and its output current and voltage are all relatively low, it is impossible to drive high current, high electricity The element of pressure, it is therefore desirable to high voltage, high current are controlled using electromagnetic relay.The relay uses low side type of drive work Make, the actuator for needing to use relay RERAY to control in system includes fuel injector, fuel pump, alarm lamp, heater etc..
The effect of fuel pump is that fuel oil suctioned out from fuel tank, fuel feed pump is transported to after pressurization, in general control System intermediate fuel oil pump and fuel pressure regulator processed, which coordinate, sets up stable fuel pressure, and the supply voltage of fuel pump is 12V.
The effect of cleaner is to filter the impurity in gasoline, it is ensured that into the pure of the gasoline in the oil pipe being connected with fuel injector Cleanliness.
The effect of fuel pressure regulator is that the fuel-injection pressure for controlling miniature gasoline engine maintains 0.25MPa or so, Pass through oil return pipe pressure release when hypertonia.
The effect of malfunction indicator lamp is to indicate that current system whether there is failure, when there are failures malfunction indicator lamp point Bright, otherwise malfunction indicator lamp is extinguished.
As shown in Fig. 2 the parameter information of the sensor collection engine of the system sends into the process circuit of control unit, place The input pin that circuit connects master chip is managed, the output pin of master chip is connected with MC33812 chips, MC33812 output Pin is connected with actuator, to control the work of actuator, control the operation of engine;The communication interface of master chip also with communication System is interconnected in real time.
The base components of signal are obtained as control system, sensor obtains all electricity related to engine, physics Amount, by signal processing circuit, is converted to the voltage signal that control unit can be read, by control unit by physical signalling Main program calculating, obtain the Optimum spark advance angle under different operating modes, pass through MC33812 master chips drive actuator work Make, communicated between ECU master chip and external touch screen by CAN, realize monitoring, calibrating function.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the master chip of control unit is that the circuit in MC9S12P128, control unit is mainly place Manage circuit, output control and communication interface, wherein, process circuit be sensor signal filter circuit, the reset of power supply, conversion, The fault feedback circuit of supervisory circuit and actuator;Output control circuit is power driving circuit and low-side driver circuitry;It is logical Communication interface circuit is then used to be communicated with external touch type liquid crystal display.Wherein Sensor section includes:Organism temperature is passed Sensor, intake air temperature sensor, air inlet pressure sensor, TPS, Hall type crankshaft position sensor.Perform Self-diagnostic function built in device driving chip MC33812, when actuator breaks down, then feeds back to master in the form of logic high Chip.
This set system by lcd touch type display screen develop calibration software, between touch-screen and electronic control unit with The mode of CAN realizes communication, and is used as observation interface, display engine operating parameter and fault message.System operation In, when a failure occurs, alarm lamp will be lighted to show fault state.
The main working process of this set electric-control system is as described below:
The master chip of 1.ECU ECUs is MC9S12P128, passes through reset circuit, power-switching circuit and Power Supply Monitoring Circuit, by the power supply supply ECU work of 12V voltages, and ensures the safety and stability of power supply, prevents spread of voltage Damage is caused to the hardware of ECU ECUs;
2. after ECU ECUs work on power, each sensor includes hall-effect speed sensor, and (crank position is passed Sensor), organism temperature sensor, intake air temperature sensor, that air inlet pressure sensor, TPS start collection is each Item physical signalling, the place that the physical quantity required for control program is passed through filter circuit by these sensors with fixed frequency acquisition Reason, is transferred to master chip MC9S12P128, wherein:(1) hall-effect speed sensor (crankshaft position sensor) is used for gathering 11 The tooth edge signal of fluted disc, the signal can be used for judging edentulous site and calculate rotating speed;(2) organism temperature sensor is used to adopt Collect organism temperature, for being modified to distributive value;(3) intake air temperature sensor is used for the gas temperature for gathering air inlet, uses It is modified in distributive value;(4) air inlet pressure sensor is used to gather the admission pressure in inlet manifold, due to this set system In eliminate CMPS Camshaft Position Sensor for judging engine phase position, therefore can be passed using the signal with Hall-type rotating speed Sensor signal cooperates with the air inlet phase for judging engine, after hypodontia success is judged, can calculate the top dead centre position of engine Put, program enters synchronous regime, when three boost pressure signals that continuous acquisition is arrived are decrement states, then may determine that the stroke For engine induction stroke;(5) TPS is installed on throttle body, for judging engine operator's Operation is intended to and engine load conditions.
3. after control main program obtains the signal of sensor, calculate and table look-up by internal program, can drive and hold Row device is to control the operation of engine.Actuator mainly includes ignition system, electromagnetic injector, small fuel oil pump, failure and referred to Show lamp, wherein:(1) ignition system includes igniter, ignition coil and spark plug, and inductance type ignitor is used for engine spark Row discharge igniting is filled in, is driven by MC33812 power driving circuit;(2) electromagnetic injector is used to control oil spout Moment and distributive value, are driven by MC33812 low-side driver circuitry;(3) small fuel oil pump is used to draw gasoline simultaneously from fuel tank So that gasoline produces certain pressure, it is operated by the disconnection that is pulled on of relay;(4) malfunction indicator lamp is used to indicate event The presence of barrier, when system breaks down, indicating fault lantern festival is lit, and is driven by MC33812 low-side driver circuitry; (5) relay is used to control outside big voltage, the parts work of high current, is driven by MC33812 low-side driver circuitry; (6) when actuator breaks down, then fault-signal can be fed back to by master chip by MC33812 backfeed loop.
4. while the work of control system, the communication system that the system is provided is lcd touch type display screen, this is touched The demarcation to the monitoring, oil spout, ignition parameter of engine condition can be realized by communication interface circuit by touching screen, touch-screen with Realize communication between electronic control unit in the way of CAN, and as observation interface, display engine operating parameter and Fault message.
5. while engine works, communication system needs constantly to monitor the running status of engine, communication system bag Containing host computer and slave computer two large divisions:Upper computer module is integrated in liquid crystal type touch-screen, includes calibration interface, data management With Communication Control function, configuration file is read by data management module, initializing set is carried out, engine monitoring, ginseng is realized Number demarcation, data management, Control on Communication, the function of showing fault diagnosis result;Slave computer Module-embedding is control unit ECU's In main program, comprising application program, CAN drivings and CCP protocol integrated test systems, program by code and data respectively from PFlash and DFlash is copied in RAM and run, and gathers the sensor signal after hardware and software is adjusted in real time;Host computer is to bottom Machine sends control command, and slave computer is communicated by CAN between the two to host computer send feedback information.
As shown in figure 4, MC33812 chips are used for the actuator of driving control system, RIN, IGNIN, INJIN are relay Device, igniter, the master chip signal input pin of fuel injector, ROUT, IGNOUTH, IGNOUTL, IJNOUT are MC33812 chips Drive signal output pin, RELFLT, IGNFLT, INJFLT be failure feedback pin.Master chip MCU and MC33812 chips It is connected, MC33812 is used to be driven actuator and returns to self-diagnosis of trouble break signal to master chip.Wherein, with master chip The RIN being connected is relay drive signal input pin, and master chip inputs control signal to RIN pins, corresponding to be ROUT pins, the pin is that actuator low side drives pin, when master chip to RIN pins exports high level signal, then ROUT quilts Low level is set to, so that relay control circuit is switched on, relay adhesive work;The INJIN being connected with master chip is spray Oily device drive signal input pin, master chip is to INJIN pin output control signals, and corresponding is INJOUT pins, should Pin be fuel injector low side drive pin, when master chip to INJIN pins export high level signal, then INJOUT be set to low electricity It is flat, so that fuel injector control loop is switched on, fuel injector work;The IGNIN being connected with master chip is ignition signal input Pin, IGNOUTH, IGNOUTL are igniter power output pin, because system controls outside crystalline substance by the way of low side driving Body pipe, so the opening and closing of power tube are controlled using IGNOUTL ends, the collection of power tube when IGNFB ends are used to detect igniting Electrode-feedback voltage, selects 47k Ω and 5.1k Ω two resistance to carry out partial pressure, realizes the real-time prison of voltage respectively in design Survey;RELFLT, IGNFLT, INJFLT are failure feedback pin, when relay, fuel injector, igniter break down, the pin High level can be set to, until failure is excluded;LAMPIN is malfunction indicator lamp drive signal input pin, corresponding LAMOUT is that malfunction indicator lamp low side drives pin, and when LAMPIN pins, for high potential, then LAMOUT is set to low level, then event Hinder pilot lamp loop to connect, malfunction indicator lamp is lit;IGNSUP is ignition installation energization pins;VBAT is power supply.
In the description of the invention, it is necessary to illustrate, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " phase Even ", " connection " should be interpreted broadly, for example, it may be being fixedly connected or being detachably connected, or be integrally connected;Can To be mechanical connection or electrical connection;Can be joined directly together, can also be indirectly connected to by intermediary, Ke Yishi The connection of two element internals.For the ordinary skill in the art, with concrete condition above-mentioned term can be understood at this Concrete meaning in invention.
Above to a kind of electronic control system for small-sized single cylinder four-stroke gasoline engine provided by the present invention simultaneously This is described in detail, specific case is applied herein the principle and embodiment of the present invention is set forth, Illustrate, the foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not intended to limit the invention.All essences in the present invention Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within refreshing and principle etc., should be included in the scope of the protection.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of electronic control system for small-sized single cylinder four-stroke gasoline engine, it is characterised in that:Including control unit, Sensor, communication system and actuator;Described control unit is connected with sensor, communication system with actuator respectively;
Described control unit includes master chip, filter circuit, communication interface circuit, power driving circuit, low-side driver circuitry, anti- Current feed circuit, power supply supervisory circuit, power-switching circuit and reset circuit;
The master chip respectively with filter circuit, communication interface circuit, power driving circuit, low-side driver circuitry, feedback circuit, Power supply supervisory circuit, power-switching circuit are connected with reset circuit;The filter circuit is connected with sensor, and the communication connects Mouth circuit is connected with communication system, and the power driving circuit, low-side driver circuitry, feedback circuit are connected with actuator respectively;
The sensor includes hall-effect speed sensor, organism temperature sensor, intake air temperature sensor, throttle position and passed Sensor and air inlet pressure sensor;On the one hand the hall-effect speed sensor is combined for sentencing with the air inlet pressure sensor Disconnected engine compresses top dead centre, on the other hand using hall-effect speed sensor, coordinates the signal panels of 11 teeth, obtains signal panels Tooth edge signal, and be combined by the time difference of the edge signal with the anglec of rotation, calculate engine speed;The body temperature Degree sensor and the intake air temperature sensor are used to obtain temperature signal;The TPS is used to obtain current The opening angle of air throttle;The air inlet pressure sensor is used to detect the gas pressure in inlet manifold, and described in cooperation suddenly That formula speed probe, judges induction stroke jointly;
The actuator includes ignition system, electromagnetic injector, fuel pump, malfunction indicator lamp;The ignition system includes point Firearm, ignition coil and spark plug, the ignition operation for completing engine;The electromagnetic injector is by controlling magnetic valve Open and close the break-make of regulation oil feed line;The fuel pump and fuel pressure regulator coordinate, and set up stable fuel oil pressure Power;The effect of the malfunction indicator lamp is to indicate that current system whether there is failure;
The communication system includes host computer and slave computer two large divisions, and upper computer module is integrated in touch-screen, the touch-screen By communication interface circuit, the demarcation of the monitoring, oil spout, ignition parameter to engine condition, touch-screen and Electronic Control are realized Communication is realized between unit in the way of CAN, and is used as observation interface, display engine operating parameter and failure letter Breath.
2. a kind of electronic control system for small-sized single cylinder four-stroke gasoline engine according to claim 1, it is special Levy and be:The master chip is Freescale MC9S12P128.
3. a kind of electronic control system for small-sized single cylinder four-stroke gasoline engine according to claim 1, it is special Levy and be:The driving chip of the actuator is MC33812 chips, and MC33812 driving chips carry power driving circuit, low side Drive circuit, feedback circuit.
4. a kind of electronic control system for small-sized single cylinder four-stroke gasoline engine according to claim 1, it is special Levy and be:The air inlet pressure sensor is the piezoresistive pressure sensor of medium measurement accuracy.
5. a kind of electronic control system for small-sized single cylinder four-stroke gasoline engine according to claim 1, it is special Levy and be:It is slide rheostat inside the TPS.
CN201510628704.8A 2015-09-28 2015-09-28 A kind of electronic control system for small-sized single cylinder four-stroke gasoline engine Active CN105156211B (en)

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CN106989788A (en) * 2017-04-17 2017-07-28 徐州徐工挖掘机械有限公司 A kind of BBG hydraulic crawler excavator fuel consumption test system and its method
CN109098861A (en) * 2017-06-21 2018-12-28 襄阳联航动力技术有限公司 A kind of electric-control system of list ECU sub-control air throttle
CN109441652B (en) * 2018-09-18 2021-07-09 上海工程技术大学 General driver for fuel system of multi-cylinder gasoline engine and diesel engine
CN109736945A (en) * 2019-01-16 2019-05-10 西华大学 A kind of opposed pistons three-stroke internal combustion linear generating unit
CN109882304A (en) * 2019-03-29 2019-06-14 辽宁丰禾伟业科技有限公司 A kind of electric spray type atomizing sprayer
CN113107695B (en) * 2021-03-31 2023-06-27 徐州博源科技有限公司 Control system of self-rooting tractor
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