CN112112733A - Valve driving structure of engine and using method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a valve driving structure of an engine, which comprises an engine body, wherein 2 combustion chambers and cam shafts are arranged in the engine body, and the combustion chambers are respectively positioned on two sides of the engine body; the camshaft comprises an air inlet camshaft and an air outlet camshaft and is positioned between the two side combustion chambers; the two sides of the air inlet cam shaft are respectively provided with a tappet, and the top end of each tappet is provided with an air inlet valve; the peach-shaped structure of the air inlet cam shaft drives the tappet to move, so that the air inlet valve is opened and closed; the two sides of the exhaust camshaft are respectively provided with a tappet, and the top end of each tappet is provided with an exhaust valve. The combustion chambers are of a horizontal structure, the cam shafts are arranged in the middle of the combustion chambers on the two sides, and the peach-shaped structures of the cam shafts can eject the air valves in the combustion chambers on the two sides, so that the arrangement of the cam shafts is reduced, the size of the engine is further reduced, and the size of the engine can meet the space requirement of a hybrid vehicle type.

Description

A valve drive structure of an engine and a method of using the same

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of engine valves, and in particular relates to a valve drive structure of an engine and a method of using the same.

Background technique

The valve drive structure of the existing engine usually relies on the rotation of the camshaft, and uses the peach-shaped structure on the camshaft to push the valve downward, so that the airflow in the airway can pass. Normally, the camshaft relies on rotational motion, and the peach-shaped structure only pushes out the valve in one side of the combustion chamber, so the engine is bulky and has low working efficiency.

Due to the tight cabin space of hybrid models, the size of the hybrid engine is required to be significantly smaller than that of a conventional engine. If the existing engine is used, the peach-shaped structure of a camshaft only pushes out the valve in one side of the combustion chamber, and the volume cannot meet the space requirement of the hybrid vehicle at all;

Moreover, the existing valve drive structure has reciprocating inertial force, and the operation is unstable.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The object of the present invention is to provide a valve drive structure of an engine and a method of using the same. The combustion chamber of the structure adopts a repositioned structure, the camshaft is arranged in the middle of the combustion chambers on both sides, and the peach-shaped structure of the camshaft can push out both sides. The valve in the combustion chamber reduces the setting of the camshaft, thereby reducing the volume of the engine, so that the volume of the engine can meet the space requirements of the hybrid vehicle; this method of use does not have reciprocating inertial force, so that the engine runs stably.

The technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:

A valve drive structure of an engine includes an engine body, the engine body is provided with a combustion chamber and a camshaft, the combustion chambers are two, respectively located on both sides of the engine body; the camshaft includes an intake camshaft and exhaust camshaft, located in the middle of the combustion chambers on both sides; there are tappets on both sides of the intake camshaft, and the top of each tappet is provided with an intake valve; the peach-shaped structure of the intake camshaft drives the lifter The column moves, so that the intake valve can be opened and closed; there are tappets on both sides of the exhaust camshaft, and the top of each tappet is provided with an exhaust valve; the peach-shaped structure of the exhaust camshaft drives the lifter The column moves to open and close the exhaust valve.

According to the above scheme, the tappet is provided with a spring, one end of the spring is connected with the tappet, the other end of the spring is connected with the intake valve or the exhaust valve, and the reaction force of the spring periodically makes the intake valve and the exhaust valve closure.

According to the above solution, a piston is provided in the combustion chamber of the engine to facilitate the control of the combustion volume of the combustion chamber, thereby controlling the power of the engine.

According to the above scheme, the top dead center and the bottom dead center of the piston are controlled by the air pressure of the compressed air or the electromagnetic force, so as to conveniently control the volume of the combustion chamber.

According to the above scheme, the rotation direction of the intake camshaft and the exhaust camshaft are the same or opposite, and the rotation angular velocity is the same.

The present invention also provides a method for using the valve drive structure of the above-mentioned engine, specifically:

When the intake and exhaust camshafts rotate to position A, the left combustion chamber opens the intake valve, closes the exhaust valve, and the piston moves away from the valve to realize the intake stroke; at the same time, the right combustion chamber closes the intake valve and exhausts the exhaust. The valve is closed and the piston is far away from the valve to realize the power stroke;

When the intake and exhaust camshafts rotate to position B, the left combustion chamber closes the intake valve, the exhaust valve closes, and the piston approaches the valve to realize the compression stroke; at the same time, the right combustion chamber closes the intake valve and exhausts The door is opened and the piston is close to the valve to realize the exhaust stroke;

When the intake and exhaust camshafts rotate to position C, the left combustion chamber realizes the power stroke by closing the intake valve, closing the exhaust valve and the piston away from the valve; at the same time, the right combustion chamber opens the intake valve and exhausts the The door is closed and the piston is far away from the valve to realize the intake stroke;

When the intake and exhaust camshafts rotate to position D, the left combustion chamber closes the intake valve, opens the exhaust valve, and the piston approaches the valve to realize the exhaust stroke; at the same time, the right combustion chamber closes the intake valve and exhausts the exhaust. The valve is closed and the piston is close to the valve to realize the compression stroke.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

Compared with the existing swivel-mounted engine, the number of camshafts is reduced by half, and the working efficiency of the engine is doubled;

The intake camshaft and the exhaust camshaft are arranged in the middle of the combustion chambers on both sides, so that one camshaft can open two valves, thereby reducing the volume of the engine;

There is no reciprocating inertial force, so the engine runs smoothly;

On the premise that the piston moves in the opposite direction, the problem of short opening or closing time of the intake and exhaust valves in the four processes of intake, compression, work and exhaust of the combustion chambers on both sides is solved;

The structure is simple and easy to implement.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, in which:

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the valve drive structure of the engine of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram when the intake and exhaust camshafts are rotated to position A;

Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram when the intake and exhaust camshafts are rotated to position B;

Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram when the intake and exhaust camshafts are rotated to position C;

Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram when the intake and exhaust camshafts are rotated to position D;

In the picture: 1. Engine body, 2. Intake camshaft, 2.1, Intake lobe, 3. Exhaust camshaft, 3.1, Exhaust lobe, 4. Tappet, 5. Intake valve, 5.1, Left Side intake valve, 5.2, right intake valve, 6, exhaust valve, 6.1, left exhaust valve, 6.2, right exhaust valve, 7, piston, 7.1, left piston, 7.2, right piston , 8, spring, 1.1, left intake port, 1.2, right intake port, 1.3, left exhaust port, 1.4, right exhaust port, 1.5, left combustion chamber, 1.6, right combustion chamber .

Detailed ways

In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1, a valve drive structure of an engine includes an engine body 1, and the engine body 1 is provided with a left combustion chamber 1.5, a right combustion chamber 1.6, an intake camshaft 2, an exhaust camshaft 3, and a left side combustion chamber 1.5. Intake port 1.1, right intake port 1.2, left exhaust port 1.3, right exhaust port 1.4. The left side combustion chamber 1.5 and the right side combustion chamber 1.6 adopt a repositioned structure and are located on both sides of the engine body 1 respectively. The intake camshaft 2 and the exhaust camshaft 3 are located in the middle of the left combustion chamber 1.5 and the right combustion chamber 1.6. Tappets 4 are respectively provided on both sides of the intake camshaft 2, the tops of the tappets 4 are provided with intake valves 5, and the intake valves 5 are used for the left intake port 1.1 and the right intake port 1.2. on and off. The peach-shaped structure of the intake camshaft 2 drives the tappet 4 to move, so that the two intake valves 5 can be opened and closed. Tappets 4 are respectively provided on both sides of the exhaust camshaft 3. The top of each tappet 4 is provided with an exhaust valve 6. The exhaust valve 6 is used for the left exhaust port 1.3 and the right exhaust port 1.4. , on and off. The peach-shaped structure of the exhaust camshaft 3 drives the tappet 4 to move, so that the exhaust valve 6 can be opened and closed.

In this embodiment, the intake camshaft 2 and the exhaust camshaft 3 rely on rotational motion, and the peach-shaped structure can push out the tappet 4, and the tappet 4 pushes out the intake valve 5 and the exhaust valve in the combustion chambers on both sides. 6.

In a preferred embodiment, each tappet 4 is provided with a spring 8, one end of the spring 8 is connected to the tappet 4, the other end of the spring 8 is connected to the intake valve 5 or the exhaust valve 6, and the intake cam During the rotation of the shaft 3 and the exhaust camshaft 4, the reaction force of the spring 8 periodically closes the intake valve 5 and the exhaust valve 6.

In a preferred embodiment, in order to conveniently control the combustion volume of the combustion chamber, a piston 7 is provided in the left combustion chamber 1.5 and the right combustion chamber 1.6. Force control or other mechanical parts to control.

The rotational directions of the intake camshaft 2 and the exhaust camshaft 3 may be the same or opposite, but the rotational angular speeds are the same.

The present invention also provides a method for using the valve drive structure of the above-mentioned engine, specifically:

Take the rotation direction of intake camshaft 2 and exhaust camshaft 3 as an example:

In the left and right combustion chambers 1.5, 1.6, the two pistons 7.1, 7.2 reciprocate in opposite directions;

In the two combustion chambers 1.5 and 1.6, the four-stroke working principle is adopted, including: intake, compression, power, and exhaust four strokes;

When the intake camshaft 2 and exhaust camshaft 3 rotate to position A (the intake lobe of the intake camshaft rotates to the upper left side, and the exhaust lobe of the exhaust camshaft rotates to the lower side), the left The valve phase is as follows: the intake lobe 2.1 of the intake camshaft 2 lifts the left tappet 4, the tappet 4 lifts the left intake valve 5.1, and the left intake port 1.1 opens; The exhaust peach 3.1 of the air camshaft 3 will not push up the left tappet 4, so the left exhaust valve 6.1 is not pushed up, and the left exhaust port 1.3 is closed; Move in the direction away from the valve; in this way, the left combustion chamber 1.5 realizes the intake stroke by "opening the left intake valve 5.1, closing the left exhaust valve 6.1, and leaving the left piston 7.1 away from the valve";

At the same time, when the intake camshaft 2 and exhaust camshaft 3 rotate to position A (the intake lobe of the intake camshaft rotates to the upper left side, and the exhaust lobe of the exhaust camshaft rotates to the lower side), the right The gas distribution phase on the side is as follows: the intake peak 2.1 of the intake camshaft 2 does not lift the right tappet 4, the right intake valve 5.2 is not lifted, and the right intake port 1.2 is closed; at the same time The exhaust tip 3.1 of the exhaust camshaft 3 does not lift the tappet 4 on the right, the right exhaust valve 6.2 is not lifted, and the right exhaust port 1.4 is closed; at the same time, the right combustion chamber 1.6 Carry out fuel injection and ignition to burn the mixture, and push the right piston 7.2 to move away from the valve (in the opposite direction to the left piston 7.1); in this way, the right combustion chamber 1.6 passes through the "right intake valve 5.2 closes, right The side exhaust valve 6.2 is closed, and the right piston 7.2 is far away from the valve" to realize the power stroke;

When the intake camshaft 2 and exhaust camshaft 3 rotate to position B (the intake lobe of the intake camshaft rotates to the lower left, and the exhaust lobe of the exhaust camshaft rotates to the right), the left The valve phase is as follows: the intake lobe 2.1 of the intake camshaft 2 does not push up the left tappet 4, the left intake valve 5.1 is not pushed up, and the left intake port 1.1 is closed; The exhaust tip 3.1 of the air camshaft 3 does not push up the left tappet 4, so the left exhaust valve 6.1 is not pushed up, and the left exhaust port 1.3 is closed; at the same time, the left piston 7.1 moves closer to the The direction of the valve movement; in this way, the left combustion chamber 1.5 realizes the compression stroke through "the left intake valve 5.1 is closed, the left exhaust valve 6.1 is closed, and the left piston 7.1 is close to the valve";

At the same time, when the intake camshaft 2 and exhaust camshaft 3 rotate to this position B (the intake lobe of the intake camshaft rotates to the lower left side, and the exhaust lobe of the exhaust camshaft rotates to the right), The gas distribution phase on the right side is: the intake lobe 2.1 of the intake camshaft 2 does not lift the right tappet 4, the right intake valve 5.2 is not lifted, and the right intake port 1.2 is closed; At the same time, the exhaust peach tip 3.1 of the exhaust camshaft 3 pushes up the right tappet 4, the right exhaust valve 5.2 is pushed up, and the right exhaust port 1.4 is open; at the same time, the right piston 7.2 moves closer to the The direction of the movement of the valve (opposite to the movement of the left piston 7.1); in this way, the right combustion chamber 1.6 realizes the exhaust stroke through "the right intake valve 5.2 is closed, the right exhaust valve 6.2 is opened, and the right piston 7.2 is close to the valve". ;

When the intake camshaft 2 and exhaust camshaft 3 rotate to position C (the intake lobe of the intake camshaft rotates to the right, and the exhaust lobe of the exhaust camshaft rotates to the upper side), the left The valve phase is as follows: the intake lobe 2.1 of the intake camshaft 2 does not push up the left tappet 4, the left intake valve 5.1 is not pushed up, and the left intake port 1.1 is closed; at the same time, The exhaust peach tip 3.1 of the exhaust camshaft 3 does not push up the left tappet 4, the left exhaust valve 6.1 is not pushed up, and the left exhaust port 1.3 is closed; at the same time, the left combustion chamber 1.5 The fuel injection and ignition are carried out inside to make the mixture burn and push the left piston 7.1 to move away from the valve. In this way, the left combustion chamber 1.5 realizes the power stroke through "the left intake valve 5.1 is closed, the left exhaust valve 6.1 is closed, and the left piston 7.1 is far away from the valve";

At the same time, when the intake camshaft 2 and exhaust camshaft 3 rotate to this position C (the intake lobe of the intake camshaft rotates to the right, and the exhaust lobe of the exhaust camshaft rotates to the upper side), The gas distribution phase on the right side is: the intake lobe 2.1 of the intake camshaft 2 pushes up the right tappet 4, the right intake valve 5.2 is pushed up, and the right intake port 1.2 is open; at the same time , the exhaust peach tip 3.1 of the exhaust camshaft 3 does not push up the right tappet 4, the right exhaust valve 6.2 is not pushed up, and the right exhaust port 1.4 is closed; at the same time, the right piston 7.2 Move in the direction away from the valve (opposite to the movement direction of the left piston 7.1); in this way, the right combustion chamber 1.6 is realized by "the right intake valve 5.2 is opened, the right exhaust valve 6.2 is closed, and the right piston 7.2 is away from the valve". air stroke;

When the intake camshaft 2 and exhaust camshaft 3 rotate to position D (the intake lobe of the intake camshaft rotates to the upper side, and the exhaust lobe of the exhaust camshaft rotates to the left), for the left The valve phase is as follows: the intake lobe 2.1 of the intake camshaft 2 does not push up the left tappet 4, the left intake valve 5.1 is not pushed up, and the left intake port 1.1 is closed; at the same time , the exhaust peach tip 3.1 of the exhaust camshaft 3 pushes up the left tappet 4, the left exhaust valve 6.1 is pushed up, and the left exhaust port 1.3 is open; at the same time, the left piston 7.1 moves closer to the The direction of the valve movement; in this way, the left combustion chamber 1.5 realizes the exhaust stroke through "the left intake valve 5.1 is closed, the left exhaust valve 6.1 is opened, and the left piston 7.1 is close to the valve";

At the same time, when the intake camshaft 2 and exhaust camshaft 3 rotate to this position D (the intake lobe of the intake camshaft rotates to the upper side, and the exhaust lobe of the exhaust camshaft rotates to the left), The gas distribution phase on the right side is: the intake lobe 2.1 of the intake camshaft 2 does not lift the right tappet 4, the right intake valve 5.2 is not lifted, and the right intake port 1.2 is closed; At the same time, the exhaust peach tip 3.1 of the exhaust camshaft 3 does not push up the right tappet 4, the right exhaust valve 5.2 is not pushed up, and the right exhaust port 1.4 is closed; at the same time, the right piston 7.2 Move in the direction close to the valve (opposite to the movement direction of the left piston 7.1); in this way, the right combustion chamber 1.6 is compressed through "the right intake valve 5.2 is closed, the right exhaust valve 6.2 is closed, and the right piston 7.2 is close to the valve". stroke.

Then again and again, the intake camshaft 2 and the exhaust camshaft 3 restart the cycle of the four angles of A, B, C, and D to complete the reciprocating working process of the combustion chambers on both sides.

It should be understood that for those skilled in the art, improvements or changes can be made according to the above description, and all these improvements and changes should fall within the protection scope of the appended claims of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. a valve drive structure of an engine, comprising an engine body, the engine body is provided with a combustion chamber, a camshaft, it is characterized in that: the combustion chamber has 2, respectively located on both sides of the engine body; the cam The shaft includes an intake camshaft and an exhaust camshaft, which are located in the middle of the combustion chambers on both sides; there are tappets on both sides of the intake camshaft, and the top of each tappet is provided with an intake valve; the intake camshaft The peach-shaped structure drives the tappet to move, so that the intake valve can be opened and closed; tappets are provided on both sides of the exhaust camshaft, and the top of each tappet is provided with an exhaust valve; the exhaust camshaft The peach-shaped structure drives the tappet movement, so that the exhaust valve can be opened and closed. 2. The valve drive structure of an engine according to claim 1, wherein a spring is provided on the tappet, one end of the spring is connected with the tappet, and the other end of the spring is connected with an intake valve or an exhaust valve, The reaction force of the spring periodically closes the intake and exhaust valves. 3 . The valve drive structure of the engine according to claim 1 , wherein a piston is provided in the engine combustion chamber. 4 . 4. The valve drive structure of the engine according to claim 3, wherein the top dead center and the bottom dead center of the piston are controlled by the air pressure of the compressed air or the electromagnetic force. 5 . The valve drive structure of the engine according to claim 1 , wherein the rotation direction of the intake camshaft and the exhaust camshaft are the same or opposite, and the rotation angular velocity is the same. 6 . 6. the using method of the valve drive structure of the engine described in any one of claim 1-5, is characterized in that: When the intake and exhaust camshafts rotate to position A, the left combustion chamber opens the intake valve, closes the exhaust valve, and the piston moves away from the valve to realize the intake stroke; at the same time, the right combustion chamber closes the intake valve and exhausts the exhaust. The valve is closed and the piston is far away from the valve to realize the power stroke; When the intake and exhaust camshafts rotate to position B, the left combustion chamber closes the intake valve, the exhaust valve closes, and the piston approaches the valve to realize the compression stroke; at the same time, the right combustion chamber closes the intake valve and exhausts The door is opened and the piston is close to the valve to realize the exhaust stroke; When the intake and exhaust camshafts rotate to position C, the left combustion chamber realizes the power stroke by closing the intake valve, closing the exhaust valve and the piston away from the valve; at the same time, the right combustion chamber opens the intake valve and exhausts the The door is closed and the piston is far away from the valve to realize the intake stroke; When the intake and exhaust camshafts rotate to position D, the left combustion chamber closes the intake valve, opens the exhaust valve, and the piston approaches the valve to realize the exhaust stroke; at the same time, the right combustion chamber closes the intake valve and exhausts the exhaust. The valve is closed and the piston is close to the valve to realize the compression stroke. 7. The method of use according to claim 6, wherein: the position A is that the intake lobe of the intake camshaft rotates to the upper left side, and the exhaust lobe of the exhaust camshaft rotates to the lower side; The position B is that the intake lobe of the intake camshaft rotates to the lower left side, and the exhaust lobe of the exhaust camshaft rotates to the right; The position C is that the intake lobe of the intake camshaft rotates to the right, and the exhaust lobe of the exhaust camshaft rotates to the upper side; The position D is that the intake lobe of the intake camshaft rotates to the upper side, and the exhaust lobe of the exhaust camshaft rotates to the left.

Images