CN104061058A - Premixing compression internal-combustion engine and operation method thereof - Google Patents

Premixing compression internal-combustion engine and operation method thereof Download PDF

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CN104061058A
CN104061058A CN201410249762.5A CN201410249762A CN104061058A CN 104061058 A CN104061058 A CN 104061058A CN 201410249762 A CN201410249762 A CN 201410249762A CN 104061058 A CN104061058 A CN 104061058A
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piston
air
chamber
regulating valves
gas
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李群
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12Improving ICE efficiencies

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Abstract

A premixing compression internal-combustion engine and an operation method thereof belong to the technical field of compression internal-combustion engine. A crankshaft is mounted in a cylinder body through a bearing and hinged to one end of a connecting rod, and the other end of the connecting rod is hinged to a piston; a cavity is formed in the upper part of the cylinder body, and the piston is in movable sealing fit with the wall of the cavity in the cylinder body; an oil injector is arranged at the upper end of the wall of the cavity in the cylinder body, a cylinder cover is arranged at the top of the cylinder body, and an intake valve and an exhaust valve are respectively arranged between the cylinder cover and the cylinder body and respectively communicated with the cavity; one end of a gas adjusting valve is communicated with a gas storage tank, and the other end of the gas adjusting valve is communicated with the cavity through the cylinder cover. The operation method comprises the following steps: preheating compressed air at the initial stage of start, igniting a premixed gas during starting, conducting expansion action of the premixed gas, feeding exhaust into the gas storage tank, realizing exhaust release of the gas storage tank when inspiration finishes and compressing the premixed gas. Through reciprocating the operation, the internal-combustion engine enters a stable working state.

Description

A kind of homogeneous charge compression ignition engine and operation method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to compressed ignition internal combustion engine technical field, particularly relate to a kind of homogeneous charge compression ignition engine and operation method thereof.
Background technique
In technical field of internal combustion engines instantly, homogeneous compression-ignition (HCCI) technology has become the emphasis of developmental research, it has the advantages that combustion temperature is low, the thermal efficiency is high and disposal of pollutants is low, adopt the internal-combustion engine of homogeneous compression-ignition (HCCI) technology, be to be hopeful most to replace gasoline engine and the diesel engine generally using now, become the main force of internal-combustion engine of future generation.
But the internal-combustion engine that adopts now homogeneous compression-ignition (HCCI) technology still has some technical barriers to fail to solve:
1, timing of combustion is difficult to control
Adopt compression ignite mode, do not use spark ignition, can only be by the initial temperature that changes compression ratio and control mixed gas, indirect control combustion initial point, to such an extent as to control combustion initial point is very difficult.
2, range of operation is narrow
Internal-combustion engine, when high load running, can be subject to the restriction of pinking, and while crossing underrun, the restriction of being stopped working again, causes internal-combustion engine can only operate in middle-low load state.
3, difficulty in starting
Before internal combustion engine start, compression be mixed gas, and the initial temperature of mixed gas is low, is difficult to reach timing of combustion after causing mixed gas to be compressed for the first time.
Realize homogeneous compression-ignition (HCCI) though mode have multiple, but what generally adopt now is the residual mode of cylinder inner exhaust gas and exhaust gas recirculation mode, with tail gas, preheat cool air in cylinder, and adjust the content of tail gas, the control of realization to mixture temperature, reaches the object of control combustion initial point.But above-mentioned method all be take and is sacrificed air inflow as cost, for the residual mode of cylinder inner exhaust gas, is in cylinder, to retain a part of tail gas, then sucks a part of fresh air, to improve the initial temperature of mixed gas; And exhaust gas recirculation mode is by tail gas and fresh air while suction cylinder, to improve the initial temperature of mixed gas; This just greatly reduces the intake of fresh air, causes adopting the internal-combustion engine of above-mentioned homogeneous compression-ignition (HCCI) technology, cannot under the state of high load, run well.
Summary of the invention
The problem existing for prior art, the invention provides and a kind ofly not affecting under the prerequisite of air inflow, import tail gas heating mixed gas simultaneously, has certain pressurization, the more manageable a kind of homogeneous charge compression ignition engine of timing of combustion and operation method thereof.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts following technological scheme: a kind of homogeneous charge compression ignition engine, comprise cylinder block, bent axle, connecting rod, piston, intake valve, exhaust valve, oil sprayer and cylinder head, and be characterized in also comprising Air-regulating valves and gas holder; Described bent axle is installed in cylinder block by bearing, and one end of bent axle and connecting rod is hinged, and the other end and the piston of connecting rod are hinged; The top of described cylinder block is provided with chamber, and described piston coordinates with the chamber wall movable sealing of cylinder block; Chamber wall upper end at cylinder block is provided with oil sprayer, on cylinder block top, is provided with cylinder head, is respectively arranged with intake valve and exhaust valve between cylinder head and cylinder block, and intake valve and exhaust valve are connected with chamber respectively; One end of described Air-regulating valves is connected with gas holder, and the other end of Air-regulating valves is connected with chamber by cylinder head.
In described cylinder block, be at least provided with a chamber, described each chamber is provided with piston, oil sprayer, intake valve and the exhaust valve being mated, and the connecting rod being hinged with piston, and described each connecting rod is all hinged with bent axle; Described each chamber respectively by cylinder head with one independently Air-regulating valves be connected, described each Air-regulating valves is all connected with gas holder.
Described gas holder is connected with temperature transducer and pressure transducer.
The operation method of described homogeneous charge compression ignition engine, comprises the following steps:
Step 1: initial stage in internal combustion engine start stage, oil sprayer is not carried out oil spout work, when piston is positioned at compression stroke primary position, Air-regulating valves is opened, chamber and gas holder are in communicating state, until piston is positioned at compression stroke latter stage, during the position of piston in top dead center, Air-regulating valves is closed, pressurized air is stored in gas holder, when the temperature and pressure of gas holder compressed air does not reach predetermined value, wherein predetermined value is for meeting the numerical value of fuel burning-point, repeat above-mentioned action, continuation is pressed into pressurized air in gas holder, until reach predetermined value,
Step 2: start starting ignition, piston is when compression stroke primary position, and Air-regulating valves is opened, in gas holder, the pressurized air of High Temperature High Pressure enters in chamber by Air-regulating valves, simultaneously upwards operation of piston, and oil sprayer is to the fuel oil that sprays into appropriate amount in chamber, realizes the premixing of fuel oil and air; Piston continues upwards operation, until when the pressure in chamber and the pressure balance in gas holder, Air-regulating valves is closed, along with the upwards operation of continuation of piston, the temperature and pressure of pre-mixed gas constantly increases, until the latter stage of piston arrives compression stroke, it is maximum that the temperature and pressure of pre-mixed gas all reaches, and reaching fuel oil burning-point, pre-mixed gas is lighted, and enters working stroke simultaneously;
Step 3: at the initial stage of working stroke, pre-mixed gas is lighted rear volume and is expanded rapidly, promote piston operation downwards fast, when piston runs to working stroke during the middle and later periods, Air-regulating valves is opened, and the tail gas of High Temperature High Pressure enters in gas holder fast by Air-regulating valves, until piston closes on the latter stage of working stroke, Air-regulating valves is closed, and the tail gas of High Temperature High Pressure is stored in gas holder; When piston runs to lower dead center, working stroke finishes, and exhaust valve is opened simultaneously, and piston enters the exhaust stroke stage, and piston runs to top dead center from lower dead center always, exhaust valve closing simultaneously, and intake valve is opened, and exhaust stroke finishes, and suction stroke starts; Piston moves downwards from top dead center, runs to lower dead center and finishes, and is full of fresh cold air in chamber, and suction stroke finishes, while IC Intake Valve Closes, and compression stroke starts;
Step 4: piston is when compression stroke primary position, Air-regulating valves is opened, and in gas holder, the tail gas of High Temperature High Pressure enters in chamber by Air-regulating valves, upwards operation of piston simultaneously, and oil sprayer, to the fuel oil that sprays into appropriate amount in chamber, is realized the premixing of fuel oil and air; Piston continues upwards operation, until when the pressure in chamber and the pressure balance in gas holder, Air-regulating valves is closed, along with the upwards operation of continuation of piston, the temperature and pressure of pre-mixed gas constantly increases, until the latter stage of piston arrives compression stroke, it is maximum that the temperature and pressure of pre-mixed gas all reaches, and reaching fuel oil burning-point, pre-mixed gas is lighted, and enters working stroke simultaneously; Run so forth, internal-combustion engine enters steady-working state.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1, the present invention compared with prior art, do not affecting under the prerequisite of air inflow, import tail gas heating mixed gas simultaneously, in the suction stroke stage, completed after the suction of fresh air, IC Intake Valve Closes, imported tail gas in the compression stroke stage, because the amount of fresh air sucking in chamber is not reduce, increased again the tail gas of rear importing, thereby caused total air inflow in chamber to increase, finally just played the effect of supercharging simultaneously.
2, the present invention can realize the control to tail gas amount by controlling Air-regulating valves, by control tail gas amount number, realize the control to the temperature and pressure of pre-mixed gas, thereby reach the object of control combustion initial point; By controlling the importing time point of tail gas amount, thereby realize the stable operation of compressed ignition internal combustion engine under high, medium and low load condition.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of homogeneous charge compression ignition engine structure principle chart of the present invention;
In figure, 1-cylinder block, 2-bent axle, 3-connecting rod, 4-piston, 5-intake valve, 6-exhaust valve, 7-oil sprayer, 8-chamber, 9-cylinder head, 10-Air-regulating valves, 11-gas holder.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of homogeneous charge compression ignition engine, comprises cylinder block 1, bent axle 2, connecting rod 3, piston 4, intake valve 5, exhaust valve 6, oil sprayer 7, cylinder head 9, Air-regulating valves 10 and gas holder 11; Described bent axle 2 is installed in cylinder block 1 by bearing, and bent axle 2 is hinged with one end of connecting rod 3, and the other end of connecting rod 3 and piston 4 are hinged; The top of described cylinder block 1 is provided with chamber 8, and described piston 4 coordinates with the chamber 8 wall movable sealings of cylinder block 1; Chamber 8 wall upper ends at cylinder block 1 are provided with oil sprayer 7, on cylinder block 1 top, are provided with cylinder head 9, are respectively arranged with intake valve 5 and exhaust valve 6 between cylinder head 9 and cylinder block 1, and intake valve 5 and exhaust valve 6 are connected with chamber 8 respectively; One end of described Air-regulating valves 10 is connected with gas holder 11, and the other end of Air-regulating valves 10 is connected with chamber 8 by cylinder head 9.
In described cylinder block 1, be at least provided with a chamber 8, described each chamber 8 is provided with piston 4, oil sprayer 7, intake valve 5 and the exhaust valve 6 being mated, and the connecting rod 3 being hinged with piston 4, and described each connecting rod 3 is all hinged with bent axle 2; Described each chamber 8 respectively by cylinder head 9 with one independently Air-regulating valves 10 be connected, described each Air-regulating valves 10 is all connected with gas holder 11.
Described gas holder 11 is connected with temperature transducer and pressure transducer.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, a running of the present invention is described:
In the present embodiment, take gasoline engine as example, Air-regulating valves 10 adopts the two-way Pneumatic valve of 2/2-way.
Step 1: initial stage in internal combustion engine start stage, oil sprayer 7 is not carried out oil spout work, when piston 4 is positioned at compression stroke primary position, Air-regulating valves 10 is opened, now chamber 8 and gas holder 11 are in communicating state, until piston 4 is positioned at compression stroke latter stage, during the position of piston 4 in top dead center, now Air-regulating valves 10 is closed, pressurized air is stored in gas holder 11, if now the temperature and pressure of gas holder 11 compressed airs does not reach predetermined value, wherein predetermined value is for meeting the numerical value of fuel burning-point, in the present embodiment, predetermined value is the temperature and pressure that meets gasoline burning-point, repeat above-mentioned action, continuation is pressed into pressurized air in gas holder 11, until reach predetermined value,
Step 2: start starting ignition, piston 4 is when compression stroke primary position, Air-regulating valves 10 is opened, now the air pressure in chamber 8 is low, temperature is low, cause the pressurized air of gas holder 11 interior High Temperature High Pressure to enter in chamber 8 by Air-regulating valves 10, simultaneously upwards operation of piston 4, and oil sprayer 7 is to the fuel oil (gasoline) that sprays into appropriate amount in chamber 8, and what complete is the premixing of fuel oil and air this moment, piston 4 continues upwards operation, until during pressure balance in the pressure in chamber 8 and gas holder 11, Air-regulating valves 10 is closed, now the pre-mixed gas in chamber 8 is owing to having added the pressurized air of High Temperature High Pressure, cause initial temperature and the pressure of pre-mixed gas to have significantly raising, upwards operation of continuation along with piston 4, the temperature and pressure of pre-mixed gas is all constantly increasing, until piston 4 arrives the latter stage of compression stroke, it is maximum that the temperature and pressure of pre-mixed gas all reaches, and reach the burning-point of fuel oil simultaneously, pre-mixed gas is lighted, enter working stroke simultaneously,
Step 3: at the initial stage of working stroke, because pre-mixed gas is lighted the expansion rapidly of rear volume, promote piston 4 operation downwards fast, when piston 4 runs to working stroke during the middle and later periods, now Air-regulating valves 10 is opened, and the tail gas of High Temperature High Pressure can enter in gas holder 11 fast by Air-regulating valves 10, until piston 4 closes on the latter stage of working stroke, now Air-regulating valves 10 is closed, and the tail gas of High Temperature High Pressure is stored in gas holder 11; At this moment piston 4 runs to lower dead center, and working stroke finishes, and exhaust valve 6 is opened simultaneously, and piston 4 enters the exhaust stroke stage, and piston 4 runs to top dead center from lower dead center always, and exhaust valve 6 cuts out simultaneously, and intake valve 5 is opened, and exhaust stroke finishes, and suction stroke starts; Now piston 4 moves downwards from top dead center, runs to lower dead center and finishes, and at this moment in chamber 8, has been full of fresh cold air, and suction stroke finishes, and intake valve 5 is closed simultaneously, and compression stroke starts;
Step 4: piston 4 is when compression stroke primary position, Air-regulating valves 10 is opened, because the air pressure in chamber 8 is now low, temperature is low, cause the tail gas of gas holder 11 interior High Temperature High Pressure to enter in chamber 8 by Air-regulating valves 10, upwards operation of piston 4 simultaneously, and oil sprayer 7 is to the fuel oil (gasoline) that sprays into appropriate amount in chamber 8, and what complete is the premixing of fuel oil and air this moment; Piston 4 continues upwards operation, until during pressure balance in the pressure in chamber 8 and gas holder 11, Air-regulating valves 10 is closed, now the pre-mixed gas in chamber 8 is owing to having added the tail gas of High Temperature High Pressure, directly cause initial temperature and the pressure of pre-mixed gas significantly to improve, upwards operation of continuation along with piston 4, the temperature and pressure of pre-mixed gas can be more and more higher, until piston 4 arrives the latter stage of compression stroke, it is maximum that the temperature and pressure of pre-mixed gas all reaches, reach fuel oil burning-point, pre-mixed gas is lighted, and enters working stroke simultaneously; Run so forth, make internal-combustion engine enter steady-working state.
When internal-combustion engine need to move under different load state, just need to control the timing of combustion of fuel oil, the timing of combustion that is pre-mixed gas is realized object, the time point that can open and close in the working stroke stage by controlling Air-regulating valves 10 so, control the size of the temperature, pressure and the tail gas amount that enter gas holder 11 inner exhaust gas, with seasonal Air-regulating valves 10, at set time in compression stroke stage point, open and close, to import the tail gas of a certain amount of different temperatures and pressure, to realize the control to timing of combustion, thereby reach the object of control combustion initial point; Or can at the set time in working stroke stage point, open and close by controlling Air-regulating valves 10, temperature, pressure and tail gas amount that assurance enters gas holder 11 inner exhaust gas keep relative stability, and the time point opening and closing at compression stroke stage control Air-regulating valves 10, control the number of the tail gas amount that enters chamber 8, and then the initial temperature of control pre-mixed gas, thereby realize the control to timing of combustion, reach the object of control combustion initial point; Or the time point opening and closing in the working stroke stage by controlling Air-regulating valves 10, control the size of the temperature, pressure and the tail gas amount that enter gas holder 11 inner exhaust gas, with seasonal Air-regulating valves 10, in compression stroke stage different time points, open and close, to import the tail gas of different amounts, different temperatures and different pressures, to realize the control to timing of combustion, thereby reach the object of control combustion initial point.
Scheme in embodiment is not in order to limit scope of patent protection of the present invention, and the equivalence that all the present invention of disengaging do is implemented or change, is all contained in the scope of the claims of this case.

Claims (4)

1. a homogeneous charge compression ignition engine, comprises cylinder block, bent axle, connecting rod, piston, intake valve, exhaust valve, oil sprayer and cylinder head, characterized by further comprising Air-regulating valves and gas holder; Described bent axle is installed in cylinder block by bearing, and one end of bent axle and connecting rod is hinged, and the other end and the piston of connecting rod are hinged; The top of described cylinder block is provided with chamber, and described piston coordinates with the chamber wall movable sealing of cylinder block; Chamber wall upper end at cylinder block is provided with oil sprayer, on cylinder block top, is provided with cylinder head, is respectively arranged with intake valve and exhaust valve between cylinder head and cylinder block, and intake valve and exhaust valve are connected with chamber respectively; One end of described Air-regulating valves is connected with gas holder, and the other end of Air-regulating valves is connected with chamber by cylinder head.
2. a kind of homogeneous charge compression ignition engine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described cylinder block, be at least provided with a chamber, described each chamber is provided with piston, oil sprayer, intake valve and the exhaust valve being mated, and the connecting rod being hinged with piston, described each connecting rod is all hinged with bent axle; Described each chamber respectively by cylinder head with one independently Air-regulating valves be connected, described each Air-regulating valves is all connected with gas holder.
3. a kind of homogeneous charge compression ignition engine according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described gas holder is connected with temperature transducer and pressure transducer.
4. the operation method of homogeneous charge compression ignition engine according to claim 1, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
Step 1: initial stage in internal combustion engine start stage, oil sprayer is not carried out oil spout work, when piston is positioned at compression stroke primary position, Air-regulating valves is opened, chamber and gas holder are in communicating state, until piston is positioned at compression stroke latter stage, during the position of piston in top dead center, Air-regulating valves is closed, pressurized air is stored in gas holder, when the temperature and pressure of gas holder compressed air does not reach predetermined value, wherein predetermined value is for meeting the numerical value of fuel oil burning-point, repeat above-mentioned action, continuation is pressed into pressurized air in gas holder, until reach predetermined value,
Step 2: start starting ignition, piston is when compression stroke primary position, and Air-regulating valves is opened, in gas holder, the pressurized air of High Temperature High Pressure enters in chamber by Air-regulating valves, simultaneously upwards operation of piston, and oil sprayer is to the fuel oil that sprays into appropriate amount in chamber, realizes the premixing of fuel oil and air; Piston continues upwards operation, until when the pressure in chamber and the pressure balance in gas holder, Air-regulating valves is closed, along with the upwards operation of continuation of piston, the temperature and pressure of pre-mixed gas constantly increases, until the latter stage of piston arrives compression stroke, it is maximum that the temperature and pressure of pre-mixed gas all reaches, and reaching fuel oil burning-point, pre-mixed gas is lighted, and enters working stroke simultaneously;
Step 3: at the initial stage of working stroke, pre-mixed gas is lighted rear volume and is expanded rapidly, promote piston operation downwards fast, when piston runs to working stroke during the middle and later periods, Air-regulating valves is opened, and the tail gas of High Temperature High Pressure enters in gas holder fast by Air-regulating valves, until piston closes on the latter stage of working stroke, Air-regulating valves is closed, and the tail gas of High Temperature High Pressure is stored in gas holder; When piston runs to lower dead center, working stroke finishes, and exhaust valve is opened simultaneously, and piston enters the exhaust stroke stage, and piston runs to top dead center from lower dead center always, exhaust valve closing simultaneously, and intake valve is opened, and exhaust stroke finishes, and suction stroke starts; Piston moves downwards from top dead center, runs to lower dead center and finishes, and is full of fresh cold air in chamber, and suction stroke finishes, while IC Intake Valve Closes, and compression stroke starts;
Step 4: piston is when compression stroke primary position, Air-regulating valves is opened, and in gas holder, the tail gas of High Temperature High Pressure enters in chamber by Air-regulating valves, upwards operation of piston simultaneously, and oil sprayer, to the fuel oil that sprays into appropriate amount in chamber, is realized the premixing of fuel oil and air; Piston continues upwards operation, until when the pressure in chamber and the pressure balance in gas holder, Air-regulating valves is closed, along with the upwards operation of continuation of piston, the temperature and pressure of pre-mixed gas constantly increases, until the latter stage of piston arrives compression stroke, it is maximum that the temperature and pressure of pre-mixed gas all reaches, and reaching fuel oil burning-point, pre-mixed gas is lighted, and enters working stroke simultaneously; Run so forth, internal-combustion engine enters steady-working state.
CN201410249762.5A 2014-06-05 2014-06-05 Premixing compression internal-combustion engine and operation method thereof Pending CN104061058A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104963757A (en) * 2015-07-02 2015-10-07 刘学文 Changeable combustion chamber device and method for diesel capable of using multiple fuels
CN107781026A (en) * 2017-09-22 2018-03-09 大连理工大学 Spark ignitor formula internal combustion engine homogeneous charge compression ignition system
CN112627965A (en) * 2020-12-18 2021-04-09 王建伟 Internal combustion engine with gas storage compression function and use method thereof

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3903474A1 (en) * 1988-02-25 1989-09-07 Avl Verbrennungskraft Messtech Method for operating an internal combustion engine
CN1160433A (en) * 1994-10-11 1997-09-24 法国石油研究所 Pneumatically-controlled air-fuel mixture injection in two-stroke engine
US8151553B1 (en) * 2010-07-26 2012-04-10 Michael Moses Schechter Operating internal-combustion engine without discharging gas into environment

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3903474A1 (en) * 1988-02-25 1989-09-07 Avl Verbrennungskraft Messtech Method for operating an internal combustion engine
CN1160433A (en) * 1994-10-11 1997-09-24 法国石油研究所 Pneumatically-controlled air-fuel mixture injection in two-stroke engine
US8151553B1 (en) * 2010-07-26 2012-04-10 Michael Moses Schechter Operating internal-combustion engine without discharging gas into environment

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104963757A (en) * 2015-07-02 2015-10-07 刘学文 Changeable combustion chamber device and method for diesel capable of using multiple fuels
CN107781026A (en) * 2017-09-22 2018-03-09 大连理工大学 Spark ignitor formula internal combustion engine homogeneous charge compression ignition system
CN107781026B (en) * 2017-09-22 2021-10-15 大连理工大学 Premixed compression ignition system of spark plug ignition type internal combustion engine
CN112627965A (en) * 2020-12-18 2021-04-09 王建伟 Internal combustion engine with gas storage compression function and use method thereof

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