WO2020143418A1 - 一种在超声波发射面与清洗物表面之间保持清洗水的结构 - Google Patents

一种在超声波发射面与清洗物表面之间保持清洗水的结构 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020143418A1
WO2020143418A1 PCT/CN2019/126366 CN2019126366W WO2020143418A1 WO 2020143418 A1 WO2020143418 A1 WO 2020143418A1 CN 2019126366 W CN2019126366 W CN 2019126366W WO 2020143418 A1 WO2020143418 A1 WO 2020143418A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
water outlet
water
enclosure
ultrasonic
cleaning
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PCT/CN2019/126366
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
夏绎
夏展敏
Original Assignee
夏绎
夏展敏
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Application filed by 夏绎, 夏展敏 filed Critical 夏绎
Publication of WO2020143418A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020143418A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B13/00—Accessories or details of general applicability for machines or apparatus for cleaning
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B3/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
    • B08B3/04—Cleaning involving contact with liquid
    • B08B3/10—Cleaning involving contact with liquid with additional treatment of the liquid or of the object being cleaned, e.g. by heat, by electricity or by vibration
    • B08B3/12—Cleaning involving contact with liquid with additional treatment of the liquid or of the object being cleaned, e.g. by heat, by electricity or by vibration by sonic or ultrasonic vibrations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60S—SERVICING, CLEANING, REPAIRING, SUPPORTING, LIFTING, OR MANOEUVRING OF VEHICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60S3/00—Vehicle cleaning apparatus not integral with vehicles
    • B60S3/04—Vehicle cleaning apparatus not integral with vehicles for exteriors of land vehicles

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of cleaning, and in particular to a structure for maintaining cleaning water between an ultrasonic emission surface and a surface of a cleaning object.
  • Ultrasonic cleaning is a common application of ultrasound.
  • ultrasonic cleaning generally puts the cleaning object into a container containing cleaning water, and completes the ultrasonic cleaning operation by releasing ultrasonic waves to the cleaning water in the container.
  • the ultrasonic wave is released by releasing ultrasonic waves from the wall of the pipe to the fluid in the pipeline. They are characterized by immersing the cleaning object (surface of the cleaning object) in the water container (pipe), by placing it in the wall of the container (pipe), or by placing an ultrasonic transducer (vibrator, vibrator) in the container (pipe) Plate, vibrating rod, etc.) release ultrasonic waves to the cleaning water to complete the ultrasonic cleaning operation.
  • This conventional method generally does not cause a lack of water between the ultrasonic emission surface and the surface of the cleaning object.
  • Patent 201820488514.X (invention of the same family: 201810304394.8) It is proposed to protrude out of the surface of the cleaning object, establish a closed and moving area, and release ultrasonic waves to the cleaning water in the area to complete the ultrasonic cleaning of the surface of the cleaning object.
  • the surface of the cleaning object becomes a part of the "container" of the cleaning water, and the surface of the cleaning object is cleaned one by one by the method of closing and moving under negative pressure to achieve the goal of cleaning the entire surface of the cleaning object.
  • the surface of the cleaning object is based on a horizontal plane, which may be horizontally upward, vertical, or an angle greater than vertical; the surface of the cleaning object may be flat or have a moderate "shape relief" ( For example, automobile surfaces, equipment, concave and convex surfaces of buildings, etc.).
  • the ultrasonic emission surface of the transducer will rotate on the surface of the cleaning object, and this rotation should not be restricted.
  • the present invention proposes a method: to solve the problem of water shortage between the ultrasonic emission surface and the surface of the cleaning object, so that there is always enough stagnation between them, and at the same time, uninterrupted flow of refreshing cleaning water, which effectively serves as an ultrasonic transmission medium Complete the ultrasonic cleaning operation, and take away the cleaning dirt.
  • Patent 201820488514.X (invention of the same family: 201810304394.8) A closed moving, ultrasonic cleaning device is proposed on the surface of the cleaning object. Among them, how to keep no water shortage between the ultrasonic emission surface and the surface of the cleaning object, and always keep enough cleaning water that stays and keeps flowing continuously and renewed is the problem to be solved by the present invention.
  • Ultrasonic cleaning is inseparable from the cleaning medium and ultrasonic transmission medium.
  • water is the most common ultrasonic cleaning and transmission medium.
  • High-power ultrasound or focused ultrasound can also be transmitted through air.
  • the present invention mainly discusses the transmission of ultrasonic waves through an aqueous medium.
  • an ultrasonic transducer whose ultrasonic emission surface is S1.
  • the distance between the emission surface S1 and the surface of the cleaning object is Y.
  • the ultrasonic wave emitted by the transducer passes through the distance Y and effectively acts on the cleaning object
  • the surface is S2.
  • an area is formed, as shown in FIG. 2, referred to simply as “ultrasonic transmission area”.
  • the area In order to allow the cleaned dirt to be discharged out of the "ultrasonic transmission area" in time, the area is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet.
  • the water inlet continuously injects cleaning water into the "ultrasonic transmission area", and the water outlet takes away the cleaned dirt in time In order to ensure that there is uninterrupted flow of cleaning water in the "ultrasonic transmission area".
  • the water outlet is shown as (8a) in Figure 3.
  • the surface of the cleaning object will show an angle range from horizontal upward to vertical, and occasionally it will be greater than this angle, that is, greater than the angle of the hemisphere on the horizontal plane.
  • the "ultrasonic transmission area” is closed and moved along the surface of the cleaning object, it will rotate arbitrarily on the surface of the cleaning object, as shown in Figure 3. Therefore, it is a problem how to keep enough washing water that stays in the "ultrasonic transmission area" with the water outlet (8a) and keeps flowing without interruption.
  • the "ultrasonic transmission area" at position A is equivalent to the surface of the cleaning object facing upward; the positions B, C, D, E, and F are equivalent to the surface of the cleaning object; the positions G and H are equivalent to the surface of the cleaning object. Greater than the vertical angle, that is, in the angle range larger than the hemisphere on the horizontal plane, the "ultrasonic transmission area" is "revolving" along the surface of the cleaning object.
  • the water outlet (8a) of the "ultrasonic transmission area" at positions B and G faces upward (ie, the water outlet (8a) is at the highest position of the “ultrasonic transmission area", or at 12 o'clock); from position B At F, the water outlet (8a) turns from upward to downward (that is, the water outlet (8a) is at the lowest position of the "ultrasonic transmission area", or at 6 o'clock).
  • These different positions are equivalent to a 360° “rotation" of the "ultrasonic transmission area" on the surface of the cleaning object.
  • the "ultrasonic transmission area" with the water outlet (8a) must be kept at any position in the above “revolution” and “autobiography”. There must always be enough stagnation in the "ultrasonic transmission area”, and at the same time, uninterrupted flow of updated cleaning water , Not because of the water outlet (8a) Face down (figure 3, positions F, H, I) and empty the cleaning water in the "ultrasonic transmission area", making ultrasonic cleaning impossible to operate; or, the water outlet (8a) Located in a horizontal position (position D in Figure 3, or 9 o'clock position), the washing water in the "ultrasonic transmission area” is halved, reducing the effect.
  • “Dynamic” means that in this area, the cleaning water flows in continuously and flows out and updates at any time; “Dynamic” cleaning water takes away the cleaned dirt, and at the same time, prevents the cleaning dirt from being clamped on the surface of the washing Cleaning objects.
  • Retention means that, in this area, there is enough cleaning water to be kept and updated at any time; the “retention” cleaning water acts as an ultrasonic transmission medium to complete the ultrasonic cleaning operation.
  • the invention fundamentally solves the method of always maintaining enough stagnation of cleaning water between the ultrasonic emission surface and the surface of the cleaning object, and at the same time, the flow is continuously updated, to complete the ultrasonic cleaning operation and take away the cleaning dirt in time.
  • This method is effective from the surface of the cleaning object facing upwards, to the surface of the cleaning object being vertical, and to the angle of the surface of the cleaning object greater than the vertical; it is also effective for the ultrasonic emission surface rotating arbitrarily on the surface of the cleaning object.
  • the invention essentially breaks through the ultrasonic cleaning method of the prior art, and realizes the ultrasonic cleaning operation that partially protrudes from the surface of the cleaning object.
  • the present invention makes it practical to clean the surface of a cleaning object that is much larger than the emission surface with a small ultrasonic emission surface.
  • FIG. 1 Schematic diagram of the ultrasonic transducer of the present invention
  • FIG. 1 Schematic diagram of the "ultrasonic transmission area" of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 Schematic diagram of "revolution” and “rotation” of the “ultrasonic transmission area” of the present invention
  • FIG. 1 Schematic diagram of the overall structure and peripheral components of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 Schematic diagram 1 of the surrounding wall of the present invention
  • FIG. 1 Schematic diagram 1 of the trend of the cleaning water of the present invention in the flow channel
  • FIG. 1 Schematic diagram of the water outlet position and water level of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 Schematic diagram 1 of the water level of the present invention.
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the airflow "breakdown" cleaning water of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 Schematic diagram 1 of the partition in the flow channel of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 Schematic diagram 1 of the "ultrasonic transmission area" of the connection envelope between the water outlets of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 Schematic diagram 2 of the trend of the cleaning water of the present invention in the flow channel
  • FIG. 1 Schematic diagram of air flow "blocking" of the water outlet of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 Schematic diagram 3 of the water level of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 Schematic diagram 4 of the water level of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 Schematic diagram 5 of the water level of the present invention.
  • Figure 19 the second schematic diagram of the "ultrasonic transmission area" of the connection envelope between the water outlets of the present invention.
  • FIG. 20 the sixth schematic diagram of the water level of the present invention.
  • FIG. 21 Schematic diagram of the water level 7 of the present invention.
  • FIG 22 a schematic diagram of the water level eight of the present invention.
  • the schematic diagram of the position of the water outlet of the present invention is higher than the position of the ultrasonic emission surface
  • Figure 24 the first schematic diagram of the present invention is greater than the vertical angle water level
  • Figure 25 the second schematic diagram of the present invention is greater than the vertical angle of the water level
  • FIG 26 a schematic diagram of the water inlet of the present invention.
  • a structure for maintaining washing water between an ultrasonic emission surface and a surface of a cleaning object characterized in that at least one surrounding circle 11 is provided in a negative pressure region 9, and at least one surrounding circle is provided in the surrounding circle 11
  • the ultrasonic transducer 12 is provided with at least one water inlet 7a and one water outlet 8a.
  • a ultrasonic transmitting surface 16 of the transducer is provided, and the lower side of the surrounding circle 11
  • the mouth contacts the surface 5 of the cleaning object directly or through a smooth, soft material, including the "ultrasonic transmission area" 17 bottom surface S2, and is constructed by the first surrounding wall 13 and the second surrounding wall 18, or using similar surrounding pipes
  • the channel 19 directly wraps the water outlet 8a in the flow channel 19.
  • a water outlet 8b is provided on the flow channel 19 and at the radial position of the water outlet 8a and the transducer. If there are a number of transducers 12 in the enclosure 11, the relative center of the emission surface of the number of transducers 12 Location, set the water outlet 8b.
  • the washing water in the enclosure 11 first passes through the water outlet 8a, flows through the flow channel 19 between the first enclosure wall 13 and the second enclosure wall 18, or similar enclosure pipes, and then leads to negative pressure from the water outlet 8b 9. Or directly communicate with the negative pressure port 8.
  • a third surrounding wall 21 is provided, and a water outlet 8c is provided between the second surrounding wall 18 and the third surrounding wall 21, or a similar surrounding pipe is used, Construct the first-class channel 22, and set the connection and angle distribution between the water outlets 8a-8b, 8b-8c, 8c-8a, so that the projection on the bottom surface of the enclosure 11 envelops, or most of the "ultrasonic"
  • the bottom surface S2 of the transfer area 17 to avoid the unilateral distribution of the water outlets 8a, 8b, 8c, which causes insufficient cleaning water at certain positions.
  • the cleaning water in the enclosure 11 first passes through the water outlet 8a and passes through the flow channel 19 Then, it flows from the water outlet 8b through the flow channel 22 between the second surrounding wall 18 and the third surrounding wall 21, or a similar surrounding pipe, and leads to the negative pressure 9 through the water outlet 8c, or directly with the negative pressure Port 8 is connected to reduce the phenomenon of washing water fragmentation.
  • a fourth surrounding wall 24 is provided around the periphery of the water outlet 8c, and a water outlet 8d is provided between the third surrounding wall 21 and the fourth surrounding wall 24, or a similar surrounding pipe is used .
  • Build a first-class channel 25 and reasonably set the positions of the four water outlets 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, so that the connection and angle distribution between the water outlets 8a-8b, 8b-8c, 8c-8d, 8d-8a ,
  • the projection on the bottom surface of the enclosure 11 envelops, or mostly envelops, the bottom surface S2 of the "ultrasonic transmission area" 17.
  • the water outlets 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d are arranged at a position higher than the ultrasonic emission surface 16 of the transducer, so that when the cleaning object surface 5 is in a horizontally upward position, the ultrasonic emission surface 16 of the transducer in the enclosure 11 and the cleaning There is enough washing water between the surface 5 of the object.
  • the rear end 15 of the ultrasonic transducer 12 is sealed and waterproof by the first surrounding wall 13, or a similar surrounding tube.
  • a baffle 20 is provided in the flow channel 19, so that the washing water flowing out of the water outlet 8a can only lead to the water outlet 8b from a single direction in the flow channel 19, thereby reducing the phenomenon of turbulent and shattering of the washing water in the flow channel 19.
  • a baffle 23 is provided in the flow channel 22 so that the washing water flowing out of the water outlet 8b flows toward the water outlet 8c through a long path.
  • a partition 26 is provided in the flow channel 25 so that the washing water flowing out of the water outlet 8c flows toward the water outlet 8d through a long path.
  • At least the innermost flow channel 19 is disposed around the rear end 15 of the ultrasonic transducer and contains the piezoelectric ceramic part of the transducer, so that the cleaning water flowing through the flow channels 19, 22, 25 takes away most of the work of the transducer Heat.
  • the water inlet 7a can be directly connected to the surrounding ring 11, or can be injected by the injection force of the water inlet 7, and the pressure differential check valve 27 can prevent the washing water from flowing out of the surrounding ring 11.
  • An ultrasonic cleaning device that closes and moves on the surface of the cleaning object, attaches the cleaning water to the object to be cleaned including the vertical surface, and injects and recovers the cleaning water; while adhering, moving, and cleaning, most of the cleaning water is recovered and then recovered Circulate and use ultrasonic waves to clean the surface of the cleaning object that is much larger than its own area.
  • the cleaning device includes a cleaning mask 1; on the cleaning mask 1, a water inlet 7 and a negative pressure port 8 are provided; on the lower edge 2 of the cleaning mask 1, a flexible body 3 is provided; the water inlet 7 is connected to a water source, a negative pressure port 8 communicates with the negative pressure pump and builds a negative pressure 9 in the cleaning mask 1; the cleaning mask 1, the surface 5 of the cleaning object, and the negative pressure 9 between the flexible body 3 and the surface 5 to jointly construct a closed, negative pressure, and Moving area 6; atmospheric pressure 10 outside the enclosed area 6; the air flow 4 flowing from the outside to the inside under the effect of the pressure difference between inside and outside prevents the washing water in the area 6 from leaking out, as shown in FIG. 4.
  • the present invention needs to solve: there is no shortage of water between the ultrasonic emission surface and the surface 5 of the cleaning object, and there is always enough stagnation of cleaning water that is constantly flowing and updated, and a method of completing the ultrasonic cleaning operation.
  • At least one enclosing ring 11 is provided, an ultrasonic transducer 12 is installed at the upper opening of the enclosing ring 11, and the first enclosing wall 13 and the sealing ring 14 connect the rear of the ultrasonic transducer 12
  • the end 15 is sealed to prevent the infusion of cleaning water; at the appropriate distance Y from the lower ring 11 to the lower mouth, a transducer ultrasonic emission surface 16 is provided;
  • the lower port of the peripheral ring 11 is directly or through smooth, wear-resistant, soft materials and cleaning
  • the surface 5 of the object is in contact, and the lower mouth of the enclosure 11 contains the bottom surface S2 of the "ultrasonic transmission area" 17; the ultrasonic emission surface 16 of the transducer is located at a proper position in the upper and lower mouths of the enclosure 11 and is located in the enclosure 11
  • At least one water inlet 7a and one water outlet 8a are provided inside, as shown in FIG. 5.
  • a second surrounding wall 18 is provided at the periphery of the water outlet 8a.
  • the first surrounding wall 13 and the second surrounding wall 18, or a similar surrounding pipe, are used to construct a first-class channel 19, which directly wraps the water outlet 8a.
  • a water outlet 8b is provided at a radial relative position between the water outlet 8a and the transducer. If there are several transducers in the enclosure 11, the relative position of the center of the collection surface of the several transducer launch surfaces is set to The nozzle 8b is shown in FIG. 6.
  • the washing water in the enclosure 11 first passes through the water outlet 8a, flows through the flow channel 19 between the first enclosure wall 13 and the second enclosure wall 18, or similar enclosure pipes, and then leads to negative pressure from the water outlet 8b 9. Or directly communicate with the negative pressure port 8, so that after the cleaning water is injected from the water inlet 7a, the cleaning water in the surrounding circle 11 is continuously renewed, and the dirt cleaned by the ultrasonic wave is taken away to prevent the dirt from being caught in the surrounding circle 11 Between the bottom surface and the surface 5 of the cleaning object, the cleaning object is worn, as shown in FIG. 7.
  • the cleaning water in the flow channel 19 In the flow process, due to impact and friction, turbulent flow will be generated, and the cleaning water will be quickly broken into a mixed gas and liquid fluid.
  • the shredded washing water becomes lighter-weight water beads, mixed with the airflow, and easily sucked away directly by the negative pressure 9, causing the washing water in the flow channel 19 to quickly fill up to the highest position water outlet 8b. Being sucked out of the flow channel 19 by the negative pressure 9 reduces the water level in the flow channel 19. As a result, the washing water level in the enclosure 11 directly decreases.
  • the washing water in the flow channel 19 When the intensity of the negative pressure 9 and the flow rate and flow rate of the negative pressure airflow are large to a certain extent, the washing water in the flow channel 19 will be completely shattered due to the turbulent flow, and it will become a mixed gas and liquid fluid and be sucked out of the flow channel 19. It stays in the flow channel 19 in a liquid state. Even, the airflow can "break through" the washing water flowing out of the water outlet 8a, so that the washing water in the enclosure 11 also becomes a gas-liquid two-phase mixture. Therefore, even if the water outlet 8b is located at the highest position, the water outlet 8a is located at the highest position, the washing water in the enclosure 11 will still be completely sucked out, as shown in FIG.
  • the intensity of the negative pressure 9 can be adjusted, or the flow rate and flow rate of the negative pressure airflow can be reduced to prevent the washing water in the flow channel 19 from being broken by the airflow, as mentioned above, the main goal of the negative pressure 9 is to build a sufficient strength, The air flow 4 flowing from the outside to the inside prevents the washing water from leaking out. Therefore, the negative pressure 9 will have a certain intensity, and the negative pressure airflow will also have a sufficient flow rate and flow rate. However, the flow rate and flow rate of this negative pressure air flow are often greater than that required to take the washing water out of the water outlet 8b. Therefore, the washing water in the flow channel 19 is easily crushed and sucked out of the flow channel, so that the level of the washing water in the flow channel 19 is rapidly reduced, resulting in a lack of water in the "ultrasonic transmission area" 17.
  • a partition 20 may be provided so that the washing water flowing out through the water outlet 8a can only flow to the water outlet 8b in one direction, so as to reduce the mutual interference of the washing water in the flow channel 19 and reduce turbulence and fragmentation As shown in FIG. 12 for simplicity, the following schematic diagram does not list the barrier 20.
  • a third enclosure 21 is provided on the periphery of the enclosure 18 including the water outlet 8b, and the first enclosure 22 is constructed from the second enclosure 18 and the third enclosure 21, or a similar enclosure, and A water outlet 8c is provided on the flow channel 22, and the positions of the water outlets 8a, 8b, and 8c are reasonably set so that the connection lines and included angles between 8a-8b, 8b-8c, and 8c-8a are distributed in the "ultrasonic"
  • the projection of the bottom surface S2 of the transfer area "17, the envelope, or most of the envelope bottom surface S2, as shown in FIG. 13 if it is distributed to one side, may cause water shortage in the upper half of the inner circle 11 in some cases.
  • the washing water in the enclosure 11 passes through the water outlets 8a and 8b, flows through the flow channel 22 between the second enclosure wall 18 and the third enclosure wall 21, or similar to the enclosure pipe, and then leads to the negative through the water outlet 8c Pressure 9, or directly communicate with the negative pressure port 8, as shown in Figure 14.
  • a partition 23 can be provided in the flow channel 22 to allow the water outlet 8b to lead to the water outlet 8c through a longer path, as shown in FIG. 14.
  • the flow channel 22 is still the same as the flow channel 19, and the washing water will be reduced by the air flow before it fills the water outlet 8c, and the water level will be reduced.
  • the flow channel 19 at this time is the inner front flow channel of the flow channel 22, and the energy flow rate and flow rate of the air flow in the flow channel 19 are significantly reduced, making it difficult for the air flow to "break down" the liquid phase in the flow channel 19
  • the cleaning water is particularly difficult to "break through” the cleaning water flowing through the water outlet 8a in the flow channel 19, that is, the cleaning water in the water outlet 8a, and the washing water in the enclosure 11 are not easy to become a gas-liquid two-phase mixture.
  • a fourth surrounding wall 24 can be provided outside the third surrounding wall 21, and the third surrounding wall 21 and the fourth surrounding wall 24, or a similar surrounding pipe, can be used to construct a first flow path 25, and the flow
  • the channel 25 is provided with a water outlet 8d, and the positions of the four water outlets 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d are reasonably set so that the connection between the water outlets 8a-8b, 8b-8c, 8c-8d, 8d-8a and The angle distribution, in the projection, envelopes, or mostly envelopes, the bottom surface S2 of the "ultrasonic transmission area" 17, as shown in FIG.
  • the water level in the flow channel 25, together with the flow channels 22 and 19, can be kept at a high position, as shown in FIG. There is enough wash water remaining in the circle 11.
  • a partition 26 can be provided to make it easier to retain enough washing water in the enclosure 11, as shown in FIGS. 19 and 20.
  • the water outlet 8a is located at the 9 o'clock position, that is, the "ultrasonic transmission area" 17 is located at the position D in FIG. 3, and the water outlet 8d is approximately at the 3 o'clock position. At this time, the water outlet 8c is located at the highest position at 12 o'clock. There is sufficient washing water in 19 and in the circle 11, as shown in FIG. 21.
  • the water outlet 8a is located at the 3 o'clock position, that is, the "ultrasonic transmission area" 17 is located at the reverse of the position D in FIG. 3, and the water outlet 8d is approximately at the 9 o'clock position. At this time, the water outlet 8b is located at the highest position at 12 o'clock. Therefore, There is sufficient washing water in the flow channels 22 and 19 and the enclosure 11 as shown in FIG. 22.
  • the water outlet 8a, and/or 8b, 8c, 8d, etc. are provided, which is higher than the position of the ultrasonic emission surface 16 of the transducer.
  • the surface 5 of the cleaning object is positioned horizontally upward, as shown in position A of FIG.
  • there is enough stagnation of cleaning water without being broken by the airflow as shown in FIG. 23.
  • the water inlet 7a may be introduced at an appropriate position in the upper opening of the enclosure 11 or in the middle. It is also possible to inject into the surrounding circle 11 from the bottom of the surrounding circle 11 by the pressure jet impact force, and the differential pressure check valve 27 on the surrounding circle 11 prevents the washing water from flowing out of the surrounding circle 11 as shown in FIG. 26.

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Cleaning By Liquid Or Steam (AREA)

Abstract

一种在超声波发射面与清洗物表面之间保持清洗水的结构，在一负压区域（9）内，至少设置有一个围圈（11），在围圈（11）内至少设置有一个入水口（7a）、一个出水口（8a），在围圈（11）离下口合适距离Y上，设置换能器超声波发射面（16），围圈（11）的下口直接或通过滑爽、柔软材料与清洗物表面（5）接触，并包含超声传递区域（17）底面S2，同时由第一围壁（13）和第二围壁（18）构建一流道（19），直接把出水口（8a）包裹在流道内；该结构能够在超声波发射面与清洗物表面之间始终保持有足够多滞留，同时又不间断流动更新的清洗水，完成超声波清洗作业、及时带走清洗污物。

Description

一种在超声波发射面与清洗物表面之间保持清洗水的结构 技术领域
本申请涉及清洗技术领域 ，尤其涉及一种在超声波发射面与清洗物表面之间保持清洗水的结构。
 背景技术
超声波清洗是超声波的一种常见应用。在现有技术中，超声波清洗一般会把清洗物放进盛有清洗水的容器中，通过向容器内的清洗水释放超声波来完成超声清洗作业。或对管道内壁的清洗，通过管壁向管道内的流体释放超声波实现超声波清洗。 它们的特点是把清洗物 (清洗物表面) 浸没在盛水容器 (管道) 中，通过向容器 (管道) 壁，或通过在容器 (管道) 中置入带有超声波换能器 (振子、振板、振棒等) 向清洗水释放超声波，完成超声清洗作业。这种常规方法，一般不会发生超声波发射面与清洗物表面之间缺水的情况。
专利201820488514.X (同族发明：201810304394.8) 提出了：凸出于清洗物表面，建立一个封闭、移动区域，通过向该区域内的清洗水释放超声波，来完成对清洗物表面超声清洗的方法。
其中，清洗物表面成为清洗水“容器”的一部分，通过负压封闭、移动的方法，逐一清洗清洗物表面，来实现对整个清洗物表面清洗的目标。
在本发明中，清洗物表面以水平面为基础，可以是水平朝上的、也可以是垂直的，或大于垂直的角度；清洗物表面可以是平整面、也可以有适度的“形状起伏”(比如汽车表面、设备、建筑的凹、凸面等)。
同时，在本发明中，因移动清洗，换能器超声波发射面会在清洗物表面上转动，而这种转动不应受到限制。
在上述情况下，很容易出现换能器超声波发射面与清洗物表面之间缺水、无法完成超声波清洗作业。
 技术问题
本发明提出一种方法：解决超声波发射面与清洗物表面之间缺水的问题，使得它们之间始终保持有足够多滞留、同时又不间断流动更新的清洗水，既有效充当超声波传递介质来完成超声清洗作业，又带走清洗污物。
 技术解决方案
今天，汽车、特别是小型汽车，已经非常普及，成为人们生活工作、休闲娱乐必不可少的工具。在日常使用中，如何保持一辆汽车的干净成为一个凸出的问题。
专利201820488514.X (同族发明：201810304394.8) 提出了一种在清洗物表面上封闭移动、超声波清洗装置。其中，如何保持超声波发射面与清洗物表面之间不出现缺水，始终保持有足够多滞留、同时又不间断流动更新的清洗水是本发明要解决的问题。
超声波清洗离不开清洗介质和超声波传递介质。在实际应用中，水是最常见的超声波清洗及传递介质。大功率超声波、或聚焦后的超声波，也可以通过空气传递。本发明主要讨论超声波通过水介质传递的情况。
设一超声波换能器，其超声波发射面为S1，如图 1 所示，发射面 S1到清洗物表面之间的距离为 Y，换能器发出的超声波经距离 Y 后，有效作用到清洗物的表面为 S2。这样，就形成了一个区域，如图2所示，简称为“超声传递区域”。
为使清洗下来的污物能及时排出“超声传递区域”，该区域设有入水口和出水口，入水口不断向“超声传递区域”内注入清洗水，而出水口及时带走清洗下来的污物，以保证“超声传递区域”内有不间断流动更新的清洗水。出水口如图 3 中 (8a) 所示。
通常，清洗物表面会呈现从水平朝上到垂直的角度范围，间或也会大于这个角度，即大于水平面上半球的角度。同时，“超声传递区域”在沿清洗物表面封闭移动时，自身会在清洗物表面上任意转动，如图 3 所示。因此，如何在带有出水口 (8a) 的“超声传递区域”内，保持有足够多滞留、同时又不间断流动更新的清洗水，就成为一个问题。
在图 3 中，位置A的“超声传递区域”相当于清洗物表面水平朝上；位置B、C、D、E、F，相当于清洗物表面垂直；位置G、H，相当于清洗物表面大于垂直角度，即，在大于水平面上半球的角度范围内，“超声传递区域”在沿清洗物表面“公转”。
在图 3 中，位置B、G的“超声传递区域”出水口 (8a) 朝上 (即：出水口 (8a) 位于“超声传递区域”的最高位置，或 12 点钟位置)；从位置B 到F，出水口 (8a) 从朝上，转动到朝下 (即：出水口 (8a) 位于“超声传递区域”的最低位置，或 6 点钟位置)。这些不同位置，相当于“超声传递区域”在清洗物表面上360°“自转”。
带有出水口 (8a) 的“超声传递区域”在上述“公转”、“自传”的任意位置上，“超声传递区域”内必须始终保持有足够多滞留、同时又不间断流动更新的清洗水，不会因为出水口 (8a) 朝下 (如图3位置F、H、I) 而清空“超声传递区域”内的清洗水，造成超声清洗无法作业；或者，出水口 (8a) 位于水平位置 (如图 3位置 D，或 9 点钟位置)，使“超声传递区域”内的清洗水减半，降低效果。
“动态”是指，在该区域内，清洗水不间断流进、并随时流出更新；“动态”清洗水带走了清洗下来的污物，同时，防止清洗污物夹持在清洗物表面损伤清洗物。
“滞留”是指，在该区域内，保持足够多留存、并随时更新的清洗水；“滞留”的清洗水充当了超声波传递介质，完成超声波清洗作业。
 有益效果
本申请的有益效果是：
本发明从本质上解决了在超声波发射面与清洗物表面之间，始终保持有足够多滞留、同时又不间断流动更新的清洗水，完成超声波清洗作业、及时带走清洗污物的方法。这种方法对于从清洗物表面水平朝上、到清洗物表面垂直，并到清洗物表面大于垂直的角度内都有效；并对超声波发射面在清洗物表面上任意转动的情况下都有效。本发明从本质上突破了现有技术的超声波清洗方法，实现了局部凸出于清洗物表面上的超声波清洗作业。本发明使得以小超声波发射面，清洗比该发射面大得多的清洗物表面得以实际实施。
 附图说明
图1、本发明超声波换能器示意图；
图2、本发明“超声波传递区域”示意图；
图3、本发明“超声波传递区域”“公转”、“自转”示意图；
图4、本发明总体构造示意图及外围部件示意图；
图5、本发明总体构造示意图；
图6、本发明围壁等示意图一；
图7、本发明清洗水在流道内走向示意图一；
图8、本发明出水口位置及水位示意图；
图9、本发明水位示意图一；
图10、本发明水位示意图二；
图11、本发明气流“击穿”清洗水示意图；
图12、本发明流道内隔挡示意图一；
图13、本发明出水口间连线包络“超声传递区域”示意图一；
图14、本发明清洗水在流道内走向示意图二；
图15、本发明出水口气流“阻断”示意图；
图16、本发明水位示意图三；
图17、本发明水位示意图四；
图18、本发明水位示意图五；
图19、本发明出水口间连线包络“超声传递区域”示意图二；
图20、本发明水位示意图六；
图21、本发明水位示意图七；
图22、本发明水位示意图八；
图23、本发明出水口位置高于超声波发射面位置示意图；
图24、本发明大于垂直角度水位示意图一；
图25、本发明大于垂直角度水位示意图二；
图26、本发明入水口示意图。
 本发明的实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明做详细说明。
一种在超声波发射面与清洗物表面之间保持清洗水的结构，其特征在于：在一负压区域9内，至少设置有一个围圈11，在所述围圈11内，至少设置有一个超声波换能器12，并至少设置有一个入水口7a、一个出水口8a，在所述围圈11离下口合适距离Y上，设置换能器超声波发射面16，所述围圈11的下口直接、或通过滑爽、柔软材料与清洗物表面5接触，包含“超声传递区域”17底面S2，并由第一围壁13和第二围壁18，或用类似的围管，构建一流道19，直接把出水口8a包裹在所述流道19内。在流道19上、及出水口8a与换能器径向相对位置设置有出水口8b，如果围圈11内有若干个换能器12，以若干个换能器12发射面集合中心的相对位置，设置出水口8b。围圈11内的清洗水，先通过出水口8a，流经第一围壁13与第二围壁18之间，或类似的围管，的流道19，再从出水口8b通向负压9、或直接与负压口8相通。在第二围壁18包含出水口8b的外围，设置有一第三围壁21，并设置有出水口8c，在第二围壁18与第三围壁21之间，或用类似的围管，构建一流道22，并设置出水口8a-8b、8b-8c、8c-8a之间的连线及夹角分布，使得在围圈11底面的投影，包络、或大部分包络了“超声传递区域”17的底面S2，以避免出水口8a、8b、8c单侧分布造成在某些位置下清洗水不足的情况，所述围圈11内的清洗水，先通过出水口8a经流道19后，再从出水口8b流经第二围壁18与第三围壁21之间，或类似的围管，的流道22，并经出水口8c通向负压9、或直接与负压口8相通，以减少清洗水碎化现象。在第三围壁21外，包裹出水口8c的外围，设置有第四围壁24，并设置有出水口8d，第三围壁21和第四围壁24之间，或用类似的围管，构建一流道25，并合理设置4个出水口8a、8b、8c、8d的位置，使得出水口8a-8b、8b-8c、8c-8d、8d-8a之间的连线与夹角分布，在围圈11底面的投影，包络、或大部分包络了“超声传递区域”17的底面S2。出水口8a、8b、8c、8d设置在高于换能器超声波发射面16的位置，使得当清洗物表面5位于水平向上位置时，在围圈11内的换能器超声波发射面16与清洗物表面5之间有足够的清洗水。由第一围壁13、或类似的围管，将超声波换能器12的后端15密封防水。在流道19内设置有隔挡20，使出水口8a流出的清洗水，在流道19内只能从单一方向通向出水口8b，降低清洗水在流道19内湍流碎化现象。在流道22内设置有隔挡23，使出水口8b流出的清洗水，通过较长路径流向出水口8c。在流道25内设置有隔挡26，使出水口8c流出的清洗水，通过较长路径流向出水口8d。至少最内侧流道19设置在围绕超声换能器的后端15包含换能器压电陶瓷部分，使得流经流道19、22、25内的清洗水带走换能器工作产生的大部分热量。所述的入水口7a，可以直接接入所述围圈11，或者，可以通过入水口7的喷射力冲击注入，由压差单向阀27阻止清洗水反流出围圈11。
一种在清洗物表面上，封闭移动的超声波清洗装置，将清洗水附着在被清洗物包括垂直表面，边注入、边回收清洗水；边附着、边移动、边清洗，清洗水大部分回收再循环，并利用超声波来清洗比自身面积大得多的清洗物表面。
清洗装置含有清洗面罩1；在清洗面罩1上，设置有入水口7和负压口8；在清洗面罩1的下沿口2，设置有柔性体3；入水口7与水源相连，负压口8与负压泵连通，并在清洗面罩1内构建负压9；清洗面罩1、清洗物表面5、以及柔性体3与表面5之间的负压9，共同构建一封闭、负压、可移动区域6；在封闭区域6外为大气压10；在内、外压差作用下，由外向内流动的气流4阻止了区域6内清洗水外泄，如图4所示。
以上为本发明的外围部件及构造。
本发明需要解决：在超声波发射面与清洗物表面5之间不会缺水，始终保持有足够多滞留、同时又不间断流动更新的清洗水，完成超声波清洗作业的方法。
本发明在负压区域9中，至少设置有一个围圈11，该围圈11的上口安装有超声波换能器12，由第一围壁13、封圈14将超声波换能器12的后端15密封，防止清洗水灌入；在围圈11离下口合适距离Y，设置换能器超声波发射面16；围圈11的下口直接、或通过爽滑、耐磨、柔软材料与清洗物表面5接触，围圈11的下口包含了“超声传递区域”17的底面S2；换能器超声波发射面16即S1位于围圈11上口与下口中的合当位置，在围圈11内至少设置有一个入水口7a、一个出水口8a，如图5所示。
在出水口8a的外围，设置第二围壁18，由第一围壁13和第二围壁18，或用类似的围管，构建一流道19，直接把出水口8a包裹在内，同时，在流道19上、在出水口8a与换能器径向相对位置设置出水口8b如果围圈11内有若干个换能器，以若干个换能器发射面集合中心的相对位置，设置出水口8b，如图6所示。
围圈11内的清洗水，先通过出水口8a，流经第一围壁13与第二围壁18之间，或类似的围管，的流道19，再从出水口8b通向负压9、或直接与负压口8相通，使得清洗水从入水口7a注入后，不断流动更新围圈11内的清洗水，带走超声波清洗下来的污物，防止污物夹持在围圈11底面与清洗物表面5之间，磨损清洗物，如图7所示。
下面说明，当清洗物表面5位于垂直状态时，如何保持“超声传递区域”17内有足够“动态滞留”清洗水的具体实施方式。
在清洗物表面5上，当“超声传递区域”17的出水口8a，“自传”到朝上最高、12点钟位置，如图3位置B、G，按设置的出水口8b，这时基本位于朝下最低、6点钟位置，围圈11内的清洗水，需要翻过最高位置的出水口8a，经过流道19，再流向最低位置的出水口8b，通向负压9。在通常情况下，这时围圈11内有足够多滞留的清洗水，如图8所示。
当“超声传递区域”17的出水口8a，“自传”到朝下最低、6点钟位置，如图3的位置F、H、I，按设置的出水口8b位于朝上最高、12点钟位置，围圈11内的清洗水，经最低位置出水口8a流出，并经过流道19后，翻过最高位置出水口8b才能流出。在通常情况下，围圈11内仍然有足够多滞留的清洗水，如图9所示。
由于出水口8b直接通向负压9，或直接与负压口8相通，在一定强度的负压9作用下，或在一定流速、流量的负压气流作用下，流道19内的清洗水在流动过程中，因撞击、摩擦，会产生湍流，清洗水会被迅速碎化，成为气、液两相混合流体。碎化后的清洗水，成为质量较轻的水珠，与气流混合，很容易被负压9直接吸走，造成流道19内的清洗水，在灌满到最高位置出水口8b之前，迅速被负压9吸出流道19，降低了流道19内的水位，其结果直接导致了围圈11内清洗水水位下降，虽然此时出水口8b位于最高位置，仍然无法灌满“超声传递区域”17，如图10所示出水口8a处于最高位置时同理。即，在围圈11内，无法获得足够多“动态滞留”清洗水。此时，前文所述的“在通常情况下”不再适用。
当负压9强度、以及负压气流的流速、流量大到一定程度，流道19内的清洗水会因湍流被全部碎化，变为气、液两相混合流体吸出流道19，不会以液相状态滞留在流道19内。甚至，气流还能“击穿”出水口8a流出的清洗水，使清洗水在围圈11内也成为气、液两相混合体。因此，既使出水口8b位于最高位置出水口8a位于最高位置同理，围圈11内的清洗水仍然会被全部吸出，如图11所示。
虽然可以调节负压9的强度，或降低负压气流的流速、流量，来避免流道19内清洗水被气流碎化，但是，如前文所述，负压9的主要目标是构建足够强度、由外向内流动的气流4，阻止清洗水外泄。因此，负压9就会有一定强度、负压气流也会有足够流速、流量。而这种负压气流的流速、流量往往大于带走出水口8b的清洗水所需要的。因此，流道19内的清洗水很容易被碎化、吸出流道，使流道19内的清洗水水位迅速降低，造成“超声传递区域”17内缺水。
在上述流道19内，可以设置一隔挡20，使得经出水口8a流出的清洗水，只能单一方向流向出水口8b，以降低清洗水在流道19内相互干扰，减少湍流和碎化，如图12所示为简明起见，后续示意图未列出该隔挡20。
为解决上述问题，在围壁18包含出水口8b的外围，设置一个第三围壁21，由第二围壁18和第三围壁21，或用类似的围管，构建一流道22，并在该流道22上设置有出水口8c，并合理设置出水口8a、8b、8c的位置，使得8a-8b、8b-8c、8c-8a之间的连线及夹角分布，在“超声传递区域”17底面S2的投影，包络、或大部分包络底面S2，如图13所示如果偏向单侧分布，则在某些情况下会造成围圈11内上半侧缺水。围圈11内的清洗水，经出水口8a、8b后，流经第二围壁18与第三围壁21之间，或类似围管，的流道22，再经出水口8c通向负压9、或直接与负压口8相通，如图14所示。
为进一步减少负压9对清洗水的碎化作用，同理，可以在流道22内设置隔挡23，使出水口8b通过较长路径通向出水口8c，如图14所示。
这时，由于流道22包裹在流道19外，或在流道19后，气流需要经过流道22才能作用到流道19内，使得流道19内的清洗水受到气流碎化的影响迅速降低，比起没有外后流道22的情况，流道19内容易“滞留”以液相为主的清洗水，并保持在一定高度的水位上。
如前文所述，流道22仍然像流道19一样，清洗水在灌满出水口8c前，会受到气流碎化作用而降低水位。但关键是：此时的流道19是流道22的内前流道，在流道19内，气流的能量流速、流量明显降低，使得气流不容易“击穿”流道19内的液相清洗水，特别不容易“击穿”流道19内、流经出水口8a的清洗水即出水口8a中、以及围圈11内的清洗水不容易成为气、液两相混合体，“阻断”了出水口8c的气流与围圈11内空气的连通，如图15所示。这种“阻断”反过来使负压气流流速、流量急剧下降。在流道22内，因缺少气流成分，气流碎化、吸走清洗水的能力迅速减弱，有效控制了水位降低，如图16所示。当流道22内水位在“超声传递区域”17底面S2边界附近时，保证了足够多“滞留”的清洗水作为超声波传递介质，用于超声波清洗作业。
上述说明了出水口8a位于最低位置6点钟时的情况。当出水口8a位于9点钟位置，即“超声传递区域”17位于图3位置D时，按设置的出水口8b应高于出水口8a位置。这时，因气流碎化清洗水的能力已经明显下降，流道19内，以及围圈11内都有足够多滞留的清洗水，如图17所示。
同理，当出水口8a位于3点钟位置，即“超声传递区域”17位于图3位置D的反方向时，出水口8c应高于出水口8a位置，围圈11内有足够多滞留的清洗水，如图18所示如果出水口8a、8b、8c偏向单侧安排，上述情况会造成围圈11内的上半侧缺水。
以此类推，可以在第三围壁21外，再设置第四围壁24，由第三围壁21和第四围壁24，或用类似的围管，构建一流道25，并在该流道25上设置有出水口8d，并合理设置4个出水口8a、8b、8c、8d的位置，使得出水口8a-8b、8b-8c、8c-8d、8d-8a之间的连线及夹角分布，在投影上，包络、或大部分包络了“超声传递区域”17的底面S2，如图19所示。这时，在流道25内，气流碎化清洗水的能力急剧减少，流道25内的水位，与流道22、19一起，都可以保持在较高位置，如图20所示，使得围圈11内有足够多滞留的清洗水。
同理，可以设置隔挡26，使围圈11内更容易滞留足够多清洗水，如图19、20所示。
对于出水口8a位于9点钟位置，即“超声传递区域”17位于图3位置D，出水口8d大致位于3点钟位置，这时，出水口8c位于12点的最高位置，因此，流道19内，以及围圈11内清洗水充足，如图21所示。
对于出水口8a位于3点钟位置，即“超声传递区域”17位于图3位置D反向，出水口8d大致位于9点钟位置，这时，出水口8b位于12点的最高位置，因此，流道22、19内，以及围圈11内清洗水充足，如图22所示。
上述说明了当清洗物表面5位于垂直状态时、并当“超声传递区域”17在清洗物表面上360°“自传”时，围圈11内都始终保持有足够多滞留、同时又不间断流动更新清洗水的具体实施方法。
在上述基础上，设置出水口8a，及/或8b、8c、8d等，高于换能器超声波发射面16的位置，当清洗物表面5位于水平向上位置时如图3位置A，在换能器超声波发射面16与清洗物表面5之间都有足够多滞留的清洗水，而不会被气流碎化，如图23所示。
结合前文所述，在清洗物表面5从水平朝上到垂直的任意角度内，无论“超声传递区域”17在清洗物表面上“自传”到何种位置，围圈11内都有足够多“动态滞留”清洗水，用作超声波传递介质，完成超声波清洗作业。
对于大于水平面上半球的角度的清洗物表面5，如图3位置G、H，按本发明的方法，围圈11内仍然能获得适量清洗水来完成超声波清洗作业，如图24、25所示。
入水口7a可以如图4、5所示，在围圈11的上口，或中部适当位置引入。也可以从围圈11底部，通过压力喷射冲击力注入围圈11内，并由围圈11上的压差单向阀27阻止清洗水反流出围圈11，如图26所示。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种在超声波发射面与清洗物表面之间保持清洗水的结构，其特征在于：在一负压区域 (9) 内，至少设置有一个围圈 (11)，在所述围圈 (11) 内，至少设置有一个超声波换能器 (12)，并至少设置有一个入水口 (7a)、一个出水口 (8a)，在所述围圈 (11) 离下口合适距离Y 上，设置换能器超声波发射面 (16)，所述围圈 (11) 的下口直接、或通过滑爽、柔软材料与清洗物表面 (5) 接触，包含“超声传递区域”(17) 底面 S2，并由第一围壁(13)和第二围壁(18)构建一流道 (19)，直接把出水口(8a) 包裹在所述流道 (19) 内。
  2. 按权利要求1 所述的一种在超声波发射面与清洗物表面之间保持清洗水的结构，其特征在于：在流道 (19) 上、及出水口 (8a) 与换能器径向相对位置设置有出水口 (8b) ，如果围圈 (11) 内有若干个换能器，以若干个换能器发射面集合中心的相对位置，设置出水口 (8b)；围圈 (11) 内的清洗水，先通过出水口(8a)，流经第一围壁 (13) 与第二围壁 (18) 之间的流道 (19)，再从出水口(8b)通向负压区域(9)、或直接与负压口 (8) 相通。
  3. 按权利要求2所述的一种在超声波发射面与清洗物表面之间保持清洗水的结构，其特征在于：在第二围壁 (18) 包含出水口 (8b) 的外围，设置有第三围壁 (21)，并设置有出水口 (8c)，在第二围壁 (18) 与第三围壁(21) 之间构建一流道 (22)，并设置出水口 (8a) -出水口(8b)、出水口(8b) -出水口(8c)、出水口(8c) -出水口(8a) 之间的连线及夹角分布，使得在围圈 (11) 底面的投影，包络、或大部分包络了“超声传递区域” (17) 的底面 S2，以避免出水口 (8a)、出水口(8b)、出水口(8c) 单侧分布造成在某些位置下清洗水不足的情况，所述围圈 (11) 内的清洗水，先通过出水口 (8a) 经流道 (19) 后，再从出水口 (8b) 流经第二围壁 (18) 与第三围壁 (21) 之间的流道 (22)，并经出水口 (8c) 通向负压区域(9)、或直接与负压口 (8) 相通。
  4. 按权利要求3所述的一种在超声波发射面与清洗物表面之间保持清洗水的结构，其特征在于：在第三围壁 (21) 外，包裹出水口 (8c) 的外围，设置有第四围壁 (24)，并设置有出水口 (8d)，第三围壁 (21)和第四围壁(24) 之间构建一流道 (25)，并合理设置4个出水口 (8a)、出水口(8b)、出水口(8c)、出水口(8d) 的位置，使得出水口(8a) -出水口(8b)、出水口(8b) -出水口(8c)、出水口(8c) -出水口(8d)、出水口(8d) -出水口(8a)之间的连线与夹角分布，在围圈 (11) 底面的投影，包络、或大部分包络了“超声传递区域”(17)的底面S2。
  5. 按权利要求4所述的一种在超声波发射面与清洗物表面之间保持清洗水的结构，其特征在于：出水口 (8a)、出水口(8b)、出水口(8c)、出水口(8d) 设置在高于换能器超声波发射面 (16) 的位置，使得当清洗物表面 (5) 位于水平向上位置时，在围圈 (11) 内的换能器超声波发射面 (16) 与清洗物表面 (5) 之间有足够的清洗水。
  6. 按权利要求1 所述的一种在超声波发射面与清洗物表面之间保持清洗水的结构，其特征在于：由第一围壁 (13)将超声波换能器 (12) 的后端 (15) 密封防水。
  7. 按权利要求2所述的一种在超声波发射面与清洗物表面之间保持清洗水的结构，其特征在于：在流道 (19) 内设置有隔挡 (20)，使出水口 (8a) 流出的清洗水，在流道 (19) 内只能从单一方向通向出水口 (8b)，降低清洗水在流道 (19) 内湍流碎化现象。
  8. 按权利要求3所述的一种在超声波发射面与清洗物表面之间保持清洗水的结构，其特征在于：在流道 (22) 内设置有隔挡 (23)，使出水口 (8b) 流出的清洗水，通过较长路径流向出水口 (8c)。
  9. 按权利要求4 所述的一种在超声波发射面与清洗物表面之间保持清洗水的结构，其特征在于：在流道 (25) 内设置有隔挡 (26)，使出水口 (8c) 流出的清洗水，通过较长路径流向出水口 (8d)。
  10. 按权利要求 2至4中任一项所述的一种在超声波发射面与清洗物表面之间保持清洗水的结构，其特征在于：至少最内侧流道 (19) 设置在围绕超声换能器（12）的后端 (15) ，所述超声波换能器（12）的后端（15）包含换能器压电陶瓷部分，从而使得流经流道 (19)、流道(22)、流道(25) 内的清洗水带走超声波换能器（12）工作产生的大部分热量。
  11. 按权利要求 1 所述的一种在超声波发射面与清洗物表面之间保持清洗水的结构，其特征在于：所述的入水口 (7a)，可以直接接入所述围圈 (11)，或者，可以通过入水口7的喷射力冲击注入，由压差单向阀 (27) 阻止清洗水反流出围圈 (11)。
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