WO2020134843A1 - 一种聚碳酸酯组合物及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents

一种聚碳酸酯组合物及其制备方法和应用 Download PDF

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WO2020134843A1
WO2020134843A1 PCT/CN2019/121727 CN2019121727W WO2020134843A1 WO 2020134843 A1 WO2020134843 A1 WO 2020134843A1 CN 2019121727 W CN2019121727 W CN 2019121727W WO 2020134843 A1 WO2020134843 A1 WO 2020134843A1
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polycarbonate
weight
stearate
lubricants
parts
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PCT/CN2019/121727
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English (en)
French (fr)
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岑茵
吴俊�
黄险波
叶南飚
赵体鹏
艾军伟
陈勇文
董相茂
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金发科技股份有限公司
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Priority to JP2021537191A priority Critical patent/JP2022515279A/ja
Priority to US17/417,773 priority patent/US20220073736A1/en
Priority to EP19905596.3A priority patent/EP3889219A4/en
Priority to KR1020217022192A priority patent/KR102631636B1/ko
Publication of WO2020134843A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020134843A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L69/00—Compositions of polycarbonates; Compositions of derivatives of polycarbonates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/022—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
    • C08J3/12—Powdering or granulating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
    • C08K5/09—Carboxylic acids; Metal salts thereof; Anhydrides thereof
    • C08K5/098—Metal salts of carboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
    • C08K5/10—Esters; Ether-esters
    • C08K5/101—Esters; Ether-esters of monocarboxylic acids
    • C08K5/103—Esters; Ether-esters of monocarboxylic acids with polyalcohols
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2201/00—Properties
    • C08L2201/10—Transparent films; Clear coatings; Transparent materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2203/00—Applications
    • C08L2203/30—Applications used for thermoforming
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
    • C08L2205/025—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group containing two or more polymers of the same hierarchy C08L, and differing only in parameters such as density, comonomer content, molecular weight, structure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of polymer composite materials, in particular to a polycarbonate composition and a preparation method and application thereof.
  • PC polycarbonate
  • High-viscosity polycarbonate has good toughness, but poor processability due to low fluidity. It is a well-known practice to add low-molecular-weight polyesters to improve overall fluidity. However, this method of improving fluidity will cause other components in the composition, such as fillers and flame retardants, to be difficult to uniformly disperse in the overall composition system due to self-polymerization. The uneven flow leads to poor melt uniformity and toughness of the product, corresponding to poor flame retardant effect and poor overall performance.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above technical defects and provide a polycarbonate composition, which has the advantages of high transparency, good extrusion melt uniformity and the like.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the above polycarbonate composition and its application.
  • a polycarbonate composition in parts by weight, including 100 parts of polycarbonate; wherein, based on the total weight percentage of polycarbonate, the polycarbonate consists of 10-40% weight average molecular weight of 18000-25000 One polycarbonate, 20-60% second polycarbonate with a weight average molecular weight of 27000-35000, and 20-60% third polycarbonate with a branching degree of 2-7 and a weight average molecular weight of 25000-30000.
  • Polycarbonate can be interfacially reacted with a basic aqueous solution of a certain amount of dihydric phenol or a combination of dihydric phenol or an inert solvent of phosgene in the presence of one or more catalysts, or through a Or a variety of aromatic dihydroxy compounds and carbonic acid diester transesterification reaction to produce.
  • the one or more dihydroxy aromatic compounds that can be used in the transesterification reaction can include a dihydric phenol, or a combination of dihydric phenols, or a bisphenol, or a combination of bisphenols, or one or more dihydric phenols and A combination of one or more bisphenols.
  • dihydric phenols include, but are not limited to resorcinol, resatecinol, catechol, hydroquinone, or 2- Methylhydroquinone (2-methylhydroquioninone) and similar substances.
  • bisphenols include, but are not limited to bisphenol A (BPA), 4,4'-dihydroxybiphenyl, 1,1-bis(4-dihydroxy-3-methylphenyl)cyclohexane, 4,4 '-(1-phenylethylidene)bisphenol, 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenylsulfone, 4,4'-cyclohexylidenebisphenol and similar substances.
  • commonly used carbonic acid diester reactants include diaryl carbonates, such as diphenyl carbonate (DPC), or activated diaryl carbonates, such as dimethyl salicyl carbonate (BMSC).
  • the weight average molecular weight of polycarbonate can be controlled by adding molecular chain regulators with certain functional groups, such as phenolic compounds or alkylphenols, especially phenol, tertiary phenol, cumylphenol, isooctyl One or a combination of phenol and the like is added at a specific time during the polymerization reaction to control the weight average molecular weight of the final product.
  • molecular chain regulators with certain functional groups such as phenolic compounds or alkylphenols, especially phenol, tertiary phenol, cumylphenol, isooctyl
  • the degree of branching refers to the number of heavy branching points per unit volume or the average relative molecular weight of the branching points.
  • Branched polycarbonate is a polyfunctional organic compound added during polymerization: a mixture of hydroxyl, carboxyl, carboxylic anhydride, haloformyl, and the above functional groups.
  • it may include trimellitic acid, trimellitic anhydride, trimellitic chloride (trimellitic trichloride), tri-p-hydroxybenzene ethane, isatin bisphenol, triphenol TC (1,3,5-tris ((p-hydroxyphenyl) Isopropyl)benzene), triphenol PC (4(4(1,1-bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)-ethyl) ⁇ , ⁇ -dimethylbenzyl)phenol), 4-chloroformyl ortho Phthalic anhydride, trimesic acid, benzophenone tetracarboxylic acid, 1,1,1-tris(hydroxyphenyl)ethane (THPE), triethylamine, etc.
  • the above-mentioned multifunctional organic compound is also called a branch
  • the branched polycarbonate can be prepared by introducing a branching agent as a dissolved component in the solvent into the melting process.
  • branching agents that generally exhibit a relatively high melting point can be introduced as reactants into the melt polymerization process without the need for the increased amount of energy normally required to melt the branching agent monomer, so that It is in a molten state during the melting process before reacting with other polycarbonate forming reactants.
  • the branching agent, diphenol and molecular weight regulator may be added to the alkaline aqueous phase in advance at a predetermined ratio, or dissolved in the organic phase.
  • the amount of the branching agent added may be calculated according to the amount of branching desired in the final branched polycarbonate, or a terminating agent or a blocking agent may be added during the reaction to terminate the reaction.
  • the first polycarbonate and the second polycarbonate may be linear or branched; preferably, the first polycarbonate and the second polycarbonate are linear.
  • the polycarbonate is selected from polycarbonate synthesized by an interfacial method. Since the polycarbonate synthesized by the interfacial method uses phosgene, the characteristic peak of chloride ion can be detected according to the polycarbonate volatile matter test method described below.
  • Polycarbonate volatile content test method including the following steps:
  • the temperature of desorption and enrichment is 100-140°C, and the time of desorption and enrichment is 1-3 hours. If the desorption temperature is too high, some structurally unstable components will undergo irreversible changes that affect the judgment of the final result; if the desorption temperature is too low, it will not be enough to allow the volatiles to volatilize, such as phenol.
  • the enrichment temperature is 30-50°C lower than the desorption temperature.
  • the enrichment temperature is 30-50 degrees lower than the desorption temperature in order to completely retain all components.
  • the preferred chromatography column of the gas-mass spectrometer is a siloxane column
  • the column temperature can be up to 300°C
  • the elution temperature is 25°C-300°C
  • the elution time is 30-90min.
  • Polysiloxane columns containing a certain amount of phenyl content are not likely to tail the volatile substances of polycarbonate, and the separation effect of siloxanes is good.
  • the lubricants are selected from stearate lubricants, fatty acid lubricants, and stearate lubricants.
  • the stearate lubricant is selected from at least one of calcium stearate, magnesium stearate, and zinc stearate
  • the fatty acid lubricant is selected from fatty acids, fatty acid derivatives, At least one fatty acid ester
  • the stearate lubricant is selected from at least one of glyceryl monostearate and pentaerythritol stearate;
  • it is at least one selected from stearate lubricants.
  • the light transmittance of the polycarbonate composition indicates the refractive index of the microstructure inside the material and the number and degree of dispersion of the low-light-transmitting structure. If the refractive index of the internal microstructure of the material is uniform, the low-light-transmitting structure is less and the distribution is uniform , The overall light transmittance of the material is high.
  • a method for preparing the above-mentioned polycarbonate composition includes the following steps: mixing polycarbonate and lubricant in a high-mixer according to the ratio, and then adding it to a twin-screw extruder at 240°C- Melt mixing was performed at a temperature of 260°C, and then pelletized, cooled, and dried to obtain a polycarbonate composition.
  • the present invention solves the defect of poor melt uniformity of the product after mixing low-viscosity and high-viscosity polycarbonate by adding a third polycarbonate with a branching degree of 2-7 and a weight average molecular weight of 25000-30000, and, because With a certain degree of branching, the free volume inside the material is filled uniformly, reducing or even eliminating the phenomenon of uneven refractive index of the internal structure of the material, so transparency is increased (transparency is a comprehensive indicator of light transmittance and haze, transparency The higher, the smaller the haze, the higher the light transmittance).
  • the sources of raw materials used in the present invention are as follows, but are not limited by the following raw materials.
  • the first polycarbonate A weight-average molecular weight of 20,000, linear, synthesized by interface method
  • the first polycarbonate B weight average molecular weight is 20,000, branching degree is 5, synthesis by interface method;
  • Second polycarbonate weight average molecular weight is 33000, linear, synthesized by interface method
  • Third polycarbonate weight average molecular weight is 27000, branching degree is 5, synthesis by interface method;
  • Polycarbonate C weight average molecular weight 27,000, no branching, synthesis by interface method
  • Lubricant A Glycerol monostearate; Fine Organic, stearate lubricant;
  • Lubricant B zinc phosphate stearate; Fine Organic, stearate lubricant;
  • Antioxidant ADEKA 2112, Edico;
  • the preparation method of the polycarbonate composites of the examples and comparative examples the polycarbonate, lubricant and antioxidant are mixed evenly in the high mixer according to the ratio, and then added to the twin screw extruder at 240 °C- It is melt-mixed at a temperature of 260°C, and then pelletized, cooled, and dried to obtain a polycarbonate composite material.
  • Extrusion melting uniformity 600 mesh screen is added at the extrusion screw die, and the uniformity is evaluated by the fluctuation of extrusion pressure. The smaller the value, the better the extrusion melting uniformity.
  • Example 4/6 It can be seen from Example 4/6 that when the first polycarbonate is linear, transparency and extrusion melt uniformity are better.
  • Example 7/8 and Example 4 It can be seen from Example 7/8 and Example 4 that the addition of lubricant will not only improve the extrusion melt uniformity, but also improve the transparency to a certain extent; and the preferred lubricants have a better transparency effect and extrusion melt uniformity Improve better.
  • Example 4 It can be seen from Example 4 and Comparative Examples 1-6 that regardless of whether the three polycarbonates are compounded in pairs or added separately, the performance is very poor, and the compounding of the three polycarbonates is required to achieve good performance .

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种聚碳酸酯组合物，按重量份计，包括聚碳酸酯100份；其中，基于聚碳酸酯的总重量百分比计，聚碳酸酯由10-40％的重均分子量为18000-25000的第一聚碳酸酯、20-60％的重均分子量为27000-35000的第二聚碳酸酯、20-60％的支化度为2-7重均分子量为25000-30000的第三聚碳酸酯。本发明的聚碳酸酯组合物具有透明度高、挤出熔融均一性好等优点。

Description

一种聚碳酸酯组合物及其制备方法和应用 技术领域
本发明涉及高分子复合材料技术领域，特别是涉及一种聚碳酸酯组合物及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
目前，聚碳酸酯(PC)被广泛用于生产各种工业、民用制件(如各种透明制件、灯罩、仪表盘等)。
高粘度的聚碳酸酯韧性好，但是因为流动性低导致加工性能差，公知的做法是加入低分子量的聚酯类物质来提高整体的流动性。但是，这种提高流动性的方法会让组合物中的其它组分如填料、阻燃剂等因自聚导致其不容易均一的分散在整体的组合物体系中，且熔融挤出过程中会流动不均一，最终导致产品的熔体均一性、韧性较差，并且相应的阻燃效果差，整体性能较差。进一步的，由于熔体均一性差，聚碳酸酯链段之间会有一些缠结而形成大量微小的空隙，即自由体积，由于无数的折光率不同的自由体积的存在，导致材料的透光率低。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于，克服以上技术缺陷，提供一种聚碳酸酯组合物，其具有透明度高、挤出熔融均一性好等优点。
本发明的另一目的在于，提供上述聚碳酸酯组合物的制备方法及其应用。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的：
一种聚碳酸酯组合物，按重量份计，包括聚碳酸酯100份；其中，基于聚碳酸酯的总重量百分比计，聚碳酸酯由10-40％的重均分子量为18000-25000的第一聚碳酸酯、20-60％的重均分子量为27000-35000的第二聚碳酸酯、20-60％的支化度为2-7重均分子量为25000-30000的第三聚碳酸酯。
聚碳酸酯可以通过通常在一种或多种催化剂存在的条件下，以光气的惰性溶剂与一定含量的二元酚、或者二元酚组合的碱性水溶液进行界面反应，也可以通过一种或多种芳香族二羟基化合物与碳酸二酯的酯交换反应来制造。可以用于酯交换反应的一种或多种二羟基芳香族化合物可以包含二元酚、或二元酚的组合、或双酚、或双酚的组合、或一种或多种二元酚和一种或多种双酚的组合。如本领域的普通技术人员将会认识到的，二元酚的常用实例包含但不限于间苯二酚(resorcinol)、邻苯二酚(catechol)、对苯二酚(hydroquinone)、或2-甲基对苯二酚(2-methyl hydroquioninone)及相似物质。双酚的实例包含但不限于双酚A(BPA)、4,4’-二羟基联苯、1,1-双(4-二羟基-3-甲基苯基)环己烷、4,4’-(1-苯基乙叉基)双酚、 4,4’-二羟基二苯基砜、4,4’-环己叉基双酚及相似物质。相似地，常用的碳酸二酯反应物包括碳酸二芳基酯，如碳酸二苯基酯(DPC)，或活化的碳酸二芳基酯如碳酸二甲基水杨基酯(BMSC)。
聚碳酸酯的重均分子量可以通过添加具有一定官能团的分子链调节剂进行控制，分子链调节剂如酚类化合物或者烷基酚，尤其是苯酚，对叔剂苯酚，枯基苯酚，异辛基苯酚等的一种或者其组合，在聚合反应过程中的特定时间点加入来控制最终产品的重均分子量。
支化度是指单位体积重支化点的数目或支化点的平均相对分子量。
支链聚碳酸酯为在聚合期间添加的多官能有机化合物：羟基、羧基、羧酸酐、卤代甲酰基和上述官能团的混合物。具体可以包括偏苯三酸、偏苯三酸酐、偏苯三酰氯(trimellitic trichloride)、三对羟基苯乙烷、靛红双酚、三酚TC(1,3,5-三((对-羟基苯基)异丙基)苯)、三酚PC(4(4(1,1-双(对-羟基苯基)-乙基)α，α-二甲基苄基)苯酚)、4-氯甲酰基邻苯二甲酸酐、苯均三酸、二苯甲酮四羧酸、1,1,1-三(羟基苯基)乙烷(THPE)、三乙胺等。上述多官能团有机化合物也称为支化剂。
支化聚碳酸酯的制备方法可以是，将支化剂作为溶剂中溶解的成分引入至熔融过程。过首先将支化剂溶解于溶剂中，通常表现出相对高熔点的支化剂可以作为反应物被引入至熔融聚合过程而不需要熔化支化剂单体通常所需要的增加的能量用量，使得在熔融过程中在与其他聚碳酸酯形成反应物反应之前它处于熔融状态。
所述的支化剂可以与二酚以及分子量调节剂按照预定的比例预先加入碱性水相中，或者溶解在有机相中。支化剂的添加量可以是根据最终支化聚碳酸酯所希望达到的支化度的量计算，也可以在反应过程中加入终止剂或者封端剂进行终止反应。
本发明中，所述的第一聚碳酸酯、第二聚碳酸酯可以是直链的、也可以是支化的；优选第一聚碳酸酯、第二聚碳酸酯为直链的。
进一步优选的，所述的聚碳酸酯选自界面法合成的聚碳酸酯。界面法合成的聚碳酸酯因为使用光气，因此根据下述聚碳酸酯挥发分测试方法可以检测出氯离子的特征峰。
聚碳酸酯挥发分测试方法，包括以下步骤：
A)取粉末状或颗粒状的聚碳酸酯放入脱附管中，封闭好；
B)将封闭好的脱附管放入热脱附仪中进行挥发分的脱附和富集；
C)将脱附出的挥发分通入气-质联用仪中进行检测，分析出峰时间、出峰数目以及特征峰。
为了准确富集聚碳酸酯中的挥发分，所述的B)步骤中，脱附和富集的温度为100-140℃， 脱附和富集的时间为1-3小时。脱附温度太高，会让一些结构不稳定的成分发生不可逆的变化影响最终结果的判断；脱附温度太低，不能足够的让挥发分挥发，如苯酚等。
优选的，所述的B)步骤中，富集温度比脱附温度低30-50℃。富集温度比脱附温度低30-50度是为了将全组分进行完整的保留。
所述的C)步骤中，气-质联用仪的较佳的色谱柱为硅氧烷类色谱柱，柱温最高可以为300℃，洗脱温度为25℃-300℃，洗脱时间为30-90min。含一定苯基含量的聚硅氧烷柱子对聚碳酸酯的可挥发物质不容易有拖尾，且硅氧烷类的分离效果好。
为了进一步提高透明度，按重量份计，还包括0.01-4份的润滑剂；所述的润滑剂选自硬脂酸盐类润滑剂、脂肪酸类润滑剂、硬脂酸酯类润滑剂中的至少一种；所述的硬脂酸盐类润滑剂选自硬脂酸钙、硬脂酸镁、硬脂酸锌中的至少一种；所述的脂肪酸类润滑剂选自脂肪酸、脂肪酸衍生物、脂肪酸酯中的至少一种；所述的硬脂酸酯类润滑剂选自单硬脂酸甘油酯、季戊四醇硬脂酸酯中的至少一种；
优选的，选自硬脂酸酯润滑剂中的至少一种。
按重量份计，还包括0-5份的抗氧剂、耐候剂中的至少一种。
聚碳酸酯组合物的透光率表明了材料内部的微观结构的折光率以及低透光的结构的数量及分散程度，如果材料内部微观结构的折光率均一、低透光的结构少以及分布均匀，则材料整体的透光率高。
一种制备上述的聚碳酸酯组合物的制备方法，包括以下步骤：按照配比将聚碳酸酯、润滑剂在高混机中混合均匀，再加入到双螺杆挤出机中，在240℃-260℃的温度下进行熔融混合，然后造粒、冷却、干燥得到聚碳酸酯组合物。
本发明具有如下有益效果
本发明通过加入支化度为2-7的重均分子量为25000-30000的第三聚碳酸酯，解决了低粘、高粘聚碳酸酯混合后产品的熔体均一性差的缺陷，并且，由于具有一定的支化度，将材料内部的自由体积填充均匀，减少、甚至消除了材料内部结构的折光率不均一的现象，因此增加了透明度(透明度为透光率和雾度的综合指标，透明度越高、雾度越小则透光率越高)。
具体实施方式
本发明通过以下实施例来进一步说明本发明，但是本发明不受以下实施例限制。
本发明所用原料来源如下，但是不受以下原料限制。
第一聚碳酸酯A：重均分子量为20000，直链，界面法合成；
第一聚碳酸酯B：重均分子量为20000，支化度为5，界面法合成；
第二聚碳酸酯：重均分子量为33000，直链，界面法合成；
第三聚碳酸酯：重均分子量为27000，支化度为5，界面法合成；
聚碳酸酯C：重均分子量为27000，无支化，界面法合成；
润滑剂A：单硬脂酸甘油酯；Fine Organic，硬脂酸酯类润滑剂；
润滑剂B：磷酸硬脂酸锌；Fine Organic，硬脂酸盐类润滑剂；
抗氧剂：ADEKA 2112，艾迪科；
实施例和对比例聚碳酸酯复合材料的制备方法：按照配比将聚碳酸酯、润滑剂、抗氧剂在高混机中混合均匀，再加入到双螺杆挤出机中，在240℃-260℃的温度下进行熔融混合，然后造粒、冷却、干燥得到聚碳酸酯复合材料。
各性能测试方法：
(1)透光率：在300℃注塑成1mm厚度的100mm*100mm的测试样板，在温度23℃和相对湿度50％的环境下，按照ISO291状态调节40h后，进行实验。测试前，仪器需要预热10min，将测试样板放在样品槽中，测试不同位置三处，记录透光率数据，求平均值。
(2)雾度：在300℃注塑成1mm厚度的100mm*100mm的测试样板，在温度23℃和相对湿度50％的环境下，按照ISO291状态调节40h后，进行实验。测试前，仪器需要预热10min，将测试样板放在样品槽中，测试不同位置三处，记录雾度数据，求平均值。
(3)挤出熔融均一性：在挤出螺杆口模出增加600目的滤网，通过挤出压力的波动评价均一性，数值越小，则挤出熔融均一性越好。
表1：实施例1-8各组分配比(重量份)及各性能测试结果
Figure PCTCN2019121727-appb-000001
从实施例4/6可以看出，第一聚碳酸酯为直链时，透明度和挤出熔融均一性都更好。
从实施例7/8和实施例4可以看出，加入润滑剂不仅会提高挤出熔融均一性，还会在一定程度上提高透明度；并且优选的润滑剂对于透明效果和挤出熔融均一性的提升更好。
表2：对比例1-7各组分配比(重量份)及各性能测试结果
Figure PCTCN2019121727-appb-000002
从实施例4和对比例1-6可以看出，不论三种聚碳酸酯是两两复配还是单独添加，各项性能都很差，需要三种聚碳酸酯的复配才能达到好的性能。
从对比例7可以看出，如果第三聚碳酸酯为直链的，产品的各项性能都很差，即使第一聚碳酸酯具有支化度也无法起到第三聚碳酸酯的效果。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种聚碳酸酯组合物，其特征在于，按重量份计，包括聚碳酸酯100份；其中，基于聚碳酸酯的总重量百分比计，聚碳酸酯由10-40％的重均分子量为18000-25000的第一聚碳酸酯、20-60％的重均分子量为27000-35000的第二聚碳酸酯、20-60％的支化度为2-7重均分子量为25000-30000的第三聚碳酸酯。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的聚碳酸酯组合物，其特征在于，所述的第一聚碳酸酯、第二聚碳酸酯为直链的。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的聚碳酸酯组合物，其特征在于，所述的聚碳酸酯选自界面法合成的聚碳酸酯。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的聚碳酸酯组合物，其特征在于，按重量份计，还包括0.01-4份的润滑剂；所述的润滑剂选自硬脂酸盐类润滑剂、脂肪酸类润滑剂、硬脂酸酯类润滑剂中的至少一种；所述的硬脂酸盐类润滑剂选自硬脂酸钙、硬脂酸镁、硬脂酸锌中的至少一种；所述的脂肪酸类润滑剂选自脂肪酸、脂肪酸衍生物、脂肪酸酯中的至少一种；所述的硬脂酸酯类润滑剂选自单硬脂酸甘油酯、季戊四醇硬脂酸酯中的至少一种。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的聚碳酸酯组合物，其特征在于，所述的润滑剂选自硬脂酸酯润滑剂中的至少一种。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的聚碳酸酯组合物，其特征在于，按重量份计，还包括0-5份的抗氧剂、耐候剂中的至少一种。
  7. 一种制备权利要求4所述的聚碳酸酯组合物的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    按照配比将聚碳酸酯、润滑剂在高混机中混合均匀，再加入到双螺杆挤出机中，在240℃-260℃的温度下进行熔融混合，然后造粒、冷却、干燥得到聚碳酸酯组合物。
  8. 权利要求1-6任一项所述的聚碳酸酯复合材料的应用，其特征在于，用于制备透明制件。
PCT/CN2019/121727 2018-12-25 2019-11-28 一种聚碳酸酯组合物及其制备方法和应用 WO2020134843A1 (zh)

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