WO2020132835A1 - 一种冷却装置 - Google Patents

一种冷却装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020132835A1
WO2020132835A1 PCT/CN2018/123228 CN2018123228W WO2020132835A1 WO 2020132835 A1 WO2020132835 A1 WO 2020132835A1 CN 2018123228 W CN2018123228 W CN 2018123228W WO 2020132835 A1 WO2020132835 A1 WO 2020132835A1
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Prior art keywords
oil
water
cooling
radiator
expansion
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PCT/CN2018/123228
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
谭发程
吴凯
屈小章
李丹丹
刘一福
栾烨
罗萌
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湖南联诚轨道装备有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2018/123228 priority Critical patent/WO2020132835A1/zh
Publication of WO2020132835A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020132835A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K11/00—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
    • B60K11/02—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units with liquid cooling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of rail transit, and in particular to a cooling device.
  • Traction converters, main transformers and reactors are the key components on the train and provide power for the normal operation of the train.
  • the traction converter, the main transformer and the reactor will generate a lot of heat, and if it cannot be radiated in time, it will cause serious consequences. Therefore, how to achieve stable and reliable heat dissipation for the traction converter, main transformer and reactor is particularly important.
  • the pump and fan are of a single design, and if any of them fails, it will directly affect the normal operation of the train;
  • the motor of the fan is easy to cause the temperature to be too high under the radiation of high-temperature gas, thereby affecting the normal operation of the fan and increasing the frequency of maintenance;
  • Cooling oil is likely to enter the dryer due to vibration caused by train operation, resulting in abnormal operation of the dryer;
  • the expansion water tank is provided with a main cavity and an auxiliary cavity, a double pipe, a complicated structure, a difficult manufacturing process, and a high cost, and it is easy to cause the expansion water tank to not normally inhale because the auxiliary cavity is not effectively sealed.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a cooling device, the specific technical solutions are as follows:
  • a cooling device includes a water cooling circuit, an oil cooling circuit, and an air cooling device.
  • the water cooling circuit is used to dissipate heat from a reactor and a traction converter.
  • the oil cooling circuit is used to dissipate heat from a main transformer.
  • the cooling device is used to dissipate and cool the cooling medium in the water cooling circuit and the oil cooling circuit;
  • the air cooling device includes at least two cooling fans arranged side by side.
  • the cooling fan includes a motor and a fan impeller.
  • the fan impeller is disposed on the output shaft of the motor to rotate by the motor; the fan impeller is Sawtooth impeller, in which the ratio of tooth width T and tooth height H is 0.25 ⁇ T/H ⁇ 0.5;
  • the output shaft end of the motor is detachably provided with a front end cover, the front end cover and the output shaft are coaxially arranged, the front end cover is provided with a mounting flange for installing the motor, and between the front end cover and the mounting flange A heat insulation board for isolating high-temperature air heat radiation is provided, and heat dissipation ribs and ventilation holes for improving heat dissipation of the motor are evenly distributed on the front end cover.
  • the water cooling circuit includes a water radiator, and a cooling fan is used for heat dissipation and cooling of the water radiator.
  • the water cooling circuit further includes an inlet pipe/outlet pipe connected to the water radiator, at least two water pumps are arranged in parallel on the water inlet pipe, and each water pump is provided with a check valve, The check valve is arranged on the side of the water pump near the water radiator, so that each water pump works independently;
  • Two sets of waterway outlets are provided in parallel on the water outlet pipe, and two sets of waterway inlets are provided in parallel on the water inlet pipe, and heat dissipation and cooling of the traction converter and reactor are realized through the two sets of waterway outlets/waterway inlets;
  • the two groups of waterway outlets/waterway inlets are all provided with stop valves, and the waterway outlets connected to the traction converter are also provided with filters.
  • the water cooling circuit further includes a liquid level indicator, a liquid level switch, an expansion water tank and a pressure relief valve;
  • the expansion water tank is connected to the water radiator and the water inlet connected to the traction converter,
  • the liquid level indicator, liquid level switch and pressure relief valve are all connected to the expansion tank;
  • a shut-off valve is provided between the expansion water tank and the water channel inlet connected to the traction converter.
  • the expansion water tank adopts a single cavity structure, and the reinforcing ribs are arranged horizontally inside the expansion water tank; the inlet and outlet pipes on the expansion water tank are staggered.
  • the oil cooling circuit includes an oil radiator, and the cooling fan is disposed on the side of the oil radiator to realize heat dissipation and cooling of the oil radiator.
  • the oil cooling circuit further includes an oil inlet/outlet pipe connected to an oil radiator, and a shut-off valve is provided on the oil inlet pipe and the oil outlet pipe, and the oil inlet pipe is closed A flow monitor is provided between the valve and the oil radiator.
  • the oil cooling circuit is connected to the main transformer through the oil inlet on the oil inlet pipe and the oil outlet on the oil outlet pipe to realize heat dissipation and cooling of the main transformer.
  • the oil cooling circuit further includes an expansion oil tank, a Bucher relay, a dryer, and a liquid level display
  • the expansion oil tank is connected to the main transformer through the Bucher relay, the dryer, and the liquid level
  • the displays are connected to the expansion oil tank;
  • the expansion oil tank is provided with a horizontal partition plate and a vertical partition plate, and the dryer is connected with a mounting seat on the expansion oil tank, and a through hole is provided inside the mounting seat to realize communication between the dryer and the breathing tube in the expansion oil tank.
  • the water radiator and the oil radiator constitute a combined radiator, which realizes that ambient air is sucked in from the water radiator side and is drawn out by the cooling fan after passing through the oil radiator, thereby realizing the water radiator and the oil
  • the cooling medium in the radiator performs heat dissipation and cooling;
  • the combined radiator is detachably provided with an upper sealing plate and a lower sealing plate;
  • the surface of the fin of the combined heat sink is first subjected to electrophoresis treatment, and then spray varnish treatment is performed on the surface.
  • the above technical solution further includes a main beam, the main beam is provided with a mounting hole, and the cooling device is installed on the vehicle body through the mounting hole, and a metal for shock absorption is provided between the mounting hole and the vehicle body Cushion.
  • the cooling device of the present invention includes at least two cooling fans and at least two water pumps.
  • the redundant design of the cooling fans and water pumps can well solve any of the problems in the prior art due to the single design of fans and water pumps.
  • the problem will lead to the situation that the cooling device cannot operate normally; even if one of the cooling fans of the present invention fails, the remaining cooling fans can still ensure the normal operation of the cooling device; the water pumps are installed in the water inlet pipeline in parallel
  • the check valve is set on the side of the pump close to the water radiator, which can ensure that the cooling water can only flow in one direction when the pump is working, and there will be no backflow of cooling water through other pumps.
  • the water radiator and the oil radiator of the present invention form a combined radiator, and at the same time, the combined radiator is cooled by a cooling fan.
  • This layout method can greatly reduce the volume of the cooling device, and will not cause more occupation on the train. Space.
  • the fan impeller of the present invention is a sawtooth impeller, wherein the ratio of the tooth width T and the tooth height H is 0.25 ⁇ T/H ⁇ 0.5.
  • This design can effectively reduce the operating noise of the fan by more than 2dB and ensure the comfort of the train.
  • the serration of the trailing edge of the serrated impeller can cause the airflow to form a counter-rotating vortex pair on the back of the blade trail area, delay the separation of the airflow boundary layer, and reduce the overall vortex noise.
  • the smaller the T/H the better the noise reduction effect.
  • T/H is less than 0.25
  • the effective frontal area of the impeller will be significantly reduced, and the lift coefficient of the impeller will be reduced, resulting in a decrease in the aerodynamic performance of the impeller;
  • T/H The value is the result of balanced selection through trial and error, on the premise of not only ensuring the effective lift coefficient, but also significantly reducing noise.
  • the motor of the present invention includes a front end cover, a mounting flange and a heat insulation plate. Setting the heat insulation plate between the front end cover and the installation flange can effectively prevent high temperature gas from forming heat radiation on the front end bearing of the motor and causing its operating temperature Too high, effectively extend the service life of the front end bearing of the motor.
  • the heat dissipation ribs and ventilation holes are evenly distributed on the front end cover, which can effectively improve the heat dissipation of the front end of the motor and reduce the operating temperature of the front end bearing of the motor, so that the cooling fan can be stable and reliable Running.
  • the expansion oil tank of the present invention is provided with a horizontal partition and a vertical partition.
  • the dryer is connected to a mounting seat on the expansion oil tank, and a through hole is provided inside the mounting seat to realize the communication between the dryer and the breathing tube in the expansion oil tank;
  • the horizontal baffle plate can effectively isolate the breathing tube from the cooling oil inside the expansion oil tank to prevent the cooling oil from entering the breathing tube due to the train shock and causing the dryer to fail to work properly.
  • the expansion tank of the present invention adopts a single cavity structure, which effectively prevents the situation that normal suction cannot be caused due to the lack of effective sealing of the auxiliary cavity of the expansion tank.
  • the staggered arrangement of the inlet and outlet pipes on the expansion tank can effectively prevent water
  • the gas generated in the radiator is directly sucked into the outlet pipe through the water inlet pipe, and then returned to the water pump and water radiator to cause cavitation to the water pump and water radiator; compared with the existing expansion water tank structure, it is simpler and reduces the production cost. At the same time, it can prevent cavitation.
  • a metal damping pad is provided between the cooling device and the train body, the vibration isolation efficiency reaches 85%, the service life is 30 years, and the maintenance cost is reduced.
  • the water radiator and the oil radiator of the present invention are connected by an upper sealing plate and a lower sealing plate to form a combined radiator.
  • the combined radiator can be cleaned and maintained.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the cooling device of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the cooling device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic bottom view of the cooling device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the motor structure in FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 6(a) is a cross-sectional view of the fan impeller in FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 6(b) is a partially enlarged view at A in FIG. 6(a);
  • Figure 8 is a perspective view of an expansion tank
  • cooling fan 1.1, motor, 1.10, front end cover, 1.11, mounting flange, 1.12, radiating ribs, 1.13, heat insulation board, 1.14, ventilation hole, 1.2, fan impeller, 2, expansion oil tank, 2.1, Vertical baffle, 2.2, horizontal baffle, 2.3, breathing tube, 2.4, mount, 3, Bucher relay, 4, dryer, 5, liquid level display, 6, oil radiator, 7, flow monitor, 8 Water radiator, 9, stop valve, 10, check valve, 11, water pump, 12, filter, 13, liquid level switch, 14, expansion tank, 14.1, rib plate, 14.2, inlet pipe, 14.3, outlet pipe , 15, relief valve, 16, main beam, 17, 400V connector, 18, 110V connector, 19, metal shock pad, 20, upper sealing plate, 21, lower sealing plate, 22, tie rod.
  • a cooling device includes a water cooling circuit, an oil cooling circuit, and an air cooling device.
  • the water cooling circuit is used to dissipate heat from the reactor and the traction converter, and the oil cooling circuit is used to cool the main transformer.
  • the air cooling device is used for heat dissipation and cooling of the cooling medium in the water cooling circuit and the oil cooling circuit;
  • the air cooling device includes at least two cooling fans 1 arranged in parallel, the cooling fan 1 includes a motor 1.1 and a fan impeller 1.2, and the fan impeller 1.2 is disposed on the output shaft of the motor 1.1 to be driven by the motor 1.1 Rotation; the fan impeller is a sawtooth impeller, wherein the ratio of tooth width T and tooth height H is 0.25 ⁇ T/H ⁇ 0.5, see Figure 6(a) and Figure 6(b) for details.
  • the output shaft end of the motor 1.1 is detachably provided with a front end cover 1.10, the front end cover and the output shaft are coaxially arranged, and the front end cover 1.10 is provided with a mounting flange 1.11 for installing the motor.
  • the front end cover 1.10 and the mounting flange 1.11 are provided with a heat insulation plate 1.13 for isolating high-temperature air heat radiation.
  • the front end cover 1.10 is evenly provided with radiating ribs and ventilation holes for improving heat dissipation of the motor.
  • the The heat insulation board is a rubber partition.
  • the water cooling circuit includes a water radiator 8, the oil cooling circuit includes an oil radiator 6, the water radiator 8 and the oil radiator 6 form a combined radiator, and the cooling fan 1 is disposed on the oil radiator 6 side, Thereby, ambient air is sucked in from the water radiator 8 side, and is drawn out by the cooling fan 1 after passing through the oil radiator 6, so that the cooling medium in the water radiator 8 and the oil radiator 6 is cooled and cooled.
  • the cooling medium in the water cooling circuit is cooling water, preferably the cooling water is clariant, Antifrogen N, the cooling medium in the oil cooling circuit is cooling oil, preferably the cooling oil is Ester Midel 7131.
  • the water cooling circuit further includes an inlet pipe/outlet pipe connected to the water radiator 8, at least two water pumps 11 are arranged in parallel on the inlet water pipe, and each water pump is correspondingly provided with a check valve 10, the check valve
  • the valve 10 is arranged on the side of the water pump 10 close to the water radiator, so that each water pump works independently; the check valve 10 is used to prevent the backflow of cooling water and ensure that the cooling water can only flow in one direction.
  • the check valve on the other branch is used to prevent the cooling water from flowing back from the branch.
  • Two sets of waterway outlets are provided in parallel on the water outlet pipe, and two sets of waterway inlets are provided in parallel on the water inlet pipe, and heat dissipation and cooling of the traction converter and reactor are realized through the two sets of waterway outlets/waterway inlets;
  • the two groups of waterway outlets/waterway inlets are all provided with shut-off valves 9, and the waterway outlet connected to the traction converter is also provided with a filter 12.
  • the water cooling circuit further includes a liquid level indicator 5, a liquid level switch 13, an expansion water tank 14 and a pressure relief valve 15; the expansion water tank 14 is connected to the water radiator 8 and the water inlet connected to the traction converter.
  • the liquid level indicator 5, the liquid level switch 13 and the pressure relief valve 15 are all connected to the expansion water tank 14;
  • a shut-off valve 9 is provided between the expansion water tank 14 and the water channel inlet connected to the traction converter.
  • the liquid level switch is used for detecting the liquid level signal in the expansion water tank, and the pressure relief valve is used for exhausting when the cooling water heats up, and inhaling during cold contraction.
  • the expansion water tank 14 adopts a single cavity structure, and a reinforcing rib 14.1 is provided in the horizontal direction inside the expansion water tank, which can not only ensure its function, but also improve the reliability of its function. It is simple and practical.
  • the staggered setting of the inlet pipe 14.2 and the outlet pipe 14.3 can effectively prevent cavitation.
  • the expansion water tank is used to adjust the water level when the cooling water in the water cooling circuit expands and contracts with the temperature change.
  • the water inlet pipe 14.2 is connected to the water radiator, and the water outlet pipe 14.3 is connected to the water channel inlet connected to the traction converter; the cooling water mixed with gas in the water radiator enters the expansion from the water inlet pipe In the water tank, after the inlet and outlet pipes are staggered, the gas will quickly float up and gather in the upper cavity of the expansion tank under the effect of buoyancy, thereby preventing the gas from being sucked into the outlet pipe, and thus preventing the gas from flowing back with the cooling water to the pump and water.
  • the radiator produces cavitation.
  • the oil cooling circuit further includes an oil inlet/outlet pipe connected to the oil radiator 6, a shut-off valve 9 is provided on the oil inlet pipe and the oil outlet pipe, and the oil inlet pipe is provided with a shut-off valve 9 and oil heat dissipation
  • a flow monitor 7 (the flow monitor is preferably a flow meter) for monitoring the flow of the oil inlet pipe between the oil heaters 6 and the oil cooling circuit passes through the oil inlet on the oil inlet pipe and the oil on the oil outlet pipe
  • the outlet of the road is connected to the main transformer to realize cooling and cooling of the main transformer.
  • the oil cooling circuit further includes an expansion oil tank 2, a Bucher relay 3, a dryer 4 and a liquid level indicator 5, the expansion oil tank 2 is connected to the main transformer through the Bucher relay 3, the dryer 4 and the liquid level
  • the displays 5 are all connected to the expansion oil tank 2.
  • the Bucher relay is used to monitor and alarm the state of the cooling oil in the main transformer to prevent the oil temperature of the cooling oil from being too high to protect the normal operation of the main transformer.
  • the expansion oil tank is used to thermally expand the cooling oil in the oil cooling circuit with temperature changes When cold shrinking, adjust the oil level.
  • a horizontal partition 2.2 and a vertical partition 2.1 are provided inside the expansion oil tank 2, and the dryer 4 is connected to a mounting base 2.4 on the expansion oil tank 2, and a through hole is provided inside the mounting base 2.4 to realize the dryer 4 and the expansion oil tank 2.
  • the inner breathing tube 2.3 communicates, so that the dryer communicates with the expansion tank.
  • the desiccator is used for drying and dewatering the sucked air when the expansion oil tank is inhaling. Setting horizontal partitions and vertical partitions can effectively prevent the cooling oil from oscillating into the dryer during train operation.
  • the water radiator 8 and the oil radiator 6 constitute a combined radiator, and the water radiator 8 and the oil radiator 6 are combined together through an upper sealing plate 20, a lower sealing plate 21 and a tie rod 22.
  • the water radiator and the oil radiator are arranged in layers, and are connected through the upper sealing plate and the lower sealing plate oppositely arranged, and the tie rod is used to connect the upper sealing plate and the lower sealing plate, thereby realizing the water radiator and the oil radiator Combined together, the upper sealing plate and the lower sealing plate are disassembled to clean and maintain the combined radiator.
  • the surface of the fin of the combined heat sink is first subjected to electrophoresis treatment, and then spray varnish treatment is performed on the surface.
  • the cooling device further includes a main beam 16, and a mounting hole is provided on the main beam, and the cooling device is installed on the vehicle body through the mounting hole, and a metal shock absorber for shock absorption is provided between the mounting hole and the vehicle body Pad 19, the metal shock absorbing pad is a shock absorbing pad made of metal wire.
  • the cooling device further includes a 400V connector 17 and a 110V connector 18, the cooling fan and the water pump are evenly connected to the 400V connector 17, the cooling fans and the water pumps are connected in parallel, and the cooling fan adopts a pole number
  • the conversion realizes the switching of the high and low speed of the cooling fan (that is, pole-changing speed regulation) to meet the needs of different air volumes. For details, refer to the prior art.
  • the liquid level display, the flow monitor and the Buchholz relay are all electrically connected to the 110V connector.
  • the globe valve can be selected in different styles and models according to different usage requirements.
  • the two sets of waterway outlets and waterway inlets of the cooling device of the present invention are connected with reactors and traction converters, and the oilway outlets and oil way inlets are connected with the main transformer, and the reactor and traction converter can be realized by starting the cooling device Cooling with the main transformer.
  • the cooling device of the invention can effectively solve the situation that the cooling device cannot operate normally due to the failure of any one of the single design of the fan and the pump; the improvement of the cooling fan effectively reduces the noise and ensures the comfort of the train.
  • the service life of the motor is extended; the structure of the expansion oil tank and the installation method of the dryer can effectively prevent the cooling oil from entering the dryer and cause the dryer to fail to work normally; the expansion water tank is changed from the main and auxiliary cavity structure to a single cavity structure.
  • the structure is simpler and more reliable, and can effectively prevent cavitation.

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Abstract

一种冷却装置，包括水冷回路、油冷回路以及风冷装置，所述水冷回路用于对电抗器和牵引变流器进行散热，所述油冷回路用于对主变压器进行散热，所述风冷装置用于对水冷回路和油冷回路中的冷却介质进行散热冷却。该冷却装置可以有效的解决由于风机和水泵单一设计导致其中任意一个出现故障时导致冷却装置无法正常运行的情况；通过对冷却风机的改进有效的降低了噪音，保证了列车的舒适性，延长了电机的使用寿命；改进膨胀油箱的结构和干燥器的安装方式可以有效的避免冷却油进入干燥器中导致干燥器无法正常工作；膨胀水箱为单一腔体结构，结构更简单可靠，又能有效防止气蚀。

Description

一种冷却装置 技术领域
本发明涉及轨道交通技术领域，具体涉及一种冷却装置。
背景技术
牵引变流器、主变压器以及电抗器是列车上的关键部件，为列车的正常运行提供电力。在列车的运行过程中，牵引变流器、主变压器以及电抗器会产生大量的热量，如果不能及时对其进行散热将会导致严重的后果。因此，如何实现对牵引变流器、主变压器以及电抗器进行稳定可靠的散热就显得尤为重要。
在现有的散热冷却装置中存在以下问题：
(1)水泵和风机都是单一设计，如果其中任何一个出现问题将会直接影响到列车的正常运行；
(2)散热冷却装置在运行的过程中噪音较大，影响列车的舒适性；
(3)风机的电机容易在高温气体的辐射下导致温度过高，从而影响风机的正常运行，增加维护的频率；
(4)冷却油容易因列车运行导致的震荡进入干燥器中，导致干燥器工作异常；
(5)冷却装置和列车之间使用普通橡胶减震垫，寿命低，需定期更换，全生命周期成本高且隔振效果差，影响列车舒适性。
(6)膨胀水箱设置主腔和副腔，双导管，结构复杂，制造工艺难度大，成本高，且容易因为副腔没有有效密封而导致膨胀水箱无法正常吸气。
综上所述，急需一种稳定、可靠的冷却装置以解决现有技术中存在的问题。
发明内容
本发明目的在于提供一种冷却装置，具体技术方案如下：
一种冷却装置，包括水冷回路、油冷回路以及风冷装置，所述水冷回路用于对电抗器和牵引变流器进行散热，所述油冷回路用于对主变压器进行散热，所述风冷装置用于对水冷回路和油冷回路中的冷却介质进行散热冷却；
所述风冷装置包括至少两件并列设置的冷却风机，所述冷却风机包括电机和风机叶轮，所述风机叶轮设置于所述电机的输出轴上实现由电机驱动进行旋转；所述风机叶轮为锯齿叶轮，其中齿宽T和齿高H之比为0.25≤T/H≤0.5；
所述电机的输出轴端可拆卸设置前端盖，所述前端盖与输出轴同轴心设置，所述前端盖上设有用于安装电机的安装法兰，所述前端盖与安装法兰之间设置用于隔离高温空气热辐射的隔热板，所述前端盖上均布设置用于改善电机散热的散热筋和通风孔。
以上技术方案中优选的，所述水冷回路包括水散热器，冷却风机用于对水散热器散热冷却。
以上技术方案中优选的，所述水冷回路还包括与水散热器连接的进水管道/出水管道，所述进水管道上并联设置至少两件水泵，每件水泵对应设置一件止回阀，所述止回阀设置于水泵靠近水散热器的一侧，实现各水泵单独工作；
所述出水管道上并联设置两组水路出口，所述进水管道上并联设置两组水路进口，通过两组水路出口/水路进口实现对牵引变流器和电抗器进行散热冷却；
两组水路出口/水路进口上均设置截止阀，与牵引变流器连接的水路出口上还设置过滤器。
以上技术方案中优选的，所述水冷回路还包括液位显示器、液位开关、膨胀水箱以及泄压阀；所述膨胀水箱与所述水散热器以及与牵引变流器连接的水路进口连接，所述液位显示器、液位开关以及泄压阀均与膨胀水箱连接；
所述膨胀水箱和与牵引变流器连接的水路进口之间设有截止阀。
以上技术方案中优选的，膨胀水箱采用单一腔体结构，膨胀水箱内部水平方向设置加强筋板；膨胀水箱上的进水管和出水管错开设置。
以上技术方案中优选的，所述油冷回路包括油散热器，所述冷却风机设置于油散热器侧，实现对油散热器进行散热冷却。
以上技术方案中优选的，所述油冷回路还包括连接油散热器的进油管道/出油管道，所述进油管道和出油管道上均设置截止阀，所述进油管道上在截止阀和油散热器之间设有流量监控器，所述油冷回路通过进油管道上的油路进口和出油管道上的油路出口与主变压器连接，实现对主变压器进行散热冷却。
以上技术方案中优选的，所述油冷回路还包括膨胀油箱、布赫继电器、干燥器以及液位显示器，所述膨胀油箱通过所述布赫继电器与主变压器连接，所述干燥器和液位显示器均与所述膨胀油箱连接；
所述膨胀油箱内部设置水平隔板和垂直隔板，所述干燥器与膨胀油箱上的安装座连接，安装座内部设有通孔实现干燥器和膨胀油箱内呼吸管相通。
以上技术方案中优选的，所述水散热器和油散热器构成组合散热器，实现将环境空气从水散热器侧吸入，经过油散热器后由冷却风机抽出，从而实现对水散热器和油散热器中的冷却介质进行散热冷却；所述组合散热器上可拆卸设有上封板和下封板；
所述组合散热器的翅片表面先进行电泳处理，然后在表面进行喷涂清漆处理。
以上技术方案中优选的，还包括主梁，所述主梁上设置安装孔，通过安装孔实现将冷却装置安装到车体上，所述安装孔和车体之间设置用于减震的金属减震垫。
应用本发明的技术方案，具有以下有益效果：
(1)本发明的冷却装置包括至少两件冷却风机以及至少两件水泵，冷却风机和水泵的冗余设计可以很好的解决现有技术中由于风机和水泵单一设计而导致的其中任意一个出现问题将导致冷却装置无法正常运行的情况；本发明的冷却装置即使其中一个冷却风机出现故障依然可以由其余的冷却风机保证冷却装置的正常运行；各水泵之间采用并联的方式设置于进水管道上，每件水泵对应设置一件止回阀，止回阀设置于水泵靠近水散热器的一侧，可以保证水泵工作时冷却水只能单向流动，不会出现冷却水通过其他水泵回流的情况，保证水冷回路的正常运行；同时，当一个水泵运行异常而导致冷却装置无法工作时可以切换至另外一水泵运行，以保证冷却装置的正常运行。
(2)本发明的水散热器和油散热器构成组合散热器，同时通过冷却风机对组合散热器进行散热冷却，该布局方式可以大大的缩小冷却装置的体积，不会导致占用列车上较多的空间。
(3)本发明的风机叶轮为锯齿叶轮，其中齿宽T和齿高H之比为0.25≤T/H≤0.5，该设计可以有效的降低风机运行噪音2dB以上，保证列车的舒适性。锯齿叶轮的尾缘锯齿能使气流在叶片尾迹区背面形成反向旋转的涡对，将气流边界层分离延后，减少整体涡流噪声。从设计理论上来讲T/H越小降低噪音的效果越好，但T/H小于0.25以后，会明显降 低叶轮的有效迎风面积，降低叶轮的升力系数，导致叶轮的气动性能下降；T/H值是通过反复试验，在既能保证有效升力系数，又能明显降低噪声的前提下平衡选择的结果。
(4)本发明电机包括前端盖、安装法兰和隔热板，将隔热板设置于前端盖和安装法兰之间可以有效的防止高温气体对电机前端轴承形成热辐射而导致其运行温度过高，有效的延长电机前端轴承的使用寿命，前端盖上均布设置散热筋和通风孔，可以有效的改善电机前端的散热情况，降低电机前端轴承的运行温度，从而使得冷却风机可以稳定可靠的运行。
(5)本发明的膨胀油箱内部设置水平隔板和垂直隔板，所述干燥器与膨胀油箱上的安装座连接，安装座内部设有通孔实现干燥器和膨胀油箱内呼吸管相通；设置水平隔板可以有效的将呼吸管与膨胀油箱内部的冷却油隔离开，防止冷却油因列车震荡而进入到呼吸管导致干燥器无法正常工作。
(6)本发明的膨胀水箱采用单一腔体结构，有效的防止因膨胀水箱的副腔没有有效密封而导致无法正常吸气的情况，膨胀水箱上的进水管和出水管错开设置可以有效防止水散热器中产生的气体通过进水管直接被吸进出水管，再回流至水泵和水散热器中对水泵和水散热器产生气蚀；相对于现有的膨胀水箱结构更加简单，降低了生产成本，同时又能防止气蚀现象产生。
(7)本发明在冷却装置和列车车体之间设置金属减震垫，隔振效率达到85％，使用寿命30年，降低了维护成本。
(8)本发明的水散热器和油散热器通过上封板和下封板进行连接构成组合散热器，通过拆卸上封板和下封板可以实现对组合散热器进行清洗和维护。
除了上面所描述的目的、特征和优点之外，本发明还有其它的目的、特征和优点。下面将参照图，对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
附图说明
构成本申请的一部分的附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的不当限定。在附图中：
图1是本发明冷却装置的原理图；
图2是本发明冷却装置的整体结构示意图；
图3是本发明冷却装置的底面示意图；
图4是本发明组合散热器的爆炸示意图；
图5是图2中电机结构示意图；
图6(a)是图2中风机叶轮剖视图；
图6(b)是图6(a)中A处的局部放大图；
图7是膨胀油箱和干燥器的剖视图；
图8是膨胀水箱透视图；
其中，1、冷却风机，1.1、电机，1.10、前端盖，1.11、安装法兰，1.12、散热筋，1.13、隔热板，1.14、通风孔，1.2、风机叶轮，2、膨胀油箱，2.1、垂直隔板，2.2、水平隔板，2.3、呼吸管，2.4、安装座，3、布赫继电器，4、干燥器，5、液位显示器，6、油散热器，7、流量监控器，8水散热器、9、截止阀，10、止回阀，11、水泵，12、过滤器，13、液位开关，14、膨胀水箱，14.1、加强筋板，14.2、进水管，14.3、出水管，15、泄压阀，16、主梁，17、400V连接器，18、110V连接器，19、金属减震垫，20、上封板，21、下封板，22、拉杆。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明的实施例进行详细说明，但是本发明可以根据权利要求限定和覆盖的多种不同方式实施。
实施例1：
参见图1-8，一种冷却装置，包括水冷回路、油冷回路以及风冷装置，所述水冷回路用于对电抗器和牵引变流器进行散热，所述油冷回路用于对主变压器进行散热，所述风冷装置用于对水冷回路和油冷回路中的冷却介质进行散热冷却；
所述风冷装置包括至少两件并列设置的冷却风机1，所述冷却风机1包括电机1.1和风机叶轮1.2，所述风机叶轮1.2设置于所述电机1.1的输出轴上实现由电机1.1驱动进行旋转；所述风机叶轮为锯齿叶轮，其中齿宽T和齿高H之比为0.25≤T/H≤0.5，详见图6(a)和图6(b)。
参见图5，所述电机1.1的输出轴端可拆卸设置前端盖1.10，所述前端盖与输出轴同轴心设置，所述前端盖1.10上设有用于安装电机的安装法兰1.11，所述前端盖1.10与安装法兰1.11之间设置用于隔离高温空气热辐射的隔热板1.13，所述前端盖1.10上均布设置用于改善电机散热的散热筋和通风孔，优选的，所述隔热板为橡胶隔板。
所述水冷回路包括水散热器8，所述油冷回路包括油散热器6，所述水散热器8和油散热器6构成组合散热器，所述冷却风机1设置于油散热器6侧，从而实现将环境空气从水散热器8侧吸入，经过油散热器6后由冷却风机1抽出，从而实现对水散热器8和油散热器6中的冷却介质进行散热冷却。所述水冷回路中的冷却介质为冷却水，优选所述冷却水为clariant,Antifrogen N，所述油冷回路中的冷却介质为冷却油，优选所述冷却油为Ester Midel 7131。
所述水冷回路还包括与水散热器8连接的进水管道/出水管道，所述进水管道上并联设置至少两件水泵11，每件水泵对应设置一件止回阀10，所述止回阀10设置于水泵10靠近水散热器的一侧，实现各水泵单独工作；所述止回阀10用于防止冷却水回流，保证冷却水只能单向流通。当一条支路上的水泵工作时，通过另一条支路上的止回阀防止冷却水从该支路回流。
所述出水管道上并联设置两组水路出口，所述进水管道上并联设置两组水路进口，通过两组水路出口/水路进口实现对牵引变流器和电抗器进行散热冷却；
两组水路出口/水路进口上均设置截止阀9，与牵引变流器连接的水路出口上还设置过滤器12。
所述水冷回路还包括液位显示器5、液位开关13、膨胀水箱14以及泄压阀15；所述膨胀水箱14与所述水散热器8以及与牵引变流器连接的水路进口连接，所述液位显示器5、液位开关13以及泄压阀15均与膨胀水箱14连接；
所述膨胀水箱14和与牵引变流器连接的水路进口之间设有截止阀9。
所述液位开关用于检测膨胀水箱内的液位信号，所述泄压阀用于冷却水热涨时排气，冷缩时吸气。
参见图8，所述膨胀水箱14采用单一腔体结构，膨胀水箱内部水平方向设置加强筋板14.1，既能保证其功能，又能提高其功能的可靠性，简单实用；所述膨胀水箱上的进水管14.2和出水管14.3错开设置可以有效防止气蚀现象产生。所述膨胀水箱用于当水冷回路中冷却水随温度变化热胀冷缩时调节水位。
参见图1和图8，所述进水管14.2连接所述水散热器，所述出水管14.3连接与牵引变流器连接的水路进口；水散热器里面混有气体的冷却水从进水管进入膨胀水箱，将进水管 和出水管错开设置后，气体会在浮力的作用下会快速上浮聚集在膨胀水箱的上腔中，从而防止气体被吸进出水管，进而防止气体跟随冷却水回流对水泵和水散热器产生气蚀。
所述油冷回路还包括连接油散热器6的进油管道/出油管道，所述进油管道和出油管道上均设置截止阀9，所述进油管道上在截止阀9和油散热器6之间设有用于监控进油管道流量的流量监控器7(所述流量监控器优选为流量计)，所述油冷回路通过进油管道上的油路进口和出油管道上的油路出口与主变压器连接，实现对主变压器进行散热冷却。
所述油冷回路还包括膨胀油箱2、布赫继电器3、干燥器4以及液位显示器5，所述膨胀油箱2通过所述布赫继电器3与主变压器连接，所述干燥器4和液位显示器5均与所述膨胀油箱2连接。所述布赫继电器用于对主变压器中冷却油状态进行监控报警，防止冷却油的油温过高保护主变压器正常运行，所述膨胀油箱用于当油冷回路中冷却油随温度变化热胀冷缩时，调节油位。
参见图7，膨胀油箱2内部设置水平隔板2.2和垂直隔板2.1，所述干燥器4与膨胀油箱2上的安装座2.4连接，安装座2.4内部设有通孔实现干燥器4和膨胀油箱2内呼吸管2.3相通，从而实现干燥器与膨胀油箱相通。所述干燥器用于膨胀油箱在吸气时，对吸入的空气进行干燥除水，设置水平隔板和垂直隔板可以有效的防止列车运行过程中冷却油震荡进入干燥器。
参见图4，所述水散热器8和油散热器6构成组合散热器，所述水散热器8和油散热器6通过上封板20、下封板21以及拉杆22组合在一起。所述水散热器和油散热器层叠设置，通过相对设置的上封板和下封板进行连接，所述拉杆用于连接上封板和下封板，从而实现将水散热器和油散热器组合在一起，拆卸所述上封板、下封板实现对组合散热器进行清洗和维护。
所述组合散热器的翅片表面先进行电泳处理，然后在表面进行喷涂清漆处理。
所述冷却装置还包括主梁16，所述主梁上设置安装孔，通过安装孔实现将冷却装置安装到车体上，所述安装孔和车体之间设置用于减震的金属减震垫19，所述金属减震垫为由金属丝压制而成的减震垫。
所述冷却装置还包括400V接线器17和110V接线器18，所述冷却风机和水泵均匀所述400V接线器17电连接，各冷却风机以及各水泵之间采用并联，所述冷却风机采取极数 转换实现冷却风机的高低速切换(即变极调速)，以适应不同风量的需求，具体可以参照现有技术。
所述液位显示器、流量监控器以及布赫继电器均与110V接线器电连接。
优选的，本实施例中截止阀可以根据不同的使用需求选用不同的款式和型号。
应用本实施例的技术方案，具体是：
将本发明冷却装置的两组水路出口和水路进口与电抗器和牵引变流器连接，将油路出口和油路进口与主变压器连接，启动冷却装置即可以实现对电抗器、牵引变流器和主变压器进行散热冷却。
应用本发明的技术方案，效果是：
本发明的冷却装置可以有效的解决由于风机和水泵单一设计导致其中任意一个出现故障时导致冷却装置无法正常运行的情况；通过对冷却风机的改进有效的降低了噪音，保证了列车的舒适性，延长了电机的使用寿命；改进膨胀油箱的结构和干燥器的安装方式可以有效的避免冷却油进入干燥器中导致干燥器无法正常工作；将膨胀水箱由主副腔结构更改为单一腔体结构，结构更简单可靠，又能有效防止气蚀。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种冷却装置，其特征在于，包括水冷回路、油冷回路以及风冷装置，所述水冷回路用于对电抗器和牵引变流器进行散热，所述油冷回路用于对主变压器进行散热，所述风冷装置用于对水冷回路和油冷回路中的冷却介质进行散热冷却；
    所述风冷装置包括至少两件并列设置的冷却风机(1)，所述冷却风机(1)包括电机(1.1)和风机叶轮(1.2)，所述风机叶轮(1.2)设置于所述电机(1.1)的输出轴上实现由电机(1.1)驱动进行旋转；所述风机叶轮为锯齿叶轮，其中齿宽T和齿高H之比为0.25≤T/H≤0.5；
    所述电机(1.1)的输出轴端可拆卸设置前端盖(1.10)，所述前端盖与输出轴同轴心设置，所述前端盖(1.10)上设有用于安装电机的安装法兰(1.11)，所述前端盖(1.10)与安装法兰(1.11)之间设置用于隔离高温空气热辐射的隔热板(1.13)，所述前端盖(1.10)上均布设置用于改善电机散热的散热筋和通风孔。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的冷却装置，其特征在于，所述水冷回路包括水散热器(8)，冷却风机(1)用于对水散热器(8)散热冷却。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的冷却装置，其特征在于，所述水冷回路还包括与水散热器(8)连接的进水管道/出水管道，所述进水管道上并联设置至少两件水泵(11)，每件水泵对应设置一件止回阀(10)，所述止回阀(10)设置于水泵(10)靠近水散热器的一侧，实现各水泵单独工作；
    所述出水管道上并联设置两组水路出口，所述进水管道上并联设置两组水路进口，通过两组水路出口/水路进口实现对牵引变流器和电抗器进行散热冷却；
    两组水路出口/水路进口上均设置截止阀(9)，与牵引变流器连接的水路出口上还设置过滤器(12)。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的冷却装置，其特征在于，所述水冷回路还包括液位显示器(5)、液位开关(13)、膨胀水箱(14)以及泄压阀(15)；所述膨胀水箱(14)与所述水散热器(8)以及与牵引变流器连接的水路进口连接，所述液位显示器(5)、液位开关(13)以及泄压阀(15)均与膨胀水箱(14)连接；
    所述膨胀水箱(14)和与牵引变流器连接的水路进口之间设有截止阀(9)。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的冷却装置，其特征在于，膨胀水箱采用单一腔体结构，膨胀水箱内部水平方向设置加强筋板(14.1)；膨胀水箱上的进水管(14.2)和出水管(14.3)错开设置。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的冷却装置，其特征在于，所述油冷回路包括油散热器(6)，所述冷却风机(1)设置于油散热器(6)侧，实现对油散热器进行散热冷却。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的冷却装置，其特征在于，所述油冷回路还包括连接油散热器(6)的进油管道/出油管道，所述进油管道和出油管道上均设置截止阀(9)，所述进油管道上在截止阀(9)和油散热器(6)之间设有流量监控器(7)，所述油冷回路通过进油管道上的油路进口和出油管道上的油路出口与主变压器连接，实现对主变压器进行散热冷却。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的冷却装置，其特征在于，所述油冷回路还包括膨胀油箱(2)、布赫继电器(3)、干燥器(4)以及液位显示器(5)，所述膨胀油箱(2)通过所述布赫继电器(3)与主变压器连接，所述干燥器(4)和液位显示器(5)均与所述膨胀油箱(2)连接；
    所述膨胀油箱(2)内部设置水平隔板(2.2)和垂直隔板(2.1)，所述干燥器(4)与膨胀油箱(2)上的安装座(2.4)连接，安装座(2.4)内部设有通孔实现干燥器(4)和膨胀油箱(2)内呼吸管(2.3)相通。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的冷却装置，其特征在于，所述水散热器(8)和油散热器(6)构成组合散热器，实现将环境空气从水散热器(8)侧吸入，经过油散热器(6)后由冷却风机(1)抽出，从而实现对水散热器(8)和油散热器(6)中的冷却介质进行散热冷却；所述组合散热器上可拆卸设有上封板(20)和下封板(21)；
    所述组合散热器的翅片表面先进行电泳处理，然后在表面进行喷涂清漆处理。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9中任意一项所述的冷却装置，其特征在于，还包括主梁(16)，所述主梁(16)上设置安装孔，通过安装孔实现将冷却装置安装到车体上，所述安装孔和车体之间设置用于减震的金属减震垫(19)。
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