WO2020119083A1 - 动力系统的控制方法、控制系统及工程机械 - Google Patents

动力系统的控制方法、控制系统及工程机械 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020119083A1
WO2020119083A1 PCT/CN2019/093856 CN2019093856W WO2020119083A1 WO 2020119083 A1 WO2020119083 A1 WO 2020119083A1 CN 2019093856 W CN2019093856 W CN 2019093856W WO 2020119083 A1 WO2020119083 A1 WO 2020119083A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
engine
power
speed
oil pump
load
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PCT/CN2019/093856
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张启军
王光磊
李家荣
Original Assignee
三一汽车制造有限公司
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Application filed by 三一汽车制造有限公司 filed Critical 三一汽车制造有限公司
Publication of WO2020119083A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020119083A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D29/00—Controlling engines, such controlling being peculiar to the devices driven thereby, the devices being other than parts or accessories essential to engine operation, e.g. controlling of engines by signals external thereto
    • F02D29/04—Controlling engines, such controlling being peculiar to the devices driven thereby, the devices being other than parts or accessories essential to engine operation, e.g. controlling of engines by signals external thereto peculiar to engines driving pumps

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of construction machinery, in particular, to a power system control method, a power system control system, and a construction machine.
  • the energy-saving control of concrete pump engines mainly uses two control methods: one is to set the engine to run at a fixed speed under a fixed displacement of the oil pump; the other is to obtain the engine output power to adjust the engine to run at a suitable speed.
  • the first control method cannot adjust the engine speed according to load changes. If the engine continues to run at a high speed, the fuel consumption will be higher. If the fixed speed of the engine is set to a lower value, it will be easy to shut down under high load conditions; When the load of construction machinery changes frequently, under the second control mode, the engine speed will be adjusted continuously, and the speed will suddenly increase and decrease, affecting the safe performance of the engine.
  • This application aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art or related technologies.
  • the first aspect of the present application is to propose a control method for a power system.
  • the second aspect of the present application is to propose a control system for a power system.
  • the third aspect of the present application is to propose an engineering machine.
  • a power system control method includes: acquiring the first flow rate of the oil pump; and controlling the engine to Run at a first speed matching the first flow rate; obtain the load power of the engine and the maximum power of the engine at the first speed; compare the load power with the maximum power; adjust the speed of the engine according to the comparison result.
  • the present application provides a control method of a power system, wherein the power system includes an oil pump and an engine, and the control method of the power system includes acquiring a first flow of the oil pump, controlling the engine to operate at a first speed matching the first flow, and acquiring the engine
  • the load power of the engine and the maximum power of the engine at the first rotation speed are compared, and then the load power of the engine and the maximum power of the engine are compared, and then the rotation speed of the engine is adjusted according to the comparison result.
  • the first flow rate of the oil pump is set by the user, that is, the user can set the flow rate of the oil pump through the flow input signal device (button switch).
  • the engine can be adjusted linearly and steplessly according to the first flow of the oil pump, so that the engine speed reaches the first speed that matches the first flow, where the engine speed can increase as the flow of the oil pump increases, and decrease with the flow of the oil pump While decreasing.
  • This application compares the load power and the maximum power of the engine, and then adjusts the engine speed according to the comparison result, comprehensively considering the user's flow demand for the oil pump, limiting the minimum speed and maximum speed of the engine, making the engine economical and fuel-efficient and noise Work in a low area, thereby effectively reducing the energy consumption of the whole machine.
  • the engine is a CAN bus electronically controlled engine (CAN, Controller, Area Network, controller local area network), the power system can obtain the power of the engine in real time, the maximum power allowed by the external characteristic curve at the current speed, and can change according to the load and Considering that the engine's energy consumption and noise are automatically adjusted to the optimal speed, the engine's adaptability to changes in operating conditions is enhanced.
  • CAN CAN bus electronically controlled engine
  • the power system can obtain the power of the engine in real time, the maximum power allowed by the external characteristic curve at the current speed, and can change according to the load and Considering that the engine's energy consumption and noise are automatically adjusted to the optimal speed, the engine's adaptability to changes in operating conditions is enhanced.
  • control method of the power system in the above technical solution provided by the present application may further have the following additional technical features:
  • the step of adjusting the engine speed according to the comparison result includes: when the load power is less than the maximum power, the engine runs at the first speed; when the load power is greater than or equal to the maximum power, the engine speed is adjusted .
  • the step of adjusting the speed of the engine includes: detecting the duration of the load power greater than or equal to the maximum power; determining whether the duration is greater than The preset duration; when the duration is greater than or equal to the preset duration, adjust the engine speed; when the duration is less than the preset duration, the engine runs at the first speed.
  • the control method of the power system further includes detecting the duration of the load power greater than or equal to the maximum power, and determining whether the duration is greater than the Set the duration.
  • the duration is greater than or equal to the preset duration, it can be determined that the power output of the power system does not meet the needs of the equipment. Therefore, the engine speed must be adjusted to obtain a larger power output to meet the power needs of the equipment.
  • the duration is less than the preset duration, it can be determined that the power demand of the equipment is unstable, so the engine speed can be kept unchanged, and the duration of the load power greater than or equal to the maximum power can be continuously detected to determine whether the engine speed needs to be adjusted to adjust The power output of the power system.
  • control method of the power system further includes: detecting the system pressure of the oil pump; comparing the system pressure with the constant power adjustment pressure point of the oil pump; and adjusting the flow rate of the oil pump according to the comparison result.
  • control method of the power system further includes: when the load of the power system continues to increase, detecting the system pressure of the oil pump, comparing the detected system pressure with the constant power adjustment pressure point of the oil pump, and then according to The comparison results adjust the flow of the oil pump.
  • the oil pump is an electronic constant power oil pump. When the system pressure of the oil pump reaches the constant power adjustment pressure point, the oil pump will output constant power under the set constant torque. The pressure point is adjusted by comparing the system pressure with the constant power of the oil pump, and then the flow of the oil pump is adjusted to make the oil pump work at a constant power to ensure the normal operation of the engine and the normal operation of the equipment.
  • the step of adjusting the flow rate of the oil pump according to the comparison result includes: when the system pressure is less than or equal to the constant power adjustment pressure point, the oil pump is controlled to operate at the first flow rate; when the system pressure is greater than the constant The power adjusts the pressure point and controls the oil pump to operate at a second flow rate different from the first flow rate.
  • the specific steps for adjusting the flow of the oil pump according to the comparison result include: when the system pressure is less than or equal to the constant power adjustment pressure point, the oil pump is controlled to operate at the first flow, that is, the flow of the oil pump is still For the first flow rate input by the user, the flow rate of the oil pump remains unchanged.
  • the system pressure is greater than the constant power adjustment pressure point, the flow of the oil pump needs to be limited at this time, that is, the oil pump is controlled to operate at a second flow rate different from the first flow rate at this time, so that the oil pump outputs constant power at a constant torque to ensure the equipment’s normal work.
  • the step of controlling the oil pump to operate at a second flow rate different from the first flow rate includes: obtaining the second flow rate according to the system pressure and the set torque of the oil pump, the second flow rate being less than the first flow rate ; Control the oil pump to run at the second flow rate.
  • the step of controlling the oil pump to operate at a second flow rate different from the first flow rate specifically includes obtaining the second flow rate according to the system pressure and the set torque of the oil pump, where the second flow rate is less than the first flow rate, where the system pressure
  • the step of controlling the engine to operate at a first speed matching the first flow rate includes: calculating the flow rate of the oil pump and the engine's flow rate according to the universal characteristic curve of the engine and the external characteristic curve of the engine Matching relationship between the rotation speeds; calculating the first rotation speed according to the first flow rate and the matching relationship; controlling the engine to run at the first rotation speed.
  • the step of controlling the engine to operate at the first speed matching the first flow specifically includes: calculating the match between the flow rate of the oil pump and the engine speed according to the universal characteristic curve of the engine and the external characteristic curve of the engine Relationship, in which the universal characteristic curve of the engine mainly reflects the fuel consumption rate under different engine speeds and loads.
  • the external characteristic curve of the engine refers to the characteristic curve of the engine speed measured under the best working condition of the engine which can make the engine emit the maximum power.
  • the matching relationship between the flow rate of the oil pump and the engine speed can be obtained through the unique universal characteristic curve and the external characteristic curve of the engine, and then the first speed of the engine is calculated according to the first flow rate of the oil pump and the matching relationship, and then the engine is controlled Run at the first speed.
  • the step of adjusting the rotation speed of the engine includes: calculating a second rotation speed based on the universal characteristic curve of the engine and the load power of the engine, the second rotation speed being greater than the first rotation speed; Run at speed.
  • the step of adjusting the speed of the engine specifically includes: calculating the second speed according to the universal characteristic curve of the engine and the load power of the engine, the second speed is greater than the first speed, and the engine is controlled to operate at the second speed to satisfy The power requirements of the equipment.
  • the load power is greater than or equal to the maximum power, that is, the output power of the power system no longer meets the power demand of the device, the engine is first controlled to operate at a second speed different from the first speed, thereby increasing the power output of the engine.
  • the maximum power is the maximum power allowed by the external characteristic curve when the engine is running at the first speed;
  • the set torque of the oil pump is the maximum torque of the oil pump.
  • control method of the power system further includes: displaying the flow rate of the oil pump, the system pressure of the oil pump, the rotation speed of the engine, and the load power of the engine.
  • control method of the power system further includes displaying the flow rate of the oil pump, the system pressure of the oil pump, the speed of the engine, and the load power of the engine, so that the user can know the real-time status of the power system.
  • the step of adjusting the speed of the engine according to the comparison result it further includes obtaining the load torque of the engine and the maximum torque of the engine at the first speed, and comparing the load torque and the maximum torque , Where the comparison result includes the comparison result of the load torque and the maximum torque, and the comparison result of the load power and the maximum power.
  • the engine speed is adjusted by two comparison results, and the foregoing two comparison results include the comparison result of the load power and the maximum power, and the comparison result of the load torque and the maximum torque, which in turn can make the engine speed It is more suitable for working conditions and makes the engine work in an economical and fuel-efficient area with low noise, thereby effectively reducing the energy consumption of the whole machine.
  • the speed of the engine can be adjusted according to the difference of the ratio factors of the torque comparison result and the power comparison result.
  • the step of adjusting the speed of the engine according to the comparison result it further includes acquiring the load injection amount of the engine and the maximum injection amount of the engine at the first rotation speed, and injecting the load The amount and the maximum fuel injection amount are compared, where the comparison result includes the comparison result of the load power and the maximum power, and the comparison result of the load injection amount and the maximum fuel injection amount.
  • the engine speed is adjusted by two comparison results, and the foregoing two comparison results include the comparison result of the load power and the maximum power, and the comparison result of the load injection amount and the maximum injection amount, and then the The speed of the engine is more suitable for the requirements of working conditions, and the engine is operated in an economical and fuel-efficient area with low noise, thereby effectively reducing the energy consumption of the entire machine.
  • the speed of the engine can be adjusted according to the difference in the ratio factors between the power comparison result and the fuel injection amount comparison result.
  • the comparison result may also include a comparison result of the load torque and the maximum torque, a comparison result of the load power and the maximum power, and a comparison result of the load injection amount and the maximum injection amount, according to the torque
  • the ratio of the comparison result, power comparison result and fuel injection amount comparison result is different to adjust the engine speed.
  • a control system for a power system including: an acquisition unit configured to acquire a first flow of an oil pump; a control unit configured to control an engine to match a first flow of a first flow Run at speed; and used to obtain the load power of the engine and the maximum power of the engine at the first speed, compare the load power with the maximum power; and adjust the speed of the engine according to the comparison result.
  • the application provides a control system of a power system, wherein the power system includes an oil pump and an engine, the control system of the power system includes: an acquisition unit configured to acquire the first flow of the oil pump, and a control unit configured to control the engine to communicate with the first flow Match the first rotation speed to obtain the load power of the engine and the maximum power of the engine at the first rotation speed, and then compare the load power of the engine with the maximum power of the engine, and then adjust the rotation speed of the engine according to the comparison result.
  • the first flow rate of the oil pump is set by the user, that is, the user can set the flow rate of the oil pump through the flow input signal device (button switch).
  • the engine can be adjusted linearly and steplessly according to the first flow of the oil pump, so that the engine speed reaches the first speed that matches the first flow, where the engine speed can increase as the flow of the oil pump increases, and decrease with the flow of the oil pump While decreasing.
  • This application compares the load power and the maximum power of the engine, and then adjusts the engine speed according to the comparison result, comprehensively considering the user's flow demand for the oil pump, limiting the minimum speed and maximum speed of the engine, making the engine economical and fuel-efficient and noise Work in a low area, thereby effectively reducing the energy consumption of the whole machine.
  • the engine is a CAN bus electronically controlled engine (CAN, Controller, Area Network, controller local area network), the power system can obtain the power of the engine in real time, the maximum power allowed by the external characteristic curve at the current speed, and can change according to the load and Considering that the engine's energy consumption and noise are automatically adjusted to the optimal speed, the engine's adaptability to changes in operating conditions is enhanced.
  • CAN CAN bus electronically controlled engine
  • the power system can obtain the power of the engine in real time, the maximum power allowed by the external characteristic curve at the current speed, and can change according to the load and Considering that the engine's energy consumption and noise are automatically adjusted to the optimal speed, the engine's adaptability to changes in operating conditions is enhanced.
  • control system of the power system in the above technical solution provided by the present application may also have the following additional technical features:
  • control system of the power system includes: a detection unit configured to detect the system pressure of the oil pump; the control unit is also used to compare the system pressure with the constant power adjustment pressure point of the oil pump; according to the comparison result Adjust the flow of the oil pump.
  • the control system of the power system includes a detection unit configured to detect the system pressure of the oil pump.
  • the control unit is also used to compare the system pressure with the constant power adjustment pressure point of the oil pump; adjust the flow of the oil pump according to the comparison result.
  • the oil pump is an electronic constant power oil pump. When the system pressure of the oil pump reaches the constant power adjustment pressure point, the oil pump will output constant power under the set constant torque. The pressure point is adjusted by comparing the system pressure with the constant power of the oil pump, and then the flow of the oil pump is adjusted to ensure the normal operation of the power system and equipment.
  • control unit is further used to obtain the load torque of the engine and the maximum torque of the engine at the first speed, and to compare the load torque with the maximum torque; and/or the control unit is also used to obtain The load injection quantity of the engine and the maximum injection quantity of the engine at the first speed, compare the load injection quantity and the maximum injection quantity; the comparison result includes the comparison result of the load torque and the maximum torque, the load power and the maximum The comparison result of power and/or the comparison result of load injection quantity and maximum injection quantity.
  • the engine speed may be adjusted according to the power comparison result, torque comparison result, and/or fuel injection amount comparison result.
  • the rotation speed of the engine may be adjusted according to the difference in the ratio factors of the power comparison result, torque comparison result, and fuel injection amount comparison result.
  • control system of the power system includes: a display unit configured to display the flow rate of the oil pump, the system pressure of the oil pump, the rotation speed of the engine, and the load power of the engine.
  • the display unit enables the user to know in real time the parameter information such as the flow rate of the oil pump in the power system, the system pressure of the oil pump, the speed of the engine, and the load power of the engine.
  • an engineering machine which includes: a control system of a power system as provided in any of the above technical solutions.
  • the construction machinery provided by the present application includes the control system of the power system described in any one of the above technical solutions, and therefore has all the beneficial effects of the control system of the power system, which will not be repeated here.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic flowchart of a power system control method according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic flowchart of a control method of a power system according to a specific embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic flowchart of a control system of a power system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the embodiment of the first aspect of the present application provides a power system control method.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic flowchart of a power system control method according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 1, the method includes:
  • the present application provides a control method of a power system, wherein the power system includes an oil pump and an engine, and the control method of the power system includes acquiring a first flow of the oil pump, controlling the engine to operate at a first speed matching the first flow, and acquiring the engine
  • the load power of the engine and the maximum power of the engine at the first rotation speed are compared, and then the load power of the engine and the maximum power of the engine are compared, and then the rotation speed of the engine is adjusted according to the comparison result.
  • the first flow rate of the oil pump is set by the user, that is, the user can set the flow rate of the oil pump through the flow input signal device (button switch).
  • the engine can be adjusted linearly and steplessly according to the first flow of the oil pump, so that the engine speed reaches the first speed that matches the first flow, where the engine speed can increase as the flow of the oil pump increases, and decrease with the flow of the oil pump While decreasing.
  • This application compares the load power and the maximum power of the engine, and then adjusts the engine speed according to the comparison result, comprehensively considering the user's flow demand for the oil pump, limiting the minimum speed and maximum speed of the engine, making the engine economical and fuel-efficient and noise Work in a low area, thereby effectively reducing the energy consumption of the whole machine.
  • the engine is a CAN bus electronically controlled engine (CAN, Controller, Area Network, controller local area network), the power system can obtain the power of the engine in real time, the maximum power allowed by the external characteristic curve at the current speed, and can change according to the load and Considering that the engine's energy consumption and noise are automatically adjusted to the optimal speed, the engine's adaptability to changes in operating conditions is enhanced.
  • CAN CAN bus electronically controlled engine
  • the power system can obtain the power of the engine in real time, the maximum power allowed by the external characteristic curve at the current speed, and can change according to the load and Considering that the engine's energy consumption and noise are automatically adjusted to the optimal speed, the engine's adaptability to changes in operating conditions is enhanced.
  • the step of adjusting the engine speed according to the comparison result includes: when the load power is less than the maximum power, the engine runs at the first speed; when the load power is greater than or equal to the maximum power, the adjustment The engine speed.
  • the load power of the engine when the load power of the engine is less than the maximum power, it indicates that the engine speed and the flow rate of the oil pump meet the power requirements of the load at this time. At this time, the engine speed is unchanged and the engine is still running at the first speed.
  • the load power of the engine is greater than or equal to the maximum power, it means that the engine speed and the flow rate of the oil pump cannot meet the power demand of the load at this time, and the engine speed needs to be adjusted to meet the power demand of the load. The normal operation of the equipment with the power system.
  • the step of adjusting the speed of the engine includes: detecting the duration of the load power being greater than or equal to the maximum power; determining whether the duration is When the duration is greater than or equal to the preset duration, adjust the engine speed; when the duration is less than the preset duration, the engine runs at the first speed.
  • the control method of the power system further includes detecting the duration of the load power greater than or equal to the maximum power, and determining whether the duration is greater than the Set the duration.
  • the duration is greater than or equal to the preset duration, it can be determined that the power output of the power system does not meet the needs of the equipment. Therefore, the engine speed must be adjusted to obtain a larger power output to meet the power needs of the equipment.
  • the duration is less than the preset duration, it can be determined that the power demand of the equipment is unstable, so the engine speed can be kept unchanged, and the duration of the load power greater than or equal to the maximum power can be continuously detected to determine whether the engine speed needs to be adjusted to adjust The power output of the power system.
  • control method of the power system further includes: detecting the system pressure of the oil pump; comparing the system pressure with the constant power adjustment pressure point of the oil pump; and adjusting the flow rate of the oil pump according to the comparison result.
  • control method of the power system further includes: when the load of the power system continues to increase, detecting the system pressure of the oil pump, comparing the detected system pressure with the constant power adjustment pressure point of the oil pump, and then according to The comparison results adjust the flow of the oil pump.
  • the oil pump is an electronic constant power oil pump. When the system pressure of the oil pump reaches the constant power adjustment pressure point, the oil pump will output constant power under the set constant torque. The pressure point is adjusted by comparing the system pressure with the constant power of the oil pump, and then the flow of the oil pump is adjusted to make the oil pump work at a constant power to ensure the normal operation of the engine and the normal operation of the equipment.
  • the step of adjusting the flow rate of the oil pump according to the comparison result includes: when the system pressure is less than or equal to the constant power adjustment pressure point, the oil pump is controlled to operate at the first flow rate; when the system pressure is greater than The constant power adjusts the pressure point and controls the oil pump to operate at a second flow rate different from the first flow rate.
  • the specific steps of adjusting the flow rate of the oil pump according to the comparison result include: when the system pressure is less than or equal to the constant power adjustment pressure point, the oil pump is controlled to operate at the first flow rate, that is, the flow rate of the oil pump is still For the first flow rate input by the user, the flow rate of the oil pump remains unchanged.
  • the system pressure is greater than the constant power adjustment pressure point, the flow of the oil pump needs to be limited at this time, that is, the oil pump is controlled to operate at a second flow rate different from the first flow rate at this time, so that the oil pump outputs constant power at a constant torque to ensure the equipment’s normal work.
  • the step of controlling the oil pump to operate at a second flow rate different from the first flow rate includes: obtaining the second flow rate according to the system pressure and the set torque of the oil pump, the second flow rate being less than the first Flow; control the oil pump to run at the second flow.
  • the step of controlling the oil pump to operate at a second flow rate different from the first flow rate specifically includes obtaining the second flow rate according to the system pressure and the set torque of the oil pump, where the second flow rate is less than the first flow rate, where the system pressure
  • the step of controlling the engine to operate at a first speed matching the first flow rate includes: calculating the flow rate of the oil pump and the engine according to the universal characteristic curve of the engine and the external characteristic curve of the engine The matching relationship between the rotation speeds of the engine; calculating the first rotation speed according to the first flow rate and the matching relationship; controlling the engine to run at the first rotation speed.
  • the step of controlling the engine to operate at the first speed matching the first flow specifically includes: calculating the match between the flow rate of the oil pump and the engine speed according to the universal characteristic curve of the engine and the external characteristic curve of the engine Relationship, in which the universal characteristic curve of the engine mainly reflects the fuel consumption rate under different engine speeds and loads.
  • the external characteristic curve of the engine refers to the characteristic curve of the engine speed measured under the best working condition of the engine which can make the engine emit the maximum power.
  • the matching relationship between the flow rate of the oil pump and the engine speed can be obtained through the unique universal characteristic curve and the external characteristic curve of the engine, and then the first speed of the engine is calculated according to the first flow rate of the oil pump and the matching relationship, and then the engine is controlled Run at the first speed.
  • adjusting the speed of the engine includes: calculating a second speed according to the universal characteristic curve of the engine and the load power of the engine, the second speed being greater than the first speed; controlling the engine to operate at the second speed .
  • the step of adjusting the speed of the engine specifically includes: calculating the second speed based on the universal characteristic curve of the engine and the load power of the engine, the second speed is greater than the first speed, and the engine is controlled to operate at the second speed to meet The power requirements of the equipment.
  • the load power is greater than or equal to the maximum power, that is, the output power of the power system no longer meets the power demand of the device, the engine is first controlled to operate at a second speed different from the first speed, thereby increasing the power output of the engine.
  • the maximum power is the maximum power allowed by the external characteristic curve when the engine is running at the first speed; the set torque of the oil pump is the maximum torque of the oil pump.
  • control method of the power system further includes: displaying the flow rate of the oil pump, the system pressure of the oil pump, the rotation speed of the engine, and the load power of the engine.
  • control method of the power system further includes displaying the flow rate of the oil pump, the system pressure of the oil pump, the rotation speed of the engine, and the load power of the engine, so that the user can know the real-time status of the power system.
  • the step of adjusting the speed of the engine according to the comparison result it further includes obtaining the load torque of the engine and the maximum torque of the engine at the first speed, and comparing the load torque and the maximum torque , Where the comparison result includes the comparison result of the load torque and the maximum torque, and the comparison result of the load power and the maximum power.
  • the engine speed is adjusted by two comparison results, and the foregoing two comparison results include the comparison result of the load power and the maximum power, and the comparison result of the load torque and the maximum torque, which in turn can make the engine speed It is more suitable for working conditions and makes the engine work in an economical and fuel-efficient area with low noise, thereby effectively reducing the energy consumption of the whole machine.
  • the speed of the engine can be adjusted according to the difference of the ratio factors of the torque comparison result and the power comparison result.
  • the step of adjusting the speed of the engine according to the comparison result it further includes acquiring the load injection amount of the engine and the maximum injection amount of the engine at the first rotation speed, and injecting the load The amount and the maximum fuel injection amount are compared, where the comparison result includes the comparison result of the load power and the maximum power, and the comparison result of the load injection amount and the maximum fuel injection amount.
  • the engine speed is adjusted by two comparison results, and the foregoing two comparison results include the comparison result of the load power and the maximum power, and the comparison result of the load injection amount and the maximum injection amount, and then the The speed of the engine is more suitable for the requirements of working conditions, and the engine is operated in an economical and fuel-efficient area with low noise, thereby effectively reducing the energy consumption of the entire machine.
  • the speed of the engine can be adjusted according to the difference in the ratio factors between the power comparison result and the fuel injection amount comparison result.
  • the comparison result may also include a comparison result of the load torque and the maximum torque, a comparison result of the load power and the maximum power, and a comparison result of the load injection amount and the maximum injection amount, according to the torque
  • the ratio of the comparison result, power comparison result and fuel injection amount comparison result is different to adjust the engine speed.
  • the step of adjusting the engine speed according to the comparison result of the load torque and the maximum torque includes: when the load torque is less than the maximum torque, the engine runs at the first speed; when the load torque is greater than or equal to the maximum torque, the engine speed is adjusted.
  • the step of adjusting the speed of the engine includes: detecting the duration of the load torque being greater than or equal to the maximum torque; judging whether the duration is greater than the preset duration; when the duration is greater than or Equal to the preset duration, adjust the engine speed; when the duration is less than the preset duration, the engine runs at the first speed.
  • the step of adjusting the engine speed according to the comparison result of the load injection amount and the maximum injection amount includes: when the load injection amount is less than the maximum injection amount, the engine runs at the first speed; when the load injection amount is greater than or When it is equal to the maximum fuel injection, adjust the engine speed.
  • the step of adjusting the speed of the engine includes: detecting the duration of the load injection quantity greater than or equal to the maximum injection quantity; determining whether the duration is greater than The preset duration; when the duration is greater than or equal to the preset duration, adjust the engine speed; when the duration is less than the preset duration, the engine runs at the first speed.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic flowchart of a power system control method according to a specific embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 2, the control method includes:
  • the embodiment of the second aspect of the present application provides a control system 100 for a power system.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic flowchart of a control system of a power system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the system includes: an acquisition unit 102 configured to acquire the first flow rate of the oil pump; a control unit 104 configured to control the engine to operate at a first speed matching the first flow rate; and used to acquire the load of the engine
  • the power and the maximum power of the engine at the first speed are used to compare the load power with the maximum power; and are used to adjust the speed of the engine according to the comparison result.
  • the present application provides a control system for a power system, wherein the power system includes an oil pump and an engine.
  • the control system of the power system includes: an acquisition unit 102 configured to acquire a first flow of the oil pump, and a control unit 104 configured to control the engine to communicate with the first flow Match the first rotation speed to obtain the load power of the engine and the maximum power of the engine at the first rotation speed, and then compare the load power of the engine with the maximum power of the engine, and then adjust the rotation speed of the engine according to the comparison result.
  • the first flow rate of the oil pump is set by the user, that is, the user can set the flow rate of the oil pump through the flow input signal device (button switch).
  • the engine can be adjusted linearly and steplessly according to the first flow of the oil pump, so that the engine speed reaches the first speed that matches the first flow, where the engine speed can increase as the flow of the oil pump increases and decrease as the flow of the oil pump decreases While decreasing.
  • This application compares the load power and the maximum power of the engine, and then adjusts the engine speed according to the comparison result, comprehensively considering the user's flow demand for the oil pump, limiting the minimum speed and maximum speed of the engine, so that the engine is economical and fuel-efficient and noise Work in a low area, thereby effectively reducing the energy consumption of the whole machine.
  • the engine is a CAN bus electronically controlled engine (CAN, Controller, Area Network, controller local area network).
  • the power system can obtain the power of the engine in real time, the maximum power allowed by the external characteristic curve at the current speed, and can change according to the load and Considering that the engine's energy consumption and noise are automatically adjusted to the optimal speed, the engine's adaptability to changes in operating conditions is enhanced.
  • control system of the power system includes: a detection unit configured to detect the system pressure of the oil pump; the control unit is also used to compare the system pressure with the constant power adjustment pressure point of the oil pump; Adjust the flow of the oil pump according to the comparison result.
  • the control system of the power system includes a detection unit configured to detect the system pressure of the oil pump.
  • the control unit is also used to compare the system pressure with the constant power adjustment pressure point of the oil pump; adjust the flow of the oil pump according to the comparison result.
  • the oil pump is an electronic constant power oil pump. When the system pressure of the oil pump reaches the constant power adjustment pressure point, the oil pump will output constant power at the set constant torque. The pressure point is adjusted by comparing the system pressure with the constant power of the oil pump, and then the flow of the oil pump is adjusted to ensure the normal operation of the power system and equipment.
  • control unit is further used to obtain the load torque of the engine and the maximum torque of the engine at the first speed, and to compare the load torque with the maximum torque; and/or the control unit is also used to obtain The load injection quantity of the engine and the maximum injection quantity of the engine at the first speed, compare the load injection quantity and the maximum injection quantity; the comparison result includes the comparison result of the load torque and the maximum torque, the load power and the maximum The comparison result of power and/or the comparison result of load injection quantity and maximum injection quantity.
  • the engine speed may be adjusted according to the power comparison result, torque comparison result, and/or fuel injection amount comparison result.
  • the rotation speed of the engine may be adjusted according to the difference in the ratio factors of the power comparison result, torque comparison result, and fuel injection amount comparison result.
  • control system of the power system includes: a display unit configured to display the flow rate of the oil pump, the system pressure of the oil pump, the rotation speed of the engine, and the load power of the engine.
  • the display unit enables the user to obtain real-time parameter information such as the flow rate of the oil pump in the power system, the system pressure of the oil pump, the speed of the engine, and the load power of the engine.
  • a construction machine which includes: a control system of a power system as provided in any of the foregoing embodiments.
  • the construction machinery provided by the present application includes the control system of the power system described in any one of the above embodiments, and therefore has all the beneficial effects of the control system of the power system, which will not be repeated here.
  • connection refers to two or more than two, unless otherwise specifically limited.
  • connection may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; “connection” may It is directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediary.

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Abstract

一种动力系统的控制方法，包括获取油泵的第一流量（S102）；控制发动机以与第一流量相匹配的第一转速运行（S104）；获取发动机的负载功率及发动机在第一转速下的最大功率（S106）；对负载功率和最大功率进行比较（S108）；根据比较结果调节发动机的转速（S110），该控制方法能使发动机在经济省油以及噪声低的区域内工作，从而有效降低整机能耗。一种控制系统及工程机械也被公开。

Description

动力系统的控制方法、控制系统及工程机械
本申请要求于2018年12月12日提交中国专利局、申请号为201811519830.X、发明创造名称为“动力系统的控制方法、控制系统及工程机械”的中国专利申请的优先权，上述申请全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及工程机械技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种动力系统的控制方法、一种动力系统的控制系统和一种工程机械。
背景技术
目前，混凝土泵的发动机节能控制主要采用两种控制方式：一种是在油泵的固定排量下设置发动机以固定转速运行；另一种是获取发动机输出功率以调节发动机以适合的转速运行。然而第一种控制方式无法实现根据负载变化调节发动机转速，若发动机持续以高转速运行时，则油耗较高，若发动机的固定转速设置较低时，则在负载较高的情况下容易熄火；当工程机械的负载变化频繁时，在第二种控制方式下，发动机的转速就会不停地被调速，转速忽高忽低，影响发动机的安全使用性能。
发明内容
本申请旨在至少解决现有技术或相关技术中存在的技术问题之一。
为此，本申请的第一个方面在于，提出一种动力系统的控制方法。
本申请的第二个方面在于，提出一种动力系统的控制系统。
本申请的第三个方面在于，提出一种工程机械。
有鉴于此，根据本申请的第一个方面，提供了一种动力系统的控制方法，动力系统包括油泵和发动机，其中，动力系统的控制方法包括：获取 油泵的第一流量；控制发动机以与第一流量相匹配的第一转速运行；获取发动机的负载功率和发动机在第一转速下的最大功率；对负载功率与最大功率进行比较；根据比较结果调节发动机的转速。
本申请提供了一种动力系统的控制方法，其中动力系统包括油泵和发动机，动力系统的控制方法包括获取油泵的第一流量，控制发动机以与第一流量相匹配的第一转速运行，获取发动机的负载功率和发动机在第一转速下的最大功率，进而对发动机的负载功率和发动机的最大功率进行比较，随后根据比较结果对发动机的转速进行调节。其中，油泵的第一流量为用户设置，即用户可以通过流量输入信号装置(钮子开关)设置油泵的流量。发动机可以根据油泵的第一流量进行线性比例无级调节，使得发动机的转速达到与第一流量相匹配的第一转速，其中发动机的转速可随油泵的流量增加而增加，随油泵的流量减小而减小。本申请根据对发动机的负载功率和最大功率进行比较，进而根据比较结果对发动机的转速进行调节，综合考虑用户对于油泵的流量需求，限制发动机的最低转速和最高转速，使得发动机在经济省油以及噪声低的区域内工作，从而有效降低整机能耗。其中，发动机为CAN总线电控发动机(CAN，Controller Area Network，控制器局域网络)，动力系统可以实时获取发动机的功率、当前转速下的外特性曲线所允许的最大功率，并可以根据负载变化且考虑发动机的能耗与噪声自动调节到最佳转速，使得发动机对于工况变化的适应力增强。
另外，根据本申请提供的上述技术方案中的动力系统的控制方法，还可以具有如下附加技术特征：
在上述技术方案中，优选地，根据比较结果调节发动机的转速的步骤，包括：当负载功率小于最大功率时，发动机以第一转速运行；当负载功率大于或等于最大功率时，调节发动机的转速。
在该技术方案中，当发动机的负载功率小于最大功率时，则表明此时发动机的转速以及油泵的流量满足负载的动力需求，此时发动机的转速不变，仍以第一转速运行。当发动机的负载功率大于或等于最大功率时，则表明此时发动机的转速以及油泵的流量不能满足负载的动力需求，此时需要对发动机的转速进行调节，以使其满足负载的动力需求，确保具有该动力系统的设备的正常工 作。
在上述任一技术方案中，优选地，在当负载功率大于或等于最大功率时的步骤之后，调节发动机的转速的步骤包括：检测负载功率大于或等于最大功率的持续时长；判断持续时长是否大于预设时长；当持续时长大于或等于预设时长，调节发动机的转速；当持续时长小于预设时长，发动机以第一转速运行。
在该技术方案中，在当负载功率大于或等于最大功率的步骤之后，调节发动机的转速之前，动力系统的控制方法还包括检测负载功率大于或等于最大功率的持续时长，判断持续时长是否大于预设时长，当持续时长大于或等于预设时长时，则可判定动力系统的动力输出不满足设备的需求，因此必须调节发动机转速以获取较大的动力输出，进而满足设备的动力需求。而当持续时长小于预设时长，则可判定设备的动力需求不稳定，因此可令发动机的转速不变，继续检测负载功率大于或等于最大功率的持续时长以判定是否需要调节发动机的转速以调节动力系统的动力输出。
在上述任一技术方案中，优选地，动力系统的控制方法还包括：检测油泵的系统压力；将系统压力和油泵的恒功率调节压力点进行比较；根据比较结果对油泵的流量进行调节。
在该技术方案中，动力系统的控制方法还包括：当动力系统的负载继续增大时，则检测油泵的系统压力，将检测所得的系统压力和油泵的恒功率调节压力点进行比较，进而根据比较结果对油泵的流量进行调节。其中，油泵为电子恒功率油泵，当油泵的系统压力达到恒功率调节压力点时，则油泵在设定的恒定扭矩下将恒功率输出。通过比较系统压力和油泵的恒功率调节压力点，进而采取调整油泵的流量，以使油泵在恒定功率下工作，确保发动机的正常运转，以确保设备的正常工作。
在上述任一技术方案中，优选地，根据比较结果对油泵的流量进行调节的步骤，包括：当系统压力小于或等于恒功率调节压力点，控制油泵以第一流量运行；当系统压力大于恒功率调节压力点，控制油泵以不同于第一流量的第二流量运行。
在该技术方案中，根据比较结果对油泵的流量进行调节的具体步骤包括：当系统压力小于或等于恒功率调节压力点时，则控制油泵以第一流量运行，也 就是说，油泵的流量仍为用户输入的第一流量，油泵的流量不变。当系统压力大于恒功率调节压力点时，则此时需限制油泵的流量，即此时控制油泵以不同于第一流量的第二流量运行，使得油泵在恒定扭矩下恒功率输出，确保设备的正常工作。
在上述任一技术方案中，优选地，控制油泵以不同于第一流量的第二流量运行的步骤，包括：根据系统压力和油泵的设定扭矩获取第二流量，第二流量小于第一流量；控制油泵以第二流量运行。
在该技术方案中，控制油泵以不同于第一流量的第二流量运行的步骤具体包括，根据系统压力和油泵的设定扭矩获取第二流量，其中第二流量小于第一流量，其中系统压力和油泵的设定扭矩满足公式：油泵的流量＝(油泵的设定扭矩*2π)/系统压力，即当系统压力增加时，则油泵的流量将被限制，进而以使得油泵在恒定扭矩下恒功率输出，确保设备的正常工作。
在上述任一技术方案中，优选地，控制发动机以与第一流量相匹配的第一转速运行的步骤，包括：根据发动机的万有特性曲线和发动机的外特性曲线计算油泵的流量与发动机的转速之间的匹配关系；根据第一流量和匹配关系计算第一转速；控制发动机以第一转速运行。
在该技术方案中，控制发动机以与第一流量相匹配的第一转速运行的步骤具体包括：根据发动机的万有特性曲线和发动机的外特性曲线计算油泵的流量与发动机的转速之间的匹配关系，其中，发动机的万有特性曲线主要反映不同的发动机转速和负载情况下的油耗率。发动机的外特性曲线是指在发动机最好的工作状态下能使发动机发出最大功率的情况下测出来的发动机速度特性曲线。通过发动机特有的万有特性曲线和外特性曲线可以获得油泵的流量与发动机的转速之间的匹配关系，进而根据油泵的第一流量和该匹配关系计算得出发动机的第一转速，进而控制发动机以第一转速运行。
在上述任一技术方案中，优选地，调节发动机的转速的步骤，包括：根据发动机的万有特性曲线和发动机的负载功率计算第二转速，第二转速大于第一转速；控制发动机以第二转速运行。
在该技术方案中，调节发动机的转速的步骤具体包括：根据发动机的万有特性曲线和发动机的负载功率计算第二转速，第二转速大于第一转速，控制发 动机以第二转速运行，以满足设备的动力需求。当负载功率大于或等于最大功率时，即此时动力系统的输出动力已经不满足设备的动力需求，则先控制发动机以不同于第一转速的第二转速运行，进而提升发动机的动力输出。
在上述任一技术方案中，优选地，最大功率为发动机以第一转速运行时外特性曲线允许的最大功率；油泵的设定扭矩为油泵的最大扭矩。
在上述任一技术方案中，优选地，动力系统的控制方法还包括：显示油泵的流量、油泵的系统压力、发动机的转速和发动机的负载功率。
在该技术方案中，动力系统的控制方法还包括显示油泵的流量、油泵的系统压力、发动机的转速和发动机的负载功率，便于用户可以获知动力系统的实时状态。
在上述任一技术方案中，优选地，在根据比较结果调节发动机的转速的步骤之前，还包括获取发动机的负载扭矩及发动机在第一转速下的最大扭矩，并对负载扭矩和最大扭矩进行比较，其中比较结果包括负载扭矩和最大扭矩的比较结果，以及负载功率和最大功率的比较结果。
在该技术方案中，通过两种比较结果对发动机的转速进行调节，而前述两种比较结果包括负载功率和最大功率的比较结果，以及负载扭矩和最大扭矩的比较结果，进而可使得发动机的速度更加适用于工况需求，且使得发动机在经济省油以及噪声低的区域内工作，从而有效降低整机能耗。其中，可以根据扭矩比较结果和功率比较结果的占比因子不同而对发动机的转速进行调节。
在上述任一技术方案中，优选地，在根据比较结果调节发动机的转速的步骤之前，还包括获取发动机的负载喷油量及发动机在第一转速下的最大喷油量，并对负载喷油量和最大喷油量进行比较，其中比较结果包括负载功率和最大功率的比较结果，以及负载喷油量和最大喷油量的比较结果。
在该技术方案中，通过两种比较结果对发动机的转速进行调节，而前述两种比较结果包括负载功率和最大功率的比较结果，以及负载喷油量和最大喷油量的比较结果，进而可使得发动机的速度更加适用于工况需求，且使得发动机在经济省油以及噪声低的区域内工作，从而有效降低整机能耗。其中，可以根据功率比较结果和喷油量比较结果的占比因子不同而对发动机的转速进行调节。
在上述任一技术方案中，优选地，比较结果也可以包括负载扭矩和最大扭矩的比较结果，负载功率和最大功率的比较结果以及负载喷油量和最大喷油量的比较结果，可以根据扭矩比较结果、功率比较结果和喷油量比较结果的占比因子不同而对发动机的转速进行调节。
根据本申请的第二个方面，提供了一种动力系统的控制系统，包括：获取单元，配置为获取油泵的第一流量；控制单元，配置为控制发动机以与第一流量相匹配的第一转速运行；并用于获取发动机的负载功率和发动机在第一转速下的最大功率，对负载功率与最大功率进行比较；并用于根据比较结果调节发动机的转速。
本申请提供一种动力系统的控制系统，其中动力系统包括油泵和发动机，动力系统的控制系统包括：获取单元，配置为获取油泵的第一流量，控制单元，配置为控制发动机以与第一流量相匹配的第一转速运行，获取发动机的负载功率和发动机在第一转速下的最大功率，进而对发动机的负载功率和发动机的最大功率进行比较，随后根据比较结果对发动机的转速进行调节。其中，油泵的第一流量为用户设置，即用户可以通过流量输入信号装置(钮子开关)设置油泵的流量。发动机可以根据油泵的第一流量进行线性比例无级调节，使得发动机的转速达到与第一流量相匹配的第一转速，其中发动机的转速可随油泵的流量增加而增加，随油泵的流量减小而减小。本申请根据对发动机的负载功率和最大功率进行比较，进而根据比较结果对发动机的转速进行调节，综合考虑用户对于油泵的流量需求，限制发动机的最低转速和最高转速，使得发动机在经济省油以及噪声低的区域内工作，从而有效降低整机能耗。其中，发动机为CAN总线电控发动机(CAN，Controller Area Network，控制器局域网络)，动力系统可以实时获取发动机的功率、当前转速下的外特性曲线所允许的最大功率，并可以根据负载变化且考虑发动机的能耗与噪声自动调节到最佳转速，使得发动机对于工况变化的适应力增强。
另外，根据本申请提供的上述技术方案中的动力系统的控制系统，还可以具有如下附加技术特征：
在上述技术方案中，优选地，动力系统的控制系统包括：检测单元，配置为检测油泵的系统压力；控制单元还用于，将系统压力和油泵的恒功率调节压 力点进行比较；根据比较结果对油泵的流量进行调节。
在该技术方案中，动力系统的控制系统包括检测单元，检测单元配置为检测油泵的系统压力。控制单元还用于将系统压力和油泵的恒功率调节压力点进行比较；根据比较结果对油泵的流量进行调节。其中，油泵为电子恒功率油泵，当油泵的系统压力达到恒功率调节压力点时，则油泵在设定的恒定扭矩下将恒功率输出。通过比较系统压力和油泵的恒功率调节压力点，进而采取调整油泵的流量以确保动力系统和设备的正常运行。
在上述任一技术方案中，优选地，控制单元还用于获取发动机的负载扭矩及发动机在第一转速下的最大扭矩，对负载扭矩和最大扭矩进行比较；和/或控制单元还用于获取发动机的负载喷油量及发动机在第一转速下的最大喷油量，对负载喷油量和最大喷油量进行比较；其中，比较结果包括负载扭矩和最大扭矩的比较结果、负载功率和最大功率的比较结果和/或负载喷油量和最大喷油量的比较结果。
在该技术方案中，可以根据功率比较结果、扭矩比较结果和/或喷油量比较结果对发动机的转速进行调节。优选地，可以根据功率比较结果、扭矩比较结果以及喷油量比较结果的占比因子不同而对发动机的转速进行调节。
在上述任一技术方案中，优选地，动力系统的控制系统包括：显示单元，配置为显示油泵的流量、油泵的系统压力、发动机的转速和发动机的负载功率。
在该技术方案中，通过显示单元使得用户实时获知动力系统中油泵的流量、油泵的系统压力、发动机的转速和发动机的负载功率等参数信息。
根据本申请的第三个方面，提供了一种工程机械，其包括：如上述任一技术方案中所提供的动力系统的控制系统。
本申请提供的工程机械，包括上述任一技术方案所述的动力系统的控制系统，因此具有该动力系统的控制系统的全部有益效果，在此不再赘述。
本申请的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述部分中变得明显，或通过本申请的实践了解到。
附图说明
本申请的上述和/或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施例的描 述中将变得明显和容易理解，其中：
图1示出了本申请一个实施例的动力系统的控制方法的示意流程图；
图2示出了本申请一个具体实施例的动力系统的控制方法的示意流程图；
图3示出了本申请一个实施例的动力系统的控制系统的示意流程图。
具体实施方式
为了能够更清楚地理解本申请的上述目的、特征和优点，下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本申请进行进一步的详细描述。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
在下面的描述中阐述了很多具体细节以便于充分理解本申请，但是，本申请还可以采用其他不同于在此描述的其他方式来实施，因此，本申请的保护范围并不受下面公开的具体实施例的限制。
下面参照图1至图3描述根据本申请一些实施例所述的动力系统的控制方法、动力系统的控制系统和工程机械。
本申请第一方面的实施例提供了一种动力系统的控制方法。
图1示出了本申请一个实施例的动力系统的控制方法的示意流程图。如图1所示，该方法包括：
S102，获取油泵的第一流量；
S104，控制发动机以与第一流量相匹配的第一转速运行；
S106，获取发动机的负载功率和发动机在第一转速下的最大功率；
S108，对负载功率与最大功率进行比较；
S110，根据比较结果调节发动机的转速。
本申请提供了一种动力系统的控制方法，其中动力系统包括油泵和发动机，动力系统的控制方法包括获取油泵的第一流量，控制发动机以与第一流量相匹配的第一转速运行，获取发动机的负载功率和发动机在第一转速下的最大功率，进而对发动机的负载功率和发动机的最大功率进行比较，随后根据比较结果对发动机的转速进行调节。其中，油泵的第一流量为用户设置，即用户可以通过流量输入信号装置(钮子开关)设置油泵的流量。 发动机可以根据油泵的第一流量进行线性比例无级调节，使得发动机的转速达到与第一流量相匹配的第一转速，其中发动机的转速可随油泵的流量增加而增加，随油泵的流量减小而减小。本申请根据对发动机的负载功率和最大功率进行比较，进而根据比较结果对发动机的转速进行调节，综合考虑用户对于油泵的流量需求，限制发动机的最低转速和最高转速，使得发动机在经济省油以及噪声低的区域内工作，从而有效降低整机能耗。其中，发动机为CAN总线电控发动机(CAN，Controller Area Network，控制器局域网络)，动力系统可以实时获取发动机的功率、当前转速下的外特性曲线所允许的最大功率，并可以根据负载变化且考虑发动机的能耗与噪声自动调节到最佳转速，使得发动机对于工况变化的适应力增强。
在本申请的一个实施例中，优选地，根据比较结果调节发动机的转速的步骤，包括：当负载功率小于最大功率时，发动机以第一转速运行；当负载功率大于或等于最大功率时，调节发动机的转速。
在该实施例中，当发动机的负载功率小于最大功率时，则表明此时发动机的转速以及油泵的流量满足负载的动力需求，此时发动机的转速不变，仍以第一转速运行。当发动机的负载功率大于或等于最大功率时，则表明此时发动机的转速以及油泵的流量不能满足负载的动力需求，此时需要对发动机的转速进行调节，以使其满足负载的动力需求，确保具有该动力系统的设备的正常工作。
在本申请的一个实施例中，优选地，在当负载功率大于或等于最大功率时的步骤之后，调节发动机的转速的步骤包括：检测负载功率大于或等于最大功率的持续时长；判断持续时长是否大于预设时长；当持续时长大于或等于预设时长，调节发动机的转速；当持续时长小于预设时长，发动机以第一转速运行。
在该实施例中，在当负载功率大于或等于最大功率的步骤之后，调节发动机的转速之前，动力系统的控制方法还包括检测负载功率大于或等于最大功率的持续时长，判断持续时长是否大于预设时长，当持续时长大于或等于预设时长时，则可判定动力系统的动力输出不满足设备的需求，因此必须调节发动机转速以获取较大的动力输出，进而满足设备的动力需求。 而当持续时长小于预设时长，则可判定设备的动力需求不稳定，因此可令发动机的转速不变，继续检测负载功率大于或等于最大功率的持续时长以判定是否需要调节发动机的转速以调节动力系统的动力输出。
在本申请的一个实施例中，优选地，动力系统的控制方法还包括：检测油泵的系统压力；将系统压力和油泵的恒功率调节压力点进行比较；根据比较结果对油泵的流量进行调节。
在该实施例中，动力系统的控制方法还包括：当动力系统的负载继续增大时，则检测油泵的系统压力，将检测所得的系统压力和油泵的恒功率调节压力点进行比较，进而根据比较结果对油泵的流量进行调节。其中，油泵为电子恒功率油泵，当油泵的系统压力达到恒功率调节压力点时，则油泵在设定的恒定扭矩下将恒功率输出。通过比较系统压力和油泵的恒功率调节压力点，进而采取调整油泵的流量，以使油泵在恒定功率下工作，确保发动机的正常运转，以确保设备的正常工作。
在本申请的一个实施例中，优选地，根据比较结果对油泵的流量进行调节的步骤，包括：当系统压力小于或等于恒功率调节压力点，控制油泵以第一流量运行；当系统压力大于恒功率调节压力点，控制油泵以不同于第一流量的第二流量运行。
在该实施例中，根据比较结果对油泵的流量进行调节的具体步骤包括：当系统压力小于或等于恒功率调节压力点时，则控制油泵以第一流量运行，也就是说，油泵的流量仍为用户输入的第一流量，油泵的流量不变。当系统压力大于恒功率调节压力点时，则此时需限制油泵的流量，即此时控制油泵以不同于第一流量的第二流量运行，使得油泵在恒定扭矩下恒功率输出，确保设备的正常工作。
在本申请的一个实施例中，优选地，控制油泵以不同于第一流量的第二流量运行的步骤，包括：根据系统压力和油泵的设定扭矩获取第二流量，第二流量小于第一流量；控制油泵以第二流量运行。
在该实施例中，控制油泵以不同于第一流量的第二流量运行的步骤具体包括，根据系统压力和油泵的设定扭矩获取第二流量，其中第二流量小于第一流量，其中系统压力和油泵的设定扭矩满足公式：油泵的流量＝(油 泵的设定扭矩*2π)/系统压力，即当系统压力增加时，则油泵的流量将被限制，进而以使得油泵在恒定扭矩下恒功率输出，确保设备的正常工作。
在本申请的一个实施例中，优选地，控制发动机以与第一流量相匹配的第一转速运行的步骤，包括：根据发动机的万有特性曲线和发动机的外特性曲线计算油泵的流量与发动机的转速之间的匹配关系；根据第一流量和匹配关系计算第一转速；控制发动机以第一转速运行。
在该实施例中，控制发动机以与第一流量相匹配的第一转速运行的步骤具体包括：根据发动机的万有特性曲线和发动机的外特性曲线计算油泵的流量与发动机的转速之间的匹配关系，其中，发动机的万有特性曲线主要反映不同的发动机转速和负载情况下的油耗率。发动机的外特性曲线是指在发动机最好的工作状态下能使发动机发出最大功率的情况下测出来的发动机速度特性曲线。通过发动机特有的万有特性曲线和外特性曲线可以获得油泵的流量与发动机的转速之间的匹配关系，进而根据油泵的第一流量和该匹配关系计算得出发动机的第一转速，进而控制发动机以第一转速运行。
在本申请的一个实施例中，优选地，调节发动机的转速包括：根据发动机的万有特性曲线和发动机的负载功率计算第二转速，第二转速大于第一转速；控制发动机以第二转速运行。
在该实施例中，调节发动机的转速的步骤具体包括：根据发动机的万有特性曲线和发动机的负载功率计算第二转速，第二转速大于第一转速，控制发动机以第二转速运行，以满足设备的动力需求。当负载功率大于或等于最大功率时，即此时动力系统的输出动力已经不满足设备的动力需求，则先控制发动机以不同于第一转速的第二转速运行，进而提升发动机的动力输出。
在本申请的一个实施例中，优选地，最大功率为发动机以第一转速运行时外特性曲线允许的最大功率；油泵的设定扭矩为油泵的最大扭矩。
在本申请的一个实施例中，优选地，动力系统的控制方法还包括：显示油泵的流量、油泵的系统压力、发动机的转速和发动机的负载功率。
在该实施例中，动力系统的控制方法还包括显示油泵的流量、油泵的 系统压力、发动机的转速和发动机的负载功率，便于用户可以获知动力系统的实时状态。
在上述任一技术方案中，优选地，在根据比较结果调节发动机的转速的步骤之前，还包括获取发动机的负载扭矩及发动机在第一转速下的最大扭矩，并对负载扭矩和最大扭矩进行比较，其中比较结果包括负载扭矩和最大扭矩的比较结果，以及负载功率和最大功率的比较结果。
在该技术方案中，通过两种比较结果对发动机的转速进行调节，而前述两种比较结果包括负载功率和最大功率的比较结果，以及负载扭矩和最大扭矩的比较结果，进而可使得发动机的速度更加适用于工况需求，且使得发动机在经济省油以及噪声低的区域内工作，从而有效降低整机能耗。其中，可以根据扭矩比较结果和功率比较结果的占比因子不同而对发动机的转速进行调节。
在上述任一技术方案中，优选地，在根据比较结果调节发动机的转速的步骤之前，还包括获取发动机的负载喷油量及发动机在第一转速下的最大喷油量，并对负载喷油量和最大喷油量进行比较，其中比较结果包括负载功率和最大功率的比较结果，以及负载喷油量和最大喷油量的比较结果。
在该技术方案中，通过两种比较结果对发动机的转速进行调节，而前述两种比较结果包括负载功率和最大功率的比较结果，以及负载喷油量和最大喷油量的比较结果，进而可使得发动机的速度更加适用于工况需求，且使得发动机在经济省油以及噪声低的区域内工作，从而有效降低整机能耗。其中，可以根据功率比较结果和喷油量比较结果的占比因子不同而对发动机的转速进行调节。
在上述任一技术方案中，优选地，比较结果也可以包括负载扭矩和最大扭矩的比较结果，负载功率和最大功率的比较结果以及负载喷油量和最大喷油量的比较结果，可以根据扭矩比较结果、功率比较结果和喷油量比较结果的占比因子不同而对发动机的转速进行调节。
具体地，根据负载扭矩和最大扭矩的比较结果调节发动机的转速的步骤，包括：当负载扭矩小于最大扭矩，发动机以第一转速运行；当负载扭矩大于或等于最大扭矩，调节发动机的转速。优选地，在当负载扭矩大于 或等于最大扭矩的步骤之后，调节发动机的转速的步骤包括：检测负载扭矩大于或等于最大扭矩的持续时长；判断持续时长是否大于预设时长；当持续时长大于或等于预设时长，调节发动机的转速；当持续时长小于预设时长，发动机以第一转速运行。
另外，根据负载喷油量和最大喷油量的比较结果调节发动机的转速的步骤，包括：当负载喷油量小于最大喷油量时，发动机以第一转速运行；当负载喷油量大于或等于最大喷油量时，调节发动机的转速。优选地，在当负载喷油量大于或等于最大喷油量时的步骤之后，调节发动机的转速的步骤包括：检测负载喷油量大于或等于最大喷油量的持续时长；判断持续时长是否大于预设时长；当持续时长大于或等于预设时长，调节发动机的转速；当持续时长小于预设时长，发动机以第一转速运行。
图2示出了本申请一个具体实施例的动力系统的控制方法的示意流程图，如图2所示，该控制方法包括：
S202，获取油泵的第一流量；
S204，控制发动机以与第一流量相匹配的第一转速运行；
S206，获取发动机的负载功率和发动机在第一转速下的最大功率；
S208，对负载功率与最大功率进行比较；
S210，当负载功率小于最大功率时，发动机以第一转速运行；
S212，当负载功率大于或等于最大功率时，检测负载功率大于或等于最大功率的持续时长；
S214，判断持续时长是否大于预设时长；
S216，若否，发动机以第一转速运行；
S218，若是，控制发动机以不同于第一转速的第二转速运行；
S220，检测油泵的系统压力；
S222，将系统压力和油泵的恒功率调节压力点进行比较；
S224，当系统压力小于或等于恒功率调节压力点，控制油泵以第一流量运行；
S226，当系统压力大于恒功率调节压力点，控制油泵以不同于第一流量的第二流量运行；
S228，显示油泵的流量、油泵的系统压力、发动机的转速和发动机的负载功率。
本申请第二方面的实施例提供了一种动力系统的控制系统100。
图3示出了本申请一个实施例的动力系统的控制系统的示意流程图。
如图3所示，该系统包括：获取单元102，配置为获取油泵的第一流量；控制单元104，配置为控制发动机以与第一流量相匹配的第一转速运行；并用于获取发动机的负载功率和发动机在第一转速下的最大功率，对负载功率与最大功率进行比较；并用于根据比较结果调节发动机的转速。
本申请提供一种动力系统的控制系统，其中动力系统包括油泵和发动机，动力系统的控制系统包括：获取单元102配置为获取油泵的第一流量，控制单元104配置为控制发动机以与第一流量相匹配的第一转速运行，获取发动机的负载功率和发动机在第一转速下的最大功率，进而对发动机的负载功率和发动机的最大功率进行比较，随后根据比较结果对发动机的转速进行调节。其中，油泵的第一流量为用户设置，即用户可以通过流量输入信号装置(钮子开关)设置油泵的流量。发动机可以根据油泵的第一流量进行线性比例无级调节，使得发动机的转速达到与第一流量相匹配的第一转速，其中发动机的转速可随油泵的流量增加而增加，随油泵的流量减小而减小。本申请根据对发动机的负载功率和最大功率进行比较，进而根据比较结果对发动机的转速进行调节，综合考虑用户对于油泵的流量需求，限制发动机的最低转速和最高转速，使得发动机在经济省油以及噪声低的区域内工作，从而有效降低整机能耗。其中，发动机为CAN总线电控发动机(CAN，Controller Area Network，控制器局域网络)，动力系统可以实时获取发动机的功率、当前转速下的外特性曲线所允许的最大功率，并可以根据负载变化且考虑发动机的能耗与噪声自动调节到最佳转速，使得发动机对于工况变化的适应力增强。
在本申请的一个实施例中，优选地，动力系统的控制系统包括：检测单元，配置为检测油泵的系统压力；控制单元还用于，将系统压力和油泵的恒功率调节压力点进行比较；根据比较结果对油泵的流量进行调节。
在该实施例中，动力系统的控制系统包括检测单元，检测单元配置为 检测油泵的系统压力。控制单元还用于将系统压力和油泵的恒功率调节压力点进行比较；根据比较结果对油泵的流量进行调节。其中，油泵为电子恒功率油泵，当油泵的系统压力达到恒功率调节压力点时，则油泵在设定的恒定扭矩下将恒功率输出。通过比较系统压力和油泵的恒功率调节压力点，进而采取调整油泵的流量以确保动力系统和设备的正常运行。
在上述任一技术方案中，优选地，控制单元还用于获取发动机的负载扭矩及发动机在第一转速下的最大扭矩，对负载扭矩和最大扭矩进行比较；和/或控制单元还用于获取发动机的负载喷油量及发动机在第一转速下的最大喷油量，对负载喷油量和最大喷油量进行比较；其中，比较结果包括负载扭矩和最大扭矩的比较结果、负载功率和最大功率的比较结果和/或负载喷油量和最大喷油量的比较结果。
在该技术方案中，可以根据功率比较结果、扭矩比较结果和/或喷油量比较结果对发动机的转速进行调节。优选地，可以根据功率比较结果、扭矩比较结果以及喷油量比较结果的占比因子不同而对发动机的转速进行调节。
在本申请的一个实施例中，优选地，动力系统的控制系统包括：显示单元，配置为显示油泵的流量、油泵的系统压力、发动机的转速和发动机的负载功率。
在该实施例中，通过显示单元使得用户实时获知动力系统中油泵的流量、油泵的系统压力、发动机的转速和发动机的负载功率等参数信息。
根据本申请的第三个方面，提供了一种工程机械，其包括：如上述任一实施例中所提供的动力系统的控制系统。
本申请提供的工程机械，包括上述任一实施例所述的动力系统的控制系统，因此具有该动力系统的控制系统的全部有益效果，在此不再赘述。
在本申请中，术语“多个”则指两个或两个以上，除非另有明确的限定。术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语均应做广义理解，例如，“连接”可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；“相连”可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具 体含义。
在本说明书的描述中，术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“具体实施例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或特点包含于本申请的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或实例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
以上所述仅为本申请的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本申请，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种动力系统的控制方法，所述动力系统包括油泵和发动机，其中，所述动力系统的控制方法包括：
    获取所述油泵的第一流量；
    控制所述发动机以与所述第一流量相匹配的第一转速运行；
    获取所述发动机的负载功率和所述发动机在所述第一转速下的最大功率；
    对所述负载功率与所述最大功率进行比较；
    根据比较结果调节所述发动机的转速。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的动力系统的控制方法，其中，所述根据比较结果调节所述发动机的转速的步骤，包括：
    当所述负载功率小于所述最大功率时，所述发动机以所述第一转速运行；
    当所述负载功率大于或等于所述最大功率时，调节所述发动机的转速。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的动力系统的控制方法，其中，在所述当所述负载功率大于或等于所述最大功率时的步骤之后，所述调节所述发动机的转速的步骤包括：
    检测所述负载功率大于或等于所述最大功率的持续时长；
    判断所述持续时长是否大于预设时长；
    当所述持续时长大于或等于所述预设时长，调节所述发动机的转速；
    当所述持续时长小于所述预设时长，所述发动机以所述第一转速运行。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的动力系统的控制方法，其中，所述动力系统的控制方法还包括：
    检测所述油泵的系统压力；
    将所述系统压力和所述油泵的恒功率调节压力点进行比较；
    根据比较结果对所述油泵的流量进行调节。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的动力系统的控制方法，其中，所述根据比较结果对所述油泵的流量进行调节的步骤，包括：
    当所述系统压力小于或等于所述恒功率调节压力点，控制所述油泵以所述第一流量运行；
    当所述系统压力大于所述恒功率调节压力点，控制所述油泵以不同于所述第一流量的第二流量运行。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的动力系统的控制方法，其中，所述控制所述油泵以不同于所述第一流量的第二流量运行的步骤，包括：
    根据所述系统压力和所述油泵的设定扭矩获取所述第二流量，所述第二流量小于所述第一流量；
    控制所述油泵以所述第二流量运行。
  7. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的动力系统的控制方法，其中，所述控制发动机以与所述第一流量相匹配的第一转速运行的步骤，包括：
    根据所述发动机的万有特性曲线和所述发动机的外特性曲线计算所述油泵的流量与所述发动机的转速之间的匹配关系；
    根据所述第一流量和所述匹配关系计算所述第一转速；
    控制所述发动机以所述第一转速运行。
  8. 根据权利要求2或3所述的动力系统的控制方法，其中，所述调节所述发动机的转速的步骤，包括：
    根据所述发动机的万有特性曲线和所述发动机的负载功率计算第二转速，所述第二转速大于所述第一转速；
    控制所述发动机以所述第二转速运行。
  9. 根据权利要求5所述的动力系统的控制方法，其中，在所述根据比较结果调节所述发动机的转速的步骤之前，所述的动力系统控制方法还包括：
    获取所述发动机的负载扭矩及所述发动机在所述第一转速下的最大扭矩，对所述负载扭矩和所述最大扭矩进行比较；
    其中，所述比较结果包括所述负载功率和所述最大功率的比较结果，以及所述负载扭矩和所述最大扭矩的比较结果。
  10. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的动力系统的控制方法，其中，在所述根据比较结果调节所述发动机的转速的步骤之前，还包括：
    获取所述发动机的负载喷油量及所述发动机在所述第一转速下的最大喷 油量，对所述负载喷油量和所述最大喷油量进行比较；
    其中，所述比较结果包括所述负载功率和所述最大功率的比较结果，以及所述负载喷油量和所述最大喷油量的比较结果。
  11. 一种动力系统的控制系统，所述动力系统包括油泵和发动机，其中，所述动力系统的控制系统包括：
    获取单元，配置为获取所述油泵的第一流量；
    控制单元，配置为控制所述发动机以与所述第一流量相匹配的第一转速运行；
    并用于获取所述发动机的负载功率和所述发动机在所述第一转速下的最大功率，对所述负载功率与所述最大功率进行比较；
    并用于根据比较结果调节所述发动机的转速。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的动力系统的控制系统，其中，所述动力系统的控制系统包括：
    检测单元，配置为检测所述油泵的系统压力；
    所述控制单元还用于，
    将所述系统压力和所述油泵的恒功率调节压力点进行比较；
    根据比较结果对所述油泵的流量进行调节。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的动力系统的控制系统，其中，
    所述控制单元还用于获取所述发动机的负载扭矩及所述发动机在所述第一转速下的最大扭矩，对所述负载扭矩和所述最大扭矩进行比较；和/或
    所述控制单元还用于获取所述发动机的负载喷油量及所述发动机在所述第一转速下的最大喷油量，对所述负载喷油量和所述最大喷油量进行比较；
    其中，所述比较结果包括所述负载功率和所述最大功率的比较结果、所述负载扭矩和所述最大扭矩的比较结果和/或所述负载喷油量和所述最大喷油量的比较结果。
  14. 一种工程机械，其中，包括：如权利要求11至13中任一项所述的动力系统的控制系统。
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