WO2020113957A1 - 取栓装置 - Google Patents

取栓装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020113957A1
WO2020113957A1 PCT/CN2019/095335 CN2019095335W WO2020113957A1 WO 2020113957 A1 WO2020113957 A1 WO 2020113957A1 CN 2019095335 W CN2019095335 W CN 2019095335W WO 2020113957 A1 WO2020113957 A1 WO 2020113957A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
bolt
thrombus
elongated delivery
removal
bushing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/095335
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李思漪
Original Assignee
先健科技(深圳)有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 先健科技(深圳)有限公司 filed Critical 先健科技(深圳)有限公司
Priority to EP19893292.3A priority Critical patent/EP3892212A4/en
Priority to US17/299,454 priority patent/US11877718B2/en
Publication of WO2020113957A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020113957A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/22—Implements for squeezing-off ulcers or the like on the inside of inner organs of the body; Implements for scraping-out cavities of body organs, e.g. bones; Calculus removers; Calculus smashing apparatus; Apparatus for removing obstructions in blood vessels, not otherwise provided for
    • A61B17/22031—Gripping instruments, e.g. forceps, for removing or smashing calculi
    • A61B17/22032—Gripping instruments, e.g. forceps, for removing or smashing calculi having inflatable gripping elements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/22—Implements for squeezing-off ulcers or the like on the inside of inner organs of the body; Implements for scraping-out cavities of body organs, e.g. bones; Calculus removers; Calculus smashing apparatus; Apparatus for removing obstructions in blood vessels, not otherwise provided for
    • A61B17/221—Gripping devices in the form of loops or baskets for gripping calculi or similar types of obstructions
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B2017/00477—Coupling
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/22—Implements for squeezing-off ulcers or the like on the inside of inner organs of the body; Implements for scraping-out cavities of body organs, e.g. bones; Calculus removers; Calculus smashing apparatus; Apparatus for removing obstructions in blood vessels, not otherwise provided for
    • A61B2017/22038—Implements for squeezing-off ulcers or the like on the inside of inner organs of the body; Implements for scraping-out cavities of body organs, e.g. bones; Calculus removers; Calculus smashing apparatus; Apparatus for removing obstructions in blood vessels, not otherwise provided for with a guide wire
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/22—Implements for squeezing-off ulcers or the like on the inside of inner organs of the body; Implements for scraping-out cavities of body organs, e.g. bones; Calculus removers; Calculus smashing apparatus; Apparatus for removing obstructions in blood vessels, not otherwise provided for
    • A61B2017/22038—Implements for squeezing-off ulcers or the like on the inside of inner organs of the body; Implements for scraping-out cavities of body organs, e.g. bones; Calculus removers; Calculus smashing apparatus; Apparatus for removing obstructions in blood vessels, not otherwise provided for with a guide wire
    • A61B2017/22045—Implements for squeezing-off ulcers or the like on the inside of inner organs of the body; Implements for scraping-out cavities of body organs, e.g. bones; Calculus removers; Calculus smashing apparatus; Apparatus for removing obstructions in blood vessels, not otherwise provided for with a guide wire fixed to the catheter; guiding tip
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/22—Implements for squeezing-off ulcers or the like on the inside of inner organs of the body; Implements for scraping-out cavities of body organs, e.g. bones; Calculus removers; Calculus smashing apparatus; Apparatus for removing obstructions in blood vessels, not otherwise provided for
    • A61B17/221—Gripping devices in the form of loops or baskets for gripping calculi or similar types of obstructions
    • A61B2017/2215—Gripping devices in the form of loops or baskets for gripping calculi or similar types of obstructions having an open distal end
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
    • A61B90/39—Markers, e.g. radio-opaque or breast lesions markers
    • A61B2090/3954—Markers, e.g. radio-opaque or breast lesions markers magnetic, e.g. NMR or MRI
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
    • A61B90/39—Markers, e.g. radio-opaque or breast lesions markers
    • A61B2090/3966—Radiopaque markers visible in an X-ray image

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of interventional medical equipment, and in particular relates to a thrombectomy device for taking out blood clots in blood vessels.
  • Acute ischemic stroke is a nerve tissue injury caused by local cerebral tissue ischemic necrosis due to sudden blockage of blood flow in the brain.
  • Acute ischemic stroke is the most common type of stroke and the leading cause of death and disability in the elderly.
  • Recanalization of blood vessels is the key to the treatment of acute ischemic stroke.
  • the conventional methods for treating acute ischemic stroke include two categories: interventional thrombolysis and mechanical thrombectomy.
  • mechanical thrombectomy can quickly recanalize occluded blood vessels, increase the rate of revascularization, and reduce the dose of thrombolytic drugs.
  • the thrombectomy stent 101 is compressed in the microcatheter 102, and the distal end of the microcatheter 102 is provided with a development mark 103.
  • the imaging marker 103 can show the position where the microcatheter 102 arrives under CT angiography (CTA), MRA (magnetic resonance angiography), etc., and the proximal end of the thrombus holder 101 is connected to the push-pull guide wire 104.
  • CTA CT angiography
  • MRA magnetic resonance angiography
  • the microcatheter 102 passes through the blood vessel 201 under the guidance of the guide wire 105 through the minimally invasive surgery from the proximal end to where the thrombus 202 is located and passes through the thrombus 202. Fix the push-pull guide wire 104 and withdraw the microcatheter 102 to the outside of the body. Then, the plug-removing stent 101 is pushed out of the microcatheter 102 and self-expands. Fix the push-pull guidewire 104 for about five minutes to fully expand the plug-removing stent 101. The radial force of 101 self-expanding causes the mesh rod of the thrombus holder 101 to penetrate into the thrombus 202 and fully contact with the thrombus 202.
  • the thrombus holder 101 drives the thrombus 202 to move to the operator until the thrombus holder 101 and the captured thrombus 202 are pulled into the recovery catheter 106 together (
  • the development marker 107 may be provided at the distal end of the recovery catheter 106, and then the recovery catheter 106 and the thrombus removal stent 101 in the recovery catheter 106, the push-pull guide wire 104, and the thrombus 202 are withdrawn to the outside of the patient.
  • the above-mentioned integral self-expanding thrombectomy stent relies on its own radial force to squeeze the thrombus during use, so that the thrombus can enter the stent from the grid of the stent to complete capturing the thrombus.
  • the existing integral bolt removal bracket has the following problems:
  • the grid of the thrombectomy stent is the channel through which the thrombus enters, so the size of the grid determines the effect of the thrombus extraction stent to catch the thrombus.
  • the integrated thrombus removal stent has the largest grid size when fully expanded.
  • the thrombectomy stent is always in a compressed state in the blood vessel, which makes the grid of the thrombectomy stent not in the optimal size, especially when capturing white blood cells/hard thrombus rich in leukocytes (the thrombus is rich in fibers and has strong viscoelasticity) .
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a thrombectomy device that can effectively capture various types of thrombus. This object is achieved by the following technical solutions:
  • the present invention proposes a thrombectomy device including an elongated delivery member and a plurality of thrombus removal members provided on the elongated delivery member, the thrombus removal member having a compressed configuration and a self-locking configuration from the compressed configuration In an expanded configuration formed by expansion, at least one of the plurality of bolt removal members is rotatably connected to the elongate delivery member.
  • the thrombectomy device proposed by the present invention makes it easier for the thrombus removal member to enter the thrombus removal member through the thrombus inlet, so that the thrombus removal member can fully expand and fully contact with the thrombus, thereby achieving More effective capture of blood clots.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional integral self-expanding plug removal stent compressed in a microcatheter
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the thrombus removal stent and microcatheter shown in FIG. 1 passing through the thrombus;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the thrombus removal stent gradually infiltrating the thrombus after the microcatheter shown in FIG. 2 is withdrawn;
  • Example 4 is a schematic structural view of the thrombus removal device of Example 1;
  • FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of part E in FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 6 is an enlarged schematic view of part F in FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the top structure of FIG. 4;
  • Embodiment 9 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the bolt taking member in Embodiment 1;
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the front structure of the bolt removal member shown in FIG. 9;
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the top structure of FIG. 10;
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the side view of FIG. 10;
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a thrombectomy operation using the thrombectomy device of Example 1, wherein (a) shows that the microcatheter containing the thrombectomy device is delivered to the position of the thrombus in the blood vessel, and (b) shows the microcatheter penetration After the thrombus reaches the more distal position in the blood vessel, Figure (c) shows that the thrombectomy device is gradually released after being released, and Figure (d) shows that the elongated delivery member is pushed and pulled to cause the thrombectomy member to rotate under the force of the thrombus and blood vessel. (e) indicates that the thrombectomy member is fully deployed, and the thrombus enters the mesh frame through the thrombus entrance;
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a grid framework in Embodiment 1;
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic view of the front view of FIG. 14;
  • 16 is a schematic diagram of a connection relationship between a connector and a first support rod
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG. 16;
  • 18 is a schematic diagram of another connection relationship between the connector and the first support rod
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG. 18;
  • 20 is a schematic diagram of another connection relationship between the connector and the first support rod
  • 21 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG. 20;
  • 22 is a schematic diagram of another connection relationship between the connector and the first support rod
  • FIG. 23 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG. 20;
  • FIG. 24 is a schematic diagram of the top structure of FIG. 22;
  • 25 is a schematic structural view of a bolt taking member with rotational freedom
  • 26 is an enlarged schematic view of a structure of part G in FIG. 25;
  • FIG. 27 is an enlarged schematic view of another structure of part G in FIG. 25;
  • FIG. 28 is an enlarged schematic view of another structure of part G in FIG. 25;
  • FIG. 29 is a schematic structural diagram of an anti-shedding member
  • FIG. 30 is a schematic structural view of the bolt removing device when the guide section is provided.
  • FIG. 31 is an enlarged schematic view of part H in FIG. 30;
  • FIG. 32 is a cross-sectional view of the structure shown in FIG. 31;
  • Figure 33 is another schematic diagram of the structure of the anti-shedding member
  • FIG. 34 is a schematic structural diagram of the thrombectomy device of Example 2.
  • Example 35 is a schematic structural view of the bolt taking member in Example 2.
  • FIG. 36 is a diagram of the bolt taking member shown in FIG. 35 unfolding around its central axis;
  • FIG. 37 is a schematic diagram when the "V"-shaped structure is used at the distal junction of the second support rod;
  • FIG. 39 is a schematic diagram of the front view of FIG. 38;
  • FIG. 38 is an expanded view of the connector (bush) shown in FIG. 38;
  • 41 is a schematic structural diagram of a thrombus removal device of Example 4.
  • Example 42 is a schematic structural view of the thrombus removal device of Example 5.
  • FIG. 43 is an enlarged schematic view of part K in FIG. 42;
  • FIG. 45 is an enlarged schematic diagram of another structure of part I in FIG. 42.
  • first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe multiple elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections should not be considered These terms are limited. These terms may only be used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer or section from another region, layer or section. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, terms such as “first”, “second”, and other numerical terms do not imply order or sequence when used in the text. Accordingly, a first element, component, region, layer or section discussed below can be referred to as a second element, component, region, layer or section without departing from the teachings of the example embodiments.
  • spatial relative relationship terms can be used in the text to describe the relationship of one element or feature as shown in the figure with respect to another element or feature, such relative terms as “inner”, “outer”, “inner” “, “outside”, “below”, “below”, “above”, “above”, etc.
  • This term of spatial relative relationship is intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as “below other elements or features” or “below other elements or features” would then be oriented “above other elements or features” or “above other elements or features” Features above.” Thus, the example term “below” may include orientations above and below.
  • the device can be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or in other directions) and the spatial relative relationship descriptors used in the text are interpreted accordingly.
  • proximal end the end of the medical device implanted in the human or animal body that is closer to the operator
  • distal end the end that is farther from the operator
  • the principle defines the "proximal” and “distal” of any component of a medical device.
  • “Axial” in this application should be understood to mean the direction in which the thrombectomy device is propelled, the direction perpendicular to the "axial” is defined as “radial”, and “length direction” should be understood as the most physical dimension of the thrombectomy device Long direction.
  • a thrombus removal device 300 provided in this embodiment includes an elongated delivery member 301 and a plurality of thrombus removal members 302 disposed on the elongated delivery member 301.
  • the thrombus removal member 302 has compression The configuration and the expanded configuration formed by self-expansion from the compressed configuration.
  • Each bolt removing member 302 is assembled on the elongated delivery member 301 to form a bolt removing functional section of the bolt removing device 300.
  • the plurality of bolt removing members 302 on the bolt removing functional section at least one bolt removing member 302 is rotatably connected with the elongated delivery member 301.
  • the thrombectomy device 300 provided in this embodiment can be accommodated in the microcatheter 102 in a compressed configuration.
  • the thrombus removal device 300 is sent into the blood vessel 201 through the microcatheter 102 and passes through the thrombus 202.
  • the thrombectomy device 300 can be deployed in the blood vessel 201, wherein the rotatable thrombectomy member 302 needs to be released and deployed at the thrombus 202, due to the removal
  • the plug member 302 can rotate freely with respect to the elongated delivery member 301.
  • the thrombectomy device 300 of this embodiment makes the thrombus removal member 302 have a rotational degree of freedom, so that the thrombus 202 can more easily enter the thrombus extraction member 302 through the thrombus inlet, so that the thrombectomy member 302 can be fully expanded. Full contact with the thrombus 202, thereby achieving a more effective capture of the thrombus 202.
  • the bolt taking member 302 includes a connector 3021 at the proximal end and a mesh frame extending from the connector 3021 in the distal direction.
  • Each grid on the mesh frame is one Thrombus entrance.
  • the mesh frame includes two first support rods 3022 connected to the connecting member 3021, and the two first support rods 3022 extend in a distal direction from each other in a separated manner starting from the connection position with the connecting member 3021, each The end of a first support rod 3022 is split into two second support rods 3023 extending distally in a mutually separated manner, and two adjacent second support rods 3023 split from different first support rods 3022 The ends meet at one point.
  • each closed grid forms a thrombus inlet, for example, two first stent bars 3022 and two second stent bars 3023
  • the closed grid is composed of a thrombus inlet 303
  • the closed grid composed of two first stent rods 3022 and two other second stent rods 3023 is another thrombus inlet 304, composed of four second stent rods 3023
  • the closed grid is the third thrombus inlet 305.
  • An angle A1 is formed between the two first support rods 3022, and the size of A1 is 7 to 180°, preferably 30 to 120°; the two second support rods 3023 that meet at one point form an angle A2, and the size of A2 is 7 ⁇ 180°, preferably 30 ⁇ 120°; two second stent bars 3023 split from the same first stent bar 3022 form an angle A3, the size of A3 is 7 ⁇ 180°, preferably 30 ⁇ 120° .
  • the position of the thrombectomy member 302 relative to the thrombus 202 during the thrombectomy process can be roughly divided into two states, one is a frame surface composed of a first stent rod 3022 and two second stent rods 3023 and the front face of the thrombus 202 Contact, one is a thrombus entrance composed of two first stent rods 3022 and two second stent rods 3023 and the thrombus is in frontal contact. It is foreseeable that when the entrance of the thrombus is in positive contact with the thrombus 202, the thrombus 202 is more likely to enter the range of the thrombectomy device 300.
  • the following takes a thrombectomy device 300 including three thrombectomy members 302 as an example to illustrate the thrombectomy process.
  • the plug-removing member 302 in the intermediate position has rotational freedom with respect to the elongated delivery member 301:
  • the microcatheter 102 containing the thrombectomy device 300 has passed through the thrombus 202 to the farther end of the blood vessel 201;
  • the thrombectomy device 300 passes through the microcatheter 102 to the blood vessel 201 at the distal end of the thrombus 202, and the thrombectomy device 300 is in a compressed configuration at this time;
  • the thrombus 202 cannot directly enter the mesh frame. At this time, the elongated delivery member 301 is gently pushed and pulled along the axial direction. The frame surface of the bolt member 302 will tend to change to a stable state after being subjected to a certain external force;
  • the thrombectomy member 302 in the middle position rotates around the elongated delivery member 301 under the interaction of the elongated delivery member 301, the thrombus 202, and the blood vessel 201, so that the thrombus inlet 303 (or 304) Contact with the thrombus 202.
  • the thrombus removal member 302 in the middle position may still be pressed, and at this time, the elongated delivery member 301 continues to be gently pushed back and forth;
  • the number of the first bracket rods 3022 emitted by the connecting member 3021 may also be three, four or more, and the preferred number is two to six.
  • the length of the first bracket rod 3022 may be smaller than the length of the second bracket rod 3023.
  • the distal junctions of the mesh frames can be folded toward the central axis of the mesh frame the trend of.
  • connection relationship between the connecting member 3021 and the first support rod 3022 may have various forms, which will be described as examples below:
  • the cross section of the connecting member 3021 is a complete ring, and the first support rod 3022 is connected to the inside of the connecting member 3021.
  • the connection method may be welding, riveting, Adhesion, etc.
  • the connection part formed with the elongated delivery member 301 has a minimum inner diameter D and a maximum outer diameter D1, D is 0.05-0.5mm, D1 is 0.05-0.5mm, it is foreseeable that the plug member 302 is taken in the same
  • the inner D1 is greater than D
  • D is greater than the outer diameter of the connection portion of the elongated delivery member 301.
  • the cross-section of the connecting member 3021 is a complete ring, and the first support rod 3022 is connected to the outside of the connecting member 3021.
  • the connection method may be welding, Riveting, bonding, etc.
  • the connection part formed with the elongated delivery member 301 has a minimum inner diameter D and a maximum outer diameter D1, D is 0.05-0.5mm, D1 is 0.05-0.5mm, it is foreseeable that the plug is taken at the same D1 in member 302 is greater than D, and D is greater than the outer diameter of the connecting portion of elongate delivery member 301.
  • the cross-section of the connecting member 3021 is a complete ring
  • the first support rod 3022 is connected to the end of the connecting member 3021
  • the connecting method may be welding , Riveting, bonding, etc.
  • the first support rod 3022 and the connecting member 3021 can also be engraved in the same tube using laser engraving
  • the connection portion formed with the elongated delivery member 301 has a minimum inner diameter D and The maximum outer diameter D1, D is 0.05-0.5 mm, D1 is 0.05-0.5 mm, it is foreseeable that D1 is greater than D in the same plug-removing member 302, and D is greater than the outer diameter of the connection portion of the elongated delivery member 301.
  • the cross-section of the connector 3021 is a complete ring, and first a groove (which can be a through-groove in the thickness direction) is carved on the surface of the connector 3021. (It may be a non-through slot), and then the first stent rod 3022 is placed in the slot of 3021 for connection.
  • connection method may be welding, riveting, bonding, etc.
  • the connection portion formed with the elongated delivery member 301 has a minimum inner diameter D
  • D is 0.05-0.5 mm
  • D1 is 0.05-0.5 mm
  • D1 is greater than D in the same plug-removing member 302
  • D is greater than the outer diameter of the connection portion of the elongated delivery member 301.
  • a feasible implementation manner is that at least one bolt removal member 302 connector 3021 is a bushing, the elongated delivery member 301 passes through the bushing, and a gap is left between the elongated delivery member 301 and the bushing.
  • the elongated delivery member 301 is further provided with two stoppers 3011, the two stoppers 3011 are located on the proximal and distal sides of the bushing, respectively, to restrict the bushing on the elongated delivery member 301 in the axial direction The degree of freedom to move.
  • the stopper 3011 may be a ring-shaped member separated from the elongated delivery member 301 as shown in FIG. 26, and after being fitted on the elongated delivery member 301, it is welded, riveted, bonded, etc. to the elongated delivery member 301.
  • the fixed connection may also be as shown in FIG. 27, and the stopper 3011 is a protrusion on the same material of the elongated delivery member 301.
  • the cross section of the protrusion perpendicular to the axis of the elongated delivery member 301 may be circular, semicircular, 1/3 circular, square, etc.
  • the cross section should satisfy the following conditions, that is, with the center point of the elongated delivery member 301 as the center of the circle,
  • the farthest distance between the cross-section and the center of the circle is the radius to draw a circle, and the diameter of the circle should be greater than the minimum inner diameter of the connecting member 3021 of the bolt member 302 at the same location.
  • the connector 3021 has a groove extending from the inner side to the outer side of the connector 3021, and is provided on the elongated delivery member 301
  • the stopper 3012 is stuck in the groove, so that the bolt removing member 302 cannot move along the axis of the elongated delivery member 301.
  • the thrombectomy device 300 further includes an anti-shedding member 306 (as shown in FIG. 29) disposed at the distal end of the elongated delivery member 301, and the anti-shedding member 306 includes a second connector 3061 at the proximal end and a secondary connection
  • the second mesh frame 3062 extending in the distal direction of the piece 3061 has at least two sets of grids in the axial direction.
  • the anti-falling member 306 and each plug-removing member 302 constitute a main body portion of the plug-removing device 300, and the length L3 of the main body portion is 15 to 60 mm, and the preferred lengths are 15 to 40 mm, 35 to 40 mm, and 25 to 60 mm (corresponding to the three Various types of plug removal devices 300) and so on.
  • the maximum diameter of the plug removing device 300 in the radial direction is 2 to 6 mm, and the preferred diameters are 2 to 3 mm, 3 to 4 mm, and 5 to 6 mm.
  • the length L1 of the single bolt taking member 302 is 3-20 mm.
  • the density of the distal mesh on the second mesh frame 3062 is greater than the density of the proximal mesh.
  • the distal end of the anti-shedding member 306 is provided with multiple support rods 3063, and the distal ends of the multiple support rods 3063 are gathered together at one point to form a support rod bundle 3064 , So that both the proximal end and the distal end of the anti-falling member 306 form a closed frame structure.
  • a spring 3065 is wound on the outside of the support rod bundle 3064.
  • the support rod bundle 3064 and the spring 3065 constitute a guide section 307 of the bolt removing device 300, and the guide section 307 has better compliance than other parts of the bolt removing apparatus 300.
  • the support rod 3063 is made of a material with good elasticity, such as nickel-titanium alloy, stainless steel, cobalt-chromium alloy or other metal or polymer material with good elasticity, and its diameter can be 0.005 to 0.2 mm; spring 3065 is made of metal material with higher molecular weight, such as gold, silver, copper, tungsten, etc.
  • the outer diameter of the material used is 0.005 ⁇ 0.5mm; the outer diameter of the guide section 307 is 0.01 ⁇ 0.2mm.
  • the second mesh frame 3062 of the anti-shedding member 306 has a grid larger than two groups in the axial direction, and a guide section 307 is provided at the distal end of the anti-shedding member 306
  • the guide section 307 is a structure with closed ends.
  • the elongated delivery member 301 is a push-pull wire
  • the push-pull wire can use metals with good elasticity, including stainless steel, nickel-titanium alloy, cobalt-chromium alloy, etc.
  • the diameter of the push-pull wire should not exceed 0.5 mm, and the preferred diameter is 0.05 ⁇ 0.4mm.
  • the plug removing member 302 is provided with a developing device 308.
  • the developing device 308 may be sleeved on the second support rod 3023 in a ring shape, or may be wound around the second support rod 3023 in a wire shape.
  • the radial force can be adjusted by adjusting the width of the first stent rod 3022 located at the proximal end and the second stent rod 3023 located at the distal end.
  • the width of the first stent rod 3022 is 0.04-0.2 mm, and the preferred width is 0.04 to 0.08 mm, 0.05 to 0.10 mm, 0.06 to 0.12 mm, etc.; the width of the second stent bar 3023 is 0.03 to 0.15 mm, preferably 0.03 to 0.06 mm, 0.04 to 0.08 mm, 0.06 to 0.12 mm, etc.
  • the processing method of the bolt removing member 302 and the anti-shedding member 306 of the bolt removing device 300 is formed by laser cutting a metal pipe material with shape memory effect and super-elasticity (such as a NiTi alloy pipe), which is formed by a mold, and then passes through Heat treatment stereotypes.
  • a metal pipe material with shape memory effect and super-elasticity such as a NiTi alloy pipe
  • it can also be formed by cutting a metal sheet with shape memory effect and super elasticity, and then forming through a mold and then heat-setting. It can also be produced by means of shape memory effect and super-elastic metal wire after weaving and/or welding, gluing, etc., followed by mold forming and heat treatment.
  • the plug-removing member 302 and the anti-falling member 306 can also be made of a highly elastic polymer material.
  • suitable materials are well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.
  • the outer surface of the thrombectomy device 300 may be coated with an inorganic biocompatible film "TiN” or an organic hydrophilic film “PTFE” "Or other hydrophilic polymer films. If the thrombus removal device 300 is coated, the thrombus removal device 300 must be polished to improve the surface finish of the thrombus removal device 300, reduce the friction coefficient of the thrombus removal device 300 and the inner wall of the blood vessel, and reduce the resistance of the thrombus removal device 300 when it is withdrawn. To reduce the damage to the blood vessel wall, the preferred polishing method is electrochemical polishing.
  • the grid frame includes A plurality of first support rods 3022 (for example, two, three, four, or more) connected by 3021, and the plurality of first support rods 3022 are separated from each other in a spiral manner starting from the connection position with the connector 3021 Extending in the distal direction, the spiral direction of each first stent rod 3022 is the same, the end of each first stent rod 3022 is split into two second stent rods 3023 extending in the distal direction in a separated manner, adjacent The ends of two second support rods 3023 split from different first support rods 3022 meet at one point.
  • first support rods 3022 for example, two, three, four, or more
  • the bolt removing member 302 is subjected to It is easier to rotate when external force acts.
  • FIG. 36 is a diagram in which the bolt taking member 302 is unfolded about its central axis.
  • the bolt taking member 302 has two first bracket rods 3022, and the first bracket rod 3022 forms an angle B with the central axis.
  • the thrombectomy member 302 is in contact with the thrombus 202.
  • the elongated delivery member 301 is given a force F to the thrombectomy member 302.
  • the thrombus 202 obstructs the first stent rod 3022 of the thrombectomy member 302.
  • the action causes a force F′ of opposite F to be generated on the first support rod 3022.
  • the force F′ Since the first support rod 3022 forms an angle B with the central axis of the bolt taking member 302, the force F′ generates two component forces F1 and F2, under the action of the F2 component force, the thrombus taking member 302 rotates about its axis, so that the thrombus 202 falls into the thrombus inlet of the thrombus taking member 302.
  • the angle B can have a value of 1 to 89°. However, if the value of B is too small, the rotation angle becomes smaller, which is not conducive to catching the thrombus 202. The larger the value of B, the smaller the corresponding component force F2, making it more difficult for the bolt taking member 302 to rotate. Therefore, the preferred value range of the angle B value is 25 to 65°.
  • each thrombectomy member 302 of the thrombectomy device 300 has better deformability.
  • the intersection of the distal end of the second stent rod 3023 has a "V" shape structure, and the opening direction of the "V" shape structure is toward the proximal end of the bolt taking member 302, and the two sides of the "V" shape structure
  • the angle formed by the inner tangent line increases first and then decreases along the proximal end of the bolt taking member 302 toward the distal end.
  • the structure of the bolt taking member 302 shown in FIG. 37 can be divided into a frame selection section and a blocking section according to its functional characteristics.
  • the frame selection section has a length L4, and the blocking section has a length L5, and satisfies 3mm ⁇ L4+L5 ⁇ 20mm.
  • the bolt taking member 302 is unfolded about its axis into a flat state and has a length L6. If L4 is too short and L5 is too long, then the slight deformation of the proximal end of the bolt removing member 302 is likely to cause a large deformation of the distal end, and at the same time the overall radial force of the bolt removing member 302 is low. If L4 is too long and L5 is too short, the plug-removing member 302 has a large radial force, which easily damages the blood vessel. Therefore, L5 should satisfy 0.02L6 ⁇ L5 ⁇ 1.5L6.
  • Embodiment 3 The part of the thrombectomy device 300 of Embodiment 3 that is the same as that of Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2 is not repeated here.
  • the main difference of Embodiment 3 is that, as shown in FIG. 38, in Embodiment 3, in a rotatable manner
  • the bolt removing member 302 connected to the elongated delivery member 301 also has a freedom of movement along the axial direction of the elongated delivery member 301.
  • the connector 3021 is a bushing, which is sleeved on the elongated delivery member 301 in a clearance fit manner.
  • the inner wall of the bushing is provided with a guide groove 30211 extending helically from the proximal end to the distal direction, and the elongated delivery member 301 is provided with a stopper 3013 that slidingly cooperates with the guide groove 30211.
  • the thrombectomy member 302 when the elongated delivery member 301 is pushed and pulled during the thrombectomy process, the thrombectomy member 302 having both freedom of rotation and movement is subjected to the action of the elongated delivery member 301 and is more likely to rotate.
  • the bushing has at least one inclined guide groove 30211 at an angle A to the central axis, and the guide groove 30211 extends from the inner surface of the bushing toward the outer surface (may not penetrate the bushing).
  • the bushing receives a tangential force from the stopper 3013, and the bushing rotates, thereby driving the bolt removing member 302 to rotate.
  • Figure 40 is an expanded view of the bushing.
  • the value of A ranges from 1 to 85°, preferably, A ranges from 30 to 60°.
  • the guide groove 30211 can be obtained by using existing mechanical processing methods, such as laser engraving, wire cutting, powder metallurgy, milling, and electrical discharge machining.
  • the guide groove 30211 and The number of stoppers 3013 corresponding to them is preferably 2 to 6.
  • the bolt removing device 300 of Embodiment 4 is the same as that of Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2 and will not be repeated here.
  • the main difference of Embodiment 4 is that, as shown in FIG. 41, in Embodiment 4, the bolt removing member 302 is Three, from the proximal end and the distal end, include a first bolt removal member 302A, a second bolt removal member 302B, and a third bolt removal member 302C, wherein the first bolt removal member 302A and the second bolt removal member 302B are rotatable Connected to the elongated delivery member 301, the first and second bolt removal members 302A and 302B can also move from the near to the far or from far to near along the axial direction of the elongated delivery member 301, and the first The movable range of the bolt removing member 302A is larger than the movable range of the second bolt removing member 302B.
  • the number of the plug-removing members 302 can also be adjusted according to specific needs, for example, the number of the plug-removing members 302 can also be two, four, or other.
  • the thrombectomy device 300 of the fourth embodiment When the thrombectomy device 300 of the fourth embodiment is pushed to the distal end in the microcatheter 102, the first thrombectomy member 302A, the second thrombectomy member 302B, and the third thrombectomy member 302C are all self-expanding.
  • first plug-removing member 302A and the second plug-removing member 302B are located near the proximal end within the respective movable range under the friction of the inner wall of the microcatheter 102, at this time.
  • the thrombectomy device 300 When the thrombectomy device 300 is completely released from the microcatheter 102, the thrombus 202 enters the mesh frame of each thrombectomy member 302 of the thrombectomy device 300, the thrombectomy device 300 is withdrawn proximally from the blood vessel 201, the first thrombectomy Both the member 302A and the second thrombectomy member 302B move to the distal direction within the respective movable range under the frictional force of the inner wall of the blood vessel 201, when the first thrombectomy member 302A and the second thrombectomy member 302B move at their respective When moving to the farthest position in the range, there is a minimum distance between the first bolt removal member 302A and the second bolt removal member 302B, and between the second bolt removal member 302B and the third bolt removal member 302C.
  • connection piece on the first bolt removal member 302A is the first bushing 3021A
  • connection piece on the second bolt removal member 302B is the second bushing 3021B, both the first bushing 3021A and the second bushing 3021B
  • the elongated delivery member 301 is sleeved in a clearance-fitting manner.
  • a first stopper 3014 On the elongated delivery member 301 located on the proximal end and the distal end of the first bushing 3021A, a first stopper 3014, two first There is a gap between the stopper 3014 to enable the first bolt-removing member 302A to move from the proximal end to the distal end or from the distal end to the proximal end, on the proximal and distal sides of the second bushing 3021B
  • the elongated delivery member 301 is respectively provided with a second stopper 3015, and a gap is left between the two second stoppers 3015, so that the second bolt taking member 302B can be moved from the proximal end to the distal end or from the distal end Proximal movement, the distance between the two first stoppers 3014 is greater than the distance between the two second stoppers 3015, so that the movable range of the first bolt removal member 302A is greater than that of the second bolt removal member 302B Moveable range.
  • the parts of the thrombectomy device 300 of the fifth embodiment are the same as those of the first or second embodiment, which will not be repeated here.
  • the main difference of the fifth embodiment is that, as shown in FIGS. From the proximal end and the distal end, a first bolt removal member 302A, a second bolt removal member 302B, and a third bolt removal member 302C are included in this order.
  • the connector of the first bolt removal member 302A is the first bushing 3021A
  • the connecting member on the member 302B is the second bushing 3021B
  • the connecting member on the third plug-removing member 302C is the third bushing 3021C.
  • the third bushing 3021C is sleeved on the elongated delivery member 301 in a clearance fit manner. To enable the third plug removal member 302C to rotate relative to the elongate delivery member 301.
  • the range in which the first bush 3021A can move axially is larger than the range in which the second bush 3021B can move axially.
  • the inner wall of the first bush 3021A is provided with a first internal thread
  • the inner wall of the second bush 3021B is provided with a second internal thread
  • the elongated delivery member 301 is provided with a first internal thread and a second internal thread respectively The first external thread, the second external thread.
  • the pitch of the first internal thread is larger than the pitch of the second internal thread. Further, the distribution range L9 of the first internal thread on the elongated delivery member 301 is larger than the distribution range L10 of the second internal thread.
  • the bolt removing device 300 of Embodiment 5 is different from Embodiment 4 in that when the elongate delivery member 301 is rotated, the first bolt removal member 302A and the second bolt removal member 302B can interact with the elongate delivery member under the action of the thread Relative linear motion occurs in 301. Compared with Embodiment 4, the first bolt removing member 302A and the second bolt removing member 302B can actively rotate under the action of the thread, and the pitch of the first internal thread is greater than that of the second internal thread.
  • the movement distance of the first bolt removal member 302A is greater than the movement distance of the second bolt removal member 302B, thereby enabling the two adjacent bolt removal members 302 to move Actively approach, thereby clamping the thrombus 202, to prevent the thrombus 202 from falling off from the thrombectomy function section during the withdrawal process.
  • the pitch of the first internal thread may also be equal to the pitch of the second internal thread.
  • the elongate delivery member 301 may cause the second bolt removal member 302B to occur Continuous rotation relative to the blood vessel 201 increases the risk of damage to the blood vessel 201.
  • two sections of unthreaded parts can be provided within the stroke range (L11) of the axis movement of the second bolt-taking member 302B, and the unthreaded parts have a length L12 And L13, L12 and L13 should be greater than the length of the second bushing 3021B.
  • the part of the thrombectomy device 300 of the sixth embodiment is the same as that of the first or second embodiment.
  • the main difference of the sixth embodiment is that the thrombectomy device 300 includes a thrombectomy member provided on the elongated delivery member 301 302 and an anti-falling member 306 provided at the distal end of the elongated delivery member 301, wherein the number of the bolt removal member 302 is one, and the bolt removal member 302 is rotatably connected to the elongated delivery member 301.
  • the thrombectomy member 302 in the thrombectomy device 300 of the sixth embodiment has a degree of freedom of rotation relative to the elongated delivery member 301, so it can effectively capture the thrombus 202, and then cooperates with the anti-shedding member 306 to be able to replace the thrombus 202 take out.

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Abstract

本发明属于介入医疗器械领域，具体涉及一种用于取出血管中的血栓的取栓装置。取栓装置包括细长递送构件和设置在所述细长递送构件上的多个取栓构件，所述取栓构件具有压缩构型和从所述压缩构型经自膨胀形成的展开构型，所述多个取栓构件中的至少一个取栓构件以可转动的方式与所述细长递送构件连接。本发明提出的取栓装置，通过使取栓构件具有转动自由度的方式，使血栓更容易通过血栓入口进入到取栓构件中，从而使取栓构件可以充分膨胀，与血栓充分接触，进而实现对血栓更为有效的捕获。

Description

取栓装置 技术领域
本发明属于介入医疗器械领域，具体涉及一种用于取出血管中的血栓的取栓装置。
背景技术
脑卒中是医学上常见的疾病。中国是世界脑卒中大国，脑卒中已成为导致中国居民第一位的死亡原因。据相关流行病学研究表明，每4个脑卒中患者中，就有3个出现不同程度的残疾。急性缺血性脑卒中(acute ischemic stroke，AIS,俗称脑梗死)是由于脑部血流的突然阻塞而引起局部脑组织缺血坏死所导致的神经组织损伤。急性缺血性脑卒中是卒中最常见类型，是中老年人致死和致残的主要疾病。血管的再通是治疗急性缺血性脑卒中的关键。目前治疗急性缺血性脑卒中的常规方法包括两大类：介入溶栓和机械取栓，其中，机械取栓能够快速使闭塞的血管再通，提高血管再通率，减少溶栓药物剂量，降低症状性脑出血的发生率，延长治疗时间窗，从而可以为可逆的缺血脑组织争取更多的时间，明显改善患者的预后。
目前，市场上销售的取栓器大多为整体式自膨胀取栓支架，其使用过程参见图1～图3：取栓支架101压缩在微导管102中，微导管102的远端设有显影标记103，显影标记103在CT血管造影(CTA)、MRA(磁共振血管造影)等设备下可以显示出微导管102到达的位置，取栓支架101的近端与推拉导丝104连接。微导管102通过微创手术在导引导丝105的引导下经过血管201从近端到达血栓202所在处并穿过血栓202。固定推拉导丝104，回撤微导管102至体外，则取栓支架101被推出微导管102而发生自膨胀，固定推拉导丝104约五分钟，让取栓支架101充分膨胀，通过取栓支架101自膨胀的径向力，使取栓支架101的网杆渗透进入血栓202，与血栓202充分接触。然后回撤推拉导丝104，在推拉导丝104的拽动下，取栓支架101带动血栓202一起向操作者运动，直至将取栓支架101和捕获的血栓202一同拽进回收导管106内(可以在回收导管106的远端设置显影标记107)，再整体向近端撤出回收导管106及回收导管106内的取栓支架101、推拉导丝104和血栓202至患者体外。
上述整体式自膨胀取栓支架在使用时依靠其自身的径向力挤压血栓，使血栓能够从支架的网格进入支架内部，完成捕获血栓。然而，现有的整体式取栓支架存在以下问题：
一、取栓支架的网格是血栓进入其内部的通道，所以网格大小决定了取栓支架抓捕血栓的效果，通常整体式取栓支架在完全膨胀的状态下具有最大的网格尺寸，而取栓支架在血管内一直处于压缩状态，这使得取栓支架的网格不能处于最佳的尺寸，尤其在抓捕富含白细胞的白血栓/硬血栓(该血栓富含纤维，粘弹性强，有研究表明，压缩富含白细胞的白血栓/硬血栓所需力为9mN/mm 2)时，而自膨胀支架的径向力不足以使支架的网杆渗透进入白血栓，而取栓支架网格大小又不能使得白血栓从网格中进入取栓支架。
二、取栓支架局部的变形会引起与该部分相关联的网格同时发生变形，由此致使取栓支架在回撤过程经过弯曲血管部分时，取栓支架整体直径变小，从而与血管分离，导致血栓从支架上脱落。
发明内容
针对以上问题，本发明的目的是提供一种能够有效捕获各类血栓的取栓装置，该目的是通过以下技术方案实现的：
本发明提出了一种取栓装置，包括细长递送构件和设置在所述细长递送构件上的多个取栓构件，所述取栓构件具有压缩构型和从所述压缩构型经自膨胀形成的展开构型，所述多个取栓构件中的至少一个取栓构件以可转动的方式与所述细长递送构件连接。
本发明的优点在于：
本发明提出的取栓装置，通过使取栓构件具有转动自由度的方式，使血栓更容易通过血栓入口进入到取栓构件中，从而使取栓构件可以充分膨胀，与血栓充分接触，进而实现对血栓更为有效的捕获。
附图说明
附图仅用于示出优选实施方式的目的，而并不认为是对本发明的限制。而且在整个附图中，用相同的参考符号表示相同的部件。在附图中：
图1为现有的整体式自膨胀取栓支架压缩在微导管中的示意图；
图2为图1所示的取栓支架和微导管穿过血栓的示意图；
图3为图2所示的微导管回撤后取栓支架逐渐渗透血栓的示意图；
图4为实施例1的取栓装置的结构示意图；
图5为图4中E部分的放大示意图；
图6为图4中F部分的放大示意图；
图7为图4的俯视结构示意图；
图8为实施例1的取栓装置的立体结构示意图；
图9为实施例1中的取栓构件的立体结构示意图；
图10为图9所示的取栓构件的主视结构示意图；
图11为图10的俯视结构示意图；
图12为图10的侧视结构示意图；
图13为利用实施例1的取栓装置进行取栓操作的示意图，其中，图(a)表示容纳有取栓装置的微导管在血管中向血栓所在位置递送，图(b)表示微导管穿过血栓达到血管中更远端的位置，图(c)表示取栓装置释放后逐渐展开，图(d)表示推拉细长递送构件使取栓构件在血栓、血管的作用力下发生转动，图(e)表示取栓构件完全展开，而血栓通过血栓入口进入网格式框架；
图14为实施例1中的网格式框架的一种结构示意图；
图15为图14的主视结构示意图；
图16为连接件与第一支架杆的一种连接关系示意图；
图17为图16中A-A向的剖视示意图；
图18为连接件与第一支架杆的另一种连接关系示意图；
图19为图18中A-A向的剖视示意图；
图20为连接件与第一支架杆的另一种连接关系示意图；
图21为图20中A-A向的剖视示意图；
图22为连接件与第一支架杆的另一种连接关系示意图；
图23为图20中A-A向的剖视示意图；
图24为图22的俯视结构示意图；
图25为具有转动自由度的取栓构件的结构示意图；
图26为图25中G部分的一种结构的放大示意图；
图27为图25中G部分的另一种结构的放大示意图；
图28为图25中G部分的另一种结构的放大示意图；
图29为防脱落构件的一种结构示意图；
图30为取栓装置设有引导段时的结构示意图；
图31为图30中H部分的放大示意图；
图32为图31所示结构的剖面图；
图33为防脱落构件的另一种结构示意图；
图34为实施例2的取栓装置的结构示意图；
图35为实施例2中的取栓构件的结构示意图；
图36为图35所示的取栓构件绕其中心轴线展开的图形；
图37为第二支架杆的远端交汇部分采用“V”形结构时的示意图；
图38为实施例3中的连接件与细长递送构件的连接关系的立体结构示意图；
图39为图38的主视结构示意图；
图40为图38所示的连接件(衬套)的展开图；
图41为实施例4的取栓装置的结构示意图；
图42为实施例5的取栓装置的结构示意图；
图43为图42中K部分的放大示意图；
图44为图42中I部分的一种结构的放大示意图；
图45为图42中I部分的另一种结构的放大示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将参照附图更详细地描述本公开的示例性实施方式。虽然附图中显示了本公开的示例性实施方式，然而应当理解，可以以各种形式实现本公开而不应被这里阐述的实施方式所限制。相反，提供这些实施方式是为了能够更透彻地理解本公开，并且能够将本公开的范围完整的传达给本领域的技术人员。
应理解的是，文中使用的术语仅出于描述特定示例实施方式的目的，而无意于进行限制。除非上下文另外明确地指出，否则如文中使用的单数形式“一”、“一个”以及“所述”也可以表示包括复数形式。术语“包括”、“包含”、“含有”以及“具有”是包含性的，并且因此指明所陈述的特征、步骤、操作、元件和/或部件的存在，但并不排除存在或者添加一个或多个其它特征、步骤、操作、元件、部件、和/或它们的组合。文中描述的方法步骤、过程、以及操作不解释为必须要求它们以所描述或说明的特定顺序执行，除非明确指出执行顺序。还应当理解，可以使用另外或者替代的步骤。
尽管可以在文中使用术语第一、第二、第三等来描述多个元件、部件、区域、层和/或部段，但是，这些元件、部件、区域、层和/或部段不应被这些术语所限制。这些术语可以仅用来将一个元件、部件、区域、层或部段与另一区域、层或部段区分开。除非上下文明确地指出，否则诸如“第一”、“第二”之类的术语以及其它数字术语在文中使用时并不暗示顺序或者次序。因此，以下讨论的第一元件、部件、区域、层或部段在不脱离示例实施方式的教导的情况 下可以被称作第二元件、部件、区域、层或部段。
为了便于描述，可以在文中使用空间相对关系术语来描述如图中示出的一个元件或者特征相对于另一元件或者特征的关系，这些相对关系术语例如为“内部”、“外部”、“内侧”、“外侧”、“下面”、“下方”、“上面”、“上方”等。这种空间相对关系术语意于包括除图中描绘的方位之外的在使用或者操作中装置的不同方位。例如，如果在图中的装置翻转，那么描述为“在其它元件或者特征下面”或者“在其它元件或者特征下方”的元件将随后定向为“在其它元件或者特征上面”或者“在其它元件或者特征上方”。因此，示例术语“在……下方”可以包括在上和在下的方位。装置可以另外定向(旋转90度或者在其它方向)并且文中使用的空间相对关系描述符相应地进行解释。
在介入医疗器械领域，一般将植入人体或动物体内的医疗器械的距离操作者较近的一端称为“近端”，将距离操作者较远的一端称为“远端”，并依据此原理定义医疗器械的任一部件的“近端”和“远端”。“轴向”在本申请中应当被理解成表示取栓装置被推进的方向，与“轴向”垂直的方向定义为“径向”，“长度方向”应当被理解为取栓装置物理尺寸最长的方向。
实施例1
如图4～图8所示，本实施例提出的一种取栓装置300，包括细长递送构件301和设置在细长递送构件301上的多个取栓构件302，取栓构件302具有压缩构型和从压缩构型经自膨胀形成的展开构型。各取栓构件302装配在细长递送构件301上形成取栓装置300的取栓功能段。在取栓功能段上的多个取栓构件302中，至少一个取栓构件302以可转动的方式与细长递送构件301连接。
本实施例所提供的取栓装置300，在压缩构型下可以容纳在微导管102中，在实施取栓操作时，通过微导管102将取栓装置300送入血管201并穿过血栓202而达到血管201的更远端，然后回撤微导管102，使取栓装置300得以在血管201中展开，其中，需使可转动的取栓构件302在血栓202处被释放和展开，由于该取栓构件302相对于细长递送构件301能够自由转动，因此，该取栓构件302在展开而与血栓202接触的过程中，其在血栓202和血管201的相互作用下，可以通过转动的方式向更稳定的状态转变，使得血栓202得以进入该取栓构件302的血栓入口，从而实现对血栓202的捕获。综上，本实施例取栓装置300是通过使取栓构件302具有转动自由度的方式，使血栓202更容易通过血栓入口进入到取栓构件302中，从而使取栓构件302可以充分膨胀，与血栓202充分接触，进而实现对血栓202更为有效的捕获。
进一步地，如图9～图12所示，取栓构件302包括位于近端的连接件3021和从连接件3021向远端方向延伸的网格式框架，网格式框架上的每一个网格为一个血栓入口。
具体地，网格式框架包括与连接件3021连接的两根第一支架杆3022，两根第一支架杆3022以与连接件3021的连接部位为起点以相互分离的方式向远端方向延伸，每一第一支架杆3022的末端分裂成两根以相互分离的方式向远端方向延伸的第二支架杆3023，相邻的两根由不同的第一支架杆3022分裂出的第二支架杆3023的末端交汇于一点。在由第一支架杆3022和第二支架杆3023构成的网格式框架中，每一个封闭的网格均形成一个血栓入口，例如，由两根第一支架杆3022和两根第二支架杆3023构 成的封闭的网格是一个血栓入口303，由两根第一支架杆3022和另外两根第二支架杆3023构成的封闭的网格是另一个血栓入口304，由四根第二支架杆3023构成的封闭的网格是第三个血栓入口305。两根第一支架杆3022之间形成夹角A1，A1大小为7～180°，优选的为30～120°；交汇于一点的两根第二支架杆3023形成夹角A2，A2大小为7～180°，优选的为30～120°；由同一根第一支架杆3022分裂出的两根第二支架杆3023形成夹角A3，A3大小为7～180°，优选的为30～120°。取栓构件302在取栓过程中，相对于血栓202的位置可大致分成两种状态，一种是由一根第一支架杆3022和两根第二支架杆3023组成的框架面与血栓202正面接触，一种是由两根第一支架杆3022和两根第二支架杆3023组成的血栓入口与血栓正面接触。可以预见的，当血栓入口与血栓202正面接触时，血栓202更容易进入取栓装置300的范围内。
下面以包含三个取栓构件302的取栓装置300为例，来说明取栓过程。如图13所示，在该实施例中，位于中间位置的取栓构件302相对于细长递送构件301具有转动自由度：
a、如图13(a)、图13(b)所示，容纳有取栓装置300的微导管102已经穿过血栓202到达血管201的更远端；
b、取栓装置300经过微导管102到达血栓202远端的血管201，此时取栓装置300整体处于压缩构型下；
c、如图13(c)所示，回撤微导管102，使得取栓装置300在血管201中展开，此时，位于近端侧和远端侧的两个取栓构件302的释放位置没有血栓202，因此得以完全展开。血栓202受到挤压后，其近端部分从近端侧的取栓构件302的血栓入口305进入该近端侧的取栓构件302，位于中间位置的取栓构件302中，由一根第一支架杆3022和两根第二支架杆3023构成的框架面与血栓202正面接触，血栓202不能直接进入网格式框架内，此时，沿轴向轻轻推拉细长递送构件301，中间位置的取栓构件302的框架面受到一定外力作用后会有向稳定状态转变的趋势；
d、如图13(d)所示，中间位置的取栓构件302在细长递送构件301、血栓202、血管201相互作用下，发生绕细长递送构件301的转动，使血栓入口303(或304)与血栓202接触。此时由于血栓202较大，可能仍然挤压中间位置的取栓构件302，此时继续轻轻往复推拉细长递送构件301；
e、细长递送构件301带着中间位置的取栓构件302与血栓202发生轻微的相对运动，同时该取栓构件302继续保持自膨胀的趋势，逐渐将血栓202框入该取栓构件302的网格式框架内(如图13(e)所示)；
f、最后回撤取栓装置300，将血栓202带出。
需要说明的是，由连接件3021发出的第一支架杆3022的数量也可以是三根、四根或更多根，优选的数量为两至六根。
优选地，为了使取栓构件302在受到外力作用时更发生转动，可以使第一支架杆3022的长度小于第二支架杆3023的长度。
优选地，如图14、图15所示，为了减小取栓装置300在取栓过程中对血管201的损伤，可以使网格式框架的各远端交汇点呈向网格式框架的中心轴线收拢的趋势。
进一步地，连接件3021与第一支架杆3022的连接关系可以有多种形 式，下面举例进行说明：
在一种实施方式中，如图16、图17所示，连接件3021的截面为一个完整的环形，第一支架杆3022在连接件3021的内部与其相连接，连接方式可以是焊接、铆接、粘接等，所形成的与细长递送构件301的连接部分有最小内径D和最大外径D1，D为0.05～0.5mm，D1为0.05～0.5mm，可以预见的是在同一取栓构件302内D1大于D，并且D大于细长递送构件301连接部分的外径。
在另外一种实施例方式中，如图18、图19所示，连接件3021的截面为一个完整的环形，第一支架杆3022在连接件3021的外部与其相连接，连接方式可以是焊接、铆接、粘接等，所形成的与细长递送构件301的连接部分有最小内径D和最大外径D1，D为0.05～0.5mm，D1为0.05～0.5mm，可以预见的是在同一取栓构件302内D1大于D，并且D大于细长递送构件301连接部分的外径。
在另外一种实施例方式中，如图20、图21所示，连接件3021的截面为一个完整的环形，第一支架杆3022在连接件3021的端部与其相连接，连接方式可以是焊接、铆接、粘接等(此外，也可以利用激光雕刻的方式在同一管件中雕刻出第一支架杆3022和连接件3021)，所形成的与细长递送构件301的连接部分有最小内径D和最大外径D1，D为0.05～0.5mm，D1为0.05～0.5mm，可以预见的是在同一取栓构件302内D1大于D，并且D大于细长递送构件301连接部分的外径。
在另外一种实施例方式中，如图22～图24所示，连接件3021的截面为一个完整的环形，首先在连接件3021的表面雕刻出一个槽(可以是厚度方向的通槽，也可以是不通槽)，然后将第一支架杆3022置入3021的槽中进行连接，连接方式可以是焊接、铆接、粘接等，所形成的与细长递送构件301的连接部分有最小内径D和最大外径D1，D为0.05～0.5mm，D1为0.05～0.5mm，可以预见的是在同一取栓构件302内D1大于D，并且D大于细长递送构件301连接部分的外径。
进一步地，为实现至少一个取栓构件302以可转动的方式以细长递送构件301连接，如图24、图25所示，一种可行的实施方式为，至少一个取栓构件302的连接件3021为衬套，细长递送构件301从衬套中穿过，并且，细长递送构件301与衬套之间留有间隙。在细长递送构件301上还设有两个限位件3011，两个限位件3011分别位于衬套的近端侧和远端侧，以限制衬套在细长递送构件301上沿轴向发生移动的自由度。具体地，限位件3011可以是如图26所示的与细长递送构件301分离的环形件，套装在细长递送构件301上后采用焊接、铆接、粘接等方式与细长递送构件301固定连接，也可以如图27所示的，限位件3011为细长递送构件301的同一材料上的凸起。该凸起垂直于细长递送构件301轴线的截面可以是圆形、半圆形、1/3圆形、方形等，截面应该满足以下条件，即以细长递送构件301中点为圆心、以该截面距离圆心距离最远的距离为半径画圆，该圆的直径应大于同一部位取栓构件302的连接件3021的最小内径。如图28所示为限位件3011与取栓构件302的连接件3021的另外一种组装方式：连接件3021有一从内侧发出向连接件3021外侧延伸的槽，设置在细长递送构件301上的限位件3012卡在槽内，使得取栓构件302不能沿细长递送构件301的轴线发生运动。
进一步地，取栓装置300还包括布置在细长递送构件301远端的防脱落构件306(如图29所示)，防脱落构件306包括位于近端的第二连接件3061和从第二连接件3061向远端方向延伸的第二网格式框架3062，第二网格式框架3062在轴向上至少具有两组网格。进一步地，防脱落构件306和各取栓构件302构成取栓装置300的主体部分，主体部分的长度L3为15～60mm，优先的长度为15～40mm、35～40mm、25～60mm(对应三种不同规格的取栓装置300)等。取栓装置300径向的最大直径为2～6mm，优选的直径为2～3mm，3～4mm，5～6mm等。在不受到外力作用下，单个取栓构件302的长度L1为3～20mm。
优选地，第二网格式框架3062上的远端网格的密度大于近端网格的密度。
在另一个实施例中，如图30～图32所示，防脱落构件306的远端设有多根支架杆3063，多根支架杆3063的远端于一点收拢在一起，形成支架杆束3064，从而使得防脱落构件306的近端与远端均形成封闭式框架结构。优选地，在支架杆束3064的外部缠绕有弹簧3065，支架杆束3064和弹簧3065构成取栓装置300的引导段307，引导段307相较于取栓装置300的其它部分具有更好的柔顺性，布置在取栓装置300的最远端有利于减少取栓装置300对血管201的损伤。更优选地，支架杆3063由具有较好弹性的材料制成，例如镍钛合金、不锈钢、钴铬合金或其它具有较好弹性的金属或高分子材料，其直径可以为0.005～0.2mm；弹簧3065由具有较高分子量的金属材料制成，如由金、银、铜、钨等缠绕制成，所用材料的外径为0.005～0.5mm；引导段307外径为0.01～0.2mm。
在另一个实施例中，如图33所示，防脱落构件306的第二网格式框架3062在轴向上具有大于两组的网格，并且在防脱落构件306的远端设有引导段307，引导段307为一具有封闭端部的结构。
进一步地，细长递送构件301为推拉丝，推拉丝可采用具有较好弹性的金属，包括不锈钢、镍钛合金、钴铬合金等，推拉丝的直径应不超过0.5mm，优选的直径为0.05～0.4mm。
进一步地，取栓构件302上设有显影装置308，显影装置308可以环状套装在第二支架杆3023上，也可以是丝状绕装在第二支架杆3023上。
进一步地，可以通过调节位于近端的第一支架杆3022和位于远端的第二支架杆3023的宽度来调节径向力，第一支架杆3022的宽度为0.04～0.2mm，优选的宽度为0.04～0.08mm，0.05～0.10mm，0.06～0.12mm等；第二支架杆3023的宽度为0.03～0.15mm，优选的为0.03～0.06mm，0.04～0.08mm，0.06～0.12mm等。
进一步地，取栓装置300的取栓构件302和防脱落构件306的加工方法为，通过激光切割具有形状记忆效应和超弹性的金属管材(如NiTi合金管)而形成并经过模具成型，再经过热处理定型。当然，也可以通过切割具有形状记忆效应和超弹性的金属片材，然后经过模具成型，再经过热处理定型。还可以通过具有形状记忆效应和超弹性的金属丝经过编织和/或焊接、胶接等方法，再经过模具成型和热处理定型制作。取栓构件302和防脱落构件306也可以通过高弹性的高分子材料来制作。上述合适的材料是本领域技术人员所熟知的，在此不再详细描述。
更进一步地，为了减少取栓装置300在取栓过程中对血管壁的伤害， 取栓装置300外表面可以镀一层无机的生物相容性薄膜“TiN”或者有机的亲水性薄膜“PTFE”或其它亲水性的高分子薄膜。若对取栓装置300镀膜，则必须对取栓装置300进行抛光，提高取栓装置300的表面光洁度，降低取栓装置300与血管内壁接触摩擦系数，降低取栓装置300回撤时的阻力，降低对血管壁的伤害，优先地抛光方式为电化学抛光。
实施例2
实施例2的取栓装置300与实施例1相同的部分在此不再赘述，两者的主要区别为，如图34、图35所示，在实施例2中，网格式框架包括与连接件3021连接的多根(例如两根、三根、四根或更多根)第一支架杆3022，多根第一支架杆3022以与连接件3021的连接部位为起点以呈螺旋状相互分离的方式向远端方向延伸，各第一支架杆3022的螺旋方向相同，每一第一支架杆3022的末端分裂成两根以相互分离的方式向远端方向延伸的第二支架杆3023，相邻的两根由不同的第一支架杆3022分裂出的第二支架杆3023的末端交汇于一点。
实施例2的取栓装置300中，由于第一支架杆3022以呈螺旋状相互分离的方式向远端方向延伸，并且各第一支架杆3022的螺旋方向相同，因此，取栓构件302在受到外力作用时更容易发生转动。
图36为取栓构件302绕其中心轴线展开的图形，在该图形中，取栓构件302具有两根第一支架杆3022，第一支架杆3022与中心轴线形成一角度B。取栓过程中，取栓构件302与血栓202接触，此时通过细长递送构件301给予取栓构件302一个作用力F，此时由于血栓202对取栓构件302的第一支架杆3022的阻碍作用，使得在第一支架杆3022上产生一个相反F的作用力F’，由于第一支架杆3022与取栓构件302中心轴线形成一个角度B，因此作用力F’产生两个分力F1和F2，在F2分力的作用下，取栓构件302发生绕其轴线的旋转运动，从而使得血栓202落入取栓构件302的血栓入口。进一步地，角度B可以取值1～89°。但是B的值过小，将使旋转角度变小，不利于抓捕血栓202。B的值越大，相应的分力F2越小，使得取栓构件302越难旋转。因此，角度B值的优选值范围为25～65°。
进一步地，由于取栓装置300经微导管102输送至病灶位置，为了使得取栓装置300的各个取栓构件302具有更好的可变形性能。如图37所示，第二支架杆3023的远端交汇部分呈“V”形结构，“V”形结构的开口方向朝向取栓构件302的近端，“V”形结构的两条边的内侧切线所形成的夹角沿取栓构件302近端向远端方向先增大再减小。
图37所示的取栓构件302结构按照其功能特征可以划分为框选段和阻拦段。框选段具有长度L4，阻拦段具有长度L5，且满足3mm≤L4+L5≤20mm。取栓构件302绕其轴线展开成平面状态具有长度L6。若L4过短、L5过长，那么取栓构件302的近端细微形变易引起远端较大的变形，同时使得取栓构件302整体径向力偏低。若L4过长、L5过短，则使得取栓构件302具有较大的径向力，容易对血管造成损伤，因此L5应满足0.02L6≤L5≤1.5L6。
实施例3
实施例3的取栓装置300与实施例1或实施例2相同的部分在此不再赘述，实施例3的主要区别为，如图38所示，在实施例3中，以可转动的方式与细长递送构件301连接的取栓构件302，同时还具有沿细长递送 构件301轴向的移动自由度。连接件3021为衬套，其以间隙配合的方式套设在细长递送构件301上。在衬套的内壁设有由近端向远端方向呈螺旋形延伸的导槽30211，在细长递送构件301上设有与导槽30211滑动配合的限位件3013。
实施例3的取栓装置300，在取栓过程中推拉细长递送构件301时，同时具有转动和移动自由度的取栓构件302受到细长递送构件301的作用，更容易发生转动。
具体地，如图39所示，衬套具有至少一个与其中轴线成一角度A的斜向导槽30211，导槽30211从衬套的内表面向外表面方向延伸(可以不穿透衬套)。当细长递送构件301前后推送、回撤时，衬套受到限位件3013的切向作用力，而发生转动，从而带动取栓构件302旋转。如图40为衬套的展开图。为了使衬套更易于旋转，A的取值范围为1～85°，优选地，A为30～60°。导槽30211可以采用现有机械加工方式获得，如激光雕刻、线切割、粉末冶金、铣、电火花加工等。
可以理解的是，在衬套上具有至少一个导槽30211就可以实现使取栓装置300易发生转动的效果，但是为了使得衬套具有可靠的强度，以及保持良好的旋转特性，导槽30211及与之对应的限位件3013的数量优选为2～6个。
实施例4
实施例4的取栓装置300与实施例1或实施例2相同的部分在此不再赘述，实施例4的主要区别为，如图41所示，在实施例4中，取栓构件302为三个且由近端及远端依次包括第一取栓构件302A、第二取栓构件302B和第三取栓构件302C，其中，第一取栓构件302A和第二取栓构件302B以可转动的方式与细长递送构件301连接，第一取栓构件302A和第二取栓构件302B还能够沿细长递送构件301的轴向由近向远或由远向近地移动，并且，第一取栓构件302A的可移动范围大于第二取栓构件302B的可移动范围。假设第一取栓构件302A的可移动范围为L7，第二取栓构件302B的可移动范围为L8，则L7＞L8。需要说明的是，取栓构件302的个数还可以根据具体需要进行调整，例如，取栓构件302的个数还可以为两个、四个或其他。
实施例4的取栓装置300，当处于在微导管102内向远端推送的状态时，第一取栓构件302A、第二取栓构件302B和第三取栓构件302C由于均具有自膨胀性，因此紧贴微导管102的内壁，使得第一取栓构件302A和第二取栓构件302B在于微导管102内壁的摩擦力作用下均在各自的可移动范围内处于靠近近端的位置，此时，第一取栓构件302A与第二取栓构件302B之间、第二取栓构件302B与第三取栓构件302C之间，均具有最大间距。当取栓装置300从微导管102中完全释放，血栓202进入取栓装置300的各取栓构件302的网格式框架内，取栓装置300从血管201中向近端回撤，第一取栓构件302A和第二取栓构件302B在于血管201内壁的摩擦力作用下均在各自的可移动范围内向远端方向移动，当第一取栓构件302A和第二取栓构件302B在各自的可移动范围内移动至最远端的位置时，第一取栓构件302A与第二取栓构件302B之间、第二取栓构件302B与第三取栓构件302C之间均具有最小间距。因此，在取栓装置300从血管201中向近端回撤的过程中，第一取栓构件302A与第二取栓构件302B之间、 第二取栓构件302B与第三取栓构件302C之间的间距均有减小的趋势，从而实现取栓装置300在回撤过程中夹紧血栓202，以防止血栓202从取栓功能段脱落。
进一步地，第一取栓构件302A上的连接件为第一衬套3021A，第二取栓构件302B上的连接件为第二衬套3021B，第一衬套3021A和第二衬套3021B均以间隙配合的方式套设在细长递送构件301上，在位于第一衬套3021A的近端侧和远端侧的细长递送构件301上分别设有第一限位件3014，两个第一限位件3014之间留有间距，以使第一取栓构件302A能够由近端向远端或由远端向近端移动，在位于第二衬套3021B的近端侧和远端侧的细长递送构件301上分别设有第二限位件3015，两个第二限位件3015之间留有间距，以使第二取栓构件302B能够由近端向远端或由远端向近端移动，两个第一限位件3014之间的间距大于两个第二限位件3015之间的间距，以使第一取栓构件302A的可移动范围大于第二取栓构件302B的可移动范围。
实施例5
实施例5的取栓装置300与实施例1或实施例2相同的部分在此不再赘述，实施例5的主要区别为，如图42～图44所示，取栓构件302为三个且由近端及远端依次包括第一取栓构件302A、第二取栓构件302B和第三取栓构件302C，第一取栓构件上302A的连接件为第一衬套3021A，第二取栓构件302B上的连接件为第二衬套3021B，第三取栓构件302C上的连接件为第三衬套3021C，第三衬套3021C以间隙配合的方式套设在细长递送构件301上，以使第三取栓构件302C能够相对于细长递送构件301转动。在细长递送构件301上，第一衬套3021A能够轴向移动的范围大于第二衬套3021B能够轴向移动的范围。第一衬套3021A的内壁设有第一内螺纹，第二衬套3021B的内壁设有第二内螺纹，在细长递送构件301上设有分别与第一内螺纹、第二内螺纹相配合的第一外螺纹、第二外螺纹。
在实施例5中，第一内螺纹的螺距大于第二内螺纹的螺距。进一步地，细长递送构件301上的第一内螺纹的分布范围L9大于第二内螺纹的分布范围L10。
实施例5的取栓装置300，与实施例4不同的是，当转动细长递送构件301时，第一取栓构件302A、第二取栓构件302B在螺纹的作用下可以与细长递送构件301发生相对直线运动，与实施例4相比，第一取栓构件302A、第二取栓构件302B能够在螺纹的作用下发生主动旋转，第一内螺纹的螺距大于第二内螺纹的螺距，可以使细长递送构件301转动相同的圈数的情况下，第一取栓构件302A的移动距离大于第二取栓构件302B的移动距离，从而使相邻的两个取栓构件302之间能够主动靠近，进而夹紧血栓202，防止取栓装置300在回撤过程中血栓202从取栓功能段脱落。
在另一个实施例中，第一内螺纹的螺距也可以等于第二内螺纹的螺距，此时，需在第二衬套3021B的轴向移动的范围内的两端设置没有螺纹的部分(如图45所示)。这是因为，在第一内螺纹与第二内螺纹螺距相等的情况下，细长递送构件301旋转相同的圈数时，第一取栓构件302A和第二取栓构件302B行走相同的距离，所以当第二取栓构件302B完成全部行走距离时，第一取栓构件302A仍有部分行走距离没有完成，若此时继续旋转细长递送构件301，则有可能使得第二取栓构件302B发生持续的 相对于血管201的旋转，增加了损伤血管201的风险。为了避免该种情况的发生，可以在第二取栓构件302B的轴线移动的行程范围(L11)内设置两段没有螺纹的部分(靠近行程范围的两端)，没有螺纹的部分分别具有长度L12和L13，L12和L13均应大于第二衬套3021B的长度。
实施例6
实施例6的取栓装置300与实施例1或实施例2相同的部分在此不再赘述，实施例6的主要区别为，取栓装置300包括设置在细长递送构件301上的取栓构件302和设置在细长递送构件301远端的防脱落构件306，其中，取栓构件302的数量为一个，取栓构件302以可转动地方式与细长递送构件301连接。
实施例6的取栓装置300中的取栓构件302因具有相对于细长递送构件301的转动自由度，因此可以实现对血栓202的有效捕获，再与防脱落构件306配合，能够将血栓202取出。
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种取栓装置，其特征在于，包括细长递送构件和设置在所述细长递送构件上的多个取栓构件，所述取栓构件具有压缩构型和从所述压缩构型经自膨胀形成的展开构型，所述多个取栓构件中的至少一个取栓构件以可转动的方式与所述细长递送构件连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的取栓装置，其特征在于，所述取栓构件包括位于所述取栓构件近端的连接件和从所述连接件向远端方向延伸的网格式框架，所述网格式框架上的每一个网格为一个血栓入口。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的取栓装置，其特征在于，所述网格式框架包括与所述连接件连接的多根第一支架杆，多根所述第一支架杆以与所述连接件的连接部位为起点以相互分离的方式向远端方向延伸，每一所述第一支架杆的末端分裂成两根以相互分离的方式向远端方向延伸的第二支架杆，相邻的两根由不同的所述第一支架杆分裂出的第二支架杆的末端交汇于一点。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的取栓装置，其特征在于，所述网格式框架的各远端交汇点呈向所述网格式框架的中心轴线收拢的趋势。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的取栓装置，其特征在于，所述第一支架杆的长度小于所述第二支架杆的长度。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的取栓装置，其特征在于，所述网格式框架包括与所述连接件连接的多根第一支架杆，多根所述第一支架杆以与所述连接件的连接部位为起点以呈螺旋状相互分离的方式向远端方向延伸，各所述第一支架杆的螺旋方向相同，每一所述第一支架杆的末端分裂成两根以相互分离的方式向远端方向延伸的第二支架杆，相邻的两根由不同的所述第一支架杆分裂出的第二支架杆的末端交汇于一点。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的取栓装置，其特征在于，所述第二支架杆的远端交汇部分呈“V”形结构，所述“V”形结构的开口方向朝向所述取栓构件的近端，所述“V”形结构的两条边的内侧切线所形成的夹角沿取栓构件近端向远端方向先增大再减小。
  8. 根据权利要求2至7任一项所述的取栓装置，其特征在于，所述至少一个取栓构件上的所述连接件为衬套，所述衬套以间隙配合的方式套设在所述细长递送构件上，在所述衬套的内壁设有由近端向远端方向呈螺旋形延伸的导槽，在所述细长递送构件上设有与所述导槽滑动配合的限位件。
  9. 根据权利要求2至7任一项所述的取栓装置，其特征在于，所述取栓构件至少为三个且由近端及远端依次包括第一取栓构件、第二取栓构件和第三取栓构件，其中，第一取栓构件和第二取栓构件以可转动的方式与所述细长递送构件连接，所述第三取栓构件与所述细长递送构件固定连接或以可转动的方式连接，所述第一取栓构件和第二取栓构件还能够沿所述细长递送构件的轴向由近端向远端或由远端向近端移动，所述第一取栓构件的可移动范围大于所述第二取栓构件的可移动范围。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的取栓装置，其特征在于，所述第一取栓构件上的连接件为第一衬套，所述第二取栓构件上的连接件为第二衬套，所述第一衬套和第二衬套均以间隙配合的方式套设在所述细长递送构件上，在位于所述第一衬套的近端侧和远端侧的所述细长递送构件上分别设有第一限位件，两个所述第一限位件之间留有间距，以使所述第一取栓构件 能够由近端向远端或由远端向近端移动，在位于所述第二衬套的近端侧和远端侧的所述细长递送构件上分别设有第二限位件，两个所述第二限位件之间留有间距，以使所述第二取栓构件能够由近端向远端或由远端向近端移动，所述两个第一限位件之间的间距大于两个所述第二限位件之间的间距。
  11. 根据权利要求1至7任一项所述的取栓装置，其特征在于，还包括布置在所述细长递送构件远端的防脱落构件，所述防脱落构件包括位于所述防脱落构件近端的第二连接件和从所述第二连接件向远端方向延伸的第二网格式框架，所述第二网格式框架在轴向上至少具有两组网格。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的取栓装置，其特征在于，所述防脱落构件的远端设有多根支架杆，所述多根支架杆的远端于一点收拢在一起，形成支架杆束。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的取栓装置，其特征在于，在所述支架杆束的外部缠绕有弹簧，所述支架杆束和弹簧构成所述取栓装置的引导段。
  14. 一种取栓装置，其特征在于，包括细长递送构件和设置在所述细长递送构件上的至少两个取栓构件，所述取栓构件具有压缩构型和从所述压缩构型经自膨胀形成的展开构型，所述取栓构件包括位于所述取栓构件近端的连接件和从所述连接件向远端方向延伸的网格式框架，所述网格式框架上的每一个网格为一个血栓入口，所述取栓构件由近端及远端依次包括第一取栓构件及第二取栓构件，所述第一取栓构件上的连接件为第一衬套，所述第二取栓构件上的连接件为第二衬套，所述第一衬套的内壁设有第一内螺纹，所述第二衬套的内壁设有第二内螺纹，在所述细长递送构件上设有分别与所述第一内螺纹、第二内螺纹相配合的第一外螺纹、第二外螺纹，所述第一内螺纹的螺距大于所述第二内螺纹的螺距。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的取栓装置，其特征在于，所述细长递送构件上的所述第一内螺纹的分布范围大于所述第二内螺纹的分布范围。
  16. 一种取栓装置，其特征在于，包括细长递送构件、设置在所述细长递送构件上的一个取栓构件、以及设置在所述细长递送构件的远端的防脱落构件，所述取栓构件和所述防脱落构件均具有压缩构型和从所述压缩构型经自膨胀形成的展开构型，所述取栓构件以可转动地方式与所述细长递送构件连接。
PCT/CN2019/095335 2018-12-05 2019-07-10 取栓装置 WO2020113957A1 (zh)

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