WO2020085054A1 - 圧力容器 - Google Patents

圧力容器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020085054A1
WO2020085054A1 PCT/JP2019/039406 JP2019039406W WO2020085054A1 WO 2020085054 A1 WO2020085054 A1 WO 2020085054A1 JP 2019039406 W JP2019039406 W JP 2019039406W WO 2020085054 A1 WO2020085054 A1 WO 2020085054A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
winding
liner
pressure vessel
angle
dome
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2019/039406
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
航 岩瀬
Original Assignee
八千代工業株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 八千代工業株式会社 filed Critical 八千代工業株式会社
Priority to JP2020553075A priority Critical patent/JP6892562B2/ja
Priority to CN201980069940.7A priority patent/CN112930457B/zh
Priority to US17/287,753 priority patent/US11543077B2/en
Priority to EP19876146.2A priority patent/EP3872386A4/en
Publication of WO2020085054A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020085054A1/ja

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C1/00Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
    • F17C1/02Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge involving reinforcing arrangements
    • F17C1/04Protecting sheathings
    • F17C1/06Protecting sheathings built-up from wound-on bands or filamentary material, e.g. wires
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C1/00Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16JPISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J12/00Pressure vessels in general
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01Shape
    • F17C2201/0104Shape cylindrical
    • F17C2201/0109Shape cylindrical with exteriorly curved end-piece
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05Size
    • F17C2201/056Small (<1 m3)
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05Size
    • F17C2201/058Size portable (<30 l)
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/01Reinforcing or suspension means
    • F17C2203/011Reinforcing means
    • F17C2203/012Reinforcing means on or in the wall, e.g. ribs
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0604Liners
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0612Wall structures
    • F17C2203/0614Single wall
    • F17C2203/0624Single wall with four or more layers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0658Synthetics
    • F17C2203/066Plastics
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0658Synthetics
    • F17C2203/0663Synthetics in form of fibers or filaments
    • F17C2203/0665Synthetics in form of fibers or filaments radially wound
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0658Synthetics
    • F17C2203/0663Synthetics in form of fibers or filaments
    • F17C2203/0668Synthetics in form of fibers or filaments axially wound
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0658Synthetics
    • F17C2203/0663Synthetics in form of fibers or filaments
    • F17C2203/067Synthetics in form of fibers or filaments helically wound
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0658Synthetics
    • F17C2203/0663Synthetics in form of fibers or filaments
    • F17C2203/0673Polymers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/012Hydrogen
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/035Propane butane, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0107Single phase
    • F17C2223/0123Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/036Very high pressure (>80 bar)
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/32Hydrogen storage

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a pressure vessel.
  • a pressure vessel that includes a liner having a cylindrical portion and a pair of dome portions formed on both sides of the cylindrical portion, and a reinforcing layer formed on the outside of the liner and made of a fiber-reinforced resin material (for example, patent References 1 and 2).
  • Reinforced layer is generally formed by filament winding method.
  • the hoop winding is a winding method in which the fiber reinforcement 30 is wound in a direction substantially orthogonal to the axis O of the pressure vessel 31 as shown in FIG. 4A, and the low-angle helical winding is shown in FIG. 4B.
  • the high-angle helical winding is a winding method with a high orientation angle ⁇ 1 with respect to the axis O, as shown in FIG. 4C. .
  • the hoop winding is carried out for the purpose of reinforcing the cylindrical portion 32
  • the low-angle helical winding is carried out for the purpose of reinforcing the periphery of the tip of the dome portion 33.
  • the high-angle helical winding is often performed mainly for the purpose of reinforcing the portion that cannot be reinforced by the hoop winding or the low-angle helical winding, that is, the shoulder portion 35 that is the portion of the dome portion 33 near the cylindrical portion 32. .
  • Patent Document 2 describes a technique in which hoop winding is applied to reinforce the shoulder portion. Specifically, a technique is described in which a hoop layer is formed at the end of the cylindrical portion of the liner so as to be the extended surface of the shoulder portion. That is, the hoop dome portion of the hoop layer serves as a part of the shoulder portion of the liner.
  • the hoop dome portion of the hoop layer is formed to be an extension surface of the shoulder portion. That is, the hoop dome portion of the hoop layer has a structure that becomes thinner toward the tip side of the dome portion of the liner. Therefore, the strength of reinforcement of the shoulder portion gradually decreases toward the tip side of the dome portion of the liner.
  • the present invention was created in order to solve such a problem, and an object thereof is to provide a pressure vessel capable of suppressing a decrease in strength of the dome portion of the liner.
  • the present invention is a pressure vessel comprising a liner having a cylindrical portion and a pair of dome portions, and a reinforcing layer made of a fiber-reinforced resin material formed on the outside of the liner,
  • the reinforcing layer has a bulge portion formed so as to bulge in a high-angle helical winding on each of the dome portions, and is higher than the hoop winding or the high-angle helical winding between the tops of the pair of bulging portions.
  • an intermediate portion formed by substantially hoop winding wound at an angle.
  • the dome portion can be locally and sufficiently reinforced by the thick bulging portion formed by the high-angle helical winding. Since the shape of the liner can be a simple dome shape, stress concentration can be suppressed and the influence of the internal fluid due to not providing the thick portion of the liner can be suppressed.
  • the intermediate portion is once formed in a curved shape from the apex so as to be an extended surface of an inclined surface on the axially outer side of the bulging portion, and then, in the axial direction of the liner. It is characterized in that they are formed in parallel.
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. 1. It is a schematic explanatory drawing of a filament winding method, (a) shows a hoop winding, (b) shows a low angle helical winding, (c) shows a high angle helical winding.
  • the pressure container of the present invention can be applied as a container for storing low-pressure gas such as LPG, high-pressure gas such as hydrogen gas, and other fluids.
  • the pressure vessel 1 of the present invention has a liner 2 and a reinforcing layer 6 made of a fiber reinforced resin material formed on the outside of the liner 2 by filament winding.
  • the liner 2 has a cylindrical portion 3 having a substantially constant cross-section, and dome portions 4 and 4 formed at both ends of the cylindrical portion 3.
  • a metal cap 5 is formed integrally with the liner 2 coaxially with the axis O of the liner 2.
  • the liner 2 is made of, for example, a synthetic resin material such as polyethylene, and is formed by injection molding, blow molding, or the like.
  • the dome portion 4 has a shape having a shoulder portion 4A whose diameter is reduced from the end of the cylindrical portion 3 into a curved surface, and a flat surface portion 4B which is formed on the tip end side of the shoulder portion 4A and which is a plane substantially orthogonal to the axis O. Consists of. Depending on the case, the diameter may be reduced to a curved surface from the end of the cylindrical portion 3 to the base 5 without forming the flat portion 4B.
  • the reinforcing layer 6 is formed by winding a strand composed of a bundle of reinforcing fibers around the outer surface of the liner 2 which rotates around the axis O by a rotating device (not shown).
  • the reinforcing layer 6 is formed by swelling portions 7 formed on the shoulder portions 4A of each dome portion 4 so as to bulge by high-angle helical winding, and between the tops 7A of the pair of swelling portions 7 by hoop winding or the above-mentioned height.
  • the intermediate portion 8 is formed by a substantially hoop winding that is wound at a higher angle than the angle helical winding.
  • the hoop winding is a winding method in a direction substantially orthogonal to the axis O of the pressure vessel as described with reference to FIG. 4A, and the high-angle helical winding is the axis center as described with reference to FIG. It is a winding method of winding at a high orientation angle ⁇ 1 with respect to O.
  • the low-angle helical winding is a winding method with a low orientation angle ⁇ 2 with respect to the axis O as described with reference to FIG.
  • the orientation angle ⁇ 1 of the high-angle helical winding is approximately in the range of 65 ° to 75 ° with respect to the axis O.
  • the orientation angle ⁇ 2 of the low-angle helical winding is generally in the range of not less than the minimum angle that can be wound around the die 5 and not more than 15 °.
  • “Bulging part 7" In this embodiment, high-angle helical winding is performed on the surfaces of the cylindrical portion 3 and the shoulder portion 4A of the liner 2. As shown in FIG. 3, the diameter of the shoulder portion 4A is smaller than the diameter of the cylindrical portion 3. Therefore, when the strands 20 are wound closely adjacent to each other in the cylindrical portion 3, the strand 20 in the shoulder portion 4A is wound. They are wound so that they overlap each other in the circumferential direction. Therefore, the thickness in the radial direction increases by that amount, and the mountain-shaped bulging portion 7 is formed in the shoulder portion 4A.
  • the shape of the bulging portion 7 is such that the top portion 7A is the most bulging point and is closer to the cylindrical portion 3 and the flat portion 4B.
  • a mountain shape having slanted surfaces 7B and 7C each having a gently curved surface is provided in the vicinity.
  • the slope length of the inclined surface 7C is longer than that of the inclined surface 7B.
  • the bulging portion 7 may be formed by changing the orientation angle ⁇ 1 of the high-angle helical winding or the rotation speed of the liner 2.
  • the intermediate portion 8 is a hoop winding layer formed between the pair of crests 7A, or a layer of substantially hoop winding wound at a higher angle than at least the orientation angle ⁇ 1 of the high angle helical winding of the bulging portion 7, and the cylindrical portion 3 Is formed on the outer side of the high-angle helical layer 9 formed on the surface and on the outer side of the inclined surface 7B of the bulging portion 7. Accordingly, no step is formed between the top 7A of the bulging portion 7 and the intermediate portion 8, and the bulging portion 7 and the intermediate portion 8 are smoothly connected to each other.
  • the shape of the surface of the intermediate portion 8 connected to the top 7A is once an inclined surface on the outside of the bulging portion 7 in the axial center O direction, that is, an extension surface 10 of the inclined surface 7C.
  • it is formed in a curved shape and is formed parallel to the axis O direction. This allows the bulging portion 7 and the intermediate portion 8 to be smoothly connected.
  • An outer layer 11 wound with at least one of a hoop winding, a low-angle helical winding, and a high-angle helical winding is formed outside the bulging portion 7 and the intermediate portion 8.
  • the outer layer 11 is often composed of a mixed layer of hoop winding and low-angle helical winding, but the winding method of the outer layer 11 is not particularly limited in the present invention. As can be seen from FIG. 1, the thickness of the outer layer 11 between the pair of tops 7A is substantially constant.
  • the dome portion 4 is formed so as to bulge by high-angle helical winding, and the tops 7A of the pair of bulging portions 7 are hoop wound or
  • the following effects can be obtained by using the configuration including the intermediate portion 8 formed by a substantially hoop winding that is wound at a higher angle than the high-angle helical winding.
  • the dome portion 4 can be locally and sufficiently reinforced by the thick bulging portion 7 formed by the high-angle helical winding. Since the shape of the liner 2 can be a simple dome shape, stress concentration can be suppressed, and the influence of the internal fluid due to not providing the thick portion of the liner 2 can be suppressed.
  • the step formed by forming the bulging portions 7 is eliminated. be able to. Thereby, the swell of the outer layer 11 can be suppressed and the strength reduction of the pressure vessel 1 can be suppressed.
  • the intermediate portion 8 is once formed into a curved surface from the top 7A so as to be an extension surface 10 of the inclined surface 7C on the outer side of the bulging portion 7 in the axial center O direction, and is then parallel to the axial center O direction of the liner 2. If it is formed, the steps of the bulging portion 7 can be eliminated with a simple structure.
  • the bulging portion 7 is formed directly on the surface of the dome portion 4 of the liner 2, that is, the bulging portion 7 is formed as the first inner layer of the reinforcing layer 6.
  • the first inner layer of the reinforcing layer 6 may be formed of another winding layer, and the bulging portion 7 may be formed thereon.
  • the present invention is not limited to what is shown in the drawings, and various design changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
  • Pressure Vessels And Lids Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

円筒部(3)および一対のドーム部(4)を有するライナー(2)と、ライナー(2)の外側に形成される繊維強化樹脂材からなる補強層(6)と、を備えた圧力容器(1)であって、補強層(6)は、各ドーム部(4)に高角度ヘリカル巻きで膨出するように形成された膨出部(7)と、一対の膨出部(7)の各頂上(7A)間にわたってフープ巻きあるいは前記高角度ヘリカル巻きよりも高角度で巻かれる略フープ巻きで形成される中間部(8)と、を備えることを特徴とする。

Description

圧力容器
 本発明は、圧力容器に関する。
 円筒部および円筒部の両側に形成される一対のドーム部を有するライナーと、ライナーの外側に形成される繊維強化樹脂材からなる補強層と、を有する圧力容器が知られている(例えば、特許文献1,2参照)。
 補強層は一般にフィラメントワインディング法により形成されている。フープ巻きは、図4(a)に示すように繊維補強材30を圧力容器31の軸心Oと略直交する方向に巻く巻き方であり、低角度ヘリカル巻きは、図4(b)に示すように軸心Oに対して低い配向角度θ2で巻く巻き方であり、高角度ヘリカル巻きは、図4(c)に示すように軸心Oに対して高い配向角度θ1で巻く巻き方である。一般に、フープ巻きは円筒部32を補強する目的で、低角度ヘリカル巻きはドーム部33の先端周りを補強する目的で行われる。高角度ヘリカル巻きは、主にフープ巻きや低角度ヘリカル巻きでは補強しきれない部位、すなわちドーム部33のうちで円筒部32寄りの部位である肩部35を補強する目的で行われることが多い。
 特許文献2には、肩部の補強にフープ巻きを適用した技術が記載されている。具体的には、肩部の延長面となるように、ライナーの円筒部の端部にフープ層を形成する技術が記載されている。すなわち、フープ層のフープドーム部がライナーの肩部の一部を担う構造としたものである。
特開2012-246962号公報 特許第5408351号公報
 しかしながら、特許文献2の技術では、フープ層のフープドーム部は、肩部の延長面となるように形成されている。すなわち、フープ層のフープドーム部は、ライナーのドーム部の先端側に向かうにしたがい薄くなる構造である。したがって、肩部の補強の強度は、ライナーのドーム部の先端側に向けて徐々に低減することとなる。
 本発明はこのような課題を解決するために創作されたものであり、ライナーのドーム部の強度低下の抑制を図れる圧力容器を提供することを目的とする。
 前記課題を解決するため、本発明は、円筒部および一対のドーム部を有するライナーと、前記ライナーの外側に形成される繊維強化樹脂材からなる補強層と、を備えた圧力容器であって、前記補強層は、前記各ドーム部に高角度ヘリカル巻きで膨出するように形成された膨出部と、一対の前記膨出部の各頂上間にわたってフープ巻きあるいは前記高角度ヘリカル巻きよりも高角度で巻かれる略フープ巻きで形成される中間部と、を備えることを特徴とする。
 本発明によれば、次の効果が奏される。
 (1)高角度ヘリカル巻きによる厚みのある膨出部でドーム部を局所的に十分に補強できる。ライナーの形状は単純なドーム形状のままで済むため、応力集中を抑制でき、ライナーの厚肉部を特段設けないことによる内部流体の影響を抑制できる。
 (2)膨出部の頂上間にわたってフープ巻きあるいは前記高角度ヘリカル巻きよりも高角度で巻かれる略フープ巻きの中間部を備えることにより、膨出部の形成によってできる段差を無くすことができる。これにより、外層のうねりを抑制でき、圧力容器の強度低下を抑制できる。
 また、本発明は、前記中間部は、前記頂上から、一旦、前記膨出部の軸方向外側の傾斜面の延長面となるように曲面状に形成されたうえで、前記ライナーの軸方向と平行に形成されていることを特徴とする。
 本発明によれば、簡単な構造で膨出部の段差を無くすことができる。
 本発明によれば、ライナーのドーム部の強度低下の抑制を図れる。
本発明に係る圧力容器の側断面図である。 本発明に係る膨出部周りの側断面図である。 図1におけるIII-III断面図である。 フィラメントワインディング法の概略説明図であって、(a)はフープ巻き、(b)は低角度ヘリカル巻き、(c)は高角度ヘリカル巻きを示す。
 本発明の圧力容器はLPG等の低圧ガス、水素ガス等の高圧ガス、その他の流体を貯留する容器として適用できる。図1に示すように、本発明の圧力容器1は、ライナー2と、ライナー2の外側にフィラメントワインディングにより形成される繊維強化樹脂材からなる補強層6とを有する。
 ライナー2は、略定断面の円筒形状の円筒部3と、円筒部3の両端に形成されるドーム部4,4とを有する。少なくとも一方のドーム部4の平面部4Bの中央には、ライナー2の軸心Oと同軸状に金属製の口金5がライナー2と一体成形されている。ライナー2は例えばポリエチレン等の合成樹脂材から構成され、インジェクション成形やブロー成形等により形成されている。
 ドーム部4は、円筒部3の端部から曲面状に縮径する肩部4Aと、肩部4Aの先端側に形成され軸心Oとの略直交面をなす平面部4Bとを有した形状からなる。場合により、平面部4Bを形成することなく、円筒部3の端部から口金5にかけて全て曲面状に縮径形成してもよい。
 補強層6は、強化繊維の束からなるストランドを、図示しない回転装置により軸心O回りに回転するライナー2の外面に巻き付けることで形成される。補強層6は、各ドーム部4の肩部4Aに高角度ヘリカル巻きで膨出するように形成された膨出部7と、一対の膨出部7の各頂上7A間にわたってフープ巻きあるいは前記高角度ヘリカル巻きよりも高角度で巻かれる略フープ巻きで形成される中間部8とを備えている。
 フープ巻きは、図4(a)で説明したように圧力容器の軸心Oと略直交する方向に巻く巻き方であり、高角度ヘリカル巻きは、図4(c)で説明したように軸心Oに対して高い配向角度θ1で巻く巻き方である。低角度ヘリカル巻きは、図4(b)で説明したように軸心Oに対して低い配向角度θ2で巻く巻き方である。高角度ヘリカル巻きの配向角度θ1は、概ね軸心Oに対し65°~75°の範囲である。低角度ヘリカル巻きの配向角度θ2は、概ね口金5に掛け回し可能な最小角度以上で15°以下の範囲である。
 「膨出部7」
 本実施形態では、ライナー2の円筒部3および肩部4Aの表面に高角度ヘリカル巻きを行っている。図3に示すように、肩部4Aの径寸法は円筒部3の径寸法よりも小さいから、円筒部3においてストランド20同士がぴったり隣接して巻かれる場合には、肩部4Aにおいてはストランド20同士が円周方向に重なるようにして巻かれる。したがって、その分、径方向の厚みが増し、肩部4Aに山形状の膨出部7が形成される。
 図2において、肩部4Aは曲面状に傾斜しているため、ストランドの含浸樹脂材の粘度が低いと、ストランドが肩部4A上で滑って巻かれてしまい、目が開いてストランドを密に巻くことができない。したがって、ストランドの含浸樹脂材は、所定粘度以上の高粘度のものを使用することが好ましい。本発明者が高粘度の含浸樹脂を使用して試験を行った結果、ライナー2の肩部の表面に対してほとんど滑ることなくストランドを密に巻けることを確認できた。ただし、次第にストランドが厚みを増していくと、その径方向外側では滑りが生じやすくなっていくため、膨出部7の形状は、頂上7Aを最膨出点として円筒部3寄り、平面部4B寄りにそれぞれ緩曲面状の傾斜面7B,7Cを有する山形状を呈することとなる。本実施形態では、斜面長さは、傾斜面7Cの方が傾斜面7Bよりも長くなっている。なお、例えば、高角度ヘリカル巻きの配向角度θ1やライナー2の回転速度を変化させるなどして膨出部7を形成してもよい。
 「中間部8」
 中間部8は、一対の頂上7A間にわたって形成されるフープ巻き、あるいは少なくとも膨出部7の高角度ヘリカル巻きの配向角度θ1よりも高角度で巻かれる略フープ巻きの層であり、円筒部3の表面に形成された高角度ヘリカル層9の外側と、膨出部7の傾斜面7Bの外側に形成されている。これにより、膨出部7の頂上7Aと中間部8との間には段差が形成されることがなく、膨出部7と中間部8とは互いに滑らかに連なることとなる。
 頂上7Aに連なる中間部8の表面の形状は、図2に示すように、頂上7Aから、一旦、膨出部7の軸心O方向外側の傾斜面、すなわち傾斜面7Cの延長面10となるように曲面状に形成されたうえで、軸心O方向と平行に形成されている。これにより、膨出部7と中間部8とを滑らかに連ならせることができる。
 膨出部7および中間部8の外側には、フープ巻き、低角度ヘリカル巻き、高角度ヘリカル巻きのうちの少なくとも1つで巻かれた外層11が形成されている。一般には、外層11は、フープ巻きと低角度ヘリカル巻きの混成層で構成することが多いが、本発明においては外層11の巻き方法については特に限定されない。図1から判るように、一対の頂上7A間における外層11の厚みは略一定である。
 以上のように、補強層6として、各ドーム部4に高角度ヘリカル巻きで膨出するように形成された膨出部7と、一対の膨出部7の各頂上7A間にわたってフープ巻きあるいは前記高角度ヘリカル巻きよりも高角度で巻かれる略フープ巻きで形成される中間部8とを備える構成とすれば、次のような効果が奏される。
 (1)高角度ヘリカル巻きによる厚みのある膨出部7でドーム部4を局所的に十分に補強できる。ライナー2の形状は単純なドーム形状のままで済むため、応力集中を抑制でき、ライナー2の厚肉部を特段設けないことによる内部流体の影響を抑制できる。
 (2)膨出部7の頂上7A間にわたってフープ巻きあるいは前記高角度ヘリカル巻きよりも高角度で巻かれる略フープ巻きの中間部8を備えることにより、膨出部7の形成によってできる段差を無くすことができる。これにより、外層11のうねりを抑制でき、圧力容器1の強度低下を抑制できる。
 中間部8を、頂上7Aから、一旦、膨出部7の軸心O方向外側の傾斜面7Cの延長面10となるように曲面状に形成したうえで、ライナー2の軸心O方向と平行に形成すれば、簡単な構造で膨出部7の段差を無くすことができる。
 以上、本発明の好適な実施形態について説明した。説明した実施形態は、膨出部7をライナー2のドーム部4の表面に直接、つまり膨出部7を補強層6の第1内側層として形成した。しかし、例えば、補強層6の第1内側層を他の巻き層から構成し、その上に膨出部7を形成するようにしてもよい。その他、本発明は図面に記載したものに限られず、その趣旨を逸脱しない範囲で様々な設計変更が可能である。
 1   圧力容器
 2   ライナー
 3   円筒部
 4   ドーム部
 6   補強層
 7   膨出部
 8   中間部
 9   高角度ヘリカル層
10   延長面
11   外層

Claims (2)

  1.  円筒部および一対のドーム部を有するライナーと、前記ライナーの外側に形成される繊維強化樹脂材からなる補強層と、を備えた圧力容器であって、
     前記補強層は、
     前記各ドーム部に高角度ヘリカル巻きで膨出するように形成された膨出部と、
     一対の前記膨出部の各頂上間にわたってフープ巻きあるいは前記高角度ヘリカル巻きよりも高角度で巻かれる略フープ巻きで形成される中間部と、
     を備えることを特徴とする圧力容器。
  2.  前記中間部は、前記頂上から、一旦、前記膨出部の軸方向外側の傾斜面の延長面となるように曲面状に形成されたうえで、前記ライナーの軸方向と平行に形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の圧力容器。
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