WO2020070838A1 - 成型炭の製造方法 - Google Patents
成型炭の製造方法Info
- Publication number
- WO2020070838A1 WO2020070838A1 PCT/JP2018/037090 JP2018037090W WO2020070838A1 WO 2020070838 A1 WO2020070838 A1 WO 2020070838A1 JP 2018037090 W JP2018037090 W JP 2018037090W WO 2020070838 A1 WO2020070838 A1 WO 2020070838A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- coal
- polyvinyl alcohol
- weight
- molded
- water
- Prior art date
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
- C10L5/06—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting
- C10L5/10—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting with the aid of binders, e.g. pretreated binders
- C10L5/14—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting with the aid of binders, e.g. pretreated binders with organic binders
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a method for producing molded coal.
- Patent Literature 1 proposes a technique in which starch is added to powdery coal as a binder, mixed, and the surface of a molded product obtained by molding is coated with heavy oil such as heavy oil or tar.
- Patent Document 2 proposes a technique in which tar or tar slag is added to pulverized coal and then molded.
- Pulverized coal is generated during such a reforming process.
- the generated pulverized coal is desirably transported not as powder but as molded coal from the viewpoint of improving safety and preventing liquefaction.
- the molded coal is required to have high strength so as not to be easily broken by vibration, impact and the like.
- molded coal is exposed to rain and wind, so it is required to maintain high strength without breaking down even when wet with water.
- pulverized coal made from dry coal is harder to mold than raw coal, a binder is required to produce shaped coal.
- a binder is required to produce shaped coal.
- a heavy oil component such as tar
- pulverized coal generated during carbonization is apt to spontaneously ignite, and thus heating is not preferable from the viewpoint of safety.
- heating equipment is required, and it is difficult to uniformly heat when kneading a large amount, there is a concern that the kneading becomes uneven and the strength of the molded coal varies.
- the present invention aims to provide a method for producing molded coal that is excellent in safety and can maintain high strength even when wet with water.
- the present invention comprises a step of forming a forming raw material containing powdered dry distillation coal and a binder, drying the raw material at 60 to 100 ° C., and obtaining a forming coal having a water content of 5% by weight or less,
- the binder contains an aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol having a degree of saponification of more than 99.3 mol% and a degree of polymerization of 1700 or more.
- a method for producing molded coal which is pulverized coal.
- a binder containing an aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol having a degree of saponification of more than 99.3 mol% is used. Since the aqueous solution is used as the binder, the safety is excellent. And, when the polyvinyl alcohol having a high degree of saponification is dried, the hydroxyl groups in each molecule are bonded by a hydrogen bond, and exhibit excellent water resistance. That is, since the polyvinyl alcohol molecules contained as binders in the molded coal are strongly bonded to each other, high strength can be maintained even when wet with water.
- the degree of polymerization of the polyvinyl alcohol is preferably 2500 or more. Thereby, the strength of the formed coal especially at the time of drying can be further improved.
- the molded product of the molding raw material is dried to obtain molded coal having a water content of 5% by weight or less.
- the formation of hydrogen bonds is promoted, and the strength of the molded coal when wet with water can be increased.
- the content of polyvinyl alcohol in the aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol is preferably 1 to 10% by weight.
- the content of polyvinyl alcohol is preferably at least 1 part by weight based on 100 parts by weight of dry carbonized coal. Thereby, the strength of the molded coal can be further increased.
- the binder may contain ⁇ -starch together with polyvinyl alcohol. Since ⁇ -starch is inexpensive, the production cost can be reduced. Further, when ⁇ -starch is used, the strength of the molded coal at the time of drying can be sufficiently increased. Therefore, ⁇ -starch is useful in applications where emphasis is placed on dry strength rather than water resistance.
- the molded coal obtained by the above production method preferably has a crushing strength of 50 N or more after immersion in water at 20 ° C for 24 hours. Thereby, collapse during exposure to rain and wind during transportation and storage of coal can be sufficiently suppressed.
- the above-mentioned molded coal preferably has a crushing strength of 50 N or more after immersion in water at 20 ° C for 24 hours. Thereby, collapse during exposure to rain and wind during transportation and storage of coal can be sufficiently suppressed. Therefore, since coal can be safely transported by sea and stored, the coal formed by the above-described production method can be suitably used as a solid fuel.
- the present invention can provide a method for producing molded coal which is excellent in safety and can maintain high strength even when wet with water.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a measuring device used for measuring the crushing strength of molded coal.
- FIG. 2 is a semilogarithmic graph showing the relationship between the immersion time and the crushing strength of the formed coals of Examples 2 and 3 and Comparative Examples 2 and 3.
- FIG. 3 is a semilogarithmic graph showing the relationship between the immersion time and the crushing strength of the molded coals of Reference Examples 4 to 6.
- FIG. 4 is a plot of the crushing strength on the vertical axis and the degree of polymerization of polyvinyl alcohol on the horizontal axis before and after immersion (after drying) and after immersion for 24 hours (1440 minutes) in the formed coal of Reference Examples 4 to 6. It is the graph which did.
- FIG. 4 is a plot of the crushing strength on the vertical axis and the degree of polymerization of polyvinyl alcohol on the horizontal axis before and after immersion (after drying) and after immersion for 24 hours (1440 minutes) in the formed coal of Reference Examples 4 to 6. It is the graph which did.
- FIG. 5 is a semilogarithmic graph showing the relationship between the immersion time and the crushing strength of the formed coals of Reference Examples 6 to 10.
- FIG. 6 is a semilogarithmic graph showing the relationship between the immersion time and the crushing strength of the molded coals of Reference Examples 11 to 13.
- FIG. 7 shows the crushing strength on the vertical axis and the blending ratio of ⁇ -starch on the horizontal axis before and after immersion (after drying) and after immersion for 24 hours (1440 minutes) in the charcoal of Reference Examples 8 and 11 to 13.
- 5 is a graph in which the data of FIG.
- the method for producing molded coal of the present embodiment includes a step of molding and drying a molding material containing powdered dry distillation coal and a binder to obtain molded coal.
- the pulverized dry coal is pulverized coal obtained by drying and carbonizing coal containing at least one of lignite and subbituminous coal. This makes it possible to effectively utilize low-grade lignite and subbituminous coal among coals.
- the particle size of the carbonized coal is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, pulverized coal under a sieve obtained by sieving with a sieve of 1 to 10 mm. From the viewpoint of improving the moldability, when sieved with a 1 mm sieve, the ratio of the sieved portion to the entire dry carbonized coal may be 80% by weight or more.
- the binder contains an aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) having a degree of saponification of more than 99.3 mol% and a degree of polymerization of 1700 or more.
- PVA polyvinyl alcohol
- Pulverized coal obtained by drying and carbonizing low-grade coal such as lignite and sub-bituminous coal has more pores than coke powder produced from high-grade coal. For this reason, such a molded product of pulverized coal has a small density and tends to have low strength. However, in the present embodiment, the strength can be increased by using the above-described binder.
- the degree of saponification of polyvinyl alcohol indicates the ratio of units actually saponified to vinyl alcohol units among units that can be converted to vinyl alcohol units by saponification.
- the degree of saponification can be measured by a neutralization titration method according to JIS K 6726-1994. Specifically, a phenolphthalein solution is added to polyvinyl alcohol, and sodium hydroxide is added dropwise until it becomes pale red. The residue (residual acetic acid group) is determined from the dropped amount, and the degree of saponification is calculated.
- the degree of saponification is calculated by a formula of n / (m + n) ⁇ 100 in polyvinyl alcohol having a molecular structure as shown in the following formula (1).
- Partially saponified polyvinyl alcohol has a molecular structure as shown in the following formula (1), while fully saponified polyvinyl alcohol has almost all acetic acid groups replaced with hydroxyl groups as shown in the following formula (2). .
- polyvinyl alcohol having a degree of saponification of more than 99.3 mol% When polyvinyl alcohol having a degree of saponification of more than 99.3 mol% is dried, the hydroxyl groups of each molecule are strongly bonded to each other by hydrogen bonding. Once such a bond has been formed, it does not dissociate readily upon contact with water again. For this reason, molded coal obtained by molding and drying using a binder containing an aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol having a degree of saponification of more than 99.3 mol% is excellent in water resistance.
- the degree of saponification of polyvinyl alcohol is preferably 99.5 mol% or more from the viewpoint of further increasing the strength of the formed coal when dried and when wet with water.
- the polymerization degree of polyvinyl alcohol is 1700 or more, preferably 2500 or more, and more preferably 3300 or more, particularly from the viewpoint of improving the strength of the molded coal during drying.
- the degree of polymerization of polyvinyl alcohol can be measured by a solution viscosity measurement method according to JIS K6726-1994.
- the content of polyvinyl alcohol in the aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol is preferably 1 to 10% by weight, more preferably 2 to 10% by weight. Thereby, it becomes easy to knead with the powdered dry distillation coal, and the dispersibility can be improved. Therefore, the uniformity of the forming raw material is improved, and the variation in the strength of the forming coal can be reduced.
- the viscosity (20 ° C.) of the aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol may be, for example, 20 to 500 mPa ⁇ s.
- the binder contains an aqueous solution, it is superior in safety as compared to a binder composed of only combustibles.
- the kneaded coal and the binder can be kneaded even at room temperature without heating, kneaded coal having pyrophoric properties can be kneaded sufficiently and safely. However, kneading by heating is not excluded.
- the molding raw material can be prepared by mixing and kneading powdered dry carbonized coal and a binder containing an aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol.
- a binder containing an aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol Depending on the viscosity of the aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol or the content of polyvinyl alcohol in the aqueous solution, water may also be blended and kneaded.
- the mixing ratio of the aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol to 100 parts by weight of the dry carbonized coal may be, for example, 5 to 50 parts by weight, from the viewpoint of sufficiently increasing both moldability and kneading properties. It may be by weight.
- the content of polyvinyl alcohol in the forming raw material is preferably 0.5% by weight or more, and more preferably 1.5% by weight or more.
- the content of polyvinyl alcohol in the forming raw material is preferably 10% by weight or less from the viewpoint of reducing the manufacturing cost of the forming coal.
- the water content in the molding raw material is preferably from 20 to 40% by weight from the viewpoint of sufficiently increasing both moldability and kneading properties.
- the binder may contain components other than polyvinyl alcohol and water. Such components may be water-soluble.
- ⁇ -starch is preferred from the viewpoint of production cost. Since ⁇ -starch is usually less expensive than polyvinyl alcohol, the production cost of molded coal can be reduced by substituting a part of polyvinyl alcohol with ⁇ -starch. Further, when ⁇ -starch is used, the strength of the molded coal at the time of drying can be sufficiently increased.
- the mixing ratio of ⁇ -starch to 100 parts by weight of the dry distillation charcoal is preferably 1 to 9 parts by weight from the viewpoint of sufficiently increasing the strength during drying while maintaining water resistance.
- neither the calcium oxide nor the magnesium oxide is added to the forming raw material from the viewpoint of sufficiently increasing the calorific value when the forming coal is used as a solid fuel.
- Examples of equipment for molding the molding raw material include a usual double roll molding machine and a uniaxial press molding machine.
- the shape of the molded product obtained by molding the molding raw material is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, a Macek type, a spherical shape, a cylindrical shape, or a prismatic shape.
- the density of the shaped coal may be, for example, 1.0 to 2.0 g / ml.
- the molding pressure is, for example, a linear pressure of 1 to 10 ton / cm, and a surface pressure of, for example, 40 to 390 MPa.
- the obtained molded product is dried using, for example, an electric furnace or a drier to reduce the water content.
- the dried charcoal is obtained by drying the molded product. Drying may be performed, for example, in air at 60 to 100 ° C. or in an inert gas atmosphere. The drying time may be, for example, 1 to 20 hours.
- Drying may be performed in the exhaust gas of a combustion furnace. Such drying reduces the water content of the shaped coal, preferably to 5% by weight or less.
- the water content of the molded coal can be measured by a heat drying method (a method of measuring the weight before and after the heat drying) using a water measuring device.
- Molded coal includes dry-distilled coal and a binder containing polyvinyl alcohol having a degree of saponification of more than 99.3 mol% and a degree of polymerization of 1700 or more.
- the content of the polyvinyl alcohol in the molded coal is preferably 1 part by weight or more, more preferably 2 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the dry distillation coal. It is more than weight part.
- the content of polyvinyl alcohol in the molded coal is, for example, 10 parts by weight or less based on 100 parts by weight of the dry distillation coal.
- the water content of the formed coal is 5% by weight or less, and preferably 4% by weight or less, from the viewpoint of improving strength.
- the binder contains polyvinyl alcohol and ⁇ -starch
- the content of ⁇ -starch is preferably 1 to 9 parts by weight
- the total content of polyvinyl alcohol and ⁇ -starch is preferably 2 to 100 parts by weight in the dry coal. 1010 parts by weight.
- the strength of the coal can be quantified as the crushing strength measured using the measuring device 10 shown in FIG.
- a columnar ( ⁇ 15 mm ⁇ height 15 mm) molded charcoal 16 is prepared as a sample.
- the molded charcoal 16 is arranged on the support plate 17 disposed on the bottom plate of the gantry 18 such that the peripheral surface of the molded charcoal 16 to be measured and the upper surface of the support plate 17 are in contact with each other.
- the movable plate 14 attached to the gantry 18 so as to be able to ascend and descend is lowered, and the molded charcoal 16 is sandwiched between the movable plate 14 and the support plate 17.
- a load is applied in the radial direction of the molded coal 16.
- the crushing strength is determined from the load at the time when the coal briquettes 16 break.
- the crushing strength of the molded coal when dried is preferably 100 N or more, more preferably 150 N or more. Further, the crushing strength of the molded coal after immersion in water at 20 ° C. for 24 hours is preferably 40 N or more, more preferably 50 N or more. As described above, the molded coal of the present embodiment can maintain high strength not only during drying but also when wet with water.
- the dry-distilled coal obtained by dry-distillation was sieved with a 1-mm sieve, and the dry-distilled coal under the sieve obtained by kneading was kneaded with the binders (1) to (13) to obtain molding raw materials.
- the binders (1) and (8) to (13) were kneaded at room temperature to prepare a molding material.
- binders (4) to (7) were difficult to knead at room temperature (20 ° C.) because of high viscosity. For this reason, the binders (4) to (7) were kneaded with dry-distilled coal while heating to 120 to 130 ° C. to prepare molding raw materials.
- Example 1 in which polyvinyl alcohol was used as a binder, molded coal having better moldability was obtained than in Comparative Examples 1-3 to 1-12 in which binders (4) to (13) were used. .
- the molded coal of Example 1 was also excellent in water resistance.
- Comparative Examples 1-1 and 1-2 using the binders (2) and (3) were excellent in moldability, but collapsed when immersed in water and could not maintain the original shape.
- the formed charcoal was dried in air at 80 ° C. for 15 hours.
- the moisture and crushing strength of the dried coal after drying were as shown in Table 2.
- the moisture of the molded coal before and after drying was measured by a heat drying method using a commercially available moisture meter.
- Example 2 As shown in Table 2, the molded coal of Example 2 was able to maintain a crushing strength of 90 N or more even after 24 hours.
- Example 3 Except that polyvinyl alcohol (degree of saponification:> 99.3 mol%, degree of polymerization: 1700) was used in place of the polyvinyl alcohol used in Example 2, molded coal was prepared and measured in the same manner as in Example 2. Was done. Table 3 shows the results.
- Example 3 As shown in Table 3, the molded coal of Example 3 was able to maintain a crushing strength of 70 N or more even after 24 hours.
- Example 2 having a higher degree of saponification had higher crushing strength and better water resistance than Example 3.
- the molded coal of Comparative Example 2 had significantly lower crushing strength after drying than Examples 2 and 3.
- the molded coal gradually collapsed, so that measurement could not be performed after the immersion time of 30 minutes.
- the molded coal of Comparative Example 3 had a crushing strength after drying that was lower than that of Comparative Example 2. In addition, when immersed in water, the molded coal gradually collapsed, so that measurement could not be performed after the immersion time of 1 minute.
- FIG. 2 is a semilogarithmic graph showing the relationship between the immersion time and the crushing strength of the formed coals of Examples 2 and 3 and Comparative Examples 2 and 3. In addition, about what collapsed by immersion in water, the crushing strength was set to 0 and plotted on the graph.
- the molded coal of Reference Example 4 was able to maintain a crushing strength of 100 N or more even after 24 hours of immersion time.
- the molded coal of Reference Example 6 was able to maintain a crushing strength of 100 N or more even after 24 hours. Compared with Reference Examples 4 and 5, the molded coal of Reference Example 6 having a higher degree of polymerization of polyvinyl alcohol had particularly high crushing strength before immersion (before and after drying) and after re-drying.
- FIG. 3 is a semilogarithmic graph showing the relationship between the immersion time and the crushing strength of the formed coals of Reference Examples 4 to 6.
- FIG. 4 is a plot of the crushing strength on the vertical axis and the degree of polymerization of polyvinyl alcohol on the horizontal axis before and after immersion (after drying) and after immersion for 24 hours (1440 minutes) in the formed coal of Reference Examples 4 to 6. It is the graph which did. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, as the degree of polymerization of polyvinyl alcohol increases, both the crushing strength before immersion in water and the water resistance improve. In addition, the crushing strength of the dried coal is significantly improved by increasing the degree of polymerization of polyvinyl alcohol.
- Reference Example 8 Same as Reference Example 7 except that the mixture ratio of the aqueous solution of the binder, water and the dry-distilled coal was adjusted to 100 parts by weight of the dry-distilled coal, with the binder aqueous solution being 10 parts by weight and the water being 28 parts by weight. To make a molded charcoal and measured. Table 10 shows the results.
- Reference Example 10 Same as Reference Example 7 except that the mixture ratio of the aqueous solution of the binder, the water and the carbon fraction was 100 parts by weight of the dry distillation coal, and the mixture was prepared by using 20 parts by weight of the aqueous binder solution and 19 parts by weight of water. To make a molded charcoal and measured. Table 12 shows the results.
- FIG. 5 is a semilogarithmic graph showing the relationship between the immersion time and the crushing strength of the formed coals of Reference Examples 6 to 10. It was confirmed that the crushing strength increased as the content of polyvinyl alcohol increased. It was confirmed that the ratio of polyvinyl alcohol to 100 parts by weight of dry carbonized carbon had to be 1.5 parts by weight or more in order to make the crushing strength 100 N or more both before and after immersion in water.
- FIG. 6 is a semilogarithmic graph showing the relationship between the immersion time and the crushing strength of the formed coals of Reference Examples 11 to 13.
- FIG. 7 shows the crushing strength on the vertical axis and the blending ratio (parts by weight) of ⁇ -starch on the horizontal axis, before immersion (after drying) and 24 hours (1440) of the molded coal of Reference Examples 8 and 11 to 13 in water. It is the graph which plotted the data after immersion for (minute). From these data, it was confirmed that the water resistance was not improved by adding ⁇ -starch, but the crushing strength of the formed coal before immersion in water (after drying) and after re-drying could be significantly increased.
- Example 14 A molded coal was prepared and measured in the same manner as in Example 2 except that polyvinyl alcohol (degree of saponification:> 99.7 mol%, degree of polymerization: 1700) was used instead of the polyvinyl alcohol used in Example 2. Was done. Immersion in water was performed for up to 72 hours. Table 16 shows the results.
- Example 4 Comparative Example 4 Except that polyvinyl alcohol (degree of saponification: 98.0 to 99.0 mol%, degree of polymerization: 1700) was used in place of the polyvinyl alcohol used in Example 2, a molded coal was produced in the same manner as in Example 2. did. The crushing strength (after drying and after immersion in water at 20 ° C. for 24 hours) of the formed coal was measured in the same procedure as in Example 2. The results are shown in Table 18. Table 18 also shows the results of Comparative Example 2, Comparative Example 3, Example 2, and Example 3.
- Comparative Example 4 the crushing strength of Comparative Example 4 was slightly higher than that of Comparative Examples 2 and 3.
- Examples 2 and 3 using polyvinyl alcohol having a degree of saponification of more than 99.3 mol% the crushing strength after drying and after immersion in water was significantly higher than Comparative Examples 2 to 4. Had become.
- polyvinyl alcohol was blended at a ratio of 3 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of dry carbonized coal. As described above, it was confirmed that even when the blending ratio of polyvinyl alcohol was low, high crushing strength was obtained by using polyvinyl alcohol having a high degree of saponification and a degree of polymerization of a predetermined value or more.
- a method for producing molded coal which is excellent in safety and can maintain high strength even when wet with water. Further, there is provided a molded coal capable of maintaining high strength even when wet with water.
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Abstract
Description
(実施例1及び比較例1)
<成型原料の調製>
以下の12種類のバインダを準備した。
(1)ポリビニルアルコール(重合度:1700、けん化度:99.7mol%)の水溶液(ポリビニルアルコール含有量:10重量%)
(2)α澱粉(コーン由来)
(3)α澱粉(タピオカ由来)
(4)ストレートアスファルト
(5)軟ピッチ(SOP)
(6)ビチュメンA
(7)ビチュメンB
(8)酢酸ビニルエマルジョン
(9)廃糖蜜A(消石灰添加 無し)
(10)廃糖蜜B(消石灰添加 有り)
(11)パルプ廃液
(12)フミン酸のアルカリ性水溶液
(13)ベントナイト
調製した成型原料を、一軸加圧成型機を用いて283MPaの成型圧で成型して成型炭を作製した。それぞれのバインダについて、成型炭の圧壊強度を50N以上とするために必要なバインダの配合量を調べた。そして、次の基準で各バインダの成型性を評価した。すなわち、成型炭全体に対するバインダの含有量が10重量%以下である場合を「A」、当該含有量が10重量%を超え、且つ40重量%以下である場合を「B」、バインダの配合量を40重量%にしても成型できなかったもの又は圧壊強度が50Nに達しなかったものを「C」と評価した。評価結果は表1に示すとおりであった。
成型性の評価が「A」又は「B」のものについて、以下の手順で耐水性を評価した。成型炭を水中に1440分間浸漬した。その後、水中から成型炭を取り出して、浸漬前の形状を維持していたものを「A」、浸漬前の形状を維持できなかったものを「B」と評価した。評価結果は表1に示すとおりであった。
(実施例2)
ポリビニルアルコール(けん化度:>99.85mol%、重合度:1700)を10重量%の濃度で含有する水溶液(バインダ水溶液)と、水と、実施例1で用いた乾留炭とを混合して混合物を得た。このときの重量基準の配合比は、乾留炭100重量部に対して、バインダ水溶液を30重量部、水を10重量部とした。混合物を、一軸加圧成型機を用いて成型し(成型圧:283MPa)、複数の成型炭(乾燥前)を作製した。この成型炭の水分は27.6重量%であり、圧壊強度(n=2の平均値)は66Nであった。圧壊強度は図1の測定装置を用いて測定した。
実施例2で用いたポリビニルアルコールに代えて、ポリビニルアルコール(けん化度:>99.3mol%、重合度:1700)を用いたこと以外は、実施例2と同様にして成型炭を作製し、測定を行った。結果を表3に示す。
実施例2で用いたポリビニルアルコールに代えて、ポリビニルアルコール(けん化度:94.5~95.5mol%、重合度:1700)を用いたこと以外は、実施例2と同様にして成型炭を作製し、測定を行った。結果を表4に示す。
実施例2で用いたポリビニルアルコールに代えて、ポリビニルアルコール(けん化度:87~89mol%、重合度:1700)を用いたこと以外は、実施例2と同様にして成型炭を作製し、測定を行った。結果を表5に示す。
(参考例4)
実施例2で用いたポリビニルアルコールに代えて、ポリビニルアルコール(けん化度:>99mol%、重合度:2500)を用いたこと以外は、実施例2と同様にして成型炭を作製し、測定を行った。結果を表6に示す。
実施例2で用いたポリビニルアルコールに代えて、ポリビニルアルコール(けん化度:>99mol%、重合度:3300)を用いたこと以外は、実施例2と同様にして成型炭を作製し、測定を行った。結果を表7に示す。
実施例2で用いたポリビニルアルコールに代えて、ポリビニルアルコール(けん化度:>99mol%、重合度:4000)を用いたこと以外は、実施例2と同様にして成型炭を作製し、測定を行った。結果を表8に示す。
(参考例7)
参考例6で用いたポリビニルアルコール(けん化度:>99mol%、重合度:4000)を10重量%の濃度で含有するバインダ水溶液と、水と、実施例1で用いた乾留炭とを混合して混合物を調製した。このときの重量基準の配合比は、乾留炭100重量部に対して、バインダ水溶液を3重量部、水を34.3重量部とした。この混合物を用いて実施例2と同様にして成型炭を作製し、測定を行った。結果を表9に示す。
バインダ水溶液と水と乾留炭の重量基準の配合比を、乾留炭100重量部に対して、バインダ水溶液を10重量部、水を28重量部として混合物を調製したこと以外は、参考例7と同様にして成型炭を作製し、測定を行った。結果を表10に示す。
バインダ水溶液と水と乾留炭の重量基準の配合比を、乾留炭100重量部に対して、バインダ水溶液を15重量部、水を23.5重量部として混合物を調製したこと以外は、参考例7と同様にして成型炭を作製し、測定を行った。結果を表11に示す。
バインダ水溶液と水と乾留炭の重量基準の配合比を、乾留炭100重量部に対して、バインダ水溶液を20重量部、水を19重量部として混合物を調製したこと以外は、参考例7と同様にして成型炭を作製し、測定を行った。結果を表12に示す。
(参考例11)
ポリビニルアルコール(けん化度:>99mol%、重合度:4000)を10重量%の濃度で含有するポリビニルアルコール水溶液と、比較例1-1で用いたα澱粉と、水と、実施例1で用いた乾留炭とを混合して混合物を得た。このときの重量基準の配合比は、乾留炭100重量部に対して、ポリビニルアルコール水溶液を10重量部、α澱粉を1重量部及び水を28重量部とした。この混合物を用いたこと以外は、実施例2と同様にして成型炭を作製して測定を行った。結果を表13に示す。
ポリビニルアルコール水溶液とα澱粉と水と乾留炭の重量基準の配合比を、乾留炭100重量部に対して、ポリビニルアルコール水溶液を10重量部、α澱粉を3重量部及び水を28重量部として混合物を調製したこと以外は、参考例11と同様にして成型炭を作製し、測定を行った。結果を表14に示す。
ポリビニルアルコール水溶液とα澱粉と水と乾留炭の重量基準の配合比を、乾留炭100重量部に対して、ポリビニルアルコール水溶液を10重量部、α澱粉を5重量部及び水を28重量部として混合物を調製したこと以外は、参考例11と同様にして成型炭を作製し、測定を行った。結果を表15に示す。
(実施例14)
実施例2で用いたポリビニルアルコールに代えて、ポリビニルアルコール(けん化度:>99.7mol%、重合度:1700)を用いたこと以外は、実施例2と同様にして成型炭を作製し、測定を行った。水中への浸漬は最大で72時間まで行った。結果を表16に示す。
実施例2で用いたポリビニルアルコールに代えて、ポリビニルアルコール(けん化度:87~88mol%、重合度:1700)を用いたこと以外は、実施例2と同様にして成型炭を作製し、測定を行った。結果を表17に示す。
実施例2で用いたポリビニルアルコールに代えて、ポリビニルアルコール(けん化度:98.0~99.0mol%、重合度:1700)を用いたこと以外は、実施例2と同様にして成型炭を作製した。作製した成型炭の圧壊強度(乾燥後と、20℃の水中に24時間浸漬後)を実施例2と同じ手順で測定した。結果を表18に示す。表18には、比較例2、比較例3、実施例2及び実施例3の結果も併せて示した。
Claims (7)
- 粉状の乾留炭とバインダとを含む成型原料を成型して60~100℃で乾燥し、水分が5重量%以下である成型炭を得る工程を有し、
前記バインダは、けん化度が99.3mol%を超え、重合度が1700以上であるポリビニルアルコールの水溶液を含有し、
前記粉状の乾留炭は、褐炭及び亜瀝青炭の少なくとも一方を含む石炭を乾燥し乾留した微粉炭である、成型炭の製造方法。 - 前記ポリビニルアルコールの重合度は2500以上である、請求項1に記載の成型炭の製造方法。
- 前記水溶液における前記ポリビニルアルコールの含有量は1~10重量%である、請求項1又は2に記載の成型炭の製造方法。
- 前記乾留炭100重量部に対する前記ポリビニルアルコールの含有量が1重量部以上である、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の成型炭の製造方法。
- 前記バインダはα澱粉を含有する、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の成型炭の製造方法。
- 前記成型炭は、20℃の水中に24時間浸漬した後の圧壊強度が50N以上である、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の成型炭の製造方法。
- 前記成型原料には、酸化カルシウム及び酸化マグネシウムのいずれもが添加されていない、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の成型炭の製造方法。
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