WO2020063738A1 - 一种电池模组、电池箱及汽车 - Google Patents

一种电池模组、电池箱及汽车 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020063738A1
WO2020063738A1 PCT/CN2019/108131 CN2019108131W WO2020063738A1 WO 2020063738 A1 WO2020063738 A1 WO 2020063738A1 CN 2019108131 W CN2019108131 W CN 2019108131W WO 2020063738 A1 WO2020063738 A1 WO 2020063738A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
end plate
management unit
battery management
connector
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/108131
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
高汉卿
陈传炼
欧阳小龙
胡晓玮
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority to EP19867342.8A priority Critical patent/EP3836245B1/en
Publication of WO2020063738A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020063738A1/zh
Priority to US17/125,938 priority patent/US11978864B2/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/244—Secondary casings; Racks; Suspension devices; Carrying devices; Holders characterised by their mounting method
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/284—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with incorporated circuit boards, e.g. printed circuit boards [PCB]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/284—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with incorporated circuit boards, e.g. printed circuit boards [PCB]
    • H01M50/287—Fixing of circuit boards to lids or covers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/298—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the wiring of battery packs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of batteries, and in particular to a structure of a battery cell management circuit board in a battery module.
  • a plurality of serial or parallel single cells are usually arranged side by side.
  • a sampling line needs to be set for the single cells and connected to the sampling lines
  • CMU that is, the abbreviation of Cell Management Unit, also called a slave board.
  • the battery management unit has two setting schemes, one is provided outside the battery module, and the other is built in the top of the battery module. Both of these solutions have insufficient design. Where the battery management unit is placed outside the battery module, the length and number of sampling lines inside the battery module will increase, thereby increasing wiring complexity. When the battery management unit is built on the top of the battery module, the height of the module is increased, thereby reducing the energy density of the battery module.
  • the purpose of this application is to provide a new battery module, a battery box and a car, which are used to solve the technical problem that the difficulty of wiring the single battery sampling line and the energy density of the battery module cannot be taken into account in the existing battery module.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a battery module, including:
  • the module frame includes an end plate and a side plate, and the end plate and the side plate surround a module frame for fixing the single battery;
  • the battery management unit is disposed on the end plate and is connected to a sampling line of the single battery.
  • a first limiting portion is respectively provided on both sides of the end plate, and the first limiting portion protrudes toward an outer surface of the end plate;
  • Two sides of the battery management unit respectively abut the first limiting portion on the corresponding side.
  • a second limiting portion is provided at the bottom of the end plate, and the second limiting portion is convex toward the outer surface of the end plate;
  • a lower edge of the battery management unit abuts an upper surface of the second limiting portion.
  • the battery management unit and the sampling line of the single battery are connected through a plug-in component;
  • the battery management unit is fixed to an outer surface of the end plate, and the end plate is provided with a first hollow groove for avoiding the plug assembly.
  • first hollow groove is located on the top of the end plate
  • the connector assembly includes a connection harness, a first connector, and a second connector, and the first connector and the second connector are disposed at both ends of the connection harness;
  • the first connector is connected to a sampling line of the single battery; the second connector is connected to the battery management unit.
  • the battery management unit is provided with a second hollow groove, the second hollow groove is opposite to the first hollow groove, and the second connector is disposed on the outer surface of the battery management unit.
  • the battery management unit includes a battery cell management circuit board and a circuit box, the circuit box is fixed on an outer surface of the end plate, and the battery cell management circuit board is disposed in the circuit box.
  • circuit box is provided with a third limiting portion, and the third limiting portion protrudes toward an outer surface of the circuit box;
  • the third position-limiting portion is located below the connection wire harness and abuts against an outer wall of the connection wire harness.
  • the third limiting portion is provided with a fixing hole, and the connection wire harness is connected to the fixing hole of the third limiting portion through a fixing band.
  • sampling line of the single cell is a flexible circuit board.
  • the inner surface of the end plate is opposite to the large surface of the single cell located at the end of the module frame.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a battery box, where the battery box includes the battery module according to any one of the foregoing.
  • the battery box further includes a battery management system, and the battery management system is connected to the battery management unit.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a car, including the battery module according to any one of the foregoing.
  • the automobile further includes a battery management system, and the battery management system is connected to the battery management unit.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a method for manufacturing a battery module, including:
  • the end plates are arranged at the ends of the single cells arranged side by side;
  • end plates of the unit cells where the end plates are arranged side by side include:
  • the inner surface of the end plate is opposed to the large surface of the single cell.
  • the manufacturing method further includes:
  • a side plate is connected to the end plate, and the side plate and the end plate are connected end to end to form a module frame.
  • the manufacturing method further includes:
  • a sampling line is connected to the single cell.
  • the manufacturing method further includes:
  • the battery module described in the above technical solution arranges the battery management unit on an end plate of the module frame, on the one hand, it facilitates wiring of the sampling line of the single battery, and on the other hand, the battery management unit is placed on the end plate.
  • the end space of the module frame can be effectively used without increasing the height of the battery module, which can effectively ensure the energy density of the battery module, thereby taking into account both the wiring difficulty of the battery sampling line and the energy density of the battery module.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module according to a specific embodiment
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an end plate according to a specific embodiment
  • FIG. 3 is an exploded view of one end of a battery module according to a specific embodiment
  • FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the battery management unit according to the embodiment.
  • the battery module includes a module frame, two or more single cells 2, and a battery management unit 1.
  • the single battery 2 is an energy storage unit of a battery module, which is used for storing electric energy and providing external electric energy.
  • the number of the single cells 2 is two or more, and the two or more of the single cells 2 may be connected in series or in parallel.
  • the single cells 2 may be arranged in two or more rows side by side. The large surfaces of the two adjacent unit cells 2 are arranged opposite each other, and the two adjacent rows of the unit cells 2 are arranged opposite each other.
  • the module frame includes at least two oppositely disposed end plates 4 and two oppositely disposed side plates 3, and the end plates 4 and the side plates 3 are connected to each other end to end, and are enclosed to accommodate the single body.
  • the accommodation cavity of the battery 2 that is, the position where the single battery 2 is placed).
  • the module frame can play a role of fixing and protecting the unit battery 2 and prevent the unit battery 2 from being displaced or being hit or scratched by an external object.
  • the module frame can be connected by metal sheets such as aluminum alloy or steel sheet.
  • the module may be a rectangular case, and a plurality of the single cells 2 are sequentially arranged along the length direction of the module frame. Wherein, the direction of the large surface of the casing of the single cell 2 is consistent with the length direction of the module frame.
  • the end plate 4 is disposed at an end of the module frame, and an inner surface of the end plate 4 is opposed to a large surface of the unit cell 2 at an end of the module frame.
  • the end plate 4 can limit the position of the unit battery 2 on the one hand, and can absorb the stress of the unit battery 2 when it expands, and prevent the unit battery 2 from expanding and cracking.
  • the end of the module frame refers to an end in the length direction of the module frame.
  • a power input / output interface is provided on the outer surface of the module frame, and the power input / output interface is electrically connected to the single battery 2.
  • the battery management unit 1 is configured to collect information such as voltage and temperature of the single battery 2 and send the collected information to a battery management system.
  • the battery management unit 1 is disposed on one of the end plates 4.
  • the battery management unit 1 is connected to a sampling line 5 of the single battery 2.
  • the sampling line 5 may be connected to the single battery.
  • the poles of 2 are electrically connected to collect the voltage information of the battery core.
  • the sampling line 5 can also be connected to a temperature sensor, which can be in contact with the single battery 2 to collect the temperature of the single battery 2 information.
  • the battery management unit 1 is disposed on the end plate 4, which can effectively utilize the space at the end of the battery module without occupying the space in the height direction of the battery module. , which is conducive to improving the energy density of the battery module.
  • the battery management unit 1 is built in the battery module (relative to the battery management unit outside the battery module), which facilitates the connection and wiring of the battery management unit 1 and the single battery 2.
  • the sampling line 5 of the single cell 2 is a flexible circuit board.
  • the flexible circuit board is also called FPC, which has the advantages of thin thickness and bendability, so it basically does not take up space on the top of the battery module, which is beneficial to ensure the energy density of the battery module.
  • the flexible circuit board can also be bent. Easy to sample line wiring.
  • FIG. 2 it is a schematic structural diagram of the end plate.
  • First sides of the end plate 4 are respectively provided with first limiting portions 42, and the first limiting portions 42 are used to restrict the positions of the two sides of the battery management unit 1 and prevent the battery management unit 1 from moving to both sides Bit.
  • the first limiting portion 42 protrudes toward the outer surface of the end plate 4, so that a limiting groove is formed between the two first limiting portions 42.
  • the battery management The unit 1 is disposed in a limiting groove formed by the two first limiting portions 42, and one side in the left-right direction of the battery management unit 1 is in contact with the first limiting portion 42 on the corresponding side, and the other side It is in contact with another first limiting portion 42 on the end plate 4. Therefore, the left and right displacement of the battery management unit 1 can be restricted by the two first limiting portions 42. Especially when the battery module is applied to a new energy vehicle, the battery management unit 1 can be effectively prevented from being displaced. .
  • the bottom of the battery management unit 1 can be offset against the bottom plate of the battery box, so that the battery management is restricted by the bottom plate of the battery box Unit 1 is shifted down.
  • a second limiting portion protruding outwardly may be provided on the bottom of the end plate 4 so that the lower edge of the battery management unit 1 and the upper portion of the second limiting portion The surfaces are offset, thereby limiting downward displacement of the battery management unit 1.
  • the first limiting portions 42 on both sides of the end plate 4 are respectively provided with fixing holes 43, and the fixing holes 43 are used to fix the module in the battery box.
  • the fixing hole 43 extends downward from the top of the first limiting portion 42 and penetrates the bottom of the first limiting portion 42.
  • the fixing holes 43 are provided on the first limiting portions 42 on both sides, and the two sides of the end plate 4 can be fixed, so that the middle portion of the end plate 4 has a larger deformation range and can absorb more monomers. Expansion stress of the battery 2.
  • the battery management unit 1 includes a battery cell management circuit board 11 and a circuit box.
  • the circuit box includes a front cover 13 and a rear cover 12.
  • the front cover 13 and the rear cover 12 cooperate to form a battery cell.
  • the battery cell management circuit board 11 is disposed in a circuit box composed of the front cover 13 and the rear cover 12, and the circuit box can be fixed to the outer surface of the end plate 4 by bolts 6 (but not limited to bolts 6). .
  • the cell management circuit board 11 is arranged in the circuit box.
  • the circuit box can protect the cell management circuit board 11 and prevent the force of the end plate 4 from being directly applied to the cell management circuit board. 11 on.
  • the connector assembly 14 includes a connection harness 141, a first connector 143, and a second connector 142, wherein the first connector 143 is disposed at one end of the connection harness 141 and the second connector 142 is disposed at the other end of the connection harness 141.
  • the first connector 143 is used to be electrically connected to the sampling line 5.
  • the first connector assembly 143 includes a plug (or a socket) fixed at the end of the connection harness 141 and fixed to the sampling line.
  • the socket at the 5 end is adapted to the socket (or the socket is adapted to the socket).
  • the second connector 142 is configured to be electrically connected to the battery cell management circuit board 11.
  • the second connector 142 includes a connector (or a socket) fixed to the other end of the connection harness 141 and fixed to the connector.
  • the battery core management circuit board 11 is connected to a socket (or a socket adapted to the socket) adapted to the socket. Connecting the battery management unit 1 and the sampling line 5 through the plug assembly 14 can not only provide a stable and reliable connection, ensure the reliability of information collection, but also facilitate the installation and routine maintenance of the battery management unit 1.
  • plugging components are provided at both ends of the connection harness 141, so that the connection harness 141 and the sampling line 5 and the battery management unit 1 are all removable.
  • the plug-in component 14 may only be provided with a pair of connectors, that is, one end of the connection harness 141 is provided with a plug-in component, and the other end of the connection harness 141 is directly connected to the battery management unit 1 or The sampling line 5 is electrically connected.
  • a first hollow groove 41 is defined in the end plate 4.
  • the first hollow groove 41 is used to avoid the connection harness 141 and the first connector 143.
  • the sampling line 5 is located at the top of the unit cell 2, and the end of the sampling line 5 extends to the inner side of the end plate 4.
  • the end plate 4 is provided with the first hollow groove 41, and the connection wire harness 141 and the first connector 143 at the end thereof pass through the first hollow groove 41 and are connected to the sampling line 5 so that The first connector 143 is located in the first hollow groove 41.
  • the volume in the module length direction further improves the space utilization ratio of the battery module, and is more conducive to increasing the energy density of the battery module.
  • the first hollow groove 41 is located on the top of the end plate 4, and the battery management unit 1 is provided with a second hollow groove 15, and the second hollow groove 15 and the The first hollow groove 41 is disposed opposite to each other in front and back, and the second connector 142 is disposed on an outer surface of the battery management unit 1.
  • the battery management unit 1 includes a cell management circuit board 11, a front cover 13, and a rear cover 12, and the second hollow groove 15 is formed by a hollow on the top of the front cover 13.
  • the groove 131, the hollow groove 111 on the top of the battery cell management circuit board 11, and the hollow groove 121 on the top of the back cover 12 are stacked.
  • the second connector 142 is connected to the outer surface of the battery cell management circuit board 11, and the connection between the second connector 142 and the battery cell management circuit board 11 is located in the second hollow groove 15.
  • a connector opening 132 is provided on a surface of the front cover, and a connector provided at an end of the connection harness 141 is connected to a connector provided on the battery cell management circuit board 11 through the connector opening 132.
  • the other end of the connection harness 141 and the first connector 143 pass through the hollowed-out groove, the second hollowed-out groove 15 (ie, the hollowed-out grooves 131, 111, and 121) and the first hollowed-out groove 41. Connected to the sampling line 5.
  • the second connector 142 is disposed on the outer surface of the battery management unit 1 to facilitate the operation of the second connector 142, and the second hollow groove 15 is provided to facilitate the wiring of the connection harness 141.
  • the battery management unit 1 and the battery management system may also be connected by using a plug-in component.
  • an output socket 144 is also provided at the upper right corner of the battery cell management circuit board 11 (Of course, in other embodiments, the output socket 144 may be disposed on the battery cell management circuit board 11. Other positions), and a connector opening 133 is provided at a corresponding position of the front cover 13, the output socket 144 is exposed outside the front cover 13 through the connector opening 133, and the battery management system can pass The output socket 144 and the battery cell management circuit board 11 obtain the sampling information of the single battery 2.
  • the circuit box (composed of the front cover 13 and the rear cover 12) is provided with a third protruding outward.
  • a limiting portion 134, the third limiting portion 134 is specifically disposed at the middle and lower part of the outer surface of the front cover 13, and its specific position can be determined according to the length of the connecting harness 141, so that the third limiting position
  • the portion 134 is located just below the lowest point of the connection wire harness, and the outer wall of the lowest point of the connection wire harness 141 abuts the third limiting portion.
  • the third limit portion 134 can support a part of the weight of the connection harness 141, and when the battery module shakes up and down, the third limit portion 134 can limit the downward movement of the connection harness 141, so that Effectively prevent the connection harness 141 from loosening or falling off, and improve the reliability of its connection.
  • a fixing hole 134a may also be provided in the third limiting portion 134, and a minimum of the connection harness 141 may be passed through the fixing hole 134a through a fixing band 145. Is fixed on the third limiting portion 134.
  • the fixing band may be a nylon cable tie with inverted teeth.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a battery box, and the battery box includes a battery module provided by any embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery box further includes a battery management system, and the battery management system is connected to the battery management unit 1.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a car, including a battery module provided by any embodiment of the present application.
  • the automobile further includes a battery management system, and the battery management system is connected to the battery management unit 1.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a method for manufacturing a battery module, including:
  • the end plates are arranged at the ends of the single cells arranged side by side;
  • the end plate is disposed at the end of the single cells arranged side by side includes:
  • the inner surface of the end plate is opposed to the large surface of the single cell.
  • the above manufacturing method further includes:
  • the side plate is connected to the end plate, and the side plate and the end plate are connected to form a module frame.
  • the above manufacturing method further includes:
  • the above manufacturing method further includes:

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

一种电池模组、电池包及汽车，电池模组包括：两个以上的单体电池（2）；模组框架，包括端板（4）和侧板（3），所述端板（4）和所述侧板（3）围成用于固定所述单体电池（2）的模组框架；电池管理单元（1），设置于所述端板（4）上，与所述单体电池（2）的采样线（5）连接。区别于现有技术，上述技术方案所述电池模组将所述电池管理单元（1）内置于模组框架的端板（4）上，一方面电池管理单元（1）内置便于单体电池采样线（5）布线，另一方面电池管理单元（1）置于端板（4）上可有效利用模组框架的端部空间，不增加电池模组的高度，可有效保证电池模组的能量密度，从而同时兼顾单体电池采样线（5）布线难度与电池模组的能量密度。

Description

一种电池模组、电池箱及汽车
本申请要求于2018年09月30日提交中国专利局、申请号为201821619716.X、发明名称为“一种电池模组”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，特别是涉及一种电池模组中电芯管理电路板的结构。
背景技术
电池模组内通常并排设置有多个串联或并联的单体电池，为了监测各所述单体电池的电压及温度等参数，需要为所述单体电池设置采样线，以及与所述采样线连接的电池管理单元，所述电池管理单元的英文缩写为CMU(即Cell Management Unit的缩写，又称为从板)。
在现有技术中，所述电池管理单元具有两种设置方案，一种为设置于电池模组外部，另一种为内置于电池模组的顶部。这两种方案都存在设计不足，其中，将电池管理单元置于所述电池模组外部，则会导致电池模组内部采样线的长度和数量均增加，从而增大布线复杂性。而将所述电池管理单元内置于电池模组顶部，则会增加模组的高度，从而降低电池模组的能量密度。
申请内容
本申请的目的在于提供一种新的电池模组、电池箱及汽车，用于解决现有电池模组中单体电池采样线布线难度与电池模组的能量密度无法兼顾的技术问题。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种电池模组，包括：
两个以上的单体电池；
模组框架，包括端板和侧板，所述端板和所述侧板围成用于固定所述单体电池的模组框架；
电池管理单元，设置于所述端板上，与所述单体电池的采样线连接。
进一步的，所述端板的两侧分别设置第一限位部，所述第一限位部向所述端板的外表面凸出；
所述电池管理单元的两侧分别与对应侧的所述第一限位部相抵。
进一步的，所述端板的底部设置有第二限位部，所述第二限位部向所述端板的外表面凸出；
所述电池管理单元的下边缘与所述第二限位部的上表面相抵。
进一步的，所述电池管理单元与所述单体电池的采样线通过接插组件连接；
所述电池管理单元固定于所述端板的外表面，所述端板上开设有避让所述接插组件的第一镂空凹槽。
进一步的，所述第一镂空凹槽位于所述端板的顶部；
所述接插组件包括连接线束、第一接插件和第二接插件，所述第一接插件和第二接插件设置于所述连接线束的两端；
所述第一接插件与所述单体电池的采样线连接；所述第二接插件与所述电池管理单元连接。
进一步的，所述电池管理单元开设有第二镂空凹槽，所述第二镂空凹槽与所述第一镂空凹槽相对设置，所述第二接插件设置于所述电池管理单元的外表面。
进一步的，所述电池管理单元包括电芯管理电路板和电路盒，所述电路盒固定于所述端板的外表面；所述电芯管理电路板设置于所述电路盒内。
进一步的，所述电路盒设置有第三限位部，所述第三限位部向电路盒的外表面凸出；
所述第三限位部位于所述连接线束下方，并且与所述连接线束的外壁相抵。
进一步的，所述第三限位部设置有固定孔，所述连接线束通过固定带与所述第三限位部的所述固定孔连接。
进一步的，所述单体电池的采样线为柔性电路板。
进一步的，所述端板的内表面与位于所述模组框架端部的所述单体电池大面相对。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供了一种电池箱，所述电池箱包括上述任一项所述的电池模组。
进一步的，所述电池箱还包括电池管理系统，所述电池管理系统与所述电池管理单元连接。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供了一种汽车，包括上述任一项所述的电池模组。
进一步的，所述汽车还包括电池管理系统，所述电池管理系统与所述电池管理单元相连。
第四方面，本申请实施例提供了一种电池模组的制造方法，包括：
将两个以上的单体电池并排设置；
将端板设置于并排设置的单体电池的端部；
将电池管理单元与所述采样线连接。
进一步的，所述将端板设置于并排设置的单体电池的端部包括：
使所述端板的内表面与所述单体电池的大面相对。
进一步的，所述制造方法还包括：
将侧板连接于所述端板，使所述侧板和所述端板首尾连接，形成模组框架。
进一步的，所述制造方法还包括：
将采样线连接于所述单体电池。
进一步的，所述制造方法还包括：
将电池管理单元与采样线连接。
本申请提供的技术方案可以达到以下有益效果：
区别于现有技术，上述技术方案所述电池模组将所述电池管理单元设置于模组框架的端板上，一方面便于单体电池采样线布线，另一方面电池管理单元置于端板上可有效利用模组框架的端部空间，不增加电池模组的高度，可有效保证电池模组的能量密度，从而同时兼顾单体电池采样线布线难度与电池模组的能量密度。
应当理解的是，以上的一般描述和后文的细节描述仅是示例性的，并不能限制本申请。
附图说明
图1为具体实施方式所述电池模组的结构示意图；
图2为具体实施方式所述端板的结构示意图；
图3为具体实施方式所述电池模组一端的爆炸视图；
图4为具体实施方式所述电池管理单元的爆炸视图。
附图标记：
1、电池管理单元；
11、电芯管理电路板；
111、镂空凹槽；
12、后盖；
121、镂空凹槽；
13、前盖；
131、镂空凹槽；
132、接插件开口；
133、接插件开口；
134、第三限位部；
134a、固定孔；
14、接插组件；
141、连接线束；
142、第二接插件；
143、第一接插件；
144、输出接插座；
145、固定带；
15、第二镂空凹槽；
2、单体电池；
3、侧板；
4、端板；
41、第一镂空凹槽；
411、第一镂空凹槽侧部；
42、第一限位部；
43、固定孔
5、采样线；
6、螺栓。
此处的附图被并入说明书中并构成本说明书的一部分，示出了符合本申请的实施例，并与说明书一起用于解释本申请的原理。
具体实施方式
为详细说明技术方案的技术内容、构造特征、所实现目的及效果，以下结合具体实施例并配合附图详予说明。
请参阅图1至图4，本实施例提供了一种电池模组。如图1所示，所述电池模组包括有：模组框架、两个以上的单体电池2以及电池管理单元1。
其中，所述单体电池2是电池模组的储能单元，用于存储电能并对外提供电能。所述单体电池2为两个以上，两个以上的所述单体电池2可采用串联或并联等方式连接，并且，所述单体电池2可两列以上并排设置，每列单体电池中相邻两个单体电池2的壳体大面相对设置，相邻两列单体电池2的壳体相对设置。
所述模组框架至少包括两个相对设置的端板4以及两个相对设置的侧板3，所述端板4与所述侧板3首尾相互连接，围成用于容置所述单体电池2的容置腔(即所述单体电池2放置的位置)。所述模组框架可以起到固定和保护所述单体电池2的作用，防止单体电池2移位或被外部物体撞击或划破。所述模组框架可以由铝合金或钢片等金属片材连接而成。
所述模组可以为长方形壳体，多个所述单体电池2沿模组框架的长度方向依次排列。其中，所述单体电池2壳体的大面方向与所述模组框架的长度方向一致。所述端板4设置于所述模组框架的端部，并且端板4的内表面与位于模组框架端部的所述单体电池2的大面相对。所述端板4一方面可限位所述单体电池2的位置，另一方面可吸收单体电池2膨胀时的应力，防止单体电池2膨胀破裂。其中，所述模组框架的端部是指模组框架长度方向的一端。在模组框架的外表面设置有电源输入输出接口，电源输入输出接口与所述单体电池2电连接。
所述电池管理单元1用于采集所述单体电池2的电压、温度等信息，并将采集的信息发送给电池管理系统。其中，所述电池管理单元1设置于其中一所述端板4上，所述电池管理单元1与所述单体电池2的采样线5连接，所述采样线5可以与所述单体电池2的极柱电连接，从而采集电芯的电压信息，所述采样线5还可连接有温度传感器，所述温度传感器可以与所述单体电池2相接触，从而采集单体电池2的温度信息。
如图1所示，在本实施方式中，将所述电池管理单元1设置于所述端板4上，可有效利用电池模组端部的空间，无需占用所述电池模组高度方 向的空间，从而有利于提高电池模组的能量密度。并且，将所述电池管理单元1内置于电池模组内(相对于电池管理单元外置于电池模组外部)，更方便电池管理单元1与单体电池2的连接布线。
优选的，所述单体电池2的采样线5为柔性电路板。所述柔性电路板又称为FPC，具有厚度薄、可弯折等优点，因此基本不会占用电池模组顶部的空间，有利保障电池模组的能量密度，同时，柔性电路板可弯折也便于采样线布线。
如图2所示，为所述端板的结构示意图。所述端板4的两侧分别设置有第一限位部42，所述第一限位部42用于限制所述电池管理单元1两侧的位置，防止电池管理单元1向两侧方向移位。其中，所述第一限位部42向端板4的外表面凸出，从而使两个所述第一限位部42之间形成一个限位槽，如图1所示，所述电池管理单元1设置于两个所述第一限位部42所形成的限位槽内，并且电池管理单元1左右方向上的一侧与对应侧的所述第一限位部42相抵，另一侧与所述端板4上另一所述第一限位部42相抵。因此通过两个所述第一限位部42即可限制所述电池管理单元1左右移位，特别是当所述电池模组应用于新能源汽车上时，能有效避免电池管理单元1移位。
为了进一步防止所述电池管理单元1有竖直方向上的移位，在一实施方式中，可以将所述电池管理单元1的底部与电池箱的底板相抵，从而通过电池箱的底板限制电池管理单元1向下移位。或者在另一些实施方式中，可以在所述端板4的底部设置向外表面凸出的第二限位部，使所述电池管理单元1的下边缘与所述第二限位部的上表面相抵，从而限制电池管理单元1向下移位。
如图2所示，在所述端板4两侧的第一限位部42上还分别设置有固定孔43，所述固定孔43用于将所述模组固定于电池箱中。所述固定孔43由所述第一限位部42的顶部向下延伸并贯穿第一限位部42的底部，在固 定模组框架时，通过长螺栓穿过所述固定孔43并通过螺母与电池箱的底部相固定。
将所述固定孔43设置于两侧的所述第一限位部42上，可固定端板4的两侧，使端板4的中部具有较大的形变范围，能够更多的吸收单体电池2的膨胀应力。
如图3所示，为一实施方式中所述电池模组一端的爆炸视图。其中，所述电池管理单元1包括有电芯管理电路板11和电路盒，所述电路盒包括前盖13和后盖12，所述前盖13和后盖12配合形成容置所述电芯管理电路板11的空腔。所述电芯管理电路板11设置于所述前盖13和后盖12所组成的电路盒内，所述电路盒可通过螺栓6(但不仅限于螺栓6)固定于所述端板4外表面。将所述电芯管理电路板11设置于所述电路盒内，电路盒对所述电芯管理电路板11可起到防护作用，可防止端板4的作用力直接施加于电芯管理电路板11上。
如图4所示，为所述电池管理单元1的爆炸视图。所述电池管理单元1与所述单体电池2的采样线5通过接插组件14连接，通过所述接插组件14将采样线5所采集的信息传输给所述电池管理单元1。其中，所述接插组件14包括连接线束141、第一接插件143和第二接插件142，其中，所述第一接插件143设置于所述连接线束141的一端，所述第二接插件142设置于所述连接线束141的另一端。所述第一接插件143用于与所述采样线5电连接，所述第一接组件143包括固定在所述连接线束141末端的接插头(或接插槽)以及固定于所述采样线5末端的与所述接插头相适配的接插槽(或与所述接插槽相适配的接插头)。所述第二接插件142用于与所述电芯管理电路板11电连接，第二接插件142包括固定在所述连接线束141另一端的接插头(或接插槽)以及固定于所述电芯管理电路板11上的与所述接插头相适配的接插槽(或与所述接插槽相适配的接插头)。通过所述接插组件14连接所述电池管理单元1与所述采样线5，不仅可提 供稳定可靠的连接，保证信息采集的可靠性，同时便于电池管理单元1的安装以及日常维护。
在上述图3和图4的实施方式中，在所述连接线束141的两端均设置了接插组件，因此使所述连接线束141与所述采样线5以及电池管理单元1均是可拔插连接的。而在一些实施方式中，所述接插组件14可只设置一对接插件，即所述连接线束141的一端设置有接插组件，而连接线束141的另一端直接与所述电池管理单元1或所述采样线5电连接。
如图2所示，在具体实施方式中，在所述端板4上开设有第一镂空凹槽41。其中，如图1和图3所示，所述第一镂空凹槽41用于避让所述连接线束141和所述第一接插件143。由图1可见，所述采样线5位于所述单体电池2的顶部，并且采样线5的末端延伸至所述端板4的内侧面。在所述端板4上设有所述第一镂空凹槽41，所述连接线束141以及其末端的第一接插件143穿过所述第一镂空凹槽41与采样线5连接，从而使所述第一接插件143正好位于所述第一镂空凹槽41内。由于第一接插件143具有一定的体积，在所述端板4上开设所述第一镂空凹槽41并使所述第一接插件143位于所述第一镂空凹槽41，可减小电池模组长度方向的体积，从而进一步提高电池模组的空间利用率，更有利于提高电池模组的能量密度。
如图1所示，所述第一镂空凹槽41位于所述端板4的顶部，并且所述电池管理单元1开设有第二镂空凹槽15，所述第二镂空凹槽15与所述第一镂空凹槽41前后相对设置，所述第二接插件142设置于所述电池管理单元1的外表面。具体的，如图4所示，所述电池管理单元1包括了电芯管理电路板11、前盖13以及后盖12，所述第二镂空凹槽15由所述前盖13顶部的镂空凹槽131、所述电芯管理电路板11的顶部的镂空凹槽111、以及所述后盖12顶部的镂空凹槽121层叠形成。
所述第二接插件142连接于所述电芯管理电路板11的外表面，并且 所述第二接插件142与所述电芯管理电路板11的连接处位于所述第二镂空凹槽15的侧边。在所述前盖的表面设置有接插件开口132，设置于所述连接线束141末端的接插头通过所述接插件开口132与设置于所述电芯管理电路板11上的接插头相连接。而连接线束141的另一端以及所述第一接插件143穿过所述镂空凹槽第二镂空凹槽15(即所述镂空凹槽131、111和121)以及所述第一镂空凹槽41与所述采样线5连接。其中，将所述第二接插件142设置于电池管理单元1的外表面便于第二接插件142操作，而设置所述第二镂空凹槽15便于所述连接线束141布线。
其中，所述电池管理单元1与电池管理系统之间也可采用接插组件连接。如图4所示，在所述电芯管理电路板11的右上角还设置了输出接插座144(当然，在其他实施方式中，所述输出接插座144可设置于电芯管理电路板11上的其他位置)，并且在所述前盖13的对应位置设置了接插件开口133，所述输出接插座144通过所述接插件开口133外露于前盖13之外，所述电池管理系统可通过所述输出接插座144与所述电芯管理电路板11，从而获取所述单体电池2的采样信息。
如图1、图3以及图4所示，为了提高所述连接线束141的连接可靠性，在所述电路盒(由前盖13和后盖12组成)设置有向外表面凸出的第三限位部134，所述第三限位部134具体设置于所述前盖13外表面的中下部，其具体的位置可根据所述连接线束141的长度而定，使所述第三限位部134正好位于所述连接线束最低处的下方，并且所述连接线束141的最低处外壁与所述第三限位部相抵。所述第三限位部134可支承所述连接线束141的部分重量，并且当电池模组上下晃动时，所述第三限位部134可限位所述连接线束141向下移动，从而可有效防止连接线束141松动或脱落，提高其连接的可靠性。
为了进一步保证所述连接线束141的连接可靠性，还可以在所述第三限位部134上设置固定孔134a，并且通过固定带145穿过所述固定孔134a 将所述连接线束141的最低处固定于所述第三限位部134上。其中，所述固定带可优选为带倒齿的尼龙扎带。
本申请实施例还提供了一种电池箱，所述电池箱包括本申请任意实施例提供的电池模组。
进一步地，该电池箱还包括电池管理系统，电池管理系统与电池管理单元1连接。
本申请实施例又提供了一种汽车，包括本申请任意实施例提供的电池模组。
进一步地，该汽车还包括电池管理系统，电池管理系统与电池管理单元1相连。
本申请实施例再提供了一种电池模组的制造方法，包括：
将两个以上的单体电池并排设置；
将端板设置于并排设置的单体电池的端部；
将电池管理单元与端板连接。
进一步地，将端板设置于并排设置的单体电池的端部包括：
使端板的内表面与单体电池的大面相对。
进一步地，上述制造方法还包括：
将侧板连接于端板，使侧板和端板收尾连接，形成模组框架。
进一步地，上述制造方法还包括：
将采样线连接于单体电池。
进一步地，上述制造方法还包括：
将电池管理单元与采样线连接。
需要说明的是，在本申请的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“第一”、“第二”、仅用于描述的目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性；除非另有规定或说明，术语“多个”是指两个或两个以上；术语“连接”、“固定”等均应做广义理解，例如，“连接”可以是固定连 接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接，或电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
本说明书的描述中，需要理解的是，本申请实施例所描述的“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”等方位词是以附图所示的角度来进行描述的，不应理解为对本申请实施例的限定。此外，在上下文中，还需要理解的是，当提到一个元件连接在另一个元件“上”或者“下”时，其不仅能够直接连接在另一个元件“上”或者“下”，也可以通过中间元件间接连接在另一个元件“上”或者“下”。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种电池模组，其特征在于，包括：
    两个以上的单体电池；
    模组框架，包括端板和侧板，所述端板和所述侧板围成用于固定所述单体电池的模组框架；
    电池管理单元，设置于所述端板上，与所述单体电池的采样线连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述端板的两侧分别设置第一限位部，所述第一限位部向所述端板的外表面凸出；
    所述电池管理单元的两侧分别与对应侧的所述第一限位部相抵。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述端板的底部设置有第二限位部，所述第二限位部向所述端板的外表面凸出；
    所述电池管理单元的下边缘与所述第二限位部的上表面相抵。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述电池管理单元与所述单体电池的采样线通过接插组件连接；
    所述电池管理单元固定于所述端板的外表面，所述端板上开设有避让所述接插组件的第一镂空凹槽。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述第一镂空凹槽位于所述端板的顶部；
    所述接插组件包括连接线束、第一接插件和第二接插件，所述第一接插件和第二接插件设置于所述连接线束的两端；
    所述第一接插件与所述单体电池的采样线连接；所述第二接插件与所述电池管理单元连接。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述电池管理单元开设有第二镂空凹槽，所述第二镂空凹槽与所述第一镂空凹槽相对设置，所述第二接插件设置于所述电池管理单元的外表面。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述电池管理单 元包括电芯管理电路板和电路盒，所述电路盒固定于所述端板的外表面；所述电芯管理电路板设置于所述电路盒内。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述电路盒设置有第三限位部，所述第三限位部向电路盒的外表面凸出；
    所述第三限位部位于所述连接线束下方，并且与所述连接线束的外壁相抵。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述第三限位部设置有固定孔，所述连接线束通过固定带与所述第三限位部的所述固定孔连接。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述单体电池的采样线为柔性电路板。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述端板的内表面与位于所述模组框架端部的所述单体电池大面相对。
  12. 一种电池箱，其特征在于，所述电池箱包括权利要求1-11任一项所述的电池模组。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的电池箱，其特征在于，所述电池箱还包括电池管理系统，所述电池管理系统与所述电池管理单元连接。
  14. 一种汽车，其特征在于，包括权利要求1-11任一项所述的电池模组。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的汽车，所述汽车还包括电池管理系统，所述电池管理系统与所述电池管理单元相连。
  16. 一种电池模组的制造方法，其特征在于，包括：
    将两个以上的单体电池并排设置；
    将端板设置于并排设置的单体电池的端部；
    将电池管理单元与所述端板连接。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的制造方法，其特征在于，所述将端板设 置于并排设置的单体电池的端部包括：
    使所述端板的内表面与所述单体电池的大面相对。
  18. 根据权利要求16所述的制造方法，其特征在于，所述制造方法还包括：
    将侧板连接于所述端板，使所述侧板和所述端板首尾连接，形成模组框架。
  19. 根据权利要求16所述的制造方法，其特征在于，所述制造方法还包括：
    将采样线连接于所述单体电池。
  20. 根据权利要求16所述的制造方法，其特征在于，所述制造方法还包括：
    将电池管理单元与采样线连接。
PCT/CN2019/108131 2018-09-30 2019-09-26 一种电池模组、电池箱及汽车 WO2020063738A1 (zh)

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