WO2020063098A1

WO2020063098A1 - Electromachining machine tool, electrode assembly in electromachining machine tool, and machining method

Info

Publication number: WO2020063098A1
Application number: PCT/CN2019/098539
Authority: WO
Inventors: 贾金光; 李处来; 王钦峰; 王文广; 王德友; 徐森; 闫方清; 李凤; 王明智
Original assignee: 山东豪迈机械科技股份有限公司
Priority date: 2018-09-29
Filing date: 2019-07-31
Publication date: 2020-04-02
Also published as: CN109108407A; TW202012082A

Abstract

An electromachining machine tool, an electrode assembly in an electromachining machine tool, and a machining method. The electrode assembly (101) of the electromachining machine tool (100) comprises a C-axis mechanism (1) and a B-axis mechanism (3). The B-axis mechanism (3) is connected to the C-axis mechanism (1). The C-axis mechanism (1) comprises a driving device, and the driving device drives the C-axis mechanism (1) to operate so that the B-axis mechanism (3) rotates around the axis of rotation of the C-axis mechanism (1). The B-axis mechanism (3) comprises: a rotating mechanism (3.13) that may be immersed in an electric discharge machining fluid, wherein the rotating mechanism (3.13) may rotate around the axis of rotation thereof and connect to the C-axis mechanism (1) so that the movement of the C-axis mechanism (1) may be transmitted to the rotating mechanism (3.13); and a machining electrode (3.14) mounted on the rotating mechanism (3.13). Also provided are an electromachining machine tool that uses the electrode assembly and a machining method for the electromachining machine tool. The foregoing electromachining machine tool has a simple structure, high machining accuracy and high machining efficiency.

Description

Electroprocessing machine tool and electrode assembly in the same, and processing method

Technical field

The present application relates to the field of electric processing machinery, and is particularly applicable to the field of processing technology with three-dimensional curved workpieces, and in particular, relates to an electrode assembly in an electric processing machine tool and an electric processing machine tool, and a processing method.

Background technique

When the three-dimensional curved surface of the workpiece is machined, the existing machine tool often requires a working turntable to drive the workpiece to participate in the linkage. When the workpiece is heavier, the speed of the linkage is relatively low, resulting in low overall machining efficiency of the machine tool.

Especially for the electrical machining of large annular workpieces such as gas turbine nozzles (the workpiece has a three-dimensional profiled surface, and traditional machining has workpieces with blind spots), such as disc-shaped workpieces with blades, due to the very complicated structure and poor process accessibility, Coupled with the use of high-temperature alloys and other difficult materials, traditional cutting is difficult to achieve high-precision machining. However, the existing machine tools often require the workbench to participate in the linkage, which has the problem of low processing efficiency. Therefore, the technical problem existing in the prior art is that the machining accuracy is low for large and complex workpieces.

Summary of the Invention

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems in the prior art, according to an aspect of the present invention, an electrode assembly for an electro-processing machine tool is provided, including:

C-axis mechanism; and

A B-axis mechanism connected to the C-axis mechanism;

The C-axis mechanism includes:

A driving device that drives the C-axis mechanism to operate so that the B-axis mechanism rotates around a rotation axis of the C-axis mechanism;

The B-axis mechanism includes:

A rotating mechanism capable of being immersed in an electric discharge machining fluid, the rotating mechanism being capable of rotating around its rotation axis and connected to the C-axis mechanism so that the motion of the C-axis mechanism can be transmitted to the rotating mechanism; and

A processing electrode mounted on the rotating mechanism.

Preferably, on the basis of the above technical solution, the C-axis mechanism further includes: a connecting frame; and a rotary mandrel that is rotatably installed in the connecting frame and includes an input end, an output end, and the rotation axis. . Wherein, the driving device is connected to the input end of the rotary mandrel for driving the rotary mandrel to rotate around the rotation axis; and the rotation mechanism is connected to the output end of the rotary mandrel.

Preferably, on the basis of the above technical solution, a detection device for detecting an angular position of the rotary mandrel is further included, so that the driving device drives the rotary according to the detected angular position data of the rotary mandrel. A mandrel; preferably, the detection device includes an angle encoder and a fastening mechanism for fixing the angle encoder to the connecting frame; preferably, the fastening mechanism includes an angle encoder fixing plate and an angle encoder lock A nut, the angle encoder fixing plate is fastened on the outer ring of the angle encoder, and the inner ring of the angle encoder is axially locked by the angle encoder lock nut.

Preferably, on the basis of the above technical solution, the rotating mandrel and the rotating mechanism are arranged such that the rotating axis of the rotating mandrel is perpendicular to and / or passes through the rotating axis of the rotating mechanism; And / or, the driving device includes a driving mechanism, and an output end of the driving mechanism is drivingly connected to the input end of the rotary mandrel.

Preferably, on the basis of the above technical solution, a spacer mechanism is further included, and the spacer mechanism is fixedly disposed between the C-axis mechanism and the rotation mechanism, so that the C-axis mechanism and the rotation mechanism There is a gap between them.

Preferably, on the basis of the above technical solution, the driving device further includes a motor fixing base and a coupling, wherein the motor fixing base is fixed to the connecting frame and the driving mechanism is fixed therein. The coupling connects the output end of the driving mechanism to the input end of the rotary mandrel.

Preferably, on the basis of the above technical solution, the spacing mechanism includes a hollow connection sleeve that allows a gap between the rotary mandrel and the rotation mechanism. Preferably, the spacing mechanism further includes a skeleton oil seal, and the skeleton oil seal is disposed outside the bottom of the connection frame to prevent the electric discharge machining fluid from entering the connection frame.

Preferably, on the basis of the above technical solution, it further comprises a turntable bearing installed in the connecting frame, so that the output end of the rotary mandrel is rotatably supported in the turntable bearing. Preferably, the rotating mandrel is capable of rotating at least ± 60 °. Further preferably, the rotation angle of the rotation mandrel is less than ± 180 °.

Preferably, on the basis of the above technical solution, the rotating mechanism adopts an existing work turntable for installing and rotating a workpiece of an electric processing machine. Preferably, the rotating mechanism can prevent EDM fluid from entering therein.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electric processing machine using the electrode assembly in the above technical solution, the electric processing machine including the electrode assembly, a bed, and at least one headboard seated on the bed. Each of the bed heads includes an X-axis body, a Y-axis body, and a Z-axis body. The X-axis body, the Y-axis body, and the Z-axis body are respectively provided with a driving device, a guide rail, and a ram. The X-axis body, the Y-axis body, and the Z-axis body are connected to each other, so that the X-axis body can reciprocate in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis body can reciprocate in the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis body can Reciprocate in the Z-axis direction. The connection frame of the electrode assembly is fixedly connected to the Z-axis body, so that the connection frame can move together with the Z-axis body.

Preferably, on the basis of the above technical solution, the C-axis mechanism, the B-axis mechanism, the Y-axis body, and the Z-axis body are arranged such that a rotation axis of the C-axis mechanism and the Z axis The Z-axis direction of the shaft body is parallel, and the rotation axis of the B-axis mechanism can be parallel to the Y-axis direction of the Y-axis body.

Preferably, on the basis of the above technical solution, a worktable for placing a workpiece is further included, the worktable having a workpiece rotating part capable of rotating about a rotation axis of the worktable, and the workpiece rotating part is used for fixing the workpiece On it, the workpiece is rotated about the axis of rotation. Preferably, the workbench is arranged to be placed horizontally or vertically.

Preferably, on the basis of the above technical solution, the at least one headboard includes two or four headboards arranged around the table; and / or the processing electrode includes a plurality of electrodes. Preferably, any two of the plurality of electrodes extend in two directions opposite to each other on a vertical plane perpendicular to the rotation axis of the rotating mechanism, or are perpendicular to each other, or the directions of extension are staggered by a certain amount. angle.

Preferably, on the basis of the above technical solution, the bed head has a movable beam gantry structure, the Y-axis body is supported on the bed body in a double support form, and the X-axis body is supported on the Y-axis On the main body, the Z-axis main body is supported on the X-axis main body, and the Z-axis main body and the connecting frame are integrated; or, the bed head has a bull head structure, and the X-axis main body is supported on the On the bed, the Y-axis body is supported on the X-axis body, and the Z-axis body is supported on the Y-axis body.

Preferably, on the basis of the above technical solution, the rotation mechanism includes an electrode holder to which the processing electrode is mounted. Preferably, the electrode clamp includes a 3R clamp or an electrode connection plate, and the processed electrode is fixed to the electrode connection plate by an electrode lock nut.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a processing method for an electric processing machine tool according to the technical solution described above, including the following processing steps:

C-axis mechanism zero point calibration: The worktable is mounted with a workpiece, and the C-axis mechanism is rotated to make the rotation axis of the B-axis mechanism parallel to the Y-axis direction of the Y-axis body. This state is used as the zero point of the C-axis mechanism;

X-axis main body zero point calibration: The X-axis main body is moved so that the rotation axis of the B-axis mechanism passes through the rotation axis of the table, and this state is used as the zero point of the X-axis main body;

Y-axis main body zero point calibration: The zero point of the Y-axis main body uses the machine tool coordinate system or sets the axis of the rotary axis of the table in the Y-axis direction to zero;

Preferably, the processing steps of the processing method further include:

B-axis mechanism zero point calibration: Make the positioning table of the B-axis mechanism fixture parallel or vertical to the X-axis body, and use this state as the zero point of the B-axis mechanism;

Z axis body zero point calibration: The zero point of the Z axis body is determined according to the position of the upper surface of the workpiece;

Workbench zero point calibration: For workpieces of rotating parts, after the workpiece is clamped, the zero position is calibrated according to the position of the reference plane or reference line when the workpiece is processed;

After determining the zero point of the workpiece, based on this, control the machine tool to process the workpiece;

According to the size requirements of the workpiece, determine the angle that the workbench needs to rotate after processing one of the multiple processing locations of the workpiece; preferably, it further includes the steps:

The worktable is rotated and positioned with the workpiece, and the X, Y, and Z axis bodies and the B and C-axis mechanisms are linked to perform the screw-in processing of the electrode. After the first processing part is processed, the electrode is rotated out, and the angle required for the table-turning The X-, Y-, and Z-axis bodies and the B and C-axis mechanisms are once again linked to perform the screw-in processing of the electrodes.

The advantages brought by these technical solutions will be listed in the following description according to the embodiments.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a workpiece that can be typically applied using an electromachining machine tool according to the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a disc-shaped workpiece with blades;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of an electromachining machine tool part according to the present invention, which includes an electrode assembly according to the present invention; FIG.

3A-C show a schematic view of an electrode assembly according to the present invention, wherein FIG. 3A is a cross-sectional view of an assembled electrode assembly, FIG. 3B is an exploded cross-sectional view of parts of the electrode assembly, and FIG. 3C is an assembled part of the electrode assembly Stereogram

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of an electromachining machine tool part according to the present invention, which includes an electrode assembly according to the present invention; FIG.

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of an electromachining machine tool part according to the present invention, which includes an electrode assembly according to the present invention; FIG.

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth embodiment of an electromachining machine tool part according to the present invention, which includes an electrode assembly according to the present invention; FIG.

FIG. 7 shows an embodiment of a machining electrode in an electrode assembly of an electromachining machine tool part according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 shows details of the positioning table in the B mechanism of the electrode assembly shown in FIG. 5.

List of reference numerals in the drawings in the technical solutions and embodiments:

100-Machine tools, including:

101-electrode assembly, including:

1-C axis mechanism, including:

-Drive units, including:

1.1-driving mechanism;

1.2-Couplings;

1.3－Motor fixing base;

-Detection devices, including:

1.4-Angle encoder;

1.5-Angle encoder fixing plate;

1.6-Angle encoder lock nut;

1.7-rotary mandrel;

1.8-connecting frame;

1.9－Turntable bearings;

2-spacer mechanism, including

2.10-skeleton oil seal;

2.11-connecting disk;

2.12-connecting rod (connecting sleeve);

3-B axis mechanism, including:

3.13-Rotating mechanism;

3.14-processed electrodes;

3.15-electrode connection board;

3.16-electrode lock nut;

3.17-3R fixture;

3.18-positioning table

102-Bedside including:

112-X axis body;

122-Y-axis body;

132-Z axis body;

103-bed;

104-Workbench including:

114- Workpiece rotation part;

124- Workpiece connection process board;

134-shield;

144-Workpiece.

detailed description

The present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, so as to more clearly understand the inventive principle and beneficial technical effects of the present invention.

Explanation of terms used in this article:

The X axis follows the forward and backward directions of the electromachining machine (the table is on the left and the bed is on the right) shown in Figures 2, 4 and 5, and the movement direction is shown by the arrow, which is called the X axis direction;

The Y axis is along the left and right directions of the electric machining machine (the table is on the left and the bed is on the right) shown in Figures 2, 4 and 5, and the direction of movement is shown as the arrow, which is called the Y axis direction;

Z axis, along the up and down direction of the electro-machining machine tool (table on the left and bed on the right) shown in Figures 2, 4 and 5;

C axis, parallel to the Z axis, the rotation movement is shown by the arrow;

The B axis is perpendicular to the Z axis, and the rotation movement is shown by the arrow.

D axis, rotary motion is shown by arrow.

As shown in FIG. 1, which shows an example of a workpiece that can be processed using the electric processing machine 100 according to the present invention, FIG. 1 shows a disc-type workpiece with blades.

Fig. 2 shows a preferred embodiment of an electro-processing machine tool 100 according to the present invention. The electric machining machine 100 includes a bed 103, a bed head 102 seated on the bed 103, and an electrode assembly 101 fixed to the bed head 102. The bed head 102 includes an X-axis body 112, a Y-axis body 122, and a Z-axis body 132. The X-axis body 112, the Y-axis body 122, and the Z-axis body 132 are respectively provided with a driving device, a guide rail, and a ram, so that the X-axis body 112 can reciprocate in the X-axis direction, and the Y-axis body 122 can reciprocate in the Y-axis direction. The Z-axis body 132 can reciprocate in the Z-axis direction.

According to the first embodiment of the present invention, the bed 103 and the head 102 are of a moving beam gantry structure, in which the Y-axis body 122 (moving beam portion) is supported on the bed 103 by a double support, and the X-axis body 112 ( The ram portion) is supported on the Y-axis body 122 and the Z-axis body 132 is supported on the X-axis body 112. Accordingly, the Z-axis body 132 reciprocates in the Z-axis direction relative to the X-axis body 112, the X-axis body 112 reciprocates in the X-axis direction relative to the Y-axis body 122, and the Y-axis body 122 reciprocates in the Y-axis direction relative to the bed 103. The electrode assembly 101 is fixed to the Z-axis body 132 so that the electrode assembly 101 can move together with the Z-axis body 132.

According to the second embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 4, the bed 103 and the head 102 have a bull head structure, the X-axis body 112 is supported on the bed 103, the Y-axis body 122 is supported on the X-axis body 112, and Z The shaft body 132 is supported on the Y-axis body 122. Accordingly, the Z-axis body 132 reciprocates in the Z-axis direction relative to the Y-axis body 122, the Y-axis body 122 reciprocates in the Y-axis direction relative to the X-axis body 112, and the X-axis body 112 reciprocates in the X-axis direction relative to the bed 103. The electrode assembly 101 is fixed to the Z-axis body 132 so that the electrode assembly 101 can move together with the Z-axis body 132.

An exemplary configuration of the electrode assembly 101 according to the present invention is described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 3A-C. An electrode assembly 101 of an electric processing machine tool 100 includes a C-axis mechanism 1 and a B-axis mechanism 3 and a spacer mechanism 2 provided on the C-axis mechanism 1 and the B-axis mechanism 3.

The C-axis mechanism 1 includes a connecting frame 1.8, a rotary mandrel 1.7, and a driving device for driving the rotary mandrel 1.7 to rotate. The connecting frame 1.8 is fixed to the Z-axis body 132 of the headboard 102. The rotary mandrel 1.7 is rotatably installed in the connecting frame 1.8 and includes an input end, an output end, and a rotation axis. The driving device is connected to the input end of the rotary mandrel 1.7 for driving the rotary mandrel 1.7 to rotate around the rotation axis. The driving device preferably includes a driving mechanism 1.1, and further includes a motor fixing seat 1.3 and a coupling 1.2, and the motor fixing seat 1.3 is fixed to The connecting frame 1.8 fixes the driving mechanism 1.1 therein, and the coupling 1.2 connects the output end of the driving mechanism 1.1 to the input end of the rotary mandrel 1.7. Preferably, the driving mechanism 1.1 is fixed on the connecting frame 1.8 through an independent motor fixing base 1.3. The drive mechanism 1.1 can use a torque motor, preferably a "servo motor + reducer" mechanism. The "servo motor + reducer" mechanism is more rigid than a torque motor. The motor fixing base 1.3 is hollow, and the bottom is provided with an opening. The output end of the driving mechanism 1.1 is fixedly connected to the rotary mandrel 1.7 through the coupling 1.2. Specifically, a boss is provided on the bottom periphery of the rotary mandrel 1.7, and the boss is placed on the turntable bearing 1.9, and the outer ring of the turntable bearing 1.9 is fixed on the connecting frame 1.8. Specifically, there is a ring of screws on the outer ring of the turntable bearing 1.9 The clearance hole can be screwed through the hole to fix the bearing outer ring to the connecting frame 1.8, and the inner ring of the turntable bearing 1.9 is fixed to the boss of the rotary mandrel 1.7. The turntable bearing 1.9 is fixed on the bottom of the connecting frame 1.8.

The C-axis mechanism further includes a detection device that detects the angular position of the rotary mandrel 1.7, so that the driving mechanism 1.1 drives the rotary mandrel 1.7 according to the detected angular position of the rotary mandrel 1.7. Preferably, the detection device includes an angle encoder 1.4 and a fastening mechanism that fixes the angle encoder 1.4 to the connecting frame 1.8. Specifically, the outer ring of the angle encoder 1.4 is fastened to the angle encoder fixing plate 1.5 by bolts, and the inner ring is axially locked by the angle encoder lock nut 1.6. The angle encoder fixing plate 1.5 cooperates with the sinker on the connecting frame 1.8 through the boss on it, and is fastened on the connecting frame 1.8 by bolts. The angle encoder 1.4 transmits the detected angle data of the rotating mandrel 1.7 to the control center of the electric processing machine tool 100, and the control center controls the operation of the driving device, thus realizing full closed-loop control and ensuring processing accuracy.

The B-axis mechanism 3 includes a rotation mechanism 3.13 and a processing electrode 3.14 mounted on the rotation mechanism 3.13. As an example, the rotating mechanism 3.13 uses an existing working turntable for installing and rotating a workpiece that can be immersed in an EDM machining fluid. The rotating mechanism 3.13 can rotate around its axis of rotation and is connected to a rotating spindle 1.7 The output end enables the movement of the rotating mandrel 1.7 to be transmitted to the rotating mechanism 3.13. Specifically, the B-axis mechanism 3 has a driving device (not shown) for driving the B-axis mechanism 3 to rotate, and the B-axis mechanism 3 can rotate 360 ° around its rotation axis. As an embodiment, the internal structure of the rotating mechanism 3.13 may be similar to that of a common turntable: the motor drives the worm to rotate, which is transformed into the rotation of the worm by the worm gear and the worm gear. With work tray. It can be sealed with a skeleton oil seal.

The B-axis mechanism 3 can be immersed in the electric discharge machining fluid of the electric machining machine tool 100. Preferably, the rotary table can be an oil-immersed rotary table, that is, the rotary mechanism 3.13 is a rotary table in the table, and is an oil-immersed rotary table.

An electrode clamp base 17 is provided on the side of the rotating mechanism 3.13 toward the workpiece, for example, a 3R clamp. The processing electrode 3.14 is guided and positioned by the guide structure of the 3R clamp, and the rod of the 3R clamp secures it. The 3R fixture includes 3 parts of structure: (1) 3R fixture base, (2) tie rod, and (3) 3R connecting piece. Among them, the 3R connecting piece is connected to the electrode part, and the 3R fixture base is fixed to the rotary table surface. The tie rod connects the 3R connecting piece with the 3R clamp base. The 3R fixture base is provided with a device for tightening and loosening the pull rod (similar to a loosening knife of a machining center) and a 3R connecting piece guide positioning device. Achieving high-precision positioning and clamping during the tightening process.

The method of fixing the electrode at the end of the rotating mechanism 3.13 may be as follows: solution one, using a 3R clamp 3.17, and guiding and positioning through the guiding structure of the 3R clamp 3.17, and the rod connecting the electrode connection plate 3.15 of the electrode is tightened and fixed. Fix the electrode to the electrode connection plate 3.15 and fix the electrode with the electrode lock nut 3.16. In the second solution, the electrode connecting plate 3.15 is directly mounted on the rotating mechanism 3.13, and the electrode is fixed to the electrode connecting plate 3.15. The electrode lock nut 3.16 is used to fix the electrode. The shape of the electrode is set in accordance with the shape of the processed part of the workpiece.

The interval mechanism 2 is fixedly arranged between the rotary mandrel 1.7 and the rotary mechanism 3.13, so that there is a gap between the rotary mandrel 1.7 and the rotary mechanism 3.13. This distance ensures that the rotary mandrel 1.7 will not be immersed in the EDM fluid when the Z-axis mechanism reaches the lower limit, and preferably, it is higher than the foregoing distance. The spacer mechanism 2 includes a skeleton oil seal 2.10, a connecting disk 2.11, and a connecting rod that provides a gap between the rotary mandrel 1.7 and the turntable. The skeleton oil seal 2.10 is provided outside the bottom of the connecting frame 1.8 to prevent EDM fluid from entering the connecting frame 1.8. . Specifically, the bottom of the rotary mandrel 1.7 is fixedly connected to the connecting rod through the connecting plate 2.11. The function of the connecting rod can increase the distance between the above-mentioned turntable bearing 1.9 and the rotating mechanism 3.13, and ensure that the turntable bearing 1.9 supports the rotating part at the liquid level. Above, the rotating mechanism 3.13 can be immersed in oil to ensure that the rotating part of the turntable bearing 1.9 will not be immersed in oil. A B-axis mechanism 3 is connected to the bottom of the connecting rod. The connecting rod is preferably sleeve-shaped, that is, the connecting sleeve 2.12 in this embodiment. The wall thickness of the connecting sleeve 2.12 can only withstand the moment of rotation. Selecting the sleeve structure can reduce the weight and make the force distribution more reasonable.

The electric machining machine tool 100 according to the present invention includes a main shaft provided with a C-axis mechanism 1 and a B-axis mechanism 3. After the workpiece is rotated to a certain position, it is locked on the workbench 104. Through the linkage of the X, Y, Z linear axes and the B and C rotary axes, the machining electrode 3.14 is positioned and electro-machined, because the workpiece rotation axis of the workbench 104 does not need to participate The linkage electric processing makes the inertia and torque of the rotary shaft motor of the worktable 104 not need to be too large, which can improve the processing accuracy.

The driving device of the C-axis mechanism can drive the C-axis mechanism to rotate about its axis. In this embodiment, during processing, the zero point (initial processing position) of the C-axis mechanism is determined as follows: the rotary spindle 1.7 rotates, so that the axis of the B-axis mechanism is parallel to the axis of the Y-axis body.

The rotating mandrel 1.7 and the rotating mechanism 3.13 are set as follows: the angle range between the rotating axis of the rotating mandrel 1.7 and the rotating axis of the rotating mechanism 3.13 is 60 ° -120 °; preferably 75 ° -105 °, according to the processing workpiece processing The angle of the part is set, and at the same time, it can ensure that there is no interference during processing.

Preferably, the rotating mandrel 1.7 and the rotating mechanism 3.13 are arranged such that the rotating axis of the rotating mandrel 1.7 is perpendicular to and passes through the rotating axis of the rotating mechanism 3.13; it is convenient to program and control during machining of the machine tool. This structure is particularly suitable for the machining of disc-shaped workpieces.

Preferably, the rotation mandrel 1.7 and the rotation mechanism 3.13 are arranged such that the rotation axis of the rotation mandrel 1.7 passes the rotation axis of the rotation mechanism 3.13.

The rotation mandrel 1.7 of the C-axis mechanism 1 can rotate at least ± 60 °, preferably at least ± 90 °, and can have a larger processing range, so that it can cover a larger processing surface. The rotation angle of the C-axis mechanism 1 is set to not more than ± 180 ° to avoid twisting the connection line of the rotary table. When the connecting cable of the rotary table uses a rotary joint, the upper limit of the rotary angle can be set to 360 °. turn around. The driving device of the C-axis mechanism 1 is preferably the driving mechanism 1.1, but other suitable types of motors can also be used. Adopting the drive mechanism 1.1 can make the structure of the C-axis mechanism 1 more compact, better dynamic performance, and less inertia. Because there is no backlash and wear of mechanical transmission, supplemented by a direct measurement system (ie, a detection device), a very high Swing accuracy. Adopting the direct connection control of the drive mechanism 1.1, there is no backlash and power loss caused by the transmission chain to ensure the turning accuracy. The drive mechanism 1.1 has the advantages of low speed, large torque, strong overload capacity, fast response, and small torque fluctuations. It is suitable for high-precision linkage electric processing.

The driving device of the C-axis machine 1 structure is fixedly arranged on the connecting frame 1.8. The connecting frame 1.8 connects the C-axis mechanism 1 to the Z-axis body 132 as well as the machine tool 100 or other driving shafts of the machine tool 100.

The processing electrode 3.14 can be provided with multiple processing ends according to the needs of the processing workpiece 144, so that one processing electrode 3.14 can process at least two positions or directions of the workpiece, reducing the frequency of electrode replacement and providing processing efficiency. For example, electrodes may be provided on the upper and lower sides in the height direction and on the left and right sides in the horizontal direction. The electrodes may be provided in a plurality of directions, respectively. For example, four electrodes are provided in the embodiment shown in FIG. 7. An electrode library is preferably provided, and the electrodes can be replaced according to the shape of the workpiece to be processed and the loss of the electrode.

The workbench 104 of the electric processing machine tool 100 according to the present invention includes a workpiece turning portion 114, a work connection process board 124, and a shroud 134, and the arrangement of the workbench 104 may take various forms. According to the needs of processing the workpiece, for example, when processing, for example, a ring-shaped or disc-shaped workpiece, the worktable 104 can be set as a rotary worktable 104, that is, the D axis. The movement direction is shown by the arrow in FIG. 104 center rotates in different positions.

The workbench 104 may be placed horizontally or vertically. As shown in FIG. 2, when placed horizontally, the direction of the electrode is set in the vertical direction, and the processing head of the electrode can be two, and the upper and lower sides of the workpiece can be processed according to the setting of the processing technology. Save time when changing electrodes.

When placed vertically, as shown in FIG. 5, the direction of the electrodes is horizontally set, and the number of electrode processing heads can be two, and both sides of the workpiece can be processed according to the setting of the processing technology. Save time when changing electrodes.

As shown in Figure 2, when the structure of the machine tool 100 is a moving beam gantry structure, the machine tool 100 has good rigidity, high accuracy, and good stability; the load capacity of the worktable 104 reaches 4-5 tons; the worktable 104 is only responsible for indexing; in the Z axis A C-axis body is arranged on the main body 132, and a small inertia X, Y, Z, C, and B-axis linkage is used to replace the rotation of the workpiece turntable, which can improve the processing speed. The gantry-type structure Y-axis main body 122 is provided on the bed 103 and is provided with two guide rails having a large lateral span and stable structure, so that the electrode does not tilt forward as the Y-axis main body 122 moves.

As shown in FIG. 4, the structure of the machine tool 100 may also be a bull head structure, and the Y-axis body 122 is disposed on the X-axis body 112. The structure of the bull's head makes the structure of the machine tool 100 compact, the operator can easily enter the work area, and it is convenient to clamp and observe the workpiece.

For the horizontally arranged workbench 104, a plurality of processing heads 102 may be arranged around the workbench 104. For example, it can be 2-8. The preferred number is two or four. As shown in FIG. 6, the annular workpiece can be processed at the same time, and the processing efficiency can be doubled.

As shown in FIG. 5, for the worktable 104 placed vertically, bed heads 102 can be respectively provided on the left and right of the worktable 104, which can simultaneously process circular workpieces and improve processing efficiency.

Specific process steps:

Determine the coordinate system of the workpiece:

C-axis mechanism zero point calibration: The worktable is mounted with the workpiece, and the C-axis mechanism is rotated to make the axis of the B-axis mechanism parallel to the axis of the Y-axis body. This state is used as the zero point of the C-axis mechanism.

X-axis main body zero point calibration: The X-axis main body is moved so that "the axis of the B-axis mechanism passes through the rotation axis of the table", and this state is used as the zero point of the X-axis main body.

Y axis body zero point calibration: The zero point of the Y axis body is determined using the machine tool coordinate system or according to the rotation axis of the table.

Z axis body zero point calibration: The zero point of the Z axis body is determined according to the position of the upper surface of the workpiece.

B-axis mechanism zero point calibration: Make the fixture positioning table of the B-axis mechanism 3.18 (as shown in Figure 8) and the X-axis body in a "parallel or vertical" state, and use this state as the zero point of the B-axis mechanism.

Workbench zero point calibration: For workpieces of rotating parts, after the workpiece is clamped, the zero point position is calibrated according to other characteristic dimensions on the workpiece.

After the zero point of the workpiece is determined, the coordinate system of the workpiece on the machine tool can be determined. Based on this, the machine tool is controlled to process the workpiece.

According to the requirements, determine the angle that the workbench needs to rotate after processing one of the multiple processing parts.

Process description:

The worktable is rotated and positioned with the workpiece, and the X, Y, and Z axis bodies and the B and C axis mechanisms are linked to perform the screw-in processing of the electrode. After the first processing part is processed, the electrode is rotated out and the workpiece is rotated to the required angle On the rotary table, the X, Y, and Z axis bodies and the B and C axis mechanisms are once again linked and moved to perform the screw-in processing of the electrodes.

Beneficial effect

1. According to the electric processing machine tool of the present invention, it is possible to realize the electric processing of annular workpieces such as gas turbine nozzles (processed parts have curved surfaces, and traditional machining has workpieces with blind processing areas). The gantry structure makes the machine tool have good accuracy and the bull head structure makes The machine is compact.

2. The processing electrode is installed on an oil-immersed turntable. The electrode rotary axis adopts an oil-immersed turntable to achieve oil-immersion processing of the workpiece. At the same time, the turntable can realize high-precision numerically controlled rotary motion.

3. The main body of the C-axis is directly connected by the drive mechanism, especially the "servo motor + reducer" mechanism, eliminating the backlash.

4. Use angle encoder to realize full closed-loop control to improve accuracy.

5. When applied to the processing of circular workpieces, the workpiece is fixed after rotating to a corresponding angle, and the other axes are used for electrical processing. The workpiece rotary shaft can meet the requirements without good linkage performance. The other rotary shafts only need to drive electrodes, and the weight is small, and linkage processing is easy to achieve. When the workbench and the workpiece are placed horizontally, for the first and second embodiments, there will be no horizontal tilting of the workpiece on the workbench to affect the machining accuracy.

6. The structure of the machine tool is reasonable, which can realize high-precision machining of large circular workpieces with curved features. For example, it can be applied to the machining of circular workpieces with blades with a diameter of 1500mm (the linear distance between the processing parts can be 1500mm).

7. When this B and C axis structure is applied to the machining of circular workpieces with curved features, the machining action is simple, so no complicated machining system control is needed, and the machining program is simple to program.

The foregoing describes specific embodiments of the present invention, but those skilled in the art should understand that these are merely examples, and the protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims. Those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to these embodiments without departing from the principle and essence of the present invention, and these changes and modifications all fall into the protection scope of the present invention. The various features in the above embodiments can also be arbitrarily combined within a reasonable range according to the principles of the present invention, and such combinations also fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

An electrode assembly (101) of an electric processing machine (100) includes:

C-axis mechanism (1); and

B-axis mechanism (3), the B-axis mechanism (3) is connected to the C-axis mechanism (1);

The C-axis mechanism (1) includes:

A driving device that drives the C-axis mechanism (1) to operate so that the B-axis mechanism (3) rotates around a rotation axis of the C-axis mechanism (1);

The B-axis mechanism (3) includes:

A rotating mechanism (3.13) capable of being immersed in an electric discharge machining fluid, said rotating mechanism (3.13) being capable of rotating around its axis of rotation and connected to said C-axis mechanism (1), so that the Motion can be transmitted to the rotation mechanism (3.13); and

A processing electrode (3.14) mounted on the rotating mechanism (3.13).
The electrode assembly (101) of an electric processing machine (100) according to claim 1, wherein:

The C-axis mechanism (1) further includes:

Adapter (1.8); and

A rotating mandrel (1.7), which is rotatably installed in the connecting frame (1.8) and includes an input end, an output end, and the rotation axis;

Wherein, the driving device is connected to the input end of the rotary mandrel (1.7) for driving the rotary mandrel (1.7) to rotate around the rotation axis;

The rotation mechanism (3.13) is connected to the output end of the rotary mandrel (1.7).
The electrode assembly (101) of an electric processing machine (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that:

A detection device for detecting the angular position of the rotary mandrel (1.7) is further included, so that the driving device drives the rotary mandrel (1.7) according to the detected angular position of the rotary mandrel (1.7);

Preferably, the detection device includes an angle encoder (1.4) and a fastening mechanism that fixes the angle encoder (1.4) to the connecting frame (1.8);

Preferably, the fastening mechanism includes an angle encoder fixing plate (1.5) and an angle encoder lock nut (1.6), and the angle encoder fixing plate (1.5) is fastened to the angle encoder (1.4). Outer ring, the inner ring of the angle encoder (1.4) is axially locked by the angle encoder lock nut (1.6).
The electrode assembly (101) of an electric processing machine (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that:

The rotation mandrel (1.7) and the rotation mechanism (3.13) are arranged such that the rotation axis of the rotation mandrel (1.7) is perpendicular to and / or passes through the rotation axis of the rotation mechanism (3.13);

And / or, the driving device includes a driving mechanism (1.1), and an output end of the driving mechanism (1.1) is drivingly connected to the input end of the rotary mandrel (1.7).
The electrode assembly (101) of an electric processing machine (100) according to claim 1, wherein:

A spacer mechanism (2) is further included, and the spacer mechanism (2) is fixedly disposed between the C-axis mechanism (1) and the rotation mechanism (3.13), so that the C-axis mechanism (1) and the There is a gap between the rotating mechanisms (3.13).
The electrode assembly (101) of an electric processing machine (100) according to claim 4, characterized in that:

The driving device further includes a motor fixing base (1.3) and a coupling (1.2), wherein the motor fixing base (1.3) is fixed to the connecting frame (1.8) and the driving mechanism (1.1) is fixed to Wherein, the coupling (1.2) connects the output end of the driving mechanism (1.1) to the input end of the rotary mandrel (1.7).
The electrode assembly (101) of an electric processing machine (100) according to claim 5, characterized in that:

The spacing mechanism (2) includes a hollow connection sleeve (2.12) that allows a space between the rotary mandrel (1.7) and the rotation mechanism (3.13),

Preferably, the spacing mechanism (2) further includes a skeleton oil seal (2.10), and the skeleton oil seal (2.10) is disposed outside the bottom of the connection frame (1.8) to prevent the electric discharge machining fluid from entering the connection Frame (1.8).
The electrode assembly (101) of an electric processing machine (100) according to claim 4, characterized in that:

It also includes a turntable bearing (1.9) installed in the connecting bracket (1.8), so that the output end of the rotary mandrel (1.7) is rotatably supported in the turntable bearing (1.9),

Preferably, the rotating mandrel (1.7) is capable of rotating at least ± 60 °;

Further preferably, the rotation angle of the rotary mandrel (1.7) is less than ± 180 °.
The electrode assembly (101) of an electric processing machine (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein:

The rotating mechanism (3.13) adopts an existing working turntable for installing and rotating a workpiece of an electric processing machine;

Preferably, the rotating mechanism (3.13) can prevent EDM machining fluid from entering therein.
An electric processing machine tool (100) using the electrode assembly (101) according to any one of claims 1-9, the electric processing machine tool (100) comprising the electrode assembly (101), a bed (103) And at least one headboard (102) seated on the bed (103), each headboard (102) including an X-axis body (112), a Y-axis body (122), and a Z-axis body (132 ), Said X-axis body (112), Y-axis body (122) and Z-axis body (132) are respectively provided with a driving device, a guide rail, and a ram, wherein,

The X-axis body (112), the Y-axis body (122), and the Z-axis body (132) are connected to each other, so that the X-axis body (112) can reciprocate in the X-axis direction, and the Y-axis body (122) ) Is capable of reciprocating in the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis body (132) is capable of reciprocating in the Z-axis direction;

The connection frame (1.8) of the electrode assembly (101) is fixedly connected to the Z-axis body (132), so that the connection frame (1.8) can move together with the Z-axis body (132).
The electric machining machine tool (100) according to claim 10, wherein the C-axis mechanism, the B-axis mechanism, the Y-axis body, and the Z-axis body are provided such that The rotation axis is parallel to the Z-axis direction of the Z-axis body, and the rotation axis of the B-axis mechanism can be parallel to the Y-axis direction of the Y-axis body.
The electric working machine (100) according to claim 10, wherein:

Also included is a worktable (104) for placing a workpiece, the worktable (104) having a workpiece rotation portion (114) capable of rotating about a rotation axis of the worktable (104), the workpiece rotation portion (114) for Fixing the workpiece thereon and rotating the workpiece about the rotation axis;

Preferably, the workbench (104) is arranged to be placed horizontally or vertically.
The electric machining machine (100) according to claim 12, wherein the at least one headboard (102) comprises two or four headboards (102) arranged around the worktable (104);

And / or the processing electrode (3.14) includes a plurality of electrodes, and preferably, any two of the plurality of electrodes are on a vertical plane perpendicular to a rotation axis of the rotating mechanism (3.13), respectively, toward a phase The two directions of the back extend, either perpendicular to each other, or the directions of extension are staggered at a certain angle.
The electric machining machine tool (100) according to claim 12, characterized in that the bed head (102) has a movable beam gantry structure, and the Y-axis body (122) is supported on the bed body in a double support form. (103), the X-axis body (112) is supported on the Y-axis body (122), the Z-axis body (132) is supported on the X-axis body (112), and the Z-axis body (132) a structure integrated with the connecting frame (1.8);

Or, the bed head (102) has a bull head structure, the X-axis body (112) is supported on the bed body (103), and the Y-axis body (122) is supported on the X-axis body (112) The Z-axis body (132) is supported on the Y-axis body (122).
The processing method of the electric processing machine tool (100) according to any one of claims 10 to 14, comprising the following processing steps:

C-axis mechanism zero point calibration: The worktable is mounted with a workpiece, and the C-axis mechanism is rotated to make the rotation axis of the B-axis mechanism parallel to the Y-axis direction of the Y-axis body. This state is used as the zero point of the C-axis mechanism;

X-axis main body zero point calibration: The X-axis main body is moved so that the rotation axis of the B-axis mechanism passes through the rotation axis of the table, and this state is used as the zero point of the X-axis main body;

Y-axis main body zero point calibration: The zero point of the Y-axis main body uses the machine tool coordinate system or sets the axis of the rotary axis of the table in the Y-axis direction to zero;

Preferably, the processing steps of the processing method further include:

B-axis mechanism zero point calibration: Make the positioning table of the B-axis mechanism fixture parallel or vertical to the X-axis body, and use this state as the zero point of the B-axis mechanism;

Z axis body zero point calibration: The zero point of the Z axis body is determined according to the position of the upper surface of the workpiece;

Workbench zero point calibration: For workpieces of rotating parts, after the workpiece is clamped, the zero position is calibrated according to the position of the reference plane or reference line when the workpiece is processed;

After determining the zero point of the workpiece, based on this, control the machine tool to process the workpiece;

According to the size requirements of the workpiece, determine the angle that the workbench needs to rotate after processing one of the multiple processing locations of the workpiece; preferably, it further includes the steps:

The worktable is rotated and positioned with the workpiece, and the X, Y, and Z axis bodies and the B and C-axis mechanisms are linked to perform the screw-in processing of the electrode. After the first processing part is processed, the electrode is rotated out, and the angle required for the table-turning The X-, Y-, and Z-axis bodies and the B and C-axis mechanisms are once again linked to perform the screw-in processing of the electrodes.