CN219649210U - Six-axis numerical control machine tool - Google Patents
Six-axis numerical control machine tool Download PDFInfo
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- CN219649210U CN219649210U CN202321286584.4U CN202321286584U CN219649210U CN 219649210 U CN219649210 U CN 219649210U CN 202321286584 U CN202321286584 U CN 202321286584U CN 219649210 U CN219649210 U CN 219649210U
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Abstract
The utility model belongs to the field of numerical control machine tools, and particularly relates to a six-axis numerical control machine tool. The device comprises a supporting mechanism, an X-axis moving mechanism, a Y-axis moving mechanism, a Z-axis moving mechanism, a double-shaft swinging head mechanism and a C-axis turntable mechanism, wherein the X-axis moving mechanism, the Y-axis moving mechanism and the Z-axis moving mechanism are arranged on the supporting mechanism and can respectively perform three-axis linear motion along the X-axis, the Y-axis and the Z-axis; the double-shaft head swinging mechanism is arranged on the Z-axis moving mechanism, the C-axis turntable mechanism is arranged on the supporting mechanism and can be linked with the X-axis moving mechanism, the Y-axis moving mechanism, the Z-axis moving mechanism and the double-shaft head swinging mechanism. The utility model not only can carry out five-axis linkage processing and five-axis positioning processing, but also can realize five-axis turning processing, can realize one-time clamping to finish multi-working-procedure processing, eliminates repeated clamping errors, improves the processing precision and the processing efficiency, and has simple structure and high space utilization rate.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the field of numerical control machine tools, and particularly relates to a six-axis numerical control machine tool.
Background
Along with the continuous improvement of technological progress and market demand, the complexity of part product processing is also higher and higher, for example in application fields such as aerospace, mould processing, car, boats and ships, large-scale equipment etc. not only the overall dimension of product is great, and part characteristics are complicated, and partial product still has gyration characteristic, need carry out multiaspect processing, mill compound processing such as turning, grinding and attacking to the straightness, flatness and parallelism requirement of processing are higher, and this kind of product often need carry out the process circulation on multiple equipment such as vertical and horizontal and lathe when processing at present, and the dismouting is not only machining efficiency is low repeatedly, and machining precision is difficult to guarantee yet.
The five-axis numerical control machine tool can realize multi-operation processing of complex products, but for larger part products, particularly heavy part products, the rotary table type five-axis numerical control machine tool cannot be adopted for processing because the multi-axis numerical control rotary table is difficult to directly drive and turn over. The swing-head type five-axis numerical control machine tool does not have turning capability, and is difficult to meet the machining requirements on large-sized rotary parts with high machining efficiency and machining precision requirements. The existing five-axis numerical control machine tool with the swinging head is of an orthogonal structure, the driving mode of combination of the servo motor and the speed reducer is large in occupied area, the utilization rate of processing space is low, the swinging head is difficult to adjust and align, and the processing precision is not easy to guarantee.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a six-axis numerical control machine tool with high space utilization rate and a turning and milling combined machining function, which effectively improves the machining precision and the machining efficiency of larger products.
In order to solve the technical problems, the utility model is realized by the following technical scheme: a six-axis numerical control machine tool comprises a supporting mechanism, an X-axis moving mechanism, a Y-axis moving mechanism, a Z-axis moving mechanism, a double-shaft swinging head mechanism and a C-axis turntable mechanism, wherein the X-axis moving mechanism, the Y-axis moving mechanism and the Z-axis moving mechanism are arranged on the supporting mechanism and can respectively perform three-axis linear motion along the X-axis, the Y-axis and the Z-axis; the double-shaft head swinging mechanism is arranged on the Z-axis moving mechanism, the C-axis turntable mechanism is arranged on the supporting mechanism and can be linked with the X-axis moving mechanism, the Y-axis moving mechanism, the Z-axis moving mechanism and the double-shaft head swinging mechanism.
The six-axis numerical control machine tool comprises a fixed beam gantry linear movement structure formed by a supporting mechanism, an X-axis movement mechanism, a Y-axis movement mechanism and a Z-axis movement mechanism, wherein the supporting mechanism comprises a machine body, a stand column and a cross beam, and the stand column and the cross beam form a gantry structure which is arranged on the machine body; the X-axis moving mechanism is arranged on the cross beam, the Z-axis moving mechanism is arranged on the X-axis moving mechanism, the Y-axis moving mechanism is arranged on the lathe bed, and the C-axis turntable mechanism is arranged on the Y-axis moving mechanism and can reciprocate along the Y-axis direction along with the Y-axis moving mechanism.
The six-axis numerical control machine tool comprises a movable beam gantry linear movement structure formed by a supporting mechanism, an X-axis movement mechanism, a Y-axis movement mechanism and a Z-axis movement mechanism, wherein the supporting mechanism comprises a machine body, a stand column and a cross beam, the stand column and the cross beam form a gantry structure which is arranged on the Y-axis movement mechanism, and the Y-axis movement mechanism is arranged on the machine body; the X-axis moving mechanism is arranged on the cross beam, the Z-axis moving mechanism is arranged on the X-axis moving mechanism, and the C-axis turntable mechanism is fixed on the lathe bed.
The six-axis numerical control machine tool comprises a cross sliding table linear movement structure formed by the supporting mechanism, the X-axis movement mechanism, the Y-axis movement mechanism and the Z-axis movement mechanism, wherein the supporting mechanism comprises a machine body and an upright post, and the upright post is fixed on the machine body; the Y-axis moving mechanism is arranged on the lathe bed, the X-axis moving mechanism is arranged on the Y-axis moving mechanism, and the Z-axis moving mechanism is arranged on the upright post; the C-axis turntable mechanism is arranged on the X-axis moving mechanism and can reciprocate along the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction along with the X-axis moving mechanism and the Y-axis moving mechanism.
According to the six-axis numerical control machine tool, the double-shaft swinging mechanism is provided with the electric spindle, and the electric spindle is provided with the cutter; the electric spindle is provided with a turning and milling conversion device, so that the electric spindle can drive the cutter to rotate or to be static around the axis of the electric spindle.
According to the six-axis numerical control machine tool, the double-shaft head swinging mechanism is of a non-orthogonal head swinging structure, the included angle of the double-shaft axis is larger than 45 degrees, the double-shaft matching can enable the electric spindle to conduct horizontal machining or vertical machining or enable the electric spindle to conduct negative angle machining, and the processable maximum negative angle alpha= (theta-45 degrees) x 2 is the included angle of the double-shaft axis.
According to the six-axis numerical control machine tool, the machining point of the cutter is located at the position close to the rotation axis of the double-shaft head swinging mechanism.
According to the six-axis numerical control machine tool, the C-axis turntable mechanism is of a direct-drive turntable structure, a workpiece can be driven to rotate at a high speed, and turning and milling combined machining is carried out under the cooperation of the electric spindle.
According to the six-axis numerical control machine tool, linkage of the C-axis turntable mechanism and the X-axis moving mechanism, the Y-axis moving mechanism, the Z-axis moving mechanism and the double-axis swinging mechanism is controlled by a numerical control system of the machine tool, and five-axis linkage machining, five-axis positioning machining and five-axis turning machining can be performed.
According to the six-axis numerical control machine tool, the numerical control system of the machine tool can automatically compensate and adjust the included angle of the double-axis line of the double-axis head swinging mechanism, and when the installation accuracy of the included angle of the double-axis line is not in place, the numerical control system automatically adjusts the included angle of the double-axis line through the space position compensation of the rotating shaft.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that: the utility model not only can carry out five-axis linkage processing and five-axis positioning processing, but also can realize five-axis turning processing, thereby realizing one-time clamping to finish multi-working-procedure processing, eliminating repeated clamping errors and improving processing precision and processing efficiency. The double-shaft head swinging mechanism is arranged in a non-orthogonal mode, the relative volume is small, the space utilization rate is high, the machining space loss is small, the included angle of the double-shaft axis is larger than 45 degrees, and therefore vertical and horizontal conversion machining can be achieved by the machine tool, and negative angle machining can be achieved. The numerical control system can automatically compensate and adjust the included angle of the axis of the swinging head, so that the swinging head is simpler and more convenient to install, and the production and manufacturing requirements on the swinging head are reduced. The machining point of the main shaft cutter is positioned near the rotating axis of the double-shaft head swinging mechanism, so that the positioning angle deviation of the turntable is effectively reduced, the high dynamic rigidity of the cutter is ensured, the influence of cutting moment is reduced, and high stability and high precision are realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the vertical processing state of embodiment 1 of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the horizontal processing state of embodiment 1 of the present utility model.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the negative angle working state of example 1 of the present utility model.
FIG. 4 is a schematic of the negative angle process maximum negative angle of the present utility model.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 2 of the present utility model.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 3 of the present utility model.
Description of the embodiments
The utility model is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description. The following examples are illustrative of the utility model but are not intended to limit the scope of the utility model.
In the description of the embodiments of the present utility model, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the embodiments of the present utility model and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements to be referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present utility model.
In embodiments of the utility model, unless expressly specified and limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" on a second feature may be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact via an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.
In the description herein, reference to the term "one embodiment," "a particular example," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.
Fig. 1 to 3 show a fixed beam gantry type six-axis numerical control machine tool according to embodiment 1 of the present utility model, including: the machine tool comprises a machine tool body 1, a stand column 2, a cross beam 3, an X-axis moving mechanism 4, a Y-axis moving mechanism 5, a Z-axis moving mechanism 6, a double-shaft swinging head mechanism 7, a C-axis turntable mechanism 8 and an electric spindle 10.
The upright post 2 and the cross beam 3 form a portal frame structure, the portal frame structure is fixed on the machine body 1, the X-axis moving mechanism 4 is arranged on the cross beam 3, the Z-axis moving mechanism 6 is arranged on the X-axis moving mechanism 4, the double-shaft head swinging mechanism 7 is arranged on the Z-axis moving mechanism 6, and the double-shaft head swinging mechanism can reciprocate along the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction under the drive of the X-axis moving mechanism 4 and the Z-axis moving mechanism 6. The Y-axis moving mechanism 5 is arranged on the machine body 1, and the C-axis turntable mechanism 8 is arranged below the cross beam 3 and is arranged on the Y-axis moving mechanism 5 and can reciprocate along the Y-axis direction along with the Y-axis moving mechanism 5.
An electric spindle 10 is arranged on the double-shaft head swinging mechanism 7, and a cutting tool is arranged on the electric spindle 10. The machining point of the cutting tool is positioned near the rotating axis of the double-shaft head swinging mechanism 7, so that the point position error of the main shaft knife point caused by the positioning angle deviation of the double-shaft head swinging mechanism 7 can be effectively reduced, the high dynamic rigidity of the cutting tool is ensured, the influence of cutting moment is reduced, and high stability and high precision are realized. The motorized spindle 10 has a turning and milling conversion function, and can drive the milling cutter to rotate at a high speed when the milling cutter is installed, and can be locked at a specific angle when the turning tool is installed, so that the turning tool is prevented from rotating.
The double-shaft head swinging mechanism 7 is of a non-orthogonal head swinging structure, the included angle of the double-shaft axes is larger than 45 degrees, the central axis of the electric spindle 10 can be perpendicular to the working table surface of the C-shaft rotary table mechanism 8 through double-shaft matched rotation, as shown in fig. 1, and the central axis of the electric spindle 10 can be parallel to the working table surface of the C-shaft rotary table mechanism 8, as shown in fig. 2, so that vertical-horizontal conversion processing of the electric spindle 10 is realized. Since the included angle of the biaxial axes is greater than 45 °, the motorized spindle 10 can also be subjected to a negative angle process by rotating the rotation shaft of the biaxial oscillating mechanism 7, as shown in fig. 3, with the maximum negative angle α= (θ -45 °) ×2 that can be processed, where θ is the included angle of the biaxial axes, as shown in fig. 4.
In order to facilitate the installation and production of the double-shaft head swinging mechanism 7, the machine tool numerical control system has a head swinging self-adjusting function, can automatically compensate and adjust the included angle of the double-shaft axis of the double-shaft head swinging mechanism 7, automatically adjusts the included angle of the double-shaft axis through the space position compensation of the rotating shaft when the installation precision of the included angle of the double-shaft axis is not in place, realizes the correction and compensation, does not need to ensure the designed integral angle of the height of the head swinging part, can widen the numerical tolerance range of the angle of the part, and reduces the difficulty of processing, manufacturing and adjusting.
The C-axis turntable mechanism 8 is a direct-drive turntable structure and can drive a workpiece to rotate at a high speed. Under the control of a numerical control system of a machine tool, the turning and milling combined function can be realized, a plurality of working procedures such as five-axis linkage machining, five-axis positioning machining, five-axis turning machining and the like can be completed through one-time clamping, the working procedures are combined, repeated clamping errors are eliminated, the requirements of high straightness, flatness, perpendicularity and parallelism of machined parts can be met, and the machining device has good practical efficiency on machining large parts which cannot meet the machining requirements due to the limitation of the size of a rotary workbench. When five-axis positioning processing or five-axis linkage processing is performed on large parts, the C-axis turntable mechanism 8 can be fixed, so that the double-axis swinging mechanism 7, the X-axis moving mechanism 4, the Y-axis moving mechanism 5 and the Z-axis moving mechanism 6 perform linkage movement together, errors caused by high-speed turntable movement can be eliminated, error accumulation is avoided, multi-axis interpolation is reduced, and processing precision is improved; the rotation shaft of the double-shaft swinging mechanism 7 can also enable the C-shaft turntable mechanism 8, the swinging shaft of the double-shaft swinging mechanism 7, the X-shaft moving mechanism 4, the Y-shaft moving mechanism 5 and the Z-shaft moving mechanism 6 to carry out linkage movement, thereby improving the integral processing rigidity of the machine tool and further improving the stability and the precision of processed parts. The C-axis turntable mechanism 8 drives the workpiece to rotate at a high speed, the double-shaft swinging mechanism 7, the X-axis moving mechanism 4, the Y-axis moving mechanism 5 and the Z-axis moving mechanism 6 move in a linkage mode, five-axis linkage turning can be conducted, and therefore high-efficiency and high-precision turning of complex curved surfaces is achieved.
The above embodiment 1 is only one embodiment of the present utility model using a fixed beam gantry structure, and in addition thereto, a movable beam gantry structure or a cross slide table structure may be used as shown in fig. 5 and 6, respectively.
Fig. 5 shows a six-axis gantry type numerical control machine tool with movable beams according to embodiment 2 of the present utility model, which is substantially identical to the composition structure of embodiment 1, and includes: the machine tool comprises a machine tool body 1, a stand column 2, a cross beam 3, an X-axis moving mechanism 4, a Y-axis moving mechanism 5, a Z-axis moving mechanism 6, a double-shaft swinging head mechanism 7 and a C-axis turntable mechanism 8. The different is that the upright post 2 and the cross beam 3 form a portal frame structure which is arranged on the Y-axis moving mechanism 5 and can move along the Y-axis direction along with the Y-axis moving mechanism 5, and the C-axis turntable mechanism 8 is fixed on the machine body 1. That is, the biaxial oscillating mechanism 7 reciprocates in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis direction, respectively. Except for this, the mounting and structure of the biaxial oscillating mechanism 7 are the same as those of embodiment 1. The operation and functions implemented are also consistent with the embodiments.
Fig. 6 shows a six-axis numerical control machine tool of a cross slide table type according to embodiment 3 of the present utility model, which is different from embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 in composition and structure, including: the machine tool comprises a machine tool body 1, an X-axis moving mechanism 4, a Y-axis moving mechanism 5, a Z-axis moving mechanism 6, a double-shaft swinging head mechanism 7, a C-axis turntable mechanism 8 and an inverted L-shaped single upright 9. The Y-axis moving mechanism 5 is mounted on the bed 1, the X-axis moving mechanism 4 is mounted on the Y-axis moving mechanism 5, and the C-axis turntable mechanism 8 is mounted on the X-axis moving mechanism 4 and can reciprocate along the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction along with the X-axis moving mechanism 4 and the Y-axis moving mechanism 5. The inverted L-shaped single upright post 9 is fixed on the lathe bed 1, the Z-axis moving mechanism 6 is arranged on the inverted L-shaped single upright post 9, and the double-shaft swinging mechanism 7 is arranged on the Z-axis moving mechanism 6 and can reciprocate along the Z-axis direction along with the Z-axis moving mechanism 6. In addition, the specific structure and operation of the biaxial swinging head mechanism 7 and the C-axis turntable mechanism 8 are the same as those of the embodiments 1 and 2, and the turning and milling combined machining such as five-axis linkage machining, five-axis positioning machining, five-axis turning machining and the like is performed under the control of the machine tool numerical control system.
The six-axis numerical control machine tool has strong flexibility and high machining precision, can be suitable for various machining fields, such as die machining, precise electrodes, aviation field, automobile field, large-scale equipment machining master machine, consumer electronics, medical equipment and other application fields, can realize one-time clamping to complete five-axis linkage machining, five-axis positioning machining and five-axis turning machining, can ensure high straightness, flatness, perpendicularity and parallelism of machined parts, and has good practical efficiency for machining large-scale parts which cannot meet machining requirements due to the limitation of the size of a rotary workbench, and has wide application range and strong universality.
Although the present utility model has been described in detail hereinabove, the present utility model is not limited thereto and various modifications may be made by those skilled in the art in accordance with the principles of the present utility model. Therefore, all modifications made in accordance with the principles of the present utility model should be understood as falling within the scope of the present utility model.
Claims (10)
1. The six-axis numerical control machine tool is characterized by comprising a supporting mechanism, an X-axis moving mechanism, a Y-axis moving mechanism, a Z-axis moving mechanism, a double-shaft swinging mechanism and a C-axis turntable mechanism, wherein the X-axis moving mechanism, the Y-axis moving mechanism and the Z-axis moving mechanism are arranged on the supporting mechanism and can respectively perform three-axis linear motion along the X-axis, the Y-axis and the Z-axis; the double-shaft head swinging mechanism is arranged on the Z-axis moving mechanism, the C-axis turntable mechanism is arranged on the supporting mechanism and can be linked with the X-axis moving mechanism, the Y-axis moving mechanism, the Z-axis moving mechanism and the double-shaft head swinging mechanism.
2. The six-axis numerical control machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the support mechanism, the X-axis moving mechanism, the Y-axis moving mechanism and the Z-axis moving mechanism form a fixed-beam gantry linear moving structure, the support mechanism comprises a machine body, a stand column and a cross beam, and the stand column and the cross beam form a gantry structure which is arranged on the machine body; the X-axis moving mechanism is arranged on the cross beam, the Z-axis moving mechanism is arranged on the X-axis moving mechanism, the Y-axis moving mechanism is arranged on the lathe bed, and the C-axis turntable mechanism is arranged on the Y-axis moving mechanism and can reciprocate along the Y-axis direction along with the Y-axis moving mechanism.
3. The six-axis numerical control machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the supporting mechanism, the X-axis moving mechanism, the Y-axis moving mechanism and the Z-axis moving mechanism form a movable beam gantry linear moving structure, the supporting mechanism comprises a machine body, a stand column and a cross beam, the stand column and the cross beam form a gantry structure which is arranged on the Y-axis moving mechanism, and the Y-axis moving mechanism is arranged on the machine body; the X-axis moving mechanism is arranged on the cross beam, the Z-axis moving mechanism is arranged on the X-axis moving mechanism, and the C-axis turntable mechanism is fixed on the lathe bed.
4. The six-axis numerical control machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the supporting mechanism, the X-axis moving mechanism, the Y-axis moving mechanism and the Z-axis moving mechanism form a cross sliding table linear moving structure, the supporting mechanism comprises a machine body and a stand column, and the stand column is fixed on the machine body; the Y-axis moving mechanism is arranged on the lathe bed, the X-axis moving mechanism is arranged on the Y-axis moving mechanism, and the Z-axis moving mechanism is arranged on the upright post; the C-axis turntable mechanism is arranged on the X-axis moving mechanism and can reciprocate along the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction along with the X-axis moving mechanism and the Y-axis moving mechanism.
5. A six axis numerically controlled machine tool as in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the dual axis swing mechanism has an electric spindle mounted thereon, the electric spindle having a tool mounted thereon; the electric spindle is provided with a turning and milling conversion device, so that the electric spindle can drive the cutter to rotate or to be static around the axis of the electric spindle.
6. The six-axis numerical control machine of claim 5 wherein the biaxial oscillating mechanism is a non-orthogonal oscillating mechanism, and the included angle of biaxial axes is greater than 45 degrees, and the biaxial cooperation enables horizontal machining or vertical machining of the electric spindle, or enables negative angle machining of the electric spindle, and the maximum negative angle α= (θ -45 °) ×2 of machining is the included angle of biaxial axes.
7. The six axis numerically controlled machine tool of claim 6, wherein the tool bit is positioned near the axis of rotation of the dual axis oscillating mechanism.
8. The six-axis numerical control machine tool according to claim 7, wherein the C-axis turntable mechanism is a direct-drive turntable structure and can drive a workpiece to rotate at a high speed, and the turning and milling combined machining is performed under the cooperation of an electric spindle.
9. The six-axis numerical control machine tool according to claim 8, wherein the linkage of the C-axis turntable mechanism and the X-axis moving mechanism, the Y-axis moving mechanism, the Z-axis moving mechanism and the double-axis swinging mechanism is controlled by a numerical control system of the machine tool, and five-axis linkage machining, five-axis positioning machining and five-axis turning machining can be performed.
10. The six-axis numerical control machine tool according to claim 9, wherein the numerical control system of the machine tool can automatically compensate and adjust the included angle of the two axes of the two-axis swinging mechanism, and when the installation precision of the included angle of the two axes is not in place, the numerical control system automatically adjusts the included angle of the two axes through the spatial position compensation of the rotating shaft.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117206548A (en) * | 2023-11-03 | 2023-12-12 | 上海诺倬力机电科技有限公司 | Horizontal five-axis processing machine tool |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117206548A (en) * | 2023-11-03 | 2023-12-12 | 上海诺倬力机电科技有限公司 | Horizontal five-axis processing machine tool |
| CN117206548B (en) * | 2023-11-03 | 2024-02-02 | 上海诺倬力机电科技有限公司 | Horizontal five-axis processing machine tool |
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