WO2020048251A1 - 一种车厢铰接连接装置及有轨电车 - Google Patents

一种车厢铰接连接装置及有轨电车 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020048251A1
WO2020048251A1 PCT/CN2019/097205 CN2019097205W WO2020048251A1 WO 2020048251 A1 WO2020048251 A1 WO 2020048251A1 CN 2019097205 W CN2019097205 W CN 2019097205W WO 2020048251 A1 WO2020048251 A1 WO 2020048251A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
connection
carriage
car
plate
tail
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PCT/CN2019/097205
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
孙闯
尹洪旭
邓新博
关显涛
钟恩洋
卢睿
Original Assignee
中车大连机车车辆有限公司
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Application filed by 中车大连机车车辆有限公司 filed Critical 中车大连机车车辆有限公司
Priority to PH12019502553A priority Critical patent/PH12019502553A1/en
Publication of WO2020048251A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020048251A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61G—COUPLINGS; DRAUGHT AND BUFFING APPLIANCES
    • B61G3/00—Couplings comprising mating parts of similar shape or form which can be coupled without the use of any additional element or elements
    • B61G3/22—Couplings comprising mating parts of similar shape or form which can be coupled without the use of any additional element or elements with coupling heads rigidly connected by locks consisting of pivoted latches

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a traffic vehicle, and in particular to a hinged connection device for a carriage and a tram.
  • trams can fill the gap between bus and subway traffic. Its short vehicle length makes it more convenient and flexible to run on existing urban roads. It is especially suitable for small and medium-sized cities. Trunk transportation and branch transportation in big cities, modern trams have the advantages of convenience, speed, safety, comfort, energy conservation and environmental protection, low investment costs, short construction cycles, and strong adaptability to the urban environment. They are veritable "green vehicles”.
  • a tram usually has multiple carriages, and adjacent carriages are connected to the articulation device through a hinged connection seat, thereby splicing the carriages together.
  • the vehicle includes three carriages. Among them, a bogie is located below the first carriage and the tail carriage, and the middle carriage is a suspension vehicle.
  • the X, Y, and Z degrees of translation, roll (rotation around the Y axis), nodded degrees of freedom limiting the translation between the middle compartment and the tail carriage in the X, Y, Z directions, side roll (rotation around the Y axis) degrees of freedom
  • In order to achieve the vehicle can pass a variety of line curves.
  • the hinge connection seat is composed of a mounting stand, a bottom plate, and a side plate. It is welded to the top plate, and then the bottom plate is set in the middle of one end of the car roof by means of plug welding and arc welding, and is connected to the hinge device through a mounting plate.
  • the invention provides a carriage hinged connection device and a tram, in order to solve the upper hinged connection structure used by the existing trams, and fails to solve the axle weight deviation caused by the deflection of the vehicle body caused by the increase in passenger capacity. , which in turn affects the normal operation of the vehicle.
  • the invention provides a hinged connection device for a carriage, which comprises:
  • a connecting component and a mounting portion the connecting component is respectively connected to one end of the mounting portion and a top of a first compartment or a tail compartment, and the other end of the mounting portion is used to connect to the first compartment or the tail portion
  • the hinge devices connected to the tops of adjacent cars are connected, and the end surface of one end where the mounting portion is connected to the hinge device is an inclined surface, and a fixed angle is formed between the inclined surface and the connecting surface of the hinge device.
  • the mounting portion includes a mounting plate and a plurality of interconnected reinforcing members, the mounting plate is connected to a bottom surface of the reinforcing member and an end surface of the reinforcing member facing the hinge device, The end of the mounting plate connected to the end surface of the reinforcing member is used to connect to the hinge device, and the inclined surface is located on the end surface of the mounting plate connected to the hinge device.
  • the mounting plate includes a bottom connection plate connected to a bottom surface of the reinforcement member and an inclined installation panel connected to an end surface of the reinforcement member, and one end of the bottom connection plate is connected to the bottom plate. The bottom end of the mounting panel is connected.
  • the mounting plate includes a bottom connection plate connected to a bottom surface of the reinforcing member and a mounting panel for connecting with the hinge device, and a top end of the mounting panel is in contact with the reinforcing member.
  • the top end is rotationally connected, and the bottom end of the installation panel is detachably connected to the bottom connection plate.
  • a limit block is provided on an end of the bottom joint plate near the mounting panel, and the limit block is used for connecting the bottom end of the mounting panel and the bottom joint plate. Limit.
  • connection assembly includes a support beam and connection beams at both ends of the support beam, the connection beam is used to connect with the carriage, and one end of the mounting portion is connected to the support beam. Central connection.
  • a reinforcing plate is further provided on the supporting beam, and the reinforcing plate is further used for connecting with the top of the carriage.
  • the invention also provides a tram, comprising at least three carriages, including the two articulated connection devices according to claims 1-7, wherein the two articulated connection devices are respectively connected to the first carriage and the tail section.
  • the tops of the cars are connected.
  • the bogies of the first car and the tail car of the tram are provided with bogies.
  • the bottom ends of two adjacent cars are connected by a lower hinge device.
  • the top of the first car is adjacent to the adjacent car.
  • the tops of the first compartments are connected to the top hinges connected to the tops of the adjacent compartments through the articulated connection device;
  • the tops of the tail cars and the tops of adjacent cars are connected through the hinged connection device connected to the tops of the tail cars to the upper hinges connected to the tops of the adjacent cars.
  • the two ends of the support beam in the articulated connection device respectively extend along the width direction of the carriage, and the connection beams connected at both ends of the support beam are connected to the side edges in the width direction of the carriage.
  • the top of the first compartment is connected to one of the hinged connection devices by riveting;
  • the top of the tail car is connected with another hinged connection device by riveting.
  • the present invention provides a carriage hinge device and a tram.
  • the carriage hinge connection device includes a connection component and a mounting portion, and the connection component is respectively connected to one end of the mounting portion and the top of the first or tail carriage. The other end is connected with a hinge device for connecting with the top of the first or the tail car.
  • the inclined surface can be fixedly connected to the connection surface of the vertical hinges. Since the hinged connection device on the top of the first or tail car has the inclined surface, lifting the tail upwards so that the slope is perpendicular to the ground, and after the connection and installation of the hinged device, the first or tail car will be correspondingly installed. Tilt upwards, and the vehicle as a whole will be in the shape of an arch bridge after installation, so that the entire vehicle has a fixed pre-upward deflection, which avoids the problem of large axle weight deviation caused by the deformation of the vehicle due to the increase in passenger capacity, and solves the current problem.
  • the upper hinged connection structure used by some trams fails to solve the problem of the axle load deviation caused by the deflection of the vehicle body caused by the increase in passenger capacity, which affects the normal operation of the vehicle, and is beneficial to the traction and braking force of the vehicle. Play.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional transfer connection base
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a hinged connection device according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a hinged connection device connected to the hinged device according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a mounting portion in a hinged connection device according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • connection component in a hinged connection device according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a hinged connection device connected to the top of the first compartment in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a support beam in a hinged connection device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a tram provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Connecting component-10 connecting beam-11, supporting beam-12, reinforcement plate-121, mounting portion-20, inclined surface-21, mounting plate-22, reinforcing member-23, bottom connection plate-221, mounting panel-222, First car -30, Tail car -40, Hinging device-50, Bogie -60, Lower hinging device -70, Upper hinging device -80, Middle car -90, Hinging device 100, Side edge -301, 302 , Install the vertical plate -111, the top plate -112, the side plate -113, and the bottom plate -114.
  • the present invention provides a carriage articulated connection device, which can be used for transportation vehicles such as trams, articulated buses, and articulated car groups. It is mainly used to connect the first carriage or the tail carriage when the carriages are spliced and installed.
  • the top is connected to the articulation device connected to the top of the adjacent car, which can realize the setting of the vehicle's pre-deflection, and solves the problem of axle load deviation caused by the deformation of the vehicle body caused by the increase in passenger capacity. Conducive to vehicle traction and braking force.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a hinged connection device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a hinged connection device connected to the hinged device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a mounting portion in the hinged connection device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a connection component in a hinged connection device according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a hinged connection device connected to the top of a first compartment in the embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a hinged connection device according to an embodiment of the present invention Structural diagram of the middle support beam.
  • the cabin hinge connection device 100 includes: a connecting component 10 and a mounting portion 20.
  • the connecting component 10 is used to connect the mounting portion 20 with the top of the first compartment 30 or the tail compartment 40.
  • the connecting component 10 It is connected to one end of the mounting portion 20 and the top of the first car 30 or the tail car 40, respectively.
  • the mounting portion 20 is used to connect the hinge device 50 connected to the top of the car adjacent to the first car 30 or the tail car 40 to the connection assembly 10 connected to the top of the first car 30 or the tail car 40 so as to connect the first car 30 Or the tail car 40 is connected to an adjacent car.
  • the car articulated connection device 100 is applied to a tram.
  • the tram takes three cars as an example, and the first car 30 is respectively.
  • Tail car 40 and middle car 90 are connected to the top of the car with a hinged connection device 100, and the top of both ends of the middle car 90 are connected to the hinged device 80.
  • the device 100 is connected to the hinge device 80, so that the first car 30 and the middle car 90 can be connected, and the middle car 90 and the rear car 40 can be connected, and three cars can be connected.
  • the carriages of the tram include, but are not limited to, the above three carriages.
  • the carriages may include four carriages, namely the first carriage 30, the first carriage adjacent carriage, the tail carriage adjacent carriage, and the tail carriage 40.
  • the top of the first compartment 30 and the rear compartment 40 are connected to the cabin hinge connection device 100.
  • the first compartment adjacent to the compartment and the tail compartment adjacent to the top of the compartment are connected to the hinges 80 at both ends.
  • the first compartment 30 passes through the top of the compartment.
  • the connected hinge connection device 100 is connected to the hinge device 80 connected to the top end of the adjacent compartment of the first compartment
  • the tail carriage 40 is connected to the hinge device 80 connected to the top end of the adjacent compartment to the rear compartment through the hinge connection assembly 100 connected at the top.
  • the other end of the mounting portion 20 is used to connect with the hinge device 50 connected to the top of the adjacent compartment (for example, the middle compartment 90) of the first compartment 30 or the rear compartment 40.
  • the inclined surface 21 forms a fixed angle with the connecting surface of the hinge device 50.
  • the bottom of the end surface of the mounting portion 20 connected to the hinge device 50 is inclined toward the first compartment 30 or the tail compartment 40, and a fixed angle is formed between the inclined surface 21 and the connection surface of the vertical hinge device 50.
  • the rear ends of the first compartment 30 and the rear compartment 40 are raised to a certain height, so that the inclined surface 21 is perpendicular to the ground, and then will be adjacent to the first compartment 30 or the adjacent compartment 40 Raise the same height horizontally to keep the hinge device 50 connected to the top of the adjacent compartment horizontal. At this time, the inclined surface 21 and the connection surface of the vertical hinge device 50 can be fixedly connected.
  • the hinged connection device 100 at the top of the first compartment 30 or the rear compartment 40 has the inclined surface 21, the rear portion is lifted up so that the inclined surface 21 is perpendicular to the ground and connected to the hinged device 50, which makes the first compartment 30 Or the tail carriage 40 is inclined upwards correspondingly to form a certain angle with the horizontal ground.
  • the vehicle as a whole is in the shape of an arch bridge, as shown in FIG.
  • the car has a fixed pre-upward deflection, which avoids the deformation of the vehicle caused by the increase in the number of passengers, thereby solving the problem of the vehicle axle weight deviation increasing with the increase in the number of passengers, ensuring the normal operation of the vehicle, and is beneficial to the vehicle.
  • Vehicle traction and braking force is provided at the top of the first compartment 30 or the rear compartment 40 .
  • the connecting surface of the inclined surface 21 and the hinge device 50 is fixedly connected.
  • the fixed connection method may be a non-detachable method such as welding, or a rivet or bolt. Nuts and other detachable connections.
  • a fixed included angle is formed between the inclined surface 21 and the connecting surface of the articulation device 50, and the degree of the included angle can be determined according to a combined analysis of the condition characteristics of the vehicle's running line, the size of the vehicle outline, and the characteristics of the vehicle.
  • the cabin hinge connection device 100 provided by the present invention includes a connecting component 10 and a mounting portion 20, which are connected to one end of the mounting portion 20 and the top of the first compartment 30 or the tail compartment 40, respectively. One end is connected to a hinge device 50 connected to the top of the first compartment 30 or the tail compartment 40 adjacent to the top.
  • a hinge device 50 By setting the end surface of the connecting portion 20 and the hinge device 50 as the inclined surface 21, a fixed angle is formed between the inclined surface 21 and the connecting surface of the hinge device 50, so that when the vehicle compartment is spliced and installed, the first compartment 30 is assembled.
  • the tail of the tail car 40 is raised to a certain height, so that the inclined surface 21 is perpendicular to the ground, and then the car adjacent to the first car 30 or the tail car 40 is horizontally jacked up to the same height, keeping the top of the adjacent car connected.
  • the hinge device 50 is horizontal. At this time, the connecting surface of the inclined surface 21 and the vertical hinge device 50 is fixedly connected. Since the articulated connection device 100 connected to the first compartment 30 or the rear compartment 40 has the inclined surface 21, the rear portion is lifted up so that the inclined surface 21 is perpendicular to the ground and is connected to the horizontal adjacent compartment that is raised.
  • the whole vehicle is in the shape of an upper arch bridge, so that the entire vehicle has a fixed pre-upward deflection, which avoids the problem of large axle weight deviation caused by the deformation of the vehicle caused by the increase in passenger capacity, and reduces the occurrence of idling and skid of the vehicle.
  • This phenomenon solves the existing upper hinged connection structure used by trams, fails to solve the problem of the axle load deviation caused by the deflection of the car body caused by the increase in passenger capacity, and then affects the normal operation of the vehicle. Vehicle traction and braking force.
  • the mounting portion 20 includes a mounting plate 22 and several reinforcing members 23 connected to each other, and the mounting plate 22 and the reinforcing member 23
  • the bottom surface and the end surface of the reinforcing member 23 facing the hinge device 50 are connected, and the end of the mounting plate 22 connected to the end surface of the reinforcement member 23 is used to connect with the hinge device 50.
  • the inclined surface 21 is located on the end surface of the mounting plate 22 connected to the hinge device 50.
  • the mounting portion 20 is formed by connecting the bottom surface of several interconnected reinforcement members 23 and the end surface facing the hinge device 50 to the mounting plate 20.
  • the end of the reinforcement member 23 facing the first compartment 30 or the rear compartment 40 is connected to the connection assembly 10.
  • One end of the mounting plate 22 connected to the bottom surface of the reinforcing member 23 is also connected to the connection assembly 10.
  • the mounting plate 22 connected to the end surface of the reinforcing member 23 is used to connect with the connecting surface of the hinge device 50.
  • An inclined surface 21 is provided on the end surface of the end of the mounting plate 22 connected to the hinge device 50, so that the end where the mounting portion 20 is connected to the hinge device 50 A fixed angle is formed between the end surface and the connecting surface of the hinge device 50, so that the pre-deflection setting can be achieved when the carriages are spliced and installed.
  • the material, shape, and size of the reinforcing member 23 there are no other requirements for the material, shape, and size of the reinforcing member 23, and it is only necessary to ensure that it has a good strength, such as channel steel.
  • the material, shape, and size of the mounting plate 22 It can also be modified according to the shape and size of the reinforcing plate to meet different use occasions.
  • the mounting plate 22 can use a bendable plate with a certain strength. After bending at a desired angle, it is connected with the reinforcing member. 23 Make the connection settings.
  • the connection methods between the several reinforcing members 23 and the connection methods between the mounting plate 22 and the reinforcing members 23 may be non-detachable connection methods or detachable connection methods such as welding, riveting, and the like.
  • the mounting plate 22 includes a bottom connection plate 221 connected to the bottom surface of the reinforcing member 23 and an inclined mounting panel 222 connected to the end surface of the reinforcing member 23, and the bottom One end of the connecting plate 221 is connected to the bottom end of the mounting panel 222.
  • the mounting plate 22 is composed of a bottom connection plate 221 connected to the bottom surface of the reinforcing member 23 and a mounting panel 222 connected to the end surface of the reinforcement member 23.
  • the bottom connection plate 221 is connected to the mounting panel 222, and the mounting panel 222 is an inclined surface of the mounting portion 20. 21, for connecting with the connecting surface of the hinge device 50.
  • the bottom connection plate 221 and the mounting panel 222 There are no other requirements on the shape and size of the bottom connection plate 221 and the mounting panel 222. It is only necessary to ensure that the bottom surface of the bottom connection plate 221 is horizontal and that the end surface of the one end of the connection between the mounting panel 222 and the hinge device 50 is the inclined surface 21.
  • the mounting plate 22 includes a bottom connection plate 221 connected to the bottom surface of the reinforcing member 23 and a mounting panel 222 for connecting with the hinge device 50.
  • the top end is rotatably connected to the top end of the reinforcing member 23, and the bottom end of the mounting panel 222 is detachably connected to the bottom connection plate 221.
  • the top of the mounting panel 222 is rotatably connected to the top of the reinforcing member 23, and the bottom end of the mounting panel 222 is fixedly connected to the bottom connection plate 221 in a detachable manner.
  • the mounting panel 222 can be inclined at different angles according to different connection positions.
  • connection plate 221 is detachably connected, that is, the connection between the lower end of the installation panel 222 and the bottom connection plate 221 can be removed, and the installation panel 222 can be rotated to adjust the installation panel 222 to a desired angle, and then can be connected and fixed in a detachable manner.
  • the lower end of the panel 222 and the bottom connection plate 221 are installed, so as to realize flexible adjustment of the deflection on the vehicle, so that the vehicle has good flexibility and applicability.
  • the rotation connection between the top end of the mounting panel 222 and the top end of the reinforcing member 23 may be a connection method such as pin connection, hinge connection, and the like.
  • a threaded nut, screw buckle, etc. may be used between the bottom end of the mounting panel 222 and the bottom connection plate 221 Removable connection.
  • a limit block is provided on an end of the bottom connection plate 221 near the installation panel 222, and the limit block is used to align the bottom end of the installation panel 222 with the bottom connection plate 221.
  • the connection position is limited.
  • a limiting block is provided on the end of the bottom connection plate 221 near the mounting panel 222, and the connection position of the mounting panel 222 and the bottom connection plate 221 is restricted by the limiting block, thereby limiting the inclination of the mounting panel 222 and fixing the mounting panel 222 The angle formed with the hinge device 50.
  • the limiting block can be slid on the bottom connection plate 221, and can be snap-fixed when needed, so as to achieve a detachable connection between the mounting panel 222 and the bottom connection plate 221, thereby achieving a flexible setting of the tilt angle of the mounting panel 222 .
  • the number of the limiting blocks may be one or more.
  • the limiting block is located on the bottom joint plate 221 near the end surface of the end where the mounting panel 222 is connected to the hinge device 50.
  • the number of the limiting blocks is multiple, they can be distributed on the end plate 221 near the end surface of the end of the mounting panel 222 that is connected to the hinge device 50, or on both sides of the mounting panel 222. Multiple limiting blocks help In order to increase the strength of the limit and improve the stability of the connection.
  • the connection assembly 10 includes a support beam 12 and connection beams 11 at both ends of the support beam 12, and the connection beam 11 is used to communicate with the carriage. Connected, one end of the mounting portion 20 is connected to the middle portion of the support beam 12.
  • the connecting assembly 10 is composed of a supporting beam 12 and a connecting beam 11.
  • the connecting beam 11 at both ends of the supporting beam 12 can be vertically arranged with the supporting beam 12.
  • the middle portion of the supporting beam 12 is connected to one end of the mounting portion 20, as shown in FIG. 6.
  • the stress transmitted through the hinged connection seat can be large.
  • the hinged connection seat is mostly connected to the middle of the top of the carriage, which solves the problem of stress concentration in the middle of the top of the vehicle and affects the local fatigue life of the vehicle, which improves the Vehicle safety.
  • connection method between the connecting beam 11 and the supporting beam 12 is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the connecting beam 11 and the supporting beam 12 can be connected and then connected to the top of the car.
  • the connecting beam 11 and The connection method between the tops of the carriages can be welding or riveting.
  • the supporting beam 12 is further provided with a reinforcing plate 121, and the reinforcing plate 121 is also used to connect with the top of the carriage.
  • the reinforcement plate 121 is connected to the support beam 12.
  • the reinforcement plate 121 strengthens the connection strength between the connection assembly 10 and the top of the carriage, thereby strengthening The connection between the hinge device 50 and the top of the carriage.
  • the reinforcing plate 121 is connected to the support beam 12 and the top of the carriage, respectively, which can disperse the stress received by the support beam 12 and further partially stress the roof. Scatter to avoid stress concentration. Therefore, the provision of the reinforcing plate 121 contributes to improving the safety of use of the vehicle.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a tram provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • the present invention also provides a tram, including at least three carriages.
  • the tram includes three carriages and is a three-pass group tram.
  • the tram also includes two of the above-mentioned implementations.
  • a bogie 60 is provided below the first and last cars 30 and 40 of the tram, and the bottom end between adjacent two cars is connected by a lower hinge 70, except for the first Outside the compartment 30 and the compartment 40, the tops of other compartments and adjacent compartments are connected by an upper hinge 80.
  • the top of the first compartment 30 and the top of the adjacent compartment are connected to each other by an articulated connection device 100 connected to the top of the first compartment 30 and an upper hinge 80 connected to the top of the adjacent compartment.
  • the top of the first compartment 30 is connected with a hinged connection device 100
  • the top of one end of the middle compartment 90 is connected with a hinged device 80.
  • the hinged connection device 100 By connecting the hinged connection device 100 with the hinged device 80, the first compartment 30 can be connected with the middle compartment 90 .
  • the top of the tail car 40 and the top of the adjacent car are connected by an articulated connection device connected to the top of the tail car 40 and the upper hinge 80 connected to the top of the adjacent car.
  • the top of the tail car 40 is connected to the car.
  • the articulated connection device 100 is connected with the articulated device 80 on the top of the other end of the middle compartment 90. By connecting the articulated connection device 100 to the articulated device 80, the rear compartment 40 and the intermediate compartment 90 can be connected, thereby connecting the three compartments. .
  • the mounting portion 20 of the articulated connection device 100 is used to connect to the articulated device 50, and the end surface of the end of the mounting portion 20 connected to the articulated device 50 is the inclined surface 21, when performing splicing installation, the first car 30 or the tail car
  • the tail of 40 is raised to a certain height, so that the inclined surface 21 is perpendicular to the ground, and then the car adjacent to the first car 30 or the tail car 40 is horizontally jacked up to the same height, and the hinge device 50 connected to the top of the adjacent car is maintained.
  • the inclined surface 21 and the connecting surface of the vertical hinge device 50 can be fixedly connected at this time.
  • the articulated connection device 100 connected to the first compartment 30 or the rear compartment 40 has the inclined surface 21, the rear portion is lifted up so that the inclined surface 21 is perpendicular to the ground and connected to the horizontal adjacent compartment that is raised.
  • the vehicle as a whole forms an upper arch bridge, so that the entire vehicle has a fixed pre-upward deflection, which avoids the problem of large axle weight deviation caused by the deformation of the vehicle caused by the increase in passenger capacity, and reduces the occurrence of idling, Slipping, etc., solved the existing upper hinged connection structure used by trams, failed to solve the problem of axle load deviation caused by the deflection of the car body caused by the increase in passenger capacity, and then affected the normal operation of the vehicle. Conducive to vehicle traction and braking force.
  • an upper hinge device 80 is connected between the adjacent compartments of the tram, so as to limit the freedom of nodding between the compartments, which helps reduce the deflection caused by the weight of the vehicle body. Helps reduce axle load deviation caused by deflection of car body.
  • Bogies 60 are provided under the first car 30 and the tail car 40. The arrangement method of the two bogies 60 is adopted. Because the bogie 60 itself is heavy and passengers cannot stand above the bogie 60 area, it is different from the existing car. Compared with the setting of the multi-bogie 60, while reducing the weight of the vehicle itself, it can increase the interval for passengers to stand, which is conducive to improving the passenger capacity of the vehicle.
  • the positional relationship between the bogie 60 and the carriage can be optimally determined by calculating the internal and external offset of the carriage when passing the line horizontal curve according to the characteristics of the line conditions, vehicle outline dimensions, and vehicle characteristics.
  • the difference in the distance between the head and the tail of the carriage affects the problems of vehicle boundaries, vehicle weight, and passenger carrying capacity.
  • connection assembly in the articulated connection device 100 is connected to the top of the first car 30 or the tail car 40, wherein the support beams 12 and The connecting beam 11 is located at the top of the carriage.
  • the two ends of the supporting beam 12 in the connecting assembly 10 respectively extend along the width direction of the carriage (see FIG. 6), and the connecting beam 11 connected at both ends of the supporting beam 12. It is connected to the side edge in the width direction of the carriage.
  • one end of the support beam 12 is connected to the side edge 301 in the width direction of the carriage through the connection beam 11, and the other end of the support beam 12 is connected to the width direction of the carriage through the connection beam 11.
  • the other side edge 302 on the upper side is connected.
  • the support beam 12 When the support beam 12 is arranged along the width direction of the compartment, and the connecting beams 11 at both ends are connected to the side edge in the width direction of the compartment, so that the vehicle is pulled through the hinged connection seat Most of the transmitted stress can be dispersed to the ends of the side edges in the width direction of the compartment, which solves the problem of stress concentration in the middle of the top of the vehicle and affects the local fatigue life of the vehicle, which improves the vehicle's performance. Use security.
  • the top of the first compartment 30 is connected to one of the articulated connection devices 100 by riveting
  • the top of the rear compartment 40 is connected to the other articulated connection device 100 by riveting
  • the top of the first carriage 30 is connected with the connecting beam 11 in the articulated connection device 100 by riveting
  • the top of the rear carriage 40 is connected with the connection beam 11 in the articulated connection device 100 by riveting
  • the articulated connection device 100 When connected to the first car 30 and the tail car 40 by riveting, respectively, compared with the conventional welding of conventional trams, the joints can be used to reduce the amount of welding during vehicle splicing and installation.
  • the deformation of the top of the carriage caused by it ensures the dimensional accuracy of the carriage installation.
  • the total vehicle length is 23.8m
  • the maximum axle weight of the bogie 60 is 11.6t
  • the passenger capacity needs not less than 220 people per car.
  • the upper hinge device 80 adopted for the first compartment 30 and the tail carriage 40 between adjacent compartments is a rotary hinge
  • the lower hinge device 70 employed is a fixed hinge.
  • the top hinges 80 of the first carriage 30 and the tail carriage 40 are connected to the tops of the adjacent carriages via the hinge connection device 100 provided by the present invention.
  • the Dalian 202 tram is fully loaded.
  • the vehicle will flex 10mm. Therefore, the angle between the inclined end of the end of the mounting portion 20 of the articulated connection device 100 and the articulated device 50 and the connecting surface of the articulated device 50 is 3 °, and the connection point is set at a distance from At the 531mm end of the vehicle, after the vehicle is assembled, the vehicle has a 12mm pre-deflection.
  • the vehicle can pass a horizontal curve with a minimum radius of 25m and a vertical curve with a minimum radius of 1000m.
  • the vehicle's own weight is 30t and the entire vehicle weight is 16t.
  • the axle weight deviation is 2%, and the axle weight deviation does not change with the change of passenger capacity.

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Abstract

一种车厢铰接连接装置及有轨电车，铰接连接装置（100）包括连接组件（10）和安装部（20），连接组件（10）分别与安装部（20）的一端以及首节车厢（30）或尾节车厢（40）的顶部相连，安装部（20）的另一端用于与首节车厢（30）或尾节车厢（40）相邻的车厢顶部连接的铰接装置（50）相连，且安装部（20）与铰接装置（50）连接的一端端面为斜面（21），斜面（21）与铰接装置（50）的连接面之间形成固定夹角。通过将安装部（20）与铰接装置（50）连接的一端端面设为斜面（21），在拼接时将首节车厢（30）和尾节车厢（40）尾部顶起，以使斜面（21）与地面垂直并与铰接装置（50）连接，使安装后的车辆成上拱桥形，整车具有固定的预上挠度，解决了随载客量增加引起车体挠度变形而导致的轴重偏差，进而影响车辆正常运行的问题。

Description

一种车厢铰接连接装置及有轨电车 技术领域
本发明涉及交通车辆，尤其涉及一种车厢铰接连接装置及有轨电车。
背景技术
有轨电车作为一种中等运量交通工具，可填补公共汽车与地铁运量间的空白，其整车长度较短，运行在城市现有路面上更加方便、灵活，特别适合用作中小城市的干线交通和大城市的支线交通，现代的有轨电车具有方便快捷、安全舒适、节能环保、投资费用低、建设周期短、与城市环境适应性强等优点，是名副其实的“绿色交通工具”。
有轨电车通常设有多节车厢，相邻辆车厢分别通过铰接连接座与铰接装置连接，从而将各节车厢拼接起来。以三节编组有轨电车为例，该车辆包括三节车厢，其中，首节车厢和尾节车厢车厢下方设有转向架，中间车厢为悬浮车，限制首节车厢与中间车厢间沿X、Y、Z三个方向的平移、侧滚(绕Y轴转动)、点头自由度，限制中间车厢与尾节车厢间沿X、Y、Z三个方向的平移、侧滚(绕Y轴转动)自由度，以实现车辆可通过各种线路曲线。然而，由于中间车厢与尾节车厢间垂直自由度未被限制，且中间车厢处于悬浮的状态，随着载客量的增多，在车厢本身及乘客的重量作用下，车辆会逐渐产生V字变形，从而造成更靠近中间车厢的车辆2轴、3轴的轴重明显大于1轴、4轴轴重，较大的轴重偏差在牵引及制动时，易发生空转、打滑等现象影响车辆的正常运行。针对这一问题，目前，现有技术中也有通过连接铰接装置来限制车厢间的点头自由度，其使用的铰接连接座如图1所示，该铰接连接座由安装立板、底板、侧板和顶板焊接而成，再通过塞焊、弧焊等方式，将底板设置在车厢顶一端中部，通过安装板即与铰接装置连接。
然而，通过现有技术中的铰接连接结构，将车厢连接成为一体，虽然可降低车厢自身重量带来的车体挠度变形，但随着载客量的增加，在载客量较大或客满等情况下，车辆仍会逐渐发生变形，而仍然存在载客量引起车体挠 度变形而带来轴重偏差的问题。
发明内容
本发明提供一种车厢铰接连接装置及有轨电车，以解决现有的有轨电车使用的上部铰接连接结构，未能解决随着载客量增加引起的车体挠度变形而导致的轴重偏差，进而影响车辆正常运行的问题。
本发明提供一种车厢铰接连接装置，包括：
连接组件和安装部，所述连接组件分别与所述安装部的一端以及首节车厢或尾节车厢的顶部相连，所述安装部的另一端用于与所述首节车厢或所述尾节车厢相邻的车厢顶部连接的铰接装置相连，且所述安装部与所述铰接装置连接的一端端面为斜面，所述斜面与所述铰接装置的连接面之间形成固定夹角。
本发明的具体实施方式中，所述安装部包括安装板和若干个相互连接的加强件，所述安装板与所述加强件的底面以及所述加强件朝向所述铰接装置的一端端面连接，且所述安装板与所述加强件端面相连的一端用于与所述铰接装置相连，所述斜面位于所述安装板与所述铰接装置相连的一端端面上。
本发明的具体实施方式中，所述安装板包括与所述加强件的底面相连的底接板和与所述加强件端面相连且呈倾斜的安装面板，且所述底接板的一端与所述安装面板的底端相连。
本发明的具体实施方式中，所述安装板包括与所述加强件的底面相连的底接板以及用于与所述铰接装置相连的安装面板，所述安装面板的顶端与所述加强件的顶端转动连接，所述安装面板的底端与所述底接板可拆卸连接。
本发明的具体实施方式中，所述底接板靠近所述安装面板的一端上设有限位块，所述限位块用于对所述安装面板的底端与所述底接板的连接位置进行限位。
本发明的具体实施方式中，所述连接组件包括支撑梁以及位于所述支撑梁两端的连接梁，所述连接梁用于与所述车厢相连，所述安装部的一端与所述支撑梁的中部连接。
本发明的具体实施方式中，所述支撑梁上还设有加固板，且所述加固板还用于与所述车厢的顶部相连。
本发明还提供一种有轨电车，包括至少三节车厢，包括上述权利要求1-7所述的两个铰接连接装置，其中，所述两个铰接连接装置分别与所述首节车厢和尾节车厢的顶部相连，所述有轨电车的首节车厢与尾节车厢下方均设有转向架，相邻两车厢间的底端通过下部铰接装置相连，所述首节车厢的顶部与相邻车厢的顶部之间通过所述首节车厢顶端连接的所述铰接连接装置与所述相邻车厢顶端上连接的上部铰接装置连接；
所述尾节车厢的顶部与相邻车厢的顶部之间通过所述尾节车厢顶端连接的所述铰接连接装置与相邻车厢顶端上连接的上部铰接装置连接。
本发明的具体实施方式中，所述铰接连接装置中的支撑梁的两端分别沿着车厢的宽度方向延伸，且所述支撑梁两端连接的连接梁与车厢宽度方向上的侧边缘相连。
本发明的具体实施方式中，所述首节车厢的顶部与其中一个所述铰接连接装置通过铆接连接；
所述尾节车厢的顶部与另一个所述铰接连接装置通过铆接连接。
本发明提供的一种车厢铰接装置及有轨电车，该车厢铰接连接装置包括连接组件和安装部，该连接组件分别与安装部的一端以及首节车厢或尾节车厢的顶部相连，安装部的另一端用于与首节车厢或尾节车厢相邻的车厢顶部连接的铰接装置相连。通过将该安装部与铰接装置连接的一端端面设为斜面，在进行车辆车厢拼接安装时，将首节车厢和尾节车厢的尾部顶起一定高度，使该斜面与地面垂直，然后将与该首节车厢或尾节车厢相邻的车厢水平顶起同样的高度，保持相邻车厢顶部连接的铰接装置水平，此时即可将该斜面与竖直的铰接装置的连接面固定连接。由于首节车厢或尾节车厢顶部的铰接连接装置具有该斜面，将其尾部向上顶起以使该斜面与地面垂直，并与铰接装置连接安装后，会使首节车厢或尾节车厢相应的向上倾斜，安装后车辆整体成上拱桥形，从而使整车具有固定的预上挠度，避免了由于载客量的增多引起车辆的变形，而导致的轴重偏差较大的问题，解决了现有的有轨电车使用的上部铰接连接结构，未能解决随着载客量增加引起的车体挠度变形而导致的轴重偏差，进而影响车辆正常运行的问题，同时有利于车辆牵引、制动力的发挥。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作一简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是现有的一种交接连接座的结构示意图；
图2是本发明实施例一铰接连接装置的结构示意图；
图3是本发明实施例一铰接连接装置与铰接装置连接的示意图；
图4是本发明实施例一铰接连接装置中安装部的结构示意图；
图5是本发明实施例一铰接连接装置中连接组件的结构示意图；
图6是本发明实施例一铰接连接装置与首节车厢顶部连接的示意图；
图7是本发明实施例一铰接连接装置中支撑梁的结构示意图；
图8是本发明实施例二提供的有轨电车的结构示意图。
附图标记说明：
连接组件-10，连接梁-11，支撑梁-12，加固板-121，安装部-20，斜面-21，安装板-22，加强件-23，底接板-221，安装面板-222，首节车厢-30，尾节车厢-40，铰接装置-50，转向架-60，下部铰接装置-70，上部铰接装置-80，中间车厢-90，铰接连接装置100，侧边缘-301、302，安装立板-111，顶板-112，侧板-113，底板-114。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明提供的一种车厢铰接连接装置，可以用于有轨电车、铰接式客车、铰接车组等交通运输工具上，主要用于在车辆车厢拼接安装时，将首节车厢或尾节车厢的顶部与相邻车厢顶部连接的铰接装置相连，可实现车辆预上挠度的设置，解决了由于载客量增多引起的车体变形而导致的轴重偏差的问题， 保证了车辆正常运行的同时，有利于车辆牵引、制动力的发挥。
实施例一
图2是本发明实施例一铰接连接装置的结构示意图，图3是本发明实施例一铰接连接装置与铰接装置连接的示意图，图4是本发明实施例一铰接连接装置中安装部的结构示意图，图5是本发明实施例一铰接连接装置中连接组件的结构示意图，图6是本发明实施例一铰接连接装置与首节车厢顶部连接的示意图，图7是本发明实施例一铰接连接装置中支撑梁的结构示意图。
如图2-图7所示，车厢铰接连接装置100包括：连接组件10和安装部20，连接组件10用于将安装部20与首节车厢30或尾节车厢40顶部相连，该连接组件10分别与安装部20的一端以及首节车厢30或尾节车厢40的顶部相连。安装部20用于将与首节车厢30或尾节车厢40相邻的车厢顶部连接的铰接装置50与首节车厢30或尾节车厢40顶部连接的连接组件10相连，从而将首节车厢30或尾节车厢40与相邻的车厢进行连接，举例来说，参见图8所示，车厢铰接连接装置100应用在有轨电车上，有轨电车具体以三节车厢为例，分别为首节车厢30、尾节车厢40和中间车厢90，其中，首节车厢30和尾节车厢40的顶部均连接有车厢铰接连接装置100，中间车厢90的两端顶部上连接有铰接装置80，通过将铰接连接装置100与铰接装置80相连，即可使首节车厢30和中间车厢90相连，中间车厢90和尾节车厢40相连，即可将三节车厢进行连接。
需要说明的是，有轨电车的车厢包括但不限于上述三节车厢，例如可以包括四节车厢，分别为首节车厢30、首节车厢相邻车厢、尾节车厢相邻车厢、尾节车厢40，首节车厢30和尾节车厢40的顶部均连接有车厢铰接连接装置100，首节车厢相邻车厢、尾节车厢相邻车厢顶部两端均连接有铰接装置80，首节车厢30通过其顶部连接的铰接连接装置100与首节车厢相邻车厢顶部一端连接的铰接装置80相连，尾节车厢40通过其顶部连接的铰接连接装置100与尾节车厢相邻车厢顶部一端连接的铰接装置80相连，首节车厢相邻车厢顶部另一端连接的铰接装置80与尾节车厢相邻车厢顶部另一端连接的铰接装置80相连，即可将四节车厢进行连接。
安装部20的另一端用于与首节车厢30或尾节车厢40的相邻车厢(例如中间车厢90)顶部连接的铰接装置50相连，且该安装部20与铰接装置50 连接的一端端面为斜面21，该斜面21与铰接装置50的连接面之间形成固定夹角。其中，安装部20与铰接装置50连接的一端端面的底部朝向首节车厢30或尾节车厢40的方向倾斜，该倾斜面21与竖直的铰接装置50的连接面间形成固定夹角。
在进行车辆车厢拼接安装时，将首节车厢30和尾节车厢40的尾部顶起一定高度，使该斜面21与地面垂直，然后将与该首节车厢30或尾节车厢40的相邻车厢水平顶起同样的高度，保持相邻车厢顶部连接的铰接装置50水平，此时即可将该斜面21与竖直的铰接装置50的连接面固定连接。由于首节车厢30或尾节车厢40顶部的铰接连接装置100具有该斜面21，将其尾部向上顶起以使该斜面21与地面垂直，并与铰接装置50相连时，会使首节车厢30或尾节车厢40相应的向上倾斜，与水平地面间形成一定的夹角，与顶起的水平的相邻车厢连接安装后，车辆整体成上拱桥形，如图8中所示，从而使整车具有固定的预上挠度，避免了由于载客量的增多而引起的车辆变形，从而解决了车辆轴重偏差随载客量增多而增大的问题，保证了车辆的正常运行，同时有利于车辆牵引、制动力的发挥。
在本实施例中，在车辆的拼接安装时，要将斜面21与铰接装置50的连接面进行固定连接，其固定连接的方式可以是通过焊接等不可拆卸的方式，也可以是通过铆钉、螺栓螺母等可拆卸的方式连接。
需要说明的是，斜面21与铰接装置50的连接面之间形成固定夹角，该夹角的度数可根据结合分析车辆运行线路条件特性、车辆轮廓尺寸以及车辆特性等确定。
本发明提供的车厢铰接连接装置100，通过包括连接组件10和安装部20，该连接组件10分别与安装部20的一端以及首节车厢30或尾节车厢40的顶部相连，安装部20的另一端用于与首节车厢30或尾节车厢40相邻的车厢顶部连接的铰接装置50相连。通过将该安装部20与铰接装置50连接的一端端面设为斜面21，使斜面21与铰接装置50的连接面之间形成固定夹角，这样在进行车辆车厢拼接安装时，将首节车厢30或尾节车厢40的尾部顶起一定高度，使该斜面21与地面垂直，然后将与该首节车厢30或尾节车厢40相邻的车厢水平顶起同样的高度，保持相邻车厢顶部连接的铰接装置50水平，此时即将该斜面21与竖直的铰接装置50的连接面固定连接。由于首节车厢30 或尾节车厢40连接的铰接连接装置100具有该斜面21，将其尾部向上顶起以使该斜面21与地面垂直，并与顶起的水平的相邻车厢连接安装后，车辆整体成上拱桥形，从而使整车具有固定的预上挠度，避免了由于载客量的增多引起车辆的变形，而导致的轴重偏差较大的问题，减少了车辆发生空转、打滑等现象，解决了现有的有轨电车使用的上部铰接连接结构，未能解决随着载客量增加引起的车体挠度变形而导致的轴重偏差，进而影响车辆正常运行的问题，同时有利于车辆牵引、制动力的发挥。
如图3和图4所示，进一步的，在上述实施例的基础上，在本实施例中，安装部20包括安装板22和若干个相互连接的加强件23，安装板22与加强件23的底面以及加强件23朝向铰接装置50的一端端面连接，且安装板22与加强件23端面相连的一端用于与铰接装置50相连，斜面21位于安装板22与铰接装置50相连的一端端面上。将若干个相互连接的加强件23底面及朝向铰接装置50的一端端面连接安装板22即构成了安装部20，加强件23朝向首节车厢30或尾节车厢40的一端与连接组件10相连，且与加强件23底面连接的安装板22的一端也与连接组件10连接。与加强件23端面相连的安装板22用于与铰接装置50的连接面相连，在安装板22与铰接装置50相连的一端端面上设置斜面21，从而使安装部20与铰接装置50连接的一端端面与铰接装置50的连接面间形成固定的夹角，进而在车厢拼接安装时，实现预上挠度的设置。
在本实施例中，对加强件23的材质、形状及大小并无其他要求，只须保证其具有较好的强力，如槽钢等，与之对应的，安装板22的材质、形状及大小也可根据加强板的形状、大小进行修改，以满足不同的使用场合，如安装板22可使用可弯折且具有一定强力的板材，按照所需的角度进行弯折后，将其与加强件23进行连接设置。另外，若干个加强件23间的连接方式以及安装板22与加强件23间的连接方式，可以是不可拆卸的连接方式，也可以是可拆卸的连接方式，如焊接、铆接等。
进一步的，在上述实施例的基础上，在本实施例中，安装板22包括与加强件23的底面相连的底接板221和与加强件23端面相连且呈倾斜的安装面板222，且底接板221的一端与安装面板222的底端相连。安装板22由与加强件23底面连接的底接板221和与加强件23端面连接的安装面板222组 成，该底接板221与安装面板222相连，该安装面板222即为安装部20的斜面21，用于与铰接装置50的连接面连接。对底接板221与安装面板222的形状大小并无其它要求，须保证底接板221的底面水平以及安装面板222与铰接装置50连接的一端端面为斜面21即可。
进一步的，在上述实施例的基础上，在本实施例中，安装板22包括与加强件23的底面相连的底接板221以及用于与铰接装置50相连的安装面板222，安装面板222的顶端与加强件23的顶端转动连接，安装面板222的底端与底接板221可拆卸连接。安装面板222顶端与加强件23顶端转动连接，其底端则通过可拆卸方式与底接板221固定连接，连接位置的不同，即可使安装面板222呈不同的角度倾斜。在不同的使用场景，如列车调配到另一路段行驶，该路段与原行驶路段的道路曲线等条件不同时，由于安装面板222顶端与加强件23顶端转动连接，安装面板222的底端与底接板221可拆卸连接，即可通过拆卸安装面板222低端与底接板221的连接，转动安装面板222，调整安装面板222使其倾斜到所需的角度，再通过可拆卸的方式连接固定安装面板222低端与底接板221，从而实现车辆上挠度的灵活调整，使车辆具有很好的灵活性和适用性。
在本实施例中，安装面板222顶端与加强件23顶端的转动连接可为销钉连接，铰接连接等连接方式，安装面板222底端与底接板221之间可使用螺纹螺母、螺钉卡扣等可拆卸的方式连接。
进一步的，在上述实施例的基础上，在本实施例中，底接板221靠近安装面板222的一端上设有限位块，限位块用于对安装面板222的底端与底接板221的连接位置进行限位。在底接板221靠近安装面板222的一端上设置限位块，通过限位块来限制安装面板222与底接板221的连接位置，从而限定了安装面板222的倾斜度，固定了安装面板222与铰接装置50间形成的夹角大小。该限位块可在该底接板221上滑动设置，在需要位置时可卡接固定，以实现安装面板222与底接板221的可拆卸连接，从而实现对安装面板222倾斜角度的灵活设置。
在本实施例中，限位块的数目可为一个或多个，限位块数目为一个时，该限位块位于底接板221上靠近安装面板222与铰接装置50连接的一端端面设置，该限位块数目为多个时，可分布在底接板221上靠近安装面板222与 铰接装置50连接的一端端面，也可分布在安装面板222的两侧，多个的限位块有助于提升限位的强力，提高连接的稳固性。
如图5-7所示，进一步的，在上述实施例的基础上，在本实施例中，连接组件10包括支撑梁12以及位于支撑梁12两端的连接梁11，连接梁11用于与车厢相连，安装部20的一端与支撑梁12的中部连接。该连接组件10由支撑梁12和连接梁11组成，可使支撑梁12两端的连接梁11与支撑梁12垂直设置，支撑梁12的中部与安装部20一端连接，如图6所示，在进行车厢拼接安装时，使支撑梁12沿着车厢的宽度方向延伸，并将连接梁11与车厢宽度方向上的侧边缘相连，在车辆行驶拉动中，通过铰接连接座传来的应力即可大部分的分散到车厢宽度方向的侧边缘两端，与现有技术中，铰接连接座多连接在车厢顶部的中部相比，解决了车辆顶部中部应力集中，影响车辆局部疲劳寿命的问题，提高了车辆使用安全性。
在本实施例中，连接梁11与支撑梁12的材质、形状及大小并无其他要求，只须满足连接梁11和支撑梁12具有较好的强力即可。连接梁11与支撑梁12间的连接方式在本实施例中也不做限定，在车厢拼接安装时，可将连接梁11与支撑梁12连接后再与车厢顶部连接，其中，连接梁11与车厢顶部间的连接方式可以是焊接，也可以是铆接等连接方式。
进一步的，在上述实施例的基础上，在本实施例中，支撑梁12上还设有加固板121，且所述加固板121还用于与所述车厢的顶部相连。加固板121与支撑梁12连接，在车厢拼接安装时，该加固板121还与车厢的顶部相连，一方面，该加固板121起到加固连接组件10与车厢顶部间连接强度的作用，从而加强铰接装置50与车厢顶部的连接作用，另一方面，加固板121分别与支撑梁12和车厢顶部相连，可起到分散支撑梁12受到的应力的作用，对车厢顶部受到的部分应力进行进一步的分散，避免应力集中现象的发生。因此，加固板121的设置有助于提高车辆的使用安全性。
实施例2
图8是本发明实施例二提供的有轨电车的结构示意图。
本发明还提供一种有轨电车，包括至少三节车厢，例如如图8所示，有轨电车包括三节车厢，为三遍组有轨电车，其中，有轨电车还包括两个上述 任一实施例中的铰接连接装置100，其中，两个铰接连接装置100分别与首节车厢30和尾节车厢40的顶部相连，即首节车厢30的顶部与其中一个铰接连接装置100相连，尾节车厢40的顶部与其中一个铰接连接装置100相连，有轨电车的首节车厢30与尾节车厢40下方均设有转向架60，相邻两车厢间的底端通过下部铰接装置70相连，除首节车厢30与尾节车厢40外，其它车厢与相邻的车厢间的顶部通过上部铰接装置80相连。
其中，首节车厢30的顶部与相邻车厢(即中间车厢90)的顶部之间通过首节车厢30顶端连接的铰接连接装置100与相邻车厢顶端上连接的上部铰接装置80连接，例如，首节车厢30的顶部连接有铰接连接装置100，中间车厢90的一端端顶部上连接有铰接装置80，通过将铰接连接装置100与铰接装置80相连，可将首节车厢30与中间车厢90连接。尾节车厢40的顶部与相邻车厢的顶部之间通过尾节车厢40顶端连接的铰接连接装置与相邻车厢顶端上连接的上部铰接装置80连接，例如，尾节车厢40的顶部连接有车厢铰接连接装置100，中间车厢90的另一端顶部上连接有铰接装置80，通过将铰接连接装置100与铰接装置80相连，即可使尾节车厢40和中间车厢90相连，从而将三节车厢进行连接。
由于该铰接连接装置100的安装部20用于与铰接装置50相连，而该安装部20与铰接装置50相连的一端端面为斜面21，在进行拼接安装时，将首节车厢30或尾节车厢40的尾部顶起一定高度，使该斜面21与地面垂直，然后将与该首节车厢30或尾节车厢40相邻的车厢水平顶起同样的高度，保持相邻车厢顶部连接的铰接装置50水平，此时即可将该斜面21与竖直的铰接装置50的连接面固定连接。由于首节车厢30或尾节车厢40连接的铰接连接装置100具有该倾斜面21，将其尾部向上顶起以使该倾斜面21与地面垂直，并与顶起的水平的相邻车厢连接后，该车辆整体形成上拱桥形，从而使整车具有固定的预上挠度，避免了由于载客量的增多引起车辆的变形，而导致的轴重偏差较大的问题，减少了车辆发生空转、打滑等现象，解决了现有的有轨电车使用的上部铰接连接结构，未能解决随着载客量增加引起的车体挠度变形而导致的轴重偏差，进而影响车辆正常运行的问题，同时有利于车辆牵引、制动力的发挥。
需要说明的是，在本实施例中，有轨电车的相邻车厢间均连接有上部铰 接装置80，以限定车厢间的点头自由度，有助于降低车体自重带来的挠度变形，有助于减小车体挠度变形引起的轴重偏差。首节车厢30与尾节车厢40下方均设有转向架60，采用两转向架60的布置方法，由于转向架60本身重量较大，且转向架60区域上方不能站立乘客，因此，与现有的多转向架60设置相比，在降低车辆自身重量的同时，可增加乘客站立的区间，有利于提升车辆的载客量。另外，转向架60与车厢的位置关系，可根据车辆行驶的线路条件特性、车辆轮廓尺寸以及车辆特性等计算车厢在通过线路水平曲线时的内外偏移量优化确定，从而避免由于转向架60距车厢头尾端的距离差而影响车辆限界、车辆自重及载客能力等问题。
进一步的，在上述实施例的基础上，在本实施例中，铰接连接装置100中的连接组件与首节车厢30或尾节车厢40的顶部相连，其中，连接组件10中的支撑梁12和连接梁11位于车厢的顶部，具体的，连接组件10中中的支撑梁12的两端分别沿着车厢的宽度方向(参见图6所示)延伸，且支撑梁12两端连接的连接梁11与车厢宽度方向上的侧边缘相连，如图6所示，支撑梁12的一端通过连接梁11与车厢宽度方向上的侧边缘301相连，支撑梁12的另一端通过连接梁11与车厢宽度方向上的另一侧边缘302相连，其中，当支撑梁12沿着车厢宽度方向设置，并将其两端的连接梁11与车厢宽度方向的侧边缘连接，这样在车辆行驶拉动中，通过铰接连接座传来的应力即可大部分的被分散到车厢宽度方向的侧边缘两端，解决了车辆顶部中部应力集中，影响车辆局部疲劳寿命的问题，提高了车辆使用安全性。
进一步的，在上述实施例的基础上，在本实施例中，首节车厢30的顶部与其中一个铰接连接装置100通过铆接连接，尾节车厢40的顶部与另一个铰接连接装置100通过铆接连接，具体的，首节车厢30的顶部与铰接连接装置100中的连接梁11通过铆接连接，尾节车厢40的顶部与铰接连接装置100中的连接梁11通过铆接连接，其中，铰接连接装置100分别通过铆接连接的方式与首节车厢30、尾节车厢40连接时，与现有的有轨电车常用焊接的方式连接铰接连接座相比，可减少车辆拼接安装时的焊接量，减少由于焊接引起的车厢顶部变形，保证了车厢安装的尺寸精度。
以大连202路有轨电车增购车项目为例，其车辆总长为23.8m，转向架60最大轴重为11.6t，载客量需求每辆车不少于220人。依据线路条件，结合 车辆特性和车辆外轮廓尺寸计算车辆轴重和通过曲线时的内外偏移量，采用三模块编组车型，两转向架60配置，两转向架60中心距12400mm，中间模块长4360mm。首节车厢30、尾节车厢40分别于相邻的车厢间采用的上部铰接装置80为转动铰，采用的下部铰接装置70为固定铰。
首节车厢30、尾节车厢40的顶部与相邻车厢顶部连接的上部铰接装置80分别通过本发明提供的铰接连接装置100相连，根据车辆静强度计算结果，大连202路有轨电车在满载状态，车辆会下挠10mm，因此，设置铰接连接装置100的安装部20与铰接装置50相连的一端倾斜端面与铰接装置50的连接面间的夹角大小为3°，并将连接点设置在距车端531mm处，车辆组装完成后，车辆具有12mm预上挠，该车辆能通过最小半径为25m的水平曲线，最小半径为1000m的竖曲线，该车辆的自重为30t，整车载重为16t，轴重偏差为2％，且轴重偏差不随载客量变化而变化。
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种车厢铰接连接装置，其特征在于，包括：
    连接组件和安装部，所述连接组件分别与所述安装部的一端以及首节车厢或尾节车厢的顶部相连，所述安装部的另一端用于与所述首节车厢或所述尾节车厢相邻的车厢顶部连接的铰接装置相连，且所述安装部与所述铰接装置连接的一端端面为斜面，所述斜面与所述铰接装置的连接面之间形成固定夹角。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的车厢铰接连接装置，其特征在于，所述安装部包括安装板和若干个相互连接的加强件，所述安装板与所述加强件的底面以及所述加强件朝向所述铰接装置的一端端面连接，且所述安装板与所述加强件端面相连的一端用于与所述铰接装置相连，所述斜面位于所述安装板与所述铰接装置相连的一端端面上。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的车厢铰接连接装置，其特征在于，所述安装板包括与所述加强件的底面相连的底接板和与所述加强件端面相连且呈倾斜的安装面板，且所述底接板的一端与所述安装面板的底端相连。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的车厢铰接连接装置，其特征在于，所述安装板包括与所述加强件的底面相连的底接板以及用于与所述铰接装置相连的安装面板，所述安装面板的顶端与所述加强件的顶端转动连接，所述安装面板的底端与所述底接板可拆卸连接。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的车厢铰接连接装置，其特征在于，所述底接板靠近所述安装面板的一端上设有限位块，所述限位块用于对所述安装面板的底端与所述底接板的连接位置进行限位。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的车厢铰接连接装置，其特征在于，所述连接组件包括支撑梁以及位于所述支撑梁两端的连接梁，所述连接梁用于与所述首节车厢或所述尾节车厢相连，所述安装部的一端与所述支撑梁的中部连接。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的车厢铰接连接装置，其特征在于，所述支撑梁上还设有加固板，且所述加固板还用于与所述车厢的顶部相连。
  8. 一种有轨电车，包括至少三节车厢，其特征在于，包括两个上述权利要求1-7任一项所述的铰接连接装置，其中，两个所述铰接连接装置分别与 所述首节车厢和尾节车厢的顶部相连，所述有轨电车的首节车厢与尾节车厢下方均设有转向架，相邻两车厢间的底端通过下部铰接装置相连，所述首节车厢的顶部与相邻车厢的顶部之间通过所述首节车厢顶端连接的所述铰接连接装置与所述相邻车厢顶端上连接的上部铰接装置连接；
    所述尾节车厢的顶部与相邻车厢的顶部之间通过所述尾节车厢顶端连接的所述铰接连接装置与相邻车厢顶端上连接的上部铰接装置连接。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的有轨电车，其特征在于，所述铰接连接装置中的支撑梁的两端分别沿着车厢的宽度方向延伸，且所述支撑梁两端连接的连接梁与车厢宽度方向上的侧边缘相连。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的有轨电车，其特征在于，所述首节车厢的顶部与其中一个所述铰接连接装置通过铆接连接；
    所述尾节车厢的顶部与另一个所述铰接连接装置通过铆接连接。
PCT/CN2019/097205 2018-09-06 2019-07-23 一种车厢铰接连接装置及有轨电车 WO2020048251A1 (zh)

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