WO2020048093A1 - 宠物咬胶及其制备方法 - Google Patents

宠物咬胶及其制备方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020048093A1
WO2020048093A1 PCT/CN2019/075847 CN2019075847W WO2020048093A1 WO 2020048093 A1 WO2020048093 A1 WO 2020048093A1 CN 2019075847 W CN2019075847 W CN 2019075847W WO 2020048093 A1 WO2020048093 A1 WO 2020048093A1
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substance
chewing gum
gum
pet
protein
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PCT/CN2019/075847
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English (en)
French (fr)
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郑京敏
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温州锦恒宠物用品有限公司
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Priority to US17/282,756 priority Critical patent/US20220000149A1/en
Priority to EP19857661.3A priority patent/EP3847900A4/en
Publication of WO2020048093A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020048093A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/40—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for carnivorous animals, e.g. cats or dogs
    • A23K50/42—Dry feed
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K15/00—Devices for taming animals, e.g. nose-rings or hobbles; Devices for overturning animals in general; Training or exercising equipment; Covering boxes
    • A01K15/02—Training or exercising equipment, e.g. mazes or labyrinths for animals ; Electric shock devices ; Toys specially adapted for animals
    • A01K15/025—Toys specially adapted for animals
    • A01K15/026—Chewable toys, e.g. for dental care of pets
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
    • A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
    • A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
    • A23K10/26—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from waste material, e.g. feathers, bones or skin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/116—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A23K20/121—Heterocyclic compounds containing oxygen or sulfur as hetero atom
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
    • A23K20/147—Polymeric derivatives, e.g. peptides or proteins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/174—Vitamins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/179—Colouring agents, e.g. pigmenting or dyeing agents
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/189—Enzymes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/22—Compounds of alkali metals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/24—Compounds of alkaline earth metals, e.g. magnesium
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/26—Compounds containing phosphorus
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
    • Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of pet food, and particularly relates to a pet chewing gum and a preparation method thereof.
  • the chewing gum products sold on the market are mainly made of pigs, cowhide as raw materials, washed, bleached and dried, and made into bone-shaped, rolled, and other shapes, or combined with meat products and dried.
  • Strong crack resistance and longevity can be used for pets to chew and play for a long time; but the lack of substantial odor and taste of food prepared from animal skin as raw materials does not make chewing products such as animals cheering.
  • Most pets just use these things as toys to play, which results in low utilization of functions, waste of resources, and environmental pollution; therefore, it is urgent to develop some palatable and chewy products with good palatability.
  • Application No. 200510075310.0 discloses a pet food and a manufacturing process thereof, which uses livestock and poultry meat as raw materials, cuts into slices, puts them into whole pieces, cuts into knots and forms a bone shape, and is pressed into bones or other shapes and Pet toys made into different shapes according to the preferences of different pets.
  • the meat and bones of the invention overcome the shortcomings of poor palatability of a single leather bite product, but the production process has particularly high requirements for livestock and poultry meat, and the cut pieces of meat will be bound due to sticking during the process of putting into pieces. Poor performance and easy disconnection affect the next knotting operation. This process consumes labor and wastes raw materials, affects processing efficiency, is not conducive to continuous production, and is not easy to reduce product costs.
  • One of the objectives of the present invention is to provide a multifunctional pet chewing gum which is beneficial to health and can be eaten and played.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the pet chewing gum.
  • the present invention discloses a pet chewing gum, including the following raw material composition and weight parts ratio:
  • the edible gum includes gelatin or a combination of gelatin and at least one of carrageenan, guar gum, and xanthan gum.
  • the plant protein includes at least one of soybean protein, peanut protein, pea protein, rice protein, and zein.
  • the functional substance includes at least one of a dentifrice substance, a hair beauty substance, a joint protection substance, a digestion promotion substance, and a nutrition substance.
  • the dentifrice includes at least one of mint powder, parsley powder, and sodium pyrophosphate.
  • the hair beauty substance includes at least one of lecithin, seaweed powder, and fish oil.
  • the joint protection substance includes at least one of chondroitin and glucosamine hydrochloride.
  • the humectant is at least one of glycerin, sorbitol, and propylene glycol.
  • the dispersant is a complex phosphate.
  • the cross-linking agent is a TG enzyme.
  • composition and weight ratio of the flavor substance are:
  • the nutritional substance includes at least one of a multivitamin, a compound mineral, glucosamine, chondroitin sulfate, isomalttooligosaccharide, linoleic acid, and linolenic acid.
  • the flavor substance further includes a high-power sweetener;
  • the high-power sweetener is at least one of aspartame, sucralose, cyclamate, and acesulfame.
  • composition and weight ratio of the plant components are:
  • the vegetable is at least one of tomato, spinach, carrot, broccoli, cabbage, green beans, potatoes, sweet potatoes, and pumpkin;
  • the fruit is at least one of apple, banana, kiwi, pineapple, and papaya.
  • the invention also discloses a method for preparing pet chewing gum, including the following steps:
  • the cross-linking reaction is performed on the chewing gum raw material mixture obtained in S3.
  • the reaction temperature is 35-45 ° C, and the reaction time is ⁇ 24 hours.
  • the step S5 further includes drying the cross-linked product to a moisture content of 30-34%, forming the product into a desired product shape, and then continuing the formed product. Bake until the moisture content reaches below 18%, and the drying temperature is controlled between 50 ° C and 80 ° C.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • the present invention does not contain non-digestible animal skin components such as cowhide, uses vegetable gum or animal gum as raw materials, cross-links in a specific process, combines some beneficial ingredients, and has a variety of specific functions Properties, such as tooth cleaning, joint protection, intestinal health, easy digestion, supplementation of other nutrients, etc .; and strong taste and palatability, the cross-linking effect under certain conditions makes the product have strong toughness, allowing pets Chew well for fun and entertainment.
  • the invention discloses a pet chewing gum, which includes the following raw material composition and weight parts ratio:
  • the edible gum includes gelatin or a combination of gelatin and at least one of carrageenan, guar gum, and xanthan gum.
  • animal protein is also often used as a raw material for the preparation of chewing gum.
  • Proteins such as pork, beef, mutton, poultry, and fish have a content close to that of various amino acids required by animals; however, animal skin
  • the lack of substantial odor and taste of food prepared for raw materials makes animals chew such chewing gum products without fun.
  • Most pets just use these things as toys to play, resulting in low utilization of functions, waste of resources, and environmental pollution; gelatin is partially degraded by collagen in connective tissues such as animal skin, bone, and muscle membranes to become white Or light yellow, translucent, slightly shiny flakes or powder; tasteless, odorless. Swell in cold water and dissolve in hot water. Gelatin is also rich in protein and is a good alternative to protein donors.
  • the plant protein includes at least one of soybean protein, peanut protein, pea protein, rice protein, and zein.
  • the plant protein is preferably soy protein.
  • the functional substance includes at least one of a dentifrice substance, a hair cosmetic substance, a joint protection substance, a digestion promoting substance, and a nutrient substance.
  • a dentifrice substance a hair cosmetic substance
  • a joint protection substance a digestion promoting substance
  • a nutrient substance a nutrient substance
  • the dentifrice includes at least one of mint powder, parsley powder, and sodium pyrophosphate.
  • the hair beauty substance includes at least one of lecithin, seaweed powder, and fish oil.
  • the joint protection substance includes at least one of chondroitin and glucosamine hydrochloride.
  • the humectant is at least one of glycerin, sorbitol, and propylene glycol.
  • the dispersant is a complex phosphate.
  • the cross-linking agent is a TG enzyme.
  • composition and weight ratio of the flavor substance are:
  • the nutritional substance includes at least one of a multivitamin, a compound mineral, glucosamine, chondroitin sulfate, isomalttooligosaccharide, linoleic acid, and linolenic acid.
  • the flavor substance further includes a high-power sweetener;
  • the high-power sweetener is at least one of aspartame, sucralose, cyclamate, and acesulfame.
  • composition and weight ratio of the plant components are:
  • the vegetable is at least one of tomato, spinach, carrot, broccoli, cabbage, green beans, potatoes, sweet potatoes, and pumpkin;
  • the fruit is at least one of apple, banana, kiwi, pineapple, and papaya.
  • the invention also discloses a method for preparing pet chewing gum, including the following steps:
  • the cross-linking reaction is performed on the chewing gum raw material mixture obtained in S3.
  • the reaction temperature is 35-45 ° C, and the reaction time is ⁇ 24 hours.
  • the step S5 further includes drying the cross-linked product to a moisture content of 30-34%, forming the product into a desired product shape, and then continuing the formed product. Bake until the moisture content reaches below 18%, and the drying temperature is controlled between 50 ° C and 80 ° C.
  • the above-mentioned preparation method for pet chewing gum may specifically include the following steps and process conditions:
  • the dissolving step in step S1 specifically includes edible gum and water according to 1: 3 quality
  • the volume ratio is mixed and dissolved in a 60-70 ° C water bath insulation; wherein, the edible gelatin is preferably gelatin.
  • the stirring in step S2 is adding vegetable protein, TG enzyme, glycerol, potassium sorbate, and sorbitol to the edible gum solution prepared in S1; and also adding vegetables, Fruits, nutrients and dentifrices.
  • the grinding in step S3 is used to more fully grind the gumming material mixture obtained in S2, so as to better dissolve in the edible gum aqueous solution to obtain a gumming material mixture. liquid.
  • step S4 is reacted in a water bath, and the chewing gum raw material mixture obtained in S3 is placed at an ambient temperature of 35-45 ° C for a crosslinking reaction for at least 24 hours.
  • step S5 further involves an extrusion molding process, and specifically includes the following steps:
  • the molded product continues to be baked until the moisture content reaches below 18%, and the drying temperature is controlled between 50 ° C-80;
  • the method further includes step S6, after drying, the product is sealed and packaged after being picked and metal detected to make a product.
  • the extruder mold is a heart-shaped mold, a cylindrical mold, a strip-shaped mold, a sheet-shaped mold, or a bone-shaped mold.
  • the prepared chewing pet food is heart-shaped. , Rod, sphere, ponytail, twist, bone, or bone.
  • composition and parts ratio of the raw materials for preparing pet chewing gum and the added substances involved in this embodiment are shown in the following table, which includes eight specific examples of different materials and composition ratios;
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • the present invention does not contain non-digestible animal skin components such as cowhide, uses vegetable gum or animal gum as raw materials, cross-links in a specific process, combines some beneficial ingredients, and has a variety of specific functions Properties, such as tooth cleaning, joint protection, intestinal health, easy digestion, supplementation of other nutrients, etc .; and strong taste and palatability, the cross-linking effect under certain conditions makes the product have strong toughness, allowing pets Chew well for fun and entertainment.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Physiology (AREA)
  • Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
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  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract

一种宠物咬胶及其制备方法，上述宠物咬胶包括食用胶、植物蛋白、保水剂、分散剂、交联剂、风味物质、功能性物质、植物成分、营养物质和水，其中食用胶包括明胶，植物胶或明胶与植物胶的组合物。上述宠物咬胶，不含不易消化的动物皮成分而且在特定的工艺下交联反应，结合一些有益成分，具有多种特定的功能性，有较强的口感和适口性，也增强了趣味性和娱乐性。

Description

宠物咬胶及其制备方法
本申请要求了申请日为2018年9月6日，申请号为201811038066.4，发明名称为“宠物咬胶及其制备方法”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明属于宠物食品技术领域，尤其涉及宠物咬胶及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着生活水平和生活质量的日益提高，宠物行业也逐渐兴起且为了满足更高要求的需要而快速发展；宠物行业不断推出各种各样的宠物食品、玩具、用品，为了更好地满足宠物的咀嚼天性，很多咬胶类产品应运而生。
目前市场上销售的咬胶类产品主要以猪、牛皮为原料经过清洗漂白晒干等工艺做成结骨状、卷状等形状，或再结合肉制品后烘干而成，此类产品具有很强的耐裂性能和持久性，可供宠物长时间的咀嚼和玩耍；但以动物皮为原料制备的缺少食品实质性的气味和味道，动物咀嚼这类咬胶类产品得不到乐趣。大多数宠物只是拿这些东西作为玩具进行玩耍，就造成了功能的利用率不高、资源浪费和环境污染；因此亟待研制出一些适口性强的可吃可玩的咬胶类产品。
申请号200510075310.0公开了一种宠物食品及其制作工艺，以畜禽精肉为原料，经过加工切成片状，摆成整块状，经切条打结成骨头形状，压制成骨头或其他形状和根据不同宠物的喜好编制成不同形状的宠物玩具。此发明的肉结骨克服了单一皮料咬胶类产品适口性差的缺点，但是制作工艺对畜禽肉的要求特别高，而且切成的片状肉摆成块状的过程中会由于粘结性不好而容易断开，影响了下一步的打结操作，此工序既耗费人力，又浪费原料，影响加工效率，不利于实现连续化生产，也不易降低产品成本。
而其他植物成分与肉结合，加热挤出后做成结骨状、卷状等形状，烘干成宠物咬胶等零食。解决了适口性的问题和牛皮猪皮不易消化的缺点。但是这类咬胶与动物皮咬胶相比，韧性较差，咀嚼性不强，清洁口腔的功能较差。
因此，亟待提供一种能克服现有产品缺点的宠物咬胶类产品。
发明内容
本发明的目的之一在于提供一种有益健康、可吃可玩的多功能宠物咬胶。
本发明的目的之二在于提供上述宠物咬胶的制备方法。
为实现上述目的，一方面，本发明公开了一种宠物咬胶，包括如下原料组成及重量份数比：
Figure PCTCN2019075847-appb-000001
作为本发明实施方式的进一步改进，所述食用胶包括明胶或明胶与卡拉胶、瓜尔胶、黄原胶中的至少一种的组合物。
作为本发明实施方式的进一步改进，所述植物蛋白包括大豆蛋白、花生蛋白、豌豆蛋白、大米蛋白、玉米蛋白中的至少一种。
作为本发明实施方式的进一步改进，所述功能性物质包括洁牙物质、美毛物质、保护关节物质、促进消化物质、营养物质中的至少一种。
作为本发明实施方式的进一步改进，所述洁牙物质包括薄荷粉、欧芹粉、焦磷酸钠中的至少一种。
作为本发明实施方式的进一步改进，所述美毛物质包括卵磷脂、海藻粉、鱼油中的至少一种。
作为本发明实施方式的进一步改进，所述保护关节物质包括软骨素、葡萄糖胺盐酸盐中的至少一种。
作为本发明实施方式的进一步改进，所述保湿剂为甘油、山梨糖醇、丙二醇中的至少一种。
作为本发明实施方式的进一步改进，所述分散剂为复合磷酸盐。
作为本发明实施方式的进一步改进，所述交联剂为TG酶。
作为本发明实施方式的进一步改进，所述风味物质的组成及重量配比为：
Figure PCTCN2019075847-appb-000002
作为本发明实施方式的进一步改进，所述营养物质包括复合维生素、复合矿物质、氨基葡萄糖、硫酸软骨素、低聚异麦芽糖、亚油酸、亚麻酸中的至少一种。
作为本发明实施方式的进一步改进，所述风味物质还包括高倍甜味剂；所述高倍甜味剂为阿斯巴甜、三氯蔗糖、甜蜜素、安赛蜜中的至少一种。
作为本发明实施方式的进一步改进，所述植物成分的组成及重量配比为：
蔬菜    1-5份
水果    1-5份。
作为本发明实施方式的进一步改进，所述蔬菜为番茄、菠菜、胡萝卜、西兰花、卷心菜、青豆、土豆、地瓜、南瓜中的至少一种；
作为本发明实施方式的进一步改进，所述水果为苹果、香蕉、猕猴桃、菠萝、木瓜中至少一种。
另一方面，本发明还公开了一种宠物咬胶的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
S1、将食用胶放入按照预设比例的水中进行溶解，得到食用胶水溶液；
S2、在S1得到的食用胶水溶液中按照预设份数比依次放入植物蛋白、分散剂、交联剂、保湿剂、风味物质、功能性物质、植物成分和营养物质，搅拌并溶解，得到咬胶原料混合物；
S3、将S2得到的咬胶原料混合物通过研磨设备研磨，并搅拌，得到均匀的咬胶原料混合液；
S4、将S3得到的咬胶原料混合液进行交联反应，反应温度为35-45℃，反应时间≥24小时；
S5、将经过交联反应后的产品放置烘箱中干燥直至水份达到产品总重量18％以下。
作为本发明实施方式的进一步改进，所述步骤S5还包括干燥交联后的产品至水分重量含量达30-34％时，将所述产品制成所需的产品形状，然后将成型的产品继续烘烤至水分重量含量达18％以下，所述干燥温度控制在50℃-80之间。
本发明具有以下有益效果：本发明不含牛皮等不易消化的动物皮成分，选用植物胶或动物胶类为原料，在特定的工艺下交联反应，结合一些有益成分，具有多种特定的功能性，例如洁牙、关节保护、肠道健康、易于消化、其他营养物质补充等；并且有较强的口感和适口性，特定条件下的交联效果使得产品具有较强的韧性，能让宠物充分咀嚼，增强趣味性和娱乐性。
具体实施方式
为使本申请的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请具体实施方式对本申请技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施方式仅是本申请一部分实施方式，而不是全部的实施方式。基于本申请中的实施方式，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施方式，都属于本申请保护的范围。
下面描述的实施方式是示例性的，仅用于解释本发明，而不能理解为对本发明的限制。
本发明公开了一种宠物咬胶，包括如下原料组成及重量份数比：
Figure PCTCN2019075847-appb-000003
作为本发明实施方式的进一步改进，食用胶包括明胶或明胶与卡拉胶、瓜尔胶、黄原胶中的至少一种的组合物。
在现有技术中，也常选用动物蛋白作为制备咬胶的原料，如猪肉、牛肉、羊肉以及家禽、鱼类等的蛋白质都有接近动物体所需要的各种氨基酸的含量；但以动物皮为原料制备的缺少食品实质性的气味和味道，动物咀嚼这类咬胶类产品得不到乐趣。大多数宠物只是拿这些东西作为玩具进行玩耍，就造成了功能的利用率不高、资源浪费和环境污染；而明胶是由动物皮肤、骨、肌膜等结缔组织中的胶原部分降解而成为白色或淡黄色、半透明、微带光泽的薄片或粉粒；无味，无臭。在冷水中吸水膨胀，溶于热水。明胶也具有丰富的蛋白质，是一种很好的蛋白质供体的替代选择。
作为本发明实施方式的进一步改进，植物蛋白包括大豆蛋白、花生蛋白、豌豆蛋白、大米蛋白、玉米蛋白中的至少一种。在具体实施中，植物蛋白优选大豆蛋白。
作为本发明实施方式的进一步改进，功能性物质包括洁牙物质、美毛物质、保护关节物质、促进消化物质、营养物质中的至少一种。本发明的具体实施中，为了迎合宠物的多种需要，在现有技术的咬胶原料中添加了功能性物质，利用宠物在把玩咬胶的同时，还能更有益身体健康。
作为本发明实施方式的进一步改进，具体地，所述洁牙物质包括薄荷粉、欧芹粉、焦磷酸钠中的至少一种。
作为本发明实施方式的进一步改进，所述美毛物质包括卵磷脂、海藻粉、鱼油中的至少一种。
作为本发明实施方式的进一步改进，所述保护关节物质包括软骨素、葡萄糖胺盐酸盐中的至少一种。
作为本发明实施方式的进一步改进，所述保湿剂为甘油、山梨糖醇、丙二醇中的至少一种。
作为本发明实施方式的进一步改进，所述分散剂为复合磷酸盐。
作为本发明实施方式的进一步改进，所述交联剂为TG酶。
作为本发明实施方式的进一步改进，所述风味物质的组成及重量配比为：
Figure PCTCN2019075847-appb-000004
作为本发明实施方式的进一步改进，所述营养物质包括复合维生素、复合矿物质、氨基葡萄糖、硫酸软骨素、低聚异麦芽糖、亚油酸、亚麻酸中的至少一种。
作为本发明实施方式的进一步改进，所述风味物质还包括高倍甜味剂；所述高倍甜味剂为阿斯巴甜、三氯蔗糖、甜蜜素、安赛蜜中的至少一种。
作为本发明实施方式的进一步改进，所述植物成分的组成及重量配比为：
蔬菜    1-5份
水果    1-5份。
作为本发明实施方式的进一步改进，所述蔬菜为番茄、菠菜、胡萝卜、西兰花、卷心菜、青豆、土豆、地瓜、南瓜中的至少一种；
作为本发明实施方式的进一步改进，所述水果为苹果、香蕉、猕猴桃、菠萝、木瓜中至少一种。
另一方面，本发明还公开了一种宠物咬胶的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
S1、将食用胶放入按照预设比例的水中进行溶解，得到食用胶水溶液；
S2、在S1得到的食用胶水溶液中按照预设份数比依次放入植物蛋白、分散剂、交联剂、保湿剂、风味物质、功能性物质、植物成分和营养物质，搅拌并溶解，得到咬胶原料混合物；
S3、将S2得到的咬胶原料混合物通过研磨设备研磨，并搅拌，得到均匀的咬胶原料混合液；
S4、将S3得到的咬胶原料混合液进行交联反应，反应温度为35-45℃，反应时间≥24小时；
S5、将经过交联反应后的产品放置烘箱中干燥直至水份达到产品总重量18％以下。
作为本发明实施方式的进一步改进，所述步骤S5还包括干燥交联后的产品至水分重量含量达30-34％时，将所述产品制成所需的产品形状，然后将成型的产品继续烘烤至水分重量含量达18％以下，所述干燥温度控制在50℃-80之间。
在具体实施中，上述宠物咬胶的制备方法可以具体包括以下步骤及工艺条件：作为本发明实施方式的进一步改进，所述步骤S1中的溶解步骤具体包括将食用胶与水按照1:3质量体积比进行混合，并置于60-70℃水浴保温中溶解；其中，食用胶优选为明胶。
作为本发明实施方式的进一步改进，所述步骤S2中的搅拌是在S1中制备得到的食用胶水溶 液中加入植物蛋白、TG酶、甘油、山梨酸钾、山梨糖醇；且同时也加入蔬菜、水果、营养物质以及洁牙功能性物质。
作为本发明实施方式的进一步改进，所述步骤S3中的研磨用于将S2中得到的咬胶原料混合物更加充分的磨碎，以便于更好地在食用胶水溶液中溶解，得到咬胶原料混合液。
作为本发明实施方式的进一步改进，所述步骤S4中的交联反应时是水浴锅中反应的，将S3得到的咬胶原料混合物放置于环境温度35-45℃间交联反应至少24小时。
作为本发明实施方式的进一步改进，所述步骤S5中的干燥过程中还涉及挤出成型工艺，具体包括以下步骤：
1)利用挤出机模具将交联反应后制得的产品挤出成型
2)将挤出成型的半成品进行烘烤至水分重量含量达30-34％，烘干温度控制在50℃-80℃之间；
3)再将烘至半干的产品制成所需的产品形状；
4)成型的产品继续烘烤至水分重量含量达18％以下，烘干温度控制在50℃-80之间；
作为本发明实施方式的进一步改进，所述制备方法之后还包括步骤S6烘干后的产品经拣选、金属探测后进行密封包装，制成产品。
作为本发明实施方式的进一步改进，所述挤出机模具为心形模具、圆柱形模具、条形模具、片形模具或骨形模具，相应地，制成的咬胶类宠物食品为心形、棒形、球形、马尾辫形、麻花形、结骨形或骨形。
具体地，在本实施例涉及的宠物咬胶制备原料及添加物质的组成及份数比具体见下表，共包括8组不同物料及配比组成的具体实施例；
实施例1
配方组成 配比(份)
明胶 150
大豆蛋白 80
甘油 80
山梨糖醇 10
复合磷酸盐 10
TG酶 5
绵白糖 3
色素 3
胡萝卜、西兰花 5
软骨素 5
水 600
实施例2
配方组成 配比(份)
明胶 150
大豆蛋白 110
甘油 105
山梨糖醇 4
复合磷酸盐 4
TG酶 3
精盐 1
色素 3
苹果、菠萝 6
薄荷粉 3
水 600
实施例3
配方组成 配比(份)
明胶 150
大豆蛋白 110
甘油 105
丙二醇 3
复合磷酸盐 4
TG酶 3
奶酪丁 3
色素 2
菠菜、南瓜 10
海藻粉 1
水 600
本发明具有以下有益效果：本发明不含牛皮等不易消化的动物皮成分，选用植物胶或动物胶类为原料，在特定的工艺下交联反应，结合一些有益成分，具有多种特定的功能性，例如洁牙、关节保护、肠道健康、易于消化、其他营养物质补充等；并且有较强的口感和适口性，特定条件下的交联效果使得产品具有较强的韧性，能让宠物充分咀嚼，增强趣味性和娱乐性。
应当理解，虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述，但并非每个实施方式仅包含一个独立的技术方案，说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见，本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体，各实施方式中的技术方案也可以经适当组合，形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。
上文所列出的一系列的详细说明仅仅是针对本发明的可行性实施方式的具体说明，并非用以限制本发明的保护范围，凡未脱离本发明技艺精神所作的等效实施方式或变更均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种宠物咬胶，其特征在于，包括如下原料组成及重量份数比：
    Figure PCTCN2019075847-appb-100001
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种宠物咬胶，其特征在于，所述食用胶包括明胶，或卡拉胶、瓜尔胶、黄原胶中的至少一种与明胶的组合物。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种宠物咬胶，其特征在于，所述植物蛋白包括大豆蛋白、花生蛋白、豌豆蛋白、大米蛋白、玉米蛋白中的至少一种。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种宠物咬胶，其特征在于，所述功能性物质包括洁牙物质、美毛物质、保护关节物质、促进消化物质、营养物质中的至少一种。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种宠物咬胶，其特征在于，所述洁牙物质包括薄荷粉、欧芹粉、焦磷酸钠、绿茶粉、碳酸钙、二水合磷酸氢钙、无水磷酸氢钙等中的至少一种；
    所述美毛物质包括卵磷脂、海藻粉、鱼油、海豹油、肝粉等中的至少一种；
    所述保护关节物质包括软骨素、葡萄糖胺盐酸盐、复合骨胶原、维生素C、钙粉、维生素D等中的至少一种；
    所述促消化物质包括益生菌、山药、麦芽、陈皮、太子参、山楂、乳酸菌素等中的至少一种。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种宠物咬胶，其特征在于，所述保水剂为甘油、山梨糖醇、丙二醇、聚乙二醇、木糖醇(即戊糖醇)等中的至少一种；
    所述分散剂为复合磷酸盐；
    所述交联剂为谷氨酰胺转氨酶。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种宠物咬胶，其特征在于，所述风味物质的组成及重量配比为：
    Figure PCTCN2019075847-appb-100002
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种宠物咬胶，其特征在于，所述营养物质包括复合维生素、复合矿物质、氨基葡萄糖、硫酸软骨素、低聚异麦芽糖、亚油酸、亚麻酸中的至少一种。
  9. 一种宠物咬胶的制备方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
    S1、将食用胶放入按照预设比例的水中进行溶解，得到食用胶水溶液；
    S2、在S1得到的食用胶水溶液中按照预设份数比依次放入植物蛋白、分散剂、交联剂、保水剂、风味物质、功能性物质、植物成分和营养物质，搅拌并溶解，得到咬胶原料混合物；
    S3、将S2得到的咬胶原料混合物通过研磨设备研磨，并加温搅拌，得到均匀的咬胶原料混合液；
    S4、将S3得到的咬胶原料混合液进行交联反应，反应温度为35-45℃，反应时间≥24小时；
    S5、将经过交联反应后的产品放置烘箱中干燥直至水份达到产品总重量18％以下。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的宠物咬胶的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S5还包括干燥交联后的产品至水分重量含量达30-40％时，将所述产品制成所需的产品形状，然后将成型的产品继续烘烤至水分重量含量达18％以下，所述干燥温度控制在30℃-80℃之间。
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