WO2020036198A1 - Élément soudé par point par résistance et son procédé de fabrication - Google Patents

Élément soudé par point par résistance et son procédé de fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020036198A1
WO2020036198A1 PCT/JP2019/031949 JP2019031949W WO2020036198A1 WO 2020036198 A1 WO2020036198 A1 WO 2020036198A1 JP 2019031949 W JP2019031949 W JP 2019031949W WO 2020036198 A1 WO2020036198 A1 WO 2020036198A1
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Prior art keywords
nugget
energization
cooling
max
current value
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PCT/JP2019/031949
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
直雄 川邉
松田　広志
池田　倫正
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Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社
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Application filed by Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 filed Critical Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社
Priority to JP2019563908A priority Critical patent/JP6908132B2/ja
Priority to CN201980053050.7A priority patent/CN112584959B/zh
Priority to KR1020217003918A priority patent/KR102491219B1/ko
Publication of WO2020036198A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020036198A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
    • B23K11/10—Spot welding; Stitch welding
    • B23K11/11—Spot welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
    • B23K11/16—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating taking account of the properties of the material to be welded
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
    • B23K11/24—Electric supply or control circuits therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
    • B23K37/003—Cooling means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/18—Sheet panels

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a resistance spot welding member and a method for manufacturing the same.
  • the welding method mainly used in the production process of an automobile is resistance spot welding, but the welded portion of this resistance spot welding is hard to easily undergo martensitic transformation due to rapid cooling of a molten portion. Become an organization. Further, tensile residual stress is generated in the weld due to heat shrinkage during the cooling process. Furthermore, hydrogen may be taken into the weld metal during welding from the plating layer on the steel sheet surface, oil or moisture on the steel sheet surface, or hydrogen may enter the weld from the use environment (for example, under an acidic environment). is there. Therefore, the welded part of resistance spot welding may be in a very disadvantageous state from the viewpoint of delayed fracture resistance.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses that the structure and hardness of the welded portion are controlled by increasing the pressing force and decreasing the current immediately after welding energization (main energization). A technique for preventing delayed destruction is disclosed.
  • the problem of delayed fracture due to the intrusion of hydrogen into the weld metal having high hydrogen embrittlement susceptibility during such welding is not limited to the case of resistance spot welding of a high-strength steel sheet for automobiles, and other problems may occur. It also exists in resistance spot welding of steel sheets.
  • the present inventor adjusts the hardness of the spot welded portion by improving the structure of the end of the nugget, which is the starting point of the delayed fracture, and is a plate set including a steel plate having a tensile strength of 980 MPa or more. Also, it was considered that a spot welded member excellent in delayed fracture resistance could be provided.
  • ⁇ C, Mn, and Si are listed as alloy elements in the steel sheet that affect the hardness of the nugget.
  • a method of controlling the hardness of the nugget end it is effective to provide a post-energization step for tempering after the main energization step for forming the nugget is completed in the resistance spot welding process. Means.
  • tempering by post-energization to the heat-affected zone outside the nugget hereinafter also referred to as welding heat-affected zone
  • the influence may be exerted, and the strength may be reduced due to excessive softening.
  • a high current equal to or more than the current value in the main energizing step is applied, and the amount of heat required for tempering is applied to the nugget end in a short time without excessively softening the heat-affected zone. It is necessary to control the hardness of the nugget end.
  • a method for manufacturing a resistance spot welded member wherein two or more steel plates including at least one steel plate having a tensile strength of 980 MPa or more are stacked, sandwiched by a pair of welding electrodes, and energized while applying pressure to produce a nugget. And a nugget by pressing and holding the steel plate with the welding electrode for a cooling time C t (ms) represented by the following formulas (5) and (6) after the main current supplying process. , And a post-energization step of energizing at a current value I p (kA) satisfying the following equation (7) after the cooling step.
  • the structure of the end of the nugget is improved while preventing the strength from being reduced due to the softening of the heat-affected zone, and the resistance is excellent in delayed fracture resistance.
  • a spot welding member can be obtained.
  • the resistance spot welding member of the present invention has two or more steel plates and a spot weld. Explanation will be given in the order of two or more steel plates and spot welds.
  • the steel plate of two or more includes a steel plate having a tensile strength of 980 MPa or more (sometimes referred to as a “high-strength steel plate”).
  • a steel sheet having a tensile strength of 980 MPa or more is used, delayed fracture of a spot weld tends to be a problem.
  • the resistance spot welding member of the present invention has an effect of adjusting the hardness of the spot welded portion, so that even when a high-strength steel plate is used, the delayed fracture resistance of the spot welded portion is improved. .
  • the component composition of the two or more steel sheets is not particularly limited, but in mass%, C: 0.6% or less, Si: 3.0% or less, Mn: 20.0% or less, P: 1.0% or less, A component composition containing 0.8% or less of S and 3.0% or less of Al, the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities is preferable.
  • the thickness of the two or more steel plates is not particularly limited, but is preferably, for example, in the range of 0.5 mm or more and 2.0 mm or less.
  • a steel sheet having a thickness in this range can be suitably used as an automobile member.
  • # 2 or more steel sheets may be the same or different, may be the same type and same shape, or may be different types or different shapes.
  • the spot weld 12 is formed between two or more steel plates 15, and includes a central nugget 13 and a weld heat affected zone 14 outside the nugget.
  • the boundary between the nugget 13 and the heat affected zone 14 can be visually determined by performing corrosion using a picric acid aqueous solution on the section of the plate thickness of the spot weld.
  • the Vickers hardness H n (Hv) of the nugget end of the spot welded portion is equal to or less than H ob (Hv) represented by the following equation (3).
  • the coefficient concerning each element in X and Y is determined in consideration of the magnitude of the influence of each element.
  • H ob2 (800 ⁇ X max +300) / (0.7 + 20 ⁇ Y max ) (10)
  • Y max Y of the steel sheet in which the coefficient Y represented by the expression (2) is the largest.
  • the Vickers hardness H n of the nugget end is preferably set to (0.4 ⁇ H ob) or more. If the Vickers hardness H n of the nugget end (0.4 ⁇ H ob) smaller than, lowers the strength of the nugget itself, such as joint strength, it delayed joint performance other than fracture properties may deteriorate.
  • FIG. 4 also shows an enlarged view of the nugget end 16 in the spot welded portion 12.
  • the nugget end 16 has a thickness of 50 ⁇ m from the boundary between the nugget 13 and the weld heat-affected zone 14 toward the center of the nugget 13 in a section of the resistance spot welding member passing through the center of the nugget 13. Means the position.
  • the nugget end portions 16 are located at two positions 50 ⁇ m from the two intersections of the boundary line between the steel plates 15 and the nugget 13 toward the center of the nugget 13 in a thickness cross section passing through the center of the nugget 13.
  • the Vickers hardness H n of the nugget end there, define who the them smaller Vickers hardness as the Vickers hardness H n of the nugget end.
  • HV Vickers hardness
  • the certain range is an area of 40 to 60 ⁇ m from the boundary toward the center of the nugget. Therefore, the “nugget end” includes a region of 40 to 60 ⁇ m from the above boundary toward the center of the nugget.
  • the Vickers hardness H min (Hv) of the softest part of the heat affected zone of the spot welded part satisfies the following equation (4). 0.4 ⁇ H n ⁇ H min ⁇ 0.9 ⁇ H n (4)
  • the Vickers hardness H min (Hv) of the softest part of the weld heat affected zone is less than (0.4 ⁇ H n ) (Hv)
  • the strength is easily reduced due to excessive softening of the weld heat affected zone.
  • the Vickers hardness H min (Hv) of the softest part of the heat affected zone exceeds (0.9 ⁇ H n ) (Hv) (Hv)
  • locally high stress concentrates on the end of the nugget, causing a delay. Destruction is easy to occur.
  • the Vickers hardness H min of the softest part of the weld heat affected zone is (0.5 ⁇ H n ) or more. Is preferable, and (0.8 ⁇ H n ) or less is preferable.
  • FIG. 5A is a cross-sectional view in the thickness direction passing through the center of the nugget 13
  • FIG. 5B is a diagram showing the distance (mm) from the boundary and the Vickers hardness (near the boundary) between the nugget and the welding heat affected zone. HV).
  • the softest part of the welding heat affected zone 14 of the spot welded part 12 means the following position.
  • a region 3 mm outside the nugget 13 from the boundary between the nugget 13 and the welding heat affected zone 14 is spaced at intervals of 150 ⁇ m from the boundary. It means the portion (position) showing the softest hardness when measured. The hardness can be measured by a method described in Examples described later.
  • a steel plate arranged on the lower side (hereinafter, referred to as lower steel plate 1) and a steel plate arranged on the upper side (hereinafter, referred to as upper steel plate 2) are overlapped.
  • at least one of the lower steel plate 1 and the upper steel plate 2 is a steel plate having a tensile strength of 980 MPa or more.
  • a pair of welding electrodes that is, an electrode disposed on the lower side (hereinafter, referred to as lower electrode 4) and an electrode disposed on the upper side (hereinafter, referred to as upper electrode 5), are superimposed on a steel plate (the lower steel plate 1 and the lower steel plate 1).
  • the upper steel plate 2) is sandwiched and energized while applying pressure.
  • the configuration in which the lower electrode 4 and the upper electrode 5 pressurize and control the pressing force is not particularly limited, and conventionally known devices such as an air cylinder and a servomotor can be used.
  • the configuration for supplying a current during energization and controlling the current value is not particularly limited, and a conventionally known device can be used.
  • the present invention can be applied to both direct current and alternating current. In the case of AC, “current” means “effective current”.
  • the type of the tip of the lower electrode 4 or the upper electrode 5 is not particularly limited. For example, DR type (dome radius type), R type (radius type), D type (dome type) described in JIS C # 9304: 1999. ) And the like.
  • the tip diameter (diameter of the tip) of the electrode is, for example, 4 mm to 16 mm.
  • the main energization step performed as described above is a step of melting a steel sheet to form a nugget.
  • the energizing conditions and the pressing conditions for forming the nugget are not particularly limited, and conventionally used welding conditions can be adopted.
  • the current value is 1.0 kA or more and 15.0 kA or less
  • the pressing force is 2.0 kN or more and 7.0 kN or less.
  • the energization time is not particularly limited, and is, for example, 100 ms or more and 1000 ms or less.
  • the “nugget” is a portion that is melt-solidified at a spot weld in lap resistance welding.
  • a cooling step of cooling the nugget by holding the steel plate while pressing it with the welding electrode for a cooling time C t (ms) represented by the following equations (5) and (6) is performed. .
  • t is an average thickness (mm) of the steel plate to be joined.
  • the cooling step is a step necessary for obtaining a tempering effect by a post-energization step described later. If the cooling time C t (ms) does not satisfy the equations (5) and (6), the nugget end is heated by subsequent energization without being sufficiently cooled. In that case, the effect of tempering cannot be obtained, and the hardness of the nugget end cannot be reduced.
  • the cooling time C t (ms) depends on the thickness of the steel plates, and when joining steel plates having different thicknesses, the average value of the thickness of each steel plate is used.
  • the upper limit of the cooling time C t (ms) is not particularly defined, but it is preferable that C t ⁇ 800 ⁇ t.
  • C t is (800 ⁇ t) or more, the total time of the welding process itself becomes longer, and the productivity is reduced.
  • the post-energization step is an energization step with a current value I p (kA) satisfying the following equation (7). 0.8 ⁇ I min ⁇ I p ⁇ 1.5 ⁇ I max (7)
  • I max is a maximum current value (kA) in the main energizing step
  • I min is a minimum current value (kA) in the main energizing step.
  • the post-energization step is a step of reheating the nugget end and reducing the hardness of the nugget end by tempering. If the current value I p (kA) in the post-energization step is less than (0.8 ⁇ I min ), the amount of heat input is insufficient, and the hardness of the nugget end cannot be reduced. Further, when the current value I p (kA) in the post-energization step is equal to or more than (1.5 ⁇ I max ), the input heat becomes excessive and exceeds the temperature range in which the effect of tempering the nugget end can be obtained. The hardness of the end cannot be reduced.
  • the current value I p (kA) in the post-energization step is 0.95 ⁇ I min ⁇ I It is preferable to satisfy p ⁇ 1.2 ⁇ I max . Further, the lower limit of the current value I p (kA) in the post-energization step is more preferably (1.0 ⁇ I min ) or more. As described above, in the manufacturing method of the present invention, the post-energization step is performed after the step of determining the condition of the current value Ip based on the equation (7).
  • the energization time in the post-energization step is less than 20 ms, the nugget may not be sufficiently heated, and the tempering effect may not be obtained.
  • the energization time of the post-energization step exceeds 200 ms, the input heat becomes sufficient and the hardness of the end of the nugget decreases, but the strength of the heat-affected zone decreases due to excessive softening, and breakage from the heat-affected zone at low stress occurs. May occur.
  • the energization time in the post-energization step is preferably in the range of 20 to 200 ms. More preferably, it is 20 to 100 ms.
  • a repeated energization step may be performed.
  • the repetitive energizing step includes a cooling energizing step in which cooling is performed after the post-energizing step and energizing under the condition satisfying the following equation (8), and a re-energizing state re-energizing the cooling energizing state under the condition satisfying the following equation (9). Is performed n times.
  • I nc a current value (kA) in the n-th cooling energization
  • I nr a current value (kA) in the n-th re-energization
  • n is a natural number of 1 or more.
  • I max and I min are the same as in equation (7).
  • the nugget end By repeating cooling and heating in the repetitive energizing step, the nugget end can be maintained in an appropriate temperature range for a long time, and the effect of tempering can be further exhibited. Further, since the cooling energization is a process of cooling the nugget end, it may be performed without energization. If the current value I nc (kA) in the cooling energization exceeds I max , the effect of cooling the nugget end cannot be obtained, and the appropriate temperature range cannot be maintained by the subsequent re-energization.
  • the upper limit of the energization time of the cooling energization in the repetitive energization step is not particularly defined, but is preferably (800 ⁇ t) or less. If it exceeds (800 ⁇ t), the total time of the welding process itself may be long, and the productivity may be reduced.
  • the lower limit of the energization time of the cooling energization is not particularly specified, but is preferably 20 ms or more. If the time is less than 20 ms, the effect of cooling the nugget end cannot be obtained, and an appropriate temperature range may not be maintained by the subsequent energization.
  • Resistance spot welding was performed under each condition of the two-plate set and the three-plate set. Resistance spot welding was performed at room temperature, and the electrode was constantly cooled with water. Each of the lower electrode 4 and the upper electrode 5 had a tip diameter (tip diameter) of 6 mm and a radius of curvature of 40 mm, and was a chrome copper DR type electrode. The pressing force was controlled by driving the lower electrode 4 and the upper electrode 5 with a servomotor, and a single-phase alternating current having a frequency of 50 Hz was supplied during energization.
  • the lower steel sheet 1 has a plating treatment in which the tensile strength is 1470 MPa, X represented by the formula (1) is 0.24, and Y represented by the formula (2) is 0.020 (hot-dip galvanizing ( GI), the amount of adhesion is 50 g / m 2 per side), a 1.6 mm-thick steel plate and an upper steel plate 2 having a tensile strength of 1180 MPa, X represented by the formula (1) is 0.20, and the formula (2).
  • GA hot-dip galvanized
  • the tensile strength is a tensile strength determined by preparing a JIS No. 5 tensile test piece from each steel sheet in a direction parallel to the rolling direction and performing a tensile test in accordance with JIS Z 2241: 2011.
  • FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b) resistance spot welding is performed on the steel plate (length in the longitudinal direction: 150 mm, length in the short direction: 50 mm). Between the two sheets, a spacer 6 of 1.6 mm thickness and 50 mm square is sandwiched on both sides, and temporarily welded, and the center of the sheet set in which two steel sheets are overlapped is set under the conditions described above and in Table 1-1. Welding was performed to produce a welded joint.
  • FIGS. 3A to 3C are a plan view (FIG. 3A) and side views (FIGS. 3B and 3C) showing a test piece for resistance spot welding. Reference numeral 7 in FIGS.
  • 3A to 3C denotes a welding point
  • reference numeral 8 denotes a temporary welding point.
  • the lower steel plate 9, the middle steel plate 10, and the upper steel plate 11 are overlapped, and the spacers 6 are provided on both sides between the lower steel plate 9 and the middle steel plate 10. Welding was carried out. The dimensions of the steel plate and the spacer are the same as those of the two-plate set.
  • welded joints were manufactured under the same conditions and the same shape.
  • the obtained welded joint was cut at the center of the nugget, etched with picric acid to clarify the boundary of the melted portion, and then subjected to a load of 200 gf and a load holding time of 15 s at the end of the nugget and the softened portion. Vickers hardness was measured.
  • the hardness of the end of the nugget was a measured value of the hardness of the inside of the nugget 50 ⁇ m from the boundary of the fusion zone.
  • the hardness of the softest part was the measured value of the softest part in a case where a region having a length of 3 mm from the end of the nugget was measured at intervals of 150 ⁇ m from the end of the nugget to the outside of the nugget.
  • a cross tension test was performed on welded joints manufactured under the same conditions.
  • the cross tension test was performed on a test specimen having a shape based on JISZ # 3137.
  • the symbol "X" indicates that the joint strength was reduced by 10% or more compared to the joint strength when welding was performed only in the main energizing step without post-energization, and the symbol "X” indicates that the strength was not reduced by 10% or more.
  • ⁇ is described.

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Resistance Welding (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un élément soudé par point par résistance dans lequel la structure d'une portion d'extrémité de noyau est améliorée, moyennant quoi la résistance à la fracture différée de l'élément est améliorée ; et un procédé de fabrication de l'élément soudé par point par résistance. L'élément soudé par point par résistance comprend deux tôles d'acier ou plus et une portion soudée par point formée entre les tôles d'acier. La résistance à la traction d'au moins l'une des tôles d'acier est égale ou supérieure à 980 MPa, et étant donné que le maximum du coefficient X de la tôle d'acier est Xmax (où X=[C]+[Si]/40+[Mn]/200) et le minimum du coefficient Y de la tôle d'acier est Ymin (où Y=[P]+3×[S]), la dureté Vickers Hn (Hv) d'une portion d'extrémité de noyau de la portion soudée par point n'est pas supérieure à Hob (Hv), qui est exprimée sous la forme Hob=(800×Xmax+300)/(0,7+20×Ymin), et la dureté Vickers Hmin (Hv) de la partie la plus tendre de la portion affectée par la chaleur de soudage dans la portion soudée par point satisfait l'inégalité 0,4×Hn≤Hmin≤0,9×Hn.
PCT/JP2019/031949 2018-08-16 2019-08-14 Élément soudé par point par résistance et son procédé de fabrication WO2020036198A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2019563908A JP6908132B2 (ja) 2018-08-16 2019-08-14 抵抗スポット溶接部材及びその製造方法
CN201980053050.7A CN112584959B (zh) 2018-08-16 2019-08-14 电阻点焊构件及其制造方法
KR1020217003918A KR102491219B1 (ko) 2018-08-16 2019-08-14 저항 스폿 용접 부재 및 그 제조 방법

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JP2018153041 2018-08-16
JP2018-153041 2018-08-16

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KR (1) KR102491219B1 (fr)
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WO2023063098A1 (fr) * 2021-10-12 2023-04-20 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 Joint soudé par points par résistance et procédé correspondant de soudage par points par résistance
WO2023181680A1 (fr) * 2022-03-25 2023-09-28 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 Joint soudé par points par résistance et son procédé de production

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JP2010240740A (ja) * 2009-03-17 2010-10-28 Jfe Steel Corp 抵抗スポット溶接継手の製造方法
WO2014171495A1 (fr) * 2013-04-17 2014-10-23 新日鐵住金株式会社 Procédé de soudage par points

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JP6149522B2 (ja) * 2013-04-22 2017-06-21 新日鐵住金株式会社 高強度鋼板の重ね溶接部材およびその製造方法
JP6194765B2 (ja) 2013-11-08 2017-09-13 新日鐵住金株式会社 高強度鋼板のスポット溶接方法

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008229720A (ja) * 2007-02-22 2008-10-02 Kobe Steel Ltd 引張強度に優れた高張力鋼板スポット溶接継手、それを有する自動車部品、および高張力鋼板のスポット溶接方法
JP2009001839A (ja) * 2007-06-19 2009-01-08 Kobe Steel Ltd 高強度スポット溶接継手
JP2010115706A (ja) * 2008-10-16 2010-05-27 Jfe Steel Corp 高強度鋼板の抵抗スポット溶接方法
JP2010240740A (ja) * 2009-03-17 2010-10-28 Jfe Steel Corp 抵抗スポット溶接継手の製造方法
WO2014171495A1 (fr) * 2013-04-17 2014-10-23 新日鐵住金株式会社 Procédé de soudage par points

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2023063098A1 (fr) * 2021-10-12 2023-04-20 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 Joint soudé par points par résistance et procédé correspondant de soudage par points par résistance
WO2023181680A1 (fr) * 2022-03-25 2023-09-28 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 Joint soudé par points par résistance et son procédé de production
JP7355280B1 (ja) 2022-03-25 2023-10-03 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 抵抗スポット溶接継手およびその製造方法

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JP6908132B2 (ja) 2021-07-21
KR20210033486A (ko) 2021-03-26
KR102491219B1 (ko) 2023-01-20
CN112584959A (zh) 2021-03-30
JPWO2020036198A1 (ja) 2020-08-20

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