WO2020036179A1 - 溶融金属用取鍋 - Google Patents
溶融金属用取鍋 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020036179A1 WO2020036179A1 PCT/JP2019/031852 JP2019031852W WO2020036179A1 WO 2020036179 A1 WO2020036179 A1 WO 2020036179A1 JP 2019031852 W JP2019031852 W JP 2019031852W WO 2020036179 A1 WO2020036179 A1 WO 2020036179A1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
- B22D41/04—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like tiltable
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
- B22D41/02—Linings
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a ladle for molten metal for holding molten metal such as hot metal or molten steel at an ironworks, for example.
- molten metal such as hot metal or molten steel at an ironworks, for example.
- the ladle for molten metal has a structure including an iron ladle main body and a refractory layer disposed inside the ladle main body in order to hold a high-temperature molten metal.
- trunnion shafts are provided on both sides in the width direction of the ladle main body, and the trunnion shafts can be lifted by a crane or the like, and can be tilted about the trunnion shafts.
- a ladle having a circular or elliptical horizontal cross-sectional shape has been proposed.
- the refractory layer disposed inside the ladle main body is thermally degraded and cracks or the like are generated. Therefore, it is necessary to periodically repair the refractory layer according to a certain number of times of use.
- the amount of molten metal handled before the refractory layer repair work can be increased, and the production cost can be reduced.
- Patent Literature 2 proposes a molten metal ladle in which the volume of the molten metal is increased without largely changing the outer shape of the molten metal ladle.
- the horizontal cross-sectional shape of the ladle body is approximated to a rectangular shape, thereby increasing the volume of the ladle.
- the horizontal cross section is constituted by an arc, stress concentration at corners is suppressed.
- the horizontal cross section is constituted by an arc to suppress the concentration of stress at the corners, but the stress on the refractory layer can be sufficiently reduced.
- the number of repairs of the refractory layer would increase.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and can increase the capacity of a ladle for molten metal, and reduce the number of repairs by suppressing thermal stress acting on the ladle for molten metal. It is an object of the present invention to provide a molten metal ladle that can be used.
- a molten metal ladle according to the present invention has a ladle main body and a refractory layer disposed inside the ladle main body, and both sides of the ladle main body.
- a ladle for molten metal provided with a trunnion shaft wherein a horizontal section of the ladle body including the trunnion shaft has a center on an axis connecting the trunnion shafts, a radius of curvature is R1, and the trunnion is A first arc including a portion orthogonal to the axis, a second arc having a center on a central axis orthogonal to the axis, having a radius of curvature R2, and including a portion orthogonal to the central axis, and the first arc And a curved portion having a minimum radius of curvature of R3 MIN and connecting the second circular arc with the second circular arc, the radius of curvature R1 of the first circular arc, the radius of curvature R2 of the second circular arc, from the minimum curvature of the curved portion the radius R3 MIN is the following equation (1) 3), characterized by satisfying the equation. Equation (1): 0.401
- the horizontal section including the trunnion axis of the ladle main body has a center on an axis connecting the trunnion axes, has a radius of curvature of R1, and is orthogonal to the trunnion axis.
- the curved portion has a minimum radius of curvature R3 MIN of R3 MIN ⁇ R1 and R3 MIN ⁇ R2. Since the first and second arcs having a large radius of curvature are connected by a curved portion having a small radius of curvature, the horizontal section approximates a rectangular shape, and the horizontal section has a circular shape. Increase the pot volume relative to the pot body It is possible to become.
- the minimum radius of curvature R3 MIN of the curved portion satisfies 0.401 ⁇ R1 ⁇ R3 MIN and 0.401 ⁇ R2 ⁇ R3 MIN
- the minimum radius of curvature R3 MIN of the curved portion is the first radius.
- the radius of curvature of the arc and the second arc is not too small, and the stress concentration at the connection between the first arc and the curved portion and the connection portion between the second arc and the curved portion can be suppressed. Deterioration can be suppressed. Thereby, it becomes possible to reduce the number of times of refractory repair of the ladle for molten metal. Thus, the capacity of the ladle for molten metal can be increased, and the thermal stress acting on the ladle for molten metal can be suppressed to reduce the number of repairs.
- the refractory layer is disposed on the first refractory layer disposed on the ladle main body side and on the inner side of the first refractory layer.
- a second refractory layer wherein the first refractory layer is made of a refractory brick, and the second refractory layer is made of an irregular refractory.
- the repaired second refractory layer may be repaired. Since the second refractory layer is made of an irregular refractory, it can be repaired relatively easily. Further, it is possible to further reduce the repair cost by suppressing the thermal stress acting on the second refractory layer.
- a ladle for metal can be provided.
- the molten metal ladle 1 includes a ladle main body 10 and a refractory layer 20.
- the ladle main body 10 is provided with trunnion shafts 18 on both sides in the width direction.
- the lane main body 10 is conveyed by a crane or the like using the trunnion shafts 18 and 18 and can be tilted about the trunnion shafts 18 and 18. It is configured.
- the ladle main body 10 has a non-circular horizontal section including the trunnion shaft 18 as shown in FIG.
- the first arc 11 has a center on the axis S1 connecting the trunnion shafts 18, 18 and has a radius of curvature R1, and includes a portion orthogonal to the trunnion shaft 18 and a center axis S2 orthogonal to the axis S1.
- the radii of curvature R1, R2, and R3 MIN of the horizontal section of the ladle main body 10 are measured on the inner wall surface of the ladle main body 10.
- the first arc 11 has a center on the axis S1 connecting the trunnion shafts 18, 18, the surface on which the trunnion shafts 18, 18 are provided becomes the above-described first arc 11.
- the second arc 12 has a center on a central axis S2 orthogonal to the axis S1 connecting the trunnion shafts 18, 18, the second arc 12 is formed in a direction orthogonal to the first arc 11.
- the curved portion 13 is disposed at a corner where the first arc 11 and the second arc 12 intersect.
- Equation (1) 0.401 ⁇ R1 ⁇ R3 MIN ⁇ R1 Formula (2): 0.401 ⁇ R2 ⁇ R3 MIN ⁇ R2 Formula (3): R1 ⁇ R2
- the minimum radius of curvature R3 MIN of the curved portion 13 is R3 MIN ⁇ R1 and R3 MIN ⁇ R2 with respect to the radius of curvature R1 of the first arc 11 and the radius of curvature R2 of the second arc 12.
- the intersection (corner) of the first arc 11 and the second arc 12 protrudes outward, and the shape approximates to a rectangular shape. It is possible to increase the volume without changing.
- the upper limit of the minimum radius of curvature R3 MIN of the curved portion 13 is preferably set to 0.9 ⁇ R1 and 0.9 ⁇ R2.
- the minimum radius of curvature R3 MIN of the curved portion 13 is 0.401 ⁇ R1 ⁇ R3 MIN and 0.401 ⁇ R2 with respect to the radius of curvature R1 of the first arc 11 and the radius of curvature R2 of the second arc 12. ⁇ R3 MIN . That is, the lower limit of the minimum radius of curvature R3 MIN of the curved portion 13 is defined. Since the lower limit of the minimum radius of curvature R3 MIN of the curved portion 13 is defined as described above, it is possible to suppress the concentration of stress at the connection portion between the first arc 11 and the curved portion 13 and the connection between the second arc 12 and the curved portion 13. Becomes possible. This makes it possible to suppress deformation of the ladle main body 10, deterioration of the refractory layer 20, and the like.
- the lower limit of the minimum curvature radius R3 MIN of the curved portion 13 is set to 0.41 ⁇ R1 and 0.41 ⁇ R2 are preferable, 0.42 ⁇ R1 and 0.42 ⁇ R2 are more preferable, and 0.45 ⁇ R1 and 0.45 ⁇ R2 are more preferable.
- the refractory layer 20 includes a first refractory layer 21 disposed on the ladle main body 10 side, and a refractory layer 21 disposed inside the first refractory layer 21. And a second refractory layer 22 provided.
- the first refractory layer 21 is formed by stacking refractory bricks.
- the second refractory layer 22 is formed of an irregular refractory.
- the second refractory layer 22 may be formed of a refractory brick in a region where the molten metal surface is located in order to suppress erosion.
- the ratio t2 / t1 of the thickness t1 of the first refractory layer 21 to the thickness t2 of the second refractory layer 22 is preferably 1 or more, and more preferably 2 or more.
- the ladle 1 for molten metal In the ladle 1 for molten metal according to the present embodiment, molten iron or molten steel from a converter or a torpedo car is received, and hooks of an overhead crane are transported while being hooked to the trunnion shafts 18, 18. By tilting around 18, the hot metal or molten steel is transferred to the vessel of the next process. As described above, the molten metal ladle 1 is subjected to severe thermal stress by repeatedly injecting and discharging hot metal or molten steel. When a crack or the like occurs in the refractory layer 20 disposed inside the ladle main body 10, the refractory layer 20 is repaired and used again.
- the horizontal cross section including the trunnion shaft 18 of the ladle main body 10 is centered on the axis S1 connecting the trunnion shafts 18, 18.
- a non-circular shape including a second circular arc 12 including a portion to be curved, and a curved portion 13 connecting the first circular arc 11 and the second circular arc 12 and having a minimum radius of curvature of R3 MIN. Since the minimum radius of curvature R3 MIN is R3 MIN ⁇ R1, R3 MIN ⁇ R2, the horizontal cross section has a shape similar to a rectangular shape, and the ladle body has a horizontal cross section of a circular shape. It is possible to expand .
- the minimum radius of curvature R3 MIN of the curved portion 13 is 0.401 ⁇ R1 ⁇ R3 MIN and 0.401 ⁇ R2 ⁇ R3 MIN , the minimum radius of curvature R3 MIN of the curved portion 13 does not become too small.
- the stress concentration at the connection between the first arc 11 and the curved portion 13 and the connection between the second arc 12 and the curved portion 13 can be suppressed, and the deformation of the ladle main body 10 and the deterioration of the refractory layer 20 can be suppressed. Thereby, it becomes possible to reduce the number of times of repair of the ladle 1 for molten metal.
- the refractory layer 20 includes a first refractory layer 21 disposed on the ladle main body 10 side and a second refractory layer disposed inside the first refractory layer 21.
- the first refractory layer 21 is made of a refractory brick and the second refractory layer 22 is made of an irregular refractory
- the first refractory layer 21 is disposed on the ladle main body 10 side. The stress concentration on the first refractory layer 21 can be suppressed, and the life of the first refractory layer 21 can be further extended.
- the crack can be prevented from propagating to the first refractory layer 21 made of the refractory brick.
- the second refractory layer 22 may be repaired. Since the second refractory layer is made of an irregular refractory, it can be repaired relatively easily, and the repair cost can be further reduced.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and can be appropriately changed without departing from the technical idea of the present invention.
- a molten metal ladle having a trunnion shaft having the structure shown in FIG. 1 has been described as an example.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and has a trunnion shaft having another structure. There may be.
- the description has been made assuming that the molten iron and the molten steel are held and transferred.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and another molten metal may be handled.
- the refractory layer has been described as having the first refractory layer and the second refractory layer, but is not limited thereto, and has a single refractory layer. It may have three or more refractory layers.
- Example 1 As an example of the present invention, the molten metal ladle described in the above embodiment was prepared.
- the radius of curvature R1 of the first arc was 4170 mm
- the radius of curvature R2 of the second arc was 4170 mm
- the minimum radius of curvature R3 MIN of the curved portion was 1700 mm. That is, 0.401 ⁇ R1 ⁇ R3 MIN ⁇ R1, 0.401 ⁇ R2 ⁇ R3 MIN ⁇ R2, R1 ⁇ R2.
- the radius of curvature R1 of the first arc was 4170 mm
- the radius of curvature R2 of the second arc was 4170 mm
- the minimum radius of curvature R3 MIN of the curved portion was 1150 mm. That is, R3 MIN ⁇ 0.401 ⁇ R1 and R3 MIN ⁇ 0.401 ⁇ R2.
- the minimum value of the remaining thickness of the refractory layer after use was measured.
- the initial thickness of the present invention example and the comparative example is “1”
- the relationship between the initial thickness of the refractory layer and the minimum value of the remaining thickness of the refractory layer, and the number of times of use for achieving the refractory life of the present invention is 1,
- the number of times of use to reach the refractory life is shown as a relative value. As shown in FIG.
- the molten metal ladle of the present invention has a thicker refractory layer after use than the molten metal ladle of the comparative example, and can extend the service life.
- the ladle volume could be expanded as compared with the ladle for molten metal having a horizontal horizontal section.
- Example 2 Test No. A to H, in a horizontal section including the trunnion shaft 18, a first arc having a center on an axis connecting the trunnion shafts, having a radius of curvature R1, and including a portion orthogonal to the trunnion axis, and a line perpendicular to the axis.
- the center of which is on the center axis, the radius of curvature is R2
- the second arc including a portion orthogonal to the center axis and the first arc and the second arc are connected
- the minimum radius of curvature is R3 MIN .
- Table 1 shows the relationship among R1, R2, and R3 MIN .
- Table 1 shows the ratio t2 / t1 of the thickness t1 of the first refractory layer (refractory brick) to the thickness t2 of the second refractory layer (irregular refractory).
- the horizontal cross section is circular.
- the effective volume was larger than that of A. Further, the generation of cracks in the refractory layer at the curved portion was able to be suppressed.
- the ratio t2 / t1 of the thickness t1 of the first refractory layer (refractory brick) to the thickness t2 of the second refractory layer (irregular refractory) was set to 1; E is No. with t2 / t1 being 0.5.
- the number of uses of the refractory until the remaining thickness of the refractory layer reached 40 mm was larger than that of F, and the life of the refractory layer could be extended.
- the ladle for molten metal which can suppress the thermal stress which acts on the ladle for molten metal, and can reduce the number of times of repair is provided. Can be provided.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2018年8月14日に、日本に出願された特願2018-152619号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
この溶融金属用取鍋においては、高温の溶融金属を保持するため、鉄製の取鍋本体と、この取鍋本体の内側に配設された耐火物層と、を備えた構造とされている。また、取鍋本体の幅方向の両側にトラニオン軸が設けられており、このトラニオン軸をクレーン等によって吊り上げられるとともに、トラニオン軸を中心に傾動可能な構成とされている。
従来、上述の溶融金属用取鍋としては、例えば特許文献1に示すように、取鍋本体の水平断面形状を円形状または楕円形状としたものが提案されている。
ここで、溶融金属用取鍋の鍋容積を大きくすることにより、耐火物層の補修作業までに取り扱う溶融金属量を増加させることができ、製造コストの低減を図ることが可能となる。
そこで、例えば、特許文献2においては、溶融金属用取鍋の外形を大きく変更することなく、鍋容積を拡大した溶融金属用取鍋が提案されている。この特許文献2に記載された溶融金属用取鍋においては、取鍋本体の水平断面形状を矩形形状に近似させることによって、鍋容積の拡大を図っている。また、水平断面を円弧で構成することで、角部における応力集中を抑制している。
ここで、特許文献2に記載された溶融金属用取鍋においては、水平断面を円弧で構成して角部の応力集中を抑制しているが、耐火物層への応力を十分に低減できておらず、耐火物層の補修回数が増加してしまうおそれがあった。また、最近では、溶融金属用取鍋の使用寿命の延長が求められており、取鍋本体への熱応力を低減して、取鍋本体の変形等を抑制する必要がある。
(1)式:0.401×R1<R3MIN<R1
(2)式:0.401×R2<R3MIN<R2
(3)式:R1≦R2
よって、溶融金属用取鍋の鍋容積を拡大することができるとともに、溶融金属用取鍋に作用する熱応力を抑えて補修回数を低減することができる。
この場合、耐火物層に応力が作用して亀裂が生じても、耐火レンガで構成された第1耐火物にまで亀裂が伝播することを抑制でき、第1耐火物層のさらに内側に配設された第2耐火物層を補修すればよい。第2耐火物層は不定形耐火物で構成されているので、比較的容易に補修することができる。また、第2耐火物層に作用する熱応力を抑えることで補修コストをさらに削減することが可能となる。
取鍋本体10は、その幅方向の両側にトラニオン軸18,18が設けられており、このトラニオン軸18,18を用いてクレーン等で搬送し、さらにトラニオン軸18,18を中心に傾動可能に構成されている。
具体的には、トラニオン軸18,18を結ぶ軸線S1上に中心を持ち、曲率半径がR1であり、トラニオン軸18と直交する部位を含む第1円弧11と、軸線S1に直交する中心軸S2上に中心を持ち、曲率半径がR2であり、中心軸S2と直交する部位を含む第2円弧12と、第1円弧11と第2円弧12とを結ぶ、最小曲率半径がR3MINである曲線部13と、を備えた形状とされている。
なお、本実施形態においては、取鍋本体10の水平断面の曲率半径R1,R2,R3MINは、取鍋本体10の内壁面で測定したものとされている。
また、第2円弧12は、トラニオン軸18,18を結ぶ軸線S1に直交する中心軸S2上に中心を有していることから、第1円弧11に対して直交する向きに形成されることになる。
そして、曲線部13は、これら第1円弧11と第2円弧12とが交差する角部に配置される。
(1)式:0.401×R1<R3MIN<R1
(2)式:0.401×R2<R3MIN<R2
(3)式:R1≦R2
なお、容積を確保するためには、曲線部13の最小曲率半径R3MINの上限を、0.9×R1及び0.9×R2とすることが好ましい。
このように、曲線部13の最小曲率半径R3MINの下限が規定されていることにより、第1円弧11と曲線部13、第2円弧12と曲線部13の接続部における応力集中を抑制することが可能となる。これにより、取鍋本体10の変形や、耐火物層20の劣化等を抑制することが可能となる。
ここで、本実施形態においては、第1耐火物層21は、耐火レンガを積み上げて形成されている。また、第2耐火物層22は、不定形耐火物で形成されている。なお、溶融金属の湯面が位置する領域には、溶損を抑制するために耐火レンガによって第2耐火物層22を形成してもよい。
第1耐火物層21の厚さt1と第2耐火物層22の厚さt2の比t2/t1は1以上であることが好ましく、2以上であることがより好ましい。
このように、溶融金属用取鍋1は、高温の溶銑又は溶鋼が注入、排出されることで、過酷な熱応力が繰り返し作用することになる。
そして、取鍋本体10の内側に配設された耐火物層20に亀裂等が生じた場合には、耐火物層20を補修して再度使用することになる。
例えば、本実施形態では、図1に示す構造のトラニオン軸を有する溶融金属用取鍋を例に挙げて説明したが、これに限定されることはなく、他の構造のトラニオン軸を有するものであってもよい。
さらに、本実施形態では、耐火物層を、第1耐火物層と第2耐火物層を有するものとして説明したが、これに限定されることはなく、1層の耐火物層を有するものであってもよし、3層以上の耐火物層を有するものであってもよい。
本発明例として、上述の実施形態に記載された溶融金属用取鍋を準備した。なお、第1円弧の曲率半径R1を4170mm、第2円弧の曲率半径R2を4170mm、曲線部の最小曲率半径R3MINを1700mmとした。すなわち、0.401×R1<R3MIN<R1,0.401×R2<R3MIN<R2,R1≦R2を満足するものとした。
比較例として、第1円弧の曲率半径R1を4170mm、第2円弧の曲率半径R2を4170mm、曲線部の最小曲率半径R3MINを1150mmとした。すなわち、R3MIN<0.401×R1,R3MIN<0.401×R2の関係を有するものとした。
図5に示すように、本発明例の溶融金属用取鍋は、比較例の溶融金属用取鍋に対して、使用後の耐火物層の残厚が厚く、使用寿命を延長可能であることが確認された。
また、本発明例の溶融金属用取鍋においては、水平断面が円形状の溶融金属用取鍋に比べて鍋容積を拡大することができた。
試験No.A~Hとして、トラニオン軸18を含む水平断面において、トラニオン軸を結ぶ軸線上に中心を持ち、曲率半径がR1であり、前記トラニオン軸と直交する部位を含む第1円弧と、前記軸線に直交する中心軸上に中心を持ち、曲率半径がR2であり、前記中心軸と直交する部位を含む第2円弧と、前記第1円弧と前記第2円弧とを結ぶ、最小曲率半径がR3MINである曲線部と、を備えた形状の溶融金属用取鍋を準備した。R1、R2、R3MINの関係を表1に示す。また、第1耐火物層(耐火レンガ)の厚さt1と第2耐火物層(不定形耐火物)の厚さt2の比t2/t1を表1に示す。
なお、R3MIN=0.401×R1及びR3MIN=0.401×R2としたNoEとNo.Fとを比較すると、第1耐火物層(耐火レンガ)の厚さt1と第2耐火物層(不定形耐火物)の厚さt2の比t2/t1を1としたNo.Eは、t2/t1を0.5としたNo.Fよりも、耐火物層の残厚が40mmに達するまでの耐火物の使用回数が多くなり、耐火物層の寿命延長を図ることができた。
10 取鍋本体
11 第1円弧
12 第2円弧
13 曲線部
18 トラニオン軸
20 耐火物層
21 第1耐火物層
22 第2耐火物層
Claims (2)
- 取鍋本体と、この取鍋本体の内側に配設された耐火物層と、を有し、前記取鍋本体の両側にトラニオン軸を備えた溶融金属用取鍋であって、
前記取鍋本体の前記トラニオン軸を含む水平断面が、
前記トラニオン軸を結ぶ軸線上に中心を持ち、曲率半径がR1であり、前記トラニオン軸と直交する部位を含む第1円弧と、
前記軸線に直交する中心軸上に中心を持ち、曲率半径がR2であり、前記中心軸と直交する部位を含む第2円弧と、
前記第1円弧と前記第2円弧とを結ぶ、最小曲率半径がR3MINである曲線部と、
を備えた非円形形状とされており、
前記第1円弧の曲率半径R1、前記第2円弧の曲率半径R2、前記曲線部の最小曲率半径R3MINが下記の(1)式から(3)式を満足することを特徴とする溶融金属用取鍋。
(1)式:0.401×R1<R3MIN<R1
(2)式:0.401×R2<R3MIN<R2
(3)式:R1≦R2 - 前記耐火物層は、前記取鍋本体側に配設された第1耐火物層と、この第1耐火物層の内側に配設された第2耐火物層と、を備えており、
前記第1耐火物層は耐火レンガで構成され、前記第2耐火物層は不定形耐火物で構成されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の溶融金属用取鍋。
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JP2010188405A (ja) * | 2009-02-20 | 2010-09-02 | Kobe Steel Ltd | 取鍋内の残鋼量の低減方法 |
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