WO2020035081A1 - 一种改性炭材料及降低碳质材料着火温度的方法 - Google Patents

一种改性炭材料及降低碳质材料着火温度的方法 Download PDF

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WO2020035081A1
WO2020035081A1 PCT/CN2019/107902 CN2019107902W WO2020035081A1 WO 2020035081 A1 WO2020035081 A1 WO 2020035081A1 CN 2019107902 W CN2019107902 W CN 2019107902W WO 2020035081 A1 WO2020035081 A1 WO 2020035081A1
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solution
carbonaceous material
modified carbon
cuo
modified
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PCT/CN2019/107902
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
雷萍
汤建国
陈永宽
尚善斋
郑绪东
李志强
龚为民
韩敬美
王程娅
吴俊�
何沛
许晓黎
曹东野
刘志华
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云南中烟工业有限责任公司
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Priority to EP19849601.0A priority Critical patent/EP3777569B1/en
Priority to AU2019320955A priority patent/AU2019320955B2/en
Priority to US17/049,027 priority patent/US11234456B2/en
Publication of WO2020035081A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020035081A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
    • A24B15/10—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
    • A24B15/16—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes of tobacco substitutes
    • A24B15/165—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes of tobacco substitutes comprising as heat source a carbon fuel or an oxidized or thermally degraded carbonaceous fuel, e.g. carbohydrates, cellulosic material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
    • C10B53/02—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/04—Raw material of mineral origin to be used; Pretreatment thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
    • C10L5/447—Carbonized vegetable substances, e.g. charcoal, or produced by hydrothermal carbonization of biomass
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L9/00—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion
    • C10L9/10—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion by using additives
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D1/00—Cigars; Cigarettes
    • A24D1/22—Cigarettes with integrated combustible heat sources, e.g. with carbonaceous heat sources
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2200/00—Components of fuel compositions
    • C10L2200/02—Inorganic or organic compounds containing atoms other than C, H or O, e.g. organic compounds containing heteroatoms or metal organic complexes
    • C10L2200/0204—Metals or alloys
    • C10L2200/0209—Group I metals: Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr, Cu, Ag, Au
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2200/00—Components of fuel compositions
    • C10L2200/02—Inorganic or organic compounds containing atoms other than C, H or O, e.g. organic compounds containing heteroatoms or metal organic complexes
    • C10L2200/0254—Oxygen containing compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2200/00—Components of fuel compositions
    • C10L2200/04—Organic compounds
    • C10L2200/0461—Fractions defined by their origin
    • C10L2200/0469—Renewables or materials of biological origin
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2230/00—Function and purpose of a components of a fuel or the composition as a whole
    • C10L2230/22—Function and purpose of a components of a fuel or the composition as a whole for improving fuel economy or fuel efficiency
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2270/00—Specifically adapted fuels
    • C10L2270/08—Specifically adapted fuels for small applications, such as tools, lamp oil, welding
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of tobacco products, and particularly relates to a modified carbon material for heating a non-combustible cigarette with a carbon source, a preparation method and an application thereof.
  • New tobacco products can be roughly divided into four categories: the first category is electronic cigarettes, the second category is heated non-combustion tobacco products, the third category is mouthful of tobacco, and the fourth category is some other types of tobacco products.
  • non-burning tobacco products that have been heated have gained market favor because they fully retain the texture of traditional tobacco.
  • the main feature of heating non-burning tobacco products is to use external heat sources to heat the tobacco rather than ignite the tobacco, which is the most essential difference from traditional tobacco.
  • Carbonaceous heat source is one of its main heat sources, and its performance is directly related to the quality of tobacco.
  • the properties of the carbonaceous heat source directly affect the properties of the carbonaceous heat source.
  • the raw materials for preparing carbonaceous heat sources are biomass materials, such as coconut shell, bamboo, fruit wood, and paper and cellulose.
  • the carbonaceous heat source prepared from biomass materials has many disadvantages. If the combustion performance of the carbonaceous heat source is to be precisely regulated, it will be difficult to achieve.
  • Chinese patent CN107033938 discloses a method for preparing a carbon material for a carbon heating cigarette heating body with controlled combustion performance.
  • the method uses pure cellulose as a carbon source, controls different pyrolysis temperatures, and obtains a series of carbon materials with different combustion characteristics. , And then mix them to achieve the regulation of combustion performance.
  • the ignitability, uniformity of heat release, and controllability of the burning rate of the carbonaceous heat source obtained by the patent still need to be improved.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to address the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, and to provide a modified carbon material for heating a non-combustible cigarette with a carbon source and a method for preparing the same. At the same time, the combustion characteristics of modified carbon materials are easy to regulate carbon.
  • the first aspect of the present invention discloses a modified carbon material, which includes a carbonaceous material and a water-insoluble modifier combined therewith; the modifier is CuO.
  • the carbonaceous material is one of biomass carbon or carbon black or a mixture thereof.
  • Biochar refers to the carbon materials obtained from biomass materials, such as coconut shell, bamboo, fruit wood, oak, and paper and cellulose.
  • the mass of the modifier is 0.1-10 wt% of CuO in the carbonaceous material.
  • a second aspect of the invention discloses a method for reducing the ignition temperature of a carbonaceous material, increasing the peak thermal power, and / or reducing the peak thermal power temperature, including the following steps:
  • the carbonaceous material is immersed in a copper sulfate solution for 5 to 36 hours, and the ratio of the carbonaceous material and copper sulfate is controlled so that the final CuO mass in the modified carbon material accounts for 0.1-10 wt% of the carbonaceous material;
  • step (2) adding an alkali solution to the solution in step (1) to make the pH value ⁇ 12, and filtering after maintaining for 0.5-2h, and the solid obtained by drying is the modified carbon material according to claim 1;
  • the modified carbon material is used as a combustion heat source.
  • the concentration of the copper sulfate solution in step (1) is 0.5-3 wt%.
  • the alkali solution in step (2) is a sodium hydroxide solution or a potassium hydroxide solution, and its concentration is 1-50% by weight.
  • the drying temperature described in step (2) is 80-95 ° C.
  • the ignition temperature is reduced by at least 150 ° C
  • the peak thermal power is increased by at least 50%
  • the peak thermal power temperature is decreased by at least 95 ° C.
  • the present invention uses CuO as a modifier to modify carbonaceous materials for the first time.
  • the obtained modified carbon material is used for charcoal heating and non-combustion cigarettes.
  • the heat source has the advantages of wide combustion characteristics and controllable combustion characteristics; that is, the invention uses CuO.
  • the modified carbon material modified as a modifier has the characteristics of easy ignition, uniform heat release, and controllable combustion rate.
  • the ignition temperature is reduced by at least 150 ° C, the peak thermal power is increased by at least 50%, and the peak thermal power temperature is decreased by at least 95 ° C.
  • the preparation method of the present invention is simple. According to actual needs, commonly used carbon powder, that is, biomass carbon and industrially produced carbon black, can be selected, the production cost is lower, and the method is suitable for large-scale process controllable preparation.
  • FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of a method for preparing a modified carbon material according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a thermogravimetric curve of modified carbon powder and 10000 mesh oak carbon powder in Examples 1-7.
  • FIG. 3 is a differential thermogravimetric curve of modified carbon powder and 10000 mesh oak carbon powder in Examples 1-7.
  • FIG. 4 is a DSC curve of modified carbon powder and 10000 mesh oak carbon powder in Examples 1-7.
  • FIG. 5 is a thermogravimetric curve of modified carbon powder and C311 carbon black in Examples 8-14.
  • FIG. 7 is a DSC curve of modified carbon powder and C311 carbon black in Examples 8-14.
  • FIG. 8 is a thermogravimetric curve of the mixed carbon powder of Example 15.
  • FIG. 9 is a DSC curve of the mixed carbon powder of Example 15.
  • step (2) Stir the soaking solution in step (1), and slowly add a 10% by weight sodium hydroxide solution during the stirring process until the pH value reaches 13, stop adding the sodium hydroxide solution, and continue stirring the solution for 1h. Suction filtration and washing are performed until the powder is neutral, dried at 90 ° C, and milled to obtain the modified carbon powder (2wt% CuO).
  • step (2) Stir the soaking solution in step (1), and slowly add a 20% by weight sodium hydroxide solution during the stirring process until the pH reaches 13, stop adding the sodium hydroxide solution, and continue to stir the solution for 1h. Suction filtration and washing are performed until the powder is neutral, dried at 90 ° C, and milled to obtain the modified carbon powder (4 wt% CuO).
  • step (2) Stir the soaking solution in step (1), and slowly add a 20% by weight sodium hydroxide solution during the stirring process until the pH reaches 13, stop adding the sodium hydroxide solution, and continue to stir the solution for 1h. Perform suction filtration and cleaning to neutrality, dry at 90 ° C, and mill to obtain the modified carbon powder (6wt% CuO).
  • step (2) Stir the soaking solution in step (1), and slowly add a 20% by weight sodium hydroxide solution during the stirring process until the pH reaches 13, stop adding the sodium hydroxide solution, and continue to stir the solution for 1h. Suction filtration and washing are performed until the powder is neutral, dried at 90 ° C, and milled to obtain the modified carbon powder (8 wt% CuO).
  • step (2) Stir the soaking solution in step (1). During the stirring process, slowly add a 1% by weight sodium hydroxide solution until the pH reaches 13, stop adding the sodium hydroxide solution, and continue to stir the solution for 1h. Perform suction filtration and washing to neutrality, dry at 90 ° C, and mill to obtain the modified carbon powder (1wt% CuO).
  • step (2) Stir the soaking solution in step (1). During the stirring process, slowly add a 1% by weight sodium hydroxide solution until the pH reaches 13, stop adding the sodium hydroxide solution, and continue to stir the solution for 1h. Suction filtration and washing are performed until the powder is neutral, dried at 90 ° C, and milled to obtain the modified carbon powder (1% wtCuO).
  • step (2) Stir the soaking solution in step (1). During the stirring process, slowly add a 1% by weight sodium hydroxide solution until the pH reaches 13, stop adding the sodium hydroxide solution, and continue to stir the solution for 1h. Suction filtration and washing are performed until the powder is neutral, dried at 90 ° C, and milled to obtain the modified carbon powder (0.5 wt% CuO).
  • C311 carbon black (C311 is a brand of carbon black) is immersed in a CuSO 4 solution with a concentration of 6.25 g / L (the mass ratio of CuSO 4 ⁇ 5H 2 O solids to C311 carbon black solids is 6.25: 100), Soak for 24h.
  • step (2) Stir the soaking solution in step (1), and slowly add a 10% by weight sodium hydroxide solution during the stirring process until the pH value reaches 13, stop adding the sodium hydroxide solution, and continue stirring the solution for 1h. Perform centrifugal cleaning to neutrality, dry at 90 ° C, and mill to obtain the modified carbon powder (2wt% CuO).
  • C311 carbon black (C311 is a brand of carbon black) is immersed in a CuSO 4 solution with a concentration of 12.5g / L (the mass ratio of CuSO 4 ⁇ 5H 2 O solids to C311 carbon black solids is 12.5: 100), Soak for 24h.
  • step (2) Stir the soaking solution in step (1), and slowly add a 20% by weight sodium hydroxide solution during the stirring process until the pH reaches 13, stop adding the sodium hydroxide solution, and continue to stir the solution for 1h. Centrifugal cleaning to neutrality, drying at 90 to obtain the modified carbon powder, and grinding to obtain the modified carbon powder (4wt% CuO).
  • C311 carbon black (C311 is a brand of carbon black) is immersed in a CuSO 4 solution with a concentration of 18.75 g / L (the mass ratio of CuSO 4 ⁇ 5H 2 O solids to C311 carbon black solids is 18.75: 100), Soak for 24h.
  • step (2) Stir the soaking solution in step (1), and slowly add a 20% by weight sodium hydroxide solution during the stirring process until the pH reaches 13, stop adding the sodium hydroxide solution, and continue to stir the solution for 1h. Centrifugal cleaning to neutrality, drying at 90 ° C., and milling, to obtain the modified carbon powder (6wt% CuO).
  • C311 carbon black (C311 is a brand of carbon black) is immersed in a CuSO 4 solution with a concentration of 25 g / L (the mass ratio of CuSO 4 ⁇ 5H 2 O solids to C311 carbon black solids is 1: 4) and soaked. 24h.
  • step (2) Stir the soaking solution in step (1), and slowly add a 20% by weight sodium hydroxide solution during the stirring process until the pH reaches 13, stop adding the sodium hydroxide solution, and continue to stir the solution for 1h. Centrifugal cleaning to neutrality, drying at 90 ° C., and milling, to obtain the modified carbon powder (8wt% CuO).
  • C311 carbon black (C311 is a brand of carbon black) is immersed in a CuSO 4 solution with a concentration of 3.13 g / L (the mass ratio of CuSO 4 ⁇ 5H 2 O solids to C311 carbon black solids is 3.13: 100), Soak for 24h.
  • step (2) Stir the soaking solution in step (1). During the stirring process, slowly add a 1% by weight sodium hydroxide solution until the pH reaches 13, stop adding the sodium hydroxide solution, and continue to stir the solution for 1h. Centrifugal cleaning to neutrality, drying at 90 ° C., and milling, to obtain the modified carbon powder (1 wt% CuO).
  • C311 carbon black (C311 is a brand of carbon black) in a CuSO 4 solution with a concentration of 1.56g / L (the mass ratio of CuSO 4 ⁇ 5H 2 O solids to C311 carbon black solids is 1.56: 100), Soak for 24h.
  • step (2) Stir the soaking solution in step (1). During the stirring process, slowly add a 1% by weight sodium hydroxide solution until the pH reaches 13, stop adding the sodium hydroxide solution, and continue to stir the solution for 1h. Centrifugal cleaning to neutrality, drying at 90 ° C., and milling, to obtain the modified carbon black (1 wt% CuO).
  • C311 carbon black (C311 is a brand of carbon black) is immersed in a CuSO 4 solution with a concentration of 1.56g / L (the mass ratio of CuSO 4 ⁇ 5H 2 O solids to C311 carbon black solids is 1.56: 100), Soak for 24h.
  • step (2) Stir the soaking solution in step (1). During the stirring process, slowly add a 1% by weight sodium hydroxide solution until the pH reaches 13, stop adding the sodium hydroxide solution, and continue to stir the solution for 1h. After centrifugal washing to neutrality, drying at 90 ° C, and milling, a CuO modified carbon powder is obtained, which is recorded as modified carbon black (0.5% CuO).
  • a NETZSCH STA449F3 thermal analyzer was used to perform the thermal analysis test on Examples 1-14 and unmodified oak charcoal and C311 carbon black.
  • the heating rate was 10 ° C / min, and the atmosphere was simulated air.
  • the specific combustion characteristics are calculated according to the standard GB / T 33304-2016, as shown in Tables 1 and 2.
  • Table 1 shows the combustion characteristics of modified oak charcoal powder compounded with different proportions of CuO.
  • Table 2 Combustion characteristics of modified C311 carbon black.
  • the thermal weight, differential thermal weight, and DSC curve of oak carbon powder modified with different contents of CuO show a regular shift to the low temperature region, and the ignition temperature has been achieved from 454.7- Regulation at 488.8 ° C.
  • Other combustion characteristics parameters can also be effectively changed.
  • the DSC curve fractal of 4wt% CuO modified oak charcoal has the shortest peak shape, and its heat release is relatively gentle during the programmed temperature rise.
  • the thermal weight, differential thermal weight, and DSC curve of C311 carbon black modified with different contents of CuO are significantly shifted to the low temperature area compared to C311 carbon black, and the ignition temperature is achieved. Regulation from 412.1-600.0 ° C.
  • Other combustion characteristic parameters can also be effectively changed, such as the peak thermal power is significantly increased, and the peak thermal power temperature is significantly reduced.
  • the modified carbon powder and the oak carbon powder in Example 2 were stirred and mixed in a kneader at a mass ratio of 3: 7 to obtain a new modified carbon powder, and the thermal analysis performance was further tested. From the curves of FIG. 8 and FIG. 9, it can be seen that the peak shape of the new modified carbon powder obtained after mixing is more dwarf than the modified carbon powder of Example 2 and the original oak carbon powder, and it is heated up in the program The heat release is relatively smooth.
  • This example illustrates the modified carbon powder modified by CuO. The higher the content of CuO, the better.

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Abstract

一种改性炭材料，其包括碳质材料和与其结合的不溶于水的改性剂；改性剂为CuO；碳质材料为生物质炭或炭黑中的一种或者其混合物，改性剂的质量占碳质材料的0.1-10wt％，当将其作为燃烧热源时，能够降低碳质材料着火温度、提高峰值热功率和/或降低峰值热功率温度。

Description

一种改性炭材料及降低碳质材料着火温度的方法 技术领域
本发明属于烟草制品技术领域，具体涉及一种炭加热不燃烧卷烟用热源的改性炭材料、其制备方法及用途。
背景技术
随着人们对健康的要求的不断提高，烟草行业出现了适宜这一要求的新型烟草制品。新型烟草制品大概可以分四个大类：第一类是电子烟、第二类是加热不燃烧烟草制品、第三类是口含烟、第四类是其他一些种类的烟草制品。其中以加热不燃烧烟草制品由于其充分保留了传统烟草的质感而获得市场青睐。加热不燃烧烟草制品的主要特点是利用外部热源加热烟草而不是点燃烟草，这是与传统烟草最本质的区别。炭质热源是其的一种主要热源，其性能好坏直接关系烟草的品质。根据炭加热卷烟的特点，其是否易燃、释热是否均匀以及燃烧速率是否可控等因素都直接关系到炭加热卷烟的品质的发挥和用户的体验。作为炭质热源的原料炭材料的性质直接影响炭质热源的性质。目前制备炭质热源的原料为生物质材料，例如椰壳、竹子、果木，以及纸、纤维素等。但是生物质材料制备的炭质热源存在较多缺点，如果要对炭质热源的燃烧性能进行精确调控，将难以实现。例如中国专利CN107033938公开了一种燃烧性能可控的炭加热卷烟供热体用炭材料的制备方法，其采用纯纤维素为碳源，控制不同热解温度，获得一系列不同燃烧特性的炭材料，然后将其混合，最终实现对燃烧性能的调控。但该专利得到的炭质热源的易点燃性、释热均匀性和燃烧速率可控性等方面仍然有待提高。
因此提供一种易点燃、燃烧速率可控且放热均匀的炭质热源十分必要，同时该炭质热源的成本要低且适合工业化生产。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题针对上述现有技术的不足，提供一种炭加热不燃烧卷烟用热源的改性炭材料及其制备方法，该改性炭材料成本低，其制备方法简单适合工业化生产，同时改性炭材料的燃烧特性容易调控炭。
本发明第一方面公开了一种改性炭材料，其包括碳质材料和与其结合的不溶于水的改性剂；所述改性剂为CuO。
优选地，所述碳质材料为生物质炭或炭黑中的一种或者其混合物。生物炭即由生物质材料，例如椰壳、竹子、果木、橡木以及纸、纤维素等得到的炭材料。
优选地，所述改性剂为CuO的质量占所述碳质材料的0.1-10wt％。
本发明第二方面公开了降低碳质材料着火温度、提高峰值热功率和/或降低峰值热功率温度的方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)将碳质材料浸泡于硫酸铜溶液中保持5-36h，所述碳质材料与硫酸铜比例控制为使得最终所述改性炭材料中CuO质量占碳质材料的0.1-10wt％；
(2)向步骤(1)的溶液中加入碱溶液，使pH值≥12，保持0.5-2h后过滤，干燥得到的固体物即为权利要求1所述的改性炭材料；
(3)将所述改性炭材料用作燃烧热源。
优选地，步骤(1)中所述硫酸铜溶液浓度为0.5-3wt％。
优选地，步骤(2)中所述碱溶液为氢氧化钠溶液或氢氧化钾溶液，其浓度为1-50wt％。
优选地，步骤(2)中所述的干燥温度为80-95℃。
优选地，所述着火温度降低至少150℃，所述峰值热功率提高至少50％，所述峰值热功率温度降低至少95℃。
本发明的有益效果
1、本发明首次使用CuO作为改性剂改性碳质材料，得到的改性炭材料用于炭加热不燃烧卷烟用热源具有燃烧特性覆盖宽且燃烧特性可控的优点；即本发明使用CuO作为改性剂改性得到的改性炭材料具有易点燃、放热均匀和燃烧速率可控等的特性。着火温度降低至少150℃，峰值热功率提高至少50％，峰值热功率温度降低至少95℃。
2、本发明的制备方法简单，可以根据实际需要，选择常用的炭粉即生物质炭和工业大规模生产的炭黑，生产成本更低，适合大规模工艺可控地制备。
附图说明
图1为本发明的改性炭材料的制备方法的工艺流程图。
图2为实施例1-7中改性炭粉和10000目橡木炭粉的热重曲线。
图3为实施例1-7中改性炭粉和10000目橡木炭粉的微分热重曲线。
图4为实施例1-7中改性炭粉和10000目橡木炭粉的DSC曲线。
图5为实施例8-14中改性炭粉和C311炭黑的热重曲线。
图6为实施例8-14中改性炭粉和C311炭黑的微分热重曲线。
图7为实施例8-14中改性炭粉和C311炭黑的DSC曲线。
图8为实施例15的混合炭粉的热重曲线。
图9为实施例15的混合炭粉的DSC曲线。
具体实施方式
以下通过具体实施方式对本发明发明作进一步的详细说明，但不应将此理解为本发明的范围仅限于以下实例。在不脱离本发明方法思想的情况下，根据本领域普通技术知识和惯用手段做出的各种替换或变更，均应包含在本发明的范围内。本发明的改性炭材料的制备方法的工艺流程图如图1所示。
实施例1
(1)将10000目橡木炭粉(橡木经过高温炭化，粉碎而成)浸入浓度为6.25g/L的CuSO 4溶液中(CuSO 4·5H 2O固体与橡木炭粉固体质量比为6.25:100)，浸泡24h。
(2)对(1)步骤中的浸泡液进行搅拌，在搅拌的过程中缓慢加入浓度为10wt％的氢氧化钠溶液，直到pH值达到13，停止加入氢氧化钠溶液，继续搅拌溶液1h，进行抽滤清洗至中性，在90℃下干燥，经过碾磨，即得到所述的改性炭粉(2wt％CuO)。
实施例2
(1)将10000目橡木炭粉(橡木经过高温炭化，粉碎而成)浸入浓度为12.5g/L的CuSO 4溶液中(CuSO 4·5H 2O固体与橡木炭粉固体质量比为12.5:100)，浸泡24h。
(2)对(1)步骤中的浸泡液进行搅拌，在搅拌的过程中缓慢加入浓度为20wt％的氢氧化钠溶液，直到pH值达到13，停止加入氢氧化钠溶液，继续搅拌溶液1h，进行抽滤清洗至中性，在90℃下干燥，经过碾磨，即得到所述是改性炭粉(4wt％CuO)。
实施例3
(1)将10000目橡木炭粉(橡木经过高温炭化，粉碎而成)浸入浓度为18.75g/L的CuSO 4溶液中(CuSO 4·5H 2O固体与橡木炭粉固体质量比为18.75:100)，浸泡24h。
(2)对(1)步骤中的浸泡液进行搅拌，在搅拌的过程中缓慢加入浓度为20wt％的氢氧化钠溶液，直到pH值达到13，停止加入氢氧化钠溶液，继续搅拌溶液1h，进行抽滤清洗至中性，在90℃下干燥，经过碾磨，即得到所述的改性炭粉(6wt％CuO).
实施例4
(1)将10000目橡木炭粉(橡木经过高温炭化，粉碎而成)浸入浓度为25g/L的CuSO 4溶液中(CuSO 4·5H 2O固体与橡木炭粉固体质量比为1:4)，浸泡24h。
(2)对(1)步骤中的浸泡液进行搅拌，在搅拌的过程中缓慢加入浓度为20wt％的氢氧化钠溶液，直到pH值达到13，停止加入氢氧化钠溶液，继续搅拌溶液1h，进行抽滤清洗至中性，在90℃下干燥，经过碾磨，即得到所述改性炭粉(8wt％CuO)。
实施例5
(1)将10000目橡木炭粉(橡木经过高温炭化，粉碎而成)浸入浓度为3.13g/L的CuSO 4溶液中(CuSO 4·5H 2O固体与橡木炭粉固体质量比为3.13:100)，浸泡24h。
(2)对(1)步骤中的浸泡液进行搅拌，在搅拌的过程中缓慢加入浓度为1wt％的氢氧化钠溶液，直到pH值达到13，停止加入氢氧化钠溶液，继续搅拌溶液1h，进行抽滤清洗至中性，在90℃下干燥，经过碾磨，即得到所述改性炭粉(1wt％CuO).
实施例6
(1)将10000目橡木炭粉(橡木经过高温炭化，粉碎而成)浸入浓度为1.56g/L的CuSO 4溶液中(CuSO 4·5H 2O固体与橡木炭粉固体质量比为1.56:100)，浸泡24h。
(2)对(1)步骤中的浸泡液进行搅拌，在搅拌的过程中缓慢加入浓度为1wt％的氢氧化钠溶液，直到pH值达到13，停止加入氢氧化钠溶液，继续搅拌溶液1h，进行抽滤清洗至中性，在90℃下干燥，经过碾磨，即得到所述改性炭粉(1％wtCuO)。
实施例7
(1)将10000目橡木炭粉(橡木经过高温炭化，粉碎而成)浸入浓度为1.56g/L的CuSO 4溶液中(CuSO 4·5H 2O固体与橡木炭粉固体质量比为1.56:100)，浸泡24h。
(2)对(1)步骤中的浸泡液进行搅拌，在搅拌的过程中缓慢加入浓度为1wt％的氢氧化钠溶液，直到pH值达到13，停止加入氢氧化钠溶液，继续搅拌溶液1h，进行抽滤清洗至中性，在90℃下干燥，经过碾磨，即得到所述改性炭粉(0.5wt％CuO)。
实施例8
(1)将C311炭黑(C311是炭黑的一种牌号)浸入浓度为6.25g/L的CuSO 4溶液中(CuSO 4·5H 2O固体与C311炭黑固体质量比为6.25:100)，浸泡24h。
(2)对(1)步骤中的浸泡液进行搅拌，在搅拌的过程中缓慢加入浓度为10wt％的氢氧化钠溶液，直到pH值达到13，停止加入氢氧化钠溶液，继续搅拌溶液1h，进行离心清洗至中性，在90℃下干燥，经过碾磨，即得到即得到所述改性炭粉(2wt％CuO).
实施例9
(1)将C311炭黑(C311是炭黑的一种牌号)浸入浓度为12.5g/L的CuSO 4溶液中(CuSO 4·5H 2O固体与C311炭黑固体质量比为12.5:100)，浸泡24h。
(2)对(1)步骤中的浸泡液进行搅拌，在搅拌的过程中缓慢加入浓度为20wt％的氢氧化钠溶液，直到pH值达到13，停止加入氢氧化钠溶液，继续搅拌溶液1h，进行离心清洗至中性，在90即得到所述改性炭粉下干燥，经过碾磨，即得到所述改性炭粉(4wt％CuO)。
实施例10
(1)将C311炭黑(C311是炭黑的一种牌号)浸入浓度为18.75g/L的CuSO 4溶液中(CuSO 4·5H 2O固体与C311炭黑固体质量比为18.75:100)，浸泡24h。
(2)对(1)步骤中的浸泡液进行搅拌，在搅拌的过程中缓慢加入浓度为20wt％的氢氧化钠溶液，直到pH值达到13，停止加入氢氧化钠溶液，继续搅拌溶液1h，进行离心清洗至中性，在90℃下干燥，经过碾磨，即得到所述改性炭粉(6wt％CuO)。
实施例11
(1)将C311炭黑(C311是炭黑的一种牌号)浸入浓度为25g/L的CuSO 4溶液中(CuSO 4·5H 2O固体与C311炭黑固体质量比为1:4)，浸泡24h。
(2)对(1)步骤中的浸泡液进行搅拌，在搅拌的过程中缓慢加入浓度为 20wt％的氢氧化钠溶液，直到pH值达到13，停止加入氢氧化钠溶液，继续搅拌溶液1h，进行离心清洗至中性，在90℃下干燥，经过碾磨，即得到所述改性炭粉(8wt％CuO)。
实施例12
(1)将C311炭黑(C311是炭黑的一种牌号)浸入浓度为3.13g/L的CuSO 4溶液中(CuSO 4·5H 2O固体与C311炭黑固体质量比为3.13:100)，浸泡24h。
(2)对(1)步骤中的浸泡液进行搅拌，在搅拌的过程中缓慢加入浓度为1wt％的氢氧化钠溶液，直到pH值达到13，停止加入氢氧化钠溶液，继续搅拌溶液1h，进行离心清洗至中性，在90℃下干燥，经过碾磨，即得到所述改性炭粉(1wt％CuO)。
实施例13
(1)将C311炭黑(C311是炭黑的一种牌号)浸入浓度为1.56g/L的CuSO 4溶液中(CuSO 4·5H 2O固体与C311炭黑固体质量比为1.56:100)，浸泡24h。
(2)对(1)步骤中的浸泡液进行搅拌，在搅拌的过程中缓慢加入浓度为1wt％的氢氧化钠溶液，直到pH值达到13，停止加入氢氧化钠溶液，继续搅拌溶液1h，进行离心清洗至中性，在90℃下干燥，经过碾磨，即得到所述改性炭黑(1wt％CuO)。
实施例14
(1)将C311炭黑(C311是炭黑的一种牌号)浸入浓度为1.56g/L的CuSO 4溶液中(CuSO 4·5H 2O固体与C311炭黑固体质量比为1.56:100)，浸泡24h。
(2)对(1)步骤中的浸泡液进行搅拌，在搅拌的过程中缓慢加入浓度为1wt％的氢氧化钠溶液，直到pH值达到13，停止加入氢氧化钠溶液，继续搅拌溶液1h，进行离心清洗至中性，在90℃下干燥，经过碾磨，即得到CuO改性炭粉，记为改性炭黑(0.5％CuO)。
热分析性能测试与分析：
测试采用NETZSCH STA449F3热分析仪对实施例1-14以及未改性的橡木炭和C311炭黑进行热分析测试，升温速度10℃/min，气氛为模拟空气。基于热分析数据，依据标准GB/T 33304-2016计算具体燃烧特性数据，如表1、2所示；表1为复合不同比例CuO的改性橡木炭粉燃烧特性；表2复合不同比例CuO的改性 C311炭黑燃烧特性。
如图2、3和4以及表1所示，不同含量CuO改性的橡木炭粉，其热重、微分热重和DSC曲线呈现规律性的向低温区移动，对于着火温度实现了从454.7-488.8℃的调控。其他燃烧特性参数也能有效变动，其中4wt％CuO改性橡木炭的DSC曲线分形具有最为矮胖的峰型，其在程序升温过程释热相对平缓。
表1复合不同比例CuO的改性橡木炭粉燃烧特性
Figure PCTCN2019107902-appb-000001
如图5、6和7以及表2所示，不同含量CuO改性的C311炭黑，其热重、微分热重和DSC曲线相对C311炭黑，大幅度向低温区移动，对于着火温度实现了从412.1-600.0℃的调控。其他燃烧特性参数也能有效变动，如峰值热功率有明显提高，峰值热功率温度明显降低。
表2复合不同比例CuO的改性C311炭黑燃烧特性
Figure PCTCN2019107902-appb-000002
实施例15
将实施例2中的改性炭粉和橡木炭粉按照3:7的质量比在捏合机中进行搅拌混合，获得新的改性炭粉，进一步测试其热分析性能。从图8和图9的曲线，可看出，混合后获得的新的改性炭粉，其峰型相对实施例2的改性炭粉和原始的橡木炭粉更加矮胖，其在程序升温过程释热相对更加平缓。本实施例说明CuO改性的改性炭粉，CuO的含量不是越高越好。

Claims (6)

  1. 一种改性炭材料，其特征在于，其包括碳质材料和与其结合的不溶于水的改性剂；所述改性剂为CuO；所述碳质材料为生物质炭或炭黑中的一种或者其混合物，所述改性剂的质量占所述碳质材料的0.1-10wt％。
  2. 一种降低碳质材料着火温度、提高峰值热功率和/或降低峰值热功率温度的方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
    (1)将碳质材料浸泡于硫酸铜溶液中保持5-36h，所述碳质材料与硫酸铜比例控制为使得最终所述改性炭材料中CuO质量占碳质材料的0.1-10wt％；
    (2)向步骤(1)的溶液中加入碱溶液，使pH值≥12，保持0.5-2h后过滤，干燥得到的固体物即为权利要求1所述的改性炭材料；
    (3)将所述改性炭材料用作燃烧热源。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，步骤(1)中所述硫酸铜溶液浓度为0.5-3wt％。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，步骤(2)中所述碱溶液为氢氧化钠溶液或氢氧化钾溶液，其浓度为1-50wt％。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，步骤(2)中所述的干燥温度为80-95℃。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述着火温度降低至少150℃，所述峰值热功率提高至少50％，所述峰值热功率温度降低至少95℃。
PCT/CN2019/107902 2018-08-13 2019-09-25 一种改性炭材料及降低碳质材料着火温度的方法 WO2020035081A1 (zh)

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