WO2020027341A1 - 表面処理被膜を有する外科用電極 - Google Patents
表面処理被膜を有する外科用電極 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020027341A1 WO2020027341A1 PCT/JP2019/030640 JP2019030640W WO2020027341A1 WO 2020027341 A1 WO2020027341 A1 WO 2020027341A1 JP 2019030640 W JP2019030640 W JP 2019030640W WO 2020027341 A1 WO2020027341 A1 WO 2020027341A1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B18/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
- A61B18/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
- A61B18/14—Probes or electrodes therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G77/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G77/04—Polysiloxanes
- C08G77/12—Polysiloxanes containing silicon bound to hydrogen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G77/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G77/04—Polysiloxanes
- C08G77/20—Polysiloxanes containing silicon bound to unsaturated aliphatic groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L83/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L83/04—Polysiloxanes
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D179/00—Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen, with or without oxygen, or carbon only, not provided for in groups C09D161/00 - C09D177/00
- C09D179/02—Polyamines
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- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D183/00—Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D183/04—Polysiloxanes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D183/00—Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D183/04—Polysiloxanes
- C09D183/06—Polysiloxanes containing silicon bound to oxygen-containing groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/60—Additives non-macromolecular
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/60—Additives non-macromolecular
- C09D7/63—Additives non-macromolecular organic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C26/00—Coating not provided for in groups C23C2/00 - C23C24/00
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
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- A61B18/14—Probes or electrodes therefor
- A61B18/1442—Probes having pivoting end effectors, e.g. forceps
- A61B18/1445—Probes having pivoting end effectors, e.g. forceps at the distal end of a shaft, e.g. forceps or scissors at the end of a rigid rod
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a surgical electrode having a surface-treated coating that can be suitably used for an electrosurgical instrument used as a medical device and used for surgery on a living tissue.
- an electrosurgical instrument that can stop or coagulate (bleach) or cut down by discharging high-frequency current generated from the main body from the surgical electrode to the living tissue is required Has become indispensable.
- an electric scalpel a problem of "eschar” in which carbides such as living tissue adhere to the tip of the electric scalpel is known.
- a method of mass-producing a plurality of electrodes that can be connected to a power source including providing a conductive stock material, the stock material having a shape and dimensions capable of forming a plurality of electrode blanks,
- a method has been proposed, further comprising a step of coating at least a part of a non-adhesive layer and a step of forming a plurality of coated electrode blanks (see Patent Document 1).
- the present invention solves such a problem, and is a surgical electrode of an electrosurgical instrument used for surgery on a living tissue, in which carbide such as a living tissue hardly adheres, and the surgical electrode and An object of the present invention is to provide a surgical electrode having a coating having excellent adhesion.
- the inventors of the present invention have been studying to solve the above problems, and have a base coat formed from a surface treatment agent containing a compound having at least an amino group between a silicone resin-based coat and a surgical electrode.
- the present inventors have found that it is possible to provide a film that is not easily adhered to carbides such as a living tissue and has excellent adhesion to a surgical electrode, and completed the present invention.
- the present invention can include the following.
- a surgical electrode of an electrosurgical instrument used for surgery on a living tissue The surgical electrode has a tip that can emit high frequency, The tip has a surface treatment film including a first film and a second film in this order, The first film is formed by bringing a surface treatment agent (X) into contact with at least the entire surface or a part of the tip or the surface thereof, and the surface treatment agent (X) has at least an amino group.
- Containing a compound having The second coating is formed by bringing a surface treatment agent (Y) into contact with all or a part of the surface of the first coating, and the surface treatment agent (Y) is formed of a silicone resin (A), titanium, A compound (B) containing a metal element selected from platinum, rhodium and palladium, and an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent (C), (I)
- the content of the silicone resin (A) is in the range of 90% by mass or more and 99.9% by mass or less based on the total solid content of the silicone resin (A) and the compound (B).
- the surface treatment agent (Y) further includes a silane coupling agent having a vinyl group and / or a silane coupling agent having an epoxy group, and the mass (A M ) and the silane coupling agent having a vinyl group
- the surgery according to ⁇ 1>, wherein the ratio (D M / A M ) to the total mass (D M ) of the ring agent and the silane coupling agent having an epoxy group is in the range of 0.005 to 0.251.
- a surgical electrode of an electrosurgical instrument used for an operation on a living tissue wherein the surgical electrode has a coating to which carbides such as a living tissue are hardly adhered and which has excellent adhesion to the surgical electrode. Electrodes can be provided.
- FIG. 1 It is a schematic diagram which shows an example (blade electrode) of a surgical electrode (electric scalpel). It is a schematic diagram which shows an example (loop type electrode) of a surgical electrode (electric scalpel). It is a schematic diagram which shows an example (ball type electrode) of a surgical electrode (electric scalpel). It is a schematic diagram which shows an example (needle type electrode) of a surgical electrode (electric scalpel). It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of a surgical electrode (laparoscopic). (A) shows a wire L-shaped hook type, (b) shows a straight spatula type, (c) shows a wire J-shaped hook type, and (d) shows a syringe type.
- a surgical electrode having a surface-treated coating includes a surgical electrode of an electrosurgical instrument used for surgery on a living tissue, a first coating on the surface of the surgical electrode, and a first coating on the surface. And a surface treatment film containing the two films in this order.
- a passivation film or a metal oxide film included in the surgical electrode may be provided between the surgical electrode and the first film, but these films may not be provided.
- a surgical electrode is an electrode that is detachably attached to the tip of an electrosurgical instrument such as a so-called electric scalpel, and emits high frequency from the tip of the electrode to living tissue to stop bleeding (coagulation) or For example, a living tissue can be incised.
- Surgical electrodes are comprised of a conductive material.
- iron-based metal materials galvanized metal materials, aluminum-based metal materials, magnesium-based metal materials, nickel-based metal materials, titanium-based metal materials, zirconium-based metal materials, copper-based metal materials, and tin-based metals Materials, tungsten-based metal materials, chromium-based metal materials, manganese-based metal materials, molybdenum-based metal materials, cobalt-based metal materials, and the like can be given, and stainless steel is more preferable.
- the electrosurgical instrument to which the surgical electrode is attached typically includes an electric scalpel such as a monopolar scalpel and a bipolar scalpel, a laparoscope, and the like.
- FIG. 1 is an example of a blade-type surgical electrode having a plate-like tip portion.
- the surgical electrode 10 is a member detachable from an electrosurgical instrument body (not shown).
- the surgical electrode 10 includes an electrical connection portion 13 electrically connected to the electrosurgical instrument main body, a distal end portion 11 that emits a high frequency in close proximity to a living tissue, and the electrical connection portion 13 and the distal end portion 11. And an intermediate part 12 connecting the two.
- the distal end portion 11 is a portion that emits a high frequency wave in proximity to a living tissue.
- the shape of the tip is not particularly limited.
- the tip 11 of the blade-type surgical electrode 10 shown in FIG. 1 the tip 21 of the loop-type surgical electrode 20 shown in FIG. 2, and the ball-type surgical electrode shown in FIG.
- a wire L-shaped hook type (a) shown in FIG. 5 a straight spatula type (b) shown in FIG. 5
- FIG. 5 shows a syringe type (d) shown in FIG.
- the tip shown so far is the tip of a monopolar surgical electrode, but may be the tip of a bipolar surgical electrode.
- FIG. 6 shows an example of the distal end portion 61 of the bipolar surgical electrode 60.
- the tip portion 11 is obtained by subjecting at least a part of a conductive material (for example, a portion forming a first coating described later, a portion forming a second coating described later, etc.) to a surface roughening treatment.
- a conductive material for example, a portion forming a first coating described later, a portion forming a second coating described later, etc.
- the surface may not be subjected to the surface roughening treatment.
- Examples of the method of performing the surface roughening treatment include a shot blast method, an etching method using a solution (an acidic solution, an alkaline solution, or the like), a polishing treatment method, a plasma treatment method, a corona discharge treatment method, and the like. There is no restriction. These processes may be performed alone or in combination of two or more.
- the surface roughness of the tip 11 is preferably in the range of 0.05 ⁇ m to 0.39 ⁇ m in arithmetic average roughness Ra, more preferably in the range of 0.08 ⁇ m to 0.25 ⁇ m. , 0.10 ⁇ m or more and 0.18 ⁇ m or less.
- surface roughness means line roughness
- Ra is a value measured by a contact-type surface roughness meter.
- the electrical connection portion 13 is a portion of the surgical electrode 10 that is electrically connected to the electrosurgical instrument main body.
- the electric connection portion 13 is detachable from the electrosurgical instrument main body, and is usually configured such that the electric connection portion 13 and the electrosurgical instrument main body can be fitted by a fitting structure or the like.
- the electrical connection portion is also made of a conductive material, and the constituent material may be the same as or different from that of the tip portion 11.
- the intermediate section 12 is a member that connects the tip section 11 and the electrical connection section 13. It is necessary to be made of a conductive material in order to supply electricity to the distal end portion 11, but the shape, length and the like are not particularly limited.
- the intermediate section 12 may have a coating 14.
- the coating 14 is a cured product of a composition containing an insulating resin.
- the size, thickness, shape, and the like of the covering 14 are not particularly limited.
- the surface treatment film according to the present embodiment includes a first film and a second film.
- the first coating is formed by bringing the surface treatment agent (X) into contact with the surface or the surface of the surgical electrode (at least a part or all of the tip), and the second coating is formed by the surface treatment agent (Y) Is contacted with the entire surface or a part of the surface of the first film.
- the surface treatment film may be formed at least on the entire surface of the tip portion, or may be formed on a part thereof.
- a blade-type surgical electrode for example, a blade portion at the distal end portion, a flat portion at the distal end portion, and the like are given as examples.
- the flat portion refers to a portion having the largest area in the blade portion at the tip portion 11 in FIG.
- the first film may be formed on the entire surface of the blade portion, and the second coating may be formed on a part of the first coating.
- only the first film, or the first film and the second film are formed on the entire surface or a part of the end portion on the side of the intermediate portion 12 (hereinafter, referred to as “intermediate connection portion”) at the distal end portion 11. You may.
- the surface treatment agent (X) contains a compound having at least an amino group.
- the compound having an amino group is not particularly limited.
- the amino group may be any of a primary amino group, a secondary amino group, and a tertiary amino group, and may have two or more amino groups.
- an amine-based curing agent a homopolymer such as a glycidylamine-type epoxy resin, a polyethyleneimine resin, a melamine resin, or an aromatic amine resin or a copolymer containing these polymers; a silane coupling having an amino group Agents and the like.
- amine-based curing agent examples include, but are not limited to, dicyandiamide, diethylenetriamine, N-aminoethylpiperazine, metaphenylenediamine, 2-methylimidazole, 2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole, and the like.
- dicyandiamide diethylenetriamine
- N-aminoethylpiperazine metaphenylenediamine
- 2-methylimidazole 2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole
- epoxy resin an epoxy resin
- the silane coupling agent having an amino group is not particularly limited as long as it has one amino group.
- N-2- (aminoethyl) -3-aminopropyldimethylmethoxysilane N-2- ( (Aminoethyl) -3-aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, N-2- (aminoethyl) -3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N-2- (aminoethyl) -3-aminopropyldiethylethoxysilane, N-2- (Aminoethyl) -3-aminopropylethyldiethoxysilane, N-2- (aminoethyl) -3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 3-aminopropyldimethylmethoxysilane, 3-aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, 3-amino Propyltrimethoxysilane,
- the solvent contained in the surface treatment agent (X) is not particularly limited, but includes an organic solvent such as alcohol, acetone, acetonitrile, benzene, cyclohexane, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, and methyl ethyl ketone; a mixture of these organic solvents and water; No.
- an organic solvent such as alcohol, acetone, acetonitrile, benzene, cyclohexane, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, and methyl ethyl ketone
- the organic solvent an alcohol having 5 or less carbon atoms is preferable.
- the mass ratio of the contained water is preferably less than 5% by mass, but it is more preferable that substantially no water is contained.
- the surface treating agent (X) includes a leveling agent for improving wettability, a film-forming auxiliary for improving film-forming properties, an organic or inorganic crosslinking agent for forming a strong film, and foaming.
- Additives such as defoaming agents for controlling the viscosity, thickeners for controlling the viscosity, and rust preventives, and these additives are compounded within a range that does not impair the effects of the present invention. May be.
- the total content of the compound having an amino group in the surface treatment agent (X) is not particularly limited, but is in the range of 0.1% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less based on the total amount of the surface treatment agent (X). It is more preferably in the range of 0.5% by mass or more and 5% by mass or less.
- the surface treating agent (Y) includes a silicone resin (A), a compound (B) containing a metal element selected from titanium, platinum, rhodium and palladium, and an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent (C). , Is contained.
- a silicone resin (A) a silicone resin
- B) a compound
- C aromatic hydrocarbon solvent
- the silicone resin (A) is not particularly limited as long as it has a plurality of siloxane bonds and has an organopolysiloxane structure in which an organic group is bonded to silicon (Si). Those having an organopolysiloxane structure having at least two groups in one molecule are preferred.
- the position where the organic group is bonded is not particularly limited, and may be bonded to the main chain, side chain or terminal.
- the silicone resin (A) may be a homopolymer having the organopolysiloxane structure or a mixture of the homopolymer having the organopolysiloxane structure and the homopolymer having the polysiloxane structure.
- a copolymer (a block copolymer or a graft polymer) having an organopolysiloxane structure and a polysiloxane structure may be used.
- the silicone resin (A) may be an addition type or a condensation type.
- the silicone resin (A) may be any of a thermosetting type, a room temperature setting type (RTV), and a UV setting type.
- Examples of the organic group bonded to Si in the organopolysiloxane structure include, but are not limited to, a saturated hydrocarbon group, an unsaturated hydrocarbon group, a halogenated alkyl group, and an epoxycyclohexyl group.
- Examples of the saturated hydrocarbon group include, but are not limited to, a linear or branched alkyl group and a cycloalkyl group.
- Examples of the unsaturated hydrocarbon group include, but are not limited to, linear or branched alkenyl groups, cycloalkenyl groups, cycloalkenylalkyl groups, and aryl groups.
- the organic group bonded to Si is preferably an unsaturated hydrocarbon group, more preferably an alkenyl group, and particularly preferably a vinyl group or a hexenyl group.
- halogenated alkyl group examples include a chloromethyl group, a 3-chloropropyl group, a 1-chloro-2-methylpropyl group, and a 3,3,3-trifluoropropyl group.
- alkyl group examples include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, a butyl group, a pentyl group, a hexyl group, a heptyl group, an octyl group, a nonyl group, and a decyl group.
- the cycloalkyl group examples include a cyclopentyl group and a cyclohexyl group.
- Examples of the linear or branched alkenyl group include a vinyl group, a 1-propenyl group, an allyl group, an isopropenyl group, a 1-butenyl, a 2-butenyl group, a pentenyl group, and a hexenyl group.
- Examples of the cycloalkenyl group include a cyclopentenyl group and a cyclohexenyl group.
- Examples of the cycloalkenylalkyl group include a cyclopentenylethyl group, a cyclohexenylethyl group, a cyclohexenylpropyl group, and the like.
- Examples of the aryl group include a phenyl group.
- the polysiloxane structure is not particularly limited as long as it is different from the above-mentioned organopolysiloxane structure.
- a polysiloxane structure having at least two hydrogen atoms bonded to Si in one molecule examples thereof include a polysiloxane structure having at least two bonded alkoxy groups in one molecule.
- the alkoxy group include a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, a propoxy group, and a butoxy group.
- the alkoxy group may be linear or branched.
- silicone resins may be used alone or in combination of two or more in preparing the surface treating agent (Y).
- silicone resin (A) a polymer having an organopolysiloxane structure having at least two or more unsaturated hydrocarbon groups bonded to Si in one molecule, and a hydrogen atom bonded to Si And a polymer having a polysiloxane structure having at least two or more in a molecule.
- Examples of the polymer having an organopolysiloxane structure having at least two unsaturated hydrocarbon groups bonded to Si in one molecule include dimethylpolysiloxane having a dimethylvinylsiloxy group at both ends of a molecular chain, A dimethylsiloxane-methylphenylsiloxane copolymer having dimethylvinylsiloxy groups at both ends, a dimethylsiloxane-methylvinylsiloxane copolymer having dimethylvinylsiloxy groups at both ends of the molecular chain, and trimethylsiloxy at both ends of the molecular chain Dimethylsiloxane-methylvinylsiloxane copolymer having a group, dimethylsiloxane-methylvinylsiloxane-methylphenylsiloxane terpolymer having a trimethylsiloxy group at both ends of the molecular chain, and silanol groups at both ends of the molecular chain
- methyl groups of various homopolymers, copolymers and terpolymers are ethyl groups, alkyl groups other than methyl groups such as propyl groups; or 3,3,3-trifluoropropyl groups, And a halogenated alkyl group such as a 3,3,3-trichloropropyl group.
- a mixture of two or more selected from these homopolymers, copolymers and terpolymers may be used for the preparation of the surface treatment agent (Y).
- the polymer having a polysiloxane structure having at least two hydrogen atoms bonded to Si in one molecule is not particularly limited.
- at least two SiH groups having hydrogen atoms bonded to Si in one molecule are included.
- methylhydrogenpolysiloxane having trimethylsiloxy groups at both ends of the molecular chain dimethylsiloxane-methylhydrogensiloxane copolymer having trimethylsiloxy groups at both ends of the molecular chain, both ends of the molecular chain Dimethylsiloxane-methylhydrogensiloxane copolymer having silanol groups at both ends of molecular chain, dimethylpolysiloxane having dimethylhydrogensiloxy groups at both ends of molecular chain, molecule Methyl hydrogen polysiloxane having dimethyl hydrogen siloxy groups at both ends of the chain, dimethyl siloxane-methyl hydrogen siloxane copolymer having dimethyl hydrogen siloxy groups at both ends of the molecular chain, and the like.
- a mixture of two or more selected from these homopolymers and copolymers may be used for the preparation of the surface treatment agent (Y).
- the weight average molecular weight of the silicone resin (A) is not particularly limited, but is usually in the range of 6,000 to 45,000, preferably in the range of 6,500 to 40,000.
- the weight average molecular weight is a value measured by GPC (gel permeation column chromatography) and converted into polystyrene.
- the compound (B) is not particularly limited as long as it contains a metal element selected from titanium, platinum, rhodium and palladium.
- a metal element selected from titanium, platinum, rhodium and palladium.
- a compound containing titanium for example, titanyl sulfate, titanyl nitrate, titanium nitrate, titanyl chloride, titanium chloride, titania sol, titanium oxide, potassium oxalate titanate, titanium lactate, titanium tetraisopropoxide, titanium acetylacetonate, diisopropyl
- Examples of the compound containing platinum, rhodium, or palladium include, for example, platinum group metals such as platinum (including platinum black), rhodium, and palladium; H 2 PtCl 4 .nH 2 O, H 2 PtCl 6 .nH 2 O, and NaHPtCl.
- n is an integer of 0 to 6, preferably 0 or 6, and the like; platinum chloride, chloroplatinic acid or chloroplatinate; alcohol-modified chloroplatinic acid (alcohol and chloroplatinic acid) A complex of chloroplatinic acid and an olefin; a platinum group metal such as platinum black or palladium supported on a carrier such as alumina, silica or carbon.
- Rhodium-olefin complex chlorotris (triphenylphosphine) rhodium (Wilkinson's catalyst); platinum chloride, chloroplatinic acid or a complex of chloroplatinate and a vinyl-containing siloxane; polystyrene-polyethylene glycol carrying platinum chloride And the like.
- the surface treatment agent (Y) one type of these compounds may be used, or two or more types may be used.
- the content of the silicone resin (A) (when using a plurality of silicone resins, means the total content) is based on the total solid content of the silicone resin (A) and the compound (B). It is in the range of 90% by mass or more and 99.9% by mass or less, preferably in the range of 95% by mass or more and 99.8% by mass or less, and in the range of 98% by mass or more and 99.7% by mass or less. Is more preferable.
- the mass (B M ) of the compound (B) [when a plurality of compounds are used, means the total mass. ] (B M / A M ) is preferably in the range of 0.001 or more and 0.111 or less, more preferably 0.002 or more and 0.053 or less, and 0.003 or less. It is particularly preferable that it is in the range of 0.02 or less.
- the aromatic hydrocarbon solvent (C) is a hydrocarbon composed of a single ring or a plurality of planar rings composed of six carbon atoms in which single bonds and double bonds are alternately arranged and electrons are delocalized. And the type is not particularly limited.
- the aromatic hydrocarbon solvent (C) is not particularly limited as long as it has the above-mentioned unit, but preferably has a solubility parameter (SP) value in the range of 8.5 to 9.5. Those having a range of from 0.8 to 9.3 are more preferable. More specifically, benzene, toluene, o-xylene, p-xylene, m-xylene, para-xylene, orthoxylene and the like can be mentioned. In the preparation of the surface treatment agent (Y), one kind of these aromatic hydrocarbon solvents (C) may be used, or two or more kinds thereof may be used in combination.
- SP solubility parameter
- the content of the aromatic hydrocarbon solvent (C) in the surface treatment agent (Y) is not particularly limited, but is preferably in a range of 40% by mass to 99% by mass, and more preferably 45% by mass or more. It is more preferably in the range of 95% by mass or less, particularly preferably in the range of 50% by mass or more and 80% by mass or less, and most preferably in the range of 60% by mass or more and 75% by mass or less.
- the surface treating agent (Y) may contain various additives as necessary.
- the additive include, but are not limited to, a surfactant, an antifoaming agent, a leveling agent, a thickener, a fungicide / antifungal agent, a coloring agent, a fluororesin, and the like. These additives may be added within a range that does not impair the effects of the present invention, and the content of the additive is at most several mass% based on the mass of the surface treatment agent (Y).
- the surface treatment agent (Y) may further contain a silane coupling agent (D) such as a silane coupling agent having a vinyl group and / or a silane coupling agent having an epoxy group.
- a silane coupling agent having a vinyl group is not particularly limited as long as it is a silane coupling agent having a vinyl group.
- examples of the silane coupling agent include a vinyl group such as vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, and p-styryltrimethoxysilane. Containing silane coupling agents;
- the silane coupling agent having an epoxy group is not particularly limited as long as it has an epoxy group.
- Examples thereof include 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropylmethyldimethoxysilane, and 2-glycidoxypropylmethyldimethoxysilane.
- An epoxy group-containing silane coupling agent such as (3,4-epoxycyclohexyl) ethyltrimethoxysilane;
- a silane coupling agent having an epoxy group is used alone or in combination with a silane coupling agent having a vinyl group
- a silane coupling agent having one epoxy group is used as the silane coupling agent having an epoxy group. It is preferable to use
- the surface treating agent (Y) includes a silicone resin (A), a compound (B) containing a metal element selected from titanium, platinum, rhodium and palladium, and an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent (C). And, if necessary, by mixing with an additive such as a silane coupling agent (D).
- a silicone resin (A) a compound (B) containing a metal element selected from titanium, platinum, rhodium and palladium
- C aromatic hydrocarbon solvent
- D silane coupling agent
- the viscosity of the surface treatment agent (Y) at 25 ° C. is in the range of 1 Pa ⁇ s to 30 Pa ⁇ s.
- the viscosity of the surface treatment agent (Y) can be measured using a vibration type viscometer (VM series, manufactured by Sekonic Co., Ltd.).
- the method for producing a surgical electrode having a surface treatment film according to the present embodiment includes, for example, the following method. First, a first step of bringing the surface treatment agent (X) into contact with the surface or the surface of the molded surgical electrode (at least a part or all of the tip portion), and the surface treatment agent ( X) drying to form a first film. By performing these steps, a surgical electrode having the first film can be manufactured.
- the metal material is subjected to a pretreatment for the purpose of providing irregularities on the surface of the surgical electrode and for removing oil, dirt and oxide film adhering to the surface of the surgical electrode. Is also good.
- the method of the pretreatment is not particularly limited, and for example, a roughening treatment such as a shot blast method, an etching method using a solution (acid solution, alkaline solution, or the like), a polishing treatment method, a plasma treatment method, a corona discharge treatment method, or the like; Washing treatments such as hot water washing, solvent washing, alkali degreasing washing, and pickling; oxide film removing treatment; water washing treatment; and the like. Note that these processes may be performed alone or in combination of two or more.
- Various contact methods can be used as the contact method in the first step, and an optimal method can be appropriately selected depending on the shape of the surgical electrode and the like. Specific examples include a method of applying using an application device, a dipping treatment method, a spray treatment method, a pouring treatment method, a roll coater method, a bar coating method, and the like, but are not limited to these methods. Not something.
- Examples of the drying method in the second step include, but are not limited to, a method of drying using hot air, an induction heater, infrared rays, near infrared rays, and the like, and a method of drying by distillation under reduced pressure.
- the drying temperature is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 40 to 250 ° C, and more preferably in the range of 60 to 180 ° C.
- the drying time is not particularly limited, and may be appropriately changed depending on the type of the material used, the surface of the surgical electrode or the amount of the surface treatment agent (X) attached to the surface, and the like.
- the method for producing a surgical electrode having a surface treatment film according to the present embodiment includes a third step of bringing the surface treatment agent (Y) into contact with the entire surface or a part of the surface of the first film formed on the surgical electrode. And drying the surface treatment agent (Y) that has been brought into contact with the first film to form a second film. By performing these steps, a surface treatment film including the first film and the second film in this order can be formed on the surgical electrode.
- a coating method such as an immersion treatment method, a spray treatment method, a sprinkling treatment method, a roll coater method, and a bar coat method
- a coating apparatus such as a spin coater, a slit coater, a die coater, a blade coater, and a dispenser. Coating method using two or more of them;
- the drying temperature in the fourth step is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 40 to 250 ° C, more preferably in the range of 60 to 180 ° C.
- the drying method is not particularly limited, and includes a method of drying using hot air, an induction heater, infrared rays, near infrared rays, and the like, and a method of drying by distillation under reduced pressure.
- the drying time is not particularly limited, and may be appropriately changed depending on the type of the material used, the surface of the surgical electrode or the amount of the surface treatment agent (Y) attached to the surface, and the like. For example, it may be 10 minutes or more, may be 15 minutes or more, may be within 60 minutes, and may be within 30 minutes.
- a surface treatment film including the first film and the second film in this order can be formed on the surgical electrode.
- the portion where the first coating is formed and the portion where the second coating is formed may be the same region, and may not be the same region.
- the first film exists below the portion where the second film is formed.
- the first film formed by the first step and the second step may be formed on the entire surface of the blade portion at the tip end portion 11 as shown by hatching in FIG. As shown by hatching, it may be formed on the blade part of the tip part 11 and a part of the intermediate connection part, and as shown in FIG. It may be formed at a distal portion (not at a portion close to the intermediate connection).
- the second film formed in the third step and the fourth step is formed on the entire flat surface (upper surface and lower surface of the blade portion) at the tip end as shown by a dot pattern in FIG. And is not formed on the side surfaces (surfaces other than the flat portion) of the blade portion.
- the second coating is not formed on the side surface of the blade portion and the edges of the upper surface and the lower surface. As described above, the second coating is not formed on the side surface and the end portions of the upper surface and the lower surface (parts distal from the electrical connection portion 13), particularly, the corners, so that the tip portion is close to the living tissue or the like.
- discharge portion a portion to be discharged
- the film thickness should be reduced (for example, 10 ⁇ m or less, preferably 5 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 2 ⁇ m or less). Is preferred. Accordingly, high frequency can be sufficiently emitted from the discharge portion, which is a portion that can be close to the living tissue, so that a decrease in incision ability can be prevented.
- the amount of the first coating at the tip portion (in the case of a blade-type surgical electrode, the blade portion) having the surface-treated coating is not particularly limited, but is in the range of 0.1 mg / m 2 to 50 mg / m 2. Preferably, it is within a range of 1 mg / m 2 or more and 40 mg / m 2 or less.
- the mass is preferably in the above range in terms of SiO 2 mass.
- the amount of the first film can be determined by measuring the amount of the film in a metal material having a predetermined area.
- the first film is formed of a silane coupling agent having an amino group
- the first film is analyzed by a fluorescent X-ray method, a mass in terms of SiO 2 is calculated from the intensity of Si, and the film per unit area is calculated. By determining the amount, it can be measured.
- the total thickness of the surface treatment films including the first film and the second film formed on the tip portion is in the range of 10 ⁇ m or more and 400 ⁇ m or less.
- the thickness is more preferably in the range of 20 ⁇ m or more and 300 ⁇ m or less, further preferably 30 ⁇ m or more and 200 ⁇ m or less, and particularly preferably 50 ⁇ m or more and 150 ⁇ m or less.
- a blade-type surgical electrode having a plate-like distal end portion 11 of the surgical electrode shown in FIG. 1 was prepared.
- the material of the prepared surgical electrode and the size of the blade portion are shown below.
- the surface roughness (arithmetic average roughness: Ra) of the blade portion was measured using a three-dimensional surface roughness measuring device (Model Surfcom570A manufactured by Tokyo Seimitsu Co., Ltd.). The measurement was performed by scanning 2.0 mm at a speed of 0.3 mm / s.
- Material of surgical electrode stainless steel SUS316L Blade part size: plate thickness 0.3mm length 17.0mm width 2.5mm
- the blade portion of the surgical electrode was immersed in ethanol (a first-class product of Junsei Chemical Co., Ltd.), and ultrasonic waves were applied for 10 minutes to remove oil and dirt on the surface. Thereafter, the blade portion was dried at 100 ° C. for 10 minutes to remove attached ethanol.
- ethanol a first-class product of Junsei Chemical Co., Ltd.
- a solution mixed with ethanol was prepared so that the solid content mass concentration was 1.0%. did.
- the surface treatment agent (Y) was prepared by mixing the components shown in Tables 2 to 5 so that the ratios shown in Table 6 were obtained.
- the viscosity of the surface treatment agent (Y) was 7.0 Pa ⁇ s. The viscosity was measured at 25 ° C. using a vibration type viscometer (VM series, manufactured by Sekonic Co., Ltd.).
- % by mass of “silicone resin (A)”, “compound (B)”, and “silane coupling agent (D)” indicates the ratio of the mass of each component to the total mass thereof.
- the mass% of the aromatic hydrocarbon solvent (C) in Table 6 indicates the ratio of the mass of the aromatic hydrocarbon solvent (C) to the total mass of the surface treatment agent.
- B M / A M indicates the ratio of the total weight of the silicone resin (A) and (A M), and the total mass of the compound (B) (B M).
- D M / A M indicates the ratio of the total mass of the silicone resin (A) (A M), the total mass of the silane coupling agent (D) and (D M).
- the various surface treatment agents (Y) shown in Table 7 are applied to the flat portion (both surfaces) of the tip portion 11 having the obtained first film by using the following dispenser.
- the surgical electrodes of Examples 1 to 47 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 having the second coating of a predetermined thickness (see Table 7) were obtained by drying at the described drying temperature for 30 minutes.
- Dispenser (desktop robot): manufactured by Musashi Engineering, product name: ML-808GX, SM4000MEGAX-3A-SS
- the surgical electrode that had been subjected to two incisions was cooled to room temperature, and then the portion to be evaluated was wiped once with a finger through a gauze. Thereafter, the coating on the evaluation target portion was visually observed, and the adhesion was evaluated according to the evaluation criteria. Table 7 shows the results.
- S The film peeling area is less than 1% with respect to the evaluation part.
- B: The film peeling area is 5% or more and less than 15% with respect to the evaluation target portion.
- C The film peeling area is 15% or more with respect to the evaluation target portion.
- the surgical electrode that had been subjected to two incisions was cooled to room temperature, and the portion to be evaluated was wiped once with a finger interposed between gauze. Then, the ratio of the area that was blackened and changed to black was quantified with respect to the evaluation target portion, and the burning resistance was evaluated according to the evaluation criteria. Table 7 shows the results.
- a The ratio of the area is 0% or more and less than 5%.
- B Area ratio is 5% or more and less than 20%.
- C Area ratio is 20% or more.
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、このような問題を解決するものであり、生体組織の手術に使用される電気外科用器具の外科用電極であって、生体組織等の炭化物が付着しにくく、且つ外科用電極との密着性に優れた被膜を有する外科用電極を提供することを目的とする。
<1>生体組織の手術に使用される電気外科用器具の外科用電極であって、
前記外科用電極は、高周波を放出しうる先端部を有し、
前記先端部は、第1皮膜と第2被膜とをこの順に含む表面処理被膜を有し、
前記第1皮膜は、表面処理剤(X)を、少なくとも、前記先端部の全部又は一部の表面又は表面上と接触することで形成され、前記表面処理剤(X)が、少なくともアミノ基を有する化合物を含有し、
前記第2被膜は、表面処理剤(Y)を前記第1皮膜における全部又は一部の表面と接触することで形成され、前記表面処理剤(Y)が、シリコーン樹脂(A)と、チタン、白金、ロジウムおよびパラジウムから選ばれる金属元素を含む化合物(B)と、芳香族炭化水素系溶剤(C)と、を含有し、
(I)前記シリコーン樹脂(A)の含有量が、当該シリコーン樹脂(A)と前記化合物(B)との全固形分質量に対して90質量%以上99.9質量%以下の範囲内であり、
(II)前記シリコーン樹脂(A)の質量(AM)と前記化合物(B)の質量(BM)との比(BM/AM)が0.001以上0.111以下の範囲内である、外科用電極。
<2>前記表面処理剤(Y)は、さらに、ビニル基を有するシランカップリング剤および/またはエポキシ基を有するシランカップリング剤を含み、前記質量(AM)と、ビニル基を有するシランカップリング剤およびエポキシ基を有するシランカップリング剤の総質量(DM)との比(DM/AM)が0.005以上0.251以下の範囲内である、<1>に記載の外科用電極。
外科用電極は、いわゆる電気メスなどの電気外科用器具の先端に着脱可能に装着される電極であり、電極の先端部から生体組織へと高周波を放出させることで、止血(凝固)したり、生体組織を切開したりすることができる。外科用電極は、導電性材料で構成される。より具体的には、鉄系金属材料、亜鉛めっき系金属材料、アルミニウム系金属材料、マグネシウム系金属材料、ニッケル系金属材料、チタン系金属材料、ジルコニウム系金属材料、銅系金属材料、錫系金属材料、タングステン系金属材料、クロム系金属材料、マンガン系金属材料、モリブデン系金属材料、コバルト系金属材料等を挙げることができるが、ステンレス鋼であることがより好ましい。外科用電極が装着される電気外科用器具は、典型的には、モノポーラメスやバイポーラメスなどの電気メス、腹腔鏡などがあげられる。外科用電極の一例の概略図を図1に示す。
外科用電極10は、図示しない電気外科用器具本体と着脱可能な部材である。外科用電極10は、電気外科用器具本体と電気的に接続される電気的接続部13と、生体組織に近接させて高周波を放出する先端部11と、該電気的接続部13と先端部11とを繋ぐ中間部12と、から構成される。
先端部11は、生体組織に近接させて高周波を放出する部位である。先端部の形状は特段限定されず、図1に示すブレード型外科用電極10の先端部11の他、図2に示すループ型外科用電極20の先端部21、図3に示すボール型外科用電極30の先端部31、図4に示すニードル型の外科用電極40の先端部41、などが存在し、これらは電気メスのメス先電極として使用される外科用電極である。これ以外に、図5に示すワイヤL字フック型(a)、図5に示すストレートスパチュラ型(b)、図5に示すワイヤJ字フック型(c)、図5に示すシリンジ型(d)、など、腹腔鏡に装着される外科用電極が存在する。ここまで示した先端部はモノポーラ型外科用電極の先端部であるが、バイポーラ型外科用電極の先端部であってよい。バイポーラ型外科用電極60の先端部61の例を図6に示す。
電気的接続部13は、外科用電極10において、電気外科用器具本体と電気的に接続される部位である。電気的接続部13は電気外科用器具本体に着脱可能であり、通常、電気的接続部13と電気外科用器具本体とが嵌め合い構造などにより嵌合できるよう、構成される。なお、電気的接続部もまた導電性材料で構成され、構成材料は上記先端部11と同じであっても、異なってもよい。
中間部12は、先端部11と電気的接続部13とを接続する部材である。先端部11へ通電するために導電性材料で構成される必要があるが、その形状、長さ等は特段限定されない。
中間部12は、被覆物14を有してもよい。被覆物14は、絶縁性を有する樹脂を含む組成物の硬化物である。また、中間部12と被覆物14が接していれば、被覆物14の大きさ、厚さ、形状なども特段限定されない。
本実施形態に係る表面処理被膜は、第1皮膜と第2被膜とを含む。第1皮膜は、表面処理剤(X)を前記外科用電極(少なくとも先端部の一部又は全部)の表面又は表面上と接触することで形成され、第2被膜は、表面処理剤(Y)を第1皮膜における全面又は一部の表面と接触することで形成される。
表面処理被膜は、少なくとも、先端部の全面に形成されていてもよく、又はその一部に形成されていてもよい。ブレード型の外科用電極の場合、一部としては、例えば、先端部のブレード部分、先端部の平面部等があげられる。なお、平面部とは、本願明細書では、図7の先端部11におけるブレード部分において、最も面積が広い部分をいう。
表面処理被膜が形成されていない部分においては、第1皮膜のみが形成されていてもよい。例えば、ブレード型の外科用電極の場合、ブレード部分の全面に第1皮膜が形成され、そのうち一部に第2被膜が形成されていてもよい。また、先端部11において、中間部12側の端部(以下、「中間接続部」と称する)の全面又は一部に、第1皮膜のみ、又は、第1皮膜及び第2被膜が形成されていてもよい。
本実施形態に係る表面処理剤(X)は、少なくともアミノ基を有する化合物を含む。アミノ基を有する化合物としては特段限定されない。アミノ基としては、第1級アミノ基、第2級アミノ基、および第3級アミノ基のいずれであってもよく、これらのうち、2種以上のアミノ基を有するものであってもよい。具体的には、アミン系硬化剤;グリシジルアミン型エポキシ樹脂、ポリエチレンイミン樹脂、メラミン樹脂、芳香族アミン樹脂等の単重合物又はこれらの重合物を含む共重合物;アミノ基を有するシランカップリング剤等があげられる。アミン系硬化剤としては、例えば、ジシアンジアミド、ジエチレントリアミン、N-アミノエチルピペラジン、メタフェニレンジアミン、2-メチルイミダゾール、2-エチル-4-メチルイミダゾール等があげられるがこれらに制限されるものではない。なお、アミン系硬化剤を用いる場合、エポキシ樹脂と併用することが好ましい。
また、表面処理剤(X)には、濡れ性を向上させるためのレベリング剤、造膜性を向上させるための造膜助剤、強固な被膜とするための有機架橋剤又は無機架橋剤、発泡を抑制するための消泡剤、粘性をコントロールするための増粘剤、防錆剤等の添加剤を含ませてもよく、これらの添加剤は、本発明の効果を損なわない範囲内で配合してもよい。
本実施形態に係る表面処理剤(Y)は、シリコーン樹脂(A)と、チタン、白金、ロジウムおよびパラジウムから選ばれる金属元素を含む化合物(B)と、芳香族炭化水素系溶剤(C)と、を含有する。この表面処理剤(Y)を用いることにより、生体組織の炭化物が固着しにくい表面処理被膜を形成できる。
シリコーン樹脂(A)としては、複数のシロキサン結合を有し、ケイ素(Si)に有機基が結合したオルガノポリシロキサン構造を有するものであれば特に制限されるものではないが、Siに結合した有機基を1分子中に少なくとも2個以上有するオルガノポリシロキサン構造を有するものが好ましい。なお、有機基が結合している位置については特に制限はなく、主鎖、側鎖又は末端に結合していてもよい。シリコーン樹脂(A)は、上記オルガノポリシロキサン構造を有する単重合物であっても、上記オルガノポリシロキサン構造を有する単重合物とポリシロキサン構造を有する単重合物との混合物であっても、上記オルガノポリシロキサン構造とポリシロキサン構造とを有する共重合物(ブロック共重合物又はグラフト重合物)であってもよい。また、シリコーン樹脂(A)は、付加型であってもよいし、縮合型であってもよい。さらに、シリコーン樹脂(A)は、熱硬化型、室温硬化型(RTV)、UV硬化型の何れでもよい。
化合物(B)としては、チタン、白金、ロジウムおよびパラジウムから選ばれる金属元素を含むものであれば特に制限されるものではない。チタンを含む化合物としては、例えば、硫酸チタニル、硝酸チタニル、硝酸チタン、塩化チタニル、塩化チタン、チタニアゾル、酸化チタン、しゅう酸チタン酸カリウム、チタンラクテート、チタンテトライソプロポキシド、チタンアセチルアセトネート、ジイソプロピルチタニウムビスアセチルアセトン、チタンジイソプロポキシビス(アセチルアセトネート)などが挙げられる。
なお、これらの化合物は、表面処理剤(Y)の調製において、1種を用いてもよいし、2種以上を用いてもよい。
芳香族炭化水素系溶剤(C)は、一重結合と二重結合が交互に並び、電子が非局在化した6つの炭素原子から成る単環あるいは複数の平面環をユニットとして構成される炭化水素であり、特にその種類は限定されない。
本実施形態に係る表面処理剤(Y)には、必要に応じて、各種添加剤が含まれていてもよい。添加剤としては、例えば、界面活性剤、消泡剤、レベリング剤、増粘剤、防菌防カビ剤、着色剤、フッ素樹脂などを挙げることができるがこれらに制限されるものではない。これらの添加剤は、本発明の効果を損なわない範囲内で添加してもよく、添加剤の含有量は、多くても表面処理剤(Y)の質量に対して数質量%である。
ビニル基を有するシランカップリング剤としては、ビニル基を有するシランカップリング剤であれば特に限定されないが、例えば、ビニルトリメトキシシシラン、ビニルトリエトキシシラン、p-スチリルトリメトキシシランなどのビニル基含有シランカップリング剤;などがあげられる。また、エポキシ基を有するシランカップリング剤としては、エポキシ基を有するものであれば特に限定されないが、例えば、3-グリシドキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン、3-グリシドキシプロピルメチルジメトキシシラン、2-(3,4-エポキシシクロヘキシル)エチルトリメトキシシランなどのエポキシ基含有シランカップリング剤;などが挙げられる。エポキシ基を有するシランカップリング剤を単独で用いたり、ビニル基を有するシランカップリング剤と併用したりする場合には、エポキシ基を有するシランカップリング剤としてエポキシ基を1個有するシランカップリング剤を用いることが好ましい。
本実施形態に係る、表面処理被膜を有する外科用電極の製造方法は、例えば次の方法が挙げられる。まず、成型した外科用電極(少なくとも先端部の一部又は全部)の表面又は表面上に表面処理剤(X)を接触させる第1工程と、外科用電極の表面に接触させた表面処理剤(X)を乾燥して第1皮膜を形成する第2工程と、を含む。これらの工程を行うことにより、第1皮膜を有する外科用電極を製造することができる。
また、第2工程の乾燥方法としては、熱風、インダクションヒーター、赤外線、近赤外線などを用いて乾燥する方法、減圧留去により乾燥する方法等が挙げられるがこれらに制限されるものではない。乾燥温度としては、特に限定されないが、40~250℃の範囲内であることが好ましく、60~180℃の範囲内であることがより好ましい。また、乾燥時間は、特に制限されるものではなく、使用される材料の種類、外科用電極の表面または表面上に付着した表面処理剤(X)の量などによって適宜変更すればよい。
一例では、第1工程及び第2工程により形成される第1皮膜は、図7(a)にハッチングで示すように先端部11におけるブレード部分の全面に形成されてよく、図7(b)にハッチングで示すように、先端部11のブレード部分と中間接続部の一部とに形成されてよく、図7(c)に示すように先端部11のブレード部分のうち、電気的接続部13から遠位な部分に形成されてもよい(中間接続部に近接する部分には形成されていない)。
なお、第1皮膜の皮膜量は、所定面積の金属材料における皮膜量を計測することで求めることができる。また、第1皮膜がアミノ基を有するシランカップリング剤で形成されている場合には、蛍光X線法で分析し、Siの強度からSiO2に換算した質量を算出し、単位面積あたりの皮膜量を求めることで、測定することができる。
図1に示す外科用電極の先端部11が板状であるブレード型の外科用電極を準備した。準備した外科用電極の材料及びブレード部分のサイズを以下に示す。ブレード部分の表面粗さ(算術平均粗さ:Ra)を、三次元表面粗さ測定機(株式会社東京精密社製 型式Surfcom570A)を用いて測定した。測定は、0.3mm/sの速度で2.0mm走査させることにより行った。
(Z1)外科用電極の材料:ステンレス鋼 SUS304
ブレード部分のサイズ:板厚0.3mm 長さ17.0mm 幅2.5mm
(Z2)外科用電極の材料:ステンレス鋼 SUS316L
ブレード部分のサイズ:板厚0.3mm 長さ17.0mm 幅2.5mm
表面処理剤(X)として、以下の表1に記載のS1~S7を用いて、固形分質量濃度が1.0%となるようにエタノールに混合した溶液を調製した。
表面処理剤(Y)の調製は、表2~5に記載の成分を、表6に記載の割合となるように混合して、表面処理剤を調製した。なお、表面処理剤(Y)の粘度は、7.0Pa・sであった。粘度は、25℃で振動式粘度計(株式会社セコニック社製、VMシリーズ)を用いて測定した。
油分や汚れを取り除いたブレード部分を表面処理剤(X)に浸漬した。浸漬後、ブレード部分を、100℃で10分乾燥させることで、第1皮膜を有する外科用電極を得た。なお、S1~S4を用いて第1皮膜を形成させた場合には、蛍光X線法で分析し、Siの強度からSiO2に換算した質量を算出し、単位面積あたりの皮膜量を求めた。また、S5~S7を用いて第1皮膜を形成させた場合には、上記のように第1皮膜を形成させた所定面積のブレート部分における皮膜量を計測し、単位面積あたりの皮膜量を求めた。
次に得られた第1皮膜を有する、先端部11における平面部(両面)に、表7に示す各種表面処理剤(Y)を、以下のディスペンサーを用いて、塗布し、その後、表7に記載の乾燥温度で30分乾燥させ、所定膜厚(表7参照)の第2被膜を有する、実施例1~47及び比較例1~4の外科用電極を得た。
ディスペンサー(卓上型ロボット):武蔵エンジニアリング社製、製品名;ML-808GX、SM4000MEGAX-3A-SS
実施例1~47及び比較例1~4の外科用電極を、以下に示す電気外科用器具本体と電気的に接続させた。さらに、電気外科用器具本体と電気的に接続されている対極板を、豚レバーを入れたステンレス製の容器に貼り付けた。
<電気外科用器具本体(高周波装置及びコントロールペンシル)>
高周波装置:エクスキャリバープラスPC 医療用具承認番号20700BZY01171
コントロールペンシル:日本メディカルネクスト社製 ディスポーザブルコントロールペンシル 医療機器承認番号:20300BZY01003000
電気外科用器具本体を純粋切開モード(出力30W)で作動させ、ブレード部分を、豚レバー表面に対して45°の角度で垂直方向に挿入し、深さ12mmの位置で、豚レバー表面に対して平行に20mm/sの速さで60mm移動させて切開した。この切開作業を2回繰り返し、ブレード部分のうち豚レバーに挿入させた部分を評価対象部として、以下の密着性と、耐焦げ付き性と、を評価した。
2回の切開作業を繰り返した外科用電極を室温まで冷まし、続いて、評価対象部を、ガーゼを介して指で挟んで1回拭き取り作業を行った。その後、評価対象部の被膜を目視で観察し、評価基準に従って密着性を評価した。その結果を表7に示す。
S 評価対象部に対し被膜剥離面積が1%未満。
A 評価対象部に対し被膜剥離面積が1%以上5%未満。
B 評価対象部に対し被膜剥離面積が5%以上15%未満。
C 評価対象部に対し被膜剥離面積が15%以上。
2回の切開作業を繰り返した外科用電極を室温まで冷まし、評価対象部を、ガーゼを介して指で挟んで1回拭き取り作業を行った。そして評価対象部に対し、焦げ付いて黒色に変化している面積の割合を数値化し、評価基準に従って耐焦げ付き性を評価した。それらの結果を表7に示す。
A 面積の割合が0%以上5%未満。
B 面積の割合が5%以上20%未満。
C 面積の割合が20%以上。
電気外科用器具本体における純粋切開モードの出力を80Wに変更した以外は、上記(4-1)と同様に密着性、及び耐焦げ付き性を評価した。結果を表7に示す。
11、21、31、41、61 先端部
12 中間部
13、23、33、43 電気的接続部
14、24、34、44 被覆物
Claims (2)
- 生体組織の手術に使用される電気外科用器具の外科用電極であって、
前記外科用電極は、高周波を放出しうる先端部を有し、
前記先端部は、第1皮膜と第2被膜とをこの順に含む表面処理被膜を有し、
前記第1皮膜は、表面処理剤(X)を、少なくとも、前記先端部の全部又は一部の表面又は表面上と接触することで形成され、前記表面処理剤(X)が、少なくともアミノ基を有する化合物を含有し、
前記第2被膜は、表面処理剤(Y)を前記第1皮膜における全部又は一部の表面と接触することで形成され、前記表面処理剤(Y)が、シリコーン樹脂(A)と、チタン、白金、ロジウムおよびパラジウムから選ばれる金属元素を含む化合物(B)と、芳香族炭化水素系溶剤(C)と、を含有し、
(I)前記シリコーン樹脂(A)の含有量が、当該シリコーン樹脂(A)と前記化合物(B)との全固形分質量に対して90質量%以上99.9質量%以下の範囲内であり、
(II)前記シリコーン樹脂(A)の質量(AM)と前記化合物(B)の質量(BM)との比(BM/AM)が0.001以上0.111以下の範囲内である、外科用電極。 - 前記表面処理剤(Y)は、さらに、ビニル基を有するシランカップリング剤および/またはエポキシ基を有するシランカップリング剤を含み、前記質量(AM)と、ビニル基を有するシランカップリング剤およびエポキシ基を有するシランカップリング剤の総質量(DM)との比(DM/AM)が0.005以上0.251以下の範囲内である、請求項1に記載の外科用電極。
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EP19844985.2A EP3831325B1 (en) | 2018-08-03 | 2019-08-05 | Surgical electrode having surface treatment coating |
KR1020217002779A KR102550287B1 (ko) | 2018-08-03 | 2019-08-05 | 표면 처리 피막을 갖는 외과용 전극 |
CN201980050171.6A CN112512453A (zh) | 2018-08-03 | 2019-08-05 | 具有表面处理覆膜的外科用电极 |
JP2020534789A JP6949234B2 (ja) | 2018-08-03 | 2019-08-05 | 表面処理被膜を有する外科用電極 |
US17/265,050 US20210307809A1 (en) | 2018-08-03 | 2019-08-05 | Surgical Electrode Having Surface Treatment Coating |
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JP7523661B2 (ja) | 2020-07-16 | 2024-07-26 | コヴィディエン リミテッド パートナーシップ | 電気外科用電極のための複合コーティング |
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CN113599580A (zh) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-11-05 | 西南交通大学 | 一种抗粘附防胰瘘的高频电刀手术电极及制备工艺 |
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TW202018024A (zh) | 2020-05-16 |
US20210307809A1 (en) | 2021-10-07 |
EP3831325A4 (en) | 2022-05-11 |
TWI794532B (zh) | 2023-03-01 |
EP3831325B1 (en) | 2024-06-05 |
KR20210027405A (ko) | 2021-03-10 |
JPWO2020027341A1 (ja) | 2021-08-02 |
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