WO2020020346A1 - 定子、单相感应电动机、压缩机以及制冷设备 - Google Patents

定子、单相感应电动机、压缩机以及制冷设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020020346A1
WO2020020346A1 PCT/CN2019/097902 CN2019097902W WO2020020346A1 WO 2020020346 A1 WO2020020346 A1 WO 2020020346A1 CN 2019097902 W CN2019097902 W CN 2019097902W WO 2020020346 A1 WO2020020346 A1 WO 2020020346A1
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Prior art keywords
stator
group
slots
stator slots
pole
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PCT/CN2019/097902
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
邱小华
张尊睦
江波
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广东美芝制冷设备有限公司
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Publication of WO2020020346A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020020346A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/16—Stator cores with slots for windings
    • H02K1/165—Shape, form or location of the slots
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/16—Stator cores with slots for windings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00—Details of windings
    • H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
    • H02K3/28—Layout of windings or of connections between windings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00—Details of windings
    • H02K3/32—Windings characterised by the shape, form or construction of the insulation
    • H02K3/38—Windings characterised by the shape, form or construction of the insulation around winding heads, equalising connectors, or connections thereto
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
    • H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of compressors, and in particular, to a stator, a single-phase induction motor, a compressor, and a refrigeration device.
  • a component that plays a driving role in the compressor is a motor, and the motor generally uses a brushless DC motor and an induction motor.
  • single-phase induction motors For compressors using single-phase induction motors, usually single-phase induction motors include: a stator winding composed of a main winding and an auxiliary winding connected in series with a running capacitor at a coil angle of 90 degrees from the main winding.
  • the rotor is generally a squirrel-cage type Cast aluminum structure.
  • the number of stator slots of existing single-phase induction motors is generally 20, 24, etc. The number of stator slots is relatively old and cannot improve the working efficiency of the motor.
  • This application aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this application proposes a stator. By setting the number and size of the first stator slots, the number of coil layers, and the cutting edge position, the efficiency level of the single-phase induction motor is effectively improved, and the motor has stronger market competition. force.
  • a stator includes: a stator core, a main winding, and an auxiliary winding, the stator core having a plurality of stator slots, and the main winding and the auxiliary winding are both included in the stator slot A two-layer multi-layer coil wound to form a corresponding winding; wherein the number of the stator slots is 28 and includes a plurality of first stator slots and a plurality of second radial depths greater than the first stator slots Stator slots, the plurality of stator slots are sequentially distributed into a first group to an eighth group in the circumferential direction of the stator core, the first group of stator slots, the third group of stator slots, the fifth group of stator slots, and the seventh group
  • Each group of stator slots includes 2 of the first stator slots, the second group of stator slots, and the sixth group of stator slots each include 4 of the second stator slots, the fourth group of stator slots, and the eighth group of stator slots each include In the six second
  • the number of stator slots in the embodiments of the present application is 20, 24, etc.
  • the number of stator slots is increased, and the stator harmonic magnetic field is reduced. The additional loss is reduced and the harmonic leakage reactance is small.
  • a single-phase induction motor includes: the stator and a rotor, and the rotor is rotatably disposed in the stator core.
  • a compressor according to an embodiment of the third aspect of the present application includes the single-phase induction motor.
  • a refrigeration device includes the compressor.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a stator core according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a stator additional winding mode according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a partial schematic diagram of a unidirectional induction motor according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • a stator 1 according to an embodiment of the present application is described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3.
  • the stator 1 includes a stator core 1a, a main winding 20a, and an auxiliary winding 20b.
  • the stator core 1a has a plurality of stator slots, and the main winding 20a and the auxiliary winding 20b are both wound in the stator slots.
  • the number of stator slots is 28.
  • the stator slots include a plurality of first stator slots 1b and a plurality of second stator slots 1c having a radial depth greater than the first stator slot 1b.
  • the outer peripheral surface of the stator core 1a has Cut edges (eg 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d) corresponding to the first stator slot 1b. Specifically, the cutting edge is located in a ring defined by the arc-shaped outer peripheral surface of the stator core 1a.
  • the middle part of the stator core 1a has a mounting through hole penetrating both ends of the stator 1 in the axial direction, and the mounting through hole is used for mounting the rotor.
  • the slot of the first stator slot 1b and the slot of the second stator slot 1c. All are extended to communicate with the mounting through holes.
  • Multiple stator slots are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the stator core 1a.
  • the first stator slot 1b and the second stator slot 1c are extended in the radial direction of the stator core 1a, that is, each stator slot.
  • the direction of the depths is consistent with the radial direction of the stator core 1a.
  • stator 1 of the embodiment of the present application compared with the number of stator slots of the prior art of 20, 24, etc., by setting the number of stator slots to 28, the number of stator slots is increased, and the stator harmonic magnetic field is reduced. Small, additional loss is reduced, and harmonic leakage reactance is small.
  • the existence of the cut edges can ensure the passage of the refrigerant and lubricant in the motor and ensure the stable operation of the motor.
  • the plurality of stator slots are sequentially distributed into the first group to the eighth group in the circumferential direction of the stator core 1a.
  • the first group of stator slots, the third group of stator slots, the fifth group of stator slots, and the seventh group of stator slots all include 2
  • Each of the first stator slots 1b, the second group of stator slots, and the sixth group of stator slots includes 4 second stator slots, the fourth group of stator slots, and the eighth group of stator slots each include 6 second stator slots 1c, the stator
  • the outer peripheral surface of the iron core 1a has a cutting edge (such as 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d) opposite to the first stator slot 1b.
  • the stator 1 is evenly provided with a plurality of first stator slots 1b and a second stator slot 1c having a radial depth greater than the first stator slot 1b in the circumferential direction of the stator core 1a.
  • the stator core 1a is provided with 28 slots, and the first stator slot 1b and the second stator slot 1c are sequentially formed by the two first stator slots 1b (slots S3 and S4) into a first group and four second slots.
  • Stator slots 1c (slots S1, S2, S27, and S28) form a second group, two first stator slots 1b (slots S25 and S26) form a third group, and six second stator slots 1c (slots S19 to S24) ) Form a fourth group, two first stator slots 1b (slots S17 and S18) form a fifth group, four second stator slots 1c (slots S13 to S16) form a sixth group, and two first stator slots A total of 8 groups of 1b (slots S11 and S12) forming the seventh group and six second stator slots 1c (slots S5 to S10) forming the eighth group are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction of the stator core 1a.
  • the plurality of cutting edges respectively correspond to the stator slots of the odd arrays one by one, and the distance between the plurality of cutting edges and the central axis of the stator core 1a may be equal.
  • the rotating magnetic field is a skewed ellipse, and the saturation of the magnetic density will seriously deteriorate the magnetic field harmonics of the motor, thereby reducing the efficiency of the motor.
  • the stator core 1a corresponding to the cut edges is effectively alleviated.
  • the magnetic density of the outer periphery is saturated.
  • the diameter of the circle where the slot bottom of the first stator slot 1b is located / the diameter of the circle where the slot bottom of the second stator slot 1c is located is 0.985 or less.
  • the ratio of the diameter D1 of the circle where the slot bottom of the first stator slot 1b is located to the diameter D2 of the circle where the slot bottom of the second stator slot 1c is set is greater than or equal to 0.925 and less than or equal to 0.985. In this way, it is convenient to set the cut edges on the outer peripheral surface of the stator core 1a, and to configure the number of coil layers and the number of turns of each layer of the winding under each pole.
  • stator cores 1a corresponding to the four sets of first stator slots 1b (the first group, the third group, the fifth group, and the seventh group).
  • Four cut edges are provided on the outer peripheral portion of the stator core 1a corresponding to the four groups of first stator slots 1b.
  • the fourth group of stator slots and the eighth group of stator slots are arranged symmetrically with respect to the first center line
  • the second group of stator slots and the sixth group of stator slots are arranged symmetrically with respect to the second center line.
  • the two poles of the main winding 20a and the two poles of the auxiliary winding 20b are orthogonally distributed.
  • the coils forming the first pole of the main winding 20a and the coils forming the second pole of the main winding 20a are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the first center line.
  • the coils forming the first pole of the auxiliary winding 20b and the coils forming the second pole of the auxiliary winding 20b are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the second center line.
  • the coil angle of the main winding 20a and the auxiliary winding 20b is 90 degrees.
  • the number of layers of each pole of the main winding 20a is five layers, and the number of layers of each pole of the auxiliary winding 20b is three layers.
  • each of the two poles of the main winding 20 a is wound into five layers symmetrically disposed on both sides of the first center line L1 passing through the second and sixth groups facing each other to assist
  • Each of the two poles of the winding 20b is wound in three layers and symmetrically disposed on both sides of the second center line L2 of the fourth group and the eighth group that face each other.
  • the number of layers of each pole of the main winding 20a is five layers.
  • Each pole of the main winding 20a consists of five layers of coils.
  • the first layer to the fifth layer coils are sequentially distributed from the outermost to the innermost side.
  • the first layer of coils The number of stator teeth included between the two stator slots inserted through the fifth-layer coil is 13, 11, 9, 7, and 5, respectively.
  • the number of layers of each pole of the auxiliary winding 20b is three.
  • Each pole of the auxiliary winding 20b is composed of three layers of coils.
  • the first layer to the third layer coils are sequentially distributed from the outermost to the innermost side.
  • the first layer of coils The number of stator teeth included between the two stator slots inserted into the third-layer coil is 13, 11, and 9, respectively.
  • the number of coil layers under each pole of the main winding 20a and the auxiliary winding 20b is set, so that the number of stator slots in which the main winding 20a and the auxiliary winding 20b are simultaneously inserted is small, and the utilization ratio of the stator slots is improved.
  • the number and size of the first stator slots 1b the number of layers of coils under each pole of the main winding 20a and the auxiliary winding 20b decreases as the number of layers increases, and the main winding 20a and the auxiliary winding 20b can be shortened.
  • the space at the ends of the winding is stacked, which can shorten the length of the winding's end, reduce the amount of copper wire and heat loss of the winding, and improve the efficiency of the motor.
  • an insulating material is inserted into the stator slot, and illustration is omitted in FIG. 2.
  • the number of stator slots is 28 from slots S1 to S28.
  • the stator core 1 a is manufactured by punching an electromagnetic steel plate having a thickness of 0.1 mm to 1.5 mm into a predetermined shape, and laminating it in the axial direction, fixing it by riveting or welding, or the like.
  • the coil arrangement and the number of winding turns of the main winding 20 a and the auxiliary winding 20 b are as follows:
  • the first layer of the first pole of the main winding 20a is wound around the stator slots S1 and S14 by 66 turns.
  • the second-layer coil of the first pole of the main winding 20a is wound around the stator slots S2 and S13 by 65 turns.
  • the third-layer coil of the first pole of the main winding 20a is wound on the stator slots S3 and S12 by 48 turns.
  • the fourth-layer coil of the first pole of the main winding 20a is wound around the stator slots S4 and S11 by 47 turns.
  • the fifth-layer coil of the first pole of the main winding 20a is wound around the stator slots S5 and S10 by 19 turns.
  • the first-layer coil of the second pole of the main winding 20a is wound around the stator slots S15 and S28 by 66 turns.
  • the second-layer second-layer coil of the main winding 20a is wound around the stator slots S16 and S27 by 65 turns.
  • the third-layer coil of the second pole of the main winding 20a is wound on the stator slots S17 and S26 by 48 turns.
  • the fourth-layer coil of the second pole of the main winding 20a is wound around the stator slots S18 and S25 by 47 turns.
  • the fifth-layer coil of the second pole of the main winding 20a is wound around the stator slots S19 and S24 by 19 turns.
  • the number of coil turns of each layer of the first pole of the main winding 20a is the same as that of the corresponding layer of the second pole.
  • the number of turns in the first layer of the first pole of the main winding 20a is the same as the number of turns in the second layer of the second pole.
  • the number of windings of each layer of the main winding 20a decreases as the number of layers increases.
  • the first-layer coil of the main winding 20a is wound on the farthest stator slot (stator slots S1 and S14) among the 14 stator slots which are bisected by 28 stator slots.
  • the second-layer coil of the main winding 20a is wound next to the first-layer coil.
  • the third-layer coil of the main winding 20a is wound next to the second-layer coil.
  • the fourth and fifth layer coils of the main winding 20a are also sequentially wound.
  • the first layer of the first pole of the auxiliary winding 20b is wound around the stator slots S7 and S22 by 72 turns.
  • the second-layer coil of the first pole of the auxiliary winding 20b is wound around the stator slots S6 and S23 by 72 turns.
  • the third-layer coil of the first pole of the auxiliary winding 20b is wound around the stator slots S5 and S24 by 42 turns.
  • the first-layer coil of the second pole of the auxiliary winding 20b is wound around the stator slots S8 and S21 by 72 turns.
  • the second-layer second-layer coil of the auxiliary winding 20b is wound around the stator slots S9 and S20 by 72 turns.
  • the third-layer coil of the second pole of the auxiliary winding 20b is wound around the stator slots S10 and S19 by 42 turns.
  • the number of coil turns of each layer of the first pole of the auxiliary winding 20b is the same as the number of coil turns of the corresponding layer of the second pole.
  • the number of turns in the first layer of the first pole of the auxiliary winding 20b is the same as the number of turns in the second layer of the second pole.
  • the number of windings of each layer of the auxiliary winding 20b decreases as the number of layers increases.
  • the first layer of the auxiliary winding 20b is wound on the stator slots (S7 and S22).
  • the stator slots (S7 and S22) are the stator slots (the stator slots S1 and the stator) from which the first layer coil of the main winding 20a is wound.
  • Slot S14 is a stator slot staggered by a coil angle of 90 degrees, and is the farthest stator slot among the 14 stator slots that are divided by 28 stator slots.
  • the second-layer coil of the auxiliary winding 20b is wound next to the first-layer coil.
  • the third layer of the auxiliary winding 20b is also sequentially wound.
  • the coil diameter of the main winding 20a is 0.75 mm, and the coil diameter of the auxiliary winding 20b is 0.725 mm.
  • the stator slots wound with the main winding 20a and the auxiliary winding 20b at the same time have slots S5, S10, S19, and S24.
  • a single-phase induction motor includes: the stator 1 and the rotor of the above-mentioned embodiment, and the rotor is rotatably provided in the stator core 1a.
  • the stator 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is used for a single-phase induction motor having two poles (for example, two poles of N pole and S pole).
  • the stator 1 includes a stator core 1 a and a main winding 20 a and an auxiliary winding 20 b inserted into a stator slot.
  • the main winding 20 a and the auxiliary winding 20 b constitute a winding.
  • the rotor includes a rotor core and a squirrel-cage cast aluminum winding rotatably disposed on the inner periphery of the stator 1 and forms a single-phase induction motor together with the stator 1.
  • the specific structure of the rotor is well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here. .
  • the number of the stator slots is increased, so that the harmonic magnetic field of the stator 1 is reduced, the additional loss is reduced, and the harmonic leakage reactance is small.
  • the existence of the cut edges can ensure the passage of the refrigerant and lubricant in the motor and ensure the stable operation of the motor.
  • the compressor according to the embodiment of the third aspect of the present application includes the single-phase induction motor of the embodiment described above.
  • the above-mentioned compressor has the advantages of the above-mentioned electric motor, and is not repeated here.
  • a refrigeration apparatus includes the compressor of the above-mentioned embodiment.
  • a compressor equipped with the above-mentioned single-phase induction motor in a refrigeration device it is possible to improve the performance of the refrigeration device, make it compact, and the price is low.
  • first and second may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.
  • multiple means two or more.

Abstract

本申请公开了一种定子(1)、单相感应电动机、压缩机以及制冷设备，定子(1)包括：定子铁芯(1a)及在定子槽内卷绕成两极的主绕组(20a)和辅助绕组(20b)；定子槽为28个且包括多个第一定子槽(1b)和第二定子槽(1c)，定子槽在定子铁芯(1a)的周向方向依次分布为第一至第八组，第一组定子槽、第三组定子槽、第五组定子槽、第七组定子槽包括2个第一定子槽(1b)，第二组定子槽、第六组定子槽包括4个第二定子槽(1b)，第四组定子槽、第八组定子槽包括6个第二定子槽(1c)，定子铁芯(1a)外周具有与第一定子槽(1b)对应的切边。

Description

定子、单相感应电动机、压缩机以及制冷设备
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求广东美芝制冷设备有限公司于2018年07月27日提交的、申请名称为“定子、单相感应电动机、压缩机以及制冷设备”的、中国专利申请号“201810845426.5”的优先权。
技术领域
本申请涉及压缩机技术领域，具体而言，涉及定子、单相感应电动机、压缩机及制冷设备。
背景技术
相关技术中，在应用于空调等制冷装置的压缩机中，压缩机内起到驱动作用的部件为电动机，电动机通常采用无刷直流电动机、感应电动机。
对于使用单相感应电动机的压缩机，通常单相感应电动机包括：由主绕组和与主绕组相差90度线圈角的串接有运转电容器的辅助绕组共同构成的定子绕组，转子一般为鼠笼式铸铝结构。已有的单相感应电动机的定子槽的数目一般为20、24等，该定子槽的数目设计比较陈旧，不能提高电动机的工作效率。
发明内容
本申请旨在至少解决现有技术中存在的技术问题之一。为此，本申请提出一种定子，通过设置第一定子槽的个数及尺寸、线圈层数和切边位置，有效提升了单相感应电动机的效率水平，使得电动机具备更强的市场竞争力。
根据本申请第一方面实施例的定子包括：定子铁芯、主绕组以及辅助绕组，所述定子铁芯具有多个定子槽，所述主绕组和所述辅助绕组均包括在所述定子槽内卷绕形成相应绕组的两极的多层线圈；其中，所述定子槽的个数为28个且包括多个第一定子槽和多个径向深度大于所述第一定子槽的第二定子槽，所述多个定子槽在所述定子铁芯的周向方向依次分布为第一组至第八组，第一组定子槽、第三组定子槽、第五组定子槽、第七组定子槽均包括2个所述第一定子槽，第二组定子槽、第六组定子槽均包括4个所述第二定子槽，第四组定子槽、第八组定子槽均包括6个所述第二定子槽，所述定子铁芯的外周面具有与所述第一定子槽相对的切边。
本申请实施例的定子与现有技术的定子槽的数目为20、24等相比，通过将定子槽的数 目设置为28个，增大了定子槽的数目，使得定子谐波磁场减小，附加损耗降低，谐波漏抗小。
根据本申请第二方面实施例的单相感应电动机包括：所述的定子以及转子，所述转子可转动地设于所述定子铁芯内。
根据本申请第三方面实施例的压缩机，包括所述的单相感应电动机。
根据本申请第四方面实施例的制冷设备，包括所述的压缩机。
本申请的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，部分将从下面的描述中变得明显，或通过本申请的实践了解到。
附图说明
图1是根据本申请实施例的定子铁芯的横剖视图。
图2是根据本申请实施例的定子附加绕线方式的横剖视图。
图3是根据本申请实施例的单向感应电动机的一个局部示意图。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本申请的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，旨在用于解释本申请，而不能理解为对本申请的限制。
下面参考图1至图3描述根据本申请实施例的定子1。
根据本申请第一方面实施例的定子1包括：定子铁芯1a、主绕组20a以及辅助绕组20b，定子铁芯1a具有多个定子槽，主绕组20a和辅助绕组20b均包括在定子槽内卷绕形成相应绕组的两极的多层线圈。
其中，定子槽的个数为28个，定子槽包括多个第一定子槽1b和多个径向深度大于第一定子槽1b的第二定子槽1c，定子铁芯1a的外周面具有与第一定子槽1b相对应的切边(如2a、2b、2c、2d)。具体地，切边位于定子铁芯1a的弧形的外周面所限定出的圆环内。
可以理解的是，定子铁芯1a的中部具有沿轴向贯通定子1两端的安装通孔，安装通孔用于安装转子，第一定子槽1b的槽口、第二定子槽1c的槽口均延伸至与安装通孔连通，多个定子槽沿定子铁芯1a的周向均布，第一定子槽1b、第二定子槽1c均沿定子铁芯1a的径向延伸，即每个定子槽的深度方向均与定子铁芯1a的径向相一致。
本申请实施例的定子1，与现有技术的定子槽的数目为20、24等相比，通过将定子槽的数目设置为28个，增大了定子槽的数目，使得定子谐波磁场减小，附加损耗降 低，谐波漏抗小。切边的存在可保证电机内部的冷媒和润滑油的通过，确保了电机的稳定运行。
多个定子槽在定子铁芯1a的周向方向依次分布为第一组至第八组，第一组定子槽、第三组定子槽、第五组定子槽、第七组定子槽均包括2个第一定子槽1b，第二组定子槽、第六组定子槽均包括4个第二定子槽，第四组定子槽、第八组定子槽均包括6个第二定子槽1c，定子铁芯1a的外周面具有与第一定子槽1b相对的切边(如2a、2b、2c、2d)。这样，通过优化配置定子1的第一定子槽1b的个数、第二定子槽1c的个数、排列顺序及尺寸和定子1切边的位置，有效提升了单相感应电动机的效率水平，使得电动机具备更强的市场竞争力。
在一些实施例中，定子1在定子铁芯1a的周向方向均匀地设置有多个第一定子槽1b和径向深度大于第一定子槽1b的第二定子槽1c。具体地，定子铁芯1a设置有28个槽，第一定子槽1b与第二定子槽1c依次以2个第一定子槽1b(槽S3和S4)形成第1组、4个第二定子槽1c(槽S1、S2、S27和S28)形成第2组、2个第一定子槽1b(槽S25和S26)形成第3组、6个第二定子槽1c形成(槽S19～S24)形成第4组、2个第一定子槽1b(槽S17和S18)形成第5组、4个第二定子槽1c(槽S13～S16)形成第6组、2个第一定子槽1b(槽S11和S12)形成第7组、6个第二定子槽1c(槽S5～S10)形成第8组共8组的方式在定子铁芯1a的周向方向均匀排列。
多个切边分别与多个奇数组定子槽一一对应，且多个切边与定子铁芯1a的中心轴线的距离可以相等。
在两极绕线的单相感应电动机中，其旋转磁场为歪斜了的椭圆形，磁密的饱和会使得电动机的磁场谐波恶化严重，进而降低了电动机的效率。为了解决这一问题，通过设置槽深不同的定子槽，并将切边设置成与槽深较小的第一定子槽1b相对应，由此有效地缓解切边所对应的定子铁芯1a的外周部的磁密饱和。
其中，0.925≤第一定子槽1b的槽底所在的圆的直径/第二定子槽1c的槽底所在圆的直径≤0.985。换言之，第一定子槽1b的槽底所在的圆的直径D1与第二定子槽1c的槽底所在圆的直径D2之比设定为大于或等于0.925，并且小于或等于0.985。这样方便位于定子铁芯1a的外周面的切边的设置，以及每一极下绕组的线圈层数和绕组各层的匝数配置。
本实施例中，所述第一定子槽1b的槽底所在的圆的直径D1＝86.2mm，所述第二定子槽1c的槽底所在的圆的直径D2＝91.2mm，D1/D2≈0.945。
如图3所示，四个大致直线状的切边2a～2d设置在4组第一定子槽1b(第1组、第3组、第5组、第7组)对应的定子铁芯1a的外周部。四个切边设置在4组第一定 子槽1b对应的定子铁芯1a的外周部。
在图2所示的具体实施例中，第四组定子槽与第八组定子槽相对于第一中心线对称设置，第二组定子槽与第六组定子槽相对于第二中心线对称设置，主绕组20a的两极与辅助绕组20b的两极呈正交分布，形成主绕组20a的第一极的线圈与形成主绕组20a的第二极的线圈对称地分布在第一中心线的两侧，形成辅助绕组20b的第一极的线圈与形成辅助绕组20b的第二极的线圈对称地分布在第二中心线的两侧。换言之，主绕组20a和辅助绕组20b的线圈角是90度。主绕组20a的每一极的层数为五层，辅助绕组20b的每一极的层数为三层。
如图2所示，主绕组20a的两极中的每一极下卷绕成五层对称地设置在穿过彼此面对的第2组和第6组的第一中心线L1的两侧，辅助绕组20b的两极中的每一极下卷绕成三层对称地设置在穿过彼此面对的第4组和第8组的第二中心线L2的两侧。
主绕组20a的每一极的层数为五层，主绕组20a的每一极由五层线圈组成，第一层线圈至第五层线圈从最外侧到最里侧依次分布，第一层线圈至第五层线圈所插入的两个定子槽之间包含的定子齿数分别为13、11、9、7、5。
辅助绕组20b的每一极的层数为三层，辅助绕组20b的每一极由三层线圈组成，第一层线圈至第三层线圈从最外侧到最里侧依次分布，第一层线圈至第三层线圈所插入的两个定子槽之间包含的定子齿数分别为13、11、9。
这样，设置主绕组20a和辅助绕组20b每一极下的线圈层数，使得同时插入有主绕组20a和辅助绕组20b的定子槽的数目少，提高了定子槽的利用率。同时，通过设置第一定子槽1b的数目和尺寸，使得主绕组20a和辅助绕组20b每一极下各层线圈的数目随着层数增大减少，可缩短主绕组20a和辅助绕组20b在绕线时的端部堆积空间，从而可缩短绕组的端部长度，减少铜线用量和绕组发热损失，提高了电动机效率。
此外，为了确保绕组和定子铁芯1a之间的绝缘，在定子槽插入绝缘材料，在图2中省略了图示。
在图2及图3的示例中，定子槽的数量是从槽S1到S28的28个。定子铁芯1a是将板厚为0.1mm～1.5mm的电磁钢板冲压成规定的形状并在轴向叠压、通过铆接或焊接等进行固定而制造的。
在图2所示的具体实施例中，主绕组20a和辅助绕组20b的线圈布置方式以及缠绕匝数具体如下：
主绕组20a的第一极的第一层线圈在定子槽S1和S14上卷绕66匝。
主绕组20a的第一极的第二层线圈在定子槽S2和S13上卷绕65匝。
主绕组20a的第一极的第三层线圈在定子槽S3和S12上卷绕48匝。
主绕组20a的第一极的第四层线圈在定子槽S4和S11上卷绕47匝。
主绕组20a的第一极的第五层线圈在定子槽S5和S10上卷绕19匝。
主绕组20a的第二极的第一层线圈在定子槽S15和S28上卷绕66匝。
主绕组20a的第二极的第二层线圈在定子槽S16和S27上卷绕65匝。
主绕组20a的第二极的第三层线圈在定子槽S17和S26上卷绕48匝。
主绕组20a的第二极的第四层线圈在定子槽S18和S25上卷绕47匝。
主绕组20a的第二极的第五层线圈在定子槽S19和S24上卷绕19匝。
主绕组20a的第一极的各层的线圈匝数与第二极的对应层的线圈匝数相同。如，主绕组20a的第一极的第一层的线圈匝数与第二极的第二层的线圈匝数相同。主绕组20a的各层的绕组的数目随着层数增大而减少。主绕组20a的第一层线圈卷在是将28个定子槽平分后的14个定子槽中的相距最远的定子槽(定子槽S1和S14)上。主绕组20a的第二层线圈紧邻第一层线圈卷绕。主绕组20a的第三层线圈紧邻第二层线圈卷绕。主绕组20a的第四、第五层线圈也依次卷绕。
辅助绕组20b的第一极的第一层线圈在定子槽S7和S22上卷绕72匝。
辅助绕组20b的第一极的第二层线圈在定子槽S6和S23上卷绕72匝。
辅助绕组20b的第一极的第三层线圈在定子槽S5和S24上卷绕42匝。
辅助绕组20b的第二极的第一层线圈在定子槽S8和S21上卷绕72匝。
辅助绕组20b的第二极的第二层线圈在定子槽S9和S20上卷绕72匝。
辅助绕组20b的第二极的第三层线圈在定子槽S10和S19上卷绕42匝。
辅助绕组20b的第一极的各层的线圈匝数与第二极的对应层的线圈匝数相同。如，辅助绕组20b的第一极的第一层的线圈匝数与第二极的第二层的线圈匝数相同。辅助绕组20b的各层的绕组的数目随着层数增大而减少。辅助绕组20b的第一层卷在了如下定子槽(S7和S22)上，该定子槽(S7和S22)是从卷绕了主绕组20a的第一层线圈的定子槽(定子槽S1和定子槽S14)错开90度的线圈角的定子槽，且是将28个定子槽平分后的14个定子槽中相距最远的定子槽。辅助绕组20b的第二层线圈紧邻第一层线圈卷绕。辅助绕组20b的第三层也依次卷绕。
主绕组20a的线圈直径为0.75mm，辅助绕组20b的线圈直径为0.725mm。同时卷绕有主绕组20a和辅助绕组20b的定子槽有槽S5、S10、S19和S24。
根据本申请第二方面实施例的单相感应电动机包括：上述实施例的定子1以及转子，转子可转动地设于定子铁芯1a内。图1及图2所示的定子1用于两极(例如N极和S极的两极)的单相感应电动机。
定子1具有定子铁芯1a和插入定子槽的主绕组20a和辅助绕组20b，由主绕组20a 和辅助绕组20b构成绕组。转子包括转子铁芯和鼠笼铸铝绕组可旋转地设置在定子1的内周部，与定子1共同组成单相感应电动机，转子的具体结构为本领域专业人员所熟知，在此不详细介绍。
本申请实施例的单相感应电动机，通过将定子槽的数目设置为28个，增大了定子槽的数目，使得定子1谐波磁场减小，附加损耗降低，谐波漏抗小。切边的存在可保证电机内部的冷媒和润滑油的通过，确保了电机的稳定运行。通过设置槽深不同的定子槽，并将切边设置成与槽深较小的第一定子槽1b相对应，由此有效地缓解切边所对应的定子铁芯1a的外周部的磁密饱和。
根据本申请第三方面实施例的压缩机包括上述实施例的单相感应电动机。上述压缩机具有上述电动机的优点，在此不赘述。
根据本申请第四方面实施例的制冷设备包括上述实施例的压缩机。通过将安装有上述单相感应电动机的压缩机用于制冷设备，可提高制冷设备的性能，使其小型化，价格低。
在本申请的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的结构或单元必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。此外，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本申请的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示意性实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本申请的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
尽管已经示出和描述了本申请的实施例，本领域的普通技术人员可以理解：在不脱离本申请的原理和宗旨的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本申请的范围由权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种定子，其特征在于，包括：定子铁芯、主绕组以及辅助绕组，所述定子铁芯具有多个定子槽，所述主绕组和所述辅助绕组均包括在所述定子槽内卷绕形成相应绕组的两极的多层线圈；其中，所述定子槽的个数为28个且包括多个第一定子槽和多个径向深度大于所述第一定子槽的第二定子槽，所述多个定子槽在所述定子铁芯的周向方向依次分布为第一组至第八组，第一组定子槽、第三组定子槽、第五组定子槽、第七组定子槽均包括2个所述第一定子槽，第二组定子槽、第六组定子槽均包括4个所述第二定子槽，第四组定子槽、第八组定子槽均包括6个所述第二定子槽，所述定子铁芯的外周面具有与所述第一定子槽相对的切边。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的定子，其特征在于，0.925≤所述第一定子槽的槽底所在的圆的直径/所述第二定子槽的槽底所在圆的直径≤0.985。
  3. 根据权利要求1-2中任一项所述的定子，其特征在于，多个所述切边分别与多个奇数组定子槽一一对应，且多个切边与所述定子铁芯的中心轴线的距离相等。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的定子，其特征在于，所述第四组定子槽与所述第八组定子槽相对于第一中心线对称设置，所述第二组定子槽与所述第六组定子槽相对于第二中心线对称设置，所述主绕组的两极与所述辅助绕组的两极呈正交分布，形成所述主绕组的第一极的线圈与形成所述主绕组的第二极的线圈对称地分布在所述第一中心线的两侧，形成所述辅助绕组的第一极的线圈与形成所述辅助绕组的第二极的线圈对称地分布在所述第二中心线的两侧。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的定子，其特征在于，所述主绕组的每一极的层数为五层，所述主绕组的每一极由五层线圈组成，所述第一层线圈至所述第五层线圈从最外侧到最里侧依次分布，第一层线圈至第五层线圈所插入的两个定子槽之间包含的定子齿数分别为13、11、9、7、5；
    所述辅助绕组的每一极的层数为三层，所述辅助绕组的每一极由三层线圈组成，所述第一层线圈至所述第三层线圈从最外侧到最里侧依次分布，第一层线圈至第三层线圈所插入的两个定子槽之间包含的定子齿数分别为13、11、9。
  6. 一种单相感应电动机，其特征在于，包括：
    如权利要求1-5中任一项所述的定子；以及
    转子，所述转子可转动地设于所述定子铁芯内。
  7. 一种压缩机，其特征在于，包括如权利要求6所述的单相感应电动机。
  8. 一种制冷设备，其特征在于，包括权利要求7所述的压缩机。
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