WO2020011161A1 - 一种静音自发电发电机 - Google Patents

一种静音自发电发电机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020011161A1
WO2020011161A1 PCT/CN2019/095243 CN2019095243W WO2020011161A1 WO 2020011161 A1 WO2020011161 A1 WO 2020011161A1 CN 2019095243 W CN2019095243 W CN 2019095243W WO 2020011161 A1 WO2020011161 A1 WO 2020011161A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rotor
phase
stator
generating
power generation
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PCT/CN2019/095243
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张喆
廖新春
廖超辉
Original Assignee
张喆
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 张喆 filed Critical 张喆
Priority to EP19833619.0A priority Critical patent/EP3823137A4/en
Priority to KR1020217001076A priority patent/KR102616342B1/ko
Priority to JP2021502817A priority patent/JP7309113B2/ja
Priority to BR112021000495-5A priority patent/BR112021000495A2/pt
Publication of WO2020011161A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020011161A1/zh
Priority to US17/147,045 priority patent/US20210135540A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
    • H02K21/22—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating around the armatures, e.g. flywheel magnetos
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/16—Stator cores with slots for windings
    • H02K1/165—Shape, form or location of the slots
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B21/00—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices
    • A63B21/005—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices using electromagnetic or electric force-resisters
    • A63B21/0053—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices using electromagnetic or electric force-resisters using alternators or dynamos
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
    • H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
    • H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
    • H02K1/274—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
    • H02K1/2753—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets the rotor consisting of magnets or groups of magnets arranged with alternating polarity
    • H02K1/278—Surface mounted magnets; Inset magnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
    • H02K1/2786—Outer rotors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K17/00—Asynchronous induction motors; Asynchronous induction generators
    • H02K17/42—Asynchronous induction generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
    • H02K21/14—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K29/00—Motors or generators having non-mechanical commutating devices, e.g. discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
    • H02K29/03—Motors or generators having non-mechanical commutating devices, e.g. discharge tubes or semiconductor devices with a magnetic circuit specially adapted for avoiding torque ripples or self-starting problems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00—Details of windings
    • H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
    • H02K3/28—Layout of windings or of connections between windings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/24—Casings; Enclosures; Supports specially adapted for suppression or reduction of noise or vibrations
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B21/00—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices
    • A63B21/005—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices using electromagnetic or electric force-resisters
    • A63B21/0051—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices using electromagnetic or electric force-resisters using eddy currents induced in moved elements, e.g. by permanent magnets

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of sports fitness equipment and generators, and in particular to a silent self-generating generator.
  • the technical difficulty encountered in the self-generation process is that the self-generation generator always generates large or small vibration forces and noises during work, which affects the quality of use of the fitness equipment.
  • Existing self-generating generators (dampers) and permanent magnet generators have this defect, and some vibrations are very obvious.
  • the principle of self-generation power generation usually adopts the principle of three-phase power generation. If the three-phase power generation winding adopts the chain-embedded method, the vibration and noise are slightly smaller, but according to the requirements of anti-vibration of the fitness machine, it cannot be met.
  • the present invention provides a silent self-generating generator, which in principle eliminates the causes of vibration and noise, so that the self-generating generator works in a silent state, especially the self-generating generator can To meet the requirements of various fitness equipment.
  • the invention provides a silent self-generating generator, which includes a stator power generating armature and a rotor excitation magnet; wherein:
  • the stator power generating armature extends toward the rotor field magnet with a plurality of cylindrical induction magnetic poles, and the cylindrical induction magnetic poles are wound with power generating windings;
  • the rotor field magnet faces the stator power generating armature and includes at least two layers of structures that are attached to each other, one of which is composed of a non-magnetic material and the other layer is composed of a ferromagnetic material and a magnetic material. They are arranged in phases, forming several pairs of excitation magnets for power generation.
  • the stator power generating armature and the rotor field magnet adopt the structure of the outer rotor inner stator, wherein: the stator power generating armature has an inner ring, and a plurality of cylindrical induction magnetic poles extend outward from the inner ring. A generator winding is wound on the induction magnetic pole.
  • the rotor field magnet includes a three-layer structure in a direction toward the stator power generating armature, in this order:
  • Rotor outer ring made of magnetically permeable material
  • Rotor intermediate layer composed of non-magnetic material
  • the inner ring of the rotor is composed of a ferromagnetic material magnet and a magnetically permeable material.
  • the side of the ferromagnetic material field magnet facing the stator power generating armature is thick in the middle and forms an inner arc surface, and the two sides are thin and form an inclined plane.
  • the stator power generating armature and the rotor field magnet adopt the structure of an outer stator and an inner rotor, wherein: the stator power generating armature has an outer ring, and a plurality of cylindrical induction magnetic poles extend from the outer ring to the inside. The shape induction magnetic pole is wound with a power generating winding.
  • the rotor field magnet includes a two-layer structure in a direction toward the stator power generating armature, in order:
  • Rotor inner ring made of non-magnetic material
  • the outer ring of the rotor is composed of a ferromagnetic material magnet and a magnetically conductive material.
  • the ferromagnetic material exciter is thick in the middle and forms an outer arc surface, and is thin on both sides and forms an inclined plane.
  • the combination ratio of the number of columnar magnetic poles and the number of ferromagnetic material magnets on the rotor field magnet satisfies the two-phase and three-phase power generation conditions.
  • the number of columnar induction poles is 12 and the number of ferromagnetic material field magnets is 5 pairs, and the combination ratio satisfies the conditions of two-phase and three-pole two-pole power generation; or, the number of columnar induction poles is 24 and the ferromagnetic material is The number of field magnets is 10 pairs, and the combination ratio satisfies the conditions of double three-phase four-pole power generation.
  • the power generation output circuit of the two-phase three-phase two-pole or two-three-phase four-pole power generation adopts a single group of three-phase power generation output or a dual group of three-phase power generation output.
  • the silent self-generating generator of the present invention at least two layers of two different materials are used for the technical solution of the rotor field magnet in structural technical features, one of which is composed of a non-magnetic material, and the other layer is composed of a ferromagnetic material field and a magnetic field.
  • the magnetic material magnets are arranged in phases along the circumferential direction, which can relieve the abrupt change of the magnetic potential difference in the boundary area of the excitation magnetic field, which can effectively reduce the vibration and noise during the operation of the generator.
  • the ferromagnetic material exciter is an irregular shape with thick middle sides and thinner sides, and an optimized solution is further designed, that is, the side of the ferromagnetic material exciter facing the stator generator armature is middle thick and forms an arc.
  • the two sides are thin and form an oblique plane, which further realizes the effect of slowing the sudden change of the magnetic potential difference in the boundary area of the excitation magnetic field, which further reduces the vibration and noise during the operation of the generator.
  • the combination ratio condition of the number of the cylindrical induction magnetic poles and the number of the excitation magnets of the present invention satisfies the requirements of two-phase and three-phase power generation, so that the vibration force of the excitation magnetic field on the iron core is weakened.
  • the sources of vibration and noise generated by self-generating generators are eliminated from the source, and new high-quality silent power generation products are provided for the fitness equipment industry and the generator industry.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a silent self-generating generator having a dual-phase three-phase two-pole combination ratio of an inner stator of a rotor according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a silent self-generating generator with a two-phase three-phase two-pole combination ratio of an inner rotor of a stator according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the stator power generating armature of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 4 is a structural schematic view of the rotor excitation magnet of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 5a is a schematic cross-sectional view of a single ferromagnetic material magnet in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 5b is a schematic cross-sectional view of a single ferromagnetic material field magnet in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a power generation winding structure when a single group of three-phase power output is used in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a power generation winding structure when a dual-group three-phase power output is used in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a power generation winding structure when a dual-group three-phase power output is used in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a silent self-generating generator with a two-phase three-phase four-pole combination ratio of an inner stator and an outer rotor of one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the silent self-generating generator 10 includes a stator power generator armature 12 and a rotor field magnet 11.
  • the stator power generator armature 12 and the rotor field magnet 11 adopt The structure of the inner stator of the outer rotor includes: the stator power generating armature 12 has an inner ring 121, and a plurality of cylindrical induction magnetic poles 122 extends outward from the inner ring 121.
  • the cylindrical induction magnetic poles 122 are wound with power generating windings 123.
  • the rotor field magnet 11 includes a three-layer structure in a direction toward the stator power generating armature 12, which are:
  • the rotor outer ring 110 is made of a magnetically conductive material and plays a magnetic field shielding role;
  • the rotor intermediate layer 112 is composed of a non-magnetic material
  • the rotor inner ring 111 is composed of a ferromagnetic material field magnet 1110 and a magnetic material field material magnet 1111 arranged alternately in the circumferential direction.
  • the ferromagnetic material exciter 1110 is an irregular shape that is thick in the middle (see reference numeral 1115) and thin on both sides (see reference numeral 1112). Specifically, a side of the ferromagnetic material field magnet 1110 facing the stator power generating armature 12 is thick in the middle and forms an inner arc surface 1113, and is thin on both sides and forms an inclined plane 1114.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a stator armature 12 and a rotor exciter 11 of a two-three-phase two-pole generator, and the main structure is an inner stator of an outer rotor.
  • the combination ratio of the number of the cylindrical induction magnetic poles 122 and the number of the ferromagnetic material field magnets 1110 on the rotor field magnet 11 satisfies the two-phase and three-phase power generation conditions.
  • the number of ferromagnetic material field magnets 1110 shown in FIG. 1 is ten, and the number of stator pole-shaped magnetic poles 122 is twelve.
  • the 12 cylindrical induction poles corresponding to the 10 field magnets constitute the two-phase and three-phase two-pole power generation conditions on the overall magnetic circuit distribution structure.
  • A1 and A1 ° indicated in FIG. 1 represent the first phase of the three-phase A phase. Occupies the corresponding pole position of the magnetic pole.
  • A2 and A2 ° marked in the figure indicate the positions occupied by the A phase of the second group of three phases.
  • the electrical angles of the 120-degree difference between the heads of A1, B1, and C1 are in accordance with the three phases.
  • the electrical angles of the 120-degree difference between the ends of A2, B2, and C2 are in accordance with the three-phase two-pole power generation conditions, so the two-phase two-pole power generation conditions are satisfied in the entire generator system.
  • stator generating armature is provided with an inner ring, and a plurality of cylindrical induction magnetic poles are extended outward from the inner ring, and a generator winding is wound on the cylindrical induction magnetic pole.
  • the rotor field magnet is composed of three layers of three different materials; the three layers of three different materials are: the rotor outer ring 110, which is composed of magnetically permeable material.
  • the magnetically permeable material can be electrical pure iron, cast iron, Cast steel, etc .;
  • the rotor intermediate layer 112 is made of non-magnetic pole material, and the non-magnetic material can be aluminum, stainless steel, plastic, etc .;
  • the inner ring 111 of the rotor is composed of ferromagnetic material field magnet 1110 and magnetic material material magnet 1111.
  • the ferromagnetic material exciter 1110 may use neodymium-iron-boron, ferrite, etc .; and the magnetically conductive material, the magnet 1111 may use iron plates, steel plates, and the like. Of course, the ferromagnetic material exciter 1110 may use permanent magnet excitation or electromagnetic excitation.
  • the rotor outer ring 110 can generally be cast together with other parts of the rotor.
  • the rotor intermediate layer 112 is generally processed into a circle and inserted into the rotor outer ring 110.
  • the ferromagnetic material field magnet 1110 After the forming process, the magnetization is performed to excite the self-generating generator.
  • the magnetically conductive material 1111 is generally stamped with iron plates or steel plates to form small iron bars.
  • the two pieces of ferromagnetic material 1111 (such as permanent magnets or electromagnetic materials) A small iron bar is embedded between the two, the purpose is to relieve the magnetic potential difference between the two permanent magnets or the two magnetic poles N, S of the electromagnetic material, that is, to relieve the abrupt change of the magnetic potential difference at the boundary of the excitation magnetic field.
  • the condition of the combination ratio between the number of the cylindrical induction magnetic poles and the number of the excitation magnets of the present invention satisfies the requirements of two-phase and three-phase power generation, so that the vibration force of the excitation magnetic field on the iron core is weakened.
  • the two-phase two-phase or double three-phase four-pole power generation output circuit can use a single group of three-phase power output connections, or it can use two groups of three-phase power output connections.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the winding structure of the generator when single-phase three-phase power output is used in Figure 1.
  • the first end of phase A in the figure is wound from the 1st pole induction pole, and then wound to the 1 ° pole induction pole. Continue winding. After completing the winding of phase A, the tail end of phase A is led away from the 1 ° cylindrical induction magnetic pole.
  • the winding method of phase B and phase C in Figure 6 is the same as that of phase A.
  • AS, BS, and CS respectively represent the leading end of phase A, the leading end of phase B, and the leading end of phase C;
  • AW, BW, and CW represent the trailing end of phase A, trailing end of phase B, and trailing end of phase C, respectively.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the generator winding when the two-phase three-phase power output is used in Figure 1.
  • A1S, B1S, and C1S represent the A1 phase, B1, and C1 phases;
  • A1W, B1W, and C1W respectively represent the A1 phase.
  • A2S, B2S, and C2S respectively represent A2 end, B2 phase end, and C2 end;
  • A2W, B2W, and C2W respectively represent A2 end and B2 end End, C2 phase tail end.
  • the first group of three phases in the picture the first end of phase A1 (No. 1) is connected to the end of A1 (No. 1), the first end of phase B1 (No.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a silent self-generating generator with a two-phase three-phase four-pole combination ratio of an inner stator and an outer rotor of one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the silent self-generating generator 30 includes a stator power generator armature 32 and a rotor field magnet 31.
  • the stator power generator armature 32 and the rotor field magnet 31 adopt a structure of an outer rotor inner stator, wherein: the stator power generator armature 32 has an inner ring, A plurality of cylindrical induction magnetic poles are extended outward, and a generator winding is wound on the cylindrical induction magnetic pole.
  • the rotor field magnet 31 includes a three-layer structure in a direction toward the stator power generating armature 32, which are:
  • the rotor outer ring 310 is made of a magnetically conductive material
  • the rotor intermediate layer 312 is composed of a non-magnetic material
  • the rotor inner ring 311 is composed of a ferromagnetic material field magnet 3110 and a magnetic material field magnet 3111 arranged in a circumferential direction.
  • the rotor field magnet contains 20 ferromagnetic material field magnets 3110, which surrounds the 24 cylindrical induction poles on the stator generator armature 32, and the magnetic circuit distribution satisfies double three phases and four poles. Power generation conditions.
  • stator cylindrical magnetic poles on the stator generator armature 32 are marked with 4 A1 and are distributed at a 90-degree angle to each other, indicating the position occupied by the first group of three-phase four-pole A-phase windings, and the other phases follow this method analogy.
  • the silent self-generating generator 20 includes a stator power generator armature 22 and a rotor field magnet 21.
  • the stator power generator armature 22 and the rotor field magnet 21 use an outer stator and an inner rotor.
  • the structure includes: the stator power generating armature 22 has an outer ring, and a plurality of columnar induction magnetic poles extend from the outer ring inward, and the columnar induction magnetic pole is wound with a power generating winding.
  • the rotor field magnet 21 includes a two-layer structure in a direction toward the stator power generating armature 22, which are:
  • the rotor inner ring 212 is made of a non-magnetic material
  • the rotor outer ring 211 is composed of a ferromagnetic material field magnet 2110 and a magnetically conductive material magnet 2111 arranged in a circumferential direction.
  • FIG. 2 Since the structure of FIG. 2 is an inner rotor field magnet, a ferromagnetic material field magnet 2110 is attached to the outer ring 211 of the rotor and is arranged alternately with the magnetically conductive material 2111.
  • the shaft and other parts of the inner ring of the rotor are generally made of steel. Magnetically permeable material, so the rotor exciter 21 usually uses two layers, and no additional magnetically permeable material is required to shield the magnetic field.
  • the ferromagnetic material exciter 2110 is an irregular shape with a middle thickness (see reference numeral 2115) and thin sides (see reference numeral 2112). Specifically, the ferromagnetic material exciter 2110 is thick in the middle and forms an outer arc surface 2113, and is thin on both sides and forms an inclined plane 2114.
  • Fig. 2 is consistent with Fig. 1 in principle, but the rotor exciter is different, and the structural relationship between the stator and the rotor is interchanged, and Fig. 2 will not be described in detail here.
  • the field magnet is composed of at least two different materials; the ferromagnetic material field magnet is an irregular shape with a thick middle side and thin sides; on the method feature, a dual three-phase electromagnetic circuit is applied.
  • the distribution characteristics make the silent self-generating generator eliminate the source of vibration and noise from the root, and provide excellent new generator products for the sports fitness equipment industry and high demand power generation places.

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  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
  • Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
  • Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
  • Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
  • Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)

Abstract

一种静音自发电发电机，包括定子发电电枢（12）和转子励磁体（11），定子发电电枢（12）朝向转子励磁体（11）方向延展有若干个柱形感应磁极（122），柱形感应磁极（122）上绕有发电绕组（123）；转子励磁体（11）在朝向定子发电电枢（12）的方向，包括相互贴合的至少两层结构，其中一层由非导磁材料构成，另一层由铁磁性材料励磁体（1110）和导磁材料导磁体（1111）沿周向相间排列组成；铁磁性材料柱形感应磁极（122）的数目与转子励磁体（11）上的铁磁性材料励磁体（1110）的数目组合比满足双三相发电条件；该发电机从原理上消除了产生振动和噪音的根源，使得自发电发电机处在静音状态下工作，尤其是自发电发电机能很好地满足各种健身器的使用要求。

Description

一种静音自发电发电机 技术领域
本发明涉及体育健身器材领域和发电机领域，尤其是涉及一种静音自发电发电机。
背景技术
随着体育健身行业的快速发展，健身器中涉及到的阻尼器需要的质量要求也越来越高。利用自发电原理作为电磁阻尼器是最为科学的方法，它在获得阻尼力的同时，又获得了电能，供健身器自身用电，省去外接电源麻烦，使得健身器在无电源场所也能使用。
但是自发电过程中遇到技术难题是，自发电发电机在工作时总会产生或大或小的振动力和噪音，影响健身器的使用质量。现有的自发电发电机(阻尼器)和永磁发电机都存在这个缺陷，有的振动非常明显。
自发电发电原理通常采用三相发电原理，若是三相发电绕组采用链式嵌线方法，振动和噪音稍小些，但按照健身器的防振要求还不能满足。
发明内容
本发明的特征和优点在下文的描述中部分地陈述，或者可从该描述显而易见，或者可通过实践本发明而学习。
为克服现有技术的问题，本发明提供一种静音自发电发电机，从原理上消除了产生振动和噪音的根源，使得自发电发电机处在静音状态下工作，尤其是自发电发电机能很好地满足各种健身器的使用要求。
本发明解决上述技术问题所采用的技术方案如下：
本发明提供一种静音自发电发电机，包括定子发电电枢和转子励磁体；其中：
定子发电电枢朝向转子励磁体方向延展有若干个柱形感应磁极，柱形感应磁极上绕有发电绕组；
转子励磁体在朝向定子发电电枢的方向，包括相互贴合的至少两层结构，其中一层由非导磁材料构成，另一层由铁磁性材料励磁体和导磁材料导磁体沿周向相间排列组成，形成若干对发电用的励磁体。
根据本发明的一个实施例，定子发电电枢和转子励磁体采用外转子内定子的结构，其中：定子发电电枢有内圈，从内圈向外延展着若干个柱形感应磁极，柱形感应磁极上绕有发电绕组。
根据本发明的一个实施例，转子励磁体在朝向定子发电电枢的方向包括三层结构，依次为：
转子外圈，由导磁材料构成；
转子中间层，由非导磁材料构成；
转子内圈，由铁磁性材料励磁体和导磁材料导磁体沿周向相间排列组成。
优选的方案中，铁磁性材料励磁体朝向定子发电电枢的一面为中间厚且形成内圆弧面，两侧薄且形成斜平面。
根据本发明的另一个实施例，定子发电电枢和转子励磁体采用外定子内转子的结构，其中：定子发电电枢有外圈，从外圈向内延展着若干个柱形感应磁极，柱形感应磁极上绕有发电绕组。
根据本发明的另一个实施例，转子励磁体在朝向定子发电电枢的方向包括两层结构，依次为：
转子内圈，由非导磁材料构成；
转子外圈，由铁磁性材料励磁体和导磁材料导磁体沿周向相间排列组成。
优选的方案中，铁磁性材料励磁体为中间厚且形成外圆弧面，两侧薄且形成斜平面。
优选的方案中，柱形感应磁极的数目与转子励磁体上的铁磁性材料励磁体的数目组合比满足双三相发电条件。
进一步优选地，柱形感应磁极的数目为12个，铁磁性材料励磁体数目为5对，组合比满足双三相两极发电的条件；或者，柱形感应磁极的数目为24个，铁磁性材料励磁体数目为10对，组合比满足双三相四极发电的条件。
优选的方案中，双三相两极或者双三相四极发电的发电输出电路采用单组三相发电输出或双组三相发电电输出。
本发明的静音自发电发电机，在结构技术特征上转子励磁体采用至少两层两种不同材料的技术方案，其中一层由非导磁材料构成，另一层由铁磁性材料励磁体和导磁材料导磁体沿周向相间排列组成，解缓励磁磁场交界区磁势差的突变，这样可以有效减少发电机运行过程中的振动和噪音。
在优选的方案中，铁磁性材料励磁体为中间厚两侧薄的不规则形状，且进一步设计出优化的方案，即铁磁性材料励磁体朝向定子发电电枢的一面为中间厚且形成圆弧面，两侧薄且形成斜平面，进一步实现了解缓励磁磁场交界区磁势差突变的作用，进一步减少了发电机运行过程中的振动和噪音。
同时，本发明结合柱形感应磁极的数目与励磁体的数目组合比条件满足双三相发电的要求，使得励磁磁场对铁芯的振动作用力减弱。
通过本发明的上述技术方案组合，实现了从根源上消除自发电发电机产生振动和噪音的来源，为健身器材行业和发电机行业提供优质的静音发 电新产品。
通过阅读说明书，本领域普通技术人员将更好地了解这些技术方案的特征和内容。
附图说明
下面通过参考附图并结合实例具体地描述本发明，本发明的优点和实现方式将会更加明显，其中附图所示内容仅用于对本发明的解释说明，而不构成对本发明的任何意义上的限制，在附图中：
图1为本发明第一实施例外转子内定子双三相两极组合比的静音自发电发电机结构示意图。
图2为本发明第二实施例外定子内转子双三相两极组合比的静音自发电发电机结构示意图。
图3为图1的定子发电电枢结构示意图。
图4为图1的转子励磁体结构示意图。
图5a为图1中单个铁磁性材料励磁体的截面示意图。
图5b为图2中单个铁磁性材料励磁体的截面示意图。
图6为图1中采用单组三相发电输出时发电绕组结构示意图。
图7为图1中采用双组三相发电输出时发电绕组结构示意图。
图8为本发明其中一个实施例，外转子内定子双三相四极组合比的静音自发电发电机结构示意图。
具体实施方式
如图1、图3和图4所示，在本发明的一个实施例中，静音自发电发电机10包括定子发电电枢12和转子励磁体11，定子发电电枢12和转子励磁体11采用外转子内定子的结构，其中：定子发电电枢12有内圈121，从内 圈121向外延展着若干个柱形感应磁极122，柱形感应磁极122上绕有发电绕组123。
转子励磁体11在朝向定子发电电枢12的方向包括三层结构，依次为：
转子外圈110，由导磁材料构成，起到磁场屏蔽作用；
转子中间层112，由非导磁材料构成；
转子内圈111，由铁磁性材料励磁体1110和导磁材料导磁体1111沿周向相间排列组成。
如图5a所示，优选的方案中，铁磁性材料励磁体1110为中间厚(参见标号1115处)，两侧薄(参见标号1112处)的不规则形状。具体而言，铁磁性材料励磁体1110朝向定子发电电枢12的一面为中间厚且形成内圆弧面1113，两侧薄且形成斜平面1114。
图1是双三相两极发电机的定子发电电枢12和转子励磁体11结构示意图，它是以外转子内定子为主体结构。柱形感应磁极122的数目与转子励磁体11上的铁磁性材料励磁体1110的数目组合比满足双三相发电条件。在图1中所示的铁磁性材料励磁体1110是10个，定子柱形感应磁极122为12个。10个励磁体相对应的12个柱形感应磁极，在整体磁路分布结构上构成双三相两极发电条件，具体地说图1中标示的A1、A1°表示第一组三相的A相占有相应的柱形感应磁极位置，图中标示的A2、A2°表示第二组三相的A相占有的位置，在图中A1、B1、C1的首端相差120度的电气角符合三相两极发电条件，A2、B2、C2的首端相差120度的电气角符合三相两极发电条件，所以在发电机整系统内满足双三相两极发电的条件。
双三相两极发电机主体结构，如图3所示，定子发电电枢设有内圈，从内圈向外延展着多个柱形感应磁极，在柱形感应磁极上绕有发电绕组。
如图4所示，转子励磁体由三层三种不同材料组合构成；三层三种不同材料分别为，转子外圈110，由导磁材料构成，导磁材料可采用电工纯铁、 铸铁、铸钢等；转子中间层112，由非导磁极材料构成，非导磁材料可采用铝、不锈钢、塑胶等；转子内圈111，由铁磁性材料励磁体1110和导磁材料导磁体1111相间排列组成，铁磁性材料励磁体1110可采用钕铁硼、铁氧体等；导磁材料导磁体1111可采用铁板、钢板等。当然铁磁性材料励磁体1110可以采用永磁励磁，也可以采用电磁励磁。
加工方法：转子外圈110一般可同转子其它部分一起铸造而成，转子中间层112一般单独加工成一个圆圈镶入转子外圈110内部即可；对于转子内圈111，铁磁性材料励磁体1110加工成形后充磁，目的给自发电发电机励磁，导磁材料导磁体1111一般采用铁板或钢板冲压形成小铁条，在两件铁磁性材料励磁体1110(例如永磁铁或电磁材料)之间嵌入小铁条，目的解缓两件永磁铁或电磁材料N、S两磁极之间的磁势差，即解缓励磁磁场交界区磁势差的突变。
本发明的柱形感应磁极的数目与励磁体的数目组合比条件满足双三相发电的要求，使得励磁磁场对铁芯的振动作用力减弱。
双三相两极或双三相四极发电的发电输出电路可以采用单组三相发电输出连接，也可以采用双组三相发电电输出连接。
图6是图1中采用单组三相发电输出时发电绕组结构示意图，图中A相的首端，是从1号柱形感应磁极开始绕线，绕后跨至1°号柱形感应磁极继续绕线，完成A相绕线后，A相的尾端从1°号柱形感应磁极上引去。具体绕制方法请详细参看图6的发电绕组。图6中的B相，C相绕线方法同A相一致。AS、BS、CS分别代表A相首端、B相首端、C相首端；AW、BW、CW分别代表A相尾端、B相尾端、C相尾端。
图7是图1中采用双组三相发电输出时发电绕组结构示意图，A1S、B1S、C1S分别代表A1相首端、B1相首端、C1相首端；A1W、B1W、C1W分别代表A1相尾端、B1相尾端、C1相尾端；A2S、B2S、C2S分别代表A2相首端、 B2相首端、C2相首端；A2W、B2W、C2W分别代表A2相尾端、B2相尾端、C2相尾端。图中第一组三相，A1相首端(1号)连接到A1尾端(1°号)，B1相首端(3°号)连接到B1相尾端(3号)，C1相首端(5号)连接到C1相尾端(5°号)。图中第二组三相，A2相首端(2号)连接到A2相尾端(2°号)，B2相首端(4°号)连接到B2相尾端(4号)，C2相首端(6号)连接到C相尾端(6°号)。具体绕制方法请详细看图7。
图8为本发明其中一个实施例，外转子内定子双三相四极组合比的静音自发电发电机结构示意图。静音自发电发电机30包括定子发电电枢32和转子励磁体31，定子发电电枢32和转子励磁体31采用外转子内定子的结构，其中：定子发电电枢32有内圈，从内圈向外延展着若干个柱形感应磁极，柱形感应磁极上绕有发电绕组。转子励磁体31在朝向定子发电电枢32的方向包括三层结构，依次为：
转子外圈310，由导磁材料构成；
转子中间层312，由非导磁材料构成；
转子内圈311，由铁磁性材料励磁体3110和导磁材料导磁体3111沿周向相间排列组成。
其结构原理与图1类似，只是图中转子励磁体含有20个铁磁性材料励磁体3110，包围着的定子发电电枢32上的24个柱形感应磁极，磁路分布满足双三相四极发电条件。
对于双三相四极发电，各相的绕组结构原理与双三相两极发电相同，不详细叙述。例如：定子发电电枢32上的定子柱形感磁极上标有4个A1，并且相互成90度角分布，表示第一组三相四极A相绕组占有的位置，其它各相照此方法类推。
通过实验证明，不管是双三相两极或双三相四极发电，都可采用单组三相发电输出，或双组三相发电输出，不影响防振效果。
如图2所示，在本发明的另一个实施例中，静音自发电发电机20包括定子发电电枢22和转子励磁体21，定子发电电枢22和转子励磁体21采用外定子内转子的结构，其中：定子发电电枢22有外圈，从外圈向内延展着若干个柱形感应磁极，柱形感应磁极上绕有发电绕组。
转子励磁体21在朝向定子发电电枢22的方向包括两层结构，依次为：
转子内圈212，由非导磁材料构成；
转子外圈211，由铁磁性材料励磁体2110和导磁材料导磁体2111沿周向相间排列组成。
由于图2结构为内转子励磁体，铁磁性材料励磁体2110贴在转子外圈211并与导磁材料导磁体2111相间排列组成，转子内圈的轴和其它部分一般采用钢质材料本身就是属导磁材料，所以转子励磁体21通常情况下采用二层即可，不需要额外的导磁材料进行磁场屏蔽。
如图5b所示，优选的方案中，铁磁性材料励磁体2110为中间厚(参见标号2115处)，两侧薄(参见标号2112处)的不规则形状。具体而言，铁磁性材料励磁体2110为中间厚且形成外圆弧面2113，两侧薄且形成斜平面2114。
图2与图1在原理上是一致的，只是转子励磁体上有所不同，定子、转子结构关系互换，在此对图2不再具体描述。
本发明静音发电技术方案，在结构特征上，励磁体采用至少二层不同材料构成；铁磁性材料励磁体为中间厚两侧薄的不规则形状；在方法特征上，应用双三相发电磁路分布的特点，从而使得静音自发电发电机从根源上消除振动和噪音的来源，为体育健身器材行业以及高要求发电场所提供了优良的发电机新产品。
以上参照附图说明了本发明的优选实施例，本领域技术人员不脱离本发明的范围和实质，可以有多种变型方案实现本发明。举例而言，作为一 个实施例的部分示出或描述的特征可用于另一实施例以得到又一实施例。以上仅为本发明较佳可行的实施例而已，并非因此局限本发明的权利范围，凡运用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效变化，均包含于本发明的权利范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种静音自发电发电机，其特征在于,包括定子发电电枢和转子励磁体；其中：
    所述定子发电电枢朝向所述转子励磁体方向延展有若干个柱形感应磁极，所述柱形感应磁极上绕有发电绕组；
    所述转子励磁体包括相互贴合的至少两层结构，其中一层由非导磁材料构成，另一层由铁磁性材料励磁体和导磁材料导磁体沿周向相间排列组成，形成若干对发电用的励磁体。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的静音自发电发电机，其特征在于，所述定子发电电枢和转子励磁体采用外转子内定子的结构，其中：所述定子发电电枢有内圈，从内圈向外延展着若干个柱形感应磁极，所述柱形感应磁极上绕有发电绕组。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的静音自发电发电机，其特征在于，所述转子励磁体在朝向所述定子发电电枢的方向包括三层结构，依次为：
    转子外圈，由导磁材料构成；
    转子中间层，由非导磁材料构成；
    转子内圈，由铁磁性材料励磁体和导磁材料导磁体沿周向相间排列组成。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的静音自发电发电机，其特征在于，所述铁磁性材料励磁体朝向所述定子发电电枢的一面为中间厚且形成内圆弧面，两侧薄且形成斜平面。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的静音自发电发电机，其特征在于，所述定子发电电枢和转子励磁体采用外定子内转子的结构，其中：所述定子发电电枢有外圈，从外圈向内延展着若干个柱形感应磁极，所述柱形感应磁极上 绕有发电绕组。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的静音自发电发电机，其特征在于，所述转子励磁体在朝向所述定子发电电枢的方向包括两层结构，依次为：
    转子内圈，由非导磁材料构成；
    转子外圈，由铁磁性材料励磁体和导磁材料导磁体沿周向相间排列组成。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的静音自发电发电机，其特征在于，所述铁磁性材料励磁体为中间厚且形成外圆弧面，两侧薄且形成斜平面。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的静音自发电发电机，其特征在于，所述柱形感应磁极的数目与所述转子励磁体上的铁磁性材料励磁体的数目组合比满足双三相发电条件。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的静音自发电发电机，其特征在于，所述柱形感应磁极的数目为12个，所述铁磁性材料励磁体数目为5对，组合比满足双三相两极发电的条件；或者，所述柱形感应磁极的数目为24个，所述铁磁性材料励磁体数目为10对，组合比满足双三相四极发电的条件。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的静音自发电发电机，其特征在于，所述的双三相两极或者所述的双三相四极发电的发电输出电路采用单组三相发电输出或采用双组三相发电输出。
PCT/CN2019/095243 2018-07-13 2019-07-09 一种静音自发电发电机 WO2020011161A1 (zh)

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