WO2020011151A1 - 一种回收含溴烟气中Br2的装置及方法 - Google Patents
一种回收含溴烟气中Br2的装置及方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020011151A1 WO2020011151A1 PCT/CN2019/095219 CN2019095219W WO2020011151A1 WO 2020011151 A1 WO2020011151 A1 WO 2020011151A1 CN 2019095219 W CN2019095219 W CN 2019095219W WO 2020011151 A1 WO2020011151 A1 WO 2020011151A1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/26—Drying gases or vapours
- B01D53/261—Drying gases or vapours by adsorption
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/26—Drying gases or vapours
- B01D53/28—Selection of materials for use as drying agents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/38—Removing components of undefined structure
- B01D53/40—Acidic components
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/77—Liquid phase processes
- B01D53/78—Liquid phase processes with gas-liquid contact
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B7/00—Halogens; Halogen acids
- C01B7/09—Bromine; Hydrogen bromide
- C01B7/096—Bromine
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/40—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds
- B01D2251/404—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds of calcium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
- B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
- B01D2253/106—Silica or silicates
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
- B01D2253/20—Organic adsorbents
- B01D2253/202—Polymeric adsorbents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/20—Halogens or halogen compounds
- B01D2257/202—Single element halogens
- B01D2257/2022—Bromine
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/80—Water
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
- B01D2258/0283—Flue gases
Definitions
- the invention relates to the technical field of removal or treatment of combustion products or combustion residues, in particular to a device and method for recovering Br 2 in bromine-containing flue gas.
- brominated flame retardants (BFRs) will remain the main flame retardants used in printed circuit boards for a long time.
- the Br content in the sample is usually in the range of 3.2 to 8.5 wt.%.
- a 1 ton circuit board contains dozens of kilograms of Br, and the quantity is very considerable.
- the precious metal recovery rate is the highest. It can also directly use the thermal energy in the resin and use glass fiber as a slag-forming agent.
- the conversion rate can exceed 99.9%. More than 91% of HBr will be converted to Br 2 in the post-combustion zone, forming a high-concentration Br 2 flue gas.
- the concentration of Br 2 in the flue gas is about 5 g / Nm 3 ). If physical methods are used to effectively separate Br 2 from the cooling flue gas, and in conjunction with the condensation process, the pollutant Br 2 can be turned into a product that can be directly used and effectively recovered.
- ultrafine fiber fillers are "soft" adsorbents. Compared with traditional "rigid” adsorbents (activated carbon, molecular sieves, etc.), when ultrafine fibers are used as adsorbents, their adsorption characteristics and transmission curves of the bed of the adsorption column are different.
- One of the objectives of the present invention is to avoid the shortcomings in the prior art and to provide a space that fully utilizes the capacity of the adsorbent, meets the need for efficient adsorption when the flue gas concentration varies greatly in actual production, simple system operation, and adsorption.
- Device for convenient regeneration of Br 2 in bromine-containing flue gas is to avoid the shortcomings in the prior art and to provide a space that fully utilizes the capacity of the adsorbent, meets the need for efficient adsorption when the flue gas concentration varies greatly in actual production, simple system operation, and adsorption.
- a device for recovering Br 2 in bromine-containing flue gas wherein: an adsorption system and a desorption system are provided, comprising an adsorption column, an acid gas removal device, a Br 2 condensation device, and a liquid bromine storage device; a shell of the adsorption column; A superfine fiber filler and a pressing device are arranged in the body, and the ultrafine fiber filler is filled in the casing; the pressing device includes a driving unit and a pressing plate, and the driving unit drives the pressing plate to compress or relax.
- the ultrafine fiber packing includes an adsorption column and an acid gas removal device connected in sequence through a pipeline, a flue gas outlet is connected to the front vent of the adsorption column, and an acid gas removal device is connected to the adsorption The rear vent of the column;
- the desorption system includes an adsorption column, a Br 2 condensing device, a liquid bromine storage device, and an acid gas removal device connected through a pipeline, and a clean gas outlet (of other processes) connected to the adsorption column after the vent, the condensed Br 2 front vent means connected to the adsorption column, said liquid bromine reservoir means and said acid gas removal unit;
- the conduit is provided with a plurality of cut Valve systems adsorption or desorption system.
- an induced draft fan is further provided.
- the induced draft fan is connected to an air outlet of the acid gas removal device; in the desorption system, the induced draft fan is desorbed from the acid gas. Remove the air outlet of the device.
- the acid gas removal device in the adsorption system and the desorption system may be the same device, and the induced draft fan in the adsorption system and the desorption system may be the same device.
- the number of the adsorption columns is two or more.
- the two or more adsorption columns are connected in series through a pipeline in sequence.
- the two or more adsorption columns pass through the pipeline.
- the circuits are connected in parallel.
- a bypass line and a valve are provided to communicate the rear vent port of the adsorption column and the front vent port of the adsorption column.
- the rear vent of each stage of the adsorption column may be connected to the front vent of the first stage of the adsorption column through a bypass pipe, or may be connected to the front of the stage of the adsorption column by a bypass pipe.
- the vents are connected, and a valve is set on the bypass line.
- the smoke exhausted from the vent in each stage of the multi-stage adsorption column can be partially returned for the secondary adsorption operation, so that the adsorption capacity of the adsorbent in each stage of the adsorption column can be fully utilized, and the adsorption operation can be adapted at the same time.
- Different concentrations of flue gas can be flexibly operated according to emission requirements.
- the adsorption column is composed of two or more adsorption columns connected in parallel through a pipeline.
- the rear vent hole of each stage adsorption column is also connected to the flue gas inlet of the adsorption column through a bypass line, or it can be passed through a bypass
- the communication pipeline is in communication with the front-stage ventilation port of the adsorption column of the stage, and a valve is arranged on the bypass pipeline.
- the adsorption system is provided with a bypass line and a valve that communicate with the rear vent of the adsorption column and the flue gas outlet.
- a bypass line By means of the bypass line, during the adsorption operation, part of the flue gas coming out of the adsorption column of a certain stage can be re-entered into the adsorption column of the stage together with part of the flue gas coming out of the adsorption column of the previous stage, or from an adsorption column of a certain stage.
- a part of the discharged flue gas can enter the first-stage adsorption column together with the bromine-containing flue gas from the previous process, so that when the adsorption column of the stage is penetrated, the average concentration of Br 2 in the flue gas entering the adsorption column is less used
- the bypass line is low, the remaining adsorption capacity of the adsorption column is continuously used.
- the adsorption concentration of the last-stage adsorption column is reduced, and the penetration time of the last-stage adsorption column is prolonged. Finally, the adsorption period of the adsorption column is extended.
- a smoke detection device is set at the rear vent of the third stage adsorption column.
- concentration of the flue gas discharged from the third stage adsorption column reaches a set value
- the flue gas is discharged from the rear vent of the third stage adsorption column and returns to the first stage.
- the front vent of the adsorption column so as to achieve the purpose of fully adsorbing Br 2 in the flue gas.
- the adsorption column is configured as an elongated adsorption column. Decreasing the cross-sectional area of the adsorption column increases the height, which is beneficial to increase the adsorption capacity.
- the design of the adsorption column should select a reasonable height / diameter ratio (h / D) to achieve the best adsorption effect.
- the determination of the total length (height) of the adsorption column is not based on the height of the mass transfer unit. It can be determined according to the preset average adsorption capacity of the unit adsorbent and the regeneration period.
- the flue gas passes through the ultra-fine fiber packing in the multi-stage series adsorption column in order. If the concentration of Br 2 in the flue gas meets the emission requirements, the flue gas is discharged after being processed by the acid gas removal device.
- the acid gas removing device has a built-in alkaline reagent (such as CaO) and a water-absorbing reagent (such as silica gel, CaCl 2, etc.) to remove traces of acid gas and moisture that may remain.
- the microfiber filler is configured as a microfiber fabric.
- the microfiber fabric is used as a filler, which can be chipped, granular, or agglomerated.
- the ultrafine fiber filler is one or two of polyester ultrafine fiber fabric, polyamide ultrafine fiber fabric, polystyrene ultrafine fiber, polyethylene ultrafine fiber, or polypropylene ultrafine fiber. More than that.
- the acid gas removing device is a corrosion-resistant dry medium filter
- the filtering medium is an alkaline substance
- the alkaline substance may be one of CaO, NaOH, and Na 2 CO 3 .
- the inner wall of the casing is covered with a corrosion-resistant material.
- a corrosion-resistant material such as plastic anticorrosive coating, Teflon, carbon fiber or copper oxide. If the flue gas to be processed contains more acidic or alkaline substances, the possible corrosion usually occurs on the inner wall of the adsorption column made of metal, reducing the life of the device. Setting the plastic anticorrosive layer helps to improve the safety and service life of the equipment.
- the driving unit is provided as an electromagnetic suction control device
- the electromagnetic suction control device includes an electromagnet and a spring
- the pressure plate is provided as a metal plate with good magnetic permeability
- the spring is respectively connected with the electromagnet and The metal plate connection, when the electromagnet is energized, attracts the metal plate to compress the spring to move.
- an electromagnetic suction control device when the adsorption operation is performed, the electromagnet is de-energized, and the spring naturally stretches and pushes the pressure plate to compact the ultra-fine fiber fabric.
- the electromagnet is energized, the pressure plate is attracted by the electromagnet, and the spring is compressed to stretch the ultra-fine fiber fabric.
- the use of electromagnetic suction control device also has the characteristics of small working volume, simple structure, safety and reliability, and its mechanical structure is not easy to be corroded by smoke.
- the main mechanism of adsorption of Br 2 in smoke by ultra-fine fiber fabrics includes capillary agglomeration, and the adsorbent itself has a "soft" texture, in the container of the adsorption device, with different applied pressures, its packing density is different. Different pore diameters, different specific surface area of the adsorbent, and different adsorption effects.
- the pressure of the ultrafine fiber filler is very large and the inner pore diameter is small, capillary condensation is liable to occur. Capillary coagulation changes the equilibrium adsorption capacity, adsorption rate, and desorption characteristics of the adsorbent. Therefore, a compaction device is provided.
- the adsorbent When the compaction device is released during desorption, the adsorbent is stretched, the inner hole of the adsorbent is enlarged, and the liquid generated by capillary condensation is quickly vaporized and released.
- the degree of compaction and relaxation of the fabric By adjusting the degree of compaction and relaxation of the fabric, the characteristics of the packing in the adsorption column can be flexibly adjusted during the adsorption and desorption operations.
- a central post is provided at one end of the pressure plate, and branches are provided in a circumferential direction of the central post.
- the center column is inserted into the microfiber filler.
- the branches on the center column drag part of the microfiber filler, thereby further relaxing / loosening the originally compacted microfiber filler, so that the microfiber filler stretches Fluffy, which is beneficial to speed up the desorption process.
- one end of the pressing plate is provided with a flexible connection, and there are a plurality of pressing pieces distributed in the ultrafine fiber filler, and the diameter of the pressing piece is smaller than the pressing plate.
- Each of the pressing pieces is connected to the pressing plates through a belt connection or a chain connection, and the ultrafine fiber filler is filled between the pressing pieces.
- the flexible connection between the pressing pieces is relaxed, which is beneficial to The fine fiber filler is compacted.
- the pressure plate When the pressure plate is moved in the direction of the loose superfine fiber filler, the pressure plate tightens the compression plates, and the belt connection or chain connection between each compression plate is tight, so that the ultrafine fiber filler in the adsorption column is evenly dispersed and relaxed, which is beneficial to acceleration Desorption process.
- the driving unit is configured as a linear cylinder driving device.
- a linear cylinder driving device can be used.
- the linear cylinder is fixed to one end of the adsorption column, and the piston rod of the linear cylinder drives the pressure plate to move.
- the driving unit is configured as a motor rack driving device.
- a motor is fixed to one end of the adsorption column, and a linear rack is driven to drive the pressing plate through a gear fixed on a rotating shaft of the motor.
- the use of a motor-driven pressure plate can more flexibly control the compaction degree of the ultrafine fiber filler and can be adjusted for different working conditions.
- the adsorption column shell is provided with a cooling device, and the cooling device is enabled when performing the adsorption operation, and the cooling method may be water cooling or air cooling.
- the adsorption column shell is provided with a heating device, and the heating device is enabled when performing the desorption operation.
- the Br 2 condensation device is an indirect heat exchange cooling device, and the cooling medium may be water, air, or an aqueous ammonia solution.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for recovering Br 2 in bromine-containing flue gas by avoiding the disadvantages in the prior art.
- the front ventilation port connected to the adsorption column is sent to the adsorption column, and is discharged from the rear ventilation port of the adsorption column after being adsorbed by the ultrafine fiber filler in the adsorption column to obtain Br 2 flue gas;
- the debrominated flue gas is discharged after being filtered by the acid gas removing device;
- the desorbed gas enters the Br 2 condensation device and is condensed to obtain liquid bromine and debrominated flue gas;
- the condensed liquid bromine enters the liquid bromine storage device, and the debrominated flue gas is filtered through the acid gas removal device, and then the flue gas is discharged.
- the second-stage adsorption column starts to penetrate, and a part of the smoke from the second-stage adsorption column may also directly enter the second-stage adsorption column through the bypass pipe through the front vent of the adsorption column Similarly, a part of the flue gas from an adsorption column of a certain stage can be directly re-entered the adsorption column of the stage for re-adsorption through a bypass line through the front vent of the adsorption column of the stage.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for recovering Br 2 in bromine-containing flue gas by avoiding the disadvantages in the prior art.
- the driving unit drives the pressure plate to compact the ultrafine fiber filler, and sends the bromine-containing flue gas to be recovered and processed from the flue gas outlet to the front vent of the first-stage adsorption column,
- the flue gas passes through the adsorption columns connected in series in sequence, and after being adsorbed by the ultrafine fiber filler in the adsorption column, it is discharged from the rear vent of the last stage adsorption column to obtain debrominated flue gas;
- the debrominated flue gas is discharged after being filtered by the acid gas removing device;
- the valve in the pipeline is switched and the desorption system is started.
- the driving unit drives the pressure plate to relax the ultra-fine fiber filler, and separates clean gas from the rear of the adsorption columns connected in parallel.
- the vent is sent to the adsorption column, and the clean gas passes through the ultra-fine fiber filler in the adsorption column, and the desorbed Br 2 is discharged from the front vent of the adsorption column to obtain a desorbed gas;
- the desorbed gas enters the Br 2 condensation device and is condensed to obtain liquid bromine and debrominated flue gas;
- the condensed liquid bromine enters the liquid bromine storage device, and the debrominated flue gas is filtered through the acid gas removal device, and then the flue gas is discharged.
- the rear vent of the adsorption column is provided with a flue gas detection device, and when the concentration of the flue gas discharged from the adsorption column reaches a set value, the rear vent of the adsorption column is discharged through a bypass pipe.
- the flue gas part returns to the front vent or flue gas outlet of the adsorption column.
- the ultrafine fiber filler is purged with a heated cleaning gas (pre-heated to about 80 ° C).
- the ultrafine fiber filler may be desorbed by using a vacuum.
- a bypass pipe in series with the adsorption column of the next stage is also provided with a bypass pipe and the adsorption column smoke of the stage.
- the gas inlet is connected to the gas inlet of the first-stage adsorption column, and a valve is arranged on the bypass pipe.
- the bypass line except for the adsorption column of the last stage, even after the adsorption column penetrates, the remaining adsorption capacity of these adsorption columns can still be used better, and the concentration of flue gas entering the adsorption stage of the last stage is reduced, so that the final The primary adsorption column is extended for a longer time. In the end, the entire adsorption cycle of the device was significantly extended.
- the flue gas is back mixed, so that the adsorption process can be adapted to the site conditions where the Br2 concentration in the flue gas may fluctuate in actual production.
- the tightness of the polyester ultrafine fiber packing in the last stage of the adsorption column is greater than the tightness of the polyester ultrafine fiber packing in the previous stages. Improve the adsorption efficiency of the last stage adsorption column and prolong the working time of the adsorption column.
- polyester microfiber filler as adsorbent, high adsorption efficiency for Br 2 in flue gas.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic process flow diagram of a method for recovering Br 2 in a bromine-containing flue gas according to the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an adsorption system composition and an adsorption operation process flow of a method for recovering Br 2 in a bromine-containing flue gas according to the present invention
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a desorption system composition and a desorption operation process flow in a device for recovering Br 2 in a bromine-containing flue gas according to the present invention
- FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an adsorption column of a device for recovering Br 2 in a bromine-containing flue gas according to the present invention
- FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional structure view taken along the line "A-A" in FIG. 4;
- FIG. 6 is a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of an apparatus for recovering Br 2 in a bromine-containing flue gas according to the present invention.
- FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 The schematic diagram of the composition of the adsorption system and the block diagram of the adsorption operation process flow are shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2.
- Figure 1 shows that there is only a single adsorption column in each stage, while Figure 2 shows that there are two parallel adsorption columns in each stage. It is not difficult to understand that each stage can have multiple adsorption columns connected in parallel, and the specific number of them is determined according to the actual volume and characteristics of the flue gas to be treated; the schematic diagram of the desorption system composition and the process flow diagram of the desorption operation are shown in Figure 3 (with each stage having 2 parallel adsorption columns as an example).
- the acid gas removal device, and the induced draft fan it also includes a Br 2 condensation device and a liquid bromine storage device.
- the adsorption system and the adsorption column, the acid gas removal device, and the induced draft fan in the desorption system are the same / set of equipment, but are connected through different pipeline systems, and the adsorption operation and desorption operation are switched by a valve.
- FIG. 1 is taken as an example.
- the Br 2 -containing flue gas that has been initially cooled and purified from the flue gas outlet enters successively the adsorption columns of various levels, and the Br 2 in the flue gas is trapped by the ultrafine fiber fabric packing in the adsorption column.
- the Br 2 -removed flue gas enters an acid gas removal device to remove traces of acid gas that may remain in the flue gas.
- the gas from the acid gas removal device is discharged through the induced draft fan. As the adsorption operation proceeds, the adsorption columns of each level will gradually penetrate.
- the adsorption column housing 11 of each adsorption column is provided with a polyester ultrafine fiber filler 14 and an electromagnetic suction control device 15 (see FIGS. 4 and 5).
- the electromagnetic suction control device 15 includes an electromagnet 16, a spring 17, and a pressure plate 18.
- the pressure plate 18 is a metal plate with good magnetic permeability.
- One end of the pressure plate 18 is provided with a center post 19, and the branch 20 is provided in the circumferential direction of the center post 19.
- the spring 17 is connected to the electromagnet 16 and the metal plate, respectively. When the electromagnet 16 is energized, the metal plate compression spring 17 moves.
- the electromagnet 16 When the suction operation is performed, the electromagnet 16 is de-energized or the supplied current is reduced, and the spring 17 is stretched naturally or moderately to push the pressing plate 18 to press the polyester microfiber fabric filler 14 tightly.
- the electromagnet 16 When performing the desorption operation, the electromagnet 16 is energized, the pressure plate 18 is attracted by the electromagnet 16, and the spring 17 is compressed to drive the branches 20 on the central column 19 to loosen the polyester microfiber fabric filler 14.
- the electromagnet 16 and the pressure plate 18 each have a channel through which gas passes.
- This embodiment is provided with a four-stage adsorption column (see FIG. 6, S on each pipe represents a valve, M represents a drive motor, and T represents a thermometer), including a first-stage adsorption column 100, a second-stage adsorption column 200, The three-stage adsorption column 300 and the fourth-stage adsorption column 400.
- the first adsorption air inlet 101 communicates with the flue gas outlet of the previous process through a pipeline, and the first adsorption air outlet 102 communicates with the second adsorption air inlet 201.
- each stage adsorption column 100, the second stage adsorption column 200, and the third stage adsorption column 300 exit the first adsorption air outlet 102 and the second adsorption air outlet.
- Each of 202 and the third adsorption air outlet 302 has its own bypass pipeline connected to the first adsorption air inlet 101, and each bypass pipeline is provided with a valve S, which is opened when necessary.
- the clean gas outlets of other processes communicate with the total desorption gas inlet 603 of the adsorption column through a pipeline, and the pipeline is provided with a valve S.
- the total desorption gas inlet 603 is connected to the first clean gas inlet 103 at the end of the adsorption column 100, the second adsorption column 200, the third adsorption column 300, and the fourth adsorption column 400 through different pipes connected in parallel.
- the second clean gas inlet 203, the third desorption air inlet 303, and the fourth clean gas inlet 403 communicate with each other.
- each adsorption column has a first desorption air outlet 104, a second desorption air outlet 204, a third desorption air outlet 304, and a fourth desorption air outlet 404, which are connected to the Br 2 condensation device air inlet 31 through a pipe.
- the air outlet 32 of the Br2 condensing device is in communication with the air inlet of the acid gas removal device 2 through a pipe.
- the liquid bromine outlet 33 of the Br 2 condensation device is connected to the liquid bromine storage device 4 through a pipe.
- the Br 2 condensation device is further provided with a cooling medium inlet 34 and a cooling medium outlet 35.
- the clean gas pipeline valve S is closed, and the desorption gas related pipeline valve S is closed.
- the electromagnetic suction control device 15 in each of the adsorption column 100, the second adsorption column 200, the third adsorption column 300, and the fourth adsorption column 400 is not energized, so the spring is in a naturally stretched state, pushing the compression plate to be compressed. Polyester microfiber fabric in adsorption column.
- the flue gas (concentration of about 1500 mg / Nm 3 ) cooled to room temperature and dust-removed passes through the previous stage of the flue gas outlet and passes through the first stage adsorption column 100, second stage adsorption column 200, and third stage adsorption column 300 in series. 4.
- the Br 2 in the flue gas is adsorbed by the polyester microfiber fabric in the adsorption column.
- the flue gas after Br 2 removal is discharged by the induced draft fan 5 through the acid gas removal device 2.
- the acid gas removal device has a built-in alkaline reagent (CaO) and a water-absorbing reagent (silica gel or CaCl 2 ).
- the flue gas at the flue gas outlet of the adsorption column is substantially free of Br 2 (sampling and analysis, the concentration of Br 2 in the flue gas is less than 2 mg / Nm 3 ).
- the Br 2 concentration in the flue gas at the exit of the adsorption column's flue gas increased significantly.
- the fourth stage adsorption column 400 of the last stage adsorption column can be considered. It is also penetrated, and the device system for recovering Br2 in the bromine-containing flue gas enters a desorption operation step.
- the valve S on the flue gas pipeline connecting the flue gas outlet of the previous process and the first-stage adsorption device 100 is closed, and the valve S on the pipe connected between the last-stage adsorption column and the acid gas removal device shut down.
- the electromagnetic suction control device 15 in each of the adsorption column 100, the second adsorption column 200, the third adsorption column 300, and the fourth adsorption column 400 is energized, and the polyester ultrafine fiber fabric filler 14 in the adsorption column is at Relaxed state.
- a small amount of clean air passes through the total desorption gas inlet 603, and is routed through different pipes to each of the first clean gas inlet 103, the second clean gas inlet 203, and the third clean gas.
- the port 303 and the fourth clean gas inlet 403 enter the adsorption column 100, the second adsorption column 200, the third adsorption column 300, and the fourth adsorption column 400 in the reverse direction to purge the polyester ultrafine fiber fabric filler.
- the desorption gas carrying Br2 is discharged from the first desorption outlet 104, the second desorption outlet 204, the third desorption outlet 304, and the fourth desorption outlet 404, and enters Br2 through the total desorption gas outlet 604 and the pipeline.
- Condensing device 3 In the Br2 condensing device 3, a high concentration of Br2 in the desorbed gas is condensed out to form liquid bromine, and finally flows into the liquid bromine storage device 4.
- the desorbed gas is discharged from the Br2 condensation device 3, enters the acid gas removal device 2, and is then discharged through the induced draft fan 5.
- the adsorption period is extended, and the Br2 adsorbed by the unit mass of the adsorbent can be more than 25% more than that without the flue gas return process.
- the adsorption column 1 includes a columnar casing 11 and a front vent port 12 and a rear vent port 13 at two ends of the separated casing 11.
- the casing 11 is provided with an ultrafine fiber filler 14 and a pressing device, and the ultrafine fiber filler 14
- the casing 11 is filled;
- the pressing device includes a driving unit and a pressing plate 18, and the driving unit drives the pressing plate 18 to press or relax the ultrafine fiber filler 14.
- front air vents 12 and the rear air vents 13 separated at the two ends of the housing 11 can be symmetrically distributed, and can also be adjusted according to actual conditions, such as being placed in the middle of the housing 11.
- the front vent port 12 and the rear vent port 13 may be provided in more than one, and a two-position three-way control valve may be provided in the front vent port 12 or the rear vent port 13 to switch the control of the incoming or outgoing gas.
- the front vent port 12 and the rear vent port 13 are provided as shown in FIG. 1.
- the microfiber filler 14 is provided as a microfiber fabric.
- the microfiber fabric is used as a filler, which can be chipped, granular, or agglomerated.
- a mixture of a fragmented polyester microfiber fabric and a polystyrene microfiber fabric is provided.
- the driving unit is provided as an electromagnetic suction control device 15, as shown in FIG. 1,
- the electromagnetic suction control device 15 includes an electromagnet 16 and a spring 17,
- the pressure plate 18 is provided as a metal plate with good magnetic permeability, and the spring 17 and the electromagnet 16 and The metal plate is connected, and when the electromagnet 16 is energized, the metal plate compression spring 17 is moved.
- An electromagnetic suction-controlled elastic pressing device is used. When the adsorption operation is performed, the electromagnet 16 is de-energized, and the spring 17 naturally stretches and pushes the pressing plate 18 to press the ultra-fine fiber fabric.
- the electromagnet 16 When performing the desorption operation, the electromagnet 16 is energized, the pressure plate 18 is attracted by the other pole of the electromagnet 16 and the spring 17 is compressed to stretch the ultra-fine fiber fabric.
- the use of the electromagnetic suction control device 15 also has the characteristics of small working volume, simple structure, safety and reliability, and its mechanical structure is not easy to be corroded by smoke.
- a center post 19 is provided at one end of the pressure plate 18, and branches 20 are provided in the circumferential direction of the center post 19, as shown in FIG. 2.
- the central column 19 is inserted into the ultrafine fiber filler 14.
- the branches 20 on the central column 19 drag part of the ultrafine fiber filler 14, thereby further loosening the originally compacted ultrafine fiber filler 14, so that The ultra-fine fiber filler 14 is stretched and fluffy, which is beneficial to accelerate the desorption process.
- the driving unit drives the pressure plate 18 to press tightly, and the flue gas to be recovered is connected from the flue gas outlet to the front vent 12 of the adsorption column 1 and after being adsorbed by the ultrafine fiber filler 14 of the adsorption column 1 Discharged from the rear vent 13 of the adsorption column 1;
- the driving unit drives the pressure plate 18 to relax the ultrafine fiber filler 14 to remove the clean gas from the rear vent 13 of the adsorption column 1 and desorbs the ultrafine fiber filler 14 from the adsorption column 1 from the adsorption column.
- the front vent 12 of 1 is discharged to get desorbed gas;
- the desorbed gas is condensed and recovered.
- This embodiment makes full use of the capillary condensation mechanism of ultrafine fiber fabrics in adsorption.
- the adsorbent itself is soft and compressible.
- the packing density can be changed in the adsorption device container according to the electromagnetic suction control device 15 and its adsorption
- the pore diameter and the specific surface area of the adsorbent change accordingly, thus bringing about different adsorption effects. Therefore, a compaction device is provided, and the compaction device is loosened during desorption, so that the adsorbent is stretched, the inner hole of the adsorbent is enlarged, and the liquid generated by capillary condensation is quickly vaporized and released.
- the external pressure and packing density of the ultra-fine fiber filler can be flexibly adjusted according to different use conditions. Adapt to actual adsorption and desorption conditions. It has the advantages of good adsorption effect and flexible operation.
- the flexible connection between the pressing sheets is loosened, which is beneficial to the The fine fiber filler is compacted.
- the pressure plate 18 When the pressure plate 18 is moved in the direction of loosening the ultrafine fiber filler, the pressure plate 18 tightens the pressure pieces, and the belt connection or chain connection between each pressure piece is tight, so that the ultrafine fiber filler in the adsorption column is evenly dispersed and relaxed. Helps speed up the desorption process.
- the driving unit is provided as a linear cylinder driving device.
- a linear cylinder driving device can be used.
- the linear cylinder is fixed to one end of the adsorption column, and the piston rod of the cylinder drives the pressure plate 18 to move.
- the ultrafine fiber filler used in this embodiment is a polyamide ultrafine fiber fabric.
- the main technical solution of this embodiment 4 is basically the same as that of embodiment 2.
- the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 2 is that the casing 11
- the inner wall is covered with a corrosion-resistant material with a plastic anticorrosive layer. More specifically, it may be provided as polytetrafluoroethylene, carbon fiber, or copper oxide. If the flue gas to be processed contains more acidic or alkaline substances, it may corrode the inner wall of the adsorption column which is usually set as a metal, and reduce the lifetime of the adsorption column. Therefore, the provision of a plastic anticorrosive layer helps to improve the safety and service life of the equipment.
- the ultrafine fiber filler is a mixed filler of a polystyrene ultrafine fiber fabric, a polyethylene ultrafine fiber, and a polypropylene ultrafine fiber fabric.
- the adsorption column is configured as an elongated adsorption column with a height / diameter ratio of 6-20.
- the height / diameter ratio of the adsorption column in this embodiment is 10. Decreasing the cross-sectional area of the adsorption column increases the height, which is beneficial to increase the adsorption capacity.
- the design of the adsorption column should select a reasonable height / diameter ratio (h / D) to achieve the best adsorption effect.
- the driving unit is configured as a motor rack driving device.
- the motor is fixed to one end of the adsorption column, and the linear plate is driven to move the pressure plate 18 through the gear fixed on the motor shaft.
- the motor-driven pressure plate 18 can more flexibly control the compaction degree of the ultrafine fiber filler, and can be adjusted for different working conditions.
- a method for recovering Br 2 in a bromine-containing flue gas according to the present invention is basically the same as that of embodiment 2.
- the features not explained in this embodiment 5 are explained in the second embodiment. , Will not repeat them here.
- the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 2 is that in step a, the rear vent 13 of the adsorption column is connected with an acid gas removal device 2 through a pipeline, and the flue gas is discharged after filtering; the acid gas removal device 2 Built-in alkaline reagents (such as CaO) and water-absorbing reagents (such as silica gel, CaCl2, etc.) to remove traces of acid gases and moisture that may remain.
- a vacuum method is used to desorb the ultrafine fiber filler.
- FIGS. 1 to 6 One embodiment of a method for recovering Br 2 in a bromine-containing flue gas according to the present invention is shown in FIGS. 1 to 6.
- the main technical solution of this embodiment 6 is basically the same as that of embodiment 5.
- this embodiment 6 The features that are not explained are explained in Embodiment 5, and will not be repeated here.
- the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 5 is that this embodiment is provided with a four-stage adsorption column (FIG. 6), including a first-stage adsorption column 100, a second-stage adsorption column 200, a third-stage adsorption column 300, and a fourth-stage adsorption column.
- the adsorption column 400 has a fourth adsorption inlet 401, a fourth adsorption outlet 402, a fourth clean gas inlet 403, and a fourth desorption outlet 404 in the fourth-stage adsorption column 400;
- the third adsorption air outlet 302 of the third-stage adsorption column 300 is provided with a flue gas detection device.
- concentration of the flue gas discharged from the third-stage adsorption column 300 reaches a set value
- the flue gas discharged from the three adsorption air outlets 302 returns to the first adsorption air inlet 101 of the first-stage adsorption column 100.
- the bromine-containing high-temperature flue gas from the high-temperature combustion chamber and the second-combustion chamber is cooled to room temperature and dust-removed, and then sequentially passes through a multistage serial first stage adsorption column 100, a second stage adsorption column 200, and a third stage.
- Adsorption column 300 The concentration of Br 2 in the flue gas is very high (5000mg / Nm 3 ).
- the flue gas flow passing through the adsorption column is adjusted so that the air velocity of the empty tower is lower than that of the space time when the flue gas concentration is low. Br 2 in the flue gas is adsorbed by the ultrafine fiber fabric in the adsorption column.
- the bed of the three-stage adsorption column was penetrated faster (the outlet flue gas concentration exceeded 20 mg / Nm 3 ) although the air velocity of the empty tower was low.
- the smoke concentration at the outlet of the third adsorption gas outlet 302 of the third-stage adsorption column 300 increases little, and may even be relatively lower than that before returning part of the smoke.
- the flue gas from the third-stage adsorption column 300 enters the fourth-stage adsorption column 400, and after further adsorption, the outlet flue gas concentration meets the emission requirements.
- the purified gas that meets the discharge requirements is then discharged by the induced draft fan 5 through the acid gas removal device 2.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (10)
- 一种回收含溴烟气中Br 2的装置,其特征在于:设置有吸附系统和解吸系统,包括有吸附柱、酸性气体脱除装置、Br 2冷凝装置和液溴贮存装置;所述吸附柱的壳体内设置有超细纤维填料和压紧装置,所述超细纤维填料填充于所述壳体内;所述压紧装置包括有驱动单元和压板,所述驱动单元驱动所述压板压紧或者松驰所述超细纤维填料;所述吸附系统包括有依次通过管路连接的吸附柱和酸性气体脱除装置,烟气出口连接所述吸附柱的前通气口,酸性气体脱除装置连接所述吸附柱的后通气口;所述解吸系统包括有通过管路连接的吸附柱、Br 2冷凝装置、液溴贮存装置和酸性气体脱除装置,清洁气体出口连接所述吸附柱的后通气口,所述Br 2冷凝装置分别连接所述吸附柱的前通气口、所述液溴贮存装置和所述酸性气体脱除装置;所述管路设置有多个切换吸附系统或解吸系统的阀门。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种回收含溴烟气中Br 2的装置,其特征在于:所述吸附柱设置为二个以上,在所述吸附系统中,二个以上所述吸附柱依次通过管路串联连接;在所述解吸系统中,二个以上所述吸附柱通过管路并联连接。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种回收含溴烟气中Br 2的装置,其特征在于:所述吸附柱由两个以上的吸附柱通过管路并联组成。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种回收含溴烟气中Br 2的装置,其特征在于:在所述吸附系统中,设置有连通所述吸附柱的后通气口和所述吸附柱的前通气口的旁通管路和阀门。
- 根据权利要求2所述的一种回收含溴烟气中Br 2的装置,其特征在于:在所述吸附系统中,设置有连通所述吸附柱的后通气口和所述烟气出口的旁通管路和阀门。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种回收含溴烟气中Br 2的装置,其特征在于:所述吸附柱外壳设置有加热装置。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种回收含溴烟气中Br 2的装置,其特征在于:所述驱动单元设置为电磁吸控装置,所述电磁吸控装置包括有电磁铁和弹簧,所述压板设置为导磁良好的金属板,所述弹簧分别与所述电磁铁和所述金属板连接,所述电磁铁通电时吸引所述金属板压缩所述弹簧移动。
- 一种根据权利要求1~7任一项所述的回收含溴烟气中Br 2的方法,包括有下列步骤:a.启动吸附系统时,所述驱动单元驱动所述压板压紧超细纤维填料,将待回收处理的含溴烟气从与烟气出口相连接的吸附柱前通气口送入所述吸附柱,经过吸附柱内的超细纤维填料吸附后从吸附柱的后通气口排出,得脱Br 2烟气;b.脱Br 2烟气经过酸性气体脱除装置过滤处理后,将烟气排放;c.当吸附趋于饱和时,切换管路中的阀门,启动解吸系统,所述驱动单元驱动所述压板松驰所述超细纤维填料,将清洁气体从所述吸附柱的后通气口送入吸附柱,所述清洁气体穿过所述吸附柱内的超细纤维填料、携带解吸下来的Br 2从所述吸附柱的前通气口排出,得解吸气体;d.所述解吸气体进入所述Br 2冷凝装置后进行冷凝,得液溴和脱溴烟气;e.冷凝析出的液溴进入所述液溴贮存装置,脱溴烟气经过所述酸性气体脱除装置过滤处理后,将烟气排放。
- 一种根据权利要求2所述的回收含溴烟气中Br 2的方法,包括有下列步骤:a.启动吸附系统时,所述驱动单元驱动所述压板压紧超细纤维填料,将待回收处理的含溴烟气从与烟气出口相连接的吸附柱前通气口送入所述吸附柱,经过串联的吸附柱内的超细纤维填料吸附后从吸附柱的后通气口排出,得脱Br 2烟气;b.脱Br 2烟气经过酸性气体脱除装置过滤处理后,将烟气排放;c.当吸附趋于饱和时,切换管路中的阀门,启动解吸系统,所述驱动单元驱动所述压板松驰所述超细纤维填料,将清洁气体分别从并联连接的所述吸附柱的后通气口送入吸附柱,所述清洁气体分别穿过所述吸附柱内的超细纤维填料,携带解吸下来的Br 2从所述吸附柱的前通气口排出,得解吸气体;d.所述解吸气体进入所述Br 2冷凝装置后进行冷凝,得液溴和脱溴烟气;e.冷凝析出的液溴进入所述液溴贮存装置,脱溴烟气经过所述酸性气体脱除装置过滤处理后排放。
- 一种根据权利要求9所述的含溴烟气回收的方法,其特征在于:所述步骤a中,吸附柱的后通气口设置有烟气检测装置,当吸附柱排出的烟气浓度达到设定值时,通过旁通管路将吸附柱的后通气口排出的烟气返回吸附柱的前通气口或烟气出口。
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JP7162935B2 (ja) | 2022-10-31 |
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