Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
  • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
  • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
  • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
  • E04B1/86—Sound-absorbing elements slab-shaped
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
  • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
  • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
  • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
  • E04B1/8409—Sound-absorbing elements sheet-shaped
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B9/00—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation
  • E04B9/001—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation characterised by provisions for heat or sound insulation
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B9/00—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation
  • E04B9/04—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation comprising slabs, panels, sheets or the like
  • E04B9/045—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation comprising slabs, panels, sheets or the like being laminated
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
  • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
  • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
  • E04C2/04—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
  • E04C2/043—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres of plaster
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
  • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
  • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
  • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
  • E04F13/0801—Separate fastening elements
  • E04F13/0803—Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
  • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
  • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
  • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
  • E04F13/0801—Separate fastening elements
  • E04F13/0803—Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements
  • E04F13/081—Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements with additional fastening elements between furring elements and covering elements
  • E04F13/0816—Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements with additional fastening elements between furring elements and covering elements the additional fastening elements extending into the back side of the covering elements
  • E04F13/0817—Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements with additional fastening elements between furring elements and covering elements the additional fastening elements extending into the back side of the covering elements extending completely through the covering elements
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
  • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
  • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
  • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
  • E04F13/0867—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements having acoustic absorption means on the visible surface
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
  • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
  • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
  • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
  • E04F13/14—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
  • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
  • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
  • G10K11/162—Selection of materials
  • G10K11/168—Plural layers of different materials, e.g. sandwiches
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
  • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
  • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
  • E04B1/7675—Insulating linings for the interior face of exterior walls
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
  • E04B2/74—Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge
  • E04B2/7407—Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge assembled using frames with infill panels or coverings only; made-up of panels and a support structure incorporating posts
  • E04B2/7409—Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge assembled using frames with infill panels or coverings only; made-up of panels and a support structure incorporating posts special measures for sound or thermal insulation, including fire protection
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
  • E04B2/74—Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge
  • E04B2/7407—Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge assembled using frames with infill panels or coverings only; made-up of panels and a support structure incorporating posts
  • E04B2/7453—Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge assembled using frames with infill panels or coverings only; made-up of panels and a support structure incorporating posts with panels and support posts, extending from floor to ceiling
  • E04B2/7457—Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge assembled using frames with infill panels or coverings only; made-up of panels and a support structure incorporating posts with panels and support posts, extending from floor to ceiling with wallboards attached to the outer faces of the posts, parallel to the partition
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
  • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
  • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
  • E04B2001/8263—Mounting of acoustical elements on supporting structure, e.g. framework or wall surface
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
  • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
  • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
  • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
  • E04B2001/8457—Solid slabs or blocks
  • E04B2001/8461—Solid slabs or blocks layered
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
  • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
  • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
  • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
  • E04B2001/8457—Solid slabs or blocks
  • E04B2001/8476—Solid slabs or blocks with acoustical cavities, with or without acoustical filling
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
  • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
  • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
  • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
  • E04B2001/8457—Solid slabs or blocks
  • E04B2001/8476—Solid slabs or blocks with acoustical cavities, with or without acoustical filling
  • E04B2001/848—Solid slabs or blocks with acoustical cavities, with or without acoustical filling the cavities opening onto the face of the element
  • E04B2001/8495—Solid slabs or blocks with acoustical cavities, with or without acoustical filling the cavities opening onto the face of the element the openings going through from one face to the other face of the element
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B9/00—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation
  • E04B9/04—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation comprising slabs, panels, sheets or the like
  • E04B9/0457—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation comprising slabs, panels, sheets or the like having closed internal cavities
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B9/00—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation
  • E04B9/22—Connection of slabs, panels, sheets or the like to the supporting construction
  • E04B9/24—Connection of slabs, panels, sheets or the like to the supporting construction with the slabs, panels, sheets or the like positioned on the upperside of, or held against the underside of the horizontal flanges of the supporting construction or accessory means connected thereto
  • E04B9/245—Connection of slabs, panels, sheets or the like to the supporting construction with the slabs, panels, sheets or the like positioned on the upperside of, or held against the underside of the horizontal flanges of the supporting construction or accessory means connected thereto by means of screws, bolts or clamping strips held against the underside of the supporting construction
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
  • E04F2290/00—Specially adapted covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for
  • E04F2290/04—Specially adapted covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for for insulation or surface protection, e.g. against noise, impact or fire
  • E04F2290/041—Specially adapted covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for for insulation or surface protection, e.g. against noise, impact or fire against noise
  • E04F2290/042—Specially adapted covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for for insulation or surface protection, e.g. against noise, impact or fire against noise with a facing or top layer for sound insulation

Definitions

• the invention is directed to a sound absorbing or
• acoustical composite structure that can be used for ceilings, including sloped ceilings, and walls in the interior of occupied buildings.
• U.S. Patents 8,684,134, 8,770,345 and 8,925,677 disclose systems for constructing an acoustical membrane, typically a suspended ceiling, that appears monolithic, relatively smooth, and imperforate. It is known to provide sound absorbing panels, typically porous low density mineral fiber panels on the upper side of these constructions to improve their sound absorption properties.
• the inventive composite structure comprises outward perforated drywall panels attached to or fixed to inward sound insulation layers or sound absorbing boards.
• the perforated drywall panels and the rigid sound absorbing panels can be attached together and to an acoustical hard faced substrate such as a drywall ceiling or wall by parallel spaced Z-shaped furring strips.
• the perforated drywall panels after installation are taped at their edge joints and then painted with a continuous acoustically transparent coating to conceal the perforations and joints and thereby obtain the look of a relatively smooth monolithic ceiling or wall, but with high acoustical properties. It has been discovered that the disclosed composite structure when abutting or in close adjacency to an
• NRC Noise Reduction Coefficient
• the composite structure has the surprising nature that it achieves NRC values that are relatively high and that are not significantly affected by the presence or absence of an open space or plenum behind the composite structure.
• inventive features are relatively high and that are not significantly affected by the presence or absence of an open space or plenum behind the composite structure.
• composite structure can exhibit higher NRC performance where no plenum space exists as compared to performance with a plenum.
• one version of the composite structure of the invention makes the structure especially useful in original and retrofit ceiling applications where no or limited plenum space is available. Since the inventive composite structure can be used directly against an existing acoustically hard surface, the composite structure can be used in retrofit applications where a drywall or like surface is covered to obtain desired acoustical performance. In the latter case, the retrofitted space is not unduly reduced in size nor are pre-existing walls greatly thickened.
• the composite structure can be used in original construction directly on studs or joists, for example.
• FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic cross-sectional view of a composite structure of the invention attached to a drywall and stud wall;
• FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic cross-sectional view of the composite structure of the invention attached to a masonry wall .
• the composite structure 10 of the invention is comprised of perforated drywall sheets 11 and sound absorbing or sound insulation media, preferably in the form of rigid panels 12.
• the perforated drywall sheets 11 and sound absorbing panels or sheets 12 are mechanically secured together and to an acoustical hard surface in the form of a drywall wall 13, for example, with conventional sheet metal Z-shaped furring strips or channels 14 and mechanical fasteners in the form of self-drilling screws 15.
• the panels or sheets 11, 12 can be adhesively secured together and to the wall or other substrate.
• secured is used in the same sense as "fixed” and is to be distinguished, for example, from simple contact developed by loose confinement.
• the drywall wall 13 comprises conventional or traditional gypsum-based drywall sheets 16 fixed to vertical studs 17, shown schematically, and which can be, for example, roll formed sheet metal or wood.
• Suitable perforated drywall sheets 11 of the composite structure 10 are disclosed in U.S. Patents 8,684,134,
• a suitable perforated drywall sheet 11 is nominally 5/8 inch thick and nominally 4 foot by 8 foot in planar dimension or an industry metric equivalent of these dimensions.
• the perforated drywall sheets 11 have a gypsum core faced with paper on both sides like conventional drywall and are through-perforated, for example, with 3/8 inch holes representing from 13.2% to 28.4% and preferably about 17.2% or about 1/6 of the sheet surface area, for example.
• the front or outer side of the perforated drywall panel or sheet has an adhesive attached ceiling panel acoustical facing scrim or veil 20 such as the product
• the back of the panel or sheet 11 can be covered with an adhesively attached acoustical scrim or veil layer 21 such as the product named VL P88-KP01 marketed by Owens Corning. Both of the scrims are non-perforated and non-woven glass fiber- based layers that are acoustically transparent being
• the sound absorbing panels 12 can be a wet felted or wet laid porous product of primarily mineral fiber and a suitable binder such as starch and/or latex as is known in the art.
• a suitable density for the panels 12 ranges between about 3.5 lbs/ft 3 to about 14 lbs/ft 3 and preferably is about 12.5 lbs. per cubic foot.
• the panels 12 can be nominally 1 inch or 2 inch thick and 15.5 x 48 inches in planar dimensions.
• the panels 12 are preferably rigid such that they do not
• a typical panel 12 of 1 inch thickness (14 lb/ft 3 ) alone will exhibit an NRC of about .90 and of 2 inch thickness, (3.5 lb/ft 3 ) alone will exhibit an NRC of about 1.05.
• the composite structure 10 formed by the sound absorbing panels 12 and perforated drywall sheets 11 can be mounted directly, i.e. without an appreciable space, to an
• the furring strips 14 should have relatively narrow faces to minimize obstruction of the face area of the panels 11, 12.
• the furring strips 14 are mechanically fixed to the wall 13 with self-drilling screw fasteners 15, preferably being set into the horizontally spaced studs 17, and serving to fix the sound absorbing panels 12 in place on the acoustically hard surface substrate or wall 13.
• the furring strips 14 typically are parallel on 16 inch centers and perpendicular to the studs 17, for example.
• Impaling clips 18 having a rectangular U- shaped cross-section with opposed legs forming teeth or barbs, can be fixed to the wall 13 before placement of the sound absorbing panels 12 to initially hold the panels in place.
• the perforated drywall panels or sheets 11 are mechanically fixed to the furring strips 14 with self-drilling screws 15 spaced along the width (or length) of the sheets 11 so that these panels are fixed relative to the sound absorbing panels 12 and to the wall 13.
• the somewhat compressible nature of the sound absorbing panel 12 allows the panel to fully contact or nearly fully contact the adjacent sheets 11, 16. Any gaps between the sound absorbing panels and drywall 16 and between the sound absorbing panel and perforated drywall 11 can be negligible, i.e. less than 25% of the thickness of the
• the perforated drywall panels 11 are set in place, with their edges preferably abutting in a manner essentially the same as plain or conventional drywall is hung. Joints at the abutting or closely adjoining edges of the perforated drywall panels 11 are covered with joint compound and, typically, paper joint tape.
• the top coat of joint compound can be specially formulated for a desired final color match with the outer scrim covered face of the perforated drywall sheet 11.
• the taped perforated drywall panels or sheets 11 are coated with a non-blocking acoustically transparent paint 19 such as disclosed in U.S. Patent 9,738,796, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. This coating or finish 19 can be applied in several cross-direction passes to assure a uniform appearance.
• the coating When the coating is dry it conceals any residual image of the perforations in the sheets 11 that showed through the outer typically translucent non- woven scrim 20 on the outer face of the sheets 11, the taped joint areas as well as joint compound covering screw fasteners 15 securing the sheets to the furring strips 14 or other structure.
• the result is a monolithic appearing or seamless wall or ceiling with superior acoustics, particularly suited for "high-end" spaces especially those requiring a large total of hard surface areas.
• FIG. 2 illustrates another application of the composite structure 10 in this case on a masonry wall 31.
• Elements in the structure or function that are the same or essentially the same as in FIG. 1 are designated with the same numerals.
• Furring Z strips 14 are fixed to the wall 31 with concrete nails or other fasteners 32. A butt joint between the
• perforated drywall panels 11 is illustrated at 33.
• Ordinary drywall is tapered on its long edges to more readily conceal tape along these edges.
• the short edges of conventional drywall (and the panels 11) are typically not tapered, ordinarily making joint tape concealment difficult.
• the outer faces of the panels 11 adjacent the butt joint 33 are tapered inwardly by drawing the associated panel ends inwardly against a board 34 which is preferably somewhat stiffer than the panels 11.
• An outward face 36 of the board 34 is recessed inwardly for instance about 1/8 inch from the plane of the outer faces of the sound absorbing panels or backers 12 by virtue of the combined thickness of the board 34 and a spacer panel 37. Both the spacer panel 37 and the board 34 are fixed on the wall by respective screws.
• the joint 33 is concealed by joint tape 38 and joint compound 39 applied across the recessed face portions of the panels 11 in a known manner.
• the composite structure 10 of the acoustical coated, scrim clad, perforated drywall 11 and sound absorbing media or "backer" 12 has unique acoustical properties.
• the composite structure 10 produces the same and sometimes better acoustical performance measured NRC, when it is mounted directly on an acoustically hard substrate.
• the table below refers to the sound absorbing panel or layer 12 as the "backer” and the coated, scrim clad, perforated drywall panel 11 as the "perf panel”.
• the 1 inch mineral fiber based backer has a density of 14 lb/ft 3 and the 2 inch mineral fiber based backer has a density of 3.5 lb/ft 3 .
• the table column with the term "E-400” refers to an industry accepted test where a plenum height of 400 mm is simulated.
• the table column with the term “Direct Mount” refers to a test where the composite structure 1 0 is mounted directly on a hard surface.
• the composite structure 10 can afford high NRC values of at least about 0.75 and preferably at least 0.80 with a nominal thickness of 1-5/8 inch thickness.
• the composite structure 10 of the perforated drywall sheets 11 and sound absorbing panel or backer 12 can be installed on a membrane or substrate comprising any one of a variety of known ceiling or wall constructions, especially one with poor noise reduction properties.
• ceiling constructions can include drywall covered wood or metal joists, including, for example, engineered wood joists or trusses and metal bar joists, precast or cast in place concrete covered with drywall or plaster or uncovered.
• Wall membranes or substrates can include, for example, wood or metal studs covered with drywall, plaster or paneling.
• Other wall constructions can include masonry, precast, and poured in place concrete membranes.
• Acoustically hard wall or ceiling surfaces such as provided by plain or conventionally painted drywall, concrete, masonry or plaster will typically exhibit an NRC of 0.10 or less and can all be benefited acoustically by being directly covered by the composite structure 10.
• the acoustical composite structure 10 of the perforated drywall sheets 11 and sound absorbing panels 12 can be
• the furring strips 14 may be omitted where the sound absorbing panels 12 are mechanically or adhesively fixed to an existing wall or ceiling or like substrate and the perforated drywall sheets 11 are thereafter fixed to the wall or ceiling with mechanical fasteners such as screws driven through the perforated drywall sheets and the sound absorbing panels.
• the sound absorbing panels may first be attached to the perforated drywall sheets and thereafter the perforated drywall sheets can be
• the perforated drywall sheet and the sound absorbing or insulating panel are fixed together at least when the perforated drywall sheet is mounted on an underlying carrier formed by a pre-existing wall or ceiling, or the like.
• the installation of the composite structure 10 is
• the sound absorbing layer 12 can be non-rigid and in the form of a batt, for example .
• the composite structure When installed directly on an acoustical hard surface, in some instances, the composite structure can achieve better acoustical absorption than when a plenum or open space exists directly behind the composite structure, a phenomena not ordinarily experienced but which confirms the inherent ability of the disclosed composite structure to reliably obtain desirably high sound absorption even when directly backed-up with an acoustically hard surface, i.e. one that, alone, exhibits an NRC of less than 0.10.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
• Electromagnetism (AREA)
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• 2019
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