US1928650A - Method of installing sound absorbing material - Google Patents

Method of installing sound absorbing material Download PDF

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US1928650A
US1928650A US411226A US41122629A US1928650A US 1928650 A US1928650 A US 1928650A US 411226 A US411226 A US 411226A US 41122629 A US41122629 A US 41122629A US 1928650 A US1928650 A US 1928650A
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sound absorbing
screen
absorbing material
wall
core
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US411226A
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Foley Arthur Lee
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Wood Conversion Co
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Wood Conversion Co
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B2001/8263—Mounting of acoustical elements on supporting structure, e.g. framework or wall surface
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B2001/8457—Solid slabs or blocks
    • E04B2001/8461—Solid slabs or blocks layered

Definitions

  • This invention relates to sound absorbing wall constructions and more particularly to a .wall for theatres, public halls, auditoriums and the like.
  • a great deal of attention has been paid to acoustics in various buildings used for public addresses, school buildings, churches, presentations of theatricals, symphony concerts and other performances in which 'the transmission of sound is an important factor.
  • the acoustics of such halls or rooms have been corrected. by conducting suitable tests and then applying sound absorbing material to the surfaces of the walls or ceilings where necessary.
  • Such sound absorbing material is usually in the lform of mats or pads which are secured to the surface and painted or otherwise decorated to carry out the ornamental design of the room.
  • the acoustical eiect produced by the application of sound absorbing material to the wall surfaces in this manner has been fairly satisfactory, but the expense and dimculties encountered in the application of such material have greatly restricted its use.
  • One form of sound absorbing material ⁇ that has been used for acoustical correction comprises a mat or core of nbrous material having a facing of kraft paper on one side and a facing of open mesh cloth on the opposite side.
  • the paper facing is placed against the plastered wall or ceiling with the cloth facing on the outside to permit the free passage of sound waves into the nbrous material.
  • the cloth facing is generally covered by an open mesh membrane which 'must be stretched and often requires the services of skilled mechanics to apply it to the surface.
  • the membrane may then be painted or otherwise decorated but it has a tendency to stretch and sag and may rot or decompose in course of time.
  • the present invention relates to the method of securing such screen faced sound absorbing material to the surfaces of the walls of the hall or room..
  • I secure furring strips to the wall at intervals equal to the Width of the pad of material and of such thicmiess that the outer surface of the furring strip will be flush with the outer surface of the pad.
  • the wire screen projects beyond the edge of the pad and there-'- 1929.
  • the pad of sound absorbing material may, therefore, be secured in place by merely nailing the wire screen facing to the furring strip. Suitable panelstrlps may then be secured over the edges of the screen and fastened to the furring strips.
  • the nailing of the screen to the furring strip and the application of the panel strips may be accomplished by an ordinary workman, thus eleminating the services of skilled mechanics necessary in' applying the cloth faced sound absorbing material and greatly reducing the expense of application.
  • the iinished wall structure is a material advance over the constructions heretofore employed as the desired design may be placed on the metal surface and a more permanent product is produced.
  • the wire has less tendency to stretch and sag than the cloth, may be more readily cleaned as by ordinary scrubbing, and makes the surface much more fire resistant.
  • Fig. 1 is a transverse section of a wall showing the sound absorbing material applied
  • Fig. 2 is a plan view of a portion of a unit of the sound absorbing material showing the screen facing partly removed;
  • Fig. 3 is an end elevation thereof.
  • the unit consists preferably of a core 1 having a facing 2 of Wire 'screen on one surface thereof and having the opposite surface bare or faced with some material, such as kraft paper, preferably creped, as indicated at 3.
  • the core may be lformed of any highly porous material but I preferably employ a mat of shredded Wood :fibres disposed in heterogeneous arrangement and connected to each other at their points of intersection by means of an adhesive which is sprayed on to the bers While the fibers are being deposited on a suitable support. The method of making such material is described and claimed in the patent to Howard F. Weiss, No. 1,336,403 granted April 6, 1920.
  • This heterogeneous arrangement of the bers gives extreme porosity, producing a large number of air spaces in the mass and thus making it particularly suitable for use as a sound absorb- ⁇ ing material in the acoustical correctionf of theatres, auditoriums, public halls and thelike.
  • the fibers may be secured to each ⁇ other by any suitable adhesive. Solutions of casein and lime or sodium silicate may be used.
  • the facings 2 and 3 are secured to the core in any suitable manner, preferably by an adhesive.
  • the inner surfaces of these facings may be coated with an adhesive in any suitable manner and then applied to the surface of the core.
  • the adhesive is permitted to dry, thus securing the facings in position.
  • 'I'he adhesive employed for this purpose may be the same as the adhesive employed for cementing the fibers of the mat to each other, or a different adhesive may be selected for this purpose.
  • 'Ihe fibers may be deposited, during manufacture of the core, directly on the facings 2 or 3, and secured thereto by the adhesive used in cementing the fibers to each other.
  • wire screen facing to the mat or core I preferably employ a screen of a little greater length and width than the length and width of the core so that the screen will project beyond the edges as indicated at 4.
  • These materials come in predetermined -lengths and widths for application to buildings and by employing a screen of greater width than the width of the core, the application of a sound absorbing material to the walls or ceiling of-a room is made more simple.
  • the units or rolls of the sound absorbing material are preferably of widths equal to the distances between the joists or studding in a building construction.
  • the joists or studding are indicated by the reference numeral 5 and the usual lath 6 is fastened thereto in any suitable manner.
  • a layer of plaster 7 is secured to the laths in the usual manner.
  • the wall to which the sound absorbing material is to be applied is thus of conventional construction. However, the material may be applied to any wall to which furring strips may rst be attached.
  • a furring strip 8 which is of substantially the same thickness as the thickness of the unit of sound absorbing material.
  • the units of sound absorbing material are then arranged between the two furring strips as shown and the .projecting ends 4 of the screen facing extends over the outer surfaces of these furring strips.
  • the sound absorbing material may thus be secured in place by nails 9 or other suitable fastening elements which pass into the furring strips and perhaps into the laths 6 or the joists 5.
  • the edges of the wire screen may be covered by panel strips or molding 10 which may be secured in position by any suitable fastening elements such as nails 11.
  • This molding may be of practically the same width as the furring strip or preferably somewhat wider to cover the r'aw'edges of the core below the screen wire.
  • the spaced stubs, furring or other means have edges or faces which define the location cf the wall, and they also provide a recessed space for location of the sound absorbing material.
  • the sound absorbing unit is preferably made to fit neatly and snugly into the recess with the projecting edges of the carrier facing of the unit secured to the supports, preferably lying against the faces of the supports and attached thereto.
  • the nished wall thus produced may -be painted or dzorated in any suitable manner with the paint or other decoration applied directly to the surface of the screen and it may be scrubbed or cleaned with the usual cleaning substances employed on ordinary plastered orI painted walls.
  • walls is used in a generic sense and includes ceilings as well as vertical walls and walls at an angle other than horizontal or vertical.
  • screen as used in this specification, is intended to cover all sorts of wire or perforated facing, whether the wire be woven, plaited or electrically welded together, and to include perforated metal, metal woven in strips to provide openings, and the like.
  • a sound absorbing wall construction comprising a wall, furring strips secured thereto at suitable intervals, mats of sound absorbing material having a facing of wire screen arranged between said furring strips, said screen being secured to said furring strips to retain said mats in position, and panel strips arranged over said screen and said furring strips.
  • a sound absorbing wall construction comprising a wall, furring strips arranged at suitable intervals on said wall, and mats of sound absorbing material having a facing of wire screen arranged between said furring strips, said furring strips and said mats being of substantially the same thickness whereby their outer surfaces are substantially flush, the wire screen being of greater width than the mat and extending over the outer surface of the furring strips, said screen being secured to said furring strip to retain the mat in position.
  • a sound absorbing wall construction comprising a wall, furring strips arranged at suitable intervals on said wall, mats of sound absorbing material having a facing of wire screen arranged between said furring strips, said furring strips and said mats being of substantially the same thickness whereby their outer surfaces are substantially flush, the wire screen being of greater width than the mat and extending over the outer surface of the furring strips, said screen being secured to said furring strips to retain said mats in position and panel strips arranged over said screen and said furring strips.
  • a sound absorbing wall construction comprising in combination a series of spaced supports having faces disposed to define the location of a wall surface and having a recessed space between adjacent supports rearwardly of' said wall surface, a sound absorbing unit having a screen facing carrying a core of sound absorbent material attached thereto Within the edges of the facing, said core fitting into said recess, and said facing being secured at the projecting edges to the faces of the supports.
  • a sound absorbing wall construction comprising in combination a series of spaced supports having faces disposed to define the location of a wall surface and having a recessed space between adjacent supports rearwardly of said wall surface, a sound absorbing unit having a screen facing carrying a core of sound absorbing material attached thereto, said core in turn carrying a backing sheet capable of sealing off the porosity of said core, said core being of a size to t snugly into said recess perimetrically, and said facing having edges projecting beyond said core and attached to the faces of said supports.
  • a sound absorbing wall construction comprising in combination a series of spaced supports having faces disposed to dene the location of a wall surface and having a recessed space between adjacent supports rearwardly of said wall surface, a screen secured to the faces of said supports enclosing said recess, a core of sound insulating material in said recess behind said screen fitting snugly therein perimetrically,
  • a sound absorbing wall construction comprising in combination a series of spaced supports having faces disposed to define the location of a wall surface and having a recessed space between adjacent supports rearwardly of said wall surface, a screen secured to the faces of said supports enclosing said recess, and a core of sound insulating material carrying a sealing backing sheet located in said recess behind said screen fitting snugly in the recess perimetrically.
  • a sound absorbing wall construction comprising in combination aseries of spaced supports disposed to dene the location of a wall surface and having a recessed space between adjacent supports rearwardly of said wall surface,l
  • a sound absorbing wall construction comprising in combination a series of spaced supports disposed to define the location of a wall surface and having a recessed space between adjacent supports rearwardly of said wall surface, a screen secured to said supports enclosing said recess; and a core of sound insulating material secured to and carried by said screen, said core fitting snugly into said recess perimetrically, and a sealing-off backing sheet secured to and carried by said core.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Description

@et 3, 1933..l l A 1 FOLEY v 1,928,650
METHOD 0F INSTALLING SOUND ABSORBING MATERIAL Filed Dec, .3, 1929 Figi.
Y wauw." Wwf gw/M ATTORNEYS Patented @et 3, i933 WTHOD 0F INSTALMNG SOUND BSORB- ING MATERHAL Arthur Lee Foley, Bloomington, 1nd., assigner to Wood v(loiuversiim Company, Cloquet, Minn., a corporation oi Delaware.
Application December 3,
Claims.
This invention relates to sound absorbing wall constructions and more particularly to a .wall for theatres, public halls, auditoriums and the like. During the past few years a great deal of attention has been paid to acoustics in various buildings used for public addresses, school buildings, churches, presentations of theatricals, symphony concerts and other performances in which 'the transmission of sound is an important factor. The acoustics of such halls or rooms have been corrected. by conducting suitable tests and then applying sound absorbing material to the surfaces of the walls or ceilings where necessary. Such sound absorbing material is usually in the lform of mats or pads which are secured to the surface and painted or otherwise decorated to carry out the ornamental design of the room. The acoustical eiect produced by the application of sound absorbing material to the wall surfaces in this manner has been fairly satisfactory, but the expense and dimculties encountered in the application of such material have greatly restricted its use.
One form of sound absorbing material `that has been used for acoustical correction comprises a mat or core of nbrous material having a facing of kraft paper on one side and a facing of open mesh cloth on the opposite side. The paper facing is placed against the plastered wall or ceiling with the cloth facing on the outside to permit the free passage of sound waves into the nbrous material.
'Very excellent results can be obtained by the use of such material but the cost of installing it is prohibitive in many cases. In applying it to a surface the cloth facing is generally covered by an open mesh membrane which 'must be stretched and often requires the services of skilled mechanics to apply it to the surface. The membrane may then be painted or otherwise decorated but it has a tendency to stretch and sag and may rot or decompose in course of time.
To overcome such diiculties it has been proposed to provide a fibrous sound absorbing material of this character with a facing of wire screen, perforated metal, or the like. The present invention relates to the method of securing such screen faced sound absorbing material to the surfaces of the walls of the hall or room.. In applying the material I secure furring strips to the wall at intervals equal to the Width of the pad of material and of such thicmiess that the outer surface of the furring strip will be flush with the outer surface of the pad. The wire screen projects beyond the edge of the pad and there-'- 1929. Serial No. 411,226
(Cl. Ztl-4) v f6re overlies the surface of the furring strip.
The pad of sound absorbing material may, therefore, be secured in place by merely nailing the wire screen facing to the furring strip. Suitable panelstrlps may then be secured over the edges of the screen and fastened to the furring strips. The nailing of the screen to the furring strip and the application of the panel strips may be accomplished by an ordinary workman, thus eleminating the services of skilled mechanics necessary in' applying the cloth faced sound absorbing material and greatly reducing the expense of application. Furthermore the iinished wall structure is a material advance over the constructions heretofore employed as the desired design may be placed on the metal surface and a more permanent product is produced. The wire has less tendency to stretch and sag than the cloth, may be more readily cleaned as by ordinary scrubbing, and makes the surface much more fire resistant.
In the accompanying drawing I have illustrated the sound absorbing material applied to a wall in accordance with my invention and have also illustrated the sound absorbing material. In the drawing:
Fig. 1 is a transverse section of a wall showing the sound absorbing material applied;
Fig. 2 is a plan view of a portion of a unit of the sound absorbing material showing the screen facing partly removed; and
Fig. 3 is an end elevation thereof.
The unit consists preferably of a core 1 having a facing 2 of Wire 'screen on one surface thereof and having the opposite surface bare or faced with some material, such as kraft paper, preferably creped, as indicated at 3. The core may be lformed of any highly porous material but I preferably employ a mat of shredded Wood :fibres disposed in heterogeneous arrangement and connected to each other at their points of intersection by means of an adhesive which is sprayed on to the bers While the fibers are being deposited on a suitable support. The method of making such material is described and claimed in the patent to Howard F. Weiss, No. 1,336,403 granted April 6, 1920. This heterogeneous arrangement of the bers gives extreme porosity, producing a large number of air spaces in the mass and thus making it particularly suitable for use as a sound absorb-` ing material in the acoustical correctionf of theatres, auditoriums, public halls and thelike. The fibers may be secured to each `other by any suitable adhesive. Solutions of casein and lime or sodium silicate may be used.
The facings 2 and 3 are secured to the core in any suitable manner, preferably by an adhesive. The inner surfaces of these facings may be coated with an adhesive in any suitable manner and then applied to the surface of the core. The adhesive is permitted to dry, thus securing the facings in position. 'I'he adhesive employed for this purpose may be the same as the adhesive employed for cementing the fibers of the mat to each other, or a different adhesive may be selected for this purpose. 'Ihe fibers may be deposited, during manufacture of the core, directly on the facings 2 or 3, and secured thereto by the adhesive used in cementing the fibers to each other.
In applying the wire screen facing to the mat or core I preferably employ a screen of a little greater length and width than the length and width of the core so that the screen will project beyond the edges as indicated at 4. These materials come in predetermined -lengths and widths for application to buildings and by employing a screen of greater width than the width of the core, the application of a sound absorbing material to the walls or ceiling of-a room is made more simple.
In carrying out my invention the units or rolls of the sound absorbing material are preferably of widths equal to the distances between the joists or studding in a building construction. In Fig. 1 the joists or studding are indicated by the reference numeral 5 and the usual lath 6 is fastened thereto in any suitable manner. A layer of plaster 7 is secured to the laths in the usual manner. The wall to which the sound absorbing material is to be applied is thus of conventional construction. However, the material may be applied to any wall to which furring strips may rst be attached. In alignment with each of the joists or studding I secure a furring strip 8 which is of substantially the same thickness as the thickness of the unit of sound absorbing material. The units of sound absorbing material are then arranged between the two furring strips as shown and the .projecting ends 4 of the screen facing extends over the outer surfaces of these furring strips. The sound absorbing material may thus be secured in place by nails 9 or other suitable fastening elements which pass into the furring strips and perhaps into the laths 6 or the joists 5. To produce a more nished appearance the edges of the wire screen may be covered by panel strips or molding 10 which may be secured in position by any suitable fastening elements such as nails 11. This molding may be of practically the same width as the furring strip or preferably somewhat wider to cover the r'aw'edges of the core below the screen wire.
The spaced stubs, furring or other means have edges or faces which define the location cf the wall, and they also provide a recessed space for location of the sound absorbing material. The sound absorbing unit is preferably made to fit neatly and snugly into the recess with the projecting edges of the carrier facing of the unit secured to the supports, preferably lying against the faces of the supports and attached thereto. By using a unit which fits snugly into the recess and which has a backing sheet like paper, capable of sealing oif the porosity of the unit, a substantially draftproof sound insulating construction results.
The nished wall thus produced may -be painted or dzorated in any suitable manner with the paint or other decoration applied directly to the surface of the screen and it may be scrubbed or cleaned with the usual cleaning substances employed on ordinary plastered orI painted walls.
Throughout the claims the word walls is used in a generic sense and includes ceilings as well as vertical walls and walls at an angle other than horizontal or vertical. The term screen, as used in this specification, is intended to cover all sorts of wire or perforated facing, whether the wire be woven, plaited or electrically welded together, and to include perforated metal, metal woven in strips to provide openings, and the like.
I claim:
1. A sound absorbing wall construction comprising a wall, furring strips secured thereto at suitable intervals, mats of sound absorbing material having a facing of wire screen arranged between said furring strips, said screen being secured to said furring strips to retain said mats in position, and panel strips arranged over said screen and said furring strips.
2. A sound absorbing wall construction comprising a wall, furring strips arranged at suitable intervals on said wall, and mats of sound absorbing material having a facing of wire screen arranged between said furring strips, said furring strips and said mats being of substantially the same thickness whereby their outer surfaces are substantially flush, the wire screen being of greater width than the mat and extending over the outer surface of the furring strips, said screen being secured to said furring strip to retain the mat in position.
3. A sound absorbing wall construction comprising a wall, furring strips arranged at suitable intervals on said wall, mats of sound absorbing material having a facing of wire screen arranged between said furring strips, said furring strips and said mats being of substantially the same thickness whereby their outer surfaces are substantially flush, the wire screen being of greater width than the mat and extending over the outer surface of the furring strips, said screen being secured to said furring strips to retain said mats in position and panel strips arranged over said screen and said furring strips.
4:. A sound absorbing wall construction comprising in combination a series of spaced supports having faces disposed to define the location of a wall surface and having a recessed space between adjacent supports rearwardly of' said wall surface, a sound absorbing unit having a screen facing carrying a core of sound absorbent material attached thereto Within the edges of the facing, said core fitting into said recess, and said facing being secured at the projecting edges to the faces of the supports.
5. A sound absorbing wall construction comprising in combination a series of spaced supports having faces disposed to define the location of a wall surface and having a recessed space between adjacent supports rearwardly of said wall surface, a sound absorbing unit having a screen facing carrying a core of sound absorbing material attached thereto, said core in turn carrying a backing sheet capable of sealing off the porosity of said core, said core being of a size to t snugly into said recess perimetrically, and said facing having edges projecting beyond said core and attached to the faces of said supports.
6. A sound absorbing wall construction comprising in combination a series of spaced supports having faces disposed to dene the location of a wall surface and having a recessed space between adjacent supports rearwardly of said wall surface, a screen secured to the faces of said supports enclosing said recess, a core of sound insulating material in said recess behind said screen fitting snugly therein perimetrically,
and a sealing sheet in said recess rearwardly of said core.
'1. A sound absorbing wall construction comprising in combination a series of spaced supports having faces disposed to define the location of a wall surface and having a recessed space between adjacent supports rearwardly of said wall surface, a screen secured to the faces of said supports enclosing said recess, and a core of sound insulating material carrying a sealing backing sheet located in said recess behind said screen fitting snugly in the recess perimetrically.
8. A sound absorbing wall construction comprising in combination aseries of spaced supports disposed to dene the location of a wall surface and having a recessed space between adjacent supports rearwardly of said wall surface,l
a wire screen secured to said supports enclosing said recess, and a core of sound insulating material secured to and carried by said screen and located within said recess.
9. A sound absorbing wall construction comprising in combination a series of spaced supports disposed to define the location of a wall surface and having a recessed space between adjacent supports rearwardly of said wall surface, a screen secured to said supports enclosing said recess; and a core of sound insulating material secured to and carried by said screen, said core fitting snugly into said recess perimetrically, and a sealing-off backing sheet secured to and carried by said core.
' ARTHUR LEE FOLEY.
' las
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