WO2020003437A1 - 磁気刺激装置 - Google Patents
磁気刺激装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020003437A1 WO2020003437A1 PCT/JP2018/024585 JP2018024585W WO2020003437A1 WO 2020003437 A1 WO2020003437 A1 WO 2020003437A1 JP 2018024585 W JP2018024585 W JP 2018024585W WO 2020003437 A1 WO2020003437 A1 WO 2020003437A1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N2/00—Magnetotherapy
- A61N2/004—Magnetotherapy specially adapted for a specific therapy
- A61N2/006—Magnetotherapy specially adapted for a specific therapy for magnetic stimulation of nerve tissue
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N2/00—Magnetotherapy
- A61N2/02—Magnetotherapy using magnetic fields produced by coils, including single turn loops or electromagnets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/02—Casings
- H01F27/04—Leading of conductors or axles through casings, e.g. for tap-changing arrangements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
- H01F27/2866—Combination of wires and sheets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F7/00—Magnets
- H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a device for enhancing magnetic stimulation effect by using a coil having a magnetic core and a cooling mechanism when magnetic stimulation is repeatedly performed on a peripheral nerve or a cortical motor area.
- a rehabilitation method that does not use exercise therapy there is known a method of electrically stimulating peripheral nerves and motor areas of the cerebral cortex to induce muscle movement.
- an electrical stimulation method transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation TENS is widely used.
- the motor nerve is electrically stimulated from the outside to induce contraction of the muscles of the limbs and restore the motor function.
- a rehabilitation device for dysphagia a medical device that applies electrical stimulation to muscles below the jaw to induce contraction of swallowing-related muscles has recently been developed.
- strong electrical stimulation is required. Strong electrical stimulation is equivalent to electric shock and is accompanied by strong discomfort and pain.
- Various studies have been made to improve the frequency and waveform to relieve this discomfort and pain, but have not reached a fundamental solution.
- Pain due to electrical stimulation is sensed by pain nerves distributed near the surface of the skin. Therefore, the pain of electrical stimulation can be alleviated by implanting the stimulation electrode subcutaneously. However, since the embedded electrode always needs to keep the signal line outside the body, there is a serious problem of bacterial infection from the wound.
- Magnetic stimulation is another method of electromagnetically stimulating nerves without using contact electrodes. This is a method in which a pulse current is applied to a coil placed near the body surface, and an induced current generated in the body by a magnetic flux generated from the coil to stimulate a nerve to move a muscle.
- This magnetic stimulation method does not require a step of attaching or embedding an electrode, and in addition, hardly causes discomfort or pain such as electric shock.
- TMS Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
- Patent Document 1 discloses a urinary incontinence treatment device as an invention utilizing the muscle contraction effect of magnetic stimulation. This device performs a urinary incontinence treatment by repeating a cyclic contraction of the bladder sphincter by generating a pulse magnetic field of 0.01 to 3 Tesla at 1 to 100 Hz from a magnetic stimulation coil fixed to a chair or a body. Things.
- Patent Literature 2 A technique in which a finger or an arm is continuously bent by magnetic stimulation instead of simple muscle contraction as in the treatment of urinary incontinence is disclosed in Patent Literature 2, and a magnetic pulse is repeated at intervals of 10 milliseconds to magnetize the nerve of the arm. It has been shown that stimulation increases the distance the arm bends as the number of pulses increases.
- the effect of magnetic stimulation increases with the number of repetitions of magnetic stimulation.
- it is necessary to pass a large current of several hundred amperes or more to the coil.
- the magnetic stimulation by the continuous pulse has a problem that the heat generation and temperature rise of the coil are severe and the number of pulses cannot be increased.
- the heat generated by this coil is a major technical constraint for performing continuous magnetic stimulation.
- Patent Literature 3 discloses a magnetic stimulator in which a part of an O-shaped magnetic core is cut, an opposing portion is narrowed, and a coil is wound therearound to obtain a converged magnetic field.
- Patent Document 4 discloses a magnetic stimulator in which a magnetic material is disposed in a space formed inside a winding.
- Patent Document 5 discloses a technique of transcranial magnetic stimulation in which a coil is wound around a horseshoe-shaped core from a semicircle having high magnetic permeability to reduce heat generation of the coil and perform magnetic stimulation of the brain.
- Patent Document 6 discloses a technique of using a ferromagnetic material having a high magnetic permeability and a high saturation magnetic flux density for a magnetic material core having a similar shape.
- Patent Literature 7 describes a technique for reducing heat generation of a coil by bundling a thin litz wire, which is a common means of a high-frequency coil, and winding the coil.
- the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the insulating portion (including the gap between the coils) to the cross-sectional area of the conductive portion is high.
- the coil part is multi-insulated due to multiple winding of litz wire insulated with poor quality material, and the temperature of the coil part is above the allowable value due to the fact that heat from the part wound inside is difficult to escape to the outside become.
- continuous magnetic stimulation can provide a strong magnetic stimulation effect, so that there is an advantage that a large movement of a finger or a limb muscle can be induced.
- Patent Document 8 On the assumption that heat generation of the coil cannot be avoided.
- Patent Document 8 attempts to suppress the temperature rise of the skin contact surface of the casing by air-cooling the magnetic core, the conductor itself serving as a coil, and the magnetic core and the skin contact surface of the casing. Is what you do.
- the outline of the device configuration is such that conductors 120 and 160 formed of a material having a wide rectangular cross section (an example of a copper strip: 0.8 ⁇ 9 mm in cross section) are legs of the U-shaped core 200. 220 and 260 are wound in the vertical direction (the longitudinal direction of the copper strip is along the longitudinal direction of the legs 220 and 260).
- a cooling gap 300 was provided to cool the conductors 120 and 160 and the legs 220 and 260 of the U-shaped core 200 by heating. Tried to solve the problem.
- the cooling gap is required between the conductors 120 and 160, in other words, the size of the device is increased by the cooling gap, and the area efficiency of the entire conductors 120 and 160 (the overall conductor And the cooling mechanism (for example, a cooling fan or a cooling gas supply tube) for supplying a cooling gas to the casing is required.
- the cooling mechanism for example, a cooling fan or a cooling gas supply tube
- the present invention has been made in view of such problems of the related art, and by devising the structure of the conductor, it is possible to suppress the heat generation of the conductor itself, thereby suppressing the temperature rise of the skin contact surface. It is an object to provide a magnetic stimulator.
- Claim 1 relates to the first structure (multi-stage spiral structure; first embodiment) of the conductors 12 and 16 of the magnetic stimulator A (FIGS. 1 to 5) of the present invention.
- a magnetic core 20 formed of a core body 21 and a pair of legs 22 and 26 extending from the core body 21 is wound around each of the legs 22 and 26 and stacked in multiple stages.
- the wires used for the conductor layers 12a to 12n and 16a to 16n each have a square cross section parallel to the longitudinal direction of the legs 22 and 26, Between the pair of legs 22 and 26, the wire constituting each conductor layer 12a to 12n of one leg 22 is connected to the wire constituting each conductor layer 16a to 16n of the other leg 26 in each step. Are respectively connected to
- Claim 2 relates to a first connection method of the magnetic stimulator A (FIG. 4) according to claim 1.
- the first layer 12a close to the tip 28 of the leg portion 22 is a conductor layer 16a wound around the other leg 26 in multiple stages.
- the same layer is connected to the first layer 16a near the tip 28 of the leg portion 26, and the same layers are sequentially connected from the second layer to the nth layer.
- Claim 3 relates to a second method of connecting the magnetic stimulator A according to claim 1 (FIG. 5).
- the first layer 12a close to the tip 28 of the leg portion 22 is a conductor layer 16a wound around the other leg 26 in multiple stages.
- n-th layer 16n connected to the n-th layer 16n closest to the core body 21 of the leg 26
- the n-th layer 12n of the one leg 22 closest to the core body 21 is connected to the first layer 16a near the tip 28 of the leg 26 wound around the other leg 26 in multiple stages
- the second layer 12b to the (n-1) th layer 12 (n-1) of the one leg 22 is connected to the (n-1) th layer 16 (n-1) of the other leg 26 from the second layer 12 (n-1). It is characterized by being connected to the layer 16b in reverse order.
- Claim 4 relates to the second structure (multiple coil spring-like structure: second embodiment) of the conductors 12 and 16 of the magnetic stimulator A of the present invention (FIGS. 1 to 3, 6, and 7).
- a magnetic core 20 formed of a core body 21 and a pair of legs 22 and 26 extending from the core body 21, and multiple windings around the legs 22 and 26 with different diameters.
- conductors 12 and 16 made of conductor layers 12a to 12n and 16a to 16n.
- the wire used for the conductors 12 and 16 has a rectangular cross section parallel to the longitudinal direction of the legs 22 and 26, Between the pair of legs 22, 26, the wires constituting the conductor layers 12 a ′ to 12 n ′ of one leg 22 become the wires constituting the conductor layers 16 a ′ to 16 n ′ of the other leg 26. , For each of the inner and outer layers.
- Claim 5 relates to a first connection method (FIG. 6) of the magnetic stimulator A according to claim 4.
- the innermost first layer 12a 'close to the leg section 22 is wound in multiple layers around the other leg section 26.
- the conductor layers 16a 'to 16n' are connected to the innermost first layer 16a 'close to the leg portion 26, and the second layers 12b' and 16b 'and so on up to the n-th layers 12n' and 16n '. , Characterized in that the same layers are connected to each other.
- Claim 6 relates to the second connection method (FIG. 7) of the magnetic stimulator A according to claim 4.
- the innermost first layer 12a 'close to the leg section 22 is wound in multiple layers around the other leg section 26.
- the conductor layers 16a 'to 16n' are connected to the outermost n-th layer 16n 'of the core body 21 of the leg portion 26,
- the outermost n-th layer 12n 'of the core body 21 of the one leg 22 is connected to the innermost first layer 16a' of the leg 26 wound around the other leg 26 in multiple layers.
- the second layer 12b 'to the (n-1) th layer 12 (n-1)' of the one leg 22 are the (n-1) th layer 16 (n-1) 'of the other leg 26.
- the amount of heat generated by the conductors 12 and 16 is suppressed by the above configuration for the reason described later.
- the temperature of the affected part contact surface 9 of the casing 1 in which the magnetic core 20 is accommodated is kept at a safe level for a time required for the treatment (for example, 2 to 3 minutes or more). It can be kept in the temperature range and does not cause thermal damage such as burns to the affected part.
- a magnetic stimulating device A By using such a magnetic stimulating device A, it becomes possible to continuously exercise large muscles that are difficult to spontaneously move due to paralysis due to cerebral dysfunction or the like by the action of a pulse magnetic field.
- a similar muscle contraction effect can be achieved by electrical stimulation, but electrical stimulation involves (1) discomfort and pain similar to electric shock, (2) it takes time to attach or implant electrodes, and (3) There is a risk of burns due to energization.
- magnetic stimulation does not have these problems (1) to (3). Even if limb paralysis occurs due to cerebral dysfunction, the nervous system and muscles are not damaged, so that appropriate rehabilitation treatment can restore motor function. However, if the person is accompanied by impaired consciousness or stays bedridden, it becomes impossible to restore motor function due to disuse syndrome.
- continuous magnetic stimulation is performed using the magnetic stimulator A of the present invention, paralyzed limbs and finger muscles can be effectively exercised, and thus it is expected that the rehabilitation effect will be dramatically improved.
- FIG. 2 is a plan view of FIG. 1 when a cover is removed.
- FIG. 4 is an essential part perspective view showing a first connection state in the first conductor structure in FIG. 3.
- FIG. 4 is an essential part perspective view showing a second connection state in the first conductor structure in FIG. 3.
- FIG. 4 is an essential part perspective view showing a first connection state in a second conductor structure in FIG. 3.
- FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a main part showing a second connection state in the second conductor structure in FIG. 3.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a heat generation state of a conductor during energization in FIG. 4.
- FIGS. 5 to 7 are cross-sectional views showing a heat generation state of the conductor during energization in FIGS. 5 to 7. It is sectional drawing which shows the magnetic flux leakage in a prior art example. It is a comparison graph of the heat generation state of the conventional example and the present invention.
- the main components of the magnetic stimulator A of the present invention are the conductors 12 and 16 and the magnetic core 20, which are housed in the casing 1.
- the magnetic core 20 is a U-shaped member in which legs 22 and 26 project in the same direction from both ends of the core body 21 and is formed by laminating a large number of rolled silicon steel sheets with a thin insulating coating.
- As the magnetic core 20 of this embodiment a member obtained by punching out a U-shaped member as described above or a rolled rolled silicon steel strip multiplexed and divided into two parts is used.
- the rolled silicon steel sheet used in this example has a thickness of 0.35 mm.
- the cross section of the leg portions 22 and 26 in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction is a quadrangle (square or rectangular) or a circle (not shown).
- the conductors 12 and 16 are formed by an aggregate of multi-stage conductor layers 12a to 12n and 16a to 16n wound around the legs 22 and 26 or an aggregate of multiple conductor layers 12a 'to 12n' and 16a 'to 16n'.
- a member constituting the multi-stage conductor layers 12a to 12n and 16a to 16n or the multiple conductor layers 12a 'to 12n' and 16a 'to 16n' is called a wire.
- the wire is long and has a square cross section (square or rectangular), for example, a copper strip is used as a raw material, and an insulating coating is formed on the surface thereof.
- the thickness of the wire is 0.9 mm and the height is 1.6 mm.
- the insulating film was made of urethane resin and was thinned so as not to hinder heat radiation on the surfaces of the conductors 12 and 16. In this embodiment, the thickness of the insulating film was set to 20 ⁇ m. (In some drawings, the cross section of the wire is represented as a circle for the purpose of drawing, but the cross section is rectangular as described above.)
- the wire is wound around the legs 22 and 26 several times so that one side of one wire is wound along the outer peripheral surface of one leg 22, and then the other portion is wound around the other leg 26. In the same manner as above, several turns are wound in the opposite direction.
- a cooling gap 300 (see FIG. 10), and can be wound in close contact with each other. Therefore, the size of the apparatus can be reduced by the cooling gap 300 which is conventionally required.
- the wire wound around the legs 22 and 26 is a single wire as described above, but for convenience of explanation, a conductor that is an aggregate of the wires wound around the legs 22 and 26 is used. Expressed as 12.16 respectively.
- a winding method other than the above although not shown, two wires are prepared, and one side of one wire is wound several times along the outer peripheral surface of one leg 22 as described above, and the like. The other wire may be wound several times around one side along the outer peripheral surface of the other leg 26. Then, the respective layers of the wire rod individually wound around the leg portions 22 and 26 may be connected by connecting wires.
- the casing 1 is made of resin (here, made of ABS) for housing the magnetic core 20 and the conductors 12 and 16 wound around the legs 22 and 26 of the magnetic core 20, and has a casing body with an open top surface. 2 and a lid 5 covering the opening, which is fixed with bolts (not shown), and the upper opening is closed.
- a convex portion 7 swelling downward is formed at the center of the lower surface of the casing main body 2 (that is, the diseased portion contact surface 9) that comes into contact with the affected portion of the patient.
- the tips 28 of the legs 22 and 26 slightly protrude from the conductors 12 and 16 from the conductors 12 and 16 wound around the legs 22 and 26 in multiple or multiple stages (the protrusion amount is 3 mm in this embodiment). And this part fits into the concave part inside the convex part 7 as described above.
- the tips 28 of the leg portions 22 and 26 are held in a state of being in close contact with (or slightly separated from) the concave portion inside the convex portion 7, and the magnetic core 20 is fixed to the casing main body 2 by a fixing member (not shown) or an adhesive. It is fixed in such a way.
- FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the magnetic stimulator A of the present invention and a partially enlarged view of the first or second structure (first and second embodiments) of the conductors 12 and 16.
- the conductors 12 and 16 are described as being wound with a gap therebetween for the purpose of drawing, but can be wound without a gap as described above.
- a first embodiment of the conductors 12 and 16 will be described with reference to FIGS.
- the structure of the conductors 12 and 16 of the first embodiment is an example in which one wire is wound in plural steps around the legs 22 and 26 of the magnetic core 20 as shown in FIGS. That is, one wire rod is wound on a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the legs 22 and 26 and provided on a plurality of stages. This plane is provided in a plurality of stages between the tip end 28 of the legs 22 and 26 and the core body 21. Therefore, the conductor layers 12a to 12n and 16a to 16n formed of one wire wound around the legs 22 and 26 are provided in a plurality of stages over the first layers 12a and 16a to the n-th layers 12n and 16n.
- a layer closer to the tip 28 of the leg portion 22/26 is defined as a first layer 12a / 16a
- a layer closest to the core layer 21 is defined as a second layer 12b / 16b toward the core body 21.
- the n-th layers are 12n and 16n.
- the winding direction of the wire material is such that the direction S (N) of the magnetic field of the other leg 26 is opposite to the direction N (S) of the magnetic field of the other leg 26 throughout the present invention.
- Can be attached that is, in FIG. 4, when the wire of the left conductor layer 12a... 12n is wound counterclockwise, the wire of the right conductor layer 16a.
- the corresponding ends of the wires of the left and right conductor layers 12a... 12n 16a... 16n are connected to each other to form one wire.
- the wires constituting the conductor layers 12a to 12n wound around the legs 22 and 26 have one ends connected in parallel to the legs 22 and 26, respectively, to form the conductors 12 and 16.
- the wire constituting each layer in FIG. 4 (similarly in FIG. 5 described later) is shown as an example in which the wire is wound in a circular spiral shape.
- the spiral may be wound in a quadrangular shape in plan view according to the cross-sectional shape of the legs 22 and 26 of the body core 20.
- the wires constituting the conductor layers 12a to 12n of the one leg 22 are connected to the wires constituting the conductor layers 16a to 16n of the other leg 26 by the respective steps. Each is connected.
- the magnetic stimulator A assembled as in the first embodiment is energized.
- an exciting current pulse current or alternating current
- the exciting current is divided and flows counterclockwise through the parallel conductor layers 12 a to 12 n wound around one leg 22.
- the current flows clockwise to the parallel conductor layers 16a to 16n wound around the other leg 26, and flows to the other exciting current supply line 14.
- the magnetic pole at the tip 28 of one leg 22 becomes S
- the magnetic pole at the tip 28 of the other leg 26 becomes N.
- the exciting current in one direction ends, the exciting current is reversed, and an exciting current in the opposite direction flows from the other exciting current supply line 14, which shunts and is wound around the other leg 26.
- the current flows clockwise in the layers 16a to 16n, then flows counterclockwise in the parallel conductor layers 12a to 12n wound on one leg 22, and flows in one exciting current supply line 10.
- the magnetic pole at the tip 28 of the other leg 22 becomes S, the magnetic pole N at the tip 28 of the one leg 22, and the magnetic pole is reversed. This is repeated at a predetermined cycle.
- Magnetic flux G is generated between both ends 28 of the magnetic core 20.
- FIG. 10 shows a conventional device developed by the present inventors.
- the same U-shaped core 200 as the magnetic core 20 of the present invention is used, and conductors 120 and 160 are wound around a pair of legs 220 and 260, respectively.
- the conductors 120 and 160 have an elongated rectangular cross section, and are wound in the vertical direction such that the long sides are along the outer peripheral surfaces of the legs 220 and 260.
- the long sides of the conductors 120 and 160 are vertically long strips extending from the vicinity of the tips of the legs 220 and 260 to the core body.
- the thickness of the strip is, for example, 0.8 mm and the height is 9 mm.
- a cooling gap 300 is provided between the conductors 120 and 160.
- an exciting current is applied to the conductors 120 and 160, an N pole (S pole) appears at the tip 280 of one leg 220 as described above, and an opposite S pole (opposite) appears at the tip 280 of the other leg 260 as described above. N pole) appears.
- the inductance of the tip portions of the two legs 220 and 260 of the U-shaped core 200 was partially lower than the inductance of the other portions.
- the present inventors have found that the exciting current flows intensively at the tip portions of the vertically elongated conductors 120 and 160 facing the tip portions, and have reached the present invention. In other words, the present inventors have found that the current density at the end portions of the vertically installed conductors 120 and 160 is higher than that at the other portions, and the temperature at the end portions of the conductors 120 and 160 is abnormally increased.
- the leakage magnetic flux W from the two legs 220 and 260 penetrates the conductors 120 and 160 from the inner surface to the outer surface (or vice versa), and the eddy current U1 flows through the conductors 120 and 160 with Joule heat. Also newly arrived at the present invention.
- a large eddy current U1 flows through the conductors 120 and 160 over the entire height. The inventors have found that this large eddy current U1 also causes a rise in the temperature of the conductors 120 and 160.
- the conventional apparatus that does not have such knowledge requires a cooling gap 300 and a cooling mechanism that supplies a cooling gas to the cooling gap 300.
- the present invention has a structure equivalent to that obtained by dividing the conventional vertically elongated conductors 120 and 160 into a plurality of wires, and is connected in parallel to the conductor layers 12a to 12n and 16a to Since 16n is provided in a plurality of stages in the longitudinal direction of the legs 22 and 26, the bias of the current density of each layer (particularly, the first layers 12a and 16a) is largely eliminated, and the eddy current U2 generated in each layer is reduced. As a result, the heat generation of the conductors 12 and 16 has been significantly suppressed.
- the first connection method is a case where the layers of the conductor layers 12a to 12n and 16a to 16n are connected in the forward direction as shown in FIG. 4, and the second connection method is a method of connecting the conductor layers as shown in FIG. This is the case where the layers 12a to 12n and 16a to 16n are connected in the reverse forward direction. It is the reverse of the first connection method.
- the first layer 12a of the conductor layers 12a to 12n wound on one leg 22 near the tip 28 of the leg 22 is connected to the conductor layer 12a wound on the other leg 26.
- the n-th layer 12n which is connected to the first layer 16a of the layers 16a to 16n near the tip 28 of the leg 26 and is closest to the core body 21 of the one leg 22, is wound around the other leg 26.
- the leg portion 26 is connected to the n-th layer 16n closest to the core body 21.
- the second layer 12b to the (n-1) th layer 12 (n-1) of the one leg 22 is formed from the second layer 16b to the (n-1) th layer 16 of the other leg 26. (N-1).
- the first layer 12a of the conductor layers 12a to 12n wound on one leg 22 near the tip 28 of the leg 22 is connected to the other leg 26.
- the n-th layer 12n of the wound conductor layers 16a to 16n connected to the n-th layer 16n closest to the core main body 21 of the leg 26, and the n-th layer 12n of the one leg 22 closest to the core main body 21 is connected to the other end. Is connected to the first layer 16a near the tip 28 of the leg 26 wound around the leg 26, and from the second layer 12b to the (n-1) th layer 12 (n -1) are connected in reverse order from the (n-1) th layer to the 16 (n-1) to the second layer 16b of the other leg 26.
- the inductance of the distal ends of the legs 22 and 26 becomes smaller than that of the other portions, and the first layers 12a and 16a wound around the distal ends have other inductance.
- Excitation current slightly larger than that of the layers 12b and 16b or less flows, and the amount of excitation current of each layer decreases as approaching the core body 21.
- the conductors 12 and 16 are not formed of a vertically elongated unit, and the conductors 12 and 16 are divided into a plurality of wires, the bias of the current density is reduced.
- the leakage magnetic flux W emerges from the legs 22 and 26 of the magnetic core 20 and penetrates the conductor layers 12a to 12n and 16a to 16n as in the conventional example. Since 12a to 12n and 16a to 16n are divided, the height of the eddy current U2 due to the leakage magnetic flux W is significantly lower than that of the conventional vertically long case, and the eddy current U2 due to the leakage magnetic flux W is generated. Also occur on the short side of each layer. As a result, the greatly reduced current density deviation and the eddy current U2 generated on the short side of each of the conductor layers 12a to 12n and 16a to 16n cause the heat generation of the conductors 12 and 16 to be larger than in the conventional example. Is suppressed.
- FIG. 8 schematically shows the temperature rising state of each of the conductor layers 12a to 12n and 16a to 16n in this case. Although the temperature of each of the conductor layers 12a to 12n and 16a to 16n does not have a large temperature difference, the temperature becomes higher as approaching the tip 28 of the leg portions 22 and 26.
- FIG. 5 a second connection method of the first embodiment will be described (FIG. 5).
- the exciting current tends to flow slightly biased to the first layers 12 a and 16 a as described above due to the above-described inductance, but is connected to the first layers 12 a and 16 a. Since the exciting current is less likely to flow through the n-th layers 12n and 16n than the first layers 12a and 16a, the n-layers 12n and 16n are rate-limiting to suppress the exciting current flowing through the first layers 12a and 16a. In other words, the exciting current flowing through the first layers 12a and 16a becomes the same as that of the n-th layers 12n and 16n.
- FIG. 9 schematically shows the temperature rising state of each of the conductor layers 12a to 12n and 16a to 16n in this case.
- the temperatures of the conductor layers 12a to 12n and 16a to 16n are averaged overall as compared to FIG.
- the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the conductors 12 and 16 are formed by winding the wires constituting the conductors in close contact with the legs 22 and 26 in the form of coil springs having different diameters from a large diameter to a small diameter. Have been. That is, the smaller diameter conductors 12 and 16 are nested inside the larger diameter conductors.
- the innermost ones of the conductors 12 and 16 wound in close contact multiplexing are referred to as first layers 12a 'and 16a', the second layers 12b 'and 16b'. ' ⁇ 16n'.
- the conductors 12 and 16 forming the n-th layers 12n 'and 16n' from the first layers 12a 'and 16a' can suppress the temperature rise of the conductors 12 and 16 as in the first embodiment. It is possible to wind tightly without leaving a gap inside and outside.
- connection method is basically the same as in the first embodiment. This will be described below.
- the first connection method connects the innermost first layers 12a 'and 16a' between the legs 22 and 26, and sequentially connects the second and lower layers to the n-th layer. The wires of the same layer are connected outward.
- the second connection method is as shown in FIG. 7.
- the innermost first layer 12 a ′ near the leg 22 is The conductor layers 16a 'to 16n' wound around the other leg 26 in multiple layers are connected to the outermost n-th layer 16n 'of the core body 21 of the leg 26, and the one leg 22
- the outermost n-th layer 12n 'of the core body 21 is connected to the innermost first layer 16a' of the leg 26 wound around the other leg 26 in multiple layers, and the one leg 22
- the second layer 12b 'to the (n-1) th layer 12 (n-1)' of the other leg 26 are formed from the (n-1) th layer 16 (n-1) 'to the second layer 16b' of the other leg 26.
- the first layer 12a '(16a') of the one (other) leg 22 is connected to the n-th layer 16n '(12n') of the other (one) leg 26 in the reverse order. Therefore, in the reverse combination of the first layer 12a '(the n-th layer 16n'), a portion corresponding to a portion other than the tip portions of the legs 22 and 26 of the n-th layer 16n '(12n') having the least influence of inductance. 18 is the rate limiting.
- This relationship is the same for other combinations, and the second connection method of the second embodiment has less current density deviation and better control of temperature rise than the first connection method. As described above, the temperature rise of the conductors 12 and 16 in the second embodiment is as shown in FIG. 9 even if there is a slight difference.
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Abstract
Description
このような熱の問題点を抱えつつも連続磁気刺激によれば強い磁気刺激効果が得られるので、指や手足の筋肉の大きな運動を誘発できるというメリットを有する。
コア本体21と、該コア本体21から伸びた一対の脚部22・26とで形成された磁性体コア20と、前記脚部22・26それぞれの周囲に巻設され、且つ多段に積み重ねられた導体層12a~12n・16a~16nからなる導体12・16とで構成され、
前記導体層12a~12n・16a~16nにそれぞれ用いられる線材は、前記脚部22・26の長手方向に平行なその断面が四角形であり、
前記一対の脚部22・26間では、一方の脚部22の各導体層12a~12nを構成する線材が、他方の脚部26の各導体層16a~16nを構成する線材に、各段毎にそれぞれ接続されていることを特徴とする。
一方の脚部22に多段に巻設された導体層12a~12nにおいて、該脚部22の先端28に近い第1層12aは、前記他方の脚部26に多段に巻設された導体層16a~16nで、該脚部26の先端28に近い第1層16aに接続され、且つ第2層以下、第n層に至るまで順次、同じ層同士が接続されていることを特徴とする。
一方の脚部22に多段に巻設された導体層12a~12nにおいて、該脚部22の先端28に近い第1層12aは、前記他方の脚部26に多段に巻設された導体層16a~16nで、該脚部26のコア本体21に最も近い第n層16nに接続され、
前記一方の脚部22のコア本体21に最も近い第n層12nは、前記他方の脚部26に多段に巻設された該脚部26の先端28に近い第1層16aに接続され、
前記一方の脚部22の第2層12bから第(n-1)層12(n-1)は、前記他方の脚部26の第(n-1)層16(n-1)から第2層16bに逆順に接続されていることを特徴とする。
コア本体21と、該コア本体21から伸びた一対の脚部22・26とで形成された磁性体コア20と、前記脚部22・26それぞれの周囲に、その直径を違えて多重に巻設された導体層12a~12n・16a~16nからなる導体12・16とで構成され、
前記導体12・16に用いられる線材は、前記脚部22・26の長手方向に平行なその断面が四角形であり、
前記一対の脚部22・26間では、一方の脚部22の各導体層12a’~12n’を構成する線材が、他方の脚部26の各導体層16a’~16n’を構成する線材に、内外の各層毎にそれぞれ接続されていることを特徴とする。
一方の脚部22に多重に巻設された導体層12a’~12n’において、該脚部22に近い最内層の第1層12a’は、前記他方の脚部26に多重に巻設された導体層16a’~16n’で、該脚部26に近い最内層の第1層16a’に接続され、且つ第2層12b’・16b’以下、第n層12n’・16n’に至るまで順次、同じ層同士が接続されていることを特徴とする。
一方の脚部22に多重に巻設された導体層12a’~12n’において、該脚部22に近い最内側の第1層12a’は、前記他方の脚部26に多重に巻設された導体層16a’~16n’で、該脚部26のコア本体21の最外層の第n層16n’に接続され、
前記一方の脚部22のコア本体21の最外層の第n層12n’は、前記他方の脚部26に多重に巻設された該脚部26の最内側の第1層16a’に接続され、
前記一方の脚部22の第2層12b’から第(n-1)層12(n-1)’は、前記他方の脚部26の第(n-1)層16(n-1)’から第2層16b’に逆順に接続されていることを特徴とする。
磁性体コア20は、コア本体21の両端から脚部22・26が同方向に突き出した、U字形の部材で、薄い絶縁被膜付きの圧延ケイ素鋼板を多数枚積層したものである。本実施例の磁性体コア20はU字形に打ち抜いた部材を上記のように積層したもの、或いは圧延ケイ素鋼帯を多重に巻き、これを2分割したものなどが用いられる。本実施例で使用した圧延ケイ素鋼板は、厚さが0.35mmのものである。
なお、脚部22・26の長手方向に対して直角方向の断面は、本実施例では四角形(正方形或いは長方形、)又は図示していないが円形である。
多段の導体層12a~12n・16a~16n、或いは多重の導体層12a’~12n’・16a’~16n’を構成する部材を線材と言う。
該線材は長尺で断面四角形(正方形又は長方形)の、例えば、銅条が素材として使用され、その表面には絶縁被膜が形成されている。一例を示せば、線材の厚みは0.9mm、高さは1.6mmである。絶縁被膜はウレタン樹脂を用い、導体12・16表面の放熱を妨げないように薄くした。本実施例では絶縁被膜の厚みは20μmとした。(なお、図において、作図の関係から線材の断面を円形としてあらわしているものもあるが、上記のように断面は四角形である。)
上記以外の巻き方として、図示していないが、二本の線材を用意し、上記のように一方の線材の一側面を一方の脚部22の外周面に沿うようにして数周巻き付け、同様に他の線材の一側面を他方の脚部26の外周面に沿うようにして数周巻き付けるようにしてもよい。そして、脚部22・26に個別に巻き付けられた線材の各層をそれぞれ接続線で接続するようにしてもよい。
患者の患部に接触するケーシング本体2の下面(即ち、患部接触面9)の中央に下方に膨出した凸部7が形成されている。
また、脚部22・26に多段又は多重に巻かれた導体12・16の結線方法もそれぞれの構造(第1・2実施例)に付いて2種類ある。
導体12・16の第1実施例を図4、図5に従って説明する。
第1実施例の導体12・16の構造は、図4、図5に示すように、1本の線材を磁性体コア20の脚部22・26に複数の段状に巻き付けた例である。即ち、1本の前記線材が、脚部22・26の長手方向に対して直角で、且つ複数段に設けられた平面上にそれぞれ巻き付けられている。そしてこの平面が脚部22・26の先端28からコア本体21の間で複数段に設けられている。
従って、脚部22・26に巻設された、1本の線材で構成された導体層12a~12n・16a~16nは、第1層12a・16a~第n層12n・16nにわたって複数段、設けられることになる。
ここで、層の数え方として、脚部22・26の先端28に近い方を第1層12a・16aとし、コア本体21に向かって第2層12b・16b、コア本体21に最も近い層を第n層12n・16nとする。
即ち、図4において、左側の導体層12a・・12nの線材を反時計方向に巻き付けると、右側の導体層16a・・16nの線材は時計方向に巻き付けることになる。そして前記一対の脚部22・26間では、左右の導体層12a・・12n・16a・・16nの線材の対応端部同士がそれぞれ接続されて1本の線材となる。
更に、各脚部22・26に巻き付けられた各導体層12a~12nを構成する線材は、その一方の端部をそれぞれ脚部22・26毎に並列接続されて導体12・16が構成され、外部電源に接続された励磁電流供給線10・14にそれぞれ接続されている。換言すれば、並列接続された導体層12a~12nを構成する線材は、後述する図10の従来例の縦長帯状導体120・160を複数本の線材に分割した構造になる。
そして、一対の脚部22・26間では、一方の脚部22の各導体層12a~12nを構成する線材が、他方の脚部26の各導体層16a~16nを構成する線材に、各段毎にそれぞれ接続されている。
一方の励磁電流供給線10から励磁電流(パルス電流或いは交流電流)を供給すると、励磁電流は分流して一方の脚部22に巻かれた並列導体層12a~12nに反時計方向に流れ、続いて他方の脚部26に巻かれた並列導体層16a~16nに時計方向に流れ、他方の励磁電流供給線14に流れる。これにより一方の脚部22の先端28の磁極はSとなり、他方の脚部26の先端28の磁極はNとなる。
そして、一方向の励磁電流が流れ終わると、該励磁電流は反転して他方の励磁電流供給線14から反対方向の励磁電流が流れ、これが分流して他方の脚部26に巻かれた並列導体層16a~16nに時計方向に流れ、続いて一方の脚部22に巻かれた並列導体層12a~12nに反時計方向に流れ、一方の励磁電流供給線10に流れる。これにより他方の脚部22の先端28の磁極はSとなり、一方の脚部22の先端28の磁極Nとなり、磁極が反転する。これを所定周期で繰り返す。磁性体コア20の両先端28間に磁束Gが発生する。
図10は、本発明者らが開発した従来装置である。この装置には本発明の磁性体コア20と同じU字形コア200を使用し、その一対の脚部220・260に導体120・160を巻設したものである。
この導体120・160は、その断面が細長い長方形で、長辺側が脚部220・260の外周面に沿うように縦方向で巻き付けられたものである。導体120・160の長辺は脚部220・260の先端近傍からコア本体に至る縦長の帯材である。帯材の厚みは例えば、0.8mm、高さは9mmである。そして、この導体120・160の間には冷却用間隙300が設けられている。
そしてこの導体120・160に励磁電流を通電すると、上記のように一方の脚部220の先端280にN極(S極)が現れ、他方の脚部260の先端280にその反対のS極(N極)が現れる。
従来装置では、導体120・160を縦長に設置しているので、導体120・160には全高さに亘って大きな渦電流U1が流れる。そしてこの大きな渦電流U1も導体120・160の昇温の原因となることを見出した。
即ち、導体120・160は縦長に設置された幅広で1枚ものの銅帯材なので、上記電流密度の偏りと、大きな渦電流U1の発生の相乗効果により導体120・160の先端部分の温度が異常に上昇することを見出した。そのためにこのような知見を持たなかった従来装置では冷却用間隙300と、この冷却用間隙300に冷却用気体を供給する冷却機構を必要としていた。
第1の結線方法は、図4に示したように導体層12a~12n・16a~16nの各層が順方向に接続されている場合であり、第2の結線方法は図5示したように導体層12a~12n・16a~16nの各層が逆順方向に接続されている場合である。第1の結線方法とは逆である。
いずれの場合も導体12・16に励磁電流を通電すると、一方の脚部22の先端28にN極(S極)が現れ、他方の脚部26の先端28にその反対のS極(N極)が交互に現れ、両極間に磁束Gが発生する。
その結果、大幅に軽減された電流密度の偏りと、各導体層12a~12n・16a~16nの短辺上で小さく発生する渦電流U2により、導体12・16の発熱が従来例に比べて大幅に抑制される。
なお、渦電流U2は図3において各層の線材の外側に描かれているが、これは図面を見やすくするために記載したもので、実際は線材に発生する。
図8にこの場合の各導体層12a~12n・16a~16nの昇温状態を模式的に示す。各導体層12a~12n・16a~16nの温度は、大きな温度差はないものの、脚部22・26の先端28に近づく程、高温になる。
この関係は、第2層12b・16bと第(n-1)層12(n-1)・16(n-1)その他、逆順に接続された層間においても当て嵌まり、全体としてほぼ均一で抑制された励磁電流が各層の導体12・16中を流れる。
その結果、図5に示す第1結線方法に比べてより発熱を抑制することができる。なお、漏れ磁束Wによる発熱は、図5の場合と同じである。
図9にこの場合の各導体層12a~12n・16a~16nの昇温状態を模式的に示す。各導体層12a~12n・16a~16nの温度は、図8に比べて全体的に平均化される。
第1層12a’・16a’から第n層12n’・16n’を構成する導体12・16は、第1実施例と同様、導体12・16の昇温を抑制することが出来るため、上下・内外で隙間を空けることなく密着巻きすることが可能である。
即ち、一方の脚部22に巻設された各導体層12a’~12n’の巻設方向が時計回りとすれば、他方の脚部26に巻設された各導体層16a’~16n’の巻設方向は反時計回りとなり、脚部22・26間では内外の導体層12a’~12n’・16a’~16n’を構成する線材は、内外の各層毎に上記巻設方向に一致するように接続されている。
更に、前記脚部22・26に巻設された複数の導体層12a’~12n’・16a’~16n’の線材は、それぞれ脚部22・26毎に並列接続されている。
従ってこの場合、導体12・16の昇温状態は、図9のように全体的に低くある程度均一に保たれることになる。
なお、図3に脚部22・26の先端部分に対応する部分17、脚部22・26の先端部分以外の部分に対応する部分18を模式的に示す。
第1結線方法は、図6に示す通りで、脚部22・26の間において、最内側の第1層12a’・16a’同士を接続し、第2層以下、第n層に至るまで順次、外側に向かって同じ層の線材同士を接続する。
第2結線方法は、図7に示す通りで、一方の脚部22に多重に巻設された導体層12a’~12n’において、該脚部22に近い最内側の第1層12a’は、前記他方の脚部26に多重に巻設された導体層16a’~16n’で、該脚部26のコア本体21の最外層の第n層16n’に接続され、前記一方の脚部22のコア本体21の最外層の第n層12n’は、前記他方の脚部26に多重に巻設された該脚部26の最内側の第1層16a’に接続され、前記一方の脚部22の第2層12b’から第(n-1)層12(n-1)’は、前記他方の脚部26の第(n-1)層16(n-1)’から第2層16b’に逆順に接続されている。
その結果、第1層12a’・16a’を流れる励磁電流は、最外層12n’・16n’のそれよりも若干強くなる。
しかし、いずれの層もこの場合、脚部22・26の先端方向からコア本体21方向に巻き付けられているので、脚部22・26の先端部分以外に対応する部分18が律速となり、上記影響を大幅に打ち消している。
この結果、第2実施例では、第1結線方式を採用しても電流密度の偏りが第1実施例の第1結線方式と比べて大幅に少なく、昇温もよりよく抑制できる。
以上から、第2実施例の導体12・16の昇温状況は、僅かな差はあるとしても図9に示す通りとなる。
図11は、図10に示す従来例を比較例とし、第1実施例の第1結線方法と第2結線方法とを比較した時間―昇温グラフである。
図中、実線は第1実施例の第2結線方法、破線は第1実施例の第2結線方法、1点鎖線は従来例である。
そして、各線の細線は、コアの脚部の中央部分に位置する導体層の温度、太線は、コアの脚部の先端部分に位置する導体層の温度である。単位は℃である。電流源としては、コンデンサ容量120マイクロFのパルス電源を用い、出力電圧は420Vに固定して比較した。実験条件は以下の通りである。
(比較例)
導線の断面 :0.8×9mm 1本使い
電源出力電圧 :420V
磁束密度(コア間中心):0.64T
励磁電流 :1100A
(第1実施例)
導線の断面 :0.9×1.6mm 5本使い
電源出力電圧 :420V
磁束密度(コア間中心):0.62T
励磁電流 :1100A
比較例は、通電後、70秒で脚部の先端部分に位置する導体層の温度が80℃に達したが、第1実施例の第1結線方式では130秒、同第2結線方式では190秒であった。
これにより、本装置における連続磁気治療時間を大幅に長くすることが出来た。
なお、第2実施例も上記理論により、連続磁気治療時間を大幅に長くすることが出来るものと考えられる。
Claims (6)
- コア本体と、該コア本体から伸びた一対の脚部とで形成された磁性体コアと、前記脚部それぞれの周囲に巻設され、且つ多段に積み重ねられた導体層からなる導体とで構成され、
前記導体層にそれぞれ用いられる線材は、前記脚部の長手方向に平行なその断面が四角形であり、
前記一対の脚部間では、一方の脚部の各導体層を構成する線材が、他方の脚部の各導体層を構成する線材に、各段毎にそれぞれ接続されていることを特徴とする磁気刺激装置。 - 一方の脚部に多段に巻設された導体層において、該脚部の先端に近い第1層は、前記他方の脚部に多段に巻設された導体層で、該脚部の先端に近い第1層に接続され、且つ第2層以下、第n層に至るまで順次、同じ層同士が接続されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の磁気刺激装置。
- 一方の脚部に多段に巻設された導体層において、該脚部の先端に近い第1層は、前記他方の脚部に多段に巻設された導体層で、該脚部のコア本体に最も近い第n層に接続され、
前記一方の脚部のコア本体に最も近い第n層は、前記他方の脚部に多段に巻設された、該脚部の先端に近い第1層に接続され、
前記一方の脚部の第2層から第(n-1)層は、前記他方の脚部の第(n-1)層から第2層に逆順に接続されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の磁気刺激装置。 - コア本体と、該コア本体から同方向に伸びた一対の脚部とでU字形に形成された磁性体コアと、前記脚部それぞれの周囲に、その直径を違えて多重に巻設された導体層からなる導体とで構成され、
前記導体に用いられる線材は、前記脚部の長手方向に平行なその断面が四角形であり、
前記一対の脚部間では、一方の脚部の各導体層を構成する線材が、他方の脚部の各導体層を構成する線材に、内外の各層毎にそれぞれ接続されていることを特徴とする磁気刺激装置。 - 一方の脚部に多重に巻設された導体層において、該脚部に近い最内層の第1層は、前記他方の脚部に多重に巻設された導体層で、該脚部に近い最内層の第1層に接続され、且つ第2層以下、第n層に至るまで順次、同じ層同士が接続されていることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の磁気刺激装置。
- 一方の脚部に多重に巻設された導体層において、該脚部に近い最内側の第1層は、前記他方の脚部に多重に巻設された導体層で、該脚部のコア本体の最外層の第n層に接続され、
前記一方の脚部のコア本体の最外層の第n層は、前記他方の脚部に多重に巻設された該脚部の最内側の第1層に接続され、
前記一方の脚部の第2層から第(n-1)層は、前記他方の脚部の第(n-1)層から第2層に逆順に接続されていることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の磁気刺激装置。
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CN201880094270.XA CN112218680A (zh) | 2018-06-28 | 2018-06-28 | 磁刺激装置 |
US17/054,772 US12029911B2 (en) | 2018-06-28 | Magnetic stimulation device | |
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