WO2020000321A1 - 电子封签装置、电机组件及电子封签核验方法 - Google Patents

电子封签装置、电机组件及电子封签核验方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020000321A1
WO2020000321A1 PCT/CN2018/093460 CN2018093460W WO2020000321A1 WO 2020000321 A1 WO2020000321 A1 WO 2020000321A1 CN 2018093460 W CN2018093460 W CN 2018093460W WO 2020000321 A1 WO2020000321 A1 WO 2020000321A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
component
electronic seal
signal
seal device
encoder
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PCT/CN2018/093460
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
蒋凯
孙瑶
Original Assignee
西门子股份公司
蒋凯
孙瑶
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 西门子股份公司, 蒋凯, 孙瑶 filed Critical 西门子股份公司
Priority to US17/254,889 priority Critical patent/US20210207978A1/en
Priority to EP18925009.5A priority patent/EP3799275B1/en
Priority to CN201880081352.0A priority patent/CN111480285B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2018/093460 priority patent/WO2020000321A1/zh
Publication of WO2020000321A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020000321A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/244—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing characteristics of pulses or pulse trains; generating pulses or pulse trains
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
    • G01B7/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
    • G01B7/04—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring length, width or thickness specially adapted for measuring length or width of objects while moving
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
    • G01P13/00—Indicating or recording presence, absence, or direction, of movement
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F3/00—Labels, tag tickets, or similar identification or indication means; Seals; Postage or like stamps
    • G09F3/02—Forms or constructions
    • G09F3/03—Forms or constructions of security seals
    • G09F3/0305—Forms or constructions of security seals characterised by the type of seal used
    • G09F3/0341—Forms or constructions of security seals characterised by the type of seal used having label sealing means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/20—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for measuring, monitoring, testing, protecting or switching
    • H02K11/21—Devices for sensing speed or position, or actuated thereby
    • H02K11/215—Magnetic effect devices, e.g. Hall-effect or magneto-resistive elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/94—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the way in which the control signals are generated
    • H03K17/965—Switches controlled by moving an element forming part of the switch
    • H03K17/97—Switches controlled by moving an element forming part of the switch using a magnetic movable element
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/02—Mechanical actuation
    • G08B13/14—Mechanical actuation by lifting or attempted removal of hand-portable articles
    • G08B13/149—Mechanical actuation by lifting or attempted removal of hand-portable articles with electric, magnetic, capacitive switch actuation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
    • H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/94—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the way in which the control signals are generated
    • H03K17/965—Switches controlled by moving an element forming part of the switch
    • H03K17/97—Switches controlled by moving an element forming part of the switch using a magnetic movable element
    • H03K2017/9706—Inductive element
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K2217/00—Indexing scheme related to electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making or -breaking covered by H03K17/00
    • H03K2217/94—Indexing scheme related to electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making or -breaking covered by H03K17/00 characterised by the way in which the control signal is generated
    • H03K2217/94057—Rotary switches
    • H03K2217/94068—Rotary switches with magnetic detection

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of security protection, in particular to electronic seal technology.
  • a seal device is usually provided on the instrument.
  • the seal device is generally provided at an adjustable position of the instrument.
  • there is generally no automatic detection function in the existing seal device and the inspector must identify and judge whether the sealing equipment has been dismantled with the naked eye, with a high error rate and low efficiency. If the disassembled instruments and equipment are put into use, their performance may be reduced or even damaged.
  • the industry urgently needs better solutions to eliminate the above problems.
  • the encoder is set on one side of the motor and transmits the recorded motor operation information to the drive.
  • some specific compensation data of each motor will be stored in the encoder set on it, so it is necessary to ensure the matching between the motor and the encoder. If the encoder is replaced at will, the compensation data of the new encoder may not match the original motor, thereby degrading the motor performance. Therefore, it is necessary to apply the above-mentioned sealing device to such a motor and an encoder to monitor the disassembly state of both.
  • the seal device due to the structural characteristics of the motor and encoder, there are special requirements for the seal device in this application.
  • the present invention can realize the function of automatic detection, improve the safety and service life of the overall system, and effectively prevent problems such as performance degradation and even damage of the disassembled instruments during use.
  • the present invention does not require major changes to the structural design of the existing instruments and equipment, is a low-cost improvement solution, and has a good application prospect.
  • an electronic seal device which is suitable for detecting a disassembly state between a first component and a second component that are detachable from each other.
  • the electronic seal device includes: A magnet is disposed on the first member; and an induction element is disposed on the second member and is fixed relative to the magnet, wherein when a relative movement occurs between the first member and the second member, The sensing element generates a signal using the Wiegand effect, thereby realizing automatic detection.
  • the induction element is an induction coil
  • the signal is an electrical signal pulse.
  • the induction coil is a magnetic sensor. When the induction coil cuts the magnetic induction wire in a magnetic field, the induction voltage is generated, and the sensitivity is high.
  • the sensing element is a Wiegand sensor.
  • Wiegand sensors do not require an external power supply when working, and have high working stability. The requirements for the distance and temperature of the use environment are relatively low.
  • the distance between the sensing element and the magnet is less than or equal to a preset distance to ensure the normal operation of the sensing element.
  • the electronic seal device further includes: a signal recording module, adapted to receive the signal, and generate and record the flag information according to the signal.
  • the information recording module includes a ferroelectric memory, and the ferroelectric memory changes its flag data bit according to the signal to record the flag information.
  • Ferroelectric memory can be stored quickly with very low power requirements, and has non-volatile storage characteristics.
  • the signal recording module further includes: an amplification circuit and / or a filter circuit connected between the inductive element and the ferroelectric memory to enhance the electronic seal. Device anti-interference ability.
  • a motor assembly characterized in that the motor assembly includes: a motor casing, an encoder, and an electronic seal device, and the encoder is disposed in the motor casing.
  • the electronic seal device includes: a magnet, which is disposed on the motor housing; and an induction element, which is disposed on the encoder and fixed in a position opposite to the magnet, wherein when the motor casing When a relative movement occurs with the encoder, the sensing element generates a signal by using the Wiegand effect.
  • the electronic seal device includes: a signal recording module adapted to receive the signal, and generate and record flag information according to the signal, wherein the signal recording module is provided ⁇ ⁇ coder.
  • the motor assembly further includes: a control device disposed on the encoder, and the control device generates disassembly status information of the encoder according to the flag information.
  • the motor assembly further includes: a driver that controls the start and stop of the motor in the motor assembly according to the disassembly state information of the control device.
  • the electronic seal device includes two magnets, which are respectively mounted on the motor housing along the axial direction and the radial direction of the motor housing, and the code is
  • the sensor is provided with two sensing elements arranged in directions corresponding to the two magnets. According to the characteristics of the encoder disassembly and assembly, the setting positions of the magnet and the induction element are optimized to improve the detection accuracy.
  • the electronic seal device includes a magnet and an induction element, and the magnet is mounted on the motor casing along a 45-degree axial direction of the motor casing.
  • the encoder is provided with an induction element arranged in a direction corresponding to the magnet. According to the characteristics of the encoder disassembly and assembly, the setting positions of the magnet and the induction element are optimized to improve the detection accuracy.
  • an electronic seal verification method is provided, which is applicable to an assembly including an electronic seal device and a first component and a second component that are detachable from each other, and is characterized by including the following steps: S1 : When the component is started, the flag information in the signal recording module is read, wherein the electronic seal device uses the Wiegand effect to generate a signal when a relative movement occurs between the first part and the second part, and generates a signal according to the The signal changes the flag information in the signal recording module; S2: judging whether the first component and the second component are disassembled according to the flag information; and S3: stopping the first component if judged to be disassembled Operation of the component and / or the second component. It realizes automatic detection and stops operation immediately when it is found to be dismantled, improving the safety of the system.
  • the method further includes: S4: resetting the signal recording module And S5: when the component is restarted, the steps S1-S3 are re-executed, wherein the step S4 is reassembling and configuring the first component and the second component After that.
  • Each installation can be automatically initialized to improve efficiency.
  • the step S3 further includes: generating an alarm signal while stopping the operation of the first component and / or the second component. If the first part and the second part are disassembled, a warning prompt is issued to the user, thereby improving the safety of the system.
  • the first component is a motor and the second component is an encoder, wherein the step S3 further includes: if it is judged that it is dismantled, then only stopping The operation of the motor.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an electronic seal device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a motor assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line III-III in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 4 shows a partial circuit diagram of an electronic seal device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 shows a flowchart of an electronic seal verification method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the electronic seal device 10 mainly includes a magnet 12 and an induction element 14.
  • the magnet 12 is disposed on the first part, and the induction element 14 is disposed on the second part. Removable from each other; the relative position between the magnet 12 and the induction element 14 is fixed, that is, under the normal state of the first and second parts, the magnet 12 and the induction element 14 are both located in the correct installation position, and when the first part
  • the sensing element 14 can generate a signal using the Wiegand effect, that is, the electronic seal device 10 is capable of Detect the disassembly state between the first part and the second part.
  • the electronic seal device 10 may further include a signal recording module 16, which is connected to the sensing element 14, receives a signal from the sensing element 14, and generates and records logo information according to the signal.
  • the signal recording module 16 can further be connected to the control device 20, and the control device 20 can control the working state of the first component and the second component according to the flag information, so as to prevent illegal disassembly from interfering with the normal use of the equipment.
  • the inductive element 14 may be, for example, an induction coil.
  • the induction coil moves in the magnetic field of the magnet 12 to generate electrical signal pulses.
  • the induction coil is a magnetic sensor. When the induction coil is in a magnetic field, the induction coil cuts the magnetic induction line to generate an induced voltage, which has high sensitivity.
  • the sensing element 14 may be, for example, a Wiegand sensor.
  • the Wiegand sensor is composed of a specially processed magnetic bi-stable functional alloy wire (sensitive wire) and an induction coil wound around it.
  • Wiegand sensors can output voltages of 3 to 5V and can directly drive microprocessors without the need for an external power supply.
  • Wiegand sensors have relatively low temperature requirements for the operating environment and a wide operating temperature range of -196 ° C to + 300 ° C.
  • the inductive element 14 needs to be placed under a certain magnetic field strength.
  • the distance between the inductive element 14 and the magnet 12 is less than or equal to a preset distance.
  • the distance between the magnet 12 and the sensing element is not less than 15 mm.
  • the output electrical signal voltage is not less than 3V; when the working distance between the Wiegand sensor and the magnet 12 reaches 30mm, a voltage signal of more than 100mV can still be output.
  • the control device 20 may be, for example, an MCU, and the information recording module 16 may be, for example, a ferroelectric memory 162.
  • the ferroelectric memory 162 changes its flag data bit Dat0 according to a signal to record flag information.
  • Ferroelectric memory (FRAM, ferroelectric RAM) is a type of random access memory, which can be stored quickly with very low power requirements, can operate like RAM, and has extremely low power consumption when reading and writing; in addition, the content of ferroelectric memory Will not be affected by external conditions such as magnetic field factors, can be used like ordinary ROM memory, and has non-volatile storage characteristics. Taking FIG.
  • the ferroelectric memory 162 has two states of "read” and “write”, and its read and write states are controlled by the port WE.
  • Switch K1 is a three-pole double-throw switch. When switch K1 is turned to position 1 (the left position shown in Figure 4), port WE is grounded and ferroelectric memory 162 is in the "write” state.
  • Wiegand The signal generated by the sensor 14 can be input to the input port VDD of the ferroelectric memory 162, and the ferroelectric memory 162 can change its flag data bit Dat0 according to the received signal to record the flag information.
  • the initial setting of the flag data bit Dat0 of the ferroelectric memory 162 is "1".
  • the ferroelectric memory 162 After the input port VDD receives a signal from the Wiegand sensor 14, the ferroelectric memory 162 changes its flag data bit Dat0 "0"; when switch K1 is turned to position 2 (right position as shown in Figure 4), port WE is powered on and ferroelectric memory 162 is in a "read” state, that is, the MCU can pass The flag data bit Dat0 of 162 reads flag information.
  • the signal recording module 16 may further include an amplifier circuit 164 and / or a filter circuit 166 connected between the inductive element 14 and the ferroelectric memory 162.
  • the signal generated by the inductive element 14 is sometimes interfered by other factors, and there may be some secondary waves or glitches.
  • an amplifier circuit 164 and / or a filter circuit 166 may be used. After being amplified and shaped by the filter circuit 166, it becomes a pulse close to a rectangle, which can ensure that the signal recording module 16 receives the main signal of the inductive element 14 and enhances the anti-interference ability of the electronic seal device 10.
  • the encoder 2 is a precision measuring device, which is installed in the motor housing 1.
  • the encoder 2 can be installed by connecting with the shaft of the motor.
  • the encoder is a sensor that measures mechanical displacement. By converting the angular or linear displacement of mechanical rotation into an electrical signal. If the encoder is disassembled or disassembled by non-professionals, the accuracy of the compensation for the torque disturbance of the motor during the motor operation will be reduced, and the motor performance will be reduced.
  • the electronic seal device 10 composed of the magnet 12 and the induction element 14 is particularly suitable for a tamper-resistant application scenario in which the motor housing 1 and the encoder 2 have a small space and a limited internal installation space.
  • the present invention provides a motor assembly. Taking FIG. 2 as an example, the motor assembly includes a motor housing 1, an encoder 2, and an electronic seal device 10.
  • the encoder 2 is disposed in the motor housing 1.
  • the electronic seal device 10 includes a magnet 12 disposed on the motor case 1 and an induction element 14 disposed on the encoder 2. The relative position of the induction element 14 and the magnet 12 is fixed.
  • the electronic seal device 10 may include a signal recording module 16 that generates and records the flag information, and the signal recording module 16 is disposed in the encoder 2.
  • the motor assembly may further include a control device 20, which is also disposed on the encoder 2. The control device 20 generates the disassembly and assembly state information of the encoder 2 according to the flag information recorded in the signal recording module 16.
  • the motor assembly may further include a driver 3, and the driver 3 controls the start and stop of the motor in the motor assembly according to the disassembly state information of the control device 20, thereby ensuring that the motor and the encoder are driven when the driver 3 drives the motor to work. 2 are kept in the correct installation position.
  • the encoder 2 may rotate around the axis or may be displaced along the axial direction of the motor.
  • any number of magnets 12 can be arranged in the motor housing 1 in any manner, and the induction element 14 is provided in the encoder 2, and the number and position of the sensing elements 14 correspond to the magnets 12, so that when the encoder 2 rotates or moves, the sensing element 14 outputs electrical signal pulses.
  • the installation positions of the magnet 12 and the induction element 14 can be optimized to ensure that any disassembly movement will cause the induction element 14 to generate a signal and improve the detection accuracy.
  • the electronic seal device 10 includes a magnet 12 and an induction element 14.
  • the magnet 12 is mounted on the motor housing 1 along a 45-degree axial direction of the motor housing 1.
  • the electronic seal device 10 includes two magnets 12, and the two magnets 12 are respectively mounted on the motor housing 1 along the axial and radial directions of the motor housing 1, and the encoder 2 is provided with two induction elements 14 in the installation directions corresponding to the two magnets 12, respectively.
  • FIG. 5 schematically illustrates a flowchart of an electronic seal verification method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the electronic seal verification method mainly includes three steps of S1-S3.
  • Step S1 When the component is started, the flag information in the signal recording module is read.
  • the electronic seal device uses the Wiegand effect to generate a signal when the relative movement occurs between the first component and the second component, and changes the signal recording module according to the signal.
  • Step S2 judging whether the first component and the second component are disassembled according to the flag information; and step S3: stopping the operation of the first component and / or the second component if judged to be disassembled.
  • controlling the stopping of the operation of the first component and / or the second component may also generate an alarm signal to issue a warning prompt to the user, improving System security.
  • the method further includes: Step S4: resetting the flag information in the signal recording module; and Step S5: in When the component is restarted, steps S1-S3 are performed again, where step S4 is performed after reassembling the first component and the second component and configuring them.
  • the first component is a motor and the second component is an encoder 2.
  • the information recording module 16 of the electronic seal device is initialized, for example, the ferroelectric memory 162
  • the flag data bit Dat0 is restored to the initial set value "1". If it is determined in step S3 that the first part and the second part are disassembled, the operation of the motor is stopped.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
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  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
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  • Transmission And Conversion Of Sensor Element Output (AREA)

Abstract

一种电子封签装置（10）、具有该电子封签装置的电机组件以及电子封签核验方法，包括：磁铁（12），其设置于第一部件；以及，感应元件（14），其设置于第二部件并与磁铁相对位置固定，其中，当第一部件和第二部件之间发生相对移动时，感应元件利用韦根效应产生一信号，从而实现自动检测彼此可拆动的第一部件和第二部件之间的拆装状态。

Description

电子封签装置、电机组件及电子封签核验方法 技术领域
本发明涉及安全防护领域，特别涉及电子封签技术。
背景技术
为了避免非专业人员对各类仪器设备特别是精密设备拆卸或拆动，通常会在仪器设备上设置封签装置，封签装置一般设置于仪器设备可调整部位。目前，现有的封签装置中一般没有自动检测的功能，查验人员必须用肉眼识别、判断封仪器设备是否被拆动过，失误率高且效率低。被拆动后的仪器设备如果投入使用，很可能导致其性能下降甚至损坏。为了避免上述问题的发生，业界亟需有更好的方案来消除上述问题。
此外，例如在工业驱动领域，编码器设置于电机的一侧，并将记录的电机运行信息传送至驱动器。出于电机精度的考虑，每一台电机的一些特定补偿数据会存储于设置于其上的编码器中，因此需要确保电机和编码器之间的匹配。如果随意更换编码器，有可能造成新编码器的补偿数据同原电机不匹配，从而劣化电机性能。因此，将上述封签装置应用于这种电机和编码器以监控两者的拆装状态是有必要的。但，由于电机和编码器的结构特点，对这种应用中的封签装置会有特殊要求。
发明内容
针对现有技术的上述问题，本发明可以实现自动检测的功能，提高整体系统的安全性和使用寿命，有效避免被拆动后的仪器设备在使用中性能下降甚至损坏等问题的发生。此外，本发明无需对既有仪器设备的结构设计进行较大改动，是一种成本较低的改进方案，且具有较好的适用前景。
根据本发明的一个方面，提供了一种电子封签装置，适用于检测彼此可拆动的第一部件和第二部件之间的拆装状态，其特征在于，所述电子封签装置包括：磁铁，其设置于第一部件；以及，感应元件，所述感应元件设置于第二部件并与所述 磁铁相对位置固定，其中，当第一部件和第二部件之间发生相对移动时，所述感应元件利用韦根效应产生一信号，从而实现自动检测。
根据一个实施例，在上述的电子封签装置中，所述感应元件为感应线圈，所述信号为电信号脉冲。感应线圈为磁敏传感器，在磁场中时感应线圈切割磁感线产生感应电压，灵敏度高。
根据一个实施例，在上述的电子封签装置中，所述感应元件为韦根传感器。韦根传感器工作时不需要外加电源，且工作稳定性高，对于使用环境的距离和温度等要求都比较低。
根据一个实施例，在上述的电子封签装置中，所述感应元件与所述磁铁之间的距离小于或等于一预设距离，以保证感应元件正常工作。
根据一个实施例，在上述的电子封签装置中，电子封签装置进一步包括：信号记录模块，适于接收所述信号，并根据所述信号生成并记录标志信息。
根据一个实施例，在上述的电子封签装置中，所述信息记录模块包括：铁电存储器，所述铁电存储器根据所述信号改变其标志数据位以记录所述标志信息。铁电存储器能在非常低的电能需求下快速地存储，具有非易失性的存储特性。
根据一个实施例，在上述的电子封签装置中，所述信号记录模块还包括：放大电路和/或滤波电路，连接在所述感应元件和所述铁电存储器之间，增强了电子封签装置的抗干扰能力。
根据本发明的另一个方面，提供了一种电机组件，其特征在于，所述电机组件包括：电机壳体、编码器和电子封签装置，所述编码器设置于所述电机壳体内，所述电子封签装置包括：磁铁，其设置于电机壳体；以及，感应元件，所述感应元件设置于编码器并与所述磁铁相对位置固定，其中，当所述电机壳体和所述编码器之间发生相对移动时，所述感应元件利用韦根效应产生一信号。
根据一个实施例，在上述的电机组件中，所述电子封签装置包括：信号记录模块，适于接收所述信号，并根据所述信号生成并记录标志信息，其中，所述信号记录模块设置于所述编码器。
根据一个实施例，在上述的电机组件中，所述电机组件还包括：控制装置，设置于所述编码器，所述控制装置根据所述标志信息生成所述编码器的拆装状态信 息。
根据一个实施例，在上述的电机组件中，所述电机组件还包括：驱动器，所述驱动器根据所述控制装置的拆装状态信息控制所述电机组件内的电机的启停。
根据一个实施例，在上述的电机组件中，所述电子封签装置包括两个磁铁，分别沿电机壳体的轴向和径向两个方向安装于所述电机壳体，所述编码器内部设置有设置方向与所述两个磁铁分别对应的两个感应元件。针对编码器拆装的特点，优化磁铁和感应元件的设置位置，提高检测的精确度。
根据一个实施例，在上述的电机组件中，所述电子封签装置包括一个磁铁和一个感应元件，所述磁铁沿电机壳体的轴向45度方向安装于所述电机壳体，所述编码器内部设置有设置方向与所述磁铁相对应的一个感应元件。针对编码器拆装的特点，优化磁铁和感应元件的设置位置，提高检测的精确度。
根据本发明的又一个方面，提供了一种电子封签核验方法，适用于包括电子封签装置以及彼此可拆动的第一部件和第二部件的组件，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：S1：在启动所述组件时，读取信号记录模块中的标志信息，其中所述电子封签装置在所述第一部件和第二部件之间发生相对移动时利用韦根效应产生信号并根据所述信号改变所述信号记录模块中的标志信息；S2：根据所述标志信息判断所述第一部件和第二部件是否被拆动；以及S3：如果判断被拆动，则停止所述第一部件和/或所述第二部件的运行。实现自动检测，一旦发现被拆动则立即停止运行，提高系统的安全性。
根据一个实施例，在上述的电子封签核验方法中，在所述停止所述第一部件和/或所述第二部件的运行的步骤之后，进一步包括：S4：重置所述信号记录模块中的标志信息；以及S5：在重新启动所述组件时，重新执行所述步骤S1-S3，其中，所述步骤S4是在重新组装所述第一部件和第二部件，并对其进行配置之后进行的。每一次安装时均可以自动实现初始化操作，提高效率。
根据一个实施例，在上述的电子封签核验方法中，所述步骤S3进一步包括：在停止所述第一部件和/或所述第二部件的运行的同时，产生报警信号。如果第一部件和第二部件之间被拆动过则对用户发出警告提示，提高系统的安全性。
根据一个实施例，在上述的电子封签核验方法中，所述第一部件为电机且所 述第二部件为编码器，其中，所述步骤S3进一步包括：如果判断被拆动，则仅停止所述电机的运行。
应当理解，本发明以上的一般性描述和以下的详细描述都是示例性和说明性的，并且旨在为如权利要求所述的本发明提供进一步的解释。
附图说明
包括附图是为提供对本发明进一步的理解，它们被收录并构成本申请的一部分，附图示出了本发明的实施例，并与本说明书一起起到解释本发明原理的作用。附图中：
图1示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的电子封签装置示意图。
图2示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的电机组件示意图。
图3示出了沿图2中III-III线方向的剖视图。
图4示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的电子封签装置的局部电路图。
图5示出了根据本发明的一实施例的电子封签核验方法流程图。
附图标记说明：
1                 电机机壳
2                 编码器
3                 驱动器
10                电子封签装置
20                控制装置
12                磁铁
14                感应元件
16                信息记录模块
162               铁电存储器
164               放大电路
166               滤波电路
具体实施方式
现在将详细参考附图描述本发明的实施例。现在将详细参考本发明的优选实施例，其示例在附图中示出。在任何可能的情况下，在所有附图中将使用相同的标记来表示相同或相似的部分。此外，尽管本发明中所使用的术语是从公知公用的术语中选择的，但是本发明说明书中所提及的一些术语可能是申请人按他或她的判断来选择的，其详细含义在本文的描述的相关部分中说明。此外，要求不仅仅通过所使用的实际术语，而是还要通过每个术语所蕴含的意义来理解本发明。
参考图1来更详细地讨论本发明的基本原理和优选实施例。
以图1为例，根据本发明的电子封签装置10主要包括磁铁12以及感应元件14，磁铁12设置于第一部件，感应元件14设置于第二部件，第一部件和第二部件之间彼此可拆动；磁铁12与感应元件14之间的相对位置固定，即，在第一部件和第二部件正常状态下，磁铁12和感应元件14都位于正确的安装位置，而当第一部件和第二部件之间因拆卸或其他原因发生相对移动，导致磁铁12或感应元件14偏离正确位置时，感应元件14可以利用韦根效应产生一信号，也就是说，电子封签装置10是能够检测第一部件和第二部件之间的拆装状态。
电子封签装置10还可以包括一信号记录模块16，信号记录模块16与感应元件14连接，接收来自感应元件14的信号，并根据该信号生成并记录标志信息。信号记录模块16还可以进一步与控制装置20连接，控制装置20可以根据该标志信息来控制第一部件和第二部件的工作状态，防止非法拆动干扰仪器设备的正常使用。
感应元件14可以是例如感应线圈，感应线圈在磁铁12的磁场中运动使会产生电信号脉冲，感应线圈为磁敏传感器，在磁场中时感应线圈切割磁感线产生感应电压，灵敏度高。此外，根据另一实施例，感应元件14可以是例如韦根传感器。韦根传感器是由一根经特殊加工的磁双稳态功能合金丝(敏感丝)和缠绕其外的感应线圈组成的。当平行于敏感丝的某极性磁场(例如N极)达到触发磁感应强度时，敏感丝中的磁畴受到激励会发生运动，磁化方向瞬间转向同一方向，同时在敏 感丝周围空间磁场也发生瞬间变化，由此在感应线圈中感生出一个电脉冲。韦根传感器工作时不需要外加电源，即可输出3至5V的电压，能直接驱动微处理器；并且，韦根传感器对于使用环境的温度要求都比较低，工作温度范围宽达-196℃至+300℃。通常，为了保证感应元件14的工作稳定性，需要将感应元件14置于一定的磁场强度下，因此为了保证磁场强度，感应元件14与磁铁12之间的距离小于或等于一预设距离。例如，在一个实施例中，磁铁12和感应元件之间的距离不小于15mm。韦根传感器与磁铁12间的工作距离达到15mm时，输出的电信号电压不低于3V；韦根传感器与磁铁12间的工作距离达到30mm时，仍然可以输出100mV以上的电压信号。
在图4所示的电路结构中，控制装置20可以是例如MCU，信息记录模块16可以是例如铁电存储器162，铁电存储器162根据信号改变其标志数据位Dat0以记录标志信息。铁电存储器(FRAM，ferroelectric RAM)是一种随机存取存储器，它能在非常低的电能需求下快速地存储，能够像RAM一样操作，读写功耗极低；另外，铁电存储器的内容不会受到外界条件诸如磁场因素的影响，能够同普通ROM存储器一样使用，具有非易失性的存储特性。以图4为例，铁电存储器162有“读”、“写”两个状态，其读写状态由端口WE控制。开关K1是一个三刀双掷开关，当开关K1拨到位置1(如图4所示的左侧位置)时，端口WE接地，铁电存储器162处于“写”状态，与此同时，韦根传感器14产生的信号可以输入铁电存储器162的输入端口VDD，铁电存储器162可以根据接收的信号改变其标志数据位Dat0以记录标志信息。在一个实施例中，铁电存储器162的标志数据位Dat0的初始设定是“1”，当输入端口VDD接收到来自韦根传感器14的信号后，铁电存储器162将其标志数据位Dat0更改为“0”；当开关K1拨到位置2(如图4所示的右侧位置)时，端口WE上电，铁电存储器162处于“读”状态，也就是说，MCU可以通过铁电存储器162的标志数据位Dat0读取标志信息。
在一个优选的实施例中，信号记录模块16还可以包括连接在感应元件14和铁电存储器162之间的放大电路164和/或滤波电路166。感应元件14产生的信号有时会受到其他因素的干扰，可能出现一些次波或毛刺，为了消除次波和毛刺引起的干扰，可以采用放大电路164和/或滤波电路166，信号经放大电路164和经 滤波电路166放大、整形后，成为一个接近于矩形的脉冲，这样可以确保信号记录模块16接收到的是感应元件14的主信号，增强了电子封签装置10的抗干扰能力。
结合图2和图3来更详细地讨论本发明提供的电机组件的实施例。在图2和图3中，编码器2是一种精密测量设备，设置于电机壳体1中，编码器2与电机的轴连接即可实现安装，编码器是一种测量机械位移的传感器，通过把机械旋转的角位移或直线位移转换成电信号。从如果非专业人员对编码器进行拆卸或拆动，则会导致在电机工作时对电机力矩扰动的补偿的准确性下降，进而导致电机性能下降。
上述磁铁12和感应元件14构成的电子封签装置10特别适合于电机壳体1和编码器2这种间距较小且内部安装空间有限的防拆应用场景。具体的，本发明提供了一种电机组件，以图2为例，该电机组件包括电机壳体1、编码器2和电子封签装置10，编码器2设置于电机壳体1内，电子封签装置10包括设置于电机壳体1磁铁12和设置于编码器2的感应元件14，感应元件14与磁铁12相对位置固定，当电机壳体1和编码器2之间发生相对移动时，感应元件14产生一信号，从而可以自动检测编码器2是否被拆动过。在电机组件中，电子封签装置10可以包括生成并记录标志信息的信号记录模块16，信号记录模块16设置于编码器2中。电机组件还可以包括控制装置20，控制装置20也设置于编码器2，控制装置20根据信号记录模块16中记录的标志信息生成编码器2的拆装状态信息。此外，在一个实施方式中，电机组件还可以包括驱动器3，驱动器3根据控制装置20的拆装状态信息控制电机组件内的电机的启停，从而保证驱动器3驱动电机工作时，电机和编码器2均保持在正确的安装位置。
在外力作用下，编码器2可能会绕轴旋转也可能会沿着电机轴向方向发生位移，在安装时，可以将任意个数的磁铁12以任意方式设置于电机壳体1，感应元件14设置于编码器2中，感应元件14的个数和位置与磁铁12对应，这样可以保证当编码器2发生旋转或移动时，感应元件14输出电信号脉冲。针对编码器2拆装的特点，可以优化磁铁12和感应元件14的设置位置，以保证任何拆动动作都会引发感应元件14产生信号，提高检测的精确度。在一个实施例中，电子封签装置10包括一个磁铁12和一个感应元件14，磁铁12沿电机壳体1的轴向45度方向安 装于电机壳体1，编码器2内部设置有设置方向与磁铁12相对应的一个感应元件14。或者，在另一个实施例中，电子封签装置10包括两个磁铁12，两个磁铁12分别沿电机壳体1的轴向和径向两个方向安装于电机壳体1，编码器2内部设置有设置方向与两个磁铁12分别对应的两个感应元件14。
图5示意性地示出了根据本发明一个实施例的电子封签核验方法流程图。在该实施例中，电子封签核验方法主要包括S1-S3三个步骤。步骤S1：在启动组件时，读取信号记录模块中的标志信息，其中电子封签装置在第一部件和第二部件之间发生相对移动时利用韦根效应产生信号并根据信号改变信号记录模块中的标志信息；步骤S2：根据标志信息判断第一部件和第二部件是否被拆动；以及步骤S3：如果判断被拆动，则停止第一部件和/或第二部件的运行。在一个优选的实施例中，如果第一部件和第二部件之间被拆动过，控制停止第一部件和/或第二部件的运行的同时还可以产生报警信号对用户发出警告提示，提高系统的安全性。
在一个实施例中，为了进一步实现自动化控制，在停止第一部件和/或第二部件的运行的步骤之后，进一步包括：步骤S4：重置信号记录模块中的标志信息；以及步骤S5：在重新启动组件时，重新执行步骤S1-S3，其中，步骤S4是在重新组装第一部件和第二部件，并对其进行配置之后进行的。每一次安装时均可以自动实现电子封签装置的初始化操作，提高效率。在一个具体的实施例中，第一部件为电机且第二部件为编码器2，每一次编码器2安装完成后就将电子封签装置的信息记录模块16初始化，例如，将铁电存储器162的标志数据位Dat0恢复为初始设定值“1”，在步骤S3中如果判断第一部件和第二部件被拆动，则停止电机的运行。
本领域技术人员可显见，可对本发明的上述示例性实施例进行各种修改和变型而不偏离本发明的精神和范围。因此，旨在使本发明覆盖落在所附权利要求书及其等效技术方案范围内的对本发明的修改和变型。

Claims (17)

  1. 一种电子封签装置(10)，适用于检测彼此可拆动的第一部件和第二部件之间的拆装状态，其特征在于，所述电子封签装置(10)包括：
    磁铁(12)，其设置于第一部件；以及，
    感应元件(14)，所述感应元件(14)设置于第二部件并与所述磁铁(12)相对位置固定，其中，当第一部件和第二部件之间发生相对移动时，所述感应元件(14)利用韦根效应产生一信号。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的电子封签装置(10)，其特征在于，所述感应元件(14)为感应线圈，所述信号为电信号脉冲。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的电子封签装置(10)，其特征在于，所述感应元件(14)为韦根传感器。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的电子封签装置(10)，其特征在于，所述感应元件(14)与所述磁铁(12)之间的距离小于或等于一预设距离。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的电子封签装置(10)，其特征在于，进一步包括：
    信号记录模块(16)，适于接收所述信号，并根据所述信号生成并记录标志信息。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的电子封签装置(10)，其特征在于，所述信息记录模块(16)包括：
    铁电存储器(162)，所述铁电存储器(162)根据所述信号改变其标志数据位以记录所述标志信息。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的电子封签装置(10)，其特征在于，所述信号记录模 块(16)还包括：
    放大电路(164)和/或滤波电路(166)，连接在所述感应元件(14)和所述铁电存储器(162)之间。
  8. 一种电机组件，其特征在于，所述电机组件包括：电机壳体(1)、编码器(2)和电子封签装置(10)，所述编码器(2)设置于所述电机壳体(1)内，所述电子封签装置(10)包括：
    磁铁(12)，其设置于电机壳体(1)；以及，
    感应元件(14)，所述感应元件(14)设置于编码器(2)并与所述磁铁(12)相对位置固定，其中，当所述电机壳体(1)和所述编码器(2)之间发生相对移动时，所述感应元件(14)利用韦根效应产生一信号。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的电机组件，其特征在于，所述电子封签装置(10)包括：
    信号记录模块(16)，适于接收所述信号，并根据所述信号生成并记录标志信息，其中，所述信号记录模块(16)设置于所述编码器(2)。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的电机组件，其特征在于，所述电机组件还包括：
    控制装置(20)，设置于所述编码器(2)，所述控制装置(20)根据所述标志信息生成所述编码器(2)的拆装状态信息。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的电机组件，其特征在于，所述电机组件还包括：
    驱动器(3)，所述驱动器(3)根据所述控制装置(20)的拆装状态信息控制所述电机组件内的电机的启停。
  12. 如权利要求8所述的电机组件，其特征在于，所述电子封签装置(10)包括两个磁铁(12)，分别沿电机壳体(1)的轴向和径向两个方向安装于所述电机壳体(1)，所述编码器(2)内部设置有设置方向与所述两个磁铁(12)分别对 应的两个感应元件(14)。
  13. 如权利要求8所述的电机组件，其特征在于，所述电子封签装置(10)包括一个磁铁(12)和一个感应元件(14)，所述磁铁(12)沿电机壳体(1)的轴向45度方向安装于所述电机壳体(1)，所述编码器(2)内部设置有设置方向与所述磁铁(12)相对应的一个感应元件(14)。
  14. 一种电子封签核验方法，适用于包括电子封签装置以及彼此可拆动的第一部件和第二部件的组件，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    S1：在启动所述组件时，读取信号记录模块中的标志信息，其中所述电子封签装置在所述第一部件和第二部件之间发生相对移动时利用韦根效应产生信号并根据所述信号改变所述信号记录模块中的标志信息；
    S2：根据所述标志信息判断所述第一部件和第二部件是否被拆动；以及
    S3：如果判断被拆动，则停止所述第一部件和/或所述第二部件的运行。
  15. 如权利要求14所述的电子封签核验方法，其特征在于，在所述停止所述第一部件和/或所述第二部件的运行的步骤之后，进一步包括：
    S4：重置所述信号记录模块中的标志信息；以及
    S5：在重新启动所述组件时，重新执行所述步骤S1-S3，
    其中，所述步骤S4是在重新组装所述第一部件和第二部件，并对其进行配置之后进行的。
  16. 如权利要求14所述的电子封签核验方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S3进一步包括：在停止所述第一部件和/或所述第二部件的运行的同时，产生报警信号。
  17. [根据细则26改正10.09.2018]　
    如权利要求14所述的电子封签核验方法，其特征在于，所述第一部件为电机且所述第二部件为编码器，其中，所述步骤S3进一步包括：如果判断被拆动，则仅停止所述电机的运行。
PCT/CN2018/093460 2018-06-28 2018-06-28 电子封签装置、电机组件及电子封签核验方法 WO2020000321A1 (zh)

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