WO2020000292A1 - 单元式可调异形曲面模板支撑系统及浇筑成型方法 - Google Patents

单元式可调异形曲面模板支撑系统及浇筑成型方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020000292A1
WO2020000292A1 PCT/CN2018/093276 CN2018093276W WO2020000292A1 WO 2020000292 A1 WO2020000292 A1 WO 2020000292A1 CN 2018093276 W CN2018093276 W CN 2018093276W WO 2020000292 A1 WO2020000292 A1 WO 2020000292A1
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Prior art keywords
template
support
special
shaped
adjustable
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PCT/CN2018/093276
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
周业凯
郭继舟
李少祥
张仲文
赵海
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中国一冶集团有限公司
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Publication of WO2020000292A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020000292A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G17/00—Connecting or other auxiliary members for forms, falsework structures, or shutterings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G17/00—Connecting or other auxiliary members for forms, falsework structures, or shutterings
    • E04G2017/008—Pin and hole connection type

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a formwork support system used in the field of high-rise buildings, and in particular to a special-shaped curved concrete building and a method for pouring the same.
  • a formwork template is usually used for curved surface structures.
  • a special steel template is usually used, which has the disadvantages of difficult turnover, complicated production, long production cycle, large cost, and a certain impact on the construction period. . If the conventional formwork is used, the designing requirements cannot be met well, and the wood formwork is not easy to bend and make it difficult to reinforce.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, and propose a unitary adjustable profiled surface template support system, which can be prefabricated in the factory, adjusted according to the surface in the field, and installed on the site. use.
  • the unit-based adjustable special-shaped curved formwork support system provides a convenient and widely applicable method for concrete pouring.
  • the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
  • a unit-type adjustable special-shaped surface template support system which is characterized by comprising a support template, a special-shaped surface template, and an adjustable-length support cylinder.
  • the support template and the special-shaped surface template are connected together by connecting the adjustable-length support cylinder.
  • the support template is a flat template or a combined planar template, and the special-shaped surface template is a curved surface template; a cavity for pouring is formed between the support template and the special-shaped surface template
  • a cavity material is poured into the cavity, the cavity material is one of coarse sand, mortar or epoxy glue, silica gel, etc .; the template and cavity material are removed after the support is completed; the support
  • the barrel includes an internally threaded sleeve and a screw with opposite internal threads at both ends, and the other ends of the two screws are respectively screwed in from both ends of the internally threaded sleeve.
  • An adjustment hole is provided in the middle of the internally threaded sleeve. Rotate the internally threaded sleeve into the adjusting hole to adjust the length of the support cylinder.
  • the support template and the special-shaped curved surface template are connected to a support tube with adjustable length through fixed holes, and the support tube can be moved to adjust the length by selecting different fixed holes, or at the same time, the suitable horizontal position or inclined position of the support tube is selected to meet the special-shaped curved surface. Requirements for different radians and angles.
  • a rubberwood septum is provided at one end of the adjustable-length support cylinder connected to the support template, and the support cylinder is used to fix the support template through the septum; one end of the support cylinder is used to fix the irregularly-shaped curved surface template through an elastic pad.
  • a plurality of unit-type adjustable special-shaped surface template support systems are spliced into a large surface template along the arc of the surface.
  • At least one support tube preferably 4-6, and the number is determined according to the curvature of the curved surface.
  • the above-mentioned unit-type adjustable shaped curved formwork template supporting system is adopted for the pouring molding method for support.
  • the cavity material between the supporting formwork and the shaped curved formwork template is filled with the above-mentioned cavity material;
  • the surface area outside the system's special-shaped surface template is cast-in-place to form a curved reinforced concrete structure. After the curved surface reinforced concrete structure is formed, the support template, the special-shaped surface template, and the cavity material filled in the cavity are removed.
  • a removable multi-dimensional special-shaped surface template combined with a support template; the multi-dimensional special-shaped surface template and the support template are connected through an adjustable sleeve to form a unit-type adjustable special-shaped surface template support system; the support template and the special-shaped surface template A cavity for pouring is formed therebetween; a cavity material is poured in the cavity, the cavity material is one of coarse sand, mortar or epoxy glue, silica gel, etc .; the multi-dimensional special-shaped curved surface template, support template and The cavity materials are removed after the support is completed; the bottom end of the unit adjustable adjustable profile template support system is fixed to the vertical structure by an L-shaped support template; the multi-dimensional profiled template and the vertical structure are cast by concrete Area; the cavity of the multi-dimensional profiled surface template and the support template is located outside the concrete pouring area; a pad is set between the horizontal end of the L-shaped support template and the horizontal end of the bottom of the multi-dimensional profiled surface template; multiple multi-dimensional profiled surface templates are
  • the curved surface radian of the multi-dimensional special-shaped curved surface template has wavy shapes, depressions, and sharp corners.
  • the multi-dimensional special-shaped curved surface template is made of a certain flexible and rigid material, and is bent according to the curved surface design requirements until it is consistent with the curved surface design requirements.
  • the profiled surface template material is one of glass steel, plastic, iron sheet, etc .; when the profiled surface template material cannot meet the design requirements of a row of curved surfaces, BIM molding technology is used to customize the curved surface, and the multi-dimensional curved surface is preferably made of plaster, One of stone, etc.
  • the multi-dimensional profiled surface template is fixed. Fill the cavity material with the cavity of the support template; then pour the inside of the multi-dimensional special-shaped surface template. After the reinforced concrete structure cast by the inside of the multi-dimensional special-shaped surface template is formed, remove the multi-dimensional special-shaped surface template, the support template and the hollow. The cavity is filled with cavity material.
  • the present invention designs a template support system in combination with the surface structure size planned to be formed on the site.
  • a template support system in combination with the surface structure size planned to be formed on the site.
  • multiple unit adjustable adjustable curved surface support systems are required.
  • Large surface template is stitched along the arc of the surface in the horizontal direction.
  • the curved material is preferably one of glass steel, plastic, iron sheet, and the like.
  • a factory prefabrication of the support system is performed.
  • the structure is a multi-dimensional profile, it is necessary to combine BIM technology to generate a manufacturing drawing and then transfer it to a gypsum or stone processing factory to process a customized curved surface mold.
  • This surface mold will be used in conjunction with the adjustable support cylinder and support template of this patent.
  • the surface mold of the support system is designed according to the structural surface design to be constructed, and the curved surface mold is matched with the structure by adjusting the length and angle of the adjustable support cylinder.
  • the cavity material is then filled into the cavity.
  • the cavity material is one of grit, mortar, epoxy glue, and silica gel.
  • the unit-shaped profiled surface template support system of the present invention includes a support template, a profiled surface template, and a support tube with adjustable length.
  • the support template is a flat template
  • the profiled surface template is a curved template with radians
  • the support tube includes two
  • the internal thread of the end is rotated to the opposite internal threaded sleeve and screw.
  • the other ends of the two screws are respectively screwed in from the two ends of the internal threaded sleeve.
  • An adjustment hole is provided in the middle of the internal threaded sleeve.
  • An internally threaded sleeve is rotated in the hole to adjust the length of the support cylinder.
  • Two different templates are connected together by an adjustable length support cylinder to form a unit adjustable adjustable profile template support system.
  • a cavity material is poured into the cavity formed therebetween, and the formwork and the cavity material are removed after the supporting function is completed.
  • the curved surface material cannot meet the radian requirements of the structural surface, such as a multi-dimensional special-shaped curved surface, it is preferred to use BIM molding technology to customize the multi-dimensional special-shaped curved surface; the multi-dimensional special-shaped curved surface mold preferably adopts one of plaster and stone.
  • the prefabricated unit-type adjustable profiled surface formwork support system is used to match the profiled formwork with the structural design by adjusting the length and angle of the adjustable sleeve according to the profiled concrete structure at the site.
  • the construction is convenient and removable. , Can be turned around and lower cost.
  • BIM technology and mold turning technology to generate multi-dimensional special-shaped curved surface templates, the application of the patent in multi-dimensional building modeling will be enhanced, and it will have a higher universal effect.
  • the process is simple, can adopt standardized module design, factory prefabrication, easy and fast assembly, quality assurance of finished product installation, short construction period. Less labor, equipment and tools are required and simple.
  • the curved template can meet the construction requirements of curved structures with different radians, making the system turnable.
  • the multi-dimensional special-shaped curved surface mold is customized, making the patent applicable to complex multi-dimensional curved surfaces.
  • the entire system can be disassembled and turned around, which can speed up the construction and save engineering costs.
  • FIG. 1 is a top view installation structure diagram of a unit-type adjustable special-shaped curved formwork template supporting system according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a top view (filled state) of the unit-type adjustable special-shaped curved surface template supporting system of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a top view showing the structure of the adjustable-length support tube 14.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a preferred structure of the adjustable-length support tube 14.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a plurality of irregularly shaped surface templates spliced into a large surface template along the arc of the surface.
  • FIG. 6 is a front view of a mounting state of a multi-dimensional special-shaped curved surface template according to another embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 is a concrete structure after the supporting structure is removed in FIG. 6.
  • FIG. 8 is a transformation structure of FIG. 6.
  • FIG. 1-5 A unit-type adjustable special-shaped curved surface template supporting system implemented according to the present invention is shown in FIG. 1-5, which is characterized in that it includes a support template 12, a special-shaped curved surface template 11, and an adjustable-length support cylinder 14.
  • the template 12 is a flat template
  • the special-shaped curved template 11 is a curved template with radians.
  • the support cylinder 14 includes an internally threaded sleeve 4 and a screw 5 whose ends are rotated in opposite directions. The other ends of the two screws 5 are respectively Both ends of the internally threaded sleeve 4 are screwed in.
  • the internally threaded sleeve 4 is provided with an adjustment hole 10 in the middle.
  • FIG. 1 is a top view installation structure diagram of a unit-type adjustable special-shaped curved formwork template supporting system according to the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a plan view of the unit adjustable profiled surface template support system of Fig. 1 (filled state).
  • the unit adjustable profiled surface template support system is filled with cavity material 15 and the outside of the profiled surface template 11 is a pouring area to form curved steel bars. Concrete structure. It can be prefabricated at the factory and assembled into the shape shown in FIG. 1 by the support cylinder 14 and can be used on the spot, which greatly improves the convenience.
  • the support template 12 and the irregularly curved surface template 11 are connected to the fixed support cylinder 14 through fixing holes, and the support cylinder 14 is moved by selecting different fixing holes, so as to select a suitable support cylinder 14 as required.
  • the length of the support cylinder 14 can be adjusted to meet the requirements of different radians and angles of the special-shaped curved surface.
  • a septum 13 similar to a rubber wood pad is provided at one end of the adjustable-length support tube 14 connected to the support template 12, and the support tube 14 fixes the support template 12 through the septum 13; the other end of the support tube 14 is elastic
  • the spacer 16 fixes the irregularly curved template 11.
  • the multiple irregularly shaped curved surface templates 11 are spliced into a large curved surface template along the arc of the curved surface, and other conventional assembly methods in the art, such as a bolt type or a bolt type, may be used.
  • the bolt type is used to implement multiple pieces of assembly.
  • the left and right sides of the bottom row are provided with bolt pins and bolt holes.
  • the bolt levers are provided on the upper side and the bolt holes are provided on the lower side.
  • the upper row is not provided on the left and right sides. Set the bolt holes.
  • the special-shaped curved surface template 11 is made of glass fiber reinforced plastic, thin iron sheet, or plastic, which requires flexibility, but needs to have certain rigidity.
  • the supporting tube 14 has at least one, preferably 4-6, and the number of the supporting tubes 14 is determined according to the curvature of the curved surface.
  • the pouring method using the above-mentioned unit-type adjustable profiled surface template support system for support When the profiled surface template support structure is fixed and stable, the cavity material 15 is filled in the cavity between the support template 12 and the profiled surface template 11; The surface area outside the special-shaped curved template 11 of the supporting system is poured to form a curved reinforced concrete structure. After the curved reinforced concrete structure to be poured is formed, the support template 12, the special-shaped curved surface template 11, and the cavity material filled in the cavity can be used. tear down.
  • FIG. 6-7 A support structure of a special-shaped curved surface template implemented according to the present invention is shown in FIG. 6-7, which is characterized in that a multi-dimensional special-shaped curved surface template 1 is adopted for the multi-dimensional special-shaped concrete structure;
  • the cylinders 14 are connected to form a unit-type adjustable special-shaped curved template support system.
  • the unit-type adjustable special-shaped surface formwork support system is combined and fixed to a vertical structure 7 (such as a wall or a column or other foundation structure).
  • the horizontal end of the bottom of the multi-dimensional profiled surface template 1 is supported by an integral L-shaped fixing member 4 below the support template 12, and a spacer similar to a wooden template is provided between the L-shaped fixing member 4 and the bottom end. 3;
  • the cavity material of the multi-dimensional special-shaped curved surface template 1 and the support template is filled with the above-mentioned cavity material, and the cavity material 15 is one of coarse sand, mortar or epoxy glue, silica gel, and the like.
  • FIG. 8 is another modified embodiment of FIG. 6.
  • the L-shaped support template 12 is combined with the multi-dimensional special-shaped curved surface template 1 and connected through a support tube 14 with an adjustable length to form a unitary support system.
  • the horizontal end of the supporting formwork 12 bears a part of the support of the concrete pouring, and a part of the horizontal end of the supporting formwork 12 directly contacts the concrete.
  • Relevant supporting columns 6 can be used for supporting below the horizontal end of the supporting template 12.
  • Figure 6 is a front view, filled with cavity material 15, the reinforced concrete pouring area inside the multi-dimensional special-shaped curved surface template 1 has been poured, and is to be formed;
  • Figure 7 is a front view, where the reinforced concrete pouring area inside the multi-dimensional special-shaped curved surface template 1 is formed After that, the cavity material 15 and the support template 12 and the relevant support columns 6 and the adjustable length support tube 14 of the support template 12 are removed, and then the multi-dimensional special-shaped curved surface template 1 is removed to obtain the formed cast body. Templates can be recycled.
  • a plurality of multi-dimensional irregularly-shaped curved surface templates 1 may also be spliced or docked end-to-end along a curved surface to form a large curved surface template.
  • FIG. 6-7 The method for pouring and forming the multi-dimensional special-shaped curved surface template 1 based on this another embodiment is shown in FIG. 6-7.
  • the support structure of the special-shaped curved surface template is fixed and fixed, the cavity of the multi-dimensional special-shaped curved surface template 1 and the support template 12 is filled with the above. Cavity material; subsequently, concrete pouring is performed on the inside of the multi-dimensional special-shaped curved surface template 1.
  • the reinforced concrete structure is poured on the inside of the multi-dimensional special-shaped curved surface template 1
  • the multi-dimensional special-shaped curved surface template 1 and the cavity filling material 15 can be removed.
  • FIG. 8 only one multi-dimensional curved concrete structure remains.
  • the figure after removal of FIG. 8 is not given, and those skilled in the art can obtain it according to FIG. 8.
  • the special-shaped curved surface template involved in the two embodiments 1-2 of the present invention is characterized in that a material having a certain flexibility and rigidity is preferable, Design the surface radian of the structure to bend until it matches the surface radian of the design structure.
  • the material is one of glass steel, plastic, iron sheet, and the like.
  • the multi-dimensional irregular curved surface is similar to the multi-dimensional irregular curved surface of the multi-dimensional irregular curved surface template 1 in FIG. 6-7, and the BIM (building information modeling) molding technology is preferably used to customize the Special-shaped curved surface;
  • Multi-dimensional irregular-shaped curved surface is preferably one of plaster and stone.
  • the present invention uses a prefabricated unit-type adjustable profiled surface template support system to adjust the length and angle of the adjustable sleeve according to the profiled concrete structure on the site, so as to make the curved formwork and structure design. Matching, convenient construction, detachable, revolvable, low cost. And by combining BIM technology and mold turning technology to generate multi-dimensional special-shaped curved surface templates, the application of the patent in multi-dimensional building modeling will be enhanced, and it will have a higher universal effect.
  • the process is simple, and standardized module design can be adopted.
  • the factory prefabricated unit-type adjustable special-shaped curved surface support system includes a support template, a special-shaped curved surface template, and a support tube with adjustable length. Adjusted according to the curved surface of the special-shaped concrete structure on site, and assembled on site. Simple and fast construction, quality assurance of finished product installation, short construction cycle. Less labor, equipment and tools are required and simple.
  • the curved formwork can meet the construction requirements of curved structures with different radians, making the system turnable and widely applicable.
  • the entire system can be disassembled and can be turned around, which can speed up the construction speed and save engineering costs.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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  • Moulds, Cores, Or Mandrels (AREA)

Abstract

一种单元式可调异形曲面模板支撑系统及浇筑成型方法，包括支撑模板（12）、异形曲面模板（11）、和可调节长度的支撑筒（14），所述支撑模板（12）为平面模板或组合平面模板，异形曲面模板（11）为具有弧度的曲面模板；在支撑模板（12）、异形曲面模板（11）之间形成用于浇筑的空腔；空腔中浇筑空腔材料，所述空腔材料为粗砂、砂浆或环氧胶、硅胶等中的一种；所述模板（11、12）和空腔材料均在完成支护作用后拆除。通过工厂预制异形曲面模板（11），在现场通过调节可调支撑筒（14）的长度及角度，来使曲面模板（11）与结构设计相匹配，施工方便，可拆卸，可周转，成本较低，且通过结合BIM技术、翻模技术，生成多维异形曲面模板（1），将提高在多维建筑造型方面应用的适应性。

Description

单元式可调异形曲面模板支撑系统及浇筑成型方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种高层建筑领域所用的模板支撑系统，具体涉及一种异形曲面混凝土建筑及其浇筑成型方法。
背景技术
随着现代国民经济以及建筑业的快速发展，人们逐渐解锁建筑设计。各种造型新奇、形状复杂、更加能满足现代人审美标准的设计日益增多，其中包括大量设计复杂的异形曲面混凝土结构。
在异形曲面施工过程中，通常采用定型模板，对于曲面结构来说，模板通常会采用特制钢模板，存在周转困难、制作复杂、制作周期长，成本较大、且对工期有一定的影响的缺点。若采用常规模板，则无法较好地达到设计的造型要求，且木模板不容易弯曲制作，加固难度较大。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是：克服上述现有技术的不足，提出一种单元式的可调异形曲面模板支撑系统，可工厂预制加工、现场根据曲面调整、现场安装，拆模后，可周转使用。同时，基于单元式的可调异形曲面模板支撑系统，提供一种便捷适用性广的混凝土浇筑成型方法。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用如下技术方案：
一种单元式可调异形曲面模板支撑系统，其特征在于：包括支撑模板、异形曲面模板、和可调节长度的支撑筒，通过将可调节长度的支撑筒将支撑模板和异形曲面模板连接在一起组成单元式可调异形曲面模板支护系统；所述支撑模板为平面模板或组合平面模板，异形曲面模板为具有弧度的曲面模板；在支撑模板、异形曲面模板之间形成用于浇筑的空腔；空腔中浇筑空腔材料，所述空腔材料为粗砂、砂浆或环氧胶、硅胶等中的一种；所述模板和空腔材料均在完成支护作用后拆除；所述支撑筒包括两端内螺纹旋向相反的内螺纹套筒、螺杆，所述两根螺杆另一端分别从内螺纹套筒两端旋入，所述内螺纹套筒中部设有调节孔，通过将钢钎插入调节孔内旋转内螺纹套筒来调节支撑筒的长度。
进一步，所述支撑模板、异形曲面模板通过固定孔连接可调节长度的支撑筒，通过选择不同固定孔实现支撑筒移动调节长度，或同时通过选择支撑筒合适的水平位置或倾斜位置来满足异形曲面不同弧度、角度的要求。
进一步，所述可调节长度的支撑筒与支撑模板连接的一端设置橡胶木隔垫，支撑筒通 过隔垫将支撑模板固定；支撑筒一端通过弹性垫块将异形曲面模板固定。
进一步，多个单元式可调异形曲面模板支撑系统沿曲面的弧度拼接成大型曲面模板。
进一步，所述支撑筒有至少1根，优选4-6根；根数根据曲面弧度的情况确定。
采用权利上述单元式可调异形曲面模板支撑系统进行支撑的浇筑成型方法，当异形曲面模板支撑结构固定稳固后，支撑模板、异形曲面模板之间的空腔内填上述空腔材料；随后对支撑系统异形曲面模板外的曲面区域进行砼浇筑形成曲面钢筋混凝土结构，待浇筑的曲面钢筋混凝土结构成型后，拆除支撑模板、异形曲面模板、和空腔内填的空腔材料。
针对多维曲面，我们还提供另一种单元式可调异形曲面模板支撑系统。
其特征在于：包括可拆卸的与支撑模板结合的多维异形曲面模板；多维异形曲面模板与支撑模板通过可调套筒连接，形成单元式可调异形曲面模板支撑系统；在支撑模板、异形曲面模板之间形成用于浇筑的空腔；空腔中浇筑空腔材料，所述空腔材料为粗砂、砂浆或环氧胶、硅胶等中的一种；所述多维异形曲面模板、支撑模板和空腔材料均在完成支护作用后拆除；所述单元式可调异形曲面模板支撑体系底部端通过L型支撑模板固定在竖向结构上；多维异形曲面模板与竖向结构之间为砼浇筑区域；多维异形曲面模板与支撑模板的空腔位于砼浇筑区域外侧；L型支撑模板水平端和多维异形曲面模板底部水平端之间设置垫块；多个多维异形曲面模板在水平方向，沿曲面的弧度拼接或首尾对接成大型曲面模板。
进一步，多维异形曲面模板的曲面弧度具有波浪形和凹陷以及尖角折点，所述多维异形曲面模板采用具有一定柔性、刚性的材料，根据曲面弧度设计要求进行弯曲直至与曲面弧度设计要求一致。
进一步，所述异形曲面模板材料为玻璃钢、塑料、铁皮等中的一种；当所述异形曲面模板材料无法满足一行曲面弧度设计要求时，采用BIM成型技术定制曲面，多维异形曲面优选采用石膏、石材等中的一种。
采用该另一种单元式可调异形曲面模板支撑系统的浇筑成型方法，当单元式可调异形曲面模板支撑系统固定到竖向结构上，异形曲面模板支撑结构固定稳固后，在多维异形曲面模板与支撑模板的空腔内填上述空腔材料；随后在多维异形曲面模板的内侧进行砼浇筑，待多维异形曲面模板内侧砼浇筑的钢筋混凝土结构成型后，拆除多维异形曲面模板、支撑模板和空腔内填空腔材料。
由此，本发明在入场施工前，结合现场计划成型的曲面结构尺寸，进行模板支撑体系设计，当弧度角度，或施工面较大时，需要采用多个单元式可调异形曲面支撑系统，在水 平方向沿曲面的弧度拼接成大型曲面模板。该曲面弧度材料优选为玻璃钢、塑料、铁皮等中的一种。
在设计完成后，进行该支撑体系的工厂化预制。当结构为多维异形时，需要结合BIM技术，生成制造图后，移交给石膏或石材加工厂，加工成型定制化的曲面面模。该面模将与本专利的可调式支撑筒、支撑模板配套使用。
在支撑体系运抵现场后，将该支撑体系的面模，根据即将施工的结构曲面设计，通过调节可调支撑筒的长度以及角度，使曲面面模与结构相匹配。随后在空腔内内填空腔材料。所述空腔材料为粗砂、砂浆或环氧胶、硅胶等中的一种。
当异形曲面模板支撑结构固定稳固后，在异形曲面模板的内侧进行砼浇筑，待内侧砼浇筑的钢筋混凝土结构成型后，异形曲面模板和空腔内填空腔材料均可拆除。
本发明的单元式异形曲面模板支撑系统包括支撑模板、异形曲面模板、和可调节长度的支撑筒，所述支撑模板为平面模板，异形曲面模板为具有弧度的曲面模板，所述支撑筒包括两端内螺纹旋向相反的内螺纹套筒、螺杆，所述两根螺杆另一端分别从内螺纹套筒两端旋入，所述内螺纹套筒中部设有调节孔，通过将钢钎插入调节孔内旋转内螺纹套筒来调节支撑筒的长度，通过将可调节长度的支撑筒将两个不同的模板连接在一起组成单元式可调异形曲面模板支护系统，在支撑模板、异形曲面模板之间形成的空腔中浇筑空腔材料，所述模板和空腔材料均在完成支护作用后拆除。当所述曲面材料无法满足结构曲面弧度要求时，如多维异形曲面，优选采用BIM成型技术定制该多维异形曲面；多维异形曲面面模优选采用石膏、石材等中的一种。
本发明中通过工厂预制单元式可调异形曲面模板支撑系统，在现场根据异形曲面混凝土结构，通过调节可调套筒的长度及角度，来使曲面模板与结构设计相匹配，施工方便，可拆卸，可周转，成本较低。且通过结合BIM技术、翻模技术，生成多维异形曲面模板，将提高该专利在多维建筑造型方面的应用，具有更高的普遍效应。
采用上述技术方案，其有益的效果在于：
工艺简单，可采用标准化模块设计，工厂预制，组装简便、快捷，成品安装质量保证，施工周期短。所需人工、设备及工机具较少且简单。
通过可调支撑筒的长度以及角度的调节，可以使曲面模板满足不同弧度的曲面结构施工要求，使该体系具有周转性
通过采用BIM技术结合石膏、石材胎膜生产工艺，定制多维异形曲面面模，使该专利适用于复杂的多维曲面。
整个体系可拆卸、可周转，能够加快施工速度，能够节约工程成本。
附图说明
图1为根据本发明实施的一种单元式可调异形曲面模板支撑系统俯视安装结构图。
图2为图1的单元式可调异形曲面模板支撑系统俯视图(填充状态)。
图3为可调节长度的支撑筒14结构显示俯视图。
图4为可调节长度的支撑筒14一个优选结构示意图。
图5为多个异形曲面模板沿曲面的弧度拼接成大型曲面模板结构示意图。
图6另一实施例的多维异型曲面模板安装状态正视图。
图7为图6拆除支撑结构后的混凝土结构。
图8为图6一种变换结构。
具体实施方式
实施例1：
根据本发明实施的一种单元式可调异形曲面模板支撑系统如图1-5所示，其特征在于：包括支撑模板12、异形曲面模板11、和可调节长度的支撑筒14，所述支撑模板12为平面模板，异形曲面模板11为具有弧度的曲面模板，所述支撑筒14包括两端内螺纹旋向相反的内螺纹套筒4、螺杆5，所述两根螺杆5另一端分别从内螺纹套筒4两端旋入，所述内螺纹套筒4中部设有调节孔10，通过将钢钎插入调节孔10内旋转内螺纹套筒4来调节支撑筒2的长度如图1-4，通过将可调节长度的支撑筒14将两个不同的模板连接在一起组成单元式可调异形曲面模板支护系统如图1，在支撑模板12、异形曲面模板11之间形成的空腔中浇筑空腔材料15如图2，所述空腔材料15为粗砂、砂浆或环氧胶、硅胶等中的一种；所述模板和空腔材料15均在完成支护作用后拆除。图1为根据本发明实施的一种单元式可调异形曲面模板支撑系统俯视安装结构图。图2为图1的单元式可调异形曲面模板支撑系统俯视图(填充状态)，单元式可调异形曲面模板支撑系统填充了空腔材料15，异形曲面模板11外侧为浇筑区，以便形成曲面钢筋混凝土结构。在工厂就可预制并通过支撑筒14组装成图1的样子，拿到现场即可使用，大幅提高了便利性。
进一步的，如图3和4所示，所述支撑模板12、异形曲面模板11通过固定孔连接固定支撑筒14，通过选择不同固定孔实现支撑筒14移动，以根据需要选择支撑筒14合适的水平或倾斜位置，同时可通过调节支撑筒14的长度，来满足异形曲面不同弧度、角度的要求。
进一步的，所述可调节长度的支撑筒14与支撑模板12连接的一端设置类似于橡胶木垫的隔垫13，支撑筒14通过隔垫13将支撑模板12固定；支撑筒14另一端通过弹性垫块16将异形曲面模板11固定。
进一步的，如图5所示，多个异形曲面模板11沿曲面的弧度拼接成大型曲面模板，可以采用插销式或螺栓式等其他本领域常规拼装方法。
如图5采用插销式实现多块拼装，底排左右两边，一边设置插销杆，一边设置插销孔，上边设置插销杆，下部设置插销孔；上排就是左右两边不设置，上边设置插销杆，下部设置插销孔。
异形曲面模板11材质为玻璃钢、薄铁皮、塑料中的一种，要求柔性，但需要具有一定的刚度。
进一步的，所述支撑筒14有至少1根，优选4-6根；根数根据曲面弧度的情况确定。
利用上述单元式可调异形曲面模板支撑系统进行支撑的浇筑成型方法，当异形曲面模板支撑结构固定稳固后，支撑模板12、异形曲面模板11之间的空腔内填上述空腔材料15；随后对支撑系统异形曲面模板11外的曲面区域进行砼浇筑形成曲面钢筋混凝土结构，待浇筑的曲面钢筋混凝土结构成型后，支撑模板12、异形曲面模板11、和空腔内填的空腔材料均可拆除。
实施例2：
根据本发明实施的一种异形曲面模板支撑结构如图6-7所示，其特征在于：针对多维异形混凝土结构采用多维异形曲面模板1；该多维异形曲面模板1与支撑模板12通过可调套筒14连接，形成单元式可调异形曲面模板支撑体系。单元式可调异形曲面模板支撑体系结合固定到竖直的竖向结构7(如墙体或立柱或其他基础结构)上。
如图6-7所示，该多维异形曲面模板1底部水平端端通过支撑模板12下方一体的L型固定件4支撑，L型固定件4和底部端之间设置类似于木模板的垫块3；多维异形曲面模板1与支撑模板的空腔内填上述空腔材料，所述空腔材料15为粗砂、砂浆或环氧胶、硅胶等中的一种。
图8是图6的另一种变换实施方式。该方式中L形状的支撑模板12与多维异形曲面模板1组合，并通过可调节长度的支撑筒14连接形成单元式支撑系统。支撑模板12水平端承担一部分砼浇筑的支撑，并有一部分支撑模板12水平端直接与混凝土接触。支撑模板12水平端下方采用相关支撑立柱6进行支撑即可。
图6为正视图，填充有空腔材料15，已经浇筑了多维异形曲面模板1内侧的钢筋混凝 土浇筑区，待成型；图7为正视图，待多维异形曲面模板1内侧的钢筋混凝土浇筑区域成型后，拆除空腔材料15和支撑模板12以及支撑模板12的相关支撑立柱6和可调节长度的支撑筒14，之后再拆除多维异形曲面模板1，就得到成型后的浇筑体，而拆下的模板可以循环使用。
本实施方式中，多个多维异形曲面模板1也可以沿曲面的弧度拼接或首尾对接成大型曲面模板。
基于该另一种实施例的多维异形曲面模板1的浇筑成型方法如图6-7所示，当异形曲面模板支撑结构固定稳固后，多维异形曲面模板1与支撑模板12的空腔内填上述空腔材料；随后在多维异形曲面模板1的内侧进行砼浇筑，待多维异形曲面模板1内侧砼浇筑的钢筋混凝土结构成型后，多维异形曲面模板1和空腔内填空腔材料15均可拆除，如图7所示仅剩一个多维曲面混凝土结构。同理，图8拆除后的图未给出，本领域技术人员可以根据图8得到。
本发明两个实施例1-2中所涉及的异形曲面模板，如图1的异形曲面模板11或者图7的多维异形曲面模板1，其特征在于：优选具有一定柔性、刚性的材料，可根据设计结构的曲面弧度，来进行弯曲，直至与设计结构曲面弧度一致。所述材料为玻璃钢、塑料、铁皮等中的一种。
当所述曲面材料无法满足结构曲面弧度要求时，如多维异形曲面类似于图6-7的多维异形曲面模板1的有凹陷的多维异形曲面，优选采用BIM(building information modelling)成型技术定制该多维异形曲面；多维异形曲面优选采用石膏、石材等中的一种。
由此，相对于现有技术，本发明通过工厂预制单元式可调异形曲面模板支撑系统，在现场根据异形曲面混凝土结构，通过调节可调套筒的长度及角度，来使曲面模板与结构设计相匹配，施工方便，可拆卸，可周转，成本较低。且通过结合BIM技术、翻模技术，生成多维异形曲面模板，将提高该专利在多维建筑造型方面的应用，具有更高的普遍效应。
具体有以下优点：
1、工艺简单，可采用标准化模块设计，工厂预制单元式可调异形曲面支撑系统，包括支撑模板、异形曲面模板、和可调节长度的支撑筒。在现场根据异形混凝土结构的曲面进行调整，现场组装。施工简便、快捷，成品安装质量保证，施工周期短。所需人工、设备及工机具较少且简单。
2、通过可调支撑筒的长度以及角度的调节，可以使曲面模板满足不同弧度的曲面结 构施工要求，使该体系具有周转性以及广的适用性。
3、通过采用BIM技术结合石膏、石材胎膜生产工艺，定制多维异形曲面面模，使该专利适用于复杂的多维曲面。
4、整个体系可拆卸、可周转，能够加快施工速度，能够节约工程成本。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种单元式可调异形曲面模板支撑系统，其特征在于：包括支撑模板、异形曲面模板、和可调节长度的支撑筒，通过将可调节长度的支撑筒将支撑模板和异形曲面模板连接在一起组成单元式可调异形曲面模板支护系统；所述支撑模板为平面模板或组合平面模板，异形曲面模板为具有弧度的曲面模板；在支撑模板、异形曲面模板之间形成用于浇筑的空腔；空腔中浇筑空腔材料，所述空腔材料为粗砂、砂浆或环氧胶、硅胶等中的一种；所述模板和空腔材料均在完成支护作用后拆除；所述支撑筒包括两端内螺纹旋向相反的内螺纹套筒、螺杆，所述两根螺杆另一端分别从内螺纹套筒两端旋入，所述内螺纹套筒中部设有调节孔，通过将钢钎插入调节孔内旋转内螺纹套筒来调节支撑筒的长度。
  2. 如权利要求1所述单元式可调异形曲面模板支撑系统，其特征在于：所述支撑模板、异形曲面模板通过固定孔连接可调节长度的支撑筒，通过选择不同固定孔实现支撑筒移动调节长度，或同时通过选择支撑筒合适的水平位置或倾斜位置来满足异形曲面不同弧度、角度的要求。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述单元式可调异形曲面模板支撑系统，其特征在于：所述可调节长度的支撑筒与支撑模板连接的一端设置橡胶木隔垫，支撑筒通过隔垫将支撑模板固定；支撑筒一端通过弹性垫块将异形曲面模板固定。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2所述单元式可调异形曲面模板支撑系统，其特征在于：多个单元式可调异形曲面模板支撑系统沿曲面的弧度拼接成大型曲面模板。
  5. 如权利要求1所述单元式可调异形曲面模板支撑系统，其特征在于：所述支撑筒有至少1根，优选4-6根；根数根据曲面弧度的情况确定。
  6. 一种采用权利要求1-5之一所述单元式可调异形曲面模板支撑系统进行支撑的浇筑成型方法，当异形曲面模板支撑结构固定稳固后，支撑模板、异形曲面模板之间的空腔内填上述空腔材料；随后对支撑系统异形曲面模板外的曲面区域进行砼浇筑形成曲面钢筋混凝土结构，待浇筑的曲面钢筋混凝土结构成型后，拆除支撑模板、异形曲面模板、和空腔内填的空腔材料。
  7. 一种单元式可调异形曲面模板支撑系统，其特征在于：包括可拆卸的与支撑模板结合的多维异形曲面模板；多维异形曲面模板与支撑模板通过可调套筒连接，形成单元式可调异形曲面模板支撑系统；在支撑模板、异形曲面模板之间形成用于浇筑的空腔；空腔中浇筑空腔材料，所述空腔材料为粗砂、砂浆或环氧胶、硅胶等中的一种；所述多维异形曲面模板、支撑模板和空腔材料均在完成支护作用后拆除；所述单元式可调异形曲面模板支撑体系 底部端通过L型支撑模板固定在竖向结构上；多维异形曲面模板与竖向结构之间为砼浇筑区域；多维异形曲面模板与支撑模板的空腔位于砼浇筑区域外侧；L型支撑模板水平端和多维异形曲面模板底部水平端之间设置垫块；多个多维异形曲面模板在水平方向，沿曲面的弧度拼接或首尾对接成大型曲面模板。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的单元式可调异形曲面模板支撑系统，其特征在于：多维异形曲面模板的曲面弧度具有波浪形和凹陷以及尖角折点，所述多维异形曲面模板采用具有一定柔性、刚性的材料，根据曲面弧度设计要求进行弯曲直至与曲面弧度设计要求一致。
  9. 根据权利要求1或8所述的单元式可调异形曲面模板支撑系统，其特征在于：所述异形曲面模板材料为玻璃钢、塑料、铁皮等中的一种；当所述异形曲面模板材料无法满足一行曲面弧度设计要求时，采用BIM成型技术定制曲面，多维异形曲面优选采用石膏、石材等中的一种。
  10. 一种采用权利要求7-9之一单元式可调异形曲面模板支撑系统的浇筑成型方法，当单元式可调异形曲面模板支撑系统固定到竖向结构上，异形曲面模板支撑结构固定稳固后，在多维异形曲面模板与支撑模板的空腔内填上述空腔材料；随后在多维异形曲面模板的内侧进行砼浇筑，待多维异形曲面模板内侧砼浇筑的钢筋混凝土结构成型后，拆除多维异形曲面模板、支撑模板和空腔内填空腔材料。
PCT/CN2018/093276 2018-06-25 2018-06-28 单元式可调异形曲面模板支撑系统及浇筑成型方法 WO2020000292A1 (zh)

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