WO2019232710A1

WO2019232710A1 - Comprehensive performance test platform for axial tension, bending, tension, and vibration of composite material

Info

Publication number: WO2019232710A1
Application number: PCT/CN2018/090076
Authority: WO
Inventors: 李晖; 邵震; 罗忠; 张瑞垚; 罗忠卓; 张文彬; 蒋壮; 韩清凯
Original assignee: 东北大学
Priority date: 2018-06-05
Filing date: 2018-06-06
Publication date: 2019-12-12
Also published as: CN108982212A; JP6900068B2; JP2020528135A; CN108982212B

Abstract

A comprehensive performance test platform for axial tension, bending, torsion, and vibration of a composite material, comprising a tension unit, a bending unit, a torsion unit, and a vibration unit. A fixed end (100) of a clamping device is fixed on a workbench (10); a movable end (200) of the clamping device is fixed on the torsion unit; bending loading of a test sample is realized by the bending unit; vibration of the vibration unit is caused by eccentric rotation of a workpiece caused by the bending unit. The performance test platform integrates static tests of three single-load loading and multi-load composite loading of tension, bending and torsion, and can realize rotating motion in any combination of tension, bending and torsion, provides an effective test platform for researching the influence of multiple loads on the performance of a material and a change rule of other performance parameters, and solves the problems in the prior art of complex operation, poor compatibility and the like.

Description

Testing platform for comprehensive performance of composite material under tension, bending, torsion and vibration

Technical field

The invention relates to the field of testing technology, in particular to a comprehensive performance testing platform for shaft tension and compression, bending, torsion and vibration.

Background technique

Since the birth of human civilization, materials have been closely related to human life. With the rapid development of industrial science and technology, materials have not only penetrated into people's daily life, but also have been widely used in aerospace, marine engineering, biomedical engineering, mechatronics, microelectronics and other fields. Due to insufficient research on the damage mechanism and performance evolution law of materials under actual conditions of use, material failures occur from time to time due to improper selection of materials or improper maintenance. The major accidents caused by this are too numerous to hinder. The effective use of resources also seriously threatens the lives and property of the people.

Under different working conditions such as pressure fluctuations, frequent intermittent operations, and complicated external forces, the life of the equipment depends not only on the unidirectional static or dynamic performance of the material's tension, compression, torsion, bending, and vibration, but also on the tension, compression, bending, and torsion. Interaction of vibration. The static and dynamic material properties under complex working conditions are directly related to the safety of modern industrial equipment. Therefore, in order to ensure the stable and reliable use of materials, it is necessary to test the mechanical properties of materials, as well as tensile, compression, bending, and twisting of materials in product quality testing, quality control of production processes, material science research, and teaching experiments. Research under the interaction of vibration, fatigue and fatigue.

At present, most materials performance testing instruments are limited to testing based on a single mechanical characteristic or static and dynamic loading. Traditional testing methods cannot fully study the performance of materials in actual complex working conditions, so research materials Mechanical properties and damage mechanisms under the combined loading of tension, compression, bending, torsion and vibration, to simulate the stress state of materials under different working conditions, and to provide theoretical basis for comprehensive application of material performance testing, which is important for material applications Guiding role, to a certain extent, promotes the exploration of the material's deformation and damage mechanism under complex conditions, and will also have a positive effect on social and economic development. It solves the problems of complicated operation and poor compatibility in the current technology. It has the characteristics of simple operation, high integration, compact structure, diversified test modes, and abundant test content.

Summary of the Invention

In order to solve the above technical problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a comprehensive performance testing platform for tensile, compression, bending, torsion and vibration of composite materials. The specific technical solution is as follows:

A composite material shaft tensile-compression, bending, torsion, and vibration comprehensive performance testing platform is characterized in that it includes a tension-compression unit, a bending unit, a torsion unit, and a vibration unit; a fixed end 100 of a clamping device is fixed on a workbench 10; The movable end 200 of the clamping device is fixed on the torsion unit; the torsion unit is fixed to the tension-compression support base 13 of the movable end 200; the tension-compression unit includes a tension-compression support base 13, and a threaded hole is provided at the lower part of the tension-compression support base 13, so The threaded hole is matched with a first lead screw 21, the first lead screw 21 rotates coaxially with the worm gear 22, the worm gear 22 is engaged with a worm 23, and the worm 23 is fixed to the output end of the tension and compression motor 24; The torsion unit includes a torsion motor 4, the output shaft of the torsion motor 4 is fixed to the driving wheel 3, the driving wheel 3 is engaged with the idler wheel 2, the idler wheel 2 is engaged with the driven wheel 1, and the driven wheel 1 is connected to the movable end of the clamping device 200 is fixed; the bending unit includes a bending support 7 which is provided with a threaded hole at the lower part, the threaded hole is matched with the second screw 16, and the second screw 16 rotates coaxially with the manual worm wheel 15 , Above the curved support 7 is provided through A bearing is provided in the through hole, and the bending chuck 5 is fixed on the chuck base 6, and the chuck base 6 is provided in the bearing hole; the vibration of the vibration unit is the eccentric rotation of the workpiece 9 caused by the bending unit described above. Caused by; a spoke tension pressure sensor 20 is arranged between the tension and compression support base 13 of the movable end 200 and the workpiece 9 to detect tension or pressure, and a laser displacement sensor 19 is also used to measure the axial length of the workpiece 9 during tension and compression Variations, the laser displacement sensor 19 is fixed on the support frame 8 and the support frame 8 is fixed on the workbench 10; the torque sensor 11 is provided on the fixed end 100 of the clamping device for detecting the torque generated by the torsion; the micro displacement The sensor 17 is provided on the bending chuck 5 for detecting bending deflection; the vibration is measured by a scanning laser Doppler vibrometer 18, and the scanning laser Doppler vibrometer 18 is provided on a support frame 8; A bearing 29 is provided in the tension and compression support base 13 of the fixed end 100 and the movable end 200 of the clamping device, and the tension and compression connection shafts 12 at both ends are fixed to the bearing 29. The other end of the tension and compression connection shaft 12 and the clamp Specific 14 fixed, industrial The piece 9 is fixed on two clips 14.

The manual worm gear 15 is engaged with a manual worm 25, and a handle 26 is provided at one end of the manual worm 25.

The bending chuck 5 is provided with four jaws, one of which is a driving jaw 503, and the driving jaw 503 can move in the radial direction of the bending chuck 5; the positioning jaw corresponding to the driving jaw 503 is The positioning surfaces of the claws 501, the driving claws 503, and the positioning claws 501 match the shape of the workpiece 9. The remaining two are the balance claws 502, and a movable balance block is provided on the balance claws 502 to offset the bending chuck 5. A detachable expansion sleeve is arranged on the outside of the claw to maintain the deformation caused by bending.

An electromagnetic clutch 28 is provided on the tension-compression connection shaft 12 of the fixed end 100 of the clamping device, and the electromagnetic clutch 28 limits the rotation of the tension-compression connection shaft 12 when the electromagnetic clutch 28 is closed; a torque limiter is also provided on the tension-compression connection shaft 12 of the fixed end 100. 27. One side of the torque limiter 27 is connected to the workpiece 9, and the other side is connected to a torque sensor 11. The torque sensor 11 is connected to an electromagnetic clutch 28, and the electromagnetic clutch 28 is fixed to the table 10.

The tension-compression connection shaft 12 of the movable end 200 of the clamping device is composed of two parts, namely a bearing connection shaft 121 and a workpiece connection shaft 122. The spoke tension pressure sensor 20 is disposed on the bearing connection shaft 121 and the workpiece connection shaft 122. In between, the slip ring 32 is fixed on the spoke tension pressure sensor 20, and the rotor output line of the slip ring 32 is connected to the lead of the spoke tension pressure sensor 20.

One end of the workpiece connection shaft 122 is provided with a thread, and the thread is matched with the rotation chuck 30; the rotation chuck 30 is rotatably connected with the clamp member 14; the clamp member 14 has a wedge block 31 inside, and the outside of the wedge block 31 It comes into contact with the inside of the clip 14.

The advantage of the invention is that it provides static testing that integrates three types of single load loading: tension, compression, bending, and torsion, and combined loading of multiple loads, and can realize rotary motion under any combination of tension, compression, bending, and torsion, thereby performing The vibration test simulates different working conditions in actual production, and establishes a load-space coupling model of composite load loading. It provides an effective test platform for studying the influence of multiple loads on the material properties and the change law of other performance parameters, to a certain extent. The research on the deformation and damage mechanism of materials under actual complex working conditions has been promoted, and the problems of complicated operation and poor compatibility of the current technology have been solved. It has simple operation, high integration, compact structure, diversified test modes, and can provide The test content is rich and so on.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

2 is a schematic structural diagram of a bending unit;

3 is a schematic diagram of a chuck structure;

4 is a schematic structural diagram of a fixed end of a clamping device;

5 is a schematic structural diagram of a movable end of a clamping device;

In the figure, 100. the fixed end of the clamping device; 200. the movable end of the clamping device; 1. driven wheel; 2. idler wheel; 3. driving wheel; 4. torsion motor; 5. bending chuck; 6. card Disk base; 7. Curved support; 8. Support frame; 9. Work piece; 10. Workbench; 11. Torque sensor; 12. Pull and press connection shaft; 13. Pull and press support; 14. Clamp specific; 15. Manual Worm gear; 16. Second screw; 17. Miniature displacement sensor; 18. Scanning laser Doppler vibrometer; 19. Laser displacement sensor; 20. Spoke tension pressure sensor; 21. First lead screw; 22. Worm gear 23. Worm; 24. Pull-press motor; 25. Manual worm; 26. Handle; 501. Positioning claw; 502. Balance claw; 503. Drive claw; 504. Disc gear; 505. Bevel gear; 27. Torque limiter; 28. Electromagnetic clutch; 29. Bearing; 30. Rotating chuck; 31. Wedge block; 32. Slip ring; 121. Bearing connection shaft; 122. Workpiece connection shaft.

Detailed ways

The following describes the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. As shown in the figure, a composite material shaft tensile-compression, bending, torsion, and vibration comprehensive performance testing platform of the present invention includes a tension-compression unit, a bending unit, a torsion unit, and a vibration unit; a clamping device The fixed end 100 is fixed on the workbench 10; the movable end 200 of the clamping device is fixed on the torsion unit; the torsion unit is fixed to the tension and compression support base 13 of the movable end 200; the tension and compression unit includes the tension and compression support base 13, A threaded hole is provided in the lower part of the pull-and-press support base 13, and the threaded hole is matched with the first screw 21, and the first screw 21 rotates coaxially with the worm gear 22, the worm gear 22 is engaged with the worm 23, and the worm 23 and The output end of the tension and compression motor 24 is fixed. During the stretching or compression process, a restoring force will be formed inside the workpiece 9, and the worm gear and worm drive can realize self-locking in the restoring direction, thereby ensuring the test accuracy. The torsion unit includes a torsion motor 4, the output shaft of the torsion motor 4 is fixed to the driving wheel 3, the driving wheel 3 is engaged with the idler wheel 2, the idler wheel 2 is engaged with the driven wheel 1, and the driven wheel 1 and the clamping device move The end 200 is fixed. Therefore, the rotation of the driven wheel drives the chuck of the movable end to rotate, which in turn drives one end of the workpiece, and the chuck at the other end of the workpiece is restricted by the torque limiter 27 and the electromagnetic clutch 28; the bending unit includes a bending A support 7 is provided with a threaded hole at the lower portion of the curved support 7 which cooperates with the second screw rod 16 which rotates coaxially with the manual worm wheel 15 so that the manual worm wheel can be rotated. Drive the bending support 7 to move in the axial direction of the second lead screw, thereby adjusting the stress point of the workpiece; a through hole is provided above the bending support 7, a bearing is arranged in the through hole, and the bending chuck 5 is fixed on the chuck base. 6, the chuck seat 6 is disposed in the bearing hole, and four bending claws are provided on the bending chuck 5, one of which is a driving claw 503. Direction movement; the driving mode is manual, that is, manual Hand driven by a screw nut block axially movable on the drive pawl, the drive pawl is provided on the nut block, the structure is similar to the lathe chuck, but is merely a pawl driving movement;

The vibration of the vibration unit is caused by the eccentric rotation of the workpiece 9 caused by the bending unit described above.

A spoke tension pressure sensor 20 is provided between the tension and compression support 13 of the movable end 200 and the workpiece 9 to convert the amount of pressure into an electrical signal for detecting tension or pressure. A laser displacement sensor 19 is also used to measure the tension and compression of the workpiece 9 When the axial length changes, the laser displacement sensor 19 is fixed on a support frame 8 which is fixed on the workbench 10; the torque sensor 11 is provided on the fixed end 100 of the clamping device and is used to detect the occurrence of torsion The micro-displacement sensor 17 is provided on the bending chuck 5 for detecting bending deflection; the vibration is measured by a scanning laser Doppler vibrometer 18, which is arranged on a support The bearing 8 is provided in the tension and compression support 13 of the fixed end 100 and the movable end 200 of the clamping device, and the tension and compression connection shafts 12 at both ends are fixed on the bearing 29. The bearing 29 mainly bears axial tensile or compressive force and can realize rotary motion. Therefore, a thrust spherical roller bearing with better axial load capacity is selected to simulate the rotation shaft bearing the tensile and compressive load in actual working conditions. Force Condition; the other end of the tension and compression of the connecting shaft 14 is fixed to the clamp body, clamp the workpiece 9 is fixed at two specific 14 12.

The manual worm gear 15 meshes with the manual worm 25, and a handle 26 is provided at one end of the manual worm 25 to facilitate manual adjustment of the bending loading point and achieve loading at any axial position.

The bending chuck 5 is provided with four jaws, one of which is a driving jaw 503, and the driving jaw 503 can move in the radial direction of the bending chuck 5; the positioning jaw corresponding to the driving jaw 503 is The positioning surfaces of the claws 501, the driving claws 503, and the positioning claws 501 match the shape of the workpiece 9. The remaining two are the balance claws 502, and a movable balance block is provided on the balance claws 502 to offset the bending chuck 5. The driving of the driving pawl 503 may also be the rotation of a square hole on the side of the bending chuck 5 by an electric wrench, and the bevel gear 505 and the bevel gear 505 inside the bending chuck 5 mesh with the lower part of the dish gear 504. The upper part of the gear 504 is provided with a spiral-shaped tooth profile 506 which meshes with the rack 507 at the lower part of the driving claw, and the spiral gear-shaped tooth 506 above the dish-shaped gear 504 and the lower part of the driving claw The self-locking effect of the rack 507 prevents the driving claw 503 from loosening after bending the workpiece 9. The bending chuck 5 and the chuck base 6 are provided with through holes to pass through the workpiece 9, and the diameter of the through holes can meet Limit value of bending deformation of the workpiece 9. When the desired bending effect is achieved, the positioning claw 501 clamps the workpiece. In order to avoid slipping during rotation, a detachable expansion sleeve is provided on the outside of the claw to maintain the deformation caused by bending. The diameter of the expansion sleeve Only determined by the size of the jaws and the workpiece 9.

An electromagnetic clutch 28 is provided on the tension-compression connection shaft 12 of the fixed end 100 of the clamping device, and the electromagnetic clutch 28 limits the rotation of the tension-compression connection shaft 12 when the electromagnetic clutch 28 is closed; a torque limiter is also provided on the tension-compression connection shaft 12 of the fixed end 100. 27. One side of the torque limiter 27 is connected to the workpiece 9, and the other side is connected to a torque sensor 11. The torque sensor 11 is connected to an electromagnetic clutch 28, and the electromagnetic clutch 28 is fixed to the table 10. When the static torsion test is performed, the electromagnetic clutch 28 is connected, the torque limiter 27 does not work, the rotary electric machine 4 is connected to the reducer, and the output shaft of the reducer implements torque loading to the workpiece 9 through the gear pair; when exploring the dynamic performance, based on the above actions The torque threshold of the torque limiter 27 is adjusted. When the load exceeds the threshold, the torque of the workpiece 9 remains unchanged, and the rotational movement after torsion is realized.

The tension-compression connection shaft 12 of the movable end 200 of the clamping device is composed of two parts, namely a bearing connection shaft 121 and a workpiece connection shaft 122. The spoke tension pressure sensor 20 is disposed on the bearing connection shaft 121 and the workpiece connection shaft 122. In the meantime, since the lead wire of the spoke tension pressure sensor 20 is entangled in a rotating state, a slip ring 32 device is used to solve this problem. The slip ring 32 is fixed on the spoke tension pressure sensor 20, the rotor output line of the slip ring 32 is connected to the lead of the spoke tension pressure sensor 20, and the stator output line of the slip ring 32 is connected to a host computer.

One end of the workpiece connection shaft 122 is provided with a thread, and the thread is matched with the rotation chuck 30; the rotation chuck 30 is rotatably connected with the clamp member 14; the clamp member 14 has a wedge block 31 inside, and the outside of the wedge block 31 It is in contact with the inner side of the clamp 14; the rotation of the rotary chuck 30 drives the clamp 14 to move axially, and the workpiece connecting shaft 122 presses the wedge 31 to clamp the workpiece 9; due to the self-locking property of the wedge structure With the increase of the load during the stretching process, the clamping force is also increased, and the reliability of the clamping is guaranteed; a groove with a shape similar to the clamping portion of the workpiece 9 is processed on the inner side of the wedge block 31, and can be Under complicated working conditions such as rotary motion and bending and torsion loading, the coaxiality of the workpiece is better ensured.

The specifications and manufacturers of some commercially available parts of the present invention are as follows:

Spoke tension pressure sensor——Dayang Sensing System Engineering Co., Ltd., Model: DYLF-102

Laser displacement sensor-Panasonic HG-C1400

Miniature displacement sensor——Shenzhen Siming Technology Co., Ltd., SKRC miniature displacement sensor (built-in spring type), model: SKRC-50mm

Torque sensor——Hefei Broadcom Electronic Technology Co., Ltd., TH48031A-200N.m (500r / min) -K1-V2-B

Scanning Laser Doppler Vibrometer-German Polytec Company, PSV-500

Torque limiter: Shanghai Haineng Transmission Machinery Co., Ltd., TL-CX torque limiter, TL700-2CX

Electromagnetic clutch: Tianjin Machine Tool Electric Co., Ltd., DLM3 series wet multi-plate electromagnetic clutch

Slip ring: Hangzhou Baixuan Power Technology Co., Ltd., HSR80180 series.

Claims

A composite material shaft tension-compression, bending, torsion, and vibration comprehensive performance testing platform is characterized in that it includes a tension-compression unit, a bending unit, a torsion unit, and a vibration unit; a fixed end (100) of a clamping device is fixed on a workbench ( 10); the movable end (200) of the clamping device is fixed on the torsion unit; the torsion unit is fixed to the tension and compression support base (13) of the movable end (200); the tension and compression unit includes the tension and compression support (13), so A threaded hole is provided at the lower part of the tension and compression support base (13), the threaded hole is matched with a first screw (21), the first screw (21) rotates coaxially with the worm gear (22), and the worm gear (22) ) Meshes with a worm (23), said worm (23) is fixed to the output end of the tension motor (24); said torsion unit comprises a torsion motor (4), the output shaft of the torsion motor (4) and the driving wheel ( 3) fixed, the driving wheel (3) meshes with the idler wheel (2), the idler wheel (2) meshes with the driven wheel (1), and the driven wheel (1) is fixed with the movable end (200) of the clamping device; The bending unit includes a bending support (7), a threaded hole is provided at the lower part of the bending support (7), the threaded hole cooperates with a second screw (16), and the second screw (16) and a manual worm gear ( 15) Coaxial rotation, a through hole is provided above the bending support (7), a bearing is arranged in the through hole, a bending chuck (5) is fixed on the chuck base (6), and the chuck base (6) Set in the bearing hole; the vibration of the vibration unit is caused by the eccentric rotation of the workpiece (9) caused by the bending unit described above; the tension and compression support seat (13) of the movable end (200) and the workpiece (9) A spoke tension pressure sensor (20) is provided between the two for detecting tension or pressure, and a laser displacement sensor (19) is also used to measure the axial length change of the workpiece (9) during tension and compression. The laser displacement sensor (19) is fixed. On the support frame (8), the support frame (8) is fixed on the worktable (10); the torque sensor (11) is arranged on the fixed end (100) of the clamping device and is used to detect the torque generated by torsion; micro The displacement sensor (17) is arranged on the bending chuck (5) for detecting bending deflection; the vibration is measured by a scanning laser Doppler vibrometer (18), the scanning laser Doppler vibrometer (18) ) Are arranged on the support frame (8); the fixed end (100) and the movable end (200) of the clamping device are provided with bearings (29) in the tension and compression support base (13). The tension-compression connecting shaft (12) is fixed on the bearing (29), the other end of the tension-compression connecting shaft (12) is fixed with the clamp (14), and the workpiece (9) is fixed on the two clamps (14). .
The test platform for comprehensive performance of tensile, compression, bending, torsion and vibration of a composite material shaft according to claim 1, wherein the manual worm gear (15) is engaged with the manual worm (25), and one end of the manual worm (25) is provided Handle (26).
The composite material shaft tensile-compression, bending, torsion, and vibration comprehensive performance test platform according to claim 1, wherein the bending chuck (5) is provided with four jaws, one of which is a driving jaw (503) ), The driving claw (503) can move in the radial direction of the bending chuck (5); the driving claw (503) corresponds to the positioning claw (501), the driving claw (503), the positioning The positioning surface of the jaw (501) matches the shape of the workpiece (9); the other two are balance jaws (502), and a movable balance block is set on the balance jaw (502) to offset the belt with the curved chuck (5). Detachable expansion sleeve is arranged on the outer side of the claw for maintaining the deformation caused by bending.
The composite material shaft tension-compression, bending, torsion and vibration comprehensive performance testing platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: an electromagnetic clutch (28) is provided on the tension-compression connection shaft (12) of the fixed end (100) of the clamping device. ), When the electromagnetic clutch (28) is closed, the rotation of the tension-compression connection shaft (12) is restricted; the tension-compression connection shaft (12) at the fixed end (100) is further provided with a torque limiter (27), said torque limiter (27) One side is connected to the work piece (9), and the other side is connected to the torque sensor (11), the torque sensor (11) is connected to the electromagnetic clutch (28), and the electromagnetic clutch (28) is connected to the table (10) )fixed.
The composite material shaft tension-compression, bending, torsion and vibration comprehensive performance test platform according to claim 1, characterized in that the tension-compression connection shaft (12) of the movable end (200) of the clamping device is composed of two parts, respectively The bearing connecting shaft (121) and the workpiece connecting shaft (122), the spoke tension pressure sensor (20) is disposed between the bearing connecting shaft (121) and the workpiece connecting shaft (122), and the slip ring (32) is fixed On a spoke tension pressure sensor (20), a rotor output line of the slip ring (32) is connected to a lead of the spoke tension pressure sensor (20).
The composite material shaft tension-compression, bending, torsion and vibration comprehensive performance testing platform according to claim 5, characterized in that: one end of the workpiece connecting shaft (122) is provided with a thread, and the thread is matched with the rotation chuck (30) ; The rotary chuck (30) is rotatably connected with the clip (14); the clip (14) has a wedge-shaped block (31), and the outside of the wedge-shaped block (31) abuts the inside of the clip (14) Pick up.