CN101144764A - Dynamic and static mechanics integrated test platform - Google Patents
Dynamic and static mechanics integrated test platform Download PDFInfo
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- CN101144764A CN101144764A CNA2007101394405A CN200710139440A CN101144764A CN 101144764 A CN101144764 A CN 101144764A CN A2007101394405 A CNA2007101394405 A CN A2007101394405A CN 200710139440 A CN200710139440 A CN 200710139440A CN 101144764 A CN101144764 A CN 101144764A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a dynamic and static mechanics comprehensive test bench, which relates to mechanics experimental equipment. Nowadays the mechanics test bench in the market has the disadvantages of single function, inconvenient operation, big size of the equipment and high price. A pure beam bending device, a composite beam bending device, a cylinder crankling device, a dynamic beam device, an equal strengthen beam device, a stretching and compressing device and a sinker rod are arranged on a main bench frame; the pure beam bending device, the composite beam bending device, the equal strengthen beam device, the cylinder crankling device and the stretching and compressing device respectively adopt a hand operated helical wheel to load, a sensor to measure the power, and transfer a load through a combined type lever power transmission system; the dynamic beam device uses a motor with an eccentric wheel to vibrate hardly; an interface board which is connected with the lead wire of a strain meter is arranged on the bench surface. The invention has the functions of combining and arranging various experiments of the basic mechanics and skill training of various basic experiments. The invention has the advantages that the comprehensive function is powerful, the cost performance ratio is high, the structure is compact, and the operation is convenient.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Experiments of Machanics equipment, is the test teaching integrated testing table that is used for courses such as institution of higher learning's fundamental mechanics.
Background technology
Student's the ability of practice and the cultivation of initiative spirit are paid attention in higher education at present, need the experimental facilities of better function in the Experiments of Machanics teaching.Experiments of Machanics platform on the present market, function singleness does not have dynamic experiment on the one hand, manipulates inconvenience, and equipment volume is big on the other hand, the acquisition cost height.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to, requirement according to current fundamental mechanics experimental teaching, satisfy and to offer comprehensive, designability and novelty experiment needs, for the Experiments of Machanics teaching provides a kind of dynamic and static mechanics integrated test platform, it is strong to have comprehensive function, ratio of performance to price height, compact conformation and advantage such as easy to operate.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of dynamic and static mechanics integrated test platform, the pure bending beam device is installed on the table top of main stand from back to front successively, the combination beam bending apparatus, cylinder bending device, dynamic boom device, beam of uniform strength device is equipped with stretching and compression set in the front of main stand, on the right side of table top the impact bar device is installed; Pure bending beam device, combination beam bending apparatus, beam of uniform strength device, cylinder bending device, stretching and compression set adopt manual helical wheel to load respectively, and the sensor dynamometry is by combined type lever force transmission system transmitted load; Dynamically boom device uses and is with eccentric motor exciting; The interface board that is connected with the strainometer lead-in wire is installed on table top.
The structure of described combined type lever force transmission system is: sensor and main stand are fixed, connection box links to each other with the sensor lower end, and be connected with auxiliary lever with main lever, the main lever other end connects assistor, and main fulcrum fork is installed on the main stand, and hinged with main lever, secondary fulcrum is stuck end and is fixed with main stand, and lower end and auxiliary lever are hinged, and auxiliary lever left end and stepped stem are hinged, small lever left end and little hinged hinged, little hinged and main stand is fixed, and is hinged with stepped stem in the middle of the small lever, and right-hand member is hinged with the tube pull bar, the big lever left end is with big hinged hinged, big hinged and main stand is fixed, and hinged with stepped stem in the middle of the big lever, right-hand member and beam pull bar are hinged.
Described pure bending beam device, the structure of combination beam bending apparatus is: two undersettings are installed on main stand table top, two upper brackets, on undersetting, place pure camber beam, on upper bracket, place combination beam, in the middle of combination beam, install two and draw frame, draw frame to be connected with the straight beam pull bar, the straight beam pull bar connects cross bar again, the screw rod that loads on the wheel by straight beam is threaded with assistor, pressurize to cross bar by steel ball on the one hand, and cross bar is by the straight beam pull bar, draw frame to give the combination beam reinforcing, by being threaded, promote assistor on the other hand, make main lever stressed, load passes to sensor by lever.There is pin-and-hole the described centre of frame of drawing, when giving pure camber beam afterburning, at this aerial bearing pin that inserts, combination beam is separated with drawing frame, and combination beam does not stress.
The structure of described beam of uniform strength device is: Zhi Duan is installed on the table top greatly admittedly, admittedly on the Zhi Duan beam of uniform strength is installed big, the afterburning frame of beam of uniform strength right-hand member built-in beam, load by the manual helical wheel of the beam of uniform strength, make beam of uniform strength pressurized, by the afterburning frame of beam, beam pull bar, make lever system stressed simultaneously, loading transfer is to sensor.
The structure of described cylinder bending device is: cylinder test specimen one end adopts solid bearing of V-type and V-type gland, by bolt test specimen is fixed, reverse the arm of force and have elastic groove, pack tightly test specimen by bolt force, the spiral of the afterburning helical wheel of tube cooperates with the afterburning frame of tube, the rotating screw wheel makes and reverses arm of force pressurized, cylinder is stressed, and power is delivered to lever system by the afterburning frame of tube, tube pull bar simultaneously, makes the sensor tension, the load of cylinder is amplified by small lever, auxiliary lever two-stage, passes to sensor.
The structure of described stretching and compression set is: fix two guide rails on main stand front column, channel bar and guide rail are hinged with straight pin, change distance to adapt to different test specimen length by pitch-row, oppositely frame is inserted in channel bar, test specimen is installed between channel bar and the yoke, can do stretching experiment, test specimen is installed between channel bar lower end and the reverse frame, can do compression experiment, the tension and compression power wheel upper end of positive antispin connects connection box, the lower end connects yoke, reverse frame, rotates the tension and compression power wheel and directly loads for the test specimen on the reverse frame of pulling pressing device, makes the sensor tension.
The structure of described impact bar device is: the impact bar left end is hinged by a rotating shaft and a hinge, and impact bar right-hand member installation quality piece is equipped with fulcrum on the table top under the bar.
The structure of described dynamic boom device is: dynamically in little solid Zhi Duan, the other end is by connecting support with bolt for beam one end, and the small machine of mounting strap eccentric block rotates the rotating eccentricity piece by motor, makes beam vibration produce the stable state dynamic strain.
The present invention compares with existing skill wood, has the following advantages and beneficial effect:
Because this testing table collection straight beam bending, the combination beam bending, beam of uniform strength bending, the bending combination, stretch and compression deformation, dynamically beam and seven kinds of devices of impact bar are one, have and make up the function of offering all kinds of experiments of fundamental mechanics and make up the function of carrying out all kinds of basic experiment skill trainings, using this experiment table can offer: straight beam pure bending experiment, elastic modulus and Poisson ratio determination experiment, stoplog pure bending experiment, the shear elasticity determination experiment, the continuous beam experiment, foil gauge sensitivity coefficient calibration experiment, corner amount of deflection determination experiment, the principle stress determination experiment, the plain determination experiment of single force, the eccentric tension experiment, static indeterminacy annulus stress determination experiment, the pressure bar stabilization lecture experiment, 18 sports experiments such as bridge circuit connection and temperature compensation experiment, and each experiment can be designed the kinds of experiments scheme and finish, the most experiments project is designability and comprehensive experiment, therefore, the equipment performance price is than high.Simultaneously, testing table is rationally distributed, compact conformation.Because testing table adopts the sensor dynamometry, combined type lever transmission load, every kind of device has different lever ratios, separately loading spiral of configuration, need not to change between each device relatively independent, by changing different test specimens, expand its experiential function, therefore, manipulate very convenient.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of front view of dynamic and static mechanics integrated test platform;
The right view of Fig. 2 Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the vertical view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is a combined type lever force transmission system structural representation;
Fig. 5 is a cylinder bending device synoptic diagram;
The right view of Fig. 6 Fig. 5;
Fig. 7 is dynamic boom device synoptic diagram;
Fig. 8 is the vertical view of Fig. 7;
Fig. 9 is an impact bar device synoptic diagram;
Figure 10 is the vertical view of Fig. 9;
Figure 11 is the slotted eye synoptic diagram of stepped stem;
Figure 12 is the test system architecture block diagram;
Figure 13 is provided with process flow diagram for application software;
Figure 14 is the measuring point and the cloth sheet figure of test specimen.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, 2, 3, a kind of dynamic and static mechanics integrated test platform, pure bending beam device 1 is installed on the table top of main stand 18 from back to front successively, combination beam bending apparatus 2, cylinder bending device 4, dynamic boom device 6, beam of uniform strength device 3, in the front of main stand 18 stretching and compression set 5 are installed, impact bar device 19 are installed on the right side of table top; Pure bending beam device 1, combination beam bending apparatus 2, beam of uniform strength device 3, cylinder bending device 4, stretching and compression set 5 adopt manual helical wheel to load respectively, and the sensor dynamometry is by combined type lever force transmission system transmitted load; Dynamically boom device 6 uses and is with eccentric motor exciting; Interface board 49 is installed on table top to join with the strainometer lead-in wire.
Shown in Fig. 1,2,4, the structure of described combined type lever force transmission system is: sensor 44 upper ends are fixing by screw rod 52 and main stand 18, linked to each other with sensor 44 lower ends by connection box 13, this frame is connected with auxiliary lever 42 with main lever 25 by pin simultaneously.Main lever 25 other ends connect assistor 23, and main fulcrum fork 29 is installed on the main stand, and is connected with main lever 25 straight pins, and as the fulcrum of main lever, the main lever ratio is 1: 1.Secondary fork 43 upper ends are fixing by bolt and main stand 18, and the lower end is connected with auxiliary lever 42 with straight pin, and as the fulcrum of auxiliary lever, the auxiliary lever left end is connected lever ratio 1: 2 with straight pin with stepped stem 36.Auxiliary lever 42 is to be embedded in the groove of main lever 25, and the straight pin of secondary fork 43 passes main lever and auxiliary lever simultaneously, but main lever aperture herein is the twice in straight pin aperture, makes major and minor lever be independent of each other when transmitted load.Small lever 38 left ends and little hinged 34 hinged, little hinged 34 is fixing by spiral and main stand 18, and hinged with stepped stem 36 in the middle of the small lever as the fulcrum of small lever, right-hand member is hinged with tube pull bar 40, lever ratio 1: 3.Its loading transfer is: when loading to cylinder by the afterburning spiral shell 12 of tube, tube pull bar 40 is upwards drawn, and makes auxiliary lever 42 left ends upwards stressed by small lever, stepped stem, thereby makes sensor 44 be subjected to pulling force.The load of cylinder is amplified by small lever, auxiliary lever two-stage, passes to sensor 44, total lever ratio 1: 6.Big lever 39 left ends are hinged with big hinged 35, and big hinged fixing by spiral and main stand 18, as the fulcrum of big lever, hinged with stepped stem 36 in the middle of the big lever, right-hand member and beam pull bar 41 are hinged, lever ratio 1: 5.Its loading transfer is identical with above-mentioned small lever situation, and when adding to the beam of uniform strength when planting, sensor 44 is subjected to pulling force, total lever ratio 1: 10.Need to prove that stepped stem 36 is hinged with small lever, big lever simultaneously, but the connecting hole at this two place adopts slotted eye 56 (referring to Figure 11), makes each bootstrap loading be independent of each other.Main lever 25 is used for loading to pure camber beam 1, combination beam 2, rotate by the screw rod on the straight beam power wheel 14, be threaded with assistor 23, give cross bar 22 pressurizations by steel ball 53 on the one hand, and cross bar 22 by straight beam pull bar 24, draw frame 8 to be connected with pure camber beam, combination beam, thereby give pure camber beam and combination beam reinforcing.By being threaded, promote assistor 23 on the other hand, make main lever 25 stressed, load passes to sensor 44 by lever at 1: 1.Pulling pressing device loads, and rotates tension and compression power wheel 15, loads directly for the test specimen on the reverse frame 10 by yoke 45, connection box 13, makes sensor 44 tensions.Adopt combined type lever force transmission system, make each device use spiral separately to load, each device has different lever ratios, adapts to respectively to install the stressed needs of test specimen, makes working sensor in the range of linearity simultaneously, and load is accurate.
Shown in Fig. 1,2,3,4, the structure of described pure bending beam device 1, combination beam bending apparatus 2 is: on main stand 18 table tops two undersettings 21 are installed, two upper brackets 20 are installed on it.On undersetting 21, place pure camber beam 1, on upper bracket 20, place combination beam 2.Install two and draw frame 8 in the middle of combination beam 2, draw frame to be connected with straight beam pull bar 24, the straight beam pull bar connects cross bar 22 again.When rotating straight beam power wheel 14, rotate by the screw rod on the straight beam power wheel 14, be threaded with assistor 23, give cross bar 22 pressurizations by steel ball 53 on the one hand, and cross bar 22 by straight beam pull bar 24, draw frame 8 to give the combination beam reinforcing.By being threaded, promote assistor 23 on the other hand, make main lever 25 stressed, load passes to sensor 44 by lever 1:1.In the centre of drawing frame 8 pin-and-hole is arranged, when giving the combination beam reinforcing, this hole need not, when giving pure camber beam afterburning,, combination beam is separated with drawing frame 8 at this aerial bearing pin that inserts, this beam does not stress.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, the structure of described beam of uniform strength device 3 is: big solid end 37 bolts are mounted on the table top, on big solid end 37, the beam of uniform strength is installed, the afterburning frame 7 of beam of uniform strength right-hand member built-in beam when cant beam reinforcing spiral shell 9, makes beam of uniform strength pressurized, simultaneously by the afterburning frame 7 of beam, beam pull bar 41, make lever system stressed, loading transfer is to sensor 44, total lever ratio 1: 10.
Shown in Fig. 5,6, the structure of described cylinder bending device 4 is: cylinder test specimen 4-1 one end adopts solid bearing 27 of V-type and V-type gland 28, makes V-type mouth clamping up and down by bolt, thereby test specimen 4-1 is fixed.Reverse the arm of force 30 and have elastic groove, pack tightly test specimen, the arm of force reliably is connected with test specimen by bolt force.Afterburning spiral shell 12 its spirals of rotating cylinder cooperate with the afterburning frame 11 of tube, make and reverse the arm of force 30 pressurizeds, and cylinder is stressed, simultaneously power by tube reinforcing frame 11, a pull bar 40 is delivered to lever system makes sensor 44 tensions.The load of cylinder is amplified by small lever, auxiliary lever two-stage, passes to sensor, and total lever ratio is 1: 6.
As shown in Figure 1, the structure of described stretching and compression set 5 is: fix two guide rails 16 on main stand 18 front column, channel bar 17 is hinged with straight pin with guide rail, changes distance to adapt to different test specimen length by pitch-row.Oppositely frame 10 is inserted in channel bar 17, and both are used and realize that two kinds of tension and compression are stressed.Test specimen is installed between channel bar 17 and the yoke 45, can do stretching experiment, and test specimen is installed between channel bar 17 lower ends and the reverse frame 10, can do compression experiment.Utilize reverse frame one-piece construction to make the test specimen of installation accurate to the heart.Pulling pressing device tension and compression power wheel 15 upper ends connect connection box 13, and the lower end connects yoke 45, reverse frame 10, and tension and compression power wheel 15 is designed to positive antispin, rotate this and take turns to the test specimen on the reverse frame 10 of pulling pressing device and directly load, and make sensor 44 tensions.
Shown in Fig. 9,10, the structure of described impact bar device 19 is:, impact bar 19-1 left end is hinged by a rotating shaft 54 and a hinge 26, impact bar 19-1 right-hand member installation quality piece 48.Fulcrum 31 is installed on the table top under the bar, and impact bar is in erectility at initial position, makes its 54 free overturnings around the shaft, after 31 collisions of table top fulcrum, produces transient strain.
Shown in Fig. 7,8, the structure of described dynamic boom device 6 is: dynamically beam 6-1 one end holds 33 with bolt in little solid, the other end rotates the rotating eccentricity piece by connecting the small machine 32 of support 55 mounting strap eccentric blocks 51 by motor, makes beam vibration produce the stable state dynamic strain.Thereby change frequency and amplitude that motor speed changes strain.
Main stand 18 channel-section steel welding forming, it is shaped as three-dimensional rectangle, and each steelframe is furnished with the rigidity that reinforcement strengthens pedestal.Stage body encapsulates with panel, surface lacquer, front dress door, good looking appearance.Dress universal wheel 47 and leg 46 at the bottom of the platform, convenient moving and fixing the use.
As shown in Figure 3, mounting interface plate 49 on table top adopts elastic interface 50, and all strainometer lead-in wires link to each other handled easily with the elasticity mouth.
Application of the present invention:
Pilot system is by the main body stand, the multiple channel test system, and computing machine and application software four parts are formed.Its structured flowchart as shown in figure 12.The present invention provides a kind of multi-functional experiment porch for Experiments of Machanics, and the bending of collection straight beam, combination beam bending, beam of uniform strength bending, bending combination, stretching and compression deformation, dynamic beam and seven kinds of devices of impact bar are one, are combined into the experimental facilities of composite type.Testing table adopts combined type lever transmission load, spiral to load continuously.Load, displacement transducer and strain signal are shown by Computer Processing that through the amplification of multiple channel test system, analog to digital conversion the softpanel operation realizes digital test, has the dynamic and static measurement function.The signal of load, displacement and strain is gathered and is amplified through the multiple channel test system in the test bed testing system, and analog to digital conversion is shown by Computer Processing.Native system has 10 road strained channels, and every paths all can be connected to 1/4 bridge, half-bridge and full-bridge, is applicable to various bridge circuit tests.By system software, softpanel operation, full-digital intelligent design.Each passage automaticallyes switch, the bridge circuit self-poise.Be provided with scanning sample, grab sampling, decide the load sampling, real time data, curve display, test data both can be shown as data list, also can be shown as figure.Each passage all can be realized dynamic test, shows dynamic waveform and data.Have functions such as storage print.Application software is provided with flow process as shown in figure 13.
As shown in figure 14, be example with beam of uniform strength device experiment test, be stained with six strainometer R in beam of uniform strength upper and lower surface
1, R
2, R
3, R
4, R
5, R
6, when cant beam reinforcing spiral shell 9, making beam of uniform strength overhanging end pressurized, beam produces flexural deformation, by strainometer induction strain.By combined type lever force transmission system, make sensor stressed simultaneously.Strainometer and force transducer are inserted the dynamic and static measurement system, and by computer screen, the softpanel operation decide load and is sampled, and real time data, curve display test out the strain of the beam of uniform strength each strainometer position under this load.Use six strainometers, adopt different bridge circuit connections, can finish mensuration elasticity modulus of materials and Poisson ratio experiment, measuring bridge application experiment, the sensitive number calibration experiment of foil gauge etc.
Claims (9)
1. dynamic and static mechanics integrated test platform, it is characterized in that: described testing table, pure bending beam device (1), combination beam bending apparatus (2), cylinder bending device (4), dynamic boom device (6), beam of uniform strength device (3) are installed on the table top of main stand (18) from back to front successively, in the front of main stand (18) stretching and compression set (5) are installed, impact bar device (19) is installed on the right side of table top; Pure bending beam device (1), combination beam bending apparatus (2), beam of uniform strength device (3), cylinder bending device (4), stretching and compression set (5) adopt manual helical wheel to load respectively, the sensor dynamometry is by combined type lever force transmission system transmitted load; Dynamically boom device (6) uses and is with eccentric motor exciting; The interface board (49) that is connected with the strainometer lead-in wire is installed on table top.
2. according to the described dynamic and static mechanics integrated test platform of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the structure of described combined type lever force transmission system is: sensor (44) and main stand (18) are fixing, connection box (13) links to each other with sensor (44) lower end, and be connected with auxiliary lever (42) with main lever (25), main lever (25) other end connects assistor (23), main fulcrum fork (29) is installed on the main stand, and it is hinged with main lever (25), secondary some fork (43) upper end is fixed with main stand, lower end and auxiliary lever (42) are hinged, auxiliary lever left end and stepped stem (36) are hinged, and small lever (38) left end and little hinged (34) are hinged, and little hinged (34) are fixed with main stand, hinged in the middle of the small lever (38) with stepped stem (36), right-hand member is hinged with tube pull bar (40), and big lever (39) left end is hinged with hinged greatly (35), and hinged greatly (35) are fixed with main stand, hinged with stepped stem (36) in the middle of the big lever, right-hand member and beam pull bar (41) are hinged.
3. according to the described dynamic and static mechanics integrated test platform of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described pure bending beam device (1), the structure of combination beam bending apparatus (2) is: on main stand (18) table top two undersettings (21) are installed, two upper brackets (20), go up the placement pure camber beam at undersetting (21), go up the placement combination beam at upper bracket (20), in the middle of combination beam, install two and draw frame (8), draw frame to be connected with straight beam pull bar (24), the straight beam pull bar connects cross bar (22) again, the screw rod that loads on the wheel (14) by straight beam is threaded with assistor (23), give cross bar (22) pressurization by steel ball (53) on the one hand, and cross bar (22) is by straight beam pull bar (24), draw frame (8) to give the combination beam reinforcing, on the other hand by being threaded, promote assistor (23), make main lever (25) stressed, load passes to sensor (44) by lever.
4. according to the described dynamic and static mechanics integrated test platform of claim 3, it is characterized in that: there is pin-and-hole the described centre of frame (8) of drawing, when giving pure camber beam afterburning, at this aerial bearing pin that inserts, combination beam is separated with drawing frame (8), and combination beam does not stress.
5. according to the described dynamic and static mechanics integrated test platform of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the structure of described beam of uniform strength device (3) is: Zhi Duan (37) is installed on the table top greatly admittedly, go up the installation beam of uniform strength at big Zhi Duan (37) admittedly, the afterburning frame (7) of beam of uniform strength right-hand member built-in beam, load by the manual helical wheel of the beam of uniform strength (9), make beam of uniform strength pressurized, simultaneously by the afterburning frame (7) of beam, beam pull bar (41), make lever system stressed, loading transfer is to sensor (44).
6. according to the described dynamic and static mechanics integrated test platform of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the structure of described cylinder bending device (4) is: cylinder test specimen one end adopts solid bearing (27) of V-type and V-type gland (28), by bolt test specimen is fixed, reverse the arm of force (30) and have elastic groove, pack tightly test specimen by bolt force, the spiral of the afterburning helical wheel of tube (12) cooperates with the afterburning frame of tube (11), rotating screw wheel (12) makes and reverses the arm of force (30) pressurized, cylinder is stressed, power is by tube afterburning frame (11) simultaneously, tube pull bar (40) is delivered to lever system makes sensor (44) tension, the load of cylinder is by small lever (38), auxiliary lever (42) two-stage is amplified, and passes to sensor (44).
7. according to the described dynamic and static mechanics integrated test platform of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the structure of described stretching and compression set (5) is: fix two guide rails (16) on main stand (18) front column, channel bar (17) is hinged with straight pin with guide rail, change distance to adapt to different test specimen length by pitch-row, oppositely frame (10) is inserted in channel bar (17), test specimen is installed between channel bar (17) and the yoke (45), can do stretching experiment, test specimen is installed between channel bar (17) lower end and the reverse frame (10), can do compression experiment, tension and compression power wheel (15) upper end of positive antispin connects connection box (13), the lower end connects yoke (45), reverse frame (10), rotate tension and compression power wheels (15) and directly load for the test specimen on the reverse frame of pulling pressing device (10), make sensor (44) tension.
8. according to the described dynamic and static mechanics integrated test platform of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the structure of described impact bar device (19) is: impact bar (19-1) left end is hinged by a rotating shaft (54) and a hinge (26), impact bar (19-1) right-hand member installation quality piece (48) is equipped with fulcrum (31) on the table top under the bar.
9. according to the described dynamic and static mechanics integrated test platform of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the structure of described dynamic boom device (6) is: dynamically beam (61) one ends use bolt in little solid Zhi Duan (33), the other end is by connecting the small machine (32) of support (55) mounting strap eccentric block (51), rotate the rotating eccentricity piece by motor, make beam vibration produce the stable state dynamic strain.
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