CN100504343C - Multifunctional material mechanics testing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a multifunctional testing machine of the mechanics of materials, which combines testing, such as pulling, pressing, bending, twisting, crankling, etc., so as to be finThis invention relates to test machine of multifunctional material mechanics, which combines the operation of drawing, pressing, bending and twisting into one single test machine. The loading of drawiished on one testing machine. Pulling and pressing loading adopts a hydraulic oil cylinder loading mode, and twisting adopts a loading mode that a motor drives a speed reducer. A machine frame adopts ng and pressing employs the mode of hydraulic-oil vats. The twisting loading mode employs electromotor-driving speed reducer. The frame employs the door frame structure, in which the parts of drawing a door frame construction, a pulling part and a pressing part are arranged in a door frame, a twisting part is arranged at one side of the door frame, a root flange of a bending and twisting combinatiand pressing are located and on one side of which the twisting part is located and on the other side of which the part of bending is located, and in which a bending erection support is located. The coon is arranged at the other side of the door frame, and a bending support seat is arranged in the door frame. A corresponding sensor is arranged relative to a common parameter to be measured. The presrresponding sensor is equipped to the common parameters to be measured. This invention employs clamp device connection that is helpful to extend the experiments. And common parameters to be measured aent invention combines pulling, pressing, bending, twisting, crankling, etc. so as to be finished on one testing machine, a testing space is saved, and production costs are reduced. A gripping head core exported by in-built sensor in the form of electrical signal, which is helpful to collecting the following data. It is especially applicable to the teaching experiment of material mechanics . nnection mode is simple is favorable for the expansion of testing. The common measured parameter is transferred outwards through a built-in sensor in an electrical signal mode so as to be favorable for the data acquisition of subsequent data acquisition devices. The present invention is especially suitable for the teaching testing of the mechanics of the materials.

Description

Multifunctional material mechanics testing machine

Technical field The present invention relates to a testing device for detecting and testing the mechanical properties of materials, especially for the teaching field of material mechanics experiments in colleges and universities.

Background technology At present, several different test equipments are used for tensile, compressive, bending, torsion and combined bending and torsion experiments on materials, that is, tensile and compressive universal testing machines, torsion testing machines and bending and torsion testing machines that we usually see. Combined test bench, etc. For example, the WE-100 hydraulic universal testing machine produced by Jinan Shijin Group can perform tension, compression and bending tests on materials, but it cannot perform torsion tests and combined bending and torsion tests on materials; NJ- The 100B torsion testing machine can perform torsion tests on materials but cannot perform tension, compression tests and combined bending and torsion tests on materials, and the price is relatively high. Some combined test devices developed for the experimental teaching of material mechanics are relatively cheap and most of them are combinations of several tests, but they do not include basic tension, compression and torsional destructive tests. For example, the utility model "Material Mechanics Multifunctional Test Bench" (Patent No.: ZL 97207386.8) can complete the bending and torsion of materials and the tension and compression under small loads, but cannot perform torsion and basic tension and compression destructive tests on materials. Moreover, most of the test instruments adopt the method of post-installation with different tests, which increases the complexity of the test and is not conducive to saving the test space.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to provide a multi-functional material mechanics testing machine, which combines the tensile, compressive, bending, torsion and combined bending and torsion tests on one testing machine, and can complete the tensile, compressive and bending tests of the specimen. , torsion and bending torsion combination test. In addition, corresponding sensors are set for commonly used measured parameters for use by subsequent data acquisition equipment.

The solution of the present invention is: the present invention is composed of a loading part and a sensing part which are connected with each other. The loading part completes the clamping of the specimen and applies the specified external load; the sensing part outputs various measured parameters in the form of electrical signals for use by data acquisition equipment.

The loading part consists of two parts: basic tension, compression and torsional loading. The tension and compression loading adopts the hydraulic cylinder loading method, and the torsional loading adopts the motor-driven reducer loading method. The tension and compression parts are installed in a portal frame, and the torsion part is installed on one side of the portal frame. Install the root flange of the bending and torsion combination on the other side of the portal frame, and install the bending support on the inner side of the portal frame. The frame adopts a portal structure welded with section steel. The oil cylinder is installed at the lower part of the portal frame, and another fixed point for pulling and pressing is set at the upper part of the portal frame, thus forming a space for tension and compression. In this space, by installing different test pieces and adopting different loading forms, experiments such as tension, compression, bending and bending-torsion combination of the test piece can be completed. The supporting plate of the torsion reducer is installed on the lower part of the column on one side of the portal frame. The torsion reducer assembly is installed on the support plate, and its output shaft forms the moving end of the twist; A torsion space is formed between the fixed ends. The torsion test can be carried out by connecting the two ends of the torsion test piece with the torsion moving end and the fixed end respectively.

The sensing part is equipped with a cylinder pressure sensor, a cylinder piston rod displacement sensor, a torque sensor and a photoelectric encoder to detect the tension and pressure output by the cylinder, the displacement of the cylinder piston rod, the torque of the torsion test and the rotation angle of the torsion shaft. And gather all sensor output connectors to one side of the experimental machine for use by data acquisition equipment.

The invention has the advantages of combining basic pulling, pressing, bending, torsion and combined bending and torsion experiments, so that different experiments can be completed intensively, which is beneficial to reduce production costs. The simple connection form of the chuck is conducive to the expansion of the test. And equipped with a variety of sensors, which is conducive to data collection.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is further described

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the appearance front view of the embodiment of multifunctional material mechanics testing machine

Fig. 2 is the structural elevation view of the embodiment of the multifunctional material mechanics testing machine, and the A-A direction sectional view of Fig. 3

Figure 3 is a sectional view along the B-B direction of Figure 2

Figure 4 is the left view of Figure 1

Figure 5 is the right view of Figure 1

Figure 6 is the top view of the bending-twisting composite specimen

In the figure, 1 is the base, 2 is the left column, 3 is the lower beam, 4 is the support plate of the torsion reducer, 5 is the assembly of the torsion reducer, 6 is the photoelectric encoder, 7 is the torsion shaft, and 8 is the torsion lower chuck , 9 is the torsion test piece, 10 is the torsion upper chuck, 11 is the torsion fixed shaft, 12 is the torque sensor, 13 is the torque sensor fixing plate, 14 is the upper beam, 15 is the pressure gauge, 16 is the upper hinge assembly, 17 is the upper hinge rod, 18 is the pull and press upper adapter sleeve, 19 is the upper chuck of the tensile test piece, 20 is the root flange of the bending and torsion combination, 21 is the tensile test piece, 22 is the bending support, 23 is the pulling Stretching the lower chuck of the test piece, 24 is the pull and press adapter sleeve, 25 is the adapter rod, 26 is the working platform, 27 is the support of the working platform, 28 is the piston rod of the oil cylinder, 29 is the oil cylinder, 30 is the right column, 31 Is the oil pump assembly, 32 is the oil inlet handwheel, 33 is the control button, 34 is the control inclined panel, 35 is the electrical cabinet, 36 is the small column on the right side, 37 is the oil return handwheel, 38 is the small column on the left side, 39 is the drawer, 40 is the torsion upper sealing plate, 41 is the front lower sealing plate, 42 is the sensor output connector, 43 is the compression cylinder pressure sensor, 44 is the tension cylinder pressure sensor, 45 is the piston rod displacement sensor, 46 is the compression upper bearing Pressing plate, 47 is the compression lower hinge assembly, 48 is the compression test piece, 49 is the bending and torsion combination test piece force bar, 50 is the bending and torsion combination test piece bending and torsion bar, and 51 is the bending and torsion combination test piece fixing rod.

The specific embodiment An embodiment of the present invention is implemented like this:

1. Tension and compression part In Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3, and Figure 6, it consists of a base (1), a left column (2), a right column (30), an upper beam (14) and a lower beam (3). Tension and compression frame, left column (2), right column (30), and lower beam (3) are welded on the base (1), and upper beam (14) and lower beam (3) are respectively connected with left column (2), Right column (30) is welded. The oil cylinder (29) is fixed on the lower beam (3), the lower adapter sleeve (24) is connected with the oil cylinder piston rod (28) through the adapter rod (25) for pulling and pressing, and the upper hinge assembly (16) is fixed on the upper beam (14) on, pull, press the upper adapter sleeve (18) to be connected with the upper hinge assembly (16) by the upper hinge pull rod (17). During the tensile test, the upper and lower chucks (19) and (23) of the tensile test piece are installed respectively on the upper and lower transfer sleeves (18) and (24) of the tension and compression, and the tensile test piece (21) passes through the Stretching upper and lower chucks (19), (23) are clamped, and the tension test piece (21) can be applied to the tensile test piece (21) when the oil cylinder piston rod (28) moves downward. The magnitude of the pulling force is output by the stretching oil cylinder pressure sensor (44), and the deformation of the test piece is output by the oil cylinder piston rod displacement sensor (45). During the compression test, the compression upper pressure bearing plate (46) and the compression lower hinge assembly (47) are installed respectively on the tension-compression upper and lower adapter sleeves (18) and (24), and the compression test piece (48) is placed flat On the lower hinge assembly (47) of the compression, the compression test piece (48) can be exerted pressure when the oil cylinder piston rod moves upwards. The pressure is output by the compression cylinder pressure sensor (43), and the deformation of the test piece is output by the built-in cylinder rod displacement sensor (45). The hydraulic oil that drives the piston rod (28) is provided by the oil pump assembly (31), and the up and down direction, running speed and load of the piston rod (28) are controlled by the control button (33), oil inlet handwheel (32) And return oil hand wheel (37) to finish jointly. The pressure gauge (15) is installed on the top of the right column (30), and is directly connected with the pressure oil output oil pipe of the oil pump assembly (31), so as to monitor the change of pressure during the test. Install the bending and torsion combination root flange (20) in the middle of the right upright column (30), install the bending and torsion combination test piece fixing rod (51) in the bending and torsion combination root flange (20), and bend and torsion combination test piece applying rod (49) is connected with the piston rod (28) of the oil cylinder, and the downward movement of the piston rod (28) can complete the combined bending and torsion loading of the bending and torsion combination test piece bending and torsion rod (50), and the size of the load is determined by the stretching oil cylinder pressure sensor ( 44) output, the displacement of the force application end is output by the piston rod displacement sensor (45).

Bending supports (22) are respectively installed in the middle parts of the left and right columns (2), (30), so that the bending test can be completed in the tension-compression space. Oil cylinder piston rod (28) and upper hinge pull rod (17) are all externally connected with threaded form, to be beneficial to expanding other tests.

2. The torsion part In Fig. 2 and Fig. 5, the torsion frame is composed of the base (1), the left column (2), the support plate of the torsion reducer (4), and the fixing plate of the torque sensor (13). The support plate of the torsion reducer ( 4), the torque sensor fixed plate (13) is all connected with the left column, and the torsion reducer support plate (4) is connected with the base (1) simultaneously. The torsion reducer assembly (5) is installed on the torsion reducer support plate (4), the output shaft of the torsion reducer assembly (5) is connected to the torsion shaft (7), the photoelectric encoder (6) and the torsion lower clamp Head (8) is installed on the torsion rotating shaft (7). The torque sensor (12) is installed on the torque sensor fixed plate (13), the fixed shaft (11) passes through the torque sensor (12) by twisting, and can slide up and down in the torque sensor (12), and the upper chuck (10) is installed by twisting On the torsionally fixed shaft (11). The torsion test piece (9) is a round test piece with both ends milled flat, installed in the jaws of the torsion upper and lower chucks (10), (8) respectively, the torsion deceleration assembly (5) is started, and the torsion shaft (7 ) is rotated to apply torque to the torsion test piece (9). The magnitude of the torque is output by the torque sensor (12), and the rotation angle is output by the photoelectric encoder (6).

Three, subsidiary part In Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 4, a working platform (26) is established on a certain height from the base (1), and the working platform (26) is fixed on the working platform support (27), and the working platform support ( 27) Weld respectively on the left column (2), right column (30), left side small column (38), right side small column (36), left side small column (38), right side small column (36) welding on the base (1). The electrical cabinet (35) is arranged on the support plate (4) of the torsion reducer. The front lower sealing plate (41) is set on the right side of the electric cabinet (35), and is installed on the small column (38) and the small column (36) on the left side. Control inclined panel (34) is installed on work platform (26) and left and right small column (38), (36). Control button (33) is installed on the control inclined panel (34). The sensor output joints (42) are concentratedly arranged on the right side of the experimental machine, below the working platform (26). Drawer (39) is installed in the middle part of control inclined panel (34). The oil pump assembly (31) is fixed on the base (1).

Claims (2)

1. A multifunctional material mechanics testing machine, including a loading part, a sensing part and data acquisition equipment; the frame adopts a portal frame structure, and the loading part includes a tension and compression loading part and a torsional loading part, and the tension and compression loading adopt hydraulic pressure Oil cylinder loading method, torsional loading adopts the motor-driven reducer loading method; its feature is that the oil cylinder is installed on the lower part of the portal frame, and another fixed point for pulling and pressing is set on the upper part of the portal frame to form a tension and compression loading test space The torsion part is installed on one side of the gantry frame, and the support plate of the torsion reducer is installed on the lower part of the side column. The torsional fixed end forms a torsional loading test space between the movable end and the fixed end; the other side of the frame is installed with a bending and torsion combination root flange for installing the bending and torsion combination test piece, and the loading part of the test piece is connected with the piston rod of the oil cylinder. By controlling the cylinder piston rod to move up and down, the alternating loading of the bending-torsion combined specimen is realized; the bending support is installed inside the portal frame, the two ends of the bending test beam are installed in the bending support, and the beam loading part is connected with the cylinder piston rod. The alternating loading on the test beam is realized by controlling the cylinder piston rod to move up and down. 2. The multifunctional material mechanics testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the sensing part is provided with a cylinder pressure sensor, a cylinder piston rod displacement sensor, a torque sensor and a photoelectric encoder, which are used to respectively detect the The output tension, pressure, displacement of cylinder piston rod, torque of torsion test and rotation angle of torsion rotation spindle; all sensor output connectors are concentrated on one side of the testing machine for use by data acquisition equipment.

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