WO2019225256A1 - Installation de production de fer de réduction directe et procédé de production - Google Patents

Installation de production de fer de réduction directe et procédé de production Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019225256A1
WO2019225256A1 PCT/JP2019/017004 JP2019017004W WO2019225256A1 WO 2019225256 A1 WO2019225256 A1 WO 2019225256A1 JP 2019017004 W JP2019017004 W JP 2019017004W WO 2019225256 A1 WO2019225256 A1 WO 2019225256A1
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Prior art keywords
water
gas
reduced iron
cooling
cooled
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PCT/JP2019/017004
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
理彦 鉄本
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Tetsumoto Masahiko
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Publication of WO2019225256A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019225256A1/fr

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/02—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in shaft furnaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a directly reduced iron production facility and method, and more particularly to a directly reduced iron production facility and method capable of reducing water consumption.
  • This reducing gas is typically a steam alone or a hydrocarbon gas such as natural gas mainly containing methane (CH 4 ) with water vapor and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) as an oxidant. It is produced by reacting with an oxidant at a high temperature by a reformer.
  • This reducing gas introduced into the vertical reduction furnace reacts with iron oxide in the reduction furnace, and a part thereof becomes an oxidant of water vapor and carbon dioxide.
  • the main components of the gas (top gas) discharged from the reduction furnace are these oxidizing agents and reducing gases of unreacted hydrogen and carbon monoxide.
  • the top gas is dusted with a scrubber, cooled and then pressurized, introduced into a reformer along with new hydrocarbon gas, and recycled.
  • a cooling zone is provided at the lower part of the reduction zone, and a cooling gas (cooling gas) is introduced into the reduction furnace to reduce the reduced iron (DRI). Is cooling.
  • the cooling gas used for this cooling is discharged from the intermediate part of the furnace below the reducing gas introduction part of the reducing furnace, removed by a scrubber and cooled, and then pressurized and circulated.
  • a reformed gas cooler that cools a part of the reformed gas to control the temperature of the reformed gas, and a non-requirement necessary to prevent reoxidation of the reduced iron (DRI).
  • the cooling water used for the seal gas cooler for cooling the combustion exhaust gas of the reformer necessary for producing the active gas (seal gas), as well as the equipment cooling water for cooling the equipment, are necessary. In order to recycle water, it is necessary to cool the circulating water. For this reason, usually, an open cooling tower is used to cool and circulate with the heat of evaporation.
  • waste water for managing the salt contained in the makeup water and the salt and other dissolved components mixed in from the raw materials such as iron ore powder below the specified value
  • moisture slurry moisture
  • Patent Document 2 proposes that a closed system that cools the dust removal water or cooling water necessary for the direct reduction iron making process with seawater is used to prevent evaporation loss and reduce water consumption.
  • the water system of the reduced iron (DRI) manufacturing facility directly removes circulating ore from the iron ore powder in order to remove iron ore powder.
  • impurities are mixed from other than makeup water.
  • a calcium coating is applied to iron ore with calcium hydroxide or the like to improve productivity, and a lot of this calcium coating powder is mixed in water.
  • This water quality management mainly uses impurities such as hardness, alkalinity, total amount of dissolved impurities, chloride ion concentration, and sulfate ion concentration as impurities, which are mixed or dissolved in water. To manage.
  • the reducing gas used for reduction contains a lot of hydrogen and carbon monoxide flammable gas or toxic gas, and seal gas is used for the purpose of preventing the reducing gas from leaking outside.
  • a gas mainly containing nitrogen and carbon dioxide or a gas mainly containing nitrogen is used as the seal gas. Since a part of the seal gas is mixed into the circulation gas for reforming or reduction, nitrogen is mixed into the circulation gas. By the reaction of nitrogen and hydrogen, ammonia is generated in the circulating gas in the process of reforming or reduction.
  • Patent Document 2 in order to reduce the concentration of impurities in the makeup water, it is disclosed that water generated by hydrogen reduction at the time of reduction is recovered from the top gas, and the water is cooled and reused using seawater or air as a refrigerant. ing.
  • FeO x + 1 / 2X ⁇ H 2 Fe + 1 / 2X ⁇ H 2 O
  • FeO x represents iron oxide and includes Fe 2 O 3 and Fe 3 O 4 .
  • Patent Document 2 Even in a plant that employs a closed water system that cools with seawater that can most reduce the amount of water consumption, it is one of the general open-system plants for the above reasons. About 2 to 1/3 of replenishing water was required.
  • the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and provides a directly reduced iron manufacturing facility and a manufacturing method capable of significantly reducing water consumption without being affected by location conditions. With the goal.
  • the present invention provides a process that can further reduce water consumption in the process of cooling water in seawater or air, and a process that reduces water consumption without using seawater cooling.
  • the present invention provides a process capable of reducing water consumption by degassing harmful dissolved gases such as carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), carbon monoxide (CO), and ammonia (NH 3 ).
  • harmful dissolved gases such as carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), carbon monoxide (CO), and ammonia (NH 3 ).
  • blow-down water is treated and purified, and then returned to circulating water, and the concentrated wastewater concentrated by the treatment is purified and effectively used to achieve stable operation of the plant and reduce water consumption.
  • polluted waste water factory waste liquid
  • the present invention not only collects water generated in the reduction process, but also cools a gas containing a large amount of water vapor such as combustion exhaust gas generated by combustion of a combustion device used for heating a reformer, and clean water in the gas.
  • the first feature is to separate and recover.
  • the present invention improves the recovered water amount and recovery efficiency by cooling by mixing a high oxygen-containing gas such as pure oxygen with the combustion oxidizing gas used to heat the reformer and raising the water vapor partial pressure in the exhaust gas.
  • a high oxygen-containing gas such as pure oxygen
  • the second feature is to make it.
  • the third aspect of the present invention is to provide a demineralization function and a solid content separation function in the directly reduced iron production facility, and to provide a purification function to remove impurities mixed in from the feed water and iron ore powder. It is characterized by.
  • blowdown water necessary to discharge the mixed impurities out of the system in an appropriate amount is sprayed on the reformer's exhaust gas or the exhaust gas during the production of calcined pellets, and cooled after removing salt and solids with a dry dust collector Clean water is collected, or blow-down water is used as calcium coating water for the fired pellets, spray water for cooling the fired pellets, spray water for cooling the DRI, or for adjusting the furnace top temperature or for the raw material.
  • a third feature is that it is used as water for clogging elimination in a hopper to separate clean water from salt and solids.
  • the present invention has a fourth feature that the circulating water line has a degassing function in order to lower the concentration of harmful dissolved gas dissolved in water after indirectly cooling the return water containing the recovered water. To do.
  • the present invention has the following configuration.
  • the present invention is a direct reduced iron production facility for directly producing reduced iron by bringing a raw material and a reducing gas into contact with each other in a reduction furnace.
  • This direct reduced iron production facility directly cools the combustion exhaust gas containing the externally heated reformer that produces the reducing gas that reduces the raw material and the steam discharged from the reformer, and condenses and recovers the moisture in the combustion exhaust gas.
  • a water-cooled cooler is a direct reduced iron production facility for directly producing reduced iron by bringing a raw material and a reducing gas into contact with each other in a reduction furnace.
  • the combustion oxidizing gas supplied to the reformer is a high oxygen-containing gas adjusted to a higher concentration than the oxygen concentration in the atmosphere.
  • the directly reduced iron production facility includes an evaporator for spraying water containing impurities and a dry dust collector for removing impurities on the upstream side of the water-cooled cooler.
  • the directly reduced iron manufacturing facility further includes a cooling heat exchanger that indirectly cools the return water of the water-cooled cooler other than the circulating water that is circulated and used in the manufacturing facility.
  • At least a part of the gas cooled by the water-cooled cooler is used as the refrigerant of the cooling heat exchanger.
  • the directly reduced iron production facility of a further preferred embodiment further includes a precooler between the reformer and the water-cooled cooler for precooling the combustion exhaust gas with at least a part of the gas cooled by the water-cooled cooler.
  • the refrigerant cooled in the cooling heat exchanger is selectively used or mixed with the gas cooled by the water-cooled cooler and the atmosphere.
  • the directly reduced iron production facility of a further preferred embodiment further includes a degassing device for degassing the return water of the water-cooled cooler.
  • the deaeration device is provided on the downstream side of the cooling heat exchanger.
  • Another embodiment of the present invention is a production facility for directly reduced iron in which a raw material and a reducing gas are brought into contact with each other in a reduction furnace to directly produce reduced iron, and the directly reduced iron is briquetted hot.
  • This direct reduced iron production facility includes a hot briquette machine that produces hot briquette iron from high temperature direct reduced iron, a briquette quench conveyor that conveys the produced hot briquette iron, and a hot briquette on the briquette quench conveyor.
  • a steam-containing gas containing water vapor that is generated when water is sprayed onto iron to cool it is sucked and indirectly cooled to condense and recover moisture in the steam-containing gas, and discharged from the cooling condenser.
  • a water-cooled cooler that condenses and recovers moisture in the gas discharged from the cooling condenser.
  • water in which an alkali component is concentrated to a concentration higher than the concentration of make-up water is used as water sprayed on hot briquette iron.
  • the directly reduced iron manufacturing facility further includes a cooling heat exchanger that indirectly cools the return water of the water-cooled cooler other than the circulating water that is circulated and used in the manufacturing facility.
  • At least a part of the gas cooled by the water-cooled cooler is used as the refrigerant of the cooling heat exchanger.
  • the refrigerant cooled in the cooling heat exchanger is selectively used or mixed with the gas cooled by the water-cooled cooler and the atmosphere.
  • the present invention is a method for producing directly reduced iron, in which raw material and reducing gas are brought into contact with each other in a reducing furnace to produce directly reduced iron.
  • the direct reduced iron manufacturing method includes a cooling process in which combustion exhaust gas containing water vapor discharged from an externally heated reformer that produces a reducing gas for reducing raw materials is directly cooled with a water-cooled cooler, and a water-cooled cooler. And a recovery step of condensing and recovering moisture in the cooled gas.
  • the combustion oxidizing gas supplied to the reformer is a high oxygen-containing gas adjusted to a higher concentration than the oxygen concentration in the atmosphere.
  • Another preferred embodiment of the method for producing directly reduced iron further includes a spraying step of spraying water containing impurities on the flue gas before the direct cooling step, and a removing step of removing impurities after the spraying step.
  • the method for producing directly reduced iron further includes an indirect water cooling step of indirectly cooling the return water of the water cooled cooler.
  • an indirect water cooling step of indirectly cooling the return water of the water cooled cooler.
  • water other than circulating water that is circulated and used in the production facility of directly reduced iron is used as a refrigerant.
  • the water indirect cooling step at least a part of the gas cooled by the water-cooled cooler is used as the refrigerant.
  • the directly reduced iron manufacturing method of a further preferred embodiment further includes a precooling step of precooling the combustion exhaust gas with at least a part of the gas cooled by the water-cooled cooler before the direct cooling step.
  • the gas cooled by the water-cooled cooler and the atmosphere are selectively used or mixed as the refrigerant.
  • the method for producing directly reduced iron according to a more preferred embodiment further includes a deaeration step of degassing the return water of the water-cooled cooler after the water indirect cooling step.
  • Another embodiment of the present invention is a method for producing directly reduced iron, in which raw material and reducing gas are brought into contact with each other in a reduction furnace to produce directly reduced iron, and the directly reduced iron is briquetted hot.
  • This method for producing directly reduced iron is a steam containing steam generated when sprayed with hot briquette iron produced from high-temperature directly reduced iron and sprayed with water in which the alkali component is concentrated to a concentration higher than the makeup water concentration.
  • a gas indirect cooling process in which the contained gas is indirectly cooled with a cooling condenser, a direct cooling process in which the gas cooled in the gas indirect cooling process is further directly cooled with a water-cooled cooler, and a gas cooled in the water-cooled cooler.
  • the method for producing directly reduced iron further includes an indirect water cooling step of indirectly cooling the return water of the water cooled cooler.
  • an indirect water cooling step of indirectly cooling the return water of the water cooled cooler.
  • water other than circulating water that is circulated and used in the production facility of directly reduced iron is used as a refrigerant.
  • the water indirect cooling step at least a part of the gas cooled by the water-cooled cooler is used as the refrigerant.
  • the gas cooled by the water-cooled cooler and the atmosphere are selectively used or mixed as the refrigerant.
  • the present invention is a direct reduction iron production facility that directly produces reduced iron by bringing a raw material and a reducing gas into contact with each other in a reduction furnace, and direct reduction by bringing the raw material and the reduction gas into contact with each other in the reduction furnace using the production facility. It is a manufacturing method of direct reduction iron which manufactures iron.
  • a conventional general direct reduced iron production facility 40 and production method will be described with reference to FIG.
  • hydrocarbon gas such as natural gas is reformed, and the reformed gas (reduced gas) is brought into contact with the raw material made of iron ore or calcined pellets in the reducing furnace 2 to reduce the raw material.
  • This is a facility for directly producing reduced iron (DRI).
  • a general direct reduction iron manufacturing facility 40 manufactures a vertical reduction furnace (reduction furnace) 2 for reducing raw materials, a raw material charging conveyor 1 for charging raw materials into the reduction furnace 2, and a reducing gas for reducing raw materials. And an externally heated reformer 6 for supplying to the reduction furnace 2.
  • the directly reduced iron production facility 40 removes and cools the top gas discharged from the top of the reduction furnace 2 to the top gas scrubber 4, the reformed gas cooler 8 that cools the reformed gas, and the reduction furnace 2.
  • a cooling gas circulation system that circulates and supplies gas, a seal gas cooler 11 that cools the combustion exhaust gas discharged from the reformer 6, and a preheater that preheats or cools the combustion exhaust gas are provided.
  • the directly reduced iron manufacturing facility 40 includes a clarifier 18 that removes solids mixed in water circulated and used in the manufacturing facility 40, a hot water sump 19 that stores water, and a cooling tower 20 that cools water.
  • the preheater is composed of a combustion air preheater 14, a primary process gas preheater 15, and a secondary process gas preheater 16.
  • the raw material consisting of iron ore or calcined pellets is input from the upper part of the vertical reduction furnace 2 via the raw material input conveyor 1, and is reduced by the reducing gas supplied from the reformer 6 at the upper part.
  • a vertical reduction furnace cooling zone (cooling zone) 3 is disposed below the reduction furnace 2.
  • the cooling zone 3 is provided with a cooling gas circulation system including a cooling gas scrubber 9 and a cooling gas compressor 10.
  • the gas discharged from the cooling zone 3 is dust-removed and cooled by the cooling gas scrubber 9, the pressure is raised by the cooling gas compressor 10, and the cooling gas (cooling gas) is supplied to the cooling zone 3. It is circulating.
  • Directly reduced iron (DRI) which is a product, is discharged after being cooled with a cooling gas supplied from a cooling gas circulation system.
  • the direct reduced iron manufacturing facility 40 includes a hot briquette machine 13 that manufactures hot briquette iron from high-temperature direct reduced iron.
  • the HDRI is fed into the hot briquette machine 13 to manufacture hot briquette iron (HBI). It is also possible to do.
  • the reduced gas (top gas) discharged from the top of the reduction furnace 2 is dedusted and cooled by the top gas scrubber 4, and a part is used as fuel for the combustion device (burner) 7 of the reformer 6.
  • the other part of the top gas removed and cooled by the top gas scrubber 4 is pressurized by the process gas compressor 5 and mixed with a hydrocarbon gas such as natural gas (not shown).
  • Preheated by the preheater 15 and the secondary process gas preheater 16 reformed by the reformer 6, and again introduced into the reduction furnace 2.
  • the temperature of the gas charged into the reduction furnace 2 is adjusted by cooling a part of the reformed gas reformed by the reformer 6 with the reformed gas cooler 8 and returning it to the mainstream.
  • the reformer 6 is provided with a heating burner 7, and a part of the flue gas discharged by the combustion of the burner 7 is cooled by a seal gas cooler 11, and after being pressurized by a seal gas compressor 12, is inert. It is supplied to each use point not shown in the figure as a proper seal gas.
  • combustion exhaust gas of the reformer 6 is cooled and recovered by the combustion air preheater 14, the primary process gas preheater 15, and the secondary process gas preheater 16, and then is returned to the atmosphere via the ejector stack 17. Released.
  • the cooling water is divided into an equipment cooling water system (not shown) and a direct water system in direct contact with gas and dust.
  • the direct water is returned to the clarifier 18 after the gas is cooled in each of the coolers 8 and 11 and after the gas is removed and cooled in each of the scrubbers 4 and 9. Thereafter, most of the direct water is removed by the clarifier 18 and is temporarily stored in the hot water sump 19.
  • the hot water stored in the hot water sump 19 is cooled by the cooling tower 20 and supplied again to the top gas scrubber 4, the reformed gas cooler 8, the cooling gas scrubber 9, and the seal gas cooler 11.
  • the direct reduced iron manufacturing facility 40a of the first embodiment includes the configuration of the general direct reduced iron manufacturing facility 40 described above and functions in the same manner. That is, the directly reduced iron production equipment 40a includes a raw material charging conveyor 1, a vertical reduction furnace 2, a vertical reduction furnace cooling zone 3, a top gas scrubber 4, a process gas compressor 5, a reformer 6, a burner 7, and a reformed gas cooler.
  • Cooling gas scrubber 9 Cooling gas compressor 10
  • Seal gas cooler 11 Seal gas compressor 12
  • Hot briquette machine 13 Combustion air preheater 14
  • Primary process gas preheater 15 Secondary process gas preheater 16, Clari A fire 18, a hot water sump 19, and a cooling tower 20 are provided.
  • the directly reduced iron production facility 40a of the first embodiment directly cools the combustion exhaust gas containing water vapor discharged from the reformer 6, condenses and recovers the moisture in the combustion exhaust gas, A deaerator 27 for degassing the return water of the water cooler 22, a cooling heat exchanger 24 for indirectly cooling the return water of the water cooler 22, and a precooler 21 for precooling the combustion exhaust gas I have.
  • the water-cooled cooler 22 is configured as a reformer exhaust gas scrubber (wet scrubber) 22.
  • the cooling heat exchanger 24 is configured as a clean water cooling heat exchanger 24.
  • the deaeration device 27 is configured as a cooling tower, a decompression vessel, or a decompression pump.
  • the precooler 21 is configured as a reformer exhaust gas cooling heat exchanger 21.
  • the directly reduced iron production facility 40a of Embodiment 1 is provided with a desulfurization tower 25 for desulfurizing the reformer fuel.
  • the precooler 21 is located upstream of the water-cooled cooler 22 (reformer exhaust gas scrubber 22), specifically, between the reformer 6 and the reformer exhaust gas scrubber 22 in the flow of combustion exhaust gas discharged from the reformer 6.
  • the deaeration device is disposed downstream of the cooling heat exchanger 24 (clean water cooling heat exchanger 24) in the flow of water (return water) discharged from the water-cooled cooler 22.
  • combustion exhaust gas containing water vapor discharged from the reformer 6 that has been directly released to the atmosphere is preliminarily cooled by the reformer exhaust gas cooling heat exchanger 21 (preliminary cooling step), and then passed through the reformer exhaust gas scrubber 22.
  • the reformer exhaust gas scrubber 22 directly contacts the combustion exhaust gas with water to directly cool the combustion exhaust gas (direct cooling process), and the reformer exhaust gas scrubber 22 condenses the moisture in the cooled gas to reduce the moisture in the gas. Collect (collection process).
  • the water (return water) discharged from the reformer exhaust gas scrubber 22 is introduced into the clean water cooling heat exchanger 24 and indirectly cooled in the clean water cooling heat exchanger 24 (water indirect cooling step). Thereafter, the return water is stored in the water sump 38, introduced into the deaerator 27, and deaerated (deaeration step). Thereafter, when further cooling is required to circulate and use the return water, the auxiliary cooling tower 26 can be used to assist the cooling.
  • the gas cooled by the reformer exhaust gas scrubber 22 is introduced into the reformer exhaust gas cooling heat exchanger 21 and the clean water cooling heat exchanger 24 by the exhaust gas suction fan 23.
  • the gas cooled by the reformer exhaust gas scrubber 22 is used for preliminary cooling of the combustion exhaust gas in the reformer exhaust gas cooling heat exchanger 21 and is discharged from the reformer exhaust gas scrubber 22 in the clean water cooling heat exchanger 24. Used to cool return water.
  • the gas discharged from the clean water cooling heat exchanger 24 joins with the gas introduced into the reformer exhaust gas cooling heat exchanger 21 via the exhaust gas suction fan 23 and is introduced into the reformer exhaust gas cooling heat exchanger 21. Thereafter, the reformer exhaust gas cooling heat exchanger 21 cools the combustion exhaust gas to exchange heat, and then is released to the atmosphere.
  • the coolant of the clean water cooling heat exchanger 24 uses water other than circulating water that is circulated and used in the directly reduced iron manufacturing facility 40a.
  • the circulating water is the water that is collected in the hot water sump 19 and the water sump 38 and cooled as necessary, and then supplied to each part of the production facility 40a (each scrubber 4, 9, 22, each cooler 8, 11). It is.
  • a gas or seawater not shown can be used as the refrigerant.
  • at least a part of the gas cooled by the water-cooled cooler and the atmosphere are used as the refrigerant of the clean water cooling heat exchanger 24.
  • the gas and air cooled by the water-cooled cooler 22 can be used as the refrigerant of the clean water cooling heat exchanger 24, and when the gas and air cooled by the water-cooled cooler 22 are used.
  • the gas cooled by the water-cooled cooler 22 and the atmosphere can be selectively used or mixed.
  • the combustion oxidizing gas used for the combustion of the burner 7 of the reformer 6 uses a high oxygen-containing gas adjusted to a higher concentration than the oxygen concentration in the atmosphere. Is preferred.
  • the direct water discharged from the coolers 8 and 11 is returned to the water sump 38, and the direct water discharged from the scrubbers 4 and 9 is clarifier. 18 is returned to the hot water sump 19.
  • the sensible heat of the combustion exhaust gas is reduced by first preliminarily cooling the combustion exhaust gas from the reformer 6 with the reformer exhaust gas cooling heat exchanger 21. Thereafter, most of the moisture is recovered by the reformer exhaust gas scrubber 22.
  • the combustion exhaust gas from the reformer 6 is directly discharged from the ejector stack 17 to the atmosphere after heat recovery, or is sucked by a suction fan (not shown) and released to the atmosphere.
  • the amount of flue gas in the reduced iron per tonne of 1500 Nm 3 ⁇ 2000 Nm 3 owns about 20% moisture. In other words, it has a 0.24m 3 ⁇ 0.32m 3 about of moisture per reduced iron one ton.
  • most of the water of about 0.24 m 3 to 0.32 Nm 3 per ton of reduced iron contained in the combustion exhaust gas can be recovered and recycled by the reformer exhaust gas scrubber 22. .
  • the return water of the reformer exhaust gas scrubber 22 including the collected condensed water is indirectly cooled by the clean water cooling heat exchanger 24. Since the return water is heated by the sensible heat of the flue gas and the latent heat due to condensation of water, the amount of recovered water is equal to the amount of heat that cools the sensible heat of the flue gas even if the return water is directly cooled and circulated by a cooling tower etc. More water is consumed by evaporation. However, since the first embodiment has the above-described configuration, it is possible to separate and recover clean water without consuming water by evaporation during cooling necessary for circulating and using water. .
  • the temperature of the exhaust gas sucked through the reformer exhaust gas scrubber 22 depends on the amount of water supplied to the reformer exhaust gas scrubber 22 and the water temperature regardless of the outside air temperature, and therefore has a constant cooling capacity regardless of the region and season. Therefore, it is particularly effective in high temperature areas and high temperature seasons.
  • the clean water cooling heat exchanger 24 can introduce the atmosphere in addition to introducing the gas cooled by the reformer exhaust gas scrubber 22 as shown in FIG.
  • the return water of the reformer exhaust gas scrubber 22 can be cooled more efficiently by sucking the atmosphere, and a large amount of clean water can be obtained. It can be recovered.
  • the directly reduced iron production facility 40 a part of the top gas from the reduction furnace 2 is used as the fuel for the reformer 6, and the circulating gas containing the top gas prevents carbon deposition on the reformer 6 catalyst. Therefore, the hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) concentration is controlled to be constant. Therefore, sulfur oxide (SO x ) is contained in the combustion exhaust gas. Therefore, when this combustion exhaust gas is cooled below the acid dew point, it leads to corrosion of equipment such as a heat exchanger.
  • H 2 S hydrogen sulfide
  • SO x sulfur oxide
  • a line directly introducing the gas at the outlet of the reformer exhaust gas scrubber 22 and a gas heated by the clean water cooling heat exchanger 24 are mixed, and the gas on the surface of the reformer exhaust gas cooling heat exchanger 21 is mixed. It is possible to adjust the temperature so as not to condense the acid. Therefore, the problem of corrosion on the surface of the reformer exhaust gas cooling heat exchanger 21 can be solved.
  • the fuel of the reformer 6 is preheated by a preheater (not shown) and then desulfurized by the desulfurization tower 25, it can be cooled to a lower temperature and more water can be recovered. Is possible.
  • a combustion oxygen gas in the burner 7 is mixed with a high oxygen-containing gas whose oxygen concentration is higher than the atmospheric oxygen concentration, for example, pure oxygen or a nitrogen-containing gas with a high oxygen concentration equivalent thereto (not shown), and combustion oxygen
  • the water vapor partial pressure in the combustion exhaust gas can be increased by increasing the oxygen concentration of the contained gas.
  • the water of the reformed gas cooler 8, the seal gas cooler 11, and the reformer exhaust gas scrubber 22 that is not in direct contact with the iron ore powder or the calcium coating powder is used as the top gas scrubber 4, the cool link gas.
  • the clean water system is made independent from the water system that is in direct contact with the iron ore powder or calcium coating powder such as the scrubber 9 and the wet dust collector not shown.
  • the water quality of this clean water system is very good, and the surplus water can be used not only as supplementary water for the water system in direct contact with iron ore powder or calcium coating powder, but also as other clean water in the factory .
  • the directly reduced iron production facility 40a includes the preliminary cooler 21, the cooling heat exchanger 24, the desulfurization tower 25, the auxiliary cooling tower 26, and the deaeration device 27.
  • the cooling heat exchanger 24, the desulfurization tower 25, the auxiliary cooling tower 26, and the deaeration device 27 are not essential components, and may be provided as necessary.
  • the manufacturing method of direct reduced iron is equipped with the preliminary cooling process, the water indirect cooling process, and the deaeration process
  • the preliminary cooling process, the water indirect cooling process, and the deaeration process are essential processes. Instead, it is only necessary to provide necessary steps as necessary.
  • the method of cooling the return water of the reformer exhaust gas scrubber 22 has been described. However, the same effect can be obtained by cooling the return water of the reformed gas cooler 8 and the seal gas cooler 11 in the same manner.
  • the type of heat exchanger is not selected, and a normal shell and tube heat exchanger may be installed, or fins are attached to the piping to increase the heat transfer area and cool the system. .
  • FIG. 3 shows only points that are different from FIG. 2 showing the first embodiment, and illustration of other configurations is omitted. That is, in FIG. 3, the raw material charging conveyor 1, the reduction furnace 2, the cooling zone 3, the top gas scrubber 4, the reformed gas cooler 8, the cooling gas scrubber 9, the cooling gas compressor 10, the seal gas cooler 11, and the seal shown in FIG.
  • the configuration of the gas compressor 12, the hot briquette machine 13, the clarifier 18, the hot water sump 19, the cooling tower 20, and the desulfurization tower 25 is omitted.
  • the circulating gas in order to keep the ratio of hydrogen and carbon monoxide (H 2 / CO ratio) of the reducing gas at a predetermined ratio, the circulating gas is in a water saturated state at a predetermined temperature.
  • the water content in the circulating gas is controlled.
  • the gas state on the outlet side had to be maintained at a water saturation state of about 80 ° C. For this reason, it is necessary to cool the gas from the gas temperature rising due to adiabatic compression accompanying the pressure increase of the circulating gas to the saturation temperature, leading to an increase in the heat load on the water system.
  • the process gas compressor 5 is not a water-sealed / cooled rotary lob blower but a dry turbo blower.
  • a dry-type turbo blower water for sealing and cooling is not sprayed, so the energy at the time of adiabatic compression is used for increasing the temperature of the gas, and the energy can be used efficiently.
  • the directly reduced iron manufacturing apparatus 40b of the second embodiment includes a boiler 29 and a boiler supply water heat exchanger 28.
  • the boiler 29 is arranged so that the combustion exhaust gas discharged from the reformer 6 can be effectively recovered from the combustion exhaust gas until the combustion exhaust gas is introduced into the reformer exhaust gas scrubber 22.
  • Boiler supply water to be supplied to the boiler 29 is preheated with return water from the reformer exhaust gas scrubber 22 in the boiler supply water heat exchanger 28.
  • steam is manufactured from the boiler feed water preheated with the boiler 29 installed in the off gas, and the steam is mixed with the circulating top gas (process gas) whose pressure is increased on the outlet side of the primary process gas preheater 15.
  • the amount of water at the entrance of the reformer 6 is controlled. This makes it possible to effectively utilize the energy of adiabatic compression in the process gas compressor and adjust the water content.
  • the boiler 29 is installed for moisture control, and steam is generated and controlled by the input amount.
  • the return water of the reformer exhaust gas scrubber 22 is sprayed on the outlet side of the primary process gas preheater 15. You may control.
  • Embodiment 3 is a directly reduced iron production facility and method of the present invention, particularly a directly reduced iron production facility and method for briquetting directly reduced iron.
  • Embodiment 3 has shown the case where the water vapor containing gas containing the vapor
  • HBI hot briquette iron
  • a part of the directly reduced iron production facility 40a of the first embodiment is extracted and changed. That is, in FIG.
  • the direct reduced iron manufacturing facility 40c of Embodiment 3 includes a reduction furnace 2 for reducing raw materials, a raw material charging conveyor 1 for charging raw materials into the reduction furnace 2, and hot briquettes for manufacturing hot briquette iron from high-temperature direct reduced iron.
  • the machine 13 and the briquette quench conveyor 33 which conveys the manufactured hot briquette iron are provided.
  • the directly reduced iron production facility 40c indirectly cools by sucking a steam-containing gas containing water vapor generated when water is sprayed on the briquette quench conveyor 33 to cool the hot briquette iron.
  • a cooling condenser 34 that condenses and recovers moisture
  • a water-cooled cooler that further directly cools the gas discharged from the cooling condenser 34 and condenses and recovers moisture in the gas discharged from the cooling condenser 34. (Wet scrubber) 22.
  • Embodiment 3 as water sprayed on HBI, that is, spray water used for cooling HBI, water in which alkaline components such as calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) are concentrated more than the concentration in the supplementary water, that is, a reverse osmosis membrane, etc.
  • the desalinization waste water in which impurities are concentrated when impurities such as salinity are removed from the blow-down water using the desalting apparatus 32 is used.
  • the directly reduced iron production facility 40 c includes the top gas scrubber 4, the reformed gas cooler 8, and the seal gas cooler 11 as in the first embodiment of FIG. 2.
  • the top gas scrubber 4 and the return water (direct contact water) 30 from the wet dust collector provided at the dust generation location in the facility (not shown) and the clean water system shown in Embodiment 1 (FIG. 2) are separate systems. Otherwise, the return water 30 from the reformed gas cooler 8 and the seal gas cooler 11 is returned to the clarifier 18.
  • a chemical such as an aggregating agent is added, and the solid content is separated by settling.
  • the water after the sedimentation process is collected in a hot water sump 19 and cooled by an indirect cooler such as a cooling tower 20 or a seawater heat exchanger (not shown). Thereafter, the water is supplied to the top gas scrubber 4 and the cooling gas scrubber 9 in the same manner as in the first embodiment (FIG. 2) for circulation.
  • an indirect cooler such as a cooling tower 20 or a seawater heat exchanger (not shown).
  • impurities such as salt are mixed not only from makeup water but also from iron ore powder or calcium coating powder. Therefore, even if the consumption of water due to evaporation is prevented, a certain amount of blow-down is required, resulting in the need for a large amount of makeup water, and it has been difficult to significantly reduce the consumption of water.
  • the blowdown water can be treated and the water can be purified and recovered. Specifically, water cooled by the cooling tower 20 or a seawater heat exchanger (not shown) is circulated and used, but a part thereof is blown down.
  • the circulating water necessary for the blowdown is passed through the filter 31 and the treated water treated by the filter 31 is put into a desalination treatment device 32 such as a reverse osmosis membrane.
  • the filtered water supplied to the desalting apparatus 32 is separated into desalted water that does not contain impurities and desalted waste water that is concentrated with impurities.
  • the amount of water consumed during filtration can be eliminated by returning the filtered wastewater to the clarifier 18. Further, the makeup water can be reduced by returning the desalinated water to the cold water sump 35.
  • Embodiment 3 the desalinization waste water with concentrated impurities is sprayed on the hot compression briquette (HBI) on the briquette quench conveyor 33 to cool the HBI. This eliminates the need for normal HBI spray water and reduces water consumption.
  • HBI hot compression briquette
  • the main components of impurities in this desalination treatment wastewater are alkaline components such as calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and sodium (Na), and these are in the electric melting furnace, which is the next step of the production method of directly reduced iron. Since it is also an additive, it contributes to the reduction of the additive in electric furnace melting
  • the water vapor-containing gas containing the water vapor evaporated by the briquette quench conveyor 33 is introduced into the cooling condenser 34.
  • the water vapor-containing gas is indirectly cooled with a refrigerant other than circulating water such as air or seawater (gas indirect cooling step), condensed, and recovered as clean water.
  • a mist removing device (not shown) on the outlet side of the cooling condenser 34, the clean water can be recovered more effectively. Clean water recovered by the cooling condenser 34 is stored in a water sump 38.
  • the cooling of the gas containing water vapor in the cooling condenser 34 can be used by mixing the atmosphere and the gas cooled by the wet scrubber 22.
  • the air can be condensed more efficiently by introducing a large amount of gas cooled by the wet scrubber 22 when the atmospheric temperature is low such as in winter and when the atmospheric temperature is high such as in summer. ing.
  • the return water of the wet scrubber 22 is used as the clean water cooling heat exchanger 24 in the same manner as the direct reduced iron manufacturing facility 40a and the manufacturing method of the first embodiment. Indirect cooling with. As a result, in the same way as in the first embodiment, when cooling is necessary for circulating and using water, water is not consumed by evaporation, and clean water can be separated and recovered. The return water cooled by the clean water cooling heat exchanger 24 is stored in the water sump 38.
  • the total heat recovery amount can be increased, and the water consumption can be more effectively reduced. Is possible.
  • Embodiment 3 shows the case where the desalinization wastewater is sprayed on the HBI. However, a part of the desalination wastewater may be added from the top of the furnace together with the raw iron ore and fired pellets. In this case, moisture evaporates in the upper part of the reduction furnace 2, and impurities adhere to the raw material and are discharged together with the product.
  • the evaporated water is collected as clean water by the top gas scrubber 4 (not shown), and the same effect as water spray on the HBI is obtained.
  • Impurities adhering to raw materials such as iron ore or calcined pellets are the main components of alkaline components and valuable materials for melting in electric furnaces, and Ca and Mg, which have a high melting temperature, are the main components. It can be reduced at high temperatures and contributes to the improvement of productivity.
  • the present invention is not limited to this, and the mixed water for the slaked lime slurry used when applying the calcium coating may be used. good.
  • the pellet plant when it is adjacent, it may be sprayed on the pellet on the outlet side of the pellet cooler. Even in this case, since the surface of the raw material adheres Ca or Mg to the pellet surface, high-temperature operation during reduction is possible, and evaporated water vapor can be recovered as clean water.
  • FIG. 5 only the points that are changed from FIG. 2 showing the first embodiment are shown, and illustration of other configurations is omitted. That is, in FIG. 5, the raw material charging conveyor 1, the reduction furnace 2, the cooling zone 3, the top gas scrubber 4, the reformed gas cooler 8, the cooling gas scrubber 9, the cooling gas compressor 10, the seal gas cooler 11, and the seal shown in FIG.
  • the configuration of the gas compressor 12, the hot briquette machine 13, the clarifier 18, the hot water sump 19, the cooling tower 20, and the desulfurization tower 25 is omitted.
  • the combustion exhaust gas of the reformer 6 has a heat quantity of about 200 ° C. to 400 ° C. even after preheating of the combustion oxidizing gas and fuel. Using this excess heat amount, the blow-down water is evaporated by the evaporator 36 and then passed through the dry dust collector 37 to separate and remove impurities such as solids and salt in the blow-down water.
  • the moisture in the blowdown water can be recovered in addition to the water originally contained in the combustion exhaust gas.
  • the heat balance of the reformer exhaust gas scrubber 22 including the sprayed water sprayed on the evaporator 36 is the same as when the spray is not sprayed on the evaporator 36. It is extremely effective.
  • the blow-down water may be a further concentrated desalted water after the desalination treatment facility, or may be directly used blow-down water from the circulating water without providing a desalination treatment facility.
  • dry dust collector 37 is not selected, and for example, a cyclone dust collector, an electric dust collector, a filter cloth dust collector, or the like may be used.
  • the arrangement of the preheaters 14, 15, 16 and the reformer exhaust gas cooling heat exchanger 21 is not limited to FIG. 5.
  • the reformer exhaust gas cooling heat exchanger 21 may be arranged downstream of the dry dust collector 37. good.
  • oxidation in dry precipitator inlet 37 side calcium-calcium hydroxide by blowing a material containing an alkali metal such as calcium carbonate, it is possible to remove reacted with an acid such as SO x in the exhaust gas.
  • the acid dew point of the exhaust gas can be lowered, so that the corrosion on the surface of the heat exchanger 21 described above can be prevented and the heat can be recovered to a low temperature.
  • Embodiments 1, 2, and 4 described above an example in which moisture is recovered from the combustion exhaust gas of the reformer 6 is shown.
  • the water can be recovered and purified by spraying and recovering water containing impurities such as alkali components and solids on the exhaust gas while recovering.
  • Embodiments 1, 2, and 4 By combining the above Embodiments 1, 2, and 4 with a conventional method of cooling circulating water with seawater or the like, direct reduced iron production equipment (ironworks), or a pellet plant and direct reduced iron production equipment It is possible to operate a steelworks that does not require supply water in the integrated steelworks that it has. Therefore, it is particularly effective in areas where it is difficult to supply good quality water.
  • ironworks direct reduced iron production equipment
  • pellet plant direct reduced iron production equipment
  • Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 3 Specific examples of water reduction are shown below.
  • the return water from the reformer exhaust gas scrubber 22 is cooled with a mixed gas of the gas discharged from the reformer exhaust gas scrubber 22 and the atmosphere, and a degassing device 27 is provided in the line. in, it can be recovered from the direct reduction iron per ton of about 0.2m 3 salinity of 0.3m 3, as clean water that does not contain solids.
  • Embodiment 3 When the capacity of the filtration device 31 and the desalination treatment device 32 described in Embodiment 3 is about 0.3 m 3 per ton of directly reduced iron, a blow down of 0.3 m 3 per ton of directly reduced iron is performed. As a result, it is possible to maintain good water quality even if impurities are mixed in from iron ore powder or calcium coating powder.
  • the treated water recovered from the desalting treatment apparatus 32 is clean water, the treated water can be used as clean water containing no salt and solids as described above.
  • the dry dust collector 37 collects the salt and solids.
  • the total required water amount is about 1/4 or less.
  • the return water from the top gas scrubber 4 is indirectly cooled with seawater or air, it is possible not only to supply makeup water but also to supply surplus clean water. It will be a facility for producing directly reduced iron that can contribute to environmental conservation without the need for wastewater.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)

Abstract

Le problème décrit par la présente invention, en ce qui concerne une installation de production de fer de réduction directe et un procédé de fabrication, est de résoudre le problème d'impuretés mélangées, par exemple, à de la poudre de minerai de fer, et des gaz dissous toxiques, et de réduire sensiblement la consommation d'eau sans être régi par des facteurs géographiques. La solution de l'invention, dans une installation de production de fer de réduction directe, porte sur un gaz contenant de grandes quantités de vapeur, par exemple, le gaz évacué d'un reformeur chauffé de manière externe qui est refroidi pour récupérer la fraction d'eau dans le gaz. De plus, un système d'eau de refroidissement est pourvu d'une installation de dégazéification pour éliminer les gaz dissous toxiques, et est pourvu d'une fonction de dessalement et d'une fonction de séparation de matières solides pour éliminer les impuretés contenues dans l'eau d'alimentation et les impuretés mélangées, par exemple, dans la poudre de minerai de fer, fonctionnant ainsi en tant que purificateur. Le besoin en eau d'appoint est alors soit sensiblement réduit, soit éliminé. Les eaux usées contaminées deviennent également superflues.
PCT/JP2019/017004 2018-05-23 2019-04-22 Installation de production de fer de réduction directe et procédé de production WO2019225256A1 (fr)

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CN115916355A (zh) * 2020-06-23 2023-04-04 米德雷克斯技术公司 用于直接还原工艺的密封气体优化系统和方法
US11655511B2 (en) 2020-06-23 2023-05-23 Midrex Technologies, Inc. Seal gas optimization systems and methods for a direct reduction process

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WO2016199291A1 (fr) * 2015-06-12 2016-12-15 株式会社神戸製鋼所 Procédé de production de fer réduit
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JPS5693790A (en) * 1979-12-28 1981-07-29 Sumitomo Heavy Ind Ltd Apparatus for recovery of high-pressure steam during quenching of coke
JPS58179287A (ja) * 1982-04-15 1983-10-20 Osaka Gas Co Ltd コ−クス冷却設備
JPH08245243A (ja) * 1995-03-08 1996-09-24 Rasa Shoji Kk 溶鉱炉溶滓の水砕システムにおける有害ガス処理方法および処理設備
JP2003027149A (ja) * 2001-07-10 2003-01-29 Kobe Steel Ltd 還元鉄ブリケットの製造方法
WO2011012448A1 (fr) * 2009-07-31 2011-02-03 Siemens Vai Metals Technologies Gmbh Procédé de réduction faisant appel à un gaz reformé avec recyclage des effluents gazeux issus de la réduction et décarbonisation de la partie des effluents gazeux utilisée comme gaz de combustion pour le reformeur
WO2016199291A1 (fr) * 2015-06-12 2016-12-15 株式会社神戸製鋼所 Procédé de production de fer réduit
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CN115916355A (zh) * 2020-06-23 2023-04-04 米德雷克斯技术公司 用于直接还原工艺的密封气体优化系统和方法
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US11655511B2 (en) 2020-06-23 2023-05-23 Midrex Technologies, Inc. Seal gas optimization systems and methods for a direct reduction process
CN115916355B (zh) * 2020-06-23 2024-06-07 米德雷克斯技术公司 用于直接还原工艺的密封气体优化系统和方法
US12098436B2 (en) 2020-06-23 2024-09-24 Midrex Technologies, Inc. Seal gas optimization systems and methods for a direct reduction process

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