WO2019204970A1

WO2019204970A1 - Novel coastal wetland erosion protection structure and construction method therefor

Info

Publication number: WO2019204970A1
Application number: PCT/CN2018/084138
Authority: WO
Inventors: 李华军; 梁丙臣; 孙文轩; 杨冬铁; 付斌清
Original assignee: 中国海洋大学
Priority date: 2018-04-24
Filing date: 2018-04-24
Publication date: 2019-10-31
Also published as: JP7097103B2; JP2021502508A

Abstract

A novel coastal wetland erosion protection structure, comprising: a sloping dike and breakwater vegetation, the breakwater vegetation covering the top of the sloping dike. The sloping dike comprises a riprap foundation (8), a riprap dike core (7), perforated caissons (6), a dry masonry protection surface (5), and an artificial wetland material (2); the riprap dike core (7) is formed on the top of the riprap foundation (8); the perforated caissons (6) are embedded inside the riprap dike core (7); the dry masonry protection surface (5) covers the slope of the riprap dike core (7); the interiors of the perforated caissons (6) and the dike top of the riprap dike core (7) are filled with the artificial wetland material (2); the breakwater vegetation covers both the surface of the dry masonry protection surface (5) and the surface of the artificial wetland material (2).

Description

New structure of coastal wetland erosion protection and construction method thereof

Technical field

The invention relates to the field of coastal wetland protection wave-eliminating technology, and more particularly to a coastal wetland erosion protection new structure and a construction method thereof.

Background technique

Coastal wetlands refer to the interlaced transition zone between terrestrial ecosystems and marine ecosystems. According to the definition of the International Convention on Wetlands, the lower limit of coastal wetlands is 6 meters below sea level, and the upper limit is the freshwater or brackish water lakes connected to the inner river basin above the tide line and the reaches of the river that cannot reach the sea. Coastal wetlands are precious natural resources and one of the important ecosystem components, with irreplaceable comprehensive functions.

In order to protect coastal wetlands from the damage of the offshore waves, the current traditional breakwaters for coastal wetlands, on the one hand, need to obtain a large amount of floor space and engineering volume to obtain the desired wave-eliminating effect, on the other hand, by concrete and The wave-blocking structure of the stone is incompatible with the lush wetland landscape, destroying the ornamental value of the wetland landscape.

Therefore, how to provide a new structure for coastal wetland erosion protection and its construction method is an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.

Summary of the invention

In view of this, the present invention provides a new structure for coastal wetland erosion protection, which combines structural wave elimination with vegetation wave elimination, thereby ensuring that the beautiful natural landscape of the coastal wetland is not damaged, and that a smaller footprint and The amount of work gets a better wave-eliminating effect.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A new structure for coastal wetland erosion protection includes: a slope embankment and a wave-removing vegetation, the top of the slope bank is covered with the wave-removing vegetation; the slope bank includes: a riprap bed, a riprap core, and an opening a caissons, a dry stone masonry and a constructed wetland material, the top of the riprap bed being filled with the riprap core, the open caisson being embedded in the interior of the riprap core, the dry masonry a protective cover covering a slope of the riprap core, the artificial wetland material filling a dam of the interior of the open caisson and the riprap; the dry masonry and the constructed wetland The surface of the material is covered with the wave-removing vegetation. The dry stone masonry provides protection for the internal riprap core. The constructed wetland material provides planting conditions for the undulating vegetation. The sloping levee itself has the wave-eliminating effect of the traditional wave-eliminating structure, and the embedded open caisson is ecological protection. The key to the seawall. The new structure of coastal wetland erosion protection provided by the invention combines structural wave elimination with vegetation wave elimination, which can ensure that the beautiful natural landscape of the coastal wetland is not damaged, and that a smaller footprint and engineering quantity can be used to obtain better. Wave clipping effect.

Wherein, the riprap core has a stepped shape, and the top of the open caisson is lower than the levee of the riprap core. The slope-type riprap core can keep different vegetations at a reasonable wave-breaking depth and improve the wave-eliminating efficiency.

Preferably, the wave-clearing vegetation comprises a halophyte, a salt-bearing tree shrub and an artificial water plant, the halophyte being planted on the artificial wetland material of the embankment of the riprap core, the salt Raw arbor shrubs are planted on the constructed wetland material inside the open caisson, and the artificial aquatic plants are fixed on the surface of the dry masonry facing. The long-rooted salt-producing tree shrubs are planted on the artificial wetland material inside the open caisson, which realizes the organic combination of the wave-removing vegetation and the breakwater; the artificial water grass can play a better slow flow and a certain wave-eliminating effect.

Preferably, the height of the halophyte is not completely submerged when the water level is set to a high water level, and is not completely exposed to the air at a low water level, thereby avoiding a significant decrease in the wave-eliminating effect after the water level exceeds the canopy. The planting depth of the salt-producing tree shrubs is such that the aerial roots are not completely submerged, and the survival of the plants is ensured.

Preferably, the riprap embankment adopts a grading block stone, and the smaller stone is placed on the lower part of the embankment or the slope, and the large stone is placed on the levee top and the outer slope with strong wave action to ensure the riprap Stability of the heart structure.

Preferably, the number of the open caisson is plural, and each of the open caisson is provided with a plurality of randomly distributed square holes, which can avoid local stress concentration of the riprap core structure and ensure the open caisson Water circulation of wetland materials.

Preferably, the sloped bank is arranged in a symmetrical structure, so that the overall coastal wetland erosion protection new structure is more beautiful.

The invention also discloses a construction method for a new structure of coastal wetland erosion protection, comprising the following steps:

S1, basic treatment: laying a riprap bed;

S2, after the riprap bed is solidified and dried, placing an open caisson on the riprap bed;

S3, using a graded block stone to carry out the core riprap, forming a stepped riprap core;

S4, performing dry masonry protection on the slope surface of the riprap core;

S5, filling the artificial wetland material in the interior of the open caisson and the embankment of the riprap core;

S6, laying artificial water grass on the surface of the dry masonry protective surface;

S7. Planting a halophyte on the constructed wetland material.

Wherein the halophyte in step S7 comprises a halophyte and a halophyte shrub; the halophyte is planted on the artificial wetland material of the embankment of the riprap core, A salt-producing tree shrub is planted on the constructed wetland material inside the open caisson.

According to the above technical solution, compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a new structure for coastal wetland erosion protection, which not only achieves better cross-sectional area through combination of structural wave elimination and vegetation wave elimination. The wave-eliminating effect, and the new coastal wetland erosion protection new structure are lush, blending with the beautiful wetland natural landscape, retaining the ornamental value of the coastal wetland landscape.

The invention also discloses a construction method for a new structure of coastal wetland erosion protection, which has simple steps, small occupied area and can protect the beautiful natural landscape of the coastal wetland.

DRAWINGS

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only It is an embodiment of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings according to the provided drawings without any creative work.

Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a new structure for coastal wetland erosion protection provided by the present invention.

2 is a flow chart of a construction method for a new structure of coastal wetland erosion protection provided by the present invention.

Among them, 1 is a salt-bearing herb, 2 is a wetland material, 3 is artificial water grass, 4 is a salt-bearing tree shrub, 5 is a dry masonry face, 6 is a hole caisson, 7 is a tortoise core, 8 is a toss Stone bed.

detailed description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts are within the scope of the present invention.

A new structure for coastal wetland erosion protection, including: slope embankment and wave-removing vegetation, the top of the slope embankment is covered with wave-cutting vegetation; the slope embankment includes: riprap bed 8, riprap core 7, open caisson 6, dry The masonry face 5 and the constructed wetland material 2, the top of the riprap bed 8 is filled with a riprap core 7, the open caisson 6 is embedded in the interior of the riprap core 7, and the dry masonry cover 5 is covered in the riprap At the slope of the dike core 7, the constructed wetland material 2 is filled in the interior of the open caisson 6 and the embankment of the riprap core 7; the surfaces of the dry masonry surface 5 and the constructed wetland material 2 are covered with the undulating vegetation.

The new structure of coastal wetland erosion protection disclosed by the present invention, the dry masonry protection surface 5 provides protection for the internal riprap core 7, and the artificial wetland material 2 provides planting conditions for the undulating vegetation, and the slope dyke itself has a traditional wave-eliminating structure. The wave-eliminating effect, while the embedded open caisson 6 is the key to ecological protection of the seawall. The new structure of coastal wetland erosion protection provided by the invention combines structural wave elimination with vegetation wave elimination, which can ensure that the beautiful natural landscape of the coastal wetland is not damaged, and that a smaller footprint and engineering quantity can be used to obtain better. Wave clipping effect.

Among them, the riprap core 7 has a stepped shape, and the top of the open caisson 6 is lower than the levee of the riprap core 7. The slope-type riprap core 7 can maintain different vegetation levels at a reasonable wave-breaking depth and improve the wave-eliminating efficiency.

In order to further optimize the above technical solution, the wave-removing vegetation comprises a halophyte 1, a salt-bearing arbor shrub 4 and an artificial water grass 3, and the halophyte 1 is planted on the artificial wetland material 2 of the embankment of the riprap core 7. The salt-producing tree shrub 4 is planted on the artificial wetland material 2 inside the open caisson 6, and the artificial water grass 3 is fixed on the surface of the dry masonry surface 5. The long-rooted salt-producing tree shrubs 4 are planted on the constructed wetland material inside the caisson 6 to realize the organic combination of the wave-removing vegetation and the breakwater; the artificial water grass can play a better slow flow and a certain wave-eliminating effect.

In order to further optimize the above technical solution, the height of the herbaceous herb 1 is not completely submerged when it is set to a high water level, and is not completely exposed to the air at a low water level, thereby avoiding a significant decrease in the wave-eliminating effect after the water level exceeds the canopy. The planting depth of the salt-bearing arbor shrubs 4 is to ensure that the aerial roots are not completely submerged and to ensure the survival of the plants.

In order to further optimize the above technical solution, the riprap core 7 adopts a grading block stone, and the smaller stone is placed on the lower part of the embankment or the slope, and the large stone is placed on the top and the outer slope where the waves are strong. Ensure the stability of the structure of the stone core 7 .

In order to further optimize the above technical solution, the number of the open caisson 6 is plural, and each of the open caisson 6 is provided with a plurality of randomly distributed square holes, which can avoid local stress concentration of the structure of the riprap core 7 and ensure The water circulation of the wetland material in the caisson.

In order to further optimize the above technical solution, the slope embankment is arranged in a symmetrical structure, so that the overall coastal wetland erosion protects the aesthetics of the new structural structure.

A construction method for a new structure of coastal wetland erosion protection, comprising the following steps:

S1, basic treatment: laying riprap bed 8 to lay a solid foundation for the new structure of coastal wetland erosion protection;

S2, placing an open caisson 6 on the riprap bed 8 to realize the key of organic combination of the long-rooted salt-producing tree shrub 4 and the protective levee;

S3, using the graded block stone to carry out the core riprap, forming a stepped riprap core 7 to ensure the stability of the structure;

S4. Performing the construction of the dry masonry surface 5 on the slope surface of the riprap core 7 to realize the protection of the riprap core 7;

S5. Filling the interior of the caisson 6 and the embankment of the riprap core 7 with the artificial wetland material 2 to provide a planting foundation for the cultivation of the mulberry vegetation;

S6, laying artificial water grass 3 on the surface of the dry masonry surface 5, so that the slope surface of the riprap core 7 has a beautiful appearance;

S7. Planting a halophyte on the constructed wetland material 2, so that the vegetation is cleaned and the structure is eliminated.

Wherein, in step S7, the halophyte comprises a halophyte 1 and a salted arbor shrub 4; the halophyte 1 is planted on the constructed wetland material 2 of the embankment of the riprap core 7, and the salted arbor shrub 4 It is planted on the artificial wetland material 2 inside the open caisson 6.

The various embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same similar parts between the various embodiments may be referred to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the method part.

The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments are obvious to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but the scope of the invention is to be accorded

Claims

A new structure for coastal wetland erosion protection, characterized in that it comprises: a sloped bank and a wave-removing vegetation, the top of the sloped bank is covered with the wave-removing vegetation;

The slope bank includes: a riprap bed (8), a riprap core (7), an open caisson (6), a dry masonry face (5), and a constructed wetland material (2), the riprap base The top of the bed (8) is filled with the riprap core (7), and the open caisson (6) is embedded inside the riprap core (7), the dry masonry facing (5) Covering the slope of the riprap core (7), the constructed wetland material (2) is filled in the interior of the open caisson (6) and the embankment of the riprap core (7); The surface of the dry masonry face (5) and the constructed wetland material (2) are covered with the wave-removing vegetation;

The riprap core (7) has a sloped step shape, and the top of the open caisson (6) is lower than the levee of the riprap core (7).
A new coastal wetland erosion protection structure according to claim 1, wherein the wave-removing vegetation comprises: a salt-bearing herb (1), a salt-bearing tree shrub (4), and an artificial water grass (3). The halophyte (1) is planted on the artificial wetland material (2) of the embankment of the riprap core (7), and the halophyte shrub (4) is planted in the open caisson ( 6) On the internal artificial wetland material (2), the artificial water grass (3) is fixed to the surface of the dry stone masonry surface (5).
A new structure for coastal wetland erosion protection according to claim 1, characterized in that the height of the halophyte (1) is not completely submerged when set to a high water level, and is not completely exposed to air at a low water level. The planting depth of the salt-producing tree shrubs (4) is such that the aerial roots are not completely submerged.
A new structure for coastal wetland erosion protection according to claim 1, characterized in that the riprap core (7) is of a graded block.
A coastal wetland erosion protection new structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of the open caisson (6) is plural, and each of the open caisson (6) is provided with a plurality of Randomly distributed square holes.
A coastal wetland erosion protection new structure according to claim 1, wherein the slope bank is arranged in a symmetrical structure.
A construction method for a new structure for coastal wetland erosion protection, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:

S1, basic treatment: laying a riprap bed (8);

S2, placing an open caisson (6) on the riprap bed (8);

S3, using a graded block stone to carry out the core riprap, forming a stepped riprap core (7);

S4, performing dry stone masonry (5) on the slope surface of the riprap core (7);

S5, filling the artificial wetland material (2) inside the open caisson (6) and the embankment of the riprap core (7);

S6, laying artificial water grass (3) on the surface of the dry masonry protection surface (5);

S7. Planting a halophyte on the constructed wetland material (2).
The method for constructing a new coastal wetland erosion protection structure according to claim 7, wherein the halophyte in step S7 comprises a halophyte (1) and a salted tree shrub (4); The halophyte (1) is planted on the artificial wetland material (2) of the embankment of the riprap core (7), and the halophyte shrub (4) is planted in the open caisson (6) The artificial wetland material (2) inside.