CN115928648A - Ecological restoration system and restoration method for erosion coastal zone - Google Patents
Ecological restoration system and restoration method for erosion coastal zone Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN115928648A CN115928648A CN202211633716.6A CN202211633716A CN115928648A CN 115928648 A CN115928648 A CN 115928648A CN 202211633716 A CN202211633716 A CN 202211633716A CN 115928648 A CN115928648 A CN 115928648A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- coastal zone
- ecological
- coastal
- beach
- biological
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Landscapes
- Revetment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an ecological restoration system for an erosion coastal zone, which comprises: constructing a bank-connecting biological reef structure at the bank-connecting position of the coastal zone; a low beach biological reef structure which is constructed in a low beach area of the coastal zone and is positioned behind the shore-receiving biological reef structure; a first restored native vegetation planted in a beach area of the coastal zone and located behind the beach biological reef structure; a second remedial rural vegetation planted in a first half of the high beach area of the coastal zone; a plurality of tidal ditches are constructed in the front half section part of the middle and high beach area of the coastal zone at intervals along the direction vertical to the coastline; constructing a tidal pool in the latter half section of the mid-beach area of the coastal zone; and the ecological reconstruction slope protection is constructed on the sea wall slope protection. Also discloses a method for repairing the ecological repair system of the erosion coastal zone. The invention has the advantages of obvious treatment effect, obvious ecological support effect, outstanding disaster reduction effect and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ecological restoration engineering, in particular to an ecological restoration system for an erosion coastal zone and a restoration method thereof.
Background
Coastal zone ecosystems such as saline marsh wetlands serve as land-sea boundary zones, and play a role in conserving water sources, purifying water quality, regulating climate, eliminating waves and reducing disasters, maintaining biodiversity, supplying products, supporting carbon sinks and other ecological social values, but due to urban expansion caused by high-speed development of coastal economic zones and sea level rise, coastal erosion, foreign species invasion and other reasons caused by global climate change, the coastal zone ecosystems face extrusion in two directions of land and sea, and damage and degradation of structures and functions in different degrees are caused.
On the one hand, the sea level rise caused by global warming causes the degradation of the ecological system of the coastal zone in the global scope, especially erodes the coastal zone, such as the northern coastal sea area of Hangzhou gulf in the Shanghai, the saline marsh wetland base caused by the strong scouring of seawater is seriously damaged, and meanwhile, great difficulty is brought to the ecological restoration of the coastal zone. On the other hand, foreign invasive species such as spartina alterniflora and the like can occupy living spaces of original local vegetation, particularly herbaceous vegetation, in coastal zones, so that local vegetation such as scirpus maritima and reeds are seriously degraded, living spaces of benthos and birds in intertidal zones are compressed, original structures of ecological systems in coastal zones, particularly saline marsh wetlands, are seriously damaged, and service functions are rapidly reduced. Therefore, ecological restoration of the coastal zone ecosystem, particularly restoration of marine organisms and saline plants in the erosion bank section becomes a central importance for improving the quality of the ecological space of the coastal zone at present.
At present, the protection and repair measures for the saline marsh wetland of the erosion coastal zone at home and abroad are relatively cracked, and a complete system is not formed. If the local vegetation is removed and recovered only by the foreign invasive species, the low tide zone and the sub-tide zone are not repaired and controlled, which causes difficult field planting of the local vegetation in the strong scouring environment or causes secondary invasion of the foreign species of the spartina alterniflora, resulting in engineering failure.
The method has the advantages of simple operation, short construction period and the like, but the ecological performance is poor, regular maintenance is needed in the coastal zone with strong washability, and the economic cost is increased; moreover, a single beach protection dam constructed at the edge of the coastal zone near the sea side is easy to cause the explosion of tidal kinetic energy at the dam body, and the situation of approaching the coast with deep sea gradually forms in the past, so that the ecological system of the coastal zone is continuously damaged.
Meanwhile, too many traditional reinforced concrete structures block the energy and substance connecting channels constructed by marine and coastal zone ecosystems through hydrology, and are not beneficial to the improvement of offshore marine ecological environment and the recovery of community structures and population quantity of marine organisms. In addition, at present, the embankment of most coastal zone ecosystems in China is of a single hardened structure, the ecological function is insufficient, and the landscape effect is poor.
Therefore, how to form an organic whole body between the coastal zone ecosystem and the offshore sea area, and the mitigation of tidal water erosion in the offshore sea area, the protection and repair of the coastal zone ecosystem, the re-planting of the local soil species and the improvement of the marine biological population abundance and the biological diversity become the importance of the ecological repair of the current erosive coastal zone.
To this end, the applicant has sought, through useful research and research, a solution to the above-mentioned problems, in the context of which the technical solutions to be described below have been made.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the objects of the present invention is: provides an erosion coastal zone ecological restoration system which can improve the ecological management effect, enhance the ecological support effect and improve the wave and disaster reduction effect.
The second purpose of the invention is: provides a method for repairing the ecological repairing system of the erosion coastal zone.
An ecological restoration system for an erosion coastal zone as a first aspect of the present invention comprises:
constructing a bank-connecting biological reef structure at the bank-connecting position of the coastal zone;
a low beach biological reef structure which is constructed in a low beach area of the coastal zone and is positioned behind the shore-receiving biological reef structure;
a first remedial earthen vegetation planted within the beach area of the coastal zone and behind the beach biological reef structure;
a second remedial earth vegetation planted within a first half portion of a mid-beach area of a coastal zone and located behind the first remedial earth vegetation;
a plurality of tidal ditches which are built in the front half section part of the middle and high beach area of the coastal zone and are positioned in the second restored native vegetation at intervals along the direction vertical to the coastline;
a tide pond which is built in the rear half section part of the middle and high beach area of the coastal zone and is positioned behind the second restored native vegetation; and
the ecological reconstruction slope protection is constructed on the sea wall slope protection.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the shore connection biological reef structure is a narrow and long plane structure and is arranged perpendicular to the coastline, the cross section of the shore connection biological reef structure along the major axis direction is in a gradual change structure, the bottom of the shore connection biological reef structure is in contact with the beach of the shore connection part of the coastal zone, and the end surface of the shore connection biological reef structure along the minor axis direction is in a trapezoidal structure.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ashore biological reef structure comprises:
a concrete interlocking block soft mattress layer laid at the shore connecting position of the coastal zone;
a riprap layer laid on the soft mattress layer of the concrete interlocking block;
the biological reef body is constructed on the riprap layer and consists of a plurality of reef body layers which are stacked from bottom to top, and each reef body layer is formed by a plurality of reinforced concrete four-foot hollow squares which are arranged at intervals; and
and the wrest queen block presser feet are laid on the riprap layer and are positioned at the foot protection positions on the two sides of the biological reef body.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the low beach biological reef structure is composed of a plurality of trapezoidal composite biological reefs constructed in a low beach area of the coastal zone along a direction perpendicular to the coastline, and each trapezoidal composite biological reef is composed of a plurality of biological reef monomers arranged side by side along the coastline direction.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the biological reef monomer is a reinforced concrete structure, and oyster shells are inserted into the surface of the biological reef monomer at intervals.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the plant used for the first repairing agrestic vegetation is scirpus marianus; the second repair of the local vegetation uses reed as the plant.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the tidal pond is cast in situ by using ecological cement and current cast broken stones.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the system further comprises an ecological monitoring platform, wherein the ecological monitoring platform consists of a coastal zone ecological system recovery monitoring system, a marine disaster early warning system, a marine ecological monitoring system and a salt marsh wetland ecological monitoring system.
A method for restoring an ecological restoration system of an erosion coastal zone as a second aspect of the present invention comprises the steps of:
s10, constructing a shore-connection biological reef structure at the shore connection position of the coastal zone;
s20, constructing a low beach biological reef structure in a low beach area of the coastal zone and behind the bank-connecting biological reef structure;
s30, removing the spartina alterniflora in the low beach area and the middle beach area of the coastal zone;
s40, planting first restoring native vegetation behind the low-beach biological reef structure in a low beach area of the coastal zone, and planting second restoring native vegetation behind the first restoring native vegetation in the front half section part of a middle-high beach area of the coastal zone;
s50, constructing a plurality of tidal ditches at intervals along the direction vertical to the coastline in the first half section of the middle and high beach area of the coastal zone in the second restored local vegetation;
step S60, a tide pond is built behind the second restored rural vegetation in the second half section of the middle and high beach area of the coastal zone;
and S70, performing ecological transformation on the seawall revetment.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S30, the spartina alterniflora removal process in the low beach area and the middle beach area of the coastal zone comprises the following steps:
s31, mowing the spartina alterniflora in the low beach area and the middle beach area of the coastal zone in the flowering period, wherein the mowing frequency is determined according to the recurrence condition of the spartina alterniflora and is preferably 2-3 times;
step S32, plowing the vacated beach after the spartina alterniflora is mown, wherein the plowing depth is 50-60 cm, cleaning the roots of the plowed spartina alterniflora after each plowing, and packing and transporting the roots out of the field;
and S33, covering the exposed mud flat by adopting water-absorbing light-tight geotextile in the ploughing area, and fixing the geotextile, wherein the shading and covering time is 3-6 months.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S40, the plant used for first repairing the local vegetation is scirpus maritima, and the scirpus maritima is subjected to patch restoration planting by combining a corm method and a transplanting method; and the second step of restoring the local vegetation adopts reeds as plants, and the reed seedlings are restored and planted by adopting a pier transplanting method and/or a reed rooting transplanting method.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. and (5) systematic protection and repair. The coastal zone is systematically protected and repaired, extends from the sub-tidal zone to the dam, and is really longitudinally connected in series to form an organic whole;
2. the ecological effect is outstanding. The method not only realizes the ecological restoration of coastal girdle systems such as saline marsh wetland and the like, eliminates the harm of external invasive species, but also provides living space for offshore marine organisms by reducing the flow velocity of ocean current, improving habitat and the like, and can obviously improve the population quantity and density of the offshore ecosystem;
3. the disaster reduction effect is prominent. According to the invention, the strong scouring currents of the erosive coastal zone are secondarily reduced through the shore-connection biological reefs and the low-beach biological reefs, so that the erosion hazard of the coastal zone is effectively reduced; meanwhile, the restored multi-layer salt marsh wetland has a remarkable wave reduction effect, and the disaster reduction effect is prominent;
4. the carbon exchange value is obvious. The invention not only can effectively reduce the strong ocean current, but also can greatly avoid the loss of wetland sediment after the spartina alterniflora is mown and ploughed, and reduce the loss of carbon sink in the construction process; meanwhile, the bank-connection biological reef and the low-beach biological reef can provide an attached place for oysters and the like, so that the benthic organism populations such as the oysters are greatly amplified, and a remarkable coastal carbon sequestration effect is formed.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an ecological restoration system of an erosion coastal zone of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further explained below by combining the specific drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, an ecological restoration system for an erosion coastal zone is shown, which comprises a land-contacting biological reef structure 1, a low-beach biological reef structure 2, first restored local soil vegetation 3, second restored local soil vegetation 4, a plurality of tidal ditches 5, a tidal pond 6 and an ecologically transformed revetment 7.
The shore-connection biological reef structure 1 is constructed at the shore connection position of a coastal zone, adopts a narrow and long plane structure and is arranged perpendicular to a coastline. The section of the shore-connection biological reef structure 1 along the long axis direction is of a gradual change structure, the bottom of the shore-connection biological reef structure is in contact with the beach of the shore-connection position of the coastal zone, and the end surface of the shore-connection biological reef structure along the short axis direction is of a trapezoidal structure. The shore-connecting biological reef structure 1 comprises a concrete interlocking block soft body arrangement layer, a riprap layer, a biological reef body and a wrest queen block presser foot. The soft concrete interlocking block mattress layer is laid at the bank connecting position of the coastal zone and is made of C25 concrete, so that the stability of the structure on the soft soil foundation is ensured, and the flushing along the dike or over the dike is prevented. The rubble layer is laid on the soft mattress layer of the concrete interlocking block, and the thickness of the rubble layer is 500mm. The biological reef is constructed on the riprap layer and consists of a plurality of reef layers stacked from bottom to top, and each reef layer is formed by a plurality of C30 reinforced concrete four-foot hollow blocks (hollow blocks) which are arranged at intervals. The queen turning block presser foot is laid on the riprap layer and is positioned at the foot protection positions at the two sides of the biological reef body to maintain the overall structure stability of the reef body. In addition, the materials of the shore-connection biological reef structure 1 can use ecological materials such as basalt or can improve the ecological performance of the shore-connection biological reef structure through surface roughening treatment or groove excavation and other structures on the basis of traditional hard materials.
The bank-connecting biological reef structure 1 plays a role in ecological environment linking, the biological environment in the sub-tidal zone can be continuously transited to the biological environment in the super-tidal zone through the structures, and the biological energy exchange channel is smoother. In the aspect of economy, the offshore organism reef structure 1 reasonably utilizes relatively high beach elevation of the near shore, and has the advantages of small cross section area of the near shore structure, small engineering investment and high economic benefit. In the aspect of disaster reduction, the offshore organism reef structure 1 can effectively slow down the flow velocity of tidal current along the shore, restrain the scouring situation of the beach surface and protect the safety of the ecological substrate.
The low beach biological reef structure 2 is constructed in a low beach area of the coastal zone and is positioned behind the shore-receiving biological reef structure 1. The low beach biological reef structure 2 is composed of a plurality of trapezoidal composite biological reefs constructed in a low beach area of a coastal zone along a direction perpendicular to a coastline, and each trapezoidal composite biological reef is composed of a plurality of biological reef monomers arranged side by side along the coastline direction. The biological reef monomer structure comprises reinforced concrete grid bars, a base, cross beams, upright columns and the like, and a flat plate surface formed by a plurality of reinforced concrete grid bars is uniformly arranged on the upper and lower layers of cross beams. The dimensions of the bottom surface of the biological reef are 2.5m multiplied by 2.5m, the dimensions of the top surface are 0.9m multiplied by 0.9m, the height is 1.6m, the weight of each reef is about 4.5t, and the monomer space is about 3.4 square. The biological reef monomer adopts a C35 reinforced concrete structure, and when the upper surface is not dry during pouring, oyster shells are inserted regularly at intervals of 3-5 cm so as to increase the surface roughness and facilitate the attachment and growth of algae and shellfish on the oyster shells.
First remedial native vegetation 3 is planted in the beach area of the coastal zone and behind the beach biological reef structure 2. The first plant adopted for repairing the local vegetation 3 is scirpus marigoldianus.
The second remedial indigenous vegetation 4 is planted in the first half of the mid-beach area of the coastal zone and behind the first remedial indigenous vegetation 3. The second repair of the native vegetation 4 is reed.
A plurality of tidal ditches 5 are constructed at intervals in the first half section of the middle and high beach area of the coastal zone along the direction vertical to the coastline and are positioned in the second restored native vegetation 4. A primary ditch and a secondary ditch or a tertiary ditch are designed according to the distribution, the trend and the width of the tidal ditches in the recovery area, under the action of tides, a smaller stable tidal channel can be naturally formed in 1-2 years, the hydrologic communication condition in the wetland is improved, the spatial heterogeneity in the wetland is increased, and the biological diversity in the wetland is improved.
The tidal pond 6 is constructed in the rear half section part of the middle and high beach area of the coastal zone and is positioned behind the second restored rural vegetation 4, namely, the tidal pond is arranged in a stone throwing area in front of the foot of the bank fence protection embankment, a space for embedding and placing the tidal pond is formed by removing part of stones, ecological cement and current situation are utilized to throw broken stones in a scattered manner, tidal pond components are cast in situ, and the scale of the tidal pond is determined according to the field conditions.
The ecological reconstruction slope protection 7 is constructed on the sea wall slope protection, and ecological reconstruction is carried out on the sea wall slope surface through forms of slope surface greening and the like.
The ecological restoration system for the erosion coastal zone also comprises an ecological monitoring platform, wherein the ecological monitoring platform consists of a coastal zone ecological system restoration monitoring system, an ocean disaster early warning system, an ocean ecological monitoring system and a salt marsh wetland ecological monitoring system. The recovery of the ecological system of the coastal zone is not achieved at once, so that the real-time monitoring of the recovery process of the ecological system of the coastal zone needs to be enhanced, and meanwhile, the scientific research in the natural succession process of the ecological system of the coastal zone can be deepened, so that the construction of the ecological monitoring platform of the coastal zone has great significance. Through coastal zone ecosystem restoration monitoring system, construction marine disaster early warning platform, marine ecological monitoring platform, salt marsh wetland ecological monitoring platform etc. promote the cognitive level of coastal zone ecological remediation's technique and effect, summarize the experience, form scientific, effectual coastal zone ecosystem protection and restoration database.
The method for repairing the ecological repair system of the erosion coastal zone comprises the following steps:
s10, constructing a bank-connecting biological reef structure 1 at a bank-connecting position of a coastal zone;
s20, constructing a low beach biological reef structure 2 in a low beach area of the coastal zone and behind the shore-connected biological reef structure 1;
s30, removing the spartina alterniflora in the low beach area and the middle beach area of the coastal zone;
step S40, planting first restored native vegetation 3 behind the low beach biological reef structure 2 in the low beach area of the coastal zone, and planting second restored native vegetation 4 behind the first restored native vegetation 3 in the front half section part of the middle beach area of the coastal zone;
s50, constructing a plurality of tidal ditches 5 at intervals along the direction vertical to the coastline in the second restored local vegetation 4 at the first half section of the middle and high beach area of the coastal zone;
step S60, constructing a tide pond 6 behind the second restored rural vegetation 4 in the rear half section part of the middle and high beach area of the coastal zone;
and S70, performing ecological modification on the seawall revetment to form an ecological modified revetment 7.
In step S30, the spartina alterniflora in the low beach area and the middle beach area of the coastal zone is removed by mainly using a method of mowing, plowing and shading, which specifically includes the following steps:
s31, mowing the spartina alterniflora in the low beach area and the middle beach area of the coastal zone in the flowering period to avoid sexual propagation of the spartina alterniflora, wherein the mowing frequency is determined according to the recurrence condition of the spartina alterniflora and is generally preferably 2-3 times;
s32, in order to prevent the rhizomes of the spartina alterniflora from propagating, ploughing the vacated beach land after the spartina alterniflora is mown, wherein the ploughing depth is 50-60 cm, and after each ploughing, in order to avoid the repeated propagation of the spartina alterniflora in the construction period, the root systems of the ploughed spartina alterniflora need to be cleaned and packed and transported out of the field;
step S33, the wetland sediments are possibly eroded by the tidal water due to the loose substrate of the intertidal zone after deep ploughing, meanwhile, the part of the spartina alterniflora may germinate again after mowing and ploughing, and the spartina alterniflora invades again in one growing season, so that the engineering treatment effect is influenced; therefore, the exposed mud flat is covered by the water-absorbing light-tight geotextile in the plowing area, and the geotextile is fixed by wood sticks, bamboo sticks and the like; the geotextile after absorbing water can be effectively fixed on the beach to protect the base of the beach from being washed; meanwhile, the spartina alterniflora which sprouts sporadically can not carry out normal photosynthesis to synthesize nutrient substances required by the spartina alterniflora and rapidly dies in a short period due to the lack of illumination conditions; the shading and covering time of the geotextile is 3-6 months.
In step S40, the first repair local vegetation 3 is performed by using scirpus marigoldens, which is planted in a variegated manner by combining a corm method and a transplanting method. The plants adopted by the second repairing local vegetation 4 are reeds, and the reed seedlings are subjected to restoration planting by adopting a pier transplanting method and/or a reed rooting transplanting method.
The method comprises the following construction contents of a shore connection biological reef, a low beach biological reef, invasive species control, tidal current construction, local saline marsh vegetation reconstruction, tidal pond construction, artificial sea wall ecological transformation, an ecological monitoring platform and the like from a low beach to a high beach. The bank-grafting biological reef mainly adopts ecological materials to reduce the erosion effect of tidal water on a coastal zone substrate, and meanwhile, the ecological materials or hard materials with ecological structures can provide the places for benthonic animals, algae, fishes and the like to perch, attach, prey and avoid natural enemies; the main functions of the low-beach biological reef are to protect the ecological substrate outside the dam field and restore the habitat matrix of the attached organisms such as oysters and the like, and meanwhile, the kinetic energy of tidal water can be effectively reduced for the second time, so that the erosion of the tidal water to the ecological system of the coastal zone is reduced; the biological substitution method is mainly used, and physical methods and the like are used for controlling invasive species such as spartina alterniflora and the like, so that local vegetation such as reeds, scirpus maritima and the like is recovered, and systematic ecological restoration of beaches in coastal zones is realized; and the artificial hard seawall is ecologically reformed by the measures of constructing a tidal pond and the like. The invention has the advantages of obvious treatment effect, remarkable ecological support effect, outstanding disaster reduction effect and the like, and realizes the synergy of ecology and disaster reduction.
The following is a specific application example of the present invention:
the invention has been developed by a test in a certain bank section of Shanghai Shangxian district. The length of the project area is 850 meters, the developed exploratory work comprises the steps of scattering and throwing the oyster reefs outside the beach-keeping dam, removing spartina alterniflora, recovering the reed community, constructing the miniature tidal pool at the dam dike corner and the like, after the test area runs for 18 months, the spotted oyster community appears in the scattering and throwing oyster reef area, and the wave height reducing function is achieved to a certain extent.
Meanwhile, the spartina alterniflora has no obvious secondary invasion except that sporadic relapse occurs during reed planting, and the reed population is basically recovered; the ecological effect of the miniature tidal pond on the dam is remarkable, the density of benthic organisms in the pond is 339-681/square meter, the species of benthic organisms cover clams, shellfishes and snails, and more snail seedlings are found in the pond, which indicates that the tidal pond provides habitation and breeding sites for the snails in the area.
In general, the method obtains ideal results in a test section, and is planned to be applied in Shanghai Shangxian coastal areas in a large scale in the later period.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are given by way of illustration of the principles of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such changes and modifications are within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (11)
1. An ecological remediation system for an erosion coastal zone, comprising:
constructing a bank-connecting biological reef structure at the bank-connecting position of the coastal zone;
a low beach biological reef structure which is constructed in a low beach area of the coastal zone and is positioned behind the shore-receiving biological reef structure;
a first remedial homeland vegetation planted within a beach area of a coastal zone and located behind the beach bio-reef structure;
a second remedial earth vegetation planted within a first half portion of a mid-beach area of a coastal zone and located behind the first remedial earth vegetation;
a plurality of tidal ditches which are built in the front half section part of the middle and high beach area of the coastal zone and are positioned in the second restored native vegetation at intervals along the direction vertical to the coastline;
a tidal pond built in the latter half section of the middle and high beach area of the coastal zone and positioned behind the second restored native vegetation; and
the ecological reconstruction slope protection is constructed on the sea wall slope protection.
2. The ecological restoration system for an erosion coastal zone according to claim 1, wherein the coastal biological reef structure is a long and narrow planar structure and is arranged perpendicular to the coastline, the section of the coastal biological reef structure along the major axis direction is of a gradual change structure, the bottom of the coastal biological reef structure is in contact with the beach at the coastal zone, and the end surface of the coastal biological reef structure along the minor axis direction is of a trapezoid structure.
3. The erosion coastal zone ecological remediation system of claim 2 wherein said coastal bio-reef structure comprises:
a concrete interlocking block soft mattress layer laid at the shore connecting position of the coastal zone;
a riprap layer laid on the soft mattress layer of the concrete interlocking block;
the biological reef body is constructed on the riprap layer and consists of a plurality of reef body layers which are stacked from bottom to top, and each reef body layer is formed by a plurality of reinforced concrete four-foot hollow squares which are arranged at intervals; and
and the turning block presser foot is laid on the riprap layer and is positioned at the foot protection positions at the two sides of the biological reef body.
4. The ecological restoration system for an erosion coastal zone according to claim 1, wherein the low beach biological reef structure is composed of a plurality of trapezoidal composite biological reefs constructed in a low beach area of the coastal zone along a direction perpendicular to the coastline, and each trapezoidal composite biological reef is composed of a plurality of biological reef units arranged side by side along the coastline direction.
5. The ecological restoration system for an erosion coastal zone according to claim 4, wherein the biological reef unit is a reinforced concrete structure, and oyster shells are inserted into the surface of the biological reef unit at intervals.
6. The ecological remediation system for an erosion coastal zone of claim 1 wherein the first plant employed to remediate local vegetation is scirpus maritima; the second repairing local vegetation adopts reed as plant.
7. The ecological restoration system for an erosion coastal zone as claimed in claim 1, wherein said tidal pool is cast in situ using ecological cement and current thrown gravel.
8. The ecological restoration system for the erosion coastal zone according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising an ecological monitoring platform, wherein the ecological monitoring platform is composed of a coastal zone ecological system restoration monitoring system, a marine disaster early warning system, a marine ecological monitoring system and a saltmarsh wetland ecological monitoring system.
9. A method for the restoration of an ecological restoration system of an erosion coastal zone according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the following steps:
s10, constructing a bank-connecting biological reef structure at a bank-connecting position of a coastal zone;
s20, constructing a low beach biological reef structure in a low beach area of the coastal zone and behind the shore-connected biological reef structure;
s30, removing the spartina alterniflora in the low beach area and the middle beach area of the coastal zone;
s40, planting first restoring native vegetation behind the low-beach biological reef structure in a low beach area of the coastal zone, and planting second restoring native vegetation behind the first restoring native vegetation in the front half section part of a middle-high beach area of the coastal zone;
s50, constructing a plurality of tidal ditches at intervals along the direction vertical to the coastline in the first half section of the middle and high beach area of the coastal zone in the second restored local vegetation;
step S60, a tide pond is built behind the second restored rural vegetation in the second half section of the middle and high beach area of the coastal zone;
and S70, performing ecological transformation on the seawall revetment.
10. The rehabilitation method according to claim 9, wherein the removal treatment of spartina alterniflora in the low beach area and the middle beach area of the coastal zone in step S30 comprises the steps of:
s31, mowing the spartina alterniflora in the low beach area and the middle beach area of the coastal zone in the flowering period, wherein the mowing frequency is determined according to the recurrence condition of the spartina alterniflora and is preferably 2-3 times;
s32, ploughing the vacated beach after the spartina alterniflora is mown, wherein the ploughing depth is 50-60 cm, and after each ploughing, the roots of the ploughed spartina alterniflora need to be cleaned and packed and transported out of the field;
and S33, covering the exposed mud flat by adopting water-absorbing light-tight geotextile in the ploughing area, and fixing the geotextile, wherein the shading and covering time is 3-6 months.
11. The method of claim 9, wherein in step S40, the first local vegetation is planted by scirpus maritima, and the scirpus maritima is planted by a combination of bulb method and transplanting method; and the second step of restoring the local vegetation adopts reeds as plants, and the reed seedlings are restored and planted by adopting a pier transplanting method and/or a reed rooting transplanting method.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211633716.6A CN115928648A (en) | 2022-12-19 | 2022-12-19 | Ecological restoration system and restoration method for erosion coastal zone |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211633716.6A CN115928648A (en) | 2022-12-19 | 2022-12-19 | Ecological restoration system and restoration method for erosion coastal zone |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115928648A true CN115928648A (en) | 2023-04-07 |
Family
ID=86648836
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211633716.6A Pending CN115928648A (en) | 2022-12-19 | 2022-12-19 | Ecological restoration system and restoration method for erosion coastal zone |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN115928648A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116806585A (en) * | 2023-06-30 | 2023-09-29 | 河海大学 | Experimental method for exploring field planting growth of salt-biogas plants under combined action of wave tide |
-
2022
- 2022-12-19 CN CN202211633716.6A patent/CN115928648A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116806585A (en) * | 2023-06-30 | 2023-09-29 | 河海大学 | Experimental method for exploring field planting growth of salt-biogas plants under combined action of wave tide |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN210630417U (en) | Multifunctional ecological seawall ecological system suitable for high-storm bay | |
| WO2020220671A1 (en) | Mangrove afforestation method and structure for coastal rocky beach | |
| CN101962947A (en) | Method for restoring slash type degraded wetland | |
| CN107211692B (en) | Method for rapidly recovering beach wetland beyond levee | |
| CN110278902A (en) | A kind of multifunctional ecological sea wall ecosystem suitable for high stormy waves bay | |
| CN115928648A (en) | Ecological restoration system and restoration method for erosion coastal zone | |
| CN113565064A (en) | Riverbank zone structure for urban river ecological restoration and restoration method thereof | |
| Tagliapietra et al. | Protecting and restoring the salt marshes and seagrasses in the lagoon of Venice | |
| CN111893948A (en) | Ecological wetland revetment structure based on river and lake terrain remodeling and construction method thereof | |
| KR100673520B1 (en) | A planting method of halophytes | |
| Reed et al. | Estuaries, coastal marshes, tidal flats and coastal dunes | |
| CN114651672B (en) | Muddy coast ecological restoration and disaster reduction space system | |
| Chabreck | Creation, restoration and enhancement of marshes of the northcentral Gulf coast | |
| CN218842990U (en) | Ecological restoration system for erosion coastal zone | |
| CN109252487B (en) | I-shaped dam for ecological restoration and protection and ecological construction method thereof | |
| CN216238367U (en) | Artificial shoreline ecological restoration system suitable for reclamation areas | |
| CN212561367U (en) | Ecological wetland revetment structure based on river lake topography is remolded | |
| CN210857111U (en) | Ecological slope protection structure of combined type river course | |
| Williams | Louisiana coastal wetlands: A resource at risk | |
| KR20100085550A (en) | River brushwood mattresses | |
| Han | Chapter Twelve Human influences on muddy coasts | |
| CN221193185U (en) | System for repairing coastal urban habitat | |
| CN115059014B (en) | Intertidal zone structure suitable for muddy coastal zone and arrangement method | |
| KR100451983B1 (en) | Shore line structure capable of natural habitants for various lives | |
| CN212641339U (en) | Ecological revetment structure of plant honeycomb suitable for coastal area |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |