CN115059014B - Intertidal zone structure suitable for muddy coastal zone and arrangement method - Google Patents
Intertidal zone structure suitable for muddy coastal zone and arrangement method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115059014B CN115059014B CN202210652860.8A CN202210652860A CN115059014B CN 115059014 B CN115059014 B CN 115059014B CN 202210652860 A CN202210652860 A CN 202210652860A CN 115059014 B CN115059014 B CN 115059014B
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- ecological
- hard shell
- paving
- submerged dike
- shell foundation
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/02—Stream regulation, e.g. breaking up subaqueous rock, cleaning the beds of waterways, directing the water flow
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/10—Dams; Dykes; Sluice ways or other structures for dykes, dams, or the like
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/11—Hard structures, e.g. dams, dykes or breakwaters
Abstract
The invention discloses an intertidal zone structure suitable for a muddy coastal zone, which comprises the following components: a hard shell foundation laid on the seabed; the ecological submerged dike is arranged on the hard shell foundation and is positioned at one end of the hard shell foundation close to the sea; the rock-imitating band is laid on the hard shell foundation and is positioned at one end of the hard shell foundation far away from the sea; the artificial tidal pool is laid on the hard shell foundation, is positioned between the ecological submerged dike and the rock-like belt, is formed by paving block stones, and is lower than the ecological submerged dike in height. The invention also discloses a method for arranging the intertidal zones. The invention can provide a proper living environment for seaside organisms and is beneficial to ecological restoration of intertidal zones.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of marine ecological restoration, in particular to an intertidal zone structure and an arrangement method suitable for a muddy coastal zone.
Background
In order to meet the requirements of economic and social development, activities of seagoing field making and land making are carried out in part of areas, but the activities often cause serious damage to the marine ecological environment, including phenomena of intertidal zone loss and the like caused by serious flushing of the beach before the seagoing back dyke, and extremely adverse effects are caused on the coastal ecological environment. The intertidal zone structure needs to be restored in order to protect the coastal ecological environment.
The existing artificial intertidal zone has a single structure and is arranged in a bedrock coastal zone in many ways, and can only provide a hard surface for organisms such as fish, crabs and the like in the intertidal zone for adhesion, but can not provide a proper living environment for more organisms such as algae, birds and the like in the intertidal zone, and the ecology is still to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides the intertidal zone structure suitable for the muddy coastal zone, which can provide a proper living environment for seaside organisms and is beneficial to ecological restoration of the intertidal zone.
The invention also provides a method for arranging the intertidal zones.
An inter-tidal zone structure adapted for use in a muddy coastal zone according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the invention comprises: a hard shell foundation laid on the seabed; the ecological submerged dike is arranged on the hard shell foundation and is positioned at one end of the hard shell foundation close to the sea; the rock-imitating band is laid on the hard shell foundation and is positioned at one end of the hard shell foundation far away from the sea; the artificial tidal pool is laid on the hard shell foundation, is positioned between the ecological submerged dike and the rock-like belt, is formed by paving block stones, and is lower than the ecological submerged dike in height.
Has at least the following beneficial effects: the artificial tidal pond is paved by block stones, the block stone structure can imitate the hardness and porous characteristics of natural rock coasts, thus being beneficial to enriching the biodiversity of intertidal zones, in addition, the height of the artificial tidal pond is lower than the height of the ecological submerged dike, when the tide is risen, the ecological submerged dike at the front side of the intertidal zone structure can play a role in wave elimination and wave reduction, and a relatively still water environment is formed behind the ecological submerged dike, thus providing a good living environment for animals in the intertidal zone; when the tide is removed, the ecological submerged dike can also play roles of intercepting seawater and delaying tide removal, provides a good living environment for animals such as fish, shrimp and crab in the intertidal zone, and simultaneously can provide a large-area foraging place for the birds such as aigrette. The intertidal zone structure suitable for the muddy coastal zone can provide a proper living environment for seaside organisms and is beneficial to ecological restoration of the intertidal zone.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the hard shell foundation comprises a geomembrane bag and fine sand contained within the geomembrane bag.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the edge of the hard shell foundation extends beyond the ecological submerged dike and the simulated rock mass belt by a distance of at least 1 meter.
According to some embodiments of the invention, a plurality of first planting cylinders are arranged vertically in the artificial tide pool, and the first planting cylinders are sequentially attached and enclose to form a salt marsh wetland.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the first planting cylinder is planted with plants.
According to some embodiments of the invention, a plurality of second planting cylinders for planting plants are arranged in the ecological submerged dike.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the side of the ecological submerged dike facing the sea and the side facing away from the sea are inclined planes.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the ecological submerged dike is 0.3 meters higher than mid-tide level.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the average height of the simulated rock mass is level with the mid tide level.
An inter-tidal zone arrangement method according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention comprises the steps of: paving a hard shell foundation: preparing geotextile, sewing the geotextile into a geomembrane bag, paving the geomembrane bag on a silt seabed, flushing fine sand into the geomembrane bag, sealing, shallow extruding the silt seabed by the geomembrane bag filled with the fine sand until settlement is stable to form a hard shell foundation, and paving the hard shell foundation on the seabed; paving an ecological submerged dike: paving a stone block at one end of the hard shell foundation close to the sea to form the ecological submerged dike, wherein the side of the ecological submerged dike facing the sea and the side of the ecological submerged dike facing away from the sea are inclined planes, a plurality of second planting cylinders are embedded along the extending direction of the ecological submerged dike, and plants are planted in the second planting cylinders; paving a rock-imitating band: a plurality of ecological precast blocks are arranged parallel to the edge of the hard shell foundation, the ecological precast blocks are arranged at one end of the hard shell foundation far away from the sea, and a height difference is arranged between every two adjacent ecological precast blocks; paving an artificial tide pool: paving a block stone in a region between the ecological submerged dike and the rock-like texture zone, leveling the surface of the block stone, wherein the height of the artificial tidal pool is lower than that of the ecological submerged dike; paving a salt marsh wetland: the middle part of the artificial tidal pond is provided with a plurality of first planting barrels, the first planting barrels are enclosed into a circle, and plants are planted in the first planting barrels.
Has at least the following beneficial effects: the intertidal zone arrangement method can provide a proper living environment for seaside organisms and is beneficial to ecological restoration of the intertidal zone.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic side view of an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals: a hard shell foundation 100, a seabed 200, an ecological submerged dike 300, a second planting cylinder 310, a rock-like zone 400, an artificial tidal pool 500, a salt marsh wetland 600 and a first planting cylinder 610.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that references to orientation descriptions, such as the orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, the description of the first and second is only for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying the number of technical features indicated or the precedence of the technical features indicated.
In the description of the present invention, unless explicitly defined otherwise, terms such as arrangement, installation, connection, etc. should be construed broadly and the specific meaning of the terms in the present invention can be reasonably determined by a person skilled in the art in combination with the specific contents of the technical scheme.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the present invention discloses an intertidal zone structure suitable for a muddy coastal zone, comprising a hard-shell foundation 100, an ecological submerged dike 300, a rock-like zone 400, and an artificial tidal pool 500.
Wherein, the hard shell foundation 100 is laid on the sea bed 200, the ecological submerged dike 300 is arranged on the hard shell foundation 100, the ecological submerged dike 300 is positioned at one end of the hard shell foundation 100 close to the sea, namely the front end in fig. 1, the rock-like zone 400 is laid on the hard shell foundation 100, the rock-like zone 400 is positioned at one end of the hard shell foundation 100 far away from the sea, namely the rear end in fig. 1, the artificial tidal pool 500 is laid on the hard shell foundation 100, the artificial tidal pool 500 is positioned between the ecological submerged dike 300 and the rock-like zone 400, the artificial tidal pool 500 is formed by laying rock blocks, and the height of the artificial tidal pool 500 is lower than that of the ecological submerged dike 300.
It will be appreciated that since the artificial tidal pool 500 is paved from a block stone, the block stone structure can imitate the hard and porous characteristics of a natural rock coast, which is advantageous for enriching the biodiversity of the intertidal zone, and in addition, the artificial tidal pool 500 has a lower height than the ecological submerged dike 300, when the tide is swelled, the ecological submerged dike 300 on the front side of the intertidal zone structure can play a role in wave-absorbing and wave-reducing, and forms a relatively still water environment behind the ecological submerged dike 300, which provides a good living environment for the intertidal zone animals; when the tide is removed, the ecological submerged dike 300 can also play roles of intercepting seawater and delaying tide removal, provides a good living environment for animals such as fish, shrimp and crab in the intertidal zone, and can also provide a large-area foraging place for the birds such as aigrette. The intertidal zone structure suitable for the muddy coastal zone can provide a proper living environment for seaside organisms and is beneficial to ecological restoration of the intertidal zone.
It will be appreciated that in a refund, the water depth at the location of the simulated rock band 400 is less than 30 cm, and the simulated rock band 400 may also be a foraging area for birds of interest.
Specifically, the above-described stone blocks constituting the artificial tidal pool 500 may be natural stone blocks, and specifically, the natural stone blocks may be stone blocks having a weight of 100 kg, and the stone blocks may be surface-leveled.
In addition, it should be noted that the rock-like strip 400 may be formed by closely splicing ecological precast blocks, the rock-like strip 400 may be parallel to the dike line and arranged at the dike foot position, the ecological precast blocks with the specification of 1 meter by 1 meter may be arranged into wide strips, the height specification of the ecological precast blocks may be selected between 0.5 meter and 1 meter, the width of the rock-like strip 400 may be set to 6 meters, in addition, the adjacent ecological precast blocks have a height difference, so that the top surface of the rock-like strip 400 is in a staggered shape with high and low fluctuation, and pits with different sizes are easily formed on the surface of the rock-like strip 400 with high and low fluctuation, so that a miniature tide pool is easily formed, a good living space is provided for the living organisms in the intertidal zone, and a good foraging place is also provided for the birds involved in the poultry.
The hard shell foundation 100 in the embodiment of the present invention includes a geomembrane bag and fine sand contained in the geomembrane bag. The fine sand mentioned above refers to sand composed of particles having a diameter of between 0.1 mm and 0.25 mm. Specifically, the initial thickness of the hard shell foundation 100 may be 50 cm, and a stable hard shell foundation 100 may be formed after sedimentation.
It will be appreciated that the edge of the hard shell foundation 100 in the embodiment of the present invention exceeds the distance between the ecological submerged dike 300 and the rock-like zone 400 by at least 1 meter, which can play a role of expanding the foundation range and can ensure the structural stability of the upper portion of the hard shell foundation 100. The edges of the hard-shell foundation 100 mainly refer to the edges of the front and rear ends of the hard-shell foundation 100, and may also include the edges of the left and right ends of the hard-shell foundation 100.
A plurality of first planting cylinders 610 arranged vertically can be arranged in the artificial tidal pond 500 in the embodiment of the invention, and the plurality of first planting cylinders 610 are sequentially bonded and enclosed to form the salt marsh wetland 600. The salt marsh wetland 600 may provide habitat for marine organisms, specifically, assuming that the average low tide level and the high tide level of the sea area in which the embodiment of the present invention is located are L meters and H meters, respectively, the mid tide level of the sea area is 0.5 (l+h) meters, and the top surface elevation of the first planting cylinder 610 may be controlled to be about 0.5 (l+h) +0.3 meters.
Wherein, the first planting cylinder 610 can be used for cultivating plants, such as reed, herba Alii Fistulosi, etc. The artificial tidal pond 500 forms the salt marsh wetland 600 by arranging the first planting cylinder 610, plants are planted in the first planting cylinder 610, so that on one hand, the vegetation coverage rate of the intertidal zone can be increased, on the other hand, a perching and shelter place is provided for birds, and meanwhile, a shadow shelter function can be provided for animals in the intertidal zone. It can be appreciated that the plurality of first planting cylinders 610 may be enclosed into one salt marsh wetland 600, or may be enclosed into a plurality of discrete circles with different sizes to form a plurality of salt marsh wetlands 600. The inner diameter of the first planting cylinder 610 may be set to 1 meter.
As shown in fig. 2, the side of the ecological submerged dike 300 facing the sea and the side facing away from the sea are inclined planes, i.e. the front side and the rear side of the ecological submerged dike 300 are both inclined. The ecological submerged dike 300 can be made of natural stone blocks with the weight of 200 kg to 300 kg according to the top width of 3 m to 5 m and is arranged parallel to dike lines, and slopes on the front side and the rear side of the ecological submerged dike 300 can be formed by piling up according to the proportion of 1:2 to 1:3.
The ecological submerged dike 300 in the embodiment of the invention can be set to be 0.3 meter higher than the middle tide level, namely, the top stroke of the ecological submerged dike 300 can be controlled to be 0.5 (L+H) +0.3 meter, and of course, the ecological submerged dike 300 can also be near 0.5 (L+H) +0.3 meter, in addition, a plurality of second planting cylinders 310 can be embedded in the ecological submerged dike 300 according to the distance of 2 meters, plants such as tung flowers and the like can be planted in the second planting cylinders 320, the plants in the second planting cylinders 310 can play the roles of wave elimination and wave reduction, and a shadow shelter place can be provided for animals. Specifically, the second planter sleeve 310 can be embedded within the boulder.
The height of the simulated rock band 400 in the embodiment of the invention may be set to be level with the mid-tide level, i.e. the average top elevation of the simulated rock band 400 may be controlled to be 0.5 (l+h) meters, but may also be about 0.5 (l+h) meters.
The invention also discloses a method for arranging the intertidal zone, which comprises the following steps:
step S1, paving a hard shell foundation 100: preparing geotextile, sewing the geotextile into a geomembrane bag, paving the geomembrane bag on a silt seabed, flushing fine sand into the geomembrane bag, sealing, and shallow extruding the silt seabed by the geomembrane bag filled with the fine sand until settlement is stabilized to form a hard shell foundation 100;
step S2, paving an ecological submerged dike 300: paving a stone block at one end of the hard shell foundation 100 close to the sea to form an ecological submerged dike 300, wherein the ecological submerged dike 300 is inclined at one side facing the sea and one side facing away from the sea, a plurality of second planting cylinders 310 are embedded along the extending direction of the ecological submerged dike 300, and plants are planted in the second planting cylinders 310;
step S3, paving a rock-imitating belt 400: a plurality of ecological precast blocks are arranged parallel to the edge of the hard shell foundation 100, the plurality of ecological precast blocks are arranged at one end of the hard shell foundation 100 far away from the sea, and the adjacent ecological precast blocks have height differences;
step S4, paving an artificial tide pool 500: paving a block stone in a region between the ecological submerged dike 300 and the rock-like band 400, and leveling the surface of the block stone, wherein the height of the artificial tidal pool 500 is lower than that of the ecological submerged dike 300;
step S5, paving a salt marsh wetland: a plurality of first planting barrels 610 are provided in the middle of the artificial tidal pool, the plurality of first planting barrels 610 enclose a circle, and plants are planted in the plurality of first planting barrels 610.
In the above method for arranging intertidal zones, since the artificial tidal pond 500 is paved with stone blocks, the stone blocks can simulate the hard and porous characteristics of natural rock coasts, which is beneficial to enriching the biodiversity of the intertidal zones, in addition, the height of the artificial tidal pond 500 is lower than the height of the ecological submerged dike 300, when the tide is fluctuated, the ecological submerged dike 300 at the front side of the intertidal zone structure can play a role in wave elimination and wave reduction, and forms a relatively still water environment behind the ecological submerged dike 300, which provides a good living environment for the intertidal zone animals; when the tide is removed, the ecological submerged dike 300 can also play roles of intercepting seawater and delaying tide removal, provides a good living environment for animals such as fish, shrimp and crab in the intertidal zone, and can also provide a large-area foraging place for the birds such as aigrette. The intertidal zone structure suitable for the muddy coastal zone can provide a proper living environment for seaside organisms and is beneficial to ecological restoration of the intertidal zone.
The order of the steps is not representative of the actual order of construction, and may be performed in other orders in actual construction.
The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.
Of course, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make equivalent modifications or substitutions without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and these equivalent modifications or substitutions are included in the scope of the present invention as defined in the claims.
Claims (1)
1. A method of intertidal zone deployment comprising the steps of:
paving a hard shell foundation: preparing geotextile, sewing the geotextile into a geomembrane bag, paving the geomembrane bag on a silt seabed, flushing fine sand into the geomembrane bag, sealing, shallow extruding the silt seabed by the geomembrane bag filled with the fine sand until settlement is stable to form a hard shell foundation, and paving the hard shell foundation on the seabed;
paving an ecological submerged dike: paving a stone block at one end of the hard shell foundation close to the sea to form the ecological submerged dike, wherein the side of the ecological submerged dike facing the sea and the side of the ecological submerged dike facing away from the sea are inclined planes, a plurality of second planting cylinders are embedded along the extending direction of the ecological submerged dike, and plants are planted in the second planting cylinders;
paving a rock-imitating band: a plurality of ecological precast blocks are arranged parallel to the edge of the hard shell foundation, the ecological precast blocks are arranged at one end of the hard shell foundation far away from the sea, and a height difference is arranged between every two adjacent ecological precast blocks;
paving an artificial tide pool: paving a block stone in a region between the ecological submerged dike and the rock-like texture zone, leveling the surface of the block stone, wherein the height of the artificial tidal pool is lower than that of the ecological submerged dike;
paving a salt marsh wetland: the middle part of the artificial tidal pond is provided with a plurality of first planting barrels, the first planting barrels are enclosed into a circle, and plants are planted in the first planting barrels.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210652860.8A CN115059014B (en) | 2022-06-10 | 2022-06-10 | Intertidal zone structure suitable for muddy coastal zone and arrangement method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210652860.8A CN115059014B (en) | 2022-06-10 | 2022-06-10 | Intertidal zone structure suitable for muddy coastal zone and arrangement method |
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| CN115059014A CN115059014A (en) | 2022-09-16 |
| CN115059014B true CN115059014B (en) | 2023-07-25 |
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Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP6361889B2 (en) * | 2016-02-08 | 2018-07-25 | Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 | Artificial shallow or tidal flat |
| CN110016887A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-07-16 | 中交上海航道勘察设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of fill method for building aquatic ecosystem habitat |
| CN214737799U (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-11-16 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Ecological restoration structure suitable for silt matter coastal zone |
| CN112962527A (en) * | 2021-04-08 | 2021-06-15 | 中交上海航道勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Coastal intertidal zone ecological restoration engineering arrangement method |
| CN113265980A (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2021-08-17 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Multifunctional ecological seawall system |
| CN215329675U (en) * | 2021-08-02 | 2021-12-28 | 河海大学 | Protective dam for coastal zone |
| CN114223597A (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-03-25 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Bio-symbiotic reef device suitable for muddy coast and application |
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