CN212641339U - Ecological revetment structure of plant honeycomb suitable for coastal area - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a plant honeycomb ecological bank protection structure suitable for coastal areas, which comprises geotextile and honeycomb cells; the geotechnique's cloth covers and lays in bank slope top, fixed placing on the geotechnique's cloth honeycomb check room, honeycomb check room comprises the geotechnique check room interconnect each other of equidimension not, the lower part of honeycomb check room is backfilled and is had soil formation soil horizon, and the upper portion of honeycomb check room is backfilled and is had the rubble that the quality is 1-5kg to be formed with the metalling, and soil horizon and rubble layer respectively account for half of every check room height, and the soil horizon is planted there is the suitable living plant. The introduction of the plants can obviously weaken the waves and the tide which invade the coast while maintaining good ecological environment of the coast, thereby playing a good ecological protection role on the coast.

Description

Ecological revetment structure of plant honeycomb suitable for coastal area

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an ecological bank protection field, concretely relates to can resist ecological bank protection structural style of plant honeycomb of wave.

Background

In the traditional hydraulic engineering bank protection structure, hard engineering materials are mostly adopted. The construction method can form effective protection on the bank slope, and can seriously damage the ecological system of the water area and cause a plurality of adverse effects on the ecological environment. With the development of economy and the progress of society, people pay more and more attention to the possible ecological effect of hydraulic engineering, pay more and more attention to the influence of bank protection engineering on the ecological environment, and ecological bank protection is accordingly produced. Compared with the traditional hard revetment, the ecological revetment introduces a large amount of environment-friendly materials including plants in the construction process, effectively protects a bank slope from being impacted by waves and water flow, and simultaneously provides a sufficient habitat for aquatic organisms, so that an ecological system is not seriously interfered; creates good natural and artificial landscapes of the water area; the material exchange between the water area and the soil can be normally carried out, and a good ecological effect is achieved. In developed countries, various forms of ecological revetment have been widely used, including natural prototype revetment in which plants are completely used and revetment in which plants are combined with civil engineering materials, playing a very important role in coastal protection, river bank protection and treatment. In the United states, a multi-level and composite coastal bank protection structure system consisting of structures such as artificial salt marsh, artificial coral reef, artificial oyster reef, submerged dike, riprap dike and the like is formed; the southeast Asia countries have been widely spreading mangrove forest planting to reduce the erosion and damage of waves and water flow to the coast. In China, the application examples of the ecological bank protection are more and more extensive. In various projects such as Zhengzhou city Jianlu river management, Yunnan province middle and small river management, Guangzhou city river surge management, and Wuyi mountain city flood control project, various ecological bank protection structures including ecological building blocks, vegetation concrete and the like are adopted. Ecological revetment with better effect on both bank slope protection and ecological effect will be applied more and more.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at overcoming the not enough among the prior art, provide a simple and easy, the convenient plant honeycomb ecological bank protection structure who is applicable to the coastal area of transportation on the ecology of intensity height, durability good, material environmental protection and plant, view advantage, the construction method.

The utility model aims at realizing through the following technical scheme:

a plant honeycomb ecological bank protection structure suitable for coastal areas comprises geotextile and honeycomb cells; the geotechnique's cloth covers and lays in bank slope top, fixed placing on the geotechnique's cloth honeycomb check room, honeycomb check room comprises the geotechnique check room interconnect each other of equidimension not, the lower part of honeycomb check room is backfilled and is had soil formation soil horizon, and the upper portion of honeycomb check room is backfilled and is had the rubble that the quality is 1-5kg to be formed with the metalling, and soil horizon and rubble layer respectively account for half of every check room height, and the soil horizon is planted there is the suitable living plant.

Further, the suitable plants are plants suitable for local climate and the growth environment of saline-alkali soil in coastal areas.

Further, the thickness of the geotextile is 0.5 mm-3 mm.

Further, the size range of the geocell is 0.16m multiplied by 0.16m to 1m multiplied by 1m, and the height is 0.10m to 0.50 m.

Further, the honeycomb cells are fixed by anchor rods.

The utility model provides another technical scheme as follows:

compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses a beneficial effect that technical scheme brought is:

1. the utility model discloses ecological shore protection of plant honeycomb combines honeycomb check room and suitable living plant, combines the ecological, the view advantage of the ecological of honeycomb check room intensity height, durability good, material environmental friendly and plant, has protected ecological environment when having maintained bank slope stability.

2. The stability, hydrophilicity and landscape of the plant honeycomb ecological bank protection of the utility model can protect the environment and reduce the emission of greenhouse gas, and improve the landscape benefit of the bank line by 30 percent or more; and the integral technical development of the repair design, construction and operation of the shoreline is promoted.

3. The construction method is simple and easy, and the transportation is convenient. The halophyte suitable for growing in coastal areas is used as a part of an engineering structure to weaken waves, prolong the service life of the engineering structure and realize the unification of ecological benefits and engineering benefits.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a plant honeycomb ecological bank protection structure according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a plant honeycomb ecological bank protection from top view;

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

Referring to fig. 1-2, the utility model provides an ecological shore protection structure of plant honeycomb, by honeycomb check room 4, soil horizon 2, metalling 3, suitable living plant 5, geotechnological cloth 1, anchor rod 6 are constituteed, wherein, honeycomb check room is used for protecting bank slope and fixed soil, the metalling is used for preventing the soil horizon loss under the hydrodynamic force effect, the plant plays the effect that the bank protection is unrestrained, geotechnological cloth protection bank slope and shore protection dyke heart anchor, pole 6 is for fixed honeycomb check room structure. In the construction of revetment, the lowest water level should be below the plant coverage area. Suaeda salsa and other suitable plants can grow smoothly under the conditions of semi-submergence and above water surface.

The construction method of the plant honeycomb ecological bank protection structure comprises the following specific steps:

in the design and construction, after the bank slope is manually leveled, the geotextile 1 made of materials such as synthetic fibers and the like is covered above the bank slope to prevent the soil loss; in the embodiment, the thickness of each layer of geotextile 1 is 0.5 mm-3 mm. After the geotextile 1 is laid, placing and fixing the honeycomb cells 4, and selecting a plurality of different sizes of the geotextile cells with the size of 16cm multiplied by 16 cm-1 m multiplied by 1m, the height of 10 cm-50 cm and the like to be connected with each other in sequence to form honeycomb-shaped honeycomb cells according to the conditions such as the slope of a bank slope and the like;

after the honeycomb cells are laid, soil is backfilled in the area at the lower part in the honeycomb cells 4 to form a soil layer 2, crushed stones with the mass of 1-5kg are backfilled in the area at the upper part to form a crushed stone layer 3, and the thickness of the soil layer 2 and the thickness of the crushed stone layer 3 respectively occupy about half of the height of each geocell; in the concrete construction, after the backfilling of the soil is finished, sowing proper plant seeds in the soil, and then backfilling broken stones; the selection of plant seeds is to be paid attention to the selection of the types which are suitable for local climate and natural environment, have wide distribution and have higher strength and good bank protection performance. In the embodiment, the honeycomb cells are combined with local suitable plants, the protective performance of civil engineering materials and real plants is exerted, the local ecological environment is protected while the slope surface of the revetment has enough strength, and the normal operation of an ecological system is maintained. Realizes the organic combination and good unification of engineering benefits and ecological benefits.

Specifically, a geotextile layer with the thickness of 2-10mm should be laid on the bank protection slope surface, so that water exchange can be kept between soil and air in the plant growth process, and the soil cannot be lost due to rain wash, seawater erosion and the like. In the honeycomb cells, gravels and soil with proper thickness should be filled, the soil is filled at the lower part of the honeycomb cells, the gravels are filled at the upper part of the honeycomb cells to prevent the loss of the filled soil, and the thickness of the gravels and the soil should respectively occupy about half of the height of the honeycomb cells.

Specifically, the plants in the bank protection structure should be selected to be halophytes suitable for growing in coastal areas, and the selected plants should be suitable for environments with high soil salinization degree in the coastal areas and climatic environments of places where engineering is located, and are common halophyte types widely distributed on local coasts of the engineering;

the stem and the dense branches and leaves with certain strength and rigidity can be selected to form good cooperation by selecting various plants, so that waves acting on the coast can be weakened to a certain extent; different water area environments such as non-submerged environment, semi-submerged environment and total-submerged environment are respectively selected according to the specific situation of the position of the project, and different plant types such as emergent aquatic plants and submerged plants are respectively selected; a bank protection plant community with complete hierarchical system and good matching is formed; the method has good ecological benefit on the region where the bank protection project is located, does not harm the ecological environment and the ecological system of the region where the project is located, and does not cause biological invasion. For example, in Tianjin coastal areas, halophytes such as suaeda salsa, tamarix chinensis and the like can be selected; in coastal areas of south China, mangroves with wide distribution range, strong adaptability, tall and big plants and high trunk rigidity can be selected, and the rice grass causing serious biological invasion is not suitable for being adopted.

To sum up, the utility model discloses the bank protection structure construction is simple and convenient, has realized the protection bank slope effectively and has protected the unity of ecological environment purpose. Due to the existence of plants on the bank protection engineering, the turbulent motion of the water body when waves and tide act on the coast is enhanced, the energy of the water body is fully dissipated, and the waves and the tide are obviously weakened. In the plant honeycomb ecological bank protection structure, plant roots and engineering materials play roles in fixing soil, reinforcing a bank slope and enhancing the stability of the bank slope. Therefore, under the action of waves and tide, the deformation degree and the scoured degree of the coast are obviously reduced due to the protection of the ecological bank protection, and the safety of a bank slope is maintained; compared with the hard engineering revetment without plants, the plant honeycomb ecological revetment protects the coastal ecological environment and the water area ecological system and realizes good unification of ecological benefits and engineering functions. The plant honeycomb ecological revetment can better adapt to and protect the natural environment, plays a role for a long time and protects the stability and the safety of the coast.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. The above description of the embodiments is intended to describe and illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and the above embodiments are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Without departing from the spirit of the invention and the scope of the appended claims, the person skilled in the art can make many changes in form and detail within the teaching of the invention.

Claims (5)

1. A plant honeycomb ecological bank protection structure suitable for coastal areas is characterized by comprising geotextile and honeycomb cells; the geotechnique's cloth covers and lays in bank slope top, fixed placing on the geotechnique's cloth honeycomb check room, honeycomb check room comprises the geotechnique check room interconnect each other of equidimension not, the lower part of honeycomb check room is backfilled and is had soil formation soil horizon, and the upper portion of honeycomb check room is backfilled and is had the rubble that the quality is 1-5kg to be formed with the metalling, and soil horizon and rubble layer respectively account for half of every check room height, and the soil horizon is planted there is the suitable living plant.

2. The ecological revetment structure of plant hives for use in coastal areas of claim 1, wherein said suitable plants are plants adapted to the local climate and the saline-alkali soil growing environment of coastal areas.

3. A plant honeycomb ecological bank protection structure suitable for coastal areas according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the geotextile is 0.5 mm-3 mm.

4. A plant honeycomb ecological bank protection structure suitable for coastal areas according to claim 1, wherein the geocell has a size ranging from 0.16m x 0.16m to 1m x 1m and a height ranging from 0.10m to 0.50 m.

5. A plant honeycomb ecological revetment structure according to claim 1, wherein said honeycomb cells are secured by anchor rods.

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