WO2019179178A1 - 一种无刷无齿内刹电机 - Google Patents

一种无刷无齿内刹电机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019179178A1
WO2019179178A1 PCT/CN2018/120587 CN2018120587W WO2019179178A1 WO 2019179178 A1 WO2019179178 A1 WO 2019179178A1 CN 2018120587 W CN2018120587 W CN 2018120587W WO 2019179178 A1 WO2019179178 A1 WO 2019179178A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
magnetic
brake
hub
friction ring
disposed
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Application number
PCT/CN2018/120587
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
唐达联
金辉
张衡义
Original Assignee
南京康尼机电股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2019179178A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019179178A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
    • H02K7/102—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with friction brakes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D55/00—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
    • F16D55/02—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D59/00—Self-acting brakes, e.g. coming into operation at a predetermined speed
    • F16D59/02—Self-acting brakes, e.g. coming into operation at a predetermined speed spring-loaded and adapted to be released by mechanical, fluid, or electromagnetic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00—Parts or details
    • F16D65/14—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2121/00—Type of actuator operation force
    • F16D2121/18—Electric or magnetic
    • F16D2121/20—Electric or magnetic using electromagnets
    • F16D2121/22—Electric or magnetic using electromagnets for releasing a normally applied brake
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2121/00—Type of actuator operation force
    • F16D2121/18—Electric or magnetic
    • F16D2121/24—Electric or magnetic using motors
    • F16D2121/26—Electric or magnetic using motors for releasing a normally applied brake

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a brushless toothless motor, in particular to a brushless toothless inner brake motor.
  • brakes such as disc brakes, follow-up brakes and drum brakes are used to achieve vehicle braking by using a manual brake to match the brake line.
  • brakes have a complicated structure, and the brake line and the manual brake occupy the entire vehicle space, which affects the beauty of the vehicle; Moreover, the exposure of the brake portion may cause dust and sand to enter, causing the brake effect to be weakened, affecting the overall performance of the vehicle.
  • loosening the manual brake will cause the wheel to rotate freely, resulting in the consequences of rolling, and there are certain safety hazards.
  • the present invention aims to provide a brushless and toothless internal brake motor in view of the deficiencies of the prior art.
  • the invention has simple and compact structure, safe and convenient operation, completes braking of the vehicle through the brake unit inside the device, optimizes the structure of the whole vehicle, and saves cost.
  • the brushless and toothless internal brake motor of the present invention comprises a motor unit and a brake unit, the motor unit comprising a motor shaft, a rotor group and a stator group, the rotor group including a hub, a magnetic steel, an end cover and a bearing
  • the brake unit includes a magnetic brake seat, a moving piece and a friction ring;
  • the wheel hub is a motor casing, and the stator set, the magnetic brake seat, the moving piece and the friction ring are encapsulated in the hub through the end cover;
  • the inside of the wheel hub is evenly attached a magnetic steel;
  • the motor shaft is rotatably fixed to a central position of the hub through a bearing through a bearing;
  • the stator assembly, the magnetic brake seat, the moving piece and the friction ring are sleeved on the motor shaft;
  • the stator assembly is disposed inside the hub, the magnetic brake seat is disposed on a left side of the stator group, a magnetic coil is disposed in the magnetic brake seat, and the magnetic coil is connected to an external switch; the inner side of the friction ring and the end cover The connection ensures the circumferential fixed and axial movement of the friction ring; the movable piece is disposed between the magnetic brake seat and the friction ring, and a return spring is disposed between the movable piece and the magnetic brake seat, and the moving piece passes through the fastener It is connected with the magnetic brake seat to ensure the fixed and axial movement of the rotor in the circumferential direction.
  • the magnetic coil is disposed in a circular groove of the inner cavity of the magnetic brake seat, and the magnetic coil has a lead wire, and the lead wire is led out through an outer wire protection ring on the outer side of the magnetic brake seat, and the magnetic coil Connect to the switch through the lead wire.
  • the end cover is provided with a plurality of step positioning posts, and the friction ring is connected to the end cover through the step positioning post to ensure circumferential fixed and axial movement of the friction ring.
  • the fastener uses a dedicated shaft screw.
  • the return spring is disposed in the positioning hole of the outer edge of the inner side of the magnetic brake seat.
  • the present invention provides a brushless and toothless internal brake motor, which has a beautiful and compact structure, and directly completes braking brake of the vehicle through its own brake unit, thereby eliminating components such as a brake, a brake line and a brake lever. Optimized the structure of the vehicle and saved costs.
  • the invention can realize the braking state after the vehicle is stopped by the built-in brake unit to prevent the vehicle from sliding or slipping; when the manual pushing is required, the switch is switched to the ON state to become the manual pushing mode. Users can freely choose according to their needs, which improves the safety performance and convenience of the whole vehicle.
  • Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is an exploded view of the structure of Figure 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a structural view of the brake unit of FIG. 1.
  • a brushless and toothless internal brake motor as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, includes a motor unit and a brake unit; the motor unit includes a motor shaft 6, a rotor group and a stator group 5, and the rotor group includes The hub 7, the end cap 1, the magnet 15 and the bearing, the brake unit comprises a friction ring 2, a rotor 3 and a magnetic brake seat 4.
  • the hub 7 is a motor casing, and the hub 7 is also a rotor, and a magnetic steel 15 is uniformly attached to the inner circumference of the hub 7.
  • the hub 7 encloses the stator assembly 5, the magnetic brake seat 4, the rotor 3 and the friction ring 2 inside the hub 7 via the end cap 1, and the outer circular groove of the hub 7 can be used to assemble a tire.
  • the motor shaft 6 is rotatably fixed to a central position of the hub 7 through a bearing through a hub 7, and the stator assembly 5, the magnetic brake base 4, the rotor 3 and the friction ring 2 are sleeved on the motor shaft 6.
  • the end cap 1 is fixed to the motor shaft 6 by bearings, and the periphery of the end cap 1 is fixed to the hub 7 by screws, thereby forming a closed loop, which ensures the rotation of the hub 7 relative to the motor shaft 6.
  • the stator set 5 is disposed inside the hub 7, and the stator set 5 is fixed to the motor shaft 6 by flat keys, splines or hobbing, and the axial direction of the stator set 5 is also completed after assembly.
  • the stator group 5 includes a silicon steel sheet, a coil, a Hall sensor, and a wiring board which are disposed at positions corresponding to the magnetic steel 15 of the inner wall of the hub 7.
  • the magnetic brake base 4 is disposed on the left side of the stator assembly 5.
  • the magnetic brake base 4 is fixed to the motor shaft 6 by a flat key, and the step of the motor shaft 6 and the outer diameter of the shaft after the assembly is completed.
  • the axial direction of the magnetic brake seat 4 is also completed.
  • a magnetic coil 8 is disposed in the magnetic brake base 4, and the magnetic coil 8 has a lead wire 9, and the magnetic coil 8 is connected to an external switch through the lead wire 9.
  • the inside of the magnetic brake base 4 is provided with a circular annular groove, and the outer side edge of the inner side surface of the magnetic brake base 4 is uniformly provided with a positioning hole 14 , and a screw hole 13 is uniformly disposed at a central portion of the inner side surface of the magnetic brake base 4 .
  • An outlet protection ring 10 is disposed on the outer side surface of the magnetic brake base 4.
  • the magnetic coil 8 is disposed in a circular groove of the inner cavity of the magnetic brake base 4, and the lead wire 9 of the magnetic coil 8 is led out through the outlet protection ring 10 to be connected to the switch.
  • the friction ring 2 is arranged on the inner side of the end cap 1 to ensure a circumferential fixed and axial movement of the friction ring 2.
  • the edge of the friction ring 2 is provided with three R-shaped slots, and the end cover 1 is provided with three step positioning posts.
  • the friction ring 2 is connected to the corresponding positioning post on the end cover 1 through the R-shaped slot to ensure the friction ring. 2 circumferentially fixed and axial movement.
  • the movable piece 3 is disposed between the magnetic brake base 4 and the friction ring 2, and a return spring 11 is disposed between the movable piece 3 and the magnetic brake base 4, and the return spring 11 is disposed at an outer edge of the inner side surface of the magnetic brake base 4
  • the movable piece 3 is fixed on the magnetic brake base 4 by the axial position screw 12, and one end of the axial position screw 12 is tightly fixed to the magnetic brake base 4 through the screw hole 13 and the other end step portion of the axial position screw 12 Loosely engaging with the movable piece 3, the step size of the axial position screw 12 determines the axial movement distance of the movable piece 3, and the cap of the axial position screw 12 ensures the axial limit of the movable piece 3.
  • the axial position screw 12 adopts a special high-strength step screw. Through the design of the axial position screw 12, not only the axial movement distance of the movable piece 3 can be controlled and the circumferential direction is fixed, but also the overall structure is simplified, and the overall performance is improved.
  • the braking principle of the brake unit of the present invention is as follows: when the switch of the brake unit is turned on, the magnetic coil 8 in the magnetic brake base 4 is energized to generate suction force, and the movable piece 3 moves against the pressure of the return spring 11 toward the magnetic brake seat 4, at this time, the friction The ring 2 is in a free state, the hub 7 can be freely rotated; when the switch is closed, the magnetic coil 8 is de-energized, no magnetic attraction is generated, and the return spring 11 pushes the rotor 3 toward the friction ring 2, under the action of friction, the friction ring 2 and the hub 7 are braked to complete the braking of the vehicle.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

一种无刷无齿内刹电机，包括电机单元和刹车单元，所述电机单元包括电机轴（6）、转子组和定子组（5），所述转子组包括轮毂（7）、磁钢（15）、端盖（1）和轴承，所述刹车单元包括磁刹座（4）、动片（3）和摩擦环（2）；所述轮毂（7）为电机外壳，通过端盖（1）将定子组（5）、磁刹座（4）、动片（3）和摩擦环（2）封装于轮毂（7）内；轮毂（7）内侧圆内均匀贴有磁钢（15）；所述电机轴（6）穿过轮毂（7）通过轴承可转动地固定于轮毂（7）中心位置处；所述定子组（5）、磁刹座（4）、动片（3）和摩擦环（2）均套设在电机轴（6）上。该结构简单紧凑，操作安全便捷，通过装置内部的刹车单元完成车辆的制动，优化了整车的刹车结构，节约了成本。

Description

一种无刷无齿内刹电机 技术领域
本发明涉及一种无刷无齿电机，具体涉及一种无刷无齿内刹电机。
背景技术
现有电动车的轮毂电机大多采用无刷无齿电机或无刷有齿电机，其制动方式都是依托外部的机械结构刹车完成。例如碟刹、随动刹和鼓刹等刹车方式，通过配合刹线利用手动刹把实现车辆制动。然而，此类刹车方式结构繁杂，刹线走线和手动刹把占用整车空间，影响整车的美观；而且，刹车部分的外露会导致灰尘及泥沙进入造成刹车效果减弱，影响车辆整体性能；同时，松开手动刹把会使车轮自由转动，造成溜车的后果，存在一定的安全隐患。
发明内容
发明目的：本发明目的在于针对现有技术的不足，提供一种无刷无齿内刹电机。本发明结构简单紧凑，操作安全便捷，通过装置内部的刹车单元完成车辆的制动，优化了整车的结构，节约了成本。
技术方案：本发明所述无刷无齿内刹电机，包括电机单元和刹车单元，所述电机单元包括电机轴、转子组和定子组，所述转子组包括轮毂、磁钢、端盖和轴承，所述刹车单元包括磁刹座、动片和摩擦环；所述轮毂为电机外壳，通过端盖将定子组、磁刹座、动片和摩擦环封装于轮毂内；轮毂内侧圆内均匀贴有磁钢；所述电机轴穿过轮毂通过轴承可转动地固定于轮毂中心位置处；所述定子组、磁刹座、动片和摩擦环均套设在电机轴上；
所述定子组设置在轮毂的内部，所述磁刹座设置在定子组的左侧，磁刹座内设置有磁力线圈，磁力线圈与外部的开关连接；所述摩擦环与端盖的内侧面连接，保证摩擦环的圆周向固定和轴向运动；所述动片设置在磁刹座与摩擦环之间，动片与磁刹座之间设置有复位弹簧，所述动片通过紧固件与磁刹座连接，保证动片圆周向固定和轴向运动。
进一步地完善上述技术方案，所述磁力线圈设置在磁刹座内腔的圆环形凹槽内，磁力线圈带引出线，所述引出线通过磁刹座外侧面的出线保护圈引出，磁力线圈通过引出线与开关连接。
进一步地，所述端盖上设置有若干个台阶定位柱，所述摩擦环通过台阶定位柱与端盖连接，保证摩擦环的圆周向固定和轴向运动。
进一步地，所述紧固件采用专用的轴位螺钉。
进一步地，所述复位弹簧设置在磁刹座内侧面外边缘的定位孔内。
有益效果：(1)本发明提供一种无刷无齿内刹电机，结构美观紧凑，通过自身的刹车单元直接完成车辆的刹车制动，省去了刹车器、刹线和刹把等部件，优化了整车的结构，节约了成本。
(2)本发明通过内置刹车单元能够实现车辆停车后，一直保持制动状态，防止车辆滑行或后溜；当需要手动推行时，将开关切换至接通状态即可变成手动推行模式。用户可根据需求自由选择，提高了整车的安全性能和便捷性。
附图说明
图1为本发明的剖面图。
图2为图1的结构分解图。
图3为图1中刹车单元结构图。
其中，1、端盖；2、摩擦环；3、动片；4、磁刹座；5、定子组；6、电机轴；7、轮毂；8、磁力线圈；9、引出线；10、出线保护圈；11、复位弹簧；12、轴位螺钉；13、螺纹孔；14、定位孔；15、磁钢。
具体实施方式
下面通过附图对本发明技术方案进行详细说明，但是本发明的保护范围不局限于所述实施例。
实施例：一种无刷无齿内刹电机，如图1和图2所示，包括电机单元和刹车单元；所述电机单元包括电机轴6、转子组和定子组5，所述转子组包括轮毂7、端盖1、磁钢15和轴承，所述刹车单元包括摩擦环2、动片3和磁刹座4。
所述轮毂7为电机外壳，轮毂7同时也是转子，轮毂7内侧圆内均匀贴有磁钢15。所述轮毂7通过端盖1将定子组5、磁刹座4、动片3和摩擦环2封装在轮毂7的内部，轮毂7的外圆槽可用于装配轮胎。
所述电机轴6穿过轮毂7通过轴承可转动地固定于轮毂7中心位置处，所述定子组5、磁刹座4、动片3和摩擦环2均套设在电机轴6上。
所述端盖1通过轴承与电机轴6固定，端盖1的四周通过螺钉与轮毂7固定，从而形成闭环，保证了轮毂7相对于电机轴6的转动。
所述定子组5设置在轮毂7的内部，定子组5通过平键、花键或滚齿与电机轴6固定，装配完成后定子组5的轴向也完成定位。定子组5包括矽钢片匝、线圈、霍尔传感器和线路板，所述矽钢片匝设置在与轮毂7内壁的磁钢15相对应的位置上。
如图3所示，所述磁刹座4设置在定子组5的左侧，磁刹座4通过平键与电机轴6圆周 向固定，装配完成后由电机轴6的台阶及轴外径，磁刹座4的轴向也完成定位。磁刹座4内设置有磁力线圈8，磁力线圈8带引出线9，磁力线圈8通过引出线9与外部的开关连接。所述磁刹座4的内部设置有圆环形凹槽，磁刹座4的内侧面外边缘均匀地设置有定位孔14，磁刹座4的内侧面中部位置处均匀设置有螺纹孔13，磁刹座4外侧面上设置有出线保护圈10。所述磁力线圈8设置在磁刹座4内腔的圆环形凹槽内，磁力线圈8的引出线9通过出线保护圈10引出与开关连接。
所述摩擦环2设置在端盖1的内侧面，保证摩擦环2圆周向固定和轴向运动。所述摩擦环2的边缘设置有3个R型槽孔，端盖1上设置有3根台阶定位柱，摩擦环2通过R形槽孔与端盖1上对应的定位柱连接，保证摩擦环2的圆周向固定和轴向运动。
所述动片3设置在磁刹座4与摩擦环2之间，动片3与磁刹座4之间设置有复位弹簧11，所述复位弹簧11设置在磁刹座4内侧面外边缘的定位孔14内；所述动片3通过轴位螺钉12固定在磁刹座4上，轴位螺钉12的一端通过螺纹孔13与磁刹座4紧固定，轴位螺钉12的另一端台阶部分与动片3松配合，轴位螺钉12的台阶尺寸即确定了动片3的轴向运动距离，轴位螺钉12的帽头保证了动片3的轴向限位。所述轴位螺钉12采用专用的高强度台阶螺钉，通过轴位螺钉12的设计，不仅可以控制动片3的轴向运动距离并保持圆周向固定，而且简化了整体结构，提高了整体性能。
本发明刹车单元的制动原理如下：当刹车单元的开关开启时，磁刹座4内的磁力线圈8通电产生吸力，动片3克服复位弹簧11的压力向磁刹座4移动，此时摩擦环2处于自由状态，轮毂7可以自由转动；当开关关闭时，磁力线圈8失电，不产生磁吸力，复位弹簧11将动片3推向摩擦环2，在摩擦力的作用下，摩擦环2和轮毂7就被刹住，从而完成车辆的制动。
如上所述，尽管参照特定的优选实施例已经表示和表述了本发明，但其不得解释为对本发明自身的限制。在不脱离所附权利要求定义的本发明的精神和范围前提下，可对其在形式上和细节上作出各种变化。

Claims (5)

  1. 一种无刷无齿内刹电机，包括电机单元和刹车单元，所述电机单元包括电机轴、转子组和定子组，所述转子组包括轮毂、磁钢、端盖和轴承，所述刹车单元包括磁刹座、动片和摩擦环；其特征在于：所述轮毂为电机外壳，通过端盖将定子组、磁刹座、动片和摩擦环封装于轮毂内；轮毂内侧圆内均匀贴有磁钢；所述电机轴穿过轮毂通过轴承可转动地固定于轮毂中心位置处；所述定子组、磁刹座、动片和摩擦环均套设在电机轴上；
    所述定子组设置在轮毂的内部，所述磁刹座设置在定子组的左侧，磁刹座内设置有磁力线圈，磁力线圈与外部的开关连接；所述摩擦环与端盖的内侧面连接，保证摩擦环的圆周向固定和轴向运动；所述动片设置在磁刹座与摩擦环之间，动片与磁刹座之间设置有复位弹簧，所述动片通过紧固件与磁刹座连接，保证动片圆周向固定和轴向运动。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的无刷无齿内刹电机，其特征在于：所述磁力线圈设置在磁刹座内腔的圆环形凹槽内，磁力线圈带引出线，所述引出线通过磁刹座外侧面的出线保护圈引出，磁力线圈通过引出线与开关连接。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的无刷无齿内刹电机，其特征在于：所述端盖上设置有若干个台阶定位柱，所述摩擦环通过台阶定位柱与端盖连接，保证摩擦环的圆周向固定和轴向运动。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的无刷无齿内刹电机，其特征在于：所述紧固件采用专用的轴位螺钉。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的无刷无齿内刹电机，其特征在于：所述复位弹簧设置在磁刹座内侧面外边缘的定位孔内。
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