WO2019176646A1 - Module de cellules solaires - Google Patents

Module de cellules solaires Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019176646A1
WO2019176646A1 PCT/JP2019/008614 JP2019008614W WO2019176646A1 WO 2019176646 A1 WO2019176646 A1 WO 2019176646A1 JP 2019008614 W JP2019008614 W JP 2019008614W WO 2019176646 A1 WO2019176646 A1 WO 2019176646A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
solar cell
cell module
layer
sealing material
surface protection
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PCT/JP2019/008614
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
元彦 杉山
善光 生駒
直樹 栗副
陽介 石井
厚志 福島
辻　雅司
知宏 吉原
剛士 植田
Original Assignee
パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社
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Application filed by パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 filed Critical パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社
Priority to JP2020506422A priority Critical patent/JPWO2019176646A1/ja
Publication of WO2019176646A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019176646A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a solar cell module.
  • the solar cell module basically includes a first substrate (surface protective substrate), a first resin layer (sealing material layer), a photoelectric conversion unit, and a second resin layer (sealing material layer). And a second substrate (back surface protection substrate) in this order. That is, the photoelectric conversion unit is protected by covering the front and back surfaces of the photoelectric conversion unit with the first substrate and the first resin layer, and the second resin layer and the second substrate. And in a photoelectric conversion part, a several photovoltaic cell is arranged in matrix form, and adjacent photovoltaic cells are electrically connected by tab wiring. In this manner, for example, the output voltage is increased by electrically connecting the plurality of solar cells with the plurality of tab wirings.
  • a glass substrate has been generally used as a protective substrate for a solar cell module.
  • resin substrates have been used instead of glass substrates for weight reduction.
  • each layer is formed by pressurizing while heating to 100 ° C or more.
  • a method of bonding is common.
  • the surface protection substrate and the back surface protection substrate are made of resin
  • the surface protection substrate and the back surface protection substrate are greatly contracted.
  • the surface protection substrate and the back surface protection substrate are different in material and / or thickness, there is a difference in shrinkage rate, and as a result, there is a problem that the obtained solar cell module warps in a concave shape.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a method of predicting the warpage of the solar cell module and imparting the warpage in the opposite direction to the warpage. Specifically, Patent Document 1 discloses a method of manufacturing a solar cell module by heating and pressing under vacuum in a state where a transparent plate, a sealing material, and solar cells are stacked. . And in the said manufacturing method, it heats and pressurizes in the state which was warped contrary to the curvature of the solar cell module which is set
  • Patent Document 2 discloses a method of suppressing concave warpage by making the thermal expansion coefficients of the front surface protection substrate and the rear surface protection substrate substantially equal. Specifically, in Patent Document 2, a solar cell, a translucent plastic surface material bonded to the light receiving surface side of the solar cell, and a surface material and a thermal expansion coefficient bonded to the back surface side of the solar cell. Discloses a solar cell module composed of a plastic backing material having substantially the same size.
  • JP 2010-258380 A Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 63-43457
  • the present invention has been made in view of such problems of the conventional technology. And the objective of this invention is providing the solar cell module which can suppress concave curvature by a simple method.
  • a solar cell module includes, in order from the light-receiving surface side, a resin-made surface protective substrate, a gel polymer layer, a first sealing material layer, , A photoelectric conversion unit, a second sealing material layer, and a back surface protective layer including a low thermal expansion component oriented in one direction.
  • the tensile elastic modulus of the gel polymer layer is smaller than any tensile elastic modulus of the surface protective substrate, the first sealing material layer, and the second sealing material layer.
  • the back surface protective layer has a unidirectional thermal expansion coefficient smaller than that of the surface protective substrate. In the back surface protective layer, the thermal expansion coefficient in one direction is different from the thermal expansion coefficient in the other direction perpendicular to the one direction.
  • the moving body according to the second aspect of the present invention includes a solar cell module.
  • FIG. 1 is a plan view showing the solar cell module according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a cross section of the solar cell module taken along line II-II in FIG.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a cross section of a solar cell module having a form different from that of FIG.
  • Fig.4 (a) is a top view which shows the state which the fiber material extended
  • FIG. 4B is a side view showing a state where the light receiving surface side of the solar cell module is convex.
  • Fig.5 (a) is a top view which shows the state which the fiber material extended
  • FIG. 5B is a side view showing a state where the light receiving surface side of the solar cell module is concave.
  • FIG. 6 is a side view showing a solar cell module using a back surface protective layer having slits.
  • FIG. 7 is a plan view showing a back surface protective layer of the solar cell module shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 8 is a plan view showing another example of the back surface protective layer having slits.
  • FIG. 9 is a plan view showing the solar cell module according to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 10A is a schematic view showing a cross section of the solar cell module taken along line XA-XA in FIG.
  • FIG. 10B is a schematic view showing a cross section of the solar cell module taken along line XB-XB in FIG.
  • FIG. 10A is a schematic view showing a cross section of the solar cell module taken along line XA-XA in FIG.
  • FIG. 10B is a schematic view showing a cross section of the solar cell module taken along line
  • FIG. 11 is a plan view showing a solar cell module according to the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic view showing a cross section of the solar cell module taken along line XII-XII in FIG.
  • FIG. 13A is a schematic view showing a cross section of the solar cell module taken along line XIIIA-XIIIA in FIG.
  • FIG. 13B is a schematic view showing a cross section of the solar cell module taken along line XIIIB-XIIIB in FIG.
  • FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view showing a mode in which convex ribs are provided in the extending portion of the surface protection substrate.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic view showing a cross section of the solar cell module according to the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic view showing a cross section of the solar cell module taken along line XII-XII in FIG.
  • FIG. 13A is a schematic view showing a cross section of the solar cell module taken along line XIIIA-XIIIA
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic view showing a cross section of the solar cell module according to the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 17 is a plan view showing a solar cell module according to the fourth embodiment.
  • FIG. 18A is a schematic view showing a cross section of the solar cell module taken along line XVIIIA-XVIIIA in FIG.
  • FIG. 18B is a schematic view showing a cross section of the solar cell module taken along line XVIIIB-XVIIIB in FIG.
  • FIG. 19 is a plan view showing a state in which a frame member is provided around the surface protection substrate in the solar cell module of FIG.
  • FIG. 20A is a schematic view showing a cross section of the solar cell module taken along line XXA-XXA in FIG.
  • FIG. 20B is a schematic view showing a cross section of the solar cell module taken along line XXB-XXB in FIG.
  • FIG. 21A is a schematic diagram showing a cross section taken along line XVIIIA-XVIIIA in FIG. 17, regarding another example of the solar cell module according to the fourth embodiment.
  • FIG. 21B is a schematic view showing a cross section taken along line XVIIIB-XVIIIB in FIG. 17, regarding another example of the solar cell module according to the fourth embodiment.
  • FIG. 22A is a schematic diagram showing a cross section taken along line XVIIIA-XVIIIA in FIG. 17, regarding another example of the solar cell module according to the fourth embodiment.
  • FIG. 21A is a schematic diagram showing a cross section taken along line XVIIIA-XVIIIA in FIG. 17, regarding another example of the solar cell module according to the fourth embodiment.
  • FIG. 22B is a schematic view showing a cross section taken along line XVIIIB-XVIIIB in FIG. 17, regarding another example of the solar cell module according to the fourth embodiment.
  • FIG. 23A is a schematic view showing a cross section taken along line XVIIIA-XVIIIA in FIG. 17, regarding another example of the solar cell module according to the fourth embodiment.
  • FIG. 23B is a schematic diagram showing a cross section taken along line XVIIIB-XVIIIB in FIG. 17, regarding another example of the solar cell module according to the fourth embodiment.
  • FIG. 24 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the solar cell module according to Example 1-1.
  • FIG. 25 shows the evaluation results of the solar cell module in Example 1-1.
  • FIG.25 (a) is a top view of the back surface protective layer used with the solar cell module.
  • FIG. 25 (b) is a side view showing the result of obtaining the displacement when the solar cell module is cooled along the fiber direction B.
  • FIG. 25 (c) is a side view showing the result of obtaining the displacement when the solar cell module is cooled along the direction C perpendicular to the fiber direction B.
  • FIG. 25 (d) is a graph showing the relationship between the amount of vertical displacement and temperature at the right end of the solar cell module.
  • FIG. 26 shows the evaluation results of the solar cell module in Example 1-2.
  • Fig.26 (a) is a top view of the back surface protective layer used with the solar cell module.
  • FIG.26 (b) is a perspective view which shows the result of having calculated
  • FIG.26 (c) is a graph which shows the relationship between the amount of displacements of the up-down direction in the right end of a solar cell module, and temperature.
  • FIG. 27 shows the evaluation results of the solar cell module in Comparative Example 1.
  • Fig.27 (a) is a top view of the back surface protective layer used with the solar cell module.
  • FIG. 27B is a perspective view showing a result of obtaining a displacement when the solar cell module is cooled.
  • FIG. 27C is a graph showing the relationship between the amount of vertical displacement and temperature at the right end of the solar cell module.
  • FIG. 28 shows the evaluation results of the solar cell module in Example 1-3.
  • FIG. 28A is a side view showing the result of obtaining the displacement when the solar cell module is cooled along the fiber direction B.
  • FIG. 28B shows an enlarged right end in the case where the solar cell module is cooled and deformed.
  • FIG. 29 is a schematic diagram showing the solar cell modules of Example 2 and Comparative Example 2 used in the simulation.
  • 29A is a plan view showing the solar cell module
  • FIG. 29B is a view of the solar cell module of FIG. 29A viewed from the right side
  • FIG. 29C is FIG. It is the figure which looked at the solar cell module of a) from the lower surface.
  • FIG. 30 is a perspective view showing displacement when the solar cell modules of Example 2 and Comparative Example 2 are cooled in the simulation.
  • FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a solar cell module 100 according to the first embodiment.
  • a rectangular coordinate system composed of an x-axis, a y-axis, and a z-axis is defined.
  • the x axis and the y axis are orthogonal to each other in the plane of the solar cell module 100.
  • the z axis is perpendicular to the x axis and the y axis and extends in the thickness direction of the solar cell module 100.
  • the positive directions of the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis are each defined in the direction of the arrow in FIG.
  • the negative direction is defined in the direction opposite to the arrow.
  • the main plane disposed on the positive side of the z-axis is a “light-receiving surface”.
  • the main plane disposed on the negative direction side of the z-axis is the “back surface”.
  • the “light receiving surface” means a surface on which light is mainly incident, and the “back surface” means a surface opposite to the light receiving surface.
  • the positive direction side of the z-axis may be referred to as “light-receiving surface side”
  • the negative direction side of the z-axis may be referred to as “back surface side”.
  • the solar cell module 100 has a plurality of solar cells 10, a plurality of tab wires 12, and a plurality of connection wires 14. Each of the plurality of solar cells 10 absorbs incident light and generates photovoltaic power.
  • the solar battery cell 10 is formed of a semiconductor material such as crystalline silicon, gallium arsenide (GaAs), or indium phosphide (InP).
  • the structure of the solar battery cell 10 is not particularly limited, but here, as an example, it is assumed that crystalline silicon and amorphous silicon are stacked. Although omitted in FIG.
  • a plurality of finger electrodes extending in the x direction in parallel to each other and a plurality of finger electrodes extending in the y direction so as to be orthogonal to the plurality of finger electrodes are provided on the light receiving surface and the back surface of each solar battery cell 10.
  • two bus bar electrodes are provided. The bus bar electrode connects each of the plurality of finger electrodes.
  • the plurality of solar cells 10 are arranged in a matrix on the xy plane.
  • four solar cells 10 are arranged in the x direction, and five solar cells 10 are arranged in the y direction.
  • the number of the photovoltaic cells 10 arranged in the x direction and the number of the photovoltaic cells 10 arranged in the y direction are not limited to these.
  • the five solar cells 10 arranged side by side in the y direction are connected in series by the tab wiring 12 to form one solar cell string 16.
  • the four solar cells 10 are arranged in the x direction, four solar cell strings 16 extending in the y direction are arranged in parallel in the x direction.
  • the solar cell string 16 refers to a combination of a plurality of solar cells 10 and a plurality of tab wires 12.
  • the tab wiring 12 electrically connects the bus bar electrode on one light receiving surface side of the adjacent solar cells 10 and the bus bar electrode on the other back surface side. That is, the adjacent solar cells 10 are electrically connected to each other by the tab wiring 12.
  • the tab wiring 12 is an elongated metal foil. For example, a copper foil coated with solder or silver is used. Resin is used for connection between the tab wiring 12 and the bus bar electrode. This resin may be either conductive or non-conductive. In the latter case, the tab wiring 12 and the bus bar electrode are electrically connected by direct contact. The tab wiring 12 and the bus bar electrode may be connected by using solder instead of resin.
  • connection wires 14 extend in the x direction on the positive side and the negative side of the y-axis of the solar cell string 16.
  • the connection wiring 14 electrically connects two adjacent solar cell strings 16.
  • each of the solar battery cell 10 and the solar battery string 16 may be a “photoelectric converter”, and a combination of the plurality of solar battery strings 16 and the connection wiring 14 is a “photoelectric converter”. Also good.
  • a frame member (not shown) may be attached to the outer edge of the solar cell module 100. The frame member protects the outer edge of the solar cell module 100 and is used when the solar cell module 100 is installed on a roof or the like.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a part of the solar cell module 100 taken along the line II-II in FIG.
  • the solar cell module 100 includes a solar cell string 16 including solar cells 10 and tab wires 12, connection wires 14, a surface protection substrate 20, a gel polymer layer 22, a first sealing material layer 26, and a second seal.
  • a stopper layer 28 and a back surface protective layer 32 are provided. 2 corresponds to the light receiving surface (front surface) side, and the lower side corresponds to the back surface side.
  • the surface protection substrate 20 in order from the light receiving surface side, the surface protection substrate 20, the gel polymer layer 22, the first sealing material layer 26, and the photoelectric conversion unit (solar cell 10, tab wiring 12, The connection wiring 14), the second sealing material layer 28, and the back surface protective layer 32 are laminated.
  • a back surface protective layer 32 is provided on the back surface of the solar cell module 100. As shown in FIG. 2, since the thickness of the back surface protective layer 32 is thinner than that of the front surface protective substrate 20, the back surface protective layer 32 has small rigidity and is easily deformed. In addition, the one-way thermal expansion coefficient of the back surface protection layer 32 is smaller than the thermal expansion coefficient of the front surface protection substrate 20, and the one-way expansion and contraction of the back surface protection layer 32 due to the temperature change is the expansion and contraction of the front surface protection substrate 20. Smaller than.
  • the gel-like polymer layer 22 has a lower tensile elastic modulus than any one of the surface protective substrate 20, the first sealing material layer 26, and the second sealing material layer 28, and has a high flexibility. . Therefore, even when the surface protective substrate 20 expands and contracts due to a temperature change, the lower gel-like polymer layer 22 adjacent to the surface protective substrate 20 has a small tensile elastic modulus, and therefore can follow the expansion and contraction of the surface protective substrate 20. it can.
  • the gel-like polymer layer 22 follows the expansion and contraction, so that the generation of stress due to the expansion and contraction of the surface protective substrate 20 is alleviated.
  • the back surface protective layer 32 has a thermal expansion coefficient in a predetermined direction smaller than that of the front surface protective substrate 20, and is difficult to expand and contract due to a temperature change. Therefore, it is suppressed that either one tends to expand and contract on the front and back of the solar cell module 100, and the balance of stress is maintained. As a result, generation
  • the back surface protective layer 32 is thin, it has a small rigidity and is easily deformed, and therefore has excellent followability to a curved surface shape. Furthermore, by reducing the thickness of the back surface protective layer 32, it is possible to reduce the weight as compared with a substrate-like substrate (back surface protective substrate) equivalent to the surface protective substrate 20.
  • the surface protection substrate 20 is a substrate that is located on the sunlight receiving side of the solar cell module 100 and is made of a transparent resin.
  • the transparent resin constituting the surface protective substrate 20 include polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), cyclic polyolefin, polycarbonate (PC), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and polystyrene (PS). ), At least one selected from the group consisting of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyethylene naphthalate (PEN).
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • PEN polyethylene naphthalate
  • Polycarbonate (PC) is excellent in impact resistance and translucency, and is suitable for protecting the surface of the solar cell module 100.
  • the surface protective substrate 20 may include a hard coat layer made of silicone or acrylic urethane on the surface. Furthermore, the surface protective substrate 20 or the hard coat layer may contain an ultraviolet absorber, a gloss adjusting agent, and an antireflection component.
  • the thickness of the surface protective substrate 20 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 2 mm to 6 mm, and more preferably 3 mm to 5 mm. As will be described later, the thickness of the back surface protective layer 32 is preferably 10% or less of the thickness of the surface protective substrate 20. And the mechanical strength which falls because the thickness of the back surface protective layer 32 is thin is ensured by the surface protective substrate 20 being thick. By setting the thickness of the surface protection substrate 20 in such a range, the solar cell module 100 can be appropriately protected, and incident light can efficiently reach the photoelectric conversion unit (solar cell 10).
  • the tensile elastic modulus of the surface protective substrate 20 is preferably 1.0 GPa to 10.0 GPa, and more preferably 2.3 GPa to 2.5 GPa. By setting the tensile elastic modulus of the surface protection substrate 20 in such a range, the surface of the solar cell module 100 can be appropriately protected.
  • the tensile modulus in the present specification can be measured, for example, according to JIS K7161-1 (Plastics-Determination of tensile properties-Part 1: General rules) as follows.
  • the tensile modulus is a value when the temperature is 23 ⁇ 2 ° C. and the humidity is 50 ⁇ 10%.
  • Et ( ⁇ 2 ⁇ 1) / ( ⁇ 2 ⁇ 1) (1)
  • Et is the tensile modulus (Pa)
  • the total light transmittance of the surface protective substrate 20 is preferably 80% or more, more preferably 90 to 100%. By setting the total light transmittance of the surface protective substrate 20 within this range, light can efficiently reach the photoelectric conversion unit (solar cell 10).
  • the total light transmittance in this specification can be measured by, for example, JIS K7361-1 (Plastic—Test method for total light transmittance of transparent material—Part 1: Single beam method).
  • the thermal expansion coefficient (linear expansion coefficient) of the surface protective substrate 20 is not particularly limited, but can be 40 to 110 ( ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 K ⁇ 1 ).
  • the thermal expansion coefficient (linear expansion coefficient) in this specification can be measured by JIS K7197: 2012 (linear expansion coefficient test method by thermomechanical analysis of plastics).
  • the gel-like polymer layer 22 is a layer formed of a gel-like polymer rich in flexibility, and is located between the surface protective substrate 20 and the first sealing material layer 26.
  • the gel polymer layer 22 has flexibility, and follows the expansion and contraction when the surface protection substrate 20 expands and contracts. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the stress due to the expansion and contraction of the surface protection substrate 20 from being transmitted to the photoelectric conversion unit. That is, the stress due to the expansion and contraction of the surface protective substrate 20 can be relaxed by the gel-like polymer layer 22.
  • the gel is not particularly limited, but is classified into a gel containing a solvent and a gel not containing a solvent.
  • a hydrogel whose dispersion medium is water or an organogel whose dispersion medium is an organic solvent can be used.
  • a gel containing a solvent it is possible to use either a polymer gel having a number average molecular weight of 10,000 or more, an oligomer gel having a number average molecular weight of 1,000 or more and less than 10,000, or a low molecular gel having a number average molecular weight of less than 1,000. it can.
  • the gel polymer is preferably composed of at least one selected from the group consisting of silicone resin, urethane resin, acrylic resin and styrene resin.
  • the gel-like polymer layer 22 preferably has a thickness of 5 to 70% with respect to the thickness of the surface protective substrate 20, and more preferably has a thickness of 10 to 50%. Since the gel-like polymer layer 22 has such a thickness, stress due to expansion / contraction of the surface protective substrate 20 can be sufficiently relieved.
  • the tensile elastic modulus of the gel polymer layer 22 is preferably 0.1 kPa or more and less than 5 MPa, more preferably 1 kPa or more and 1 MPa or less. When the tensile elastic modulus of the gel polymer layer 22 is in such a range, the stress due to expansion / contraction of the surface protective substrate 20 can be sufficiently relaxed.
  • the total light transmittance of the gel polymer layer 22 is preferably 80% or more, and preferably 90 to 100%. By setting the total light transmittance of the gel polymer layer 22 within this range, light can efficiently reach the photoelectric conversion portion (solar cell 10).
  • the 1st sealing material layer 26 and the 2nd sealing material layer 28 seal a photoelectric conversion part.
  • the first sealing material layer 26 is disposed on the negative direction side (lower side) of the z-axis of the surface protection substrate 20, and the second sealing material layer 28 is the positive direction side of the back surface protection layer 32 on the z-axis. (Upper side).
  • a gel having a tensile modulus of 0.001 MPa to 1 MPa and a loss coefficient of 0.1 to 0.52 is used.
  • a gel for example, at least one selected from the group consisting of silicone gel, acrylic gel, and urethane gel can be used.
  • the tensile modulus is about 0.022 MPa.
  • the loss coefficient is a ratio G ′′ / G ′ between the storage shear modulus (G ′) and the loss shear modulus (G ′′) and is represented by tan ⁇ .
  • the loss factor indicates how much energy the material absorbs when the material deforms. The larger the value of tan ⁇ , the more energy is absorbed. This loss factor is measured by a dynamic viscoelasticity measuring device.
  • the first sealing material layer 26 is formed of a rectangular sheet material having translucency and having a surface with slightly small dimensions in the xy plane of the surface protection substrate 20.
  • the first sealing material layer 26 may be liquid.
  • the second sealing material layer 28 for example, a thermoplastic resin such as a resin film such as EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer), PVB (polyvinyl butyral), polyimide, or the like is used.
  • a thermosetting resin may be used.
  • EVA is preferably used.
  • the tensile modulus is 0.01 to 0.25 GPa and the loss factor is about 0.05.
  • the second sealing material layer 28 is formed of a rectangular sheet material having translucency and having a surface having a slightly small size in the xy plane of the surface protection substrate 20.
  • the back surface protective layer 32 which is thin and has low rigidity is provided on the back surface of the solar cell module 100.
  • the second sealing material layer 28 located on the back surface protective layer 32 side is easily affected by stress from the back surface protective layer 32, and there is a concern that the tab wiring 12 may be disconnected. Therefore, in the solar cell module 100, the tensile elastic modulus of the second sealing material layer 28 is preferably larger than the tensile elastic modulus of the first sealing material layer 26.
  • the tensile elastic modulus of the second sealing material layer 28 that is, making it difficult to deform, the tab wiring 12 becomes difficult to displace, and disconnection of the tab wiring 12 due to stress from the back surface protection layer 32 is prevented. Can be suppressed.
  • the solar cell module 100 includes a surface protection substrate 20, a gel polymer layer 22, a first sealing material layer 26, a photoelectric conversion unit, a second sealing material layer 28, and a back surface protection layer 32. ing. However, the solar cell module 100 includes the intermediate layer 24 between at least one of the gel-like polymer layer 22 and the first sealing material layer 26 and between the second sealing material layer 28 and the back surface protective layer 32. , 30 is preferably included. Moreover, it is preferable that the intermediate layers 24 and 30 are layers whose tensile elastic modulus is larger than any of the first sealing material layer 26 and the second sealing material layer 28.
  • the back surface protective layer 32 is relatively thin, it cannot be said that the mechanical strength is high, and there is a concern that the impact resistance on the back surface side is lowered. That is, there is a concern that the solar battery cell 10 may be damaged due to an impact received on the back side when the solar battery module 100 is transported or installed. Therefore, a medium having a relatively large tensile elastic modulus is provided between at least one of the gel-like polymer layer 22 and the first sealing material layer 26 and between the second sealing material layer 28 and the back surface protective layer 32. By providing the layer, impact resistance can be improved.
  • the intermediate layers 24 and 30 are provided both between the gel polymer layer 22 and the first sealing material layer 26 and between the second sealing material layer 28 and the back surface protective layer 32. Is shown.
  • the solar cell module shown in FIG. 3 is different from the configuration shown in FIG. 2 in that the intermediate layers 24 and 30 are provided, but the other configurations are the same. From the viewpoint of improving the strength, it is preferable to provide two intermediate layers 24 and 30 as shown in FIG.
  • the intermediate layer 24 has a tensile elastic modulus larger than any of the first sealing material layer 26 and the second sealing material layer 28. Therefore, even when the surface protection substrate 20 expands and contracts, since the intermediate layer 24 does not follow the expansion and contraction of the surface protection substrate 20, it is possible to suppress the transmission of stress to the photoelectric conversion unit.
  • the thermal expansion coefficients of the intermediate layers 24 and 30 are smaller than the thermal expansion coefficients of the first sealing material layer 26 and the second sealing material layer 28. With such a configuration, even when the surface protection substrate 20 expands and contracts due to a temperature change, the intermediate layers 24 and 30 can relieve stress due to the expansion and contraction of the surface protection substrate 20.
  • the materials constituting the intermediate layers 24 and 30 are polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polycarbonate, polyacetal, acrylic resin, polyamide resin, ABS resin, ACS resin, AES. Examples thereof include resins, ASA resins, and copolymers thereof.
  • the intermediate layers 24 and 30 may be made of fluorine resin such as polyvinyl fluoride (PVF), silicone resin, cellulose, nitrile resin, phenol resin, polyurethane, ionomer, polybutadiene, polybutylene, polymethylpentene, polyvinyl alcohol.
  • the materials constituting the intermediate layers 24 and 30 may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Especially, as a material which comprises the intermediate
  • the intermediate layer 30 positioned between the second sealing material layer 28 and the back surface protective layer 32 preferably has electrical insulation.
  • a conductive base material such as CFRP
  • CFRP conductive base material
  • the occurrence of leakage current may be a problem. Therefore, the leakage current can be insulated by disposing the intermediate layer 30 having electrical insulation between the second sealing material layer 28 and the back surface protective layer 32.
  • the material of the intermediate layer 30 used here it is preferable to use a material having high electrical insulation among the materials of the intermediate layer.
  • the thickness of the intermediate layers 24 and 30 is preferably 1 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m, and more preferably 10 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m. When the intermediate layer 24 has such a thickness, transmission of stress due to expansion / contraction of the surface protective substrate 20 to the photoelectric conversion unit can be sufficiently suppressed.
  • the thicknesses of the intermediate layers 24 and 30 may be the same or different.
  • the thermal expansion coefficients of the intermediate layers 24 and 30 are preferably 10 to 50 ( ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 K ⁇ 1 ), and more preferably 15 to 30 ( ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 K ⁇ 1 ).
  • the thermal expansion coefficient of the intermediate layer 24 is within this range, even when the surface protective substrate 20 expands and contracts due to heat, the expansion and contraction of the intermediate layer 24 is smaller than that of the surface protective substrate 20. Therefore, it can suppress that the stress by the expansion / contraction of the surface protection board
  • substrate 20 is transmitted to a photoelectric conversion part.
  • the total light transmittance of the intermediate layer 24 is preferably 80% or more, and preferably 90 to 100%. By setting the total light transmittance of the intermediate layer 24 within this range, light can efficiently reach the photoelectric conversion unit (solar cell 10).
  • the tensile elastic modulus of the intermediate layers 24 and 30 is preferably 1.0 to 10.0 GPa, and more preferably 2 to 5 GPa. When the tensile elastic modulus of the intermediate layer 24 is within such a range, the stress due to expansion and contraction of the surface protective substrate 20 can be sufficiently relaxed.
  • a film having a water vapor transmission rate of 1.0 g / m 2 ⁇ day or less is formed on at least one of the front and back surfaces of the intermediate layers 24 and 30.
  • the water vapor transmission rate in this specification is determined by, for example, the infrared sensor method stipulated in Appendix B of JIS K7129: 2008 (Plastics-Films and Sheets-Method of determining water vapor transmission rate (instrument measurement method)). Can do.
  • a film having an oxygen permeability of 8.0 ml / m 2 ⁇ day or less is preferably formed on at least one of the front and back surfaces of the intermediate layers 24 and 30.
  • the film provided on the intermediate layers 24 and 30 can be formed by a coating method or a vapor deposition method.
  • the coating provided on the intermediate layers 24 and 30 is preferably composed of an inorganic composite material containing Si and O. Examples of such materials include siloxane compounds, among which polyorganosiloxane is preferable.
  • the back surface protection layer 32 in order to protect the back surface side of the solar cell module 100, the back surface protection layer 32 as a back sheet is provided. And the back surface protective layer 32 has the low thermal expansion component orientated only in one direction. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4A, the back surface protective layer 32 includes a base material 321 and a fiber material 322 that is provided inside the base material 321 and is a low thermal expansion component.
  • the base material 321 constituting the back protective layer 32 preferably contains a resin, and more preferably consists of a resin.
  • the base material 321 includes an epoxy resin, polyimide (PI), cyclic polyolefin, polycarbonate (PC), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyether ether ketone (PEEK), polystyrene (PS), polyethylene terephthalate (PET). And at least one selected from the group consisting of polyethylene naphthalate (PEN).
  • PI polyimide
  • PC polymethyl methacrylate
  • PEEK polyether ether ketone
  • PS polystyrene
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • PEN polyethylene naphthalate
  • the low thermal expansion component constituting the back surface protective layer 32 is preferably a material whose one-way thermal expansion coefficient in the back surface protective layer 32 is smaller than the thermal expansion coefficient of the surface protective substrate 20.
  • a fiber material 322 is used as the low thermal expansion component of the back surface protective layer 32.
  • the fiber material 322 is not particularly limited, at least one of an inorganic fiber made of an inorganic material and an organic fiber made of an organic material can be used. For example, at least one selected from the group consisting of carbon fiber, glass fiber, and aramid fiber Is preferably used.
  • the back surface protective layer 32 is preferably made of fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) having a base material 321 and a fiber material 322 which are matrix resins.
  • FRP fiber reinforced plastic
  • the fiber reinforced plastic at least one selected from the group consisting of carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP), glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP), and aramid fiber reinforced plastic (AFRP) can be used.
  • CFRP carbon fiber reinforced plastic
  • GFRP glass fiber reinforced plastic
  • AFRP aramid fiber reinforced plastic
  • the fiber material 322 which is a low thermal expansion component is oriented only in one direction. Specifically, as illustrated in FIG. 4A, the fiber material 322 included in the base material 321 is oriented along the x direction. Alternatively, the fiber material 322 included in the base material 321 is oriented along the y direction.
  • a UD UniDirection
  • the back surface protective layer 32 has a thermal expansion coefficient in one direction smaller than that of the surface protective substrate 20. That is, when the fiber material 322 is oriented along the x direction, the back surface protective layer 32 has a thermal expansion coefficient in the x direction smaller than that of the surface protective substrate 20. Similarly, when the fiber material 322 is oriented along the y direction, the back surface protective layer 32 has a thermal expansion coefficient in the y direction smaller than that of the surface protective substrate 20.
  • the thermal expansion coefficient in one direction and the thermal expansion coefficient in the other direction perpendicular to the one direction are different from each other. That is, in the back surface protective layer 32, when the fiber material 322 is oriented along the x direction, the thermal expansion coefficient in the x direction and the thermal expansion coefficient in the y direction perpendicular to the x direction are different from each other. Yes. Similarly, in the back surface protective layer 32, when the fiber material 322 is oriented along the y direction, the thermal expansion coefficient in the y direction and the thermal expansion coefficient in the x direction are different from each other.
  • the resin surface protection substrate 20 contracts along both the x direction and the y direction.
  • the back surface protective layer 32 has a thermal expansion coefficient in one direction (x direction or y direction) smaller than that of the surface protective substrate 20, the back surface protective layer 32 is in the one direction. Then, it does not shrink more than the surface protection substrate 20. Further, the back surface protective layer 32 is unlikely to contract in the one direction, but easily contracts in the other direction perpendicular to the one direction.
  • the front surface protection substrate 20 contracts along both the x direction and the y direction, but the back surface protection layer 32 hardly contracts along the x direction or the y direction. Deformation into a concave shape can be suppressed.
  • the solar cell module 100 of the first embodiment may have a curved surface shape in which the light receiving surface side is convex in a room temperature state. And even when such a convex solar cell module 100 is cooled, the front surface protection substrate 20 shrinks along both the x direction and the y direction, but the back surface protection layer 32 extends along the x direction or the y direction. It is hard to shrink. As a result, the convex solar cell module 100 can be maintained in a convex shape without being deformed into a concave shape.
  • the solar cell module 100 when the cross member in which the fiber material 322 is alternately oriented vertically and horizontally is used as the back surface protective layer, the solar cell module 100 is deformed into a concave shape.
  • the cloth material has a small coefficient of thermal expansion in both the x direction and the y direction. Therefore, when the solar cell module using the cloth material as the back surface protection layer is cooled, the surface protection substrate 20 contracts along both the x direction and the y direction, but the back surface protection layer 32 is both in the x direction and the y direction. It is difficult to shrink. As a result, the solar cell module 100a is deformed into a concave shape as shown in FIG.
  • the solar cell module 100 includes, in order from the light receiving surface side, the resin surface protection substrate 20, the gel polymer layer 22, the first sealing material layer 26, the photoelectric conversion unit, and the second sealing. It has the stop material layer 28 and the back surface protective layer 32 provided with the low thermal expansion component orientated in one direction.
  • the tensile elastic modulus of the gel polymer layer 22 is smaller than any tensile elastic modulus of the surface protective substrate 20, the first sealing material layer 26, and the second sealing material layer 28.
  • the back surface protective layer 32 has a thermal expansion coefficient in one direction smaller than that of the surface protective substrate 20. In the back surface protective layer 32, the thermal expansion coefficient in one direction and the thermal expansion coefficient in the other direction perpendicular to the one direction are different from each other.
  • the front surface protective substrate 20 contracts along both the x direction and the y direction, but the back surface protective layer 32 hardly contracts along the x direction or the y direction. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the solar cell module 100 from being deformed into a concave shape.
  • the low thermal expansion component does not need to extend along the x direction which is the short direction or the y direction which is the long direction.
  • the low thermal expansion component may be stretched at a predetermined angle from the x direction or the y direction.
  • the back surface protective layer 32 may improve the reflectance by adding titanium oxide or the like to the base material 321 in order to increase the power generation efficiency on the back surface of the photoelectric conversion unit. Further, the surface of the back surface protective layer 32 may be plated.
  • the difference between the thermal expansion coefficient of the surface protective substrate 20 and the thermal expansion coefficient in the other direction perpendicular to the one direction in the back surface protective layer 32 is preferably as small as possible.
  • the shrinkage rate in the x direction and the y direction of the front surface protection substrate 20 approximates the shrinkage rate in the other direction of the back surface protection layer 32.
  • a shrinkage rate is small.
  • the difference between the thermal expansion coefficient of the surface protective substrate and the thermal expansion coefficient in the other direction in the back surface protective layer is preferably 30 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 K ⁇ 1 or less, and is preferably 20 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 K ⁇ 1 or less. More preferably, it is 10 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 K ⁇ 1 or less.
  • the back surface protection layer 32 includes a base material 321 and a fiber material 322 that is a low thermal expansion component, and the thermal expansion coefficient of the fiber material 322 is smaller than the thermal expansion coefficient of the base material 321.
  • the thermal expansion coefficient of the fiber material 322 is smaller than the thermal expansion coefficient of the base material 321, the thermal expansion coefficient in one direction and the thermal expansion coefficient in the other direction perpendicular to the one direction may be different from each other. it can. As a result, when the solar cell module 100 is cooled, it is suppressed from being deformed into a concave shape.
  • the thickness of the back surface protective layer 32 is not particularly limited, it is preferably 10% or less of the thickness of the surface protective substrate 20, more preferably 5% or less, and further preferably 3% or less.
  • the lower limit of the thickness of the back surface protective layer 32 is preferably 0.8% of the thickness of the surface protective substrate 20.
  • the thickness of the back surface protective layer 32 is 0.5 mm or less.
  • a barrier layer on at least one of the front surface and the back surface of the back surface protective layer 32. That is, in the solar cell module 100 shown in FIG. 2, it is preferable to provide a barrier layer between the second sealing material layer 28 and the back surface protective layer 32. In the solar cell module 100 shown in FIG. 3, it is preferable to provide a barrier layer between the intermediate layer 30 and the back surface protective layer 32. Moreover, it is also preferable to provide a barrier layer on the main surface (back surface) on the negative direction side of the z-axis in the back surface protective layer 32 shown in FIGS.
  • the barrier layer is preferably a layer that suppresses permeation of at least one of oxygen and water vapor.
  • the barrier layer may be a film having a predetermined thickness or a thin film coating.
  • the barrier layer can be made of the same material as the coating provided on the intermediate layers 24 and 30.
  • the UD material When fiber reinforced plastic of UD material is used for the back surface protection layer 32 and the thickness of the back surface protection layer 32 is reduced, the UD material is partially overlapped as necessary to reinforce a desired location. In the layer 32, it is possible to add strength to the characteristics. In addition, when overlapping UD materials, it is necessary to overlap the fibers of the UD materials in the same direction.
  • the back surface protective layer 32 when the thickness of the back surface protective layer 32 is reduced, the back surface protective layer 32 can be bonded while following the shape of the second seal material layer 28, and between the second seal material layer 28 and the back surface protective layer 32. It is possible to make it difficult for air bubbles to be mixed in. For example, even if the surface protection substrate 20 has a curved shape, the back surface protection layer 32 can be bonded to the shape of the surface protection substrate 20 via the second sealing material layer 28. Therefore, the solar cell module 100 having a curved surface shape can be easily manufactured while suppressing the mixing of bubbles. At this time, if the film module is manufactured with the back surface protective layer 32, the second sealing material layer 28, and the intermediate layer 30 bonded together, the film module itself has flexibility. Bonding to 20 can be facilitated. In addition, since the back surface protective layer 32 has high followability, when a curved solar cell module 100 is manufactured by stacking the layers, for example, a local load is not easily applied to the solar cells 10. Damage to the cell 10 can be suppressed.
  • the second sealing material layer 28 can be quickly heated and crosslinked, so that not only the manufacturing time of the solar cell module 100 is shortened, but also the surface protective substrate 20 Thermal deformation can be suppressed.
  • the photoelectric conversion unit has one or more solar cells 10 connected by the tab wiring 12, and the fiber material 322 is oriented in the extending direction of the tab wiring 12 in the back surface protection layer 32.
  • the fiber material 322 is preferably arranged along the y direction that is the extending direction of the tab wiring 12. In this case, since the back surface protection layer 32 is difficult to expand and contract along the y direction, the displacement of the tab wiring 12 is suppressed, and disconnection can be prevented.
  • the photoelectric conversion unit includes one or more solar cells 10 connected by the tab wiring 12.
  • the back surface protective layer 32 can be set as the structure which has at least 1 notch formed over a part or whole of the direction orthogonal to the extension direction of the tab wiring 12.
  • FIG. As described above, the back surface protective layer 32 is preferably arranged so that the orientation direction of the fiber material 322 is the extending direction of the tab wiring 12.
  • the solar cell module 100 has a curved shape that bends along the extending direction of the tab wiring 12 in the configuration, warping and internal stress may occur in the orientation direction of the fiber material 322. Therefore, by providing a cut in the back surface protection layer 32 over a part or the whole in the direction orthogonal to the extending direction of the tab wiring 12, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of warping and internal stress.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 show a form in which the back surface protective layer 32 is provided with cuts in the entire direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the tab wiring 12. That is, the back protective layer 32 shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 is divided into four by providing three cuts. Thus, since the back surface protective layer 32 is divided, the bending stress is cut off at the cut portion, so that generation of warpage and internal stress can be suppressed.
  • FIG. 8A is a form in which three cuts are provided from one side to the other side of the back surface protective layer 32, and FIG. 8B shows a cut from one side and a cut from the other side on two opposite sides. And three are alternately provided.
  • the other side has not been cut.
  • a cut is provided in a part of the back surface protective layer 32 in a direction orthogonal to the extending direction of the tab wiring 12. That is, unlike the embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the back surface protective layer 32 is not completely divided but integrated. 8A and 8B, since the stress for bending is cut off at the cut portion, the occurrence of warpage and internal stress can be suppressed.
  • a cut may be provided in a broken line shape.
  • the solar cell module 100 has one or more solar cells 10 whose photoelectric conversion portions are connected by tab wirings 12, and has a curved surface shape in which the light receiving surface side of the surface protection substrate 20 is convex, and the tab wirings 12 are curved surfaces. It can be set as the structure bent along.
  • the back surface protective layer 32 has a thermal expansion coefficient in one direction smaller than that of the surface protective substrate 20, and the back surface protective layer 32 is perpendicular to the one direction thermal expansion coefficient.
  • the thermal expansion coefficients in other directions are different from each other. Therefore, even if it is a case where the light-receiving surface side of the solar cell module 100 becomes convex, it becomes possible to suppress that the solar cell module 100 deform
  • FIG. 9 is a plan view showing a solar cell module 100A according to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 10A is a schematic diagram showing a cross section of the solar cell module taken along line XA-XA in FIG. 9, and
  • FIG. 10B is a diagram of the solar cell module taken along line XB-XB in FIG. It is the schematic which shows a cross section.
  • the tab wiring 12 and the connection wiring 14 are omitted.
  • the solar cell module 100 ⁇ / b> A includes a photovoltaic cell 10, a photoelectric conversion unit having a tab wiring 12 and a connection wiring 14, a surface protection substrate 20, and a first sealing material, as in the first embodiment.
  • the layer 26, the second sealing material layer 28, and the back surface protective layer 32 are provided. Therefore, in the solar cell module 100A, in order from the light receiving surface side, the surface protection substrate 20, the first sealing material layer 26, the photoelectric conversion unit (solar cell 10, tab wiring 12, connection wiring 14), and second The sealing material layer 28 and the back surface protective layer 32 are laminated.
  • the back surface protective layer 32 can use the fiber reinforced plastic which has a base material (matrix resin) and the fiber material which is provided in the inside of a base material and is a low thermal expansion component.
  • a UD (UniDirection) material in which fiber materials are arranged in one direction or a cloth material in which fiber materials are alternately oriented vertically and horizontally can be used.
  • the base material and fiber material which comprise the back surface protective layer 32 can use the same thing as 1st embodiment.
  • the surface protection substrate 20, the first sealing material layer 26, the photoelectric conversion unit, the second sealing material layer 28, and the back surface protection layer 32 are arranged in this order.
  • a laminate is obtained.
  • each layer is bonded by pressurizing the laminate with heating to 100 ° C. or higher using a mold.
  • the sealing material is heated by heat.
  • the resin may melt and leak from between the front surface protection substrate 20 and the back surface protection layer 32.
  • the mold is contaminated, which may reduce productivity.
  • the area of the back surface protection layer 32 is smaller than the area of the surface protection substrate 20, and the area of the first sealing material layer 26 and the second sealing material The area of the layer 28 is preferably larger.
  • the back surface protection layer 32 is directly bonded to the surface protection substrate 20 so as to cover the end portion 26 a of the first sealing material layer 26 and the end portion 28 a of the second sealing material layer 28 at the periphery of the surface protection substrate 20. It is preferable. That is, as shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B, both the end portion 26 a of the first sealing material layer 26 and the end portion 28 a of the second sealing material layer 28 are covered with the back surface protective layer 32.
  • the back surface protection layer 32 covers the end portion 26a of the first sealing material layer 26 and the end portion 28a of the second sealing material layer 28 over the entire circumference of the solar cell module 100A, and the back surface of the front surface protection substrate 20 with respect to the back surface. It is preferable that the joint portion of the protective layer 32 is formed in an annular shape. In this case, the first sealing material layer 26 and the second sealing material layer 28 are entirely wrapped by the front surface protection substrate 20 and the back surface protection layer 32.
  • substrate 20 and the back surface protection layer 32 may be formed using an adhesive agent, and may be formed by welding of the back surface protection layer 32.
  • the first sealing material layer 26 and the second sealing material layer 28 are heated.
  • the sealing material constituting the first sealing material layer 26 and the second sealing material layer 28 is sealed to protrude outward from between the front surface protection substrate 20 and the rear surface protection layer 32 so as not to interfere with the mold or the like. It is difficult to control the amount of the stop material. For this reason, the protruding shape of the sealing material is not stable, and the appearance of the solar cell module may be deteriorated.
  • the back surface protection layer 32 covers the end portion 26a of the first sealing material layer 26 and the end portion 28a of the second sealing material layer 28 as in this embodiment, such a problem is caused. Occurrence can be prevented. Furthermore, since air and moisture hardly act on the first sealing material layer 26 and the second sealing material layer 28, it is possible to suppress deterioration of the first sealing material layer 26 and the second sealing material layer 28. it can.
  • the area of the back surface protection layer 32 is smaller than the area of the surface protection substrate 20, and the area of the first sealing material layer 26 and the second sealing layer It is larger than the area of the stopping material layer 28.
  • the back surface protection layer 32 is directly bonded to the surface protection substrate 20 so as to cover the end portion 26 a of the first sealing material layer 26 and the end portion 28 a of the second sealing material layer 28 at the periphery of the surface protection substrate 20. ing.
  • the solar cell module 100A includes the surface protection substrate 20, the first sealing material layer 26, the photoelectric conversion unit, the second sealing material layer 28, and the back surface protection layer 32. Yes.
  • the gel-like polymer layer 22 may be interposed between the surface protective substrate 20 and the first sealing material layer 26 as in the first embodiment.
  • the solar cell module 100A includes an intermediate layer 24 between at least one of the gel-like polymer layer 22 and the first sealing material layer 26 and between the second sealing material layer 28 and the back surface protective layer 32. , 30 may be further included.
  • the solar cell module 100A is formed by laminating the surface protective substrate 20, the first sealing material layer 26, the photoelectric conversion unit, the second sealing material layer 28, and the back surface protective layer 32. It can be obtained by applying pressure while heating. In addition, when an excess part exists in the back surface protective layer 32, after manufacturing the solar cell module 100A, the part may be cut and removed.
  • FIG. 11 is a plan view showing a solar cell module 100B according to the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing a part of the solar cell module 100B along the line XII-XII in FIG.
  • the solar cell module 100 ⁇ / b> B includes a photoelectric conversion unit having a plurality of solar cells 10, a plurality of tab wires 12, and a plurality of connection wires 14.
  • the solar cell module 100 ⁇ / b> B includes a surface protection substrate 20, a first sealing material layer 26, a second sealing material layer 28, and a back surface protection layer 32 in addition to the photoelectric conversion unit.
  • the surface protection substrate 20 corresponds to the light receiving surface (front surface) side, and the lower side corresponds to the back surface side. Therefore, in the solar cell module 100B, the surface protection substrate 20, the first sealing material layer 26, the photoelectric conversion unit, the second sealing material layer 28, and the back surface protection layer 32 are stacked in order from the light receiving surface side. Has been.
  • the surface protection substrate 20 is a substrate that is located on the sunlight receiving side of the solar cell module 100B and is made of a resin material having translucency. As a resin material which comprises the surface protection board
  • the thickness of the surface protection substrate 20 is preferably 2 mm to 6 mm, and more preferably 3 mm to 5 mm.
  • the tensile elastic modulus of the surface protective substrate 20 is preferably 1.0 GPa to 10.0 GPa, and more preferably 2.3 GPa to 2.5 GPa.
  • the total light transmittance of the surface protective substrate 20 is preferably 80% or more, and more preferably 90 to 100%.
  • the thermal expansion coefficient (linear expansion coefficient) of the surface protective substrate 20 is preferably 40 to 110 ( ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 K ⁇ 1 ).
  • the surface protection substrate 20 is preferably convex toward the light receiving side.
  • FIG. 13A is a schematic diagram showing a cross section of the solar cell module taken along line XIIIA-XIIIA in FIG. 11, and FIG. 13B is a diagram of the solar cell module taken along line XIIIB-XIIIB in FIG. It is the schematic which shows a cross section.
  • the tab wiring 12 and the connection wiring 14 are omitted.
  • the surface protection substrate 20 is curved so as to be generally convex toward the light receiving side (the positive direction side of the z-axis). preferable.
  • the surface protection substrate 20 is curved so as to be convex toward the light receiving side along the direction of the tab wiring 12 (y direction). Further, the surface protection substrate 20 is preferably curved so as to be convex toward the light receiving side along a direction (x direction) perpendicular to the direction of the tab wiring 12.
  • the first sealing material layer 26 and the second sealing material layer 28 seal the solar battery cell 10.
  • the first sealing material layer 26 is disposed on the negative direction side (lower side) of the z-axis of the surface protection substrate 20, and the second sealing material layer 28 is the positive direction side of the back surface protection layer 32 on the z-axis. (Upper side).
  • first sealing material layer 26 as in the first embodiment, for example, a gel having a tensile modulus of 0.001 MPa to 1 MPa and a loss coefficient of 0.1 to 0.52 can be used.
  • second sealing material layer 28 for example, a thermoplastic resin such as EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer), PVB (polyvinyl butyral), polyimide, or the like can be used as in the first embodiment. .
  • a thermosetting resin may be used as the second sealing material layer 28 a thermosetting resin.
  • the first sealing material layer 26 and the second sealing material layer 28 may be formed of the same material.
  • the first sealing material layer 26 and the second sealing material layer 28 are made of gel having a tensile modulus of 0.001 MPa to 1 MPa and a loss coefficient of 0.1 to 0.52. Also good.
  • the first sealing material layer 26 and the second sealing material layer 28 may use thermoplastic resins such as EVA, PVB, and polyimide.
  • the tensile elastic modulus of the second sealing material layer 28 is preferably larger than the tensile elastic modulus of the first sealing material layer 26.
  • the first sealing material layer 26 has a light transmitting property and is formed of a rectangular sheet material having a size smaller than that of the surface protection substrate 20 in the xy plane.
  • the second sealing material layer 28 also has translucency, and is formed of a rectangular sheet material having a size smaller than that of the surface protection substrate 20 in the xy plane.
  • the back surface protective layer 32 is preferably made of a fiber reinforced plastic having a base material (matrix resin) and a fiber material that is provided inside the base material and is a low thermal expansion component.
  • a fiber reinforced plastic As the fiber reinforced plastic, a UD (UniDirection) material in which fiber materials are arranged in one direction or a cloth material in which fiber materials are alternately oriented vertically and horizontally can be used.
  • UD material when using UD material as the back surface protective layer 32, since the UD material is difficult to expand and contract in the fiber direction, the solar cell 10 is damaged or the tab wiring 12 is cut by adjusting the direction in which the UD material is arranged. Can be suppressed.
  • the base material and fiber material which comprise the back surface protective layer 32 can use the same thing as 1st embodiment.
  • the back surface protective layer 32 is preferably convex toward the light receiving side, like the surface protective substrate 20. As shown in FIGS. 13A and 13B, the back surface protective layer 32 is curved so as to be generally convex toward the light receiving side (the positive direction side of the z-axis). preferable. That is, the back surface protection layer 32 is preferably curved so as to be convex toward the light receiving side along the direction of the tab wiring 12 (y direction). The back surface protective layer 32 is preferably curved so as to be convex toward the light receiving side along a direction (x direction) perpendicular to the direction of the tab wiring 12.
  • the thickness of the back surface protective layer 32 is not particularly limited, it is preferably 10% or less, more preferably 5% or less, and more preferably 3% or less of the thickness of the surface protection substrate 20 as in the first embodiment. More preferably it is.
  • the lower limit of the thickness of the back surface protective layer 32 is preferably 0.8% of the thickness of the surface protective substrate 20.
  • the thickness of the back surface protective layer 32 is 0.5 mm or less.
  • the end portion 26 a of the first sealing material layer 26 and the second sealing material layer 28 are located inside the end portion 20 a of the surface protection substrate 20.
  • the end portion 28a and the end portion 32a of the back surface protective layer 32 are located.
  • the end portion 26 a of the first sealing material layer 26, the end portion 28 a of the second sealing material layer 28, and the back surface protective layer 32 are formed.
  • the end portion 32a is located on the inner side than the end portion 20a of the surface protection substrate 20, that is, on the solar cell 10 side. Thereby, an extending portion 20 b is formed on the outer edge of the surface protection substrate 20.
  • the extending portion 20b formed on the surface protection substrate 20 is formed by extending outward from a joint portion (an end portion 32a of the back surface protection layer 32) with the back surface protection layer 32 in the convex surface protection substrate 20. Has been. And the extension part 20b inclines toward the downward direction (the negative direction side of az axis) from the back surface protective layer 32 in the thickness direction (z direction) of the solar cell module 100B. Further, in the solar cell module 100 ⁇ / b> B, the extending portion 20 b is formed over the entire outer edge of the surface protection substrate 20.
  • the surface protection substrate 20 when manufacturing the solar cell module 100B, first, the surface protection substrate 20, the first sealing material layer 26, the solar cell 10 that is the photoelectric conversion unit, the tab wiring and the connection wiring, and the second A laminated body is obtained by laminating the sealing material layer 28 and the back surface protective layer 32 in this order. Subsequently, each layer is adhere
  • the surface protective substrate 20 is made of a transparent resin, the surface protective substrate 20 contracts greatly when cooled to room temperature after heating. At this time, since the surface protection substrate 20 and the back surface protection layer 32 are different in material and / or thickness, the surface protection substrate 20 and the back surface protection layer 32 have a difference in shrinkage.
  • the front surface protection substrate 20 since the front surface protection substrate 20 is thicker than the back surface protection layer 32, the front surface protection substrate 20 contracts more than the back surface protection layer 32. At this time, the surface protection substrate 20 contracts toward the apex direction of the convex surface protection substrate 20 as indicated by an arrow A in FIG.
  • the extending portion 20 b is provided on the outer edge of the surface protection substrate 20. Since the extending portion 20b serves as a frame for holding the outer edge of the surface protective substrate 20, even if the surface protective substrate 20 contracts toward the apex direction, the surface protective substrate 20 warps in a concave shape. Can be suppressed. Further, as shown in FIGS. 13A and 13B, when the extending portion 20b is inclined downward (in the negative z-axis direction) from the back surface protective layer 32 in the thickness direction. The shrinkage force vector tends to be inclined toward the back surface protective layer 32 side. As a result, the entire solar cell module 100B can be maintained in a convex shape without being deformed into a concave shape.
  • the extending portion 20b is provided on the outer edge of the surface protection substrate 20. Therefore, even if the surface protection substrate 20 is greatly contracted in the cooling process at the time of manufacture, the extended portion 20b serves as a frame for holding the outer edge of the surface protection substrate 20, so that the entire solar cell module 100B is deformed into a concave shape. Can be suppressed. Further, even when the solar cell module 100B is used in an environment where the high temperature state and the low temperature state are repeated, the solar cell module 100B is deformed into a concave shape at the time of use by providing the extending portion 20b on the outer edge of the surface protection substrate 20. Can be prevented.
  • the length L of the extending portion 20b provided on the outer edge of the surface protective substrate 20 is not particularly limited as long as the entire solar cell module 100B can be prevented from being deformed into a concave shape.
  • the length L between the end portion 20a of the surface protective substrate 20 and the end portion 32a of the back surface protective layer 32 is 1 cm. It is preferably ⁇ 10 cm, more preferably 3 cm to 5 cm.
  • the extended portion 20b of the surface protection substrate 20 may be provided with a convex rib 20c as shown in FIG.
  • the rib 20c is formed so as to protrude downward (on the negative side of the z axis) from the end 20a of the surface protection substrate 20 in the thickness direction (z direction) of the solar cell module 100B.
  • the rib 20c is preferably formed on at least a part of the outer edge of the surface protective substrate 20, and more preferably formed over the entire outer edge of the surface protective substrate 20.
  • the thickness of the rib 20c is preferably equal to the thickness of the surface protection substrate 20 from the viewpoint of productivity. Specifically, the thickness of the rib 20c is preferably 2 mm to 6 mm, and more preferably 3 mm to 5 mm. Further, the height H of the rib 20c is preferably 2 mm to 50 mm, and more preferably 5 mm to 10 mm, from the viewpoint of improving the attachment to a frame member described later.
  • each end of the first sealing material layer 26, the second sealing material layer 28, and the back surface protection layer 32 is positioned inside the end portion 20 a of the surface protection substrate 20. It is preferable that the extending portion 20b formed in the above is formed over the entire outer edge of the surface protection substrate. Thereby, since the extension part 20b provided in the whole outer edge of the surface protection board
  • the shape of the surface protection substrate 20 is preferably a substantially rectangular shape having a long side and a short side shorter than the long side. And it forms in the surface protection board
  • the extended portion 20b is preferably formed on the entire long side. That is, when the solar cell module 100B is viewed in a plan view, the extension portion 20b may be formed only on the entire long side or only on the entire short side when it is substantially square. However, it is preferable that the extending portion 20 b is formed on the entire long side of the surface protective substrate 20. Even in this case, since the extending portion 20b plays a role of a frame that holds the outer edge of the surface protection substrate 20, it is possible to suppress the entire solar cell module 100B from being deformed into a concave shape.
  • the outer shape of the solar cell module 100B is preferably substantially rectangular when viewed from above, and can be, for example, rectangular, square, or trapezoidal. Moreover, the solar cell module 100B may be provided with roundness at the corners. Therefore, the shape of the solar cell module 100B does not need to be an accurate quadrangle when viewed in plan.
  • the linear expansion coefficient of the back surface protection layer 32 is preferably smaller than the linear expansion coefficient of the surface protection substrate 20.
  • the back surface protective layer 32 has a smaller thermal expansion than the front surface protective substrate 20. Therefore, even when the back surface protective layer 32 is heated at the time of manufacture, the thermal expansion of the back surface protective layer 32 is suppressed, so that the shape of the back surface protective layer 32 is stabilized, and the solar cell 10, the tab wiring 12, and the connection wiring 14. Breakage can be suppressed.
  • the thermal expansion of the back surface protective layer 32 is suppressed, it is possible to suppress disconnection of the tab wiring 12 and the connection wiring 14 due to thermal shock.
  • the linear expansion coefficient of the back surface protective layer 32 can be adjusted with the addition amount and orientation of the fiber material which is a low thermal expansion component.
  • the solar cell module 100B includes the surface protective substrate 20, the first sealing material layer 26, the solar battery cell 10, the second sealing material layer 28, and the back surface protective layer 32.
  • the gel polymer layer 22 may be interposed between the surface protective substrate 20 and the first sealing material layer 26 as in the first embodiment. Good.
  • the gel polymer layer 22 has flexibility, and follows the expansion and contraction when the surface protection substrate 20 expands and contracts. Therefore, the stress due to the expansion and contraction of the surface protection substrate 20 can be prevented from being transmitted to the solar battery cell 10.
  • the solar cell module 100B includes intermediate layers 24, 30 between at least one of the gel-like polymer layer 22 and the first sealing material layer 26 and between the second sealing material layer 28 and the back surface protective layer 32. It is preferable to further have. Moreover, it is preferable that the intermediate layers 24 and 30 are layers whose tensile elastic modulus is larger than any of the first sealing material layer 26 and the second sealing material layer 28. An intermediate layer having a relatively large tensile elastic modulus is provided between at least one of the gel-like polymer layer 22 and the first sealing material layer 26 and between the second sealing material layer 28 and the back surface protective layer 32. By providing, impact resistance can be improved.
  • the intermediate layers 24 and 30 are provided both between the gel polymer layer 22 and the first sealing material layer 26 and between the second sealing material layer 28 and the back surface protective layer 32. Is shown. From the viewpoint of improving the strength, it is preferable to provide two intermediate layers 24 and 30 as shown in FIG. The intermediate layers 24 and 30 can be the same as those described in the first embodiment.
  • the solar cell module 100B is provided on the photoelectric conversion unit including the plurality of solar cells 10 and the light receiving side where light enters the solar cells 10, and has a light-transmitting first sealing material.
  • Layer 26 The solar cell module is further provided on the light receiving side with respect to the first sealing material layer 26, is made of a translucent resin material, and is further convex toward the light receiving side, A second sealing material layer provided on the side opposite to the light receiving side of the battery cell.
  • the solar cell module 100B further includes a back surface protective layer 32 provided on the second sealing material layer 28 on the side opposite to the solar cells 10.
  • the extended portion 20b serves as a frame for holding the outer edge of the surface protection substrate 20, and the entire solar cell module 100B is deformed into a concave shape. This can be suppressed. Moreover, even if the solar cell module 100B is used in an environment in which a high temperature state and a low temperature state are repeated, the extended portion 20b prevents the solar cell module 100B from being deformed into a concave shape during use. Is possible.
  • a frame member (not shown) may be attached to the outer edge of the solar cell module 100B.
  • the frame member protects the end 20a of the surface protection substrate 20 in the solar cell module 100B and is used when the solar cell module 100B is installed on a roof or the like.
  • the extension part 20b provided in the surface protection substrate 20 can function as a connection part with another member.
  • FIG. 17 is a plan view showing a solar cell module 100C according to the fourth embodiment.
  • the solar cell module 100C includes the photovoltaic cell 10, the photoelectric conversion part having the tab wiring 12 and the connection wiring 14, the surface protection substrate 20, the first sealing material layer 26, and the second sealing.
  • a material layer 28 and a back surface protective layer 32 are provided. Therefore, in the solar cell module 100C, in order from the light receiving surface side, the surface protection substrate 20, the first sealing material layer 26, the photoelectric conversion unit (solar cell 10, tab wiring 12, connection wiring 14), and second The sealing material layer 28 and the back surface protective layer 32 are laminated.
  • the surface protective substrate 20 is a substrate that is located on the sunlight receiving side of the solar cell module 100C and is made of a resin material having translucency. And like 3rd embodiment, it is preferable that the surface protection board
  • FIGS. 18A and 18B are schematic views showing a cross section of the solar cell module taken along line XVIIIA-XVIIIA in FIG. 17, and FIG. 18B is a diagram of the solar cell module taken along line XVIIIB-XVIIIB in FIG. It is the schematic which shows a cross section.
  • the tab wiring 12 and the connection wiring 14 are omitted.
  • the surface protection substrate 20 is curved so as to be generally convex toward the light receiving side (the positive direction side of the z-axis). preferable. That is, the surface protection substrate 20 is preferably curved so as to be convex toward the light receiving side along the extending direction (y direction) of the tab wiring 12.
  • the surface protection substrate 20 is preferably curved so as to be convex toward the light receiving side along the direction (x direction) perpendicular to the extending direction of the tab wiring 12. Thereby, even when the solar cell module 100C is cooled and the surface protection substrate 20 contracts along both the x direction and the y direction, the acting force that the surface protection substrate 20 deforms is dispersed, and the solar cell module 100C has a concave shape. Can be prevented from being deformed.
  • the 1st sealing material layer 26 and the 2nd sealing material layer 28 seal the photovoltaic cell 10 similarly to 3rd embodiment.
  • the first sealing material layer 26 is disposed on the negative direction side (lower side) of the z-axis of the surface protection substrate 20, and the second sealing material layer 28 is the positive direction side of the back surface protection layer 32 on the z-axis. (Upper side).
  • a back surface protective layer 32 as a back sheet is provided to protect the back surface side of the solar cell module 100C.
  • the back surface protection layer 32 is preferably convex toward the light receiving side.
  • the back surface protection layer 32 is curved so as to be generally convex toward the light receiving side (the positive direction side of the z-axis). preferable. That is, the back surface protective layer 32 is preferably curved so as to be convex toward the light receiving side along the extending direction (y direction) of the tab wiring 12.
  • the back surface protective layer 32 is preferably curved so as to be convex toward the light receiving side along a direction (x direction) perpendicular to the extending direction of the tab wiring 12.
  • the back surface protective layer 32 can use the same thing as 3rd embodiment.
  • the end portion 26a of the first sealing material layer 26 and the end portions of the second sealing material layer 28 are located inside the end portion 20a of the surface protection substrate 20.
  • 28a and the end portion 32a of the back surface protective layer 32 are located.
  • the end portion 26 a of the first sealing material layer 26, the end portion 28 a of the second sealing material layer 28, and the back surface protective layer 32 are formed.
  • the end portion 32a is located inside the end portion 20a of the surface protection substrate 20, that is, on the solar cell 10 side.
  • an extending portion 20 b is formed on the outer edge of the surface protection substrate 20.
  • the extending portion 20b formed on the surface protection substrate 20 is formed by extending outward from a joint portion (an end portion 32a of the back surface protection layer 32) with the back surface protection layer 32 in the surface protection substrate 20. . And the extension part 20b inclines toward the downward direction (negative direction side of az axis) from the back surface protective layer 32 in the thickness direction (z direction) of the solar cell module 100C. In the solar cell module 100 ⁇ / b> C, the extending portion 20 b is formed over the entire outer edge of the surface protection substrate 20.
  • the extension formed on the surface protection substrate by the end portions of the first sealing material layer, the second sealing material layer, and the back surface protection layer being located inside the end portion 20a of the surface protection substrate 20.
  • a reinforcing member 21 having a bending strength greater than that of the surface protection substrate is disposed in the existing portion 20b.
  • the reinforcing member 21 is disposed over the entire extending portion 20 b of the surface protection substrate 20, and has a substantially rectangular frame when viewed in plan.
  • a protruding portion 20 d that protrudes downward from the back surface protective layer 32 is formed on the extending portion 20 b of the surface protective substrate 20.
  • the protrusion 20d forms an end 20a and an inner surface 20e parallel to the z-axis, and a flat surface 20f parallel to the xy plane.
  • the reinforcement member 21 is embed
  • the reinforcing member 21 is disposed outside the solar battery cell 10, that is, on the end 20 a side of the surface protection substrate 20 in a plan view. Further, when viewed in plan, the reinforcing member 21 is located on the outer side of the bonding portion (the end portion 32a of the back surface protective layer 32) with the back surface protective layer 32 in the front surface protective substrate 20, that is, on the end portion 20a side of the front surface protective substrate 20. It is preferable that they are arranged.
  • the reinforcing member 21 preferably has a higher bending strength than the surface protection substrate 20. That is, the material constituting the reinforcing member 21 preferably has a higher bending strength than the material constituting the surface protection substrate 20.
  • the bending strength of the surface protective substrate 20 and the reinforcing member 21 can be determined according to JIS K7171: 2016 (Plastics—How to determine bending characteristics).
  • the material constituting the reinforcing member 21 it is preferable to use a material capable of increasing the bending strength as compared with the surface protection substrate 20.
  • a material capable of increasing the bending strength as compared with the surface protection substrate 20.
  • resin and metal can be used as the material constituting the reinforcing member 21.
  • resin which comprises the reinforcement member 21 is not specifically limited, For example, the same resin as the resin which comprises the above-mentioned back surface protective layer 32 can be used.
  • the metal which comprises the reinforcement member 21 is not specifically limited, For example, aluminum or aluminum alloy can be used.
  • fiber reinforced plastic As a material constituting the reinforcing member 21, it is also preferable to use fiber reinforced plastic.
  • the fiber reinforced plastic constituting the reinforcing member 21 the same fiber reinforced plastic as that constituting the back surface protective layer 32 described above can be used.
  • the surface protection substrate 20 when manufacturing the solar cell module 100C, first, the surface protection substrate 20, the first sealing material layer 26, the solar cell 10 as the photoelectric conversion unit, the tab wiring and the connection wiring, and the second A laminated body is obtained by laminating the sealing material layer 28 and the back surface protective layer 32 in this order. Subsequently, each layer is adhere
  • the surface protective substrate 20 since the surface protective substrate 20 is made of a transparent resin, the surface protective substrate 20 contracts greatly when cooled to room temperature after heating. At this time, since the surface protection substrate 20 and the back surface protection layer 32 are different in material and / or thickness, the surface protection substrate 20 and the back surface protection layer 32 have a difference in shrinkage.
  • the front surface protection substrate 20 since the front surface protection substrate 20 is thicker than the back surface protection layer 32, the front surface protection substrate 20 contracts more than the back surface protection layer 32. At this time, the surface protective substrate 20 contracts toward the apex direction of the convex surface protective substrate 20 as indicated by an arrow A in FIG.
  • the extending portion 20b is provided on the outer edge of the surface protection substrate 20, and the reinforcing member 21 having a high bending strength is disposed on the extending portion 20b. Therefore, since the reinforcing member 21 serves as a frame for holding the outer edge of the surface protection substrate 20, even if the surface protection substrate 20 contracts toward the apex direction, the surface protection substrate 20 warps in a concave shape. Can be suppressed. Furthermore, as shown in FIGS. 18A and 18B, when the reinforcing member 21 protrudes downward (in the negative direction of the z axis) from the back surface protective layer 32 in the thickness direction, The shrinkage force vector tends to tilt toward the back surface protective layer 32 side. As a result, the entire solar cell module 100C can be maintained in a convex shape without being deformed into a concave shape.
  • the reinforcing member 21 is provided on the outer edge of the surface protection substrate 20. Therefore, even if the surface protection substrate 20 is greatly contracted in the cooling process at the time of manufacture, since the reinforcing member 21 serves as a frame for holding the outer edge of the surface protection substrate 20, the entire solar cell module 100C is deformed into a concave shape. This can be suppressed. Further, even when the solar cell module 100C is used in an environment where the high temperature state and the low temperature state are repeated, by providing the reinforcing member 21 on the outer edge of the surface protection substrate 20, the solar cell module 100C is deformed into a concave shape at the time of use. Can be prevented.
  • the thickness of the extended portion 20 b in the state where the reinforcing member 21 is embedded may be larger than the thickness of the portion other than the extended portion 20 b in the surface protective substrate 20.
  • the extended portion 20b serves as a frame for holding the outer edge of the surface protection substrate 20, even if the surface protection substrate 20 contracts toward the apex direction, the surface protection substrate 20 warps in a concave shape. Can be suppressed.
  • the reinforcing member 21 is disposed on the extending portion 20b of the surface protection substrate 20. And as shown in FIG. 18, it is preferable that the reinforcement member 21 is embed
  • the reinforcing member 21 is embedded in the extending portion 20b, it is possible to suppress the reinforcing member 21 from dropping from the surface protection substrate 20 due to poor adhesion. Furthermore, since the reinforcing member 21 is embedded, the number of parts to be assembled at the time of manufacturing the solar cell module 100C is reduced, and thus the manufacturing cost can be suppressed.
  • the reinforcing member 21 is disposed on at least a part of the extending portion 20b of the surface protection substrate 20. However, it is preferable that the reinforcing member 21 is disposed over the entire extending portion 20 b of the surface protection substrate 20. Thereby, since the reinforcement member 21 provided in the whole extension part 20b hold
  • the shape of the surface protection substrate 20 is preferably a substantially rectangular shape having a long side and a short side shorter than the long side. And it is preferable that the reinforcement member 21 is arrange
  • the reinforcing member 21 serves as a frame for holding the outer edge of the surface protection substrate 20, it is possible to suppress the entire solar cell module 100C from being deformed into a concave shape. Further, by disposing the reinforcing member 21 only on the long side of the surface protection substrate 20, it is possible to suppress the deformation to the concave shape with the minimum amount of the reinforcing member 21, and to further reduce the weight and cost. .
  • the outer shape of the solar cell module 100C is preferably substantially rectangular when viewed from above, and can be, for example, rectangular, square, or trapezoidal. Further, the solar cell module 100C may be provided with rounded corners. Therefore, the shape of the solar cell module 100C does not need to be an accurate quadrangle when viewed in plan.
  • a frame member may be attached to the outer edge of the surface protection substrate 20 in the solar cell module 100C.
  • the frame member protects the outer edge of the surface protection substrate 20 in the solar cell module, and is used when the solar cell module is installed on a roof or the like.
  • the surface protective substrate 20 and a frame member such as a moving body to be described later can be joined via the extended portion 20b. . Therefore, the extension part 20b provided in the surface protection substrate 20 can function as a connection part with another member.
  • the solar cell module 100D includes a frame member 40 having a substantially rectangular shape when viewed from above.
  • the frame member 40 is attached to the extending portion 20b of the surface protection substrate 20, and surrounds the end 20a and the flat surface 20f of the surface protection substrate 20.
  • the frame member 40 is attached to the extending portion 20b using attachment means such as an adhesive.
  • the frame member 40 has an L-shaped cross section. That is, the frame member 40 includes a side covering portion 40a that extends in the z direction and covers the end portion 20a of the extending portion 20b, and a positioning portion 40b that protrudes in the x direction or the y direction.
  • a thermoplastic resin such as polycarbonate, vinyl chloride resin, polyester, or ABS resin
  • a thermosetting resin such as phenol resin or polyurethane
  • a rubber material such as nitrile rubber
  • metal materials such as aluminum and steel materials, can also be used.
  • the adhesive layer 41 as an attachment means is interposed between the end portion 20a of the surface protection substrate 20 and the side cover portion 40a, and between the flat surface 20f of the surface protection substrate 20 and the positioning portion 40b, thereby protecting the surface.
  • the substrate 20 and the frame member 40 are fixed.
  • the adhesive layer 41 can include, for example, at least one selected from the group consisting of an epoxy resin, an acrylic resin, a urethane resin, and a silicone resin.
  • it is preferable that the adhesive layer 41 is comprised with resin made into paste form, for example by mixing a solid component with the epoxy resin which added the hardening
  • any resin material that is disposed between the extending portion 20b of the surface protection substrate 20 and the frame member 40 and can bond the extending portion 20b and the frame member 40 can be used. Anything can be used.
  • the frame member 40 can be installed on the outer periphery of the surface protection substrate 20 by utilizing the extending portion 20b of the surface protection substrate 20. Further, by interposing an attachment means such as an adhesive layer 41 between the extended portion 20b of the surface protection substrate 20 and the frame member 40, the sealing property on the back surface side of the back surface protection layer 32 in the solar cell module is enhanced. , Foreign matter can be prevented from entering the back side.
  • the reinforcing member 21 is disposed in the extending portion 20b of the surface protection substrate 20, and the reinforcing member 21 is embedded in the extending portion 20b.
  • the present embodiment is not limited to such an aspect, and the solar cell module 100C can be prevented from warping in a concave shape by disposing the reinforcing member 21 in the extending portion 20b of the surface protection substrate 20. . Therefore, the reinforcing member 21 may be disposed on the extended portion 20 b of the surface protection substrate 20 in a state exposed to the outside of the surface protection substrate 20.
  • the extending portion 20 b of the surface protection substrate 20 extends outward from a joint portion (an end portion 32 a of the back surface protection layer 32) with the back surface protection layer 32 in the surface protection substrate 20. Is formed.
  • the reinforcement member 21 may be fixed to the back surface on the opposite side to the light-receiving surface (front surface) in the extension part 20b. Further, the reinforcing member 21 may be provided so as to protrude downward (in the negative z-axis direction) from the back surface protective layer 32 in the thickness direction (z direction) of the solar cell module 100C. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 22, the reinforcing member 21 may be fixed to the light receiving surface (surface) in the extending portion 20b. Further, the reinforcing member 21 may be provided so as to protrude toward the upper side of the surface protection substrate 20 (the positive side of the z axis) in the thickness direction (z direction) of the solar cell module 100C.
  • the reinforcing member 21 is disposed on the extending portion 20 b of the surface protection substrate 20, and further on the outer edge side than the joint portion with the back surface protection layer 32 in the surface protection substrate 20. It is preferable that the reinforcing member 21 is in contact.
  • the reinforcing member 21 is firmly held and warped in a concave shape. Can be suppressed.
  • the reinforcing member 21 may be provided on the back surface of the front surface protection substrate 20 so as to straddle the joint portion (the end portion 32a of the back surface protection layer 32) with the back surface protection layer 32 in the front surface protection substrate 20.
  • a part of the reinforcing member 21 is located on the outer edge side of the joint part, and the other part of the reinforcing member 21 is inside the joint part, that is, a solar battery cell. It may be located on the 10 side.
  • the reinforcing member 21 is preferably plate-shaped.
  • the reinforcing member 21 is provided on the back surface of the front surface protection substrate 20 so as to straddle the joint between the front surface protection substrate 20 and the back surface protection layer 32, the extending portion 20 b of the front surface protection substrate 20. It becomes possible to suppress warping in a concave shape.
  • the solar cell module 100 ⁇ / b> C includes the surface protection substrate 20, the first sealing material layer 26, the solar battery cell 10, the second sealing material layer 28, and the back surface protection layer 32.
  • the gel-like polymer layer 22 may be interposed between the surface protective substrate 20 and the first sealing material layer 26 as in the third embodiment.
  • the solar cell module 100C includes the intermediate layer 24 between at least one of the gel-like polymer layer 22 and the first sealing material layer 26 and between the second sealing material layer 28 and the back surface protective layer 32. , 30 may be further included.
  • the solar cell modules 100C and 100D are provided on the light receiving side on which light is incident on the solar cells 10 and the first sealing material layer 26 having translucency. Is provided.
  • the solar cell modules 100 ⁇ / b> C and 100 ⁇ / b> D are further provided on the light receiving side with respect to the first sealing material layer 26, and the light receiving side in the solar cell 10 and the surface protection substrate 20 made of a translucent resin material And a second sealing material layer 28 provided on the opposite side.
  • the solar cell modules 100C and 100D further include a back surface protective layer 32 provided on the opposite side of the second sealing material layer 28 from the solar cells 10.
  • a reinforcing member 21 having a bending strength greater than that of the surface protective substrate 20 is disposed on the extended portion 20 b of the surface protective substrate 20. Therefore, even if the surface protection substrate 20 is greatly contracted in the cooling process at the time of manufacture, the reinforcing member 21 provided on the extending portion 20b serves as a frame for holding the outer edge of the surface protection substrate 20, and the entire solar cell module. Can be prevented from being deformed into a concave shape. Moreover, even if the solar cell module 100C is used in an environment in which a high temperature state and a low temperature state are repeated, the solar cell module 100C is deformed into a concave shape during use because the reinforcing member 21 is provided in the extending portion 20b. It becomes possible to prevent this. Further, by using a lightweight material for the reinforcing member 21, it is possible to suppress the warpage of the solar cell module 100C while reducing the weight of the surface protection substrate 20.
  • the solar cell modules 100C and 100D include the solar cell 10, the surface protection substrate 20, the first sealing material layer 26, the second sealing material layer 28, and the back surface protection layer 32 as a whole on the light receiving side. It is preferable that it is convex toward the surface.
  • the solar cell module of the present embodiment is not limited to such a shape, and the solar cell 10, the surface protection substrate 20, the first sealing material layer 26, the second sealing material layer 28, and the back surface protection layer 32 are provided. It may be flat as a whole. That is, the solar battery cell 10, the surface protection substrate 20, the first sealing material layer 26, the second sealing material layer 28, and the back surface protection layer 32 may be parallel to the xy plane as a whole.
  • the moving body of the present embodiment is a moving body that includes the above-described solar cell module.
  • Examples of the moving body include vehicles such as automobiles, trains, ships, and the like.
  • the solar cell module of the present embodiment is mounted on an automobile, it is preferably installed on the upper surface portion of the automobile body such as a bonnet or a roof panel.
  • a current obtained by generating power using the solar cell module of the present embodiment is supplied to an electric device such as a fan or a motor, and is used for driving and controlling the electric device.
  • the solar cell module of the first embodiment will be described in more detail with reference to Example 1, the solar cell module of the first embodiment is not limited thereto.
  • Example 1-1 As shown in FIG. 24, in order from the light receiving surface side, the surface protective substrate 20, the gel polymer layer 22, the first sealing material layer 26, the solar battery cell 10, the second sealing material layer 28, and the back surface protective layer. About the solar cell module which laminated
  • the surface protective substrate 20 was a polycarbonate plate and had a thickness of 2 mm.
  • the gel-like polymer layer 22 was made of silicone gel and had a thickness of 1 mm.
  • ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) was used, and each thickness was 0.6 mm.
  • Solar cell 10 had a thickness of 0.12 mm.
  • the back surface protective layer 32 is made of carbon fiber reinforced plastic (UD material) in which carbon fibers are oriented in one direction and has a thickness of 0.2 mm.
  • Table 1 shows the thermal expansion coefficient and the tensile elastic modulus in the fiber direction B of the carbon fiber and the direction C perpendicular to the fiber direction B shown in FIG.
  • the back surface protective layer 32 is a layer that hardly stretches along the fiber direction B.
  • the thermal expansion coefficient in the fiber direction of the back surface protection layer 32 is smaller than the thermal expansion coefficient of the surface protection substrate 20.
  • FIG. 25 (b) shows the result of obtaining the displacement along the fiber direction B when the solar cell module is cooled.
  • FIG. 25 (c) shows the result of obtaining the displacement when the solar cell module is cooled along the direction C perpendicular to the fiber direction B.
  • the displacement of the right end at the time of fixing the left end of a solar cell module is calculated
  • the solar cell module at 25 ° C. is indicated by a solid line
  • the solar cell module at ⁇ 40 ° C. is indicated by a two-dot chain line.
  • the graph of FIG. 25D shows the relationship between the amount of displacement in the vertical direction (z direction) and the temperature at the right end of the solar cell module.
  • FIG. 25 (b) when the solar cell module is cooled, it can be seen that in the fiber direction B, the right end of the solar cell module is displaced upward. Further, as shown in FIG. 25 (d), it is understood that the right end of the solar cell module is warped upward by about 5 mm when cooled from 25 ° C. to ⁇ 40 ° C.
  • FIG. 25C when the solar cell module is cooled, it can be seen that the right end of the solar cell module is displaced downward in the direction C perpendicular to the fiber direction B. Further, as shown in FIG. 25 (d), it can be seen that when the solar cell module is cooled from 25 ° C. to ⁇ 40 ° C., the right end of the solar cell module is warped downward by about 2.5 mm.
  • the surface protection substrate 20 is contracted, but the back surface protection layer 32 is difficult to contract, and thus the solar cell module is warped upward as a whole.
  • the back surface protective layer 32 contracts when the surface protective substrate 20 contracts, so that the solar cell module is warped downward as a whole.
  • Example 1-2 Three-dimensional evaluation was performed by simulation using the same solar cell module as in Example 1-1. Specifically, the three-dimensional displacement when the solar cell module was cooled was analyzed by simulation. The same analysis software as in Example 1-1 was used. The analysis conditions were set as follows. ⁇ 3D model 1/4 symmetry ⁇ Stress: Static analysis ⁇ Model size: 1m ⁇ 1m -Model shape: Convex shape curved in two axes of R6000-Mesh shape: Tetra secondary element-Boundary condition: Unfixed-Thermal load: 25 ° C to -40 ° C
  • FIG. 26A a UD material in which carbon fibers are oriented in one direction inside the matrix resin was used as the back surface protective layer.
  • FIG.26 (b) and FIG.26 (c) the result of the simulation of such a solar cell module is shown.
  • FIG.26 (b) the displacement of the right end at the time of fixing the left end of a solar cell module is calculated
  • FIG. 26B the solar cell module at 25 ° C. is indicated by a solid line, and the solar cell module at ⁇ 40 ° C. is indicated by a two-dot chain line.
  • the graph in FIG. 26C shows the relationship between the amount of displacement in the vertical direction (z direction) and the temperature at the right end of the solar cell module.
  • FIG. 26 (b) it is understood that when the solar cell module is cooled, the right end of the solar cell module is displaced downward. Further, as shown in FIG. 26 (c), when cooled from 25 ° C. to ⁇ 40 ° C., the right end of the solar cell module is warped by 7 mm or more downward. That is, in the solar cell module of Example 1-2, when the front surface protection substrate 20 contracts, the solar cell module warps downward as a whole because the back surface protective layer 32 also contracts in the direction perpendicular to the carbon fibers. It turns out that it will be in a state.
  • the thermal expansion coefficients in the x direction and the y direction in the back surface protection layer are smaller than the thermal expansion coefficient of the surface protection substrate 20.
  • analysis software and analysis conditions were the same as those in Example 1-2.
  • FIG.27 (b) and 27 (c) show the results of simulation of such a solar cell module.
  • the displacement of the right end at the time of fixing the left end of a solar cell module is calculated
  • the solar cell module at 25 ° C. is indicated by a solid line
  • the solar cell module at ⁇ 40 ° C. is indicated by a two-dot chain line.
  • the graph of FIG. 27C shows the relationship between the amount of displacement in the vertical direction (z direction) and the temperature at the right end of the solar cell module.
  • FIG. 27 (b) when the solar cell module is cooled, it can be seen that the right end of the solar cell module is displaced upward.
  • FIG. 27 (c) when cooled from 25 ° C. to ⁇ 40 ° C., the right end of the solar cell module is warped upward by about 10 mm or more. That is, in the solar cell module of Comparative Example 1, the front surface protection substrate 20 contracts, but the back surface protection layer hardly contracts in both the x direction and the y direction, so that the solar cell module may be warped upward as a whole. I understand.
  • Example 1-3 Using the same solar cell module as in Example 1-1, the followability of the gel polymer layer was evaluated by simulation. Specifically, the displacement of the gel polymer layer when the solar cell module was cooled was analyzed by simulation.
  • the analysis software was the same as in Example 1-1, and the analysis conditions were the same as in Example 1-1.
  • FIG. 28 (a) shows the result of obtaining the displacement when the solar cell module 100 is cooled along the fiber direction B of FIG. 25 (a).
  • FIG. 28B shows an enlarged right end of FIG. 28A when the solar cell module 100 is cooled and deformed.
  • the solar cell module at 25 ° C. is represented by a solid line
  • the solar cell module at ⁇ 40 ° C. is represented by a two-dot chain line.
  • the solar cell module of the third embodiment will be described in more detail with reference to Example 2, but the solar cell module of the third embodiment is not limited thereto.
  • the solar cell module in which the surface protective substrate, the first sealing material layer, the solar battery cell, the second sealing material layer, and the back surface protective layer were laminated in order from the light receiving surface side was evaluated by simulation.
  • a polycarbonate plate was used as the surface protection substrate, and the thickness was 3 mm.
  • ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) was used, and the thickness was 0.6 mm.
  • the solar battery cell had a thickness of 0.12 mm.
  • the back protective layer used was a polyethylene terephthalate sheet and the thickness was 0.1 mm.
  • the extending portion having a length L of 50 mm was formed over the entire outer edge of the surface protective substrate.
  • no extending portion was formed.
  • FIG. 29 schematically shows the solar cell modules of Example 2 and Comparative Example 2. From FIG. 29, the solar cell modules of Example 2 and Comparative Example 2 have a convex shape curved in two axes, and are convex toward the light receiving side.
  • FIG. 30 shows the results of simulation in the solar cell modules of Example 2 and Comparative Example 2.
  • FIG. 30 is a 1 ⁇ 4-symmetrical diagram showing the displacement of the end when the center of the solar cell module is fixed.
  • the solar cell module at 25 ° C. is indicated by a solid line
  • the solar cell module at ⁇ 40 ° C. is indicated by a two-dot chain line.
  • the amount of upward displacement of the solar cell module can be suppressed even when the surface protective substrate is greatly contracted. Therefore, it turns out that it can suppress that the whole solar cell module deform
  • a solar cell module capable of suppressing concave warpage can be obtained by a simple method.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un module de cellules solaires (100) comprenant, dans l'ordre depuis le côté de surface de réception de lumière, les éléments suivants : un substrat de protection de surface (20) constitué d'une résine ; une couche de polymère du type gel (22) ; une première couche de matériau d'étanchéité (26) ; une unité de conversion photoélectrique ; une seconde couche de matériau d'étanchéité (28) ; et une couche de protection arrière (32) comprenant un composant à faible dilatation thermique aligné dans une direction. Le module élastique de traction de la couche de polymère du type gel (22) est inférieur à celui de n'importe quel élément parmi le substrat de protection de surface (20), la première couche de matériau d'étanchéité (26) et la seconde couche de matériau d'étanchéité (28). Le coefficient de dilatation thermique de la couche de protection arrière (32) dans une direction est inférieur au coefficient de dilatation thermique du substrat de protection de surface (20). La couche de protection arrière (32) est configurée de telle sorte que le coefficient de dilatation thermique dans la direction et le coefficient de dilatation thermique dans une autre direction qui est perpendiculaire à la première direction sont mutuellement différents.
PCT/JP2019/008614 2018-03-13 2019-03-05 Module de cellules solaires WO2019176646A1 (fr)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2023276537A1 (fr) * 2021-06-29 2023-01-05 株式会社カネカ Module de cellules solaires

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2010225772A (ja) * 2009-03-23 2010-10-07 Sanyo Electric Co Ltd 太陽電池モジュール
WO2012115154A1 (fr) * 2011-02-23 2012-08-30 三菱レイヨン株式会社 Module de cellule solaire
JP2014096511A (ja) * 2012-11-12 2014-05-22 Panasonic Corp 太陽電池モジュール
KR20160032616A (ko) * 2014-09-16 2016-03-24 엘지전자 주식회사 태양 전지 모듈 및 이에 사용되는 후면 시트
JP2017011085A (ja) * 2015-06-22 2017-01-12 株式会社豊田自動織機 ソーラーパネル
JP2017073466A (ja) * 2015-10-07 2017-04-13 トヨタ自動車株式会社 車載用太陽電池モジュール
WO2017098728A1 (fr) * 2015-12-10 2017-06-15 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 Module de cellule photovoltaïque

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2010225772A (ja) * 2009-03-23 2010-10-07 Sanyo Electric Co Ltd 太陽電池モジュール
WO2012115154A1 (fr) * 2011-02-23 2012-08-30 三菱レイヨン株式会社 Module de cellule solaire
JP2014096511A (ja) * 2012-11-12 2014-05-22 Panasonic Corp 太陽電池モジュール
KR20160032616A (ko) * 2014-09-16 2016-03-24 엘지전자 주식회사 태양 전지 모듈 및 이에 사용되는 후면 시트
JP2017011085A (ja) * 2015-06-22 2017-01-12 株式会社豊田自動織機 ソーラーパネル
JP2017073466A (ja) * 2015-10-07 2017-04-13 トヨタ自動車株式会社 車載用太陽電池モジュール
WO2017098728A1 (fr) * 2015-12-10 2017-06-15 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 Module de cellule photovoltaïque

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2023276537A1 (fr) * 2021-06-29 2023-01-05 株式会社カネカ Module de cellules solaires

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