WO2019167981A1 - 4-メチルジヒドロピリミジノン化合物及びその医薬用途 - Google Patents
4-メチルジヒドロピリミジノン化合物及びその医薬用途 Download PDFInfo
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- NOMVBEMRLKBMSG-WRSFFWLLSA-N CC(C)(C)/C=C/B(O[C@@H]1C(N(C)C)=O)O[C@@H]1C(N(C)C)=O Chemical compound CC(C)(C)/C=C/B(O[C@@H]1C(N(C)C)=O)O[C@@H]1C(N(C)C)=O NOMVBEMRLKBMSG-WRSFFWLLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DQGVGNKKMLAXRU-PVIYQOPSSA-O CC(C)(C)[C@H](C1)[C@@H]1c(ccc(/C(/C)=N/[SH+]C(C)(C)C)c1)c1Cl Chemical compound CC(C)(C)[C@H](C1)[C@@H]1c(ccc(/C(/C)=N/[SH+]C(C)(C)C)c1)c1Cl DQGVGNKKMLAXRU-PVIYQOPSSA-O 0.000 description 1
- IVGAYQRMCZMHAS-NNQMPLCKSA-N CC(C)C(CO)[C@](C)(c1ccc(C)c(Cl)c1)NC(NC(C1)(C2)CC12C(OC)=O)=O Chemical compound CC(C)C(CO)[C@](C)(c1ccc(C)c(Cl)c1)NC(NC(C1)(C2)CC12C(OC)=O)=O IVGAYQRMCZMHAS-NNQMPLCKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LNKWAWJTDSJNAX-CVRLYYSRSA-N CC[C@@](C(CO)C(C)C)(c(cc1Cl)c(C)cc1Br)N Chemical compound CC[C@@](C(CO)C(C)C)(c(cc1Cl)c(C)cc1Br)N LNKWAWJTDSJNAX-CVRLYYSRSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C07D233/54—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D233/66—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D233/70—One oxygen atom
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
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- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
- A61K31/505—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim
- A61K31/513—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim having oxo groups directly attached to the heterocyclic ring, e.g. cytosine
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- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
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- A61P37/08—Antiallergic agents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
- A61P9/10—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system for treating ischaemic or atherosclerotic diseases, e.g. antianginal drugs, coronary vasodilators, drugs for myocardial infarction, retinopathy, cerebrovascula insufficiency, renal arteriosclerosis
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
- A61P9/12—Antihypertensives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D239/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings
- C07D239/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings not condensed with other rings
- C07D239/20—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D239/22—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms directly attached to ring carbon atoms
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a 4-methyldihydropyrimidinone compound having ROR ⁇ antagonist activity or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, a pharmaceutical composition containing the same, and a pharmaceutical use thereof.
- ROR ⁇ Retinoid-related Orphan Receptor gamma
- Th17 cell differentiation and activation ROR ⁇ t is known as a splicing variant of ROR ⁇ (Non-patent Document 1).
- ROR ⁇ and ROR ⁇ t differ only in the N-terminus, and the ligand binding region and the DNA binding region are common.
- ROR ⁇ has been reported to be expressed in tissues other than Th17 cells (Non-patent Document 1).
- IL-17 produced from Th17 cells is involved in the induction of various chemokines, cytokines, metalloproteases, and other inflammatory mediators, and neutrophil migration. These reactions can be suppressed (Non-Patent Documents 2 and 3).
- Th17 cells are found in autoimmune diseases (rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, inflammatory bowel diseases (Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, etc.), multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), Behcet's disease, sarcoidosis, Harada disease, ankylosing Spondylitis, uveitis, polymyalgia rheumatism, type I diabetes, graft-versus-host disease, alopecia areata, vitiligo etc.), allergic diseases, dry eye, fibrosis (pulmonary fibrosis, primary bile) Cirrhosis of the liver) and cancer (malignant melanoma, prostate cancer, etc.).
- autoimmune diseases rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, inflammatory bowel diseases (Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, etc.)
- multiple sclerosis systemic lupus erythematosus
- ROR ⁇ in adipose tissue is involved in the control of adipogenesis, and insulin resistance is improved by suppressing ROR ⁇ (Non-patent Document 4).
- Adipose tissue is known to be involved in metabolic diseases (such as hepatic steatosis).
- IL-17 and Th17 cells are known to be involved in ischemia, cardiomyopathy, hypertension and periodontitis.
- Non-patent Document 5 For example, regarding rheumatoid arthritis, it has been reported that administration of an anti-IL-17 antibody improves swelling and joint destruction in collagen-induced arthritis (Non-patent Document 5). In addition, in studies using IL-17-deficient mice, improvement in swelling and joint destruction in collagen-induced arthritis has been reported (Non-patent Document 6). Regarding psoriasis, clinical trials have reported the effectiveness of anti-IL-17 antibody administration in psoriasis (Non-patent Document 7). Anti-IL-17 antibody is marketed for psoriasis (Non-patent Document 8).
- Non-patent Document 9 it has been reported that an antibody against IL-23 that activates Th17 cells (anti-IL-23 antibody) has shown efficacy in Crohn's disease in clinical trials (Non-patent Document 20).
- Non-patent Document 10 the pathology of a mouse experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis model, which is an animal model of multiple sclerosis, is suppressed.
- Non-patent Document 21 it has been reported that anti-IL-17A antibody has improved MRI findings in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis in clinical trials.
- Non-patent Document 11 the systemic lupus erythematosus
- ROR ⁇ t KO mice have been observed to suppress GBM nephritis, an animal model of glomerulonephritis, by administration of anti-IL-17 antibody.
- Non-patent Document 12 The onset of nephritis associated with SLE may also be suppressed by administration of anti-IL-17 antibody (Non-patent Document 12).
- ankylosing spondylitis effectiveness in ankylosing spondylitis by administration of anti-IL-17 antibody has been reported (Non-patent Document 13).
- uveitis the effectiveness of administration of anti-IL-17 antibody in uveitis with Behcet's disease, sarcoidosis and Harada disease as the disease background has been reported (Non-patent Document 7).
- For rheumatic polymyalgia clinical trials for anti-IL-17 antibodies are ongoing.
- Non-patent Document 14 suppression of disease state progression by anti-IL-17 antibody administration is observed in NOD mice of the type I diabetes model.
- clinical trials for anti-IL-17A antibodies are ongoing (Non-patent Document 22).
- graft-versus-host disease it has been reported that survival rate and host rejection are improved by transferring cells derived from ROR ⁇ KO mice in a mouse transplant model (Non-patent Document 19).
- alopecia areata
- clinical trials are being conducted on anti-IL-17A antibodies (Non-patent Document 25).
- vitiligo an increase in IL-17 in the patient's serum and an increase in Th17 cells in the diseased tissue are observed (Non-patent Document 39).
- Non-patent Document 15 A clinical trial for anti-IL-17A antibody against atopic dermatitis is in progress (Non-patent Document 23). In addition, clinical trials for asthma for anti-IL-23 antibodies are ongoing (Non-patent Document 24). Regarding dry eye, Th17 cells are increasing in animal models of dry eye, and clinical trials are being conducted on anti-IL-17 antibodies in dry eye patients (Non-patent Document 16).
- Non-patent Document 17 In the bleomycin pulmonary fibrosis model, which is an animal model of pulmonary fibrosis, suppression of inflammation or fibrosis in the lung and extension of animal survival are observed by administration of anti-IL-17 antibody (Non-patent Document 17).
- Primary biliary cirrhosis it has been reported that Th17 cells are increased in the lesions of patients, and clinical trials of anti-IL-23 antibodies are ongoing (Non-patent Document 18). For malignant melanoma, clinical trials are being conducted for anti-IL-17 antibodies (Non-patent Documents 26 and 27).
- prostate cancer a decrease in microinvasive prostate cancer formation by anti-IL-17 antibody is observed in Pten-null mice (Non-patent Document 33).
- Non-patent Document 4 insulin resistance induced by high-fat diet load is suppressed in ROR ⁇ KO mice.
- hepatic steatosis improvement of steatosis by anti-IL-17 antibody is observed on the pathological tissue in an alcoholic liver disease model (Non-patent Document 34).
- non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in a non-alcoholic fatty liver disease model with a high-fat diet, improvement of liver function, attenuation of liver lipid accumulation, suppression of Kupffer cell activation, and inflammatory cytokine levels in anti-IL-17 antibodies Is recognized (Non-patent Document 35).
- Non-patent Document 36 it has been reported that IL-17A contributes to myocardial ischemia / reperfusion injury by modulating cardiomyocyte apoptosis and neutrophil infiltration. With anti-IL-17A antibody or IL-17A knockout, infarct size is reduced and cardiac function is improved, and ischemia / reperfusion injury is improved (Non-patent Document 36).
- hypertension it has been reported that an increase in blood pressure due to administration of angiotensin II is reduced by antibodies to IL-17A and IL-17RA (Non-patent Document 37).
- Periodontitis Th17 cells and IL-17 are elevated in an experimental periodontitis model. The ROR ⁇ antagonist GSK805 and anti-IL-17A antibody suppress bone loss in this model (Non-patent Document 38).
- ROR ⁇ antagonists are used in autoimmune diseases, allergic diseases, dry eye, fibrosis, cancer (malignant melanoma, prostate cancer, etc.), metabolic diseases, ischemia, cardiomyopathy, hypertension and periodontal disease. It is considered beneficial for prevention or treatment.
- JETTEN "Retinoid-related orphan receptors (RORs): critical roles in development, immunity, circadian rhythm, and cellular metabolism", Nucl. Recept. Signal., 7: e003 (2009).
- KOENDERS et al., "Potential new targets in arthritis therapy: interleukin (IL) -17 and its relation to tumour necrosis factor and IL-1 in experimental arthritis", Ann. Rheum. Dis., 65: iii29-33 ).
- SCHMIDT-WEBER et al., "Th17 cells in the big picture of immunology", J. Allergy Clin. Immunol., 120: 247-54 (2007).
- MEISSBURGER et al., "Adipogenesis and insulin sensitivity in obesity are regulated by retinoid-related orphan receptor gamma", EMBO Mol. Med., 3: 637-51 (2011).
- KELCHTERMANS et al. "Effector mechanisms of interleukin-17 in collagen-induced arthritis in the absence of interferon- ⁇ and counteraction by interferon- ⁇ '', Arthritis Res. Ther., 11 (4): R122 (2009).
- NAKAE et al., "Suppression of Immune Induction of Collagen-Induced Arthritis in IL-17-Deficient Mice", J. Immunol., 171: 6173-6177 (2003).
- IVANOV et al. "The Orphan Nuclear Receptor ROR ⁇ t Directs the Differentiation Program of Proinflammatory IL-17 + T Helper Cells", Cell, 126 (6): 1121-1133 (2006).
- STEINMETZ et al. "The Th17-Defining Transcription Factor ROR ⁇ t Promotes Glomerulonephritis", J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., 22 (3): 472-483 (2011).
- CRISPIN et al. "Interleukin-17-producing T cells in lupus", Curr. Opin. Rheumatol., 22 (5): 499-503 (2010).
- BAETEN et al. "Anti-interleukin-17A monoclonal antibody secukinumab in treatment of ankylosing spondylitis: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial", Lancet, 382 (9906): 1705-1713 (2013).
- EMAMAULLEE et al. "Inhibition of Th17 Cells Regulates Autoimmune Diabetes in NOD Mice", Diabetes, 58: 1302-1311 (2009).
- TILLEY, et al. "Retinoid-Related Orphan Receptor ⁇ Controls Immunoglobulin Production and Th1 / Th2 Cytokine Balance in the Adaptive Immune Response to Allergen", J.
- NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH "Study of Secukinumab in Patients With Newly-diagnosed Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus”, ClinicalTrials.gov information for Clinical Trials Identifier NCT02044848.
- U.S. NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH "Secukinumab for Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis", ClinicalTrials.gov information for Clinical Trials Identifier NCT02594098.
- U.S. NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH "Efficacy and Safety of BI 655066 / ABBV-066 (Risankizumab) in Patients With Severe Persistent Asthma”, ClinicalTrials.gov information for Clinical Tals02 U.S.
- NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH "A Study of Secukinumab for the Treatment of Alopecia Areata”, ClinicalTrials.gov information for Clinical Trials Identifier NCT02599129.
- U.S. NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH "An Open-Label, Proof-of-Concept Study of Ixekizumab in the Treatment of Pyoderma Gangrenosum”, ClinicalTrials.gov information for Clinical Trials03137
- U.S. NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH "Single-arm Study to Assess a Potential Effect of Anti-IL-17 (Secukinumab) in the Treatment of Pyoderma Gangrenosum”, ClinicalTrials.govicalicalNC3 A.
- the present invention provides a 4-methyldihydropyrimidinone compound having ROR ⁇ antagonist activity or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, a pharmaceutical composition containing the same, and a pharmaceutical use thereof. That is, in a certain aspect, the present invention includes the embodiments exemplified below.
- Item 4 A pharmaceutical composition comprising the compound according to any one of Items 1 to 3 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
- Item 4 A ROR ⁇ antagonist comprising the compound according to any one of Items 1 to 3 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
- autoimmune disease An autoimmune disease, allergic disease, dry eye, fibrosis, cancer, metabolic disease, ischemia, cardiomyopathy, comprising the compound according to any one of Items 1 to 3 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof
- a therapeutic or prophylactic agent for a disease selected from the group consisting of hypertension and periodontal disease.
- [Claim 7] A method for antagonizing ROR ⁇ , comprising administering to a mammal a therapeutically effective amount of the compound according to any one of items 1 to 3 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
- autoimmune disease allergic disease, dry eye, fibrosis, comprising administering to a mammal a therapeutically effective amount of the compound according to any one of items 1 to 3 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, A method for treating or preventing a disease selected from the group consisting of cancer, metabolic disease, ischemia, cardiomyopathy, hypertension and periodontal disease.
- Item 1 for use in the treatment or prevention of a disease selected from the group consisting of autoimmune disease, allergic disease, dry eye, fibrosis, cancer, metabolic disease, ischemia, cardiomyopathy, hypertension and periodontal disease Or a compound according to any one of 1 to 3 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
- a disease selected from the group consisting of autoimmune disease, allergic disease, dry eye, fibrosis, cancer, metabolic disease, ischemia, cardiomyopathy, hypertension and periodontal disease Or a compound according to any one of 1 to 3 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
- Item 4 The pharmaceutical composition according to Item 4 and the pharmaceutical composition comprising the group consisting of autoimmune disease, allergic disease, dry eye, fibrosis, cancer, metabolic disease, ischemia, cardiomyopathy, hypertension and periodontal disease
- a commercial package comprising a description relating to the pharmaceutical composition describing that it can be used for the treatment or prevention of a selected disease.
- Item 4 The pharmaceutical composition according to Item 4 and the pharmaceutical composition comprising the group consisting of autoimmune disease, allergic disease, dry eye, fibrosis, cancer, metabolic disease, ischemia, cardiomyopathy, hypertension and periodontal disease
- a kit comprising a description relating to the pharmaceutical composition, which describes that it can be used for treatment or prevention of a selected disease.
- FIG. 1 shows the powder X-ray diffraction pattern of crystal form A.
- the vertical axis shows the diffraction intensity (cps: counts per second), and the horizontal axis shows the diffraction angle 2 ⁇ (°).
- FIG. 2 shows the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) curve of crystal form A.
- the vertical axis shows the amount of heat (Heat Flow: Watt per gram), and the horizontal axis shows the temperature (° C).
- FIG. 3 shows the powder X-ray diffraction pattern of crystal form B.
- the vertical axis shows the diffraction intensity (cps: counts per second), and the horizontal axis shows the diffraction angle 2 ⁇ (°).
- FIG. 4 shows the DSC curve of crystal form B.
- the vertical axis shows the amount of heat (Heat Flow: Watt per gram), and the horizontal axis shows the temperature (° C).
- FIG. 5 shows the powder X-ray diffraction pattern of crystal form C.
- the vertical axis shows the diffraction intensity (cps: counts per second), and the horizontal axis shows the diffraction angle 2 ⁇ (°).
- FIG. 6 shows the DSC curve of crystal form C.
- the vertical axis shows the amount of heat (Heat Flow: Watt per gram), and the horizontal axis shows the temperature (° C).
- FIG. 7 shows the powder X-ray diffraction pattern of crystal form D.
- the vertical axis shows the diffraction intensity (cps: counts per second), and the horizontal axis shows the diffraction angle 2 ⁇ (°).
- FIG. 8 shows a TG-DTA curve of crystal form D.
- the vertical axis indicates weight (gram), the vertical axis indicates temperature (° C.), and the horizontal axis indicates temperature (° C.).
- FIG. 9 shows the DSC curve of crystal form D.
- the vertical axis shows the amount of heat (Heat Flow: Watt per gram), and the horizontal axis shows the temperature (° C).
- FIG. 10 shows the powder X-ray diffraction pattern of crystal Form E.
- the vertical axis shows the diffraction intensity (cps: counts per second), and the horizontal axis shows the diffraction angle 2 ⁇ (°).
- FIG. 11 shows a TG-DTA curve of crystal form E.
- the vertical axis indicates weight (gram), the vertical axis indicates temperature (° C.), and the horizontal axis indicates temperature (° C.).
- FIG. 12 shows the DSC curve of crystal form E.
- the vertical axis shows the amount of heat (Heat Flow: Watt per gram), and the horizontal axis shows the temperature (° C).
- Compound of formula (1) and “compound of formula (2)” are also referred to as “compound (1)” and “compound (2)”, respectively.
- ⁇ Compound (1) or compound (2) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof '' means a compound (1) or compound (2) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of compound (1) or compound (2). It is intended to include any pharmaceutically acceptable salt of compound (1) and any pharmaceutically acceptable salt of compound (2).
- “Pharmaceutically acceptable salt” may be any salt known in the art without undue toxicity. Specific examples include salts with inorganic acids, salts with organic acids, salts with inorganic bases, salts with organic bases, and the like. Various forms of pharmaceutically acceptable salts are well known in the art and are described, for example, in the following references: (a) Berge et al., J. Pharm. Sci., 66, p1-19 (1977); (b) Stahl et al., "Handbook of Pharmaceutical Salts: Properties, Selection, and Use” (Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, Germany, 2002); (c) Paulekuhn et al., J. Med. Chem., 50, p6665-6672 (2007). According to a known method, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof can be obtained by reacting compound (1) or compound (2) with an inorganic acid, organic acid, inorganic base or organic base.
- Examples of the salt with inorganic acid include salts with hydrofluoric acid, hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, hydroiodic acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid.
- a salt with hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid or hydrobromic acid is used.
- acetic acid As salts with organic acids, acetic acid, adipic acid, alginic acid, 4-aminosalicylic acid, anhydromethylene citric acid, benzoic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, camphoric acid, camphor-10-sulfonic acid, carbonic acid, citric acid, edetic acid Ethane-1,2-disulfonic acid, dodecylsulfuric acid, ethanesulfonic acid, fumaric acid, glucoheptonic acid, gluconic acid, glucuronic acid, glucoheptonic acid, glycolylarsanilic acid, hydroxynaphthoic acid, 2-hydroxy-1-ethanesulfone Acid, lactic acid, lactobionic acid, malic acid, maleic acid, mandelic acid, methanesulfonic acid, methylsulfuric acid, methylnitric acid, methylenebis (salicylic acid), galactaric acid, n
- oxalic acid maleic acid, citric acid, fumaric acid, lactic acid, malic acid, succinic acid, tartaric acid, acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, benzoic acid, glucuronic acid, oleic acid, pamoic acid, methanesulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid , Salts with p-toluenesulfonic acid or 2-hydroxy-1-ethanesulfonic acid.
- Examples of the salt with an inorganic base include salts with lithium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, barium, aluminum, zinc, bismuth or ammonium. Preferably, a salt with sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium or zinc is used.
- Examples of the salt with organic base include salts with arecoline, betaine, choline, clemizole, ethylenediamine, N-methylglucamine, N-benzylphenethylamine, tris (hydroxymethyl) methylamine, arginine or lysine. Preferably, a salt with tris (hydroxymethyl) methylamine, N-methylglucamine or lysine is used.
- Compound (1) or compound (2) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof may exist as a solvate.
- the “solvate” is a compound in which a molecule of a solvent is coordinated to the compound (1) or the compound (2) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and includes a hydrate.
- the solvate is preferably a pharmaceutically acceptable solvate, and examples thereof include hydrate of compound (1) or compound (2) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, ethanol solvate, dimethyl sulfoxide solvate and the like. .
- hemihydrate, monohydrate, dihydrate or monoethanolate of compound (1) or compound (2), or 1 of hydrochloride of compound (1) or compound (2) Examples thereof include hydrates and 2/3 ethanol hydrates of dihydrochloride.
- monohydrate of compound (1) is used.
- Compound (1) or compound (2) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof may be labeled with an isotope element ( 2 H, 3 H, 14 C, 35 S, etc.).
- the optional hydrogen in compound (1) or compound (2) includes light hydrogen 1 H (H), double hydrogen 2 H (D), and tritium 3 H (T).
- the compound (1) or compound (2) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is preferably a substantially pure compound (1) or compound (2) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. More preferred is compound (1) or compound (2) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof having a purity of 80% or more.
- a preferred crystal form of compound (1) or compound (2) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof has a diffraction angle (2 ⁇ ) measured using CuK ⁇ radiation of 7.4 ⁇ 0.2 °, 9.9 ⁇ 0.2 °, 10.5 ⁇ 0.2 °, 11.4 ⁇ 0.2 °, 11.6 ⁇ 0.2 °, 13.4 ⁇ 0.2 °, 14.2 ⁇ 0.2 ° , 17.4 ⁇ 0.2 °, 18.3 ⁇ 0.2 °, 18.7 ⁇ 0.2 ° or 19.4 ⁇ 0.2 °, at least 3 (eg, at least 3, 4 Or a crystal form of the compound (1) showing a powder X-ray diffraction pattern having 5 peaks.
- the more preferable crystal form of the compound (1) shows a powder X-ray diffraction pattern having peaks at 2 ⁇ of 7.4 ⁇ 0.2 °, 9.9 ⁇ 0.2 ° and 13.4 ⁇ 0.2 °. May be. Further preferred crystal forms of compound (1) are 7.4 ⁇ 0.2 °, 9.9 ⁇ 0.2 °, 13.4 ⁇ 0.2 °, 18.7 ⁇ 0.2 ° and 19.4. A powder X-ray diffraction pattern having a peak at 2 ⁇ of ⁇ 0.2 ° may be shown.
- Another preferred crystalline form of compound (1) or compound (2) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof has a diffraction angle (2 ⁇ ) measured using CuK ⁇ radiation of 4.2 ⁇ 0.2 °, 9 .7 ⁇ 0.2 °, 13.7 ⁇ 0.2 °, 14.0 ⁇ 0.2 °, 15.2 ⁇ 0.2 °, 15.4 ⁇ 0.2 °, 16.9 ⁇ 0. At least 3 in any of 2 °, 18.8 ⁇ 0.2 °, 20.5 ⁇ 0.2 °, 21.9 ⁇ 0.2 ° or 22.4 ⁇ 0.2 ° (eg, at least 3 And a monohydrate crystal form of the compound (1) showing a powder X-ray diffraction pattern having 4 or 5 peaks.
- the monohydrate crystal form of Compound (1) is Powder X having peaks at 2 ⁇ of 4.2 ⁇ 0.2 °, 9.7 ⁇ 0.2 °, and 16.9 ⁇ 0.2 °.
- a line diffraction pattern may be shown.
- Further preferred crystalline forms of monohydrate of compound (1) are 4.2 ⁇ 0.2 °, 9.7 ⁇ 0.2 °, 13.7 ⁇ 0.2 °, 15.2 ⁇ 0.2.
- a powder X-ray diffraction pattern having a peak at 2 ⁇ of ° and 16.9 ⁇ 0.2 ° may be shown.
- the error range of the diffraction angle (2 ⁇ ) in the powder X-ray diffraction pattern is preferably ⁇ 0.2 °, more preferably ⁇ 0.1 °, still more preferably ⁇ 0.05 °.
- the pharmaceutical composition comprises at least one or more pharmaceutically acceptable compounds (1) or (2) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof according to a method known in the technical field of pharmaceutical preparations. You may manufacture by mixing a suitable quantity with a support
- the content of compound (1) or compound (2) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (also referred to as “therapeutically effective amount” in the present specification) in the pharmaceutical composition varies depending on the dosage form, dosage, etc. Is, for example, 0.1 to 100% by weight of the total composition.
- compositions As the dosage form of Compound (1) or Compound (2) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, tablets, capsules, granules, powders, troches, syrups, emulsions, suspensions and other oral preparations, and Examples include parenterals such as external preparations, suppositories, injections, eye drops, nasal preparations, and pulmonary preparations.
- parenterals such as external preparations, suppositories, injections, eye drops, nasal preparations, and pulmonary preparations.
- the “pharmaceutically acceptable carrier” include various organic or inorganic carrier substances that are commonly used as pharmaceutical materials, and liquid preparations such as excipients, disintegrants, binders, fluidizing agents, lubricants, etc. in solid preparations. Solvents, solubilizers, suspending agents, isotonic agents, buffers, soothing agents, etc., and bases, emulsifiers, wetting agents, stabilizers, stabilizers, dispersants, plasticizers in semi-solid preparations , PH adjusters, absorption promoters, gelling agents, preservatives, fillers, solubilizers, solubilizers, suspending agents and the like. Furthermore, you may use additives, such as a preservative, an antioxidant, a coloring agent, and a sweetener, as needed.
- excipient examples include lactose, sucrose, D-mannitol, D-sorbitol, corn starch, dextrin, microcrystalline cellulose, crystalline cellulose, carmellose, carmellose calcium, carboxymethyl starch sodium, low-substituted hydroxypropylcellulose, Examples include gum arabic.
- disintegrant examples include carmellose, carmellose calcium, carmellose sodium, sodium carboxymethyl starch, croscarmellose sodium, crospovidone, low-substituted hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, crystalline cellulose and the like.
- binder examples include hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, povidone, crystalline cellulose, sucrose, dextrin, starch, gelatin, carmellose sodium, gum arabic and the like.
- Lightening agent includes light anhydrous silicic acid, magnesium stearate and the like.
- Soliders include magnesium stearate, calcium stearate, talc and the like.
- solvent includes purified water, ethanol, propylene glycol, macrogol, sesame oil, corn oil, olive oil, and the like.
- Examples of the “solubilizing agent” include propylene glycol, D-mannitol, benzyl benzoate, ethanol, triethanolamine, sodium carbonate, sodium citrate and the like.
- suspending agent examples include benzalkonium chloride, carmellose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, propylene glycol, povidone, methyl cellulose, glyceryl monostearate and the like.
- isotonic agent examples include glucose, D-sorbitol, sodium chloride, D-mannitol and the like.
- buffering agent examples include sodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium acetate, sodium carbonate, sodium citrate and the like.
- a soothing agent includes benzyl alcohol and the like.
- Bases include water, animal and vegetable oils (olive oil, corn oil, peanut oil, sesame oil, castor oil, etc.), lower alcohols (ethanol, propanol, propylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol, phenol, etc.), higher grades Fatty acids and their esters, waxes, higher alcohols, polyhydric alcohols, hydrocarbons (white petrolatum, liquid paraffin, paraffin, etc.), hydrophilic petrolatum, purified lanolin, water-absorbing ointment, hydrous lanolin, hydrophilic ointment, starch, pullulan, gum arabic , Tragacanth gum, gelatin, dextran, cellulose derivatives (methylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, etc.), synthetic polymers (carboxyvinyl polymer, sodium polyacrylate, poly Alkenyl alcohol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, etc.), propylene glycol, macrogol (macrogol (m
- preservative examples include ethyl paraoxybenzoate, chlorobutanol, benzyl alcohol, sodium dehydroacetate, sorbic acid and the like.
- Antioxidants include sodium sulfite, ascorbic acid and the like.
- colorant examples include food dyes (food red 2 or 3, food yellow 4 or 5, etc.), ⁇ -carotene and the like.
- sweetening agent examples include saccharin sodium, dipotassium glycyrrhizinate, aspartame and the like.
- the pharmaceutical composition is orally administered to mammals other than humans (mouse, rat, hamster, guinea pig, rabbit, cat, dog, pig, cow, horse, sheep, monkey, etc.) and human. It can be administered parenterally (topical, rectal, intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous, etc.).
- the dose varies depending on the administration subject, disease, symptom, dosage form, administration route, etc., for example, the dose when orally administered to an adult patient is as the active ingredient compound (1) or compound (2), It is usually in the range of about 0.01 mg to about 1 g per day. These amounts can be administered in one to several divided doses.
- kits administration, treatment and / or prevention kits, etc.
- packages packages
- drug sets and / or containers
- Such kits, packages and drug sets comprise one or more containers filled with one or more active ingredients and other drugs or drugs (or ingredients) for use in the pharmaceutical composition or the pharmaceutical composition. May be.
- Examples of such kits, packages and drug sets include commercial kits, commercial packages and commercial drug sets that are suitably directed to the treatment and / or prevention of the target disease.
- kits, packages and drug sets include precautionary statements or package inserts in the form directed by a government agency that regulates the manufacture, use or sale of pharmaceutical or biological products. Precautionary statements or package inserts indicating the agency's approval for the manufacture, use or sale of the product in connection with its administration.
- the kits, packages, and drug sets include packaged products, and may include structures configured for appropriate administration steps (steps), treatment of the target disease, and / or Structures configured to achieve more preferred medical treatment and / or prevention, including prevention, etc. may be included.
- Compound (1) or Compound (2) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is useful as an ROR ⁇ antagonist because it has an action of antagonizing ROR ⁇ .
- ROR ⁇ antagonist activity means antagonizing the function of ROR ⁇ (preferably by specifically antagonizing) and eliminating the activity Or, it means to attenuate, for example, to antagonize (preferably specifically antagonize) the function of ROR ⁇ based on the conditions of Test Example 1 described later.
- ROR ⁇ antagonist means a substance that antagonizes the function of ROR ⁇ , preferably a substance that specifically antagonizes the function of ROR ⁇ .
- ROR ⁇ is preferably “human ROR ⁇ ”.
- compound (1) or the compound (2) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof has an ROR ⁇ antagonistic action, it can be expected to be effective for diseases involving the function of ROR ⁇ . That is, compound (1) or compound (2) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is an autoimmune disease, allergic disease, dry eye, fibrosis, cancer, metabolic disease, ischemia, cardiomyopathy, hypertension and teeth. It is expected to be useful for the treatment or prevention of a disease selected from the group consisting of perinatal diseases.
- Autoimmune disease is a general term for diseases that cause symptoms when the immune system reacts excessively to normal cells and tissues and attacks them. Specifically, rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis , Inflammatory bowel disease (eg Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, etc.), multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), Behcet's disease, sarcoidosis, Harada disease, ankylosing spondylitis, uveitis , Rheumatic polymyalgia, type I diabetes, graft-versus-host disease, alopecia areata, vitiligo and the like.
- An “allergic disease” is a disease resulting from an event in which an immune reaction occurs excessively against a specific antigen, and specifically includes atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis (hay fever, etc.), allergic conjunctivitis Allergic gastroenteritis, asthma (bronchial asthma, childhood asthma, etc.), food allergy, drug allergy, urticaria and the like.
- Fibrosis is an increased state of fibrous connective tissue, and specific examples include pulmonary fibrosis and primary biliary cirrhosis. Specific examples of “cancer” include malignant melanoma and prostate cancer.
- a “metabolic disease” is a disease caused by an abnormality in turnover or a disease including an abnormality in metabolism as a component of the etiology, and specifically includes diabetes (type I diabetes, type II diabetes, etc.), liver Examples include steatosis and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
- treatment includes amelioration of symptoms, prevention of severity, maintenance of remission, prevention of relapse, and prevention of recurrence.
- prevention means suppressing the onset of symptoms.
- Compound (1) or compound (2) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof has been demonstrated to have the following properties: (i) high metabolic stability (see Test Example 2); (ii) an advantageous pharmacokinetic profile including the desired plasma half-life (see Test Example 5); (iii) The ability to induce drug metabolizing enzymes such as CYP3A4 is small (see Test Example 3); (iv) Desirably high solubility (see Test Example 4); and (v) Persistent and / or strong pharmacological action (see Test Examples 6 and 7).
- compound (1) or compound (2) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is particularly advantageous.
- compound (1) or compound (2) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is: (i) may be administered less frequently or at longer intervals due to sustained pharmacological action, thus having a positive impact on patient compliance and thus improving the overall therapeutic outcome; (ii) Since a drug-metabolizing enzyme such as CYP3A4 is difficult to be induced, a concomitant drug metabolized by such an enzyme may be difficult to metabolize, and thus this compound is used when a patient takes multiple drugs at the same time. May be more suitable; and (iii) may have good oral bioavailability due to its high solubility, thus showing a dose-dependent increase in plasma concentration even at high doses and / or Or the individual difference in the absorption process may be small.
- the production method of compound (1) or compound (2) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof will be described in the following examples.
- the method for producing compound (1) or compound (2) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is not limited to these production methods.
- the compound obtained in each step can be isolated and / or purified by a known method such as distillation, recrystallization, column chromatography or the like, if necessary. It is possible to proceed to the next step.
- room temperature refers to a temperature in a state where the temperature is not controlled, and one embodiment includes 1 ° C. to 40 ° C.
- Tetraethyl orthotitanate (70.3 g) was added to the reaction solution, and the reaction solution was stirred at 100 ° C. for 5 hours.
- Diisopropylamine (12.4 mL) was mixed with tetrahydrofuran (89.1 mL) under an argon gas atmosphere.
- tetrahydrofuran 89.1 mL
- a 2.66M n-butyllithium / n-hexane solution 33.5 mL was added dropwise to the reaction solution, and the reaction solution was stirred for 5 minutes under ice cooling.
- the reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, and 10 w / v% aqueous sodium carbonate solution (50.0 mL) was added to the residue.
- the reaction was extracted with ethyl acetate (80 mL).
- the aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate (2 times).
- the combined organic layers were washed with 10 w / v% aqueous sodium carbonate solution (50 mL), water (50 mL) and saturated brine, and then dried over sodium sulfate.
- Sodium sulfate was removed by filtration, and the organic layer concentrated under reduced pressure was dried over magnesium sulfate. Magnesium sulfate was removed by filtration, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure.
- Step 6 3-[(S) -4- (4-Bromo-3-chloro-phenyl) -5-isopropyl-4-methyl-2-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrimidin-1-yl] -bicyclo [ 1.1.1] Pentane-1-carboxylic acid methyl ester 3- ⁇ 3-[(R) -1- (4-Bromo-3-chloro-phenyl) -2-hydroxymethyl-1,3-dimethyl-butyl] ureido ⁇ -bicyclo [1.1.1 under nitrogen gas atmosphere ] Pentane-1-carboxylic acid methyl ester (10.0 g) and chloroform (68.4 mL) were mixed.
- the obtained residue was solidified with n-hexane, and the precipitated solid was collected by filtration to give the title compound (6.35 g).
- Step 7 3- ⁇ (S) -4- [4- (2-tert-butyl-cyclopropyl) -3-chloro-phenyl] -5-isopropyl-4-methyl-2-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2H- Pyrimidin-1-yl ⁇ -bicyclo [1.1.1] pentane-1-carboxylic acid methyl ester Under an argon gas atmosphere, 3-[(S) -4- (4-bromo-3-chloro-phenyl) -5-isopropyl-4-methyl-2-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrimidine-1- Yl] -bicyclo [1.1.1] pentane-1-carboxylic acid methyl ester (5.23 g), potassium trans-2-tert-butyl-cyclopropyl-trifluoroborate (2.79 g), [1,1'- Bis (di-tert-butyl-phosphino) ferrocene] palla
- the reaction solution was stirred at room temperature for 24 hours and 30 minutes.
- the reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, water (400 mL) and 1N hydrochloric acid (250 mL) were added to the residue, ethyl acetate (900 mL) was added, and the layers were separated.
- the aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate (100 mL ⁇ 2), and the organic layer was washed with water (250 mL) and saturated brine, and then dried over sodium sulfate. Sodium sulfate was filtered off and concentrated under reduced pressure.
- the obtained residue and acetonitrile (1000 mL) were mixed and stirred at 85 ° C. for 1 hour and 15 minutes.
- Crystal Form A (44.7 g).
- crystals of the title compound 29.7 mg
- ethyl acetate (297 ⁇ L) and methanol (891 ⁇ L) were mixed.
- the solvent was concentrated under reduced pressure using a rotary evaporator to obtain another crystal of the title compound (Crystal Form B).
- the above-mentioned two kinds of crystals (10.0 mg each) and isobutyl acetate (80 ⁇ L) were mixed in the same manner, and the mixture was stirred for 1 week at room temperature. (Crystal Form C) was obtained and used as the following seed crystal.
- Second step (1R, 2R) -2-tert-butylcyclopropylboronic acid
- a 1.1 M diethylzinc / n-hexane solution (1892 mL) was mixed with methyl tert-butyl ether (838 mL).
- Chloroiodomethane (301 mL) was added dropwise to the reaction solution for 35 minutes under cooling with dry ice-acetone.
- the reaction mixture was stirred for 30 minutes under dry ice-acetone cooling.
- L-tartaric acid-N, N, N ′, N′-tetramethylamide (70.8 g) was added and stirred for 20 minutes.
- Step 6 4-((1R, 2R) -2-tert-butylcyclopropyl) -3-chlorobenzoic acid
- S -phenethylamine salt
- 4-((1R, 2R) -2-tert-butylcyclopropyl) -3-chlorobenzoic acid (790 g) was mixed with isopropyl acetate (7900 mL).
- (S)-(-)-Phenylethylamine (417 g) was added dropwise for 10 minutes under an internal temperature of 87 ° C., and seed crystals were inoculated. The mixture was stirred at 83 ° C. for 2 hours, and then stirred overnight while gradually cooling to room temperature.
- Step 7 4-((1R, 2R) -2-tert-butylcyclopropyl) -3-chlorobenzoic acid (S) -phenethylamine salt 4-((1R, 2R) -2-tert-butylcyclopropyl) -3-chlorobenzoic acid (S) -phenethylamine salt (1087 g) was mixed with isopropyl acetate (7600 mL). (S)-( ⁇ )-phenethylamine (35.2 g) was added to the reaction solution. The mixture was stirred at 83 ° C. for 2 hours, and then stirred overnight while gradually cooling to room temperature. The precipitated solid was collected by filtration to give the title compound (1044 g).
- N- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) -N′-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (1099 g) was added and stirred for 1 hour.
- cyclopentyl methyl ether (5000 mL) and water (2500 mL) were added.
- the aqueous layer was extracted with cyclopentyl methyl ether (400 mL), and the combined organic layer was washed with water (2500 mL) and 20 w / v% aqueous sodium chloride solution (2500 mL), and then dried over sodium sulfate.
- Sodium sulfate was filtered off and concentrated under reduced pressure.
- Step 11 (S) -2-Methyl-propane-2-sulfinic acid ⁇ 1- [4-((1R, 2R) -2-tert-butylcyclopropyl) -3-chloro-phenyl] -eth- (E) -ylidene ⁇ -Amide 1- [4-((1R, 2R) -2-tert-butylcyclopropyl) -3-chloro-phenyl] ethanone (207 g) and (S)-(-)-2-methyl-propane-2-sulfinic acid Amide (116 g) was mixed with cyclopentyl methyl ether (1000 mL).
- Tetraethyl orthotitanate (335 mL) was added to the reaction mixture, and the reaction mixture was stirred at 110 ° C. for 3 hours.
- Methanol 1000 mL was added to the reaction solution under water cooling, and the mixture was stirred for 10 minutes.
- An aqueous solution obtained by mixing 28 w / w% aqueous ammonia (100 mL), L-lactic acid (178 mL), and water (1000 mL) was added dropwise at an internal temperature of 30 ° C. or lower for 15 minutes. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 4 hours and then allowed to stand overnight.
- Cyclopentyl methyl ether 1000 mL was added to the aqueous layer, and the combined organic layer was washed with 25 w / v% aqueous sodium chloride solution (1000 mL) and then dried over sodium sulfate. Sodium sulfate was filtered off and concentrated under reduced pressure. N-Hexane (400 mL) was added to the residue and concentrated under reduced pressure. N-Hexane (400 mL) was further added to the residue, and the mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, dimethyl sulfoxide (500 mL) was added, and the mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure.
- Step 12 (R) -3- [4-((1R, 2R) -2-tert-butylcyclopropyl) -3-chloro-phenyl] -2-isopropyl-3-((S) -2-methyl-propane-2 -Sulfinylamino) -butanoic acid methyl ester
- 2M lithium diisopropylamide / tetrahydrofuran / n-heptane / ethylbenzene solution (740 mL) was mixed with tetrahydrofuran (786 mL).
- the aqueous layer was extracted with toluene (1048 mL).
- the combined organic layers were washed sequentially with 1N sulfuric acid (1309 mL), water (786 mL), 5 w / v% aqueous sodium bicarbonate (786 mL), and 25 w / v% aqueous sodium chloride (786 mL), and then dried over sodium sulfate.
- Sodium sulfate was filtered off and concentrated under reduced pressure.
- Toluene (262 mL) was added to the obtained residue, and the mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure to give the title compound (348 g) as a crude product.
- the reaction mixture was stirred for 2 hours while cooling at -78 ° C.
- the reaction solution was added to a solution obtained by mixing citric acid monohydrate (622 g) in water (2088 mL) under ice cooling at an internal temperature of 20 ° C. or lower. After stirring for 15 hours at room temperature, the layers were separated. The aqueous layer was extracted with toluene (1044 mL). The combined organic layers were washed successively with water (1740 mL) and 25 w / v% aqueous sodium chloride solution (1740 mL), and then dried over sodium sulfate. Sodium sulfate was removed by filtration, followed by concentration under reduced pressure to obtain the title compound (645 g) as a crude product.
- Step 16 3- ⁇ (S) -4- [4-((1R, 2R) -2-tert-butyl-cyclopropyl) -3-chloro-phenyl] -5-isopropyl-4-methyl-2-oxo-3, 4-Dihydro-2H-pyrimidin-1-yl ⁇ -bicyclo [1.1.1] pentane-1-carboxylic acid methyl ester Under a nitrogen gas stream, (diacetoxyiodo) benzene (111 g) and 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (2.44 g) were mixed with acetic acid (632 mL), and at room temperature, 3- ⁇ 3-[(R) -1- [4-((1R, 2R) -2-tert-butylcyclopropyl) -3-chloro-phenyl] -2-hydroxymethyl-1,3-dimethyl-butyl] ureido ⁇ -Bicyclo [1.
- reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 17 hours, and trifluoroacetic acid (94 mL) was added dropwise for 9 minutes under water cooling.
- the reaction solution was stirred at room temperature for 3 hours and 30 minutes, and then 10% water / sodium sulfite aqueous solution (474 mL) was added under water cooling, followed by stirring for 45 minutes.
- n-Heptane (790 mL) was added and the layers were separated.
- the aqueous layer was extracted with n-heptane (474 mL).
- the combined organic layers were washed with water (790 mL, twice) and then dried over sodium sulfate. Sodium sulfate was filtered off and concentrated under reduced pressure.
- Aqueous sodium solution (376 mL) was added dropwise for 12 minutes.
- the reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3 hours, n-heptane (730 mL) was added, and the layers were separated.
- the aqueous layer was washed with n-heptane (730 mL).
- the aqueous layer was mixed with methyl tert-butyl ether (730 mL), 2N hydrochloric acid (584 mL) was added dropwise under ice cooling, and the layers were separated.
- the organic layer was washed with water (438 mL, twice) and then dried over sodium sulfate. Sodium sulfate was filtered off and concentrated under reduced pressure.
- reaction mixture was stirred at -78 ° C for 2 hours and 25 minutes.
- Methanol (24.5 mL) was added to the reaction mixture while cooling at -78 ° C.
- Saturated (+)-potassium sodium tartrate aqueous solution 250 mL was added to the reaction mixture while cooling at -78 ° C., and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hr.
- the reaction mixture was separated, and the aqueous layer was extracted with toluene (300 mL).
- the combined organic layers were washed with saturated (+)-potassium sodium tartrate aqueous solution (200 mL), water (200 mL) and saturated brine (200 mL), and then dried over sodium sulfate.
- Step 6 3- ⁇ (S) -5-((S) -sec-butyl) -4- [4- (2-tert-butyl-cyclopropyl) -3-chloro-phenyl] -4-methyl-2-oxo- 3,4-Dihydro-2H-pyrimidin-1-yl ⁇ -bicyclo [1.1.1] pentane-1-carboxylic acid methyl ester 3-[(S) -4- (4-Bromo-3-chloro-phenyl) -5-((S) -sec-butyl) -4-methyl-2-oxo-3,4- under argon gas atmosphere Dihydro-2H-pyrimidin-1-yl] -bicyclo [1.1.1] pentane-1-carboxylic acid methyl ester (4.6 g), potassium trans-2-tert-butyl-cyclopropyl-trifluoroborate (2.4 g ), [1,1′-bis (di-tert-butyl-phosphin
- reaction solution was stirred for 3.5 hours under heating at 100 ° C.
- ammonium 1-pyrrolidinecarbodithioate (0.69 g) in a water bath, and the mixture was stirred for 50 minutes.
- ammonium 1-pyrrolidinecarbodithioate (0.69 g) at room temperature, and the mixture was further stirred for 20 minutes.
- the insoluble material was filtered through celite. The filtrate was separated and the aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate (twice). The combined organic layers were washed with saturated brine and dried over sodium sulfate. Sodium sulfate was removed by filtration, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure.
- Step 7 3- ⁇ (S) -5-((S) -sec-butyl) -4- [4-((1R, 2R) -2-tert-butyl-cyclopropyl) -3-chloro-phenyl] -4- Methyl-2-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrimidin-1-yl ⁇ -bicyclo [1.1.1] pentane-1-carboxylic acid 3- ⁇ (S) -5-((S) -sec-butyl) -4- [4- (2-tert-butyl-cyclopropyl) -3-chloro-phenyl] -4-methyl-2-oxo- 3,4-Dihydro-2H-pyrimidin-1-yl ⁇ -bicyclo [1.1.1] pentane-1-carboxylic acid methyl ester (0.287 g), tetrahydrofuran (2 mL) and methanol (2 mL) were mixed at room temperature.
- Powder X-ray diffraction method Measuring instrument: X'pert-PRO-MPD (Spectris) Measurement conditions: X-ray Cu / 45kV / 40mA, analyzed by transmission method Thermogravimetric differential thermal analysis: Measuring equipment: TGA / SDTA851 e / SF (manufactured by METTLER TOLEDO) Measurement conditions: Temperature rising rate 5 ° C / min Differential scanning calorimetry: Measuring instrument: Differential scanning calorimeter DSC Q2000 type (manufactured by TA Instruments Japan) Measurement conditions: Temperature rising rate 10 ° C / min
- Crystal form A XRD data as shown in FIG.
- the diffraction angle 2 ⁇ and diffraction intensity of each peak are as follows.
- DSC data shown in FIG. The enthalpy of the endothermic peak on the DSC curve was 68.5 J / g, the endothermic temperature was 195 ° C., and the extrapolation start temperature was 193 ° C.
- Crystalline form B XRD data as shown in FIG.
- the diffraction angle 2 ⁇ and diffraction intensity of each peak are as follows.
- DSC data as shown in FIG.
- the enthalpy of the endothermic peak on the DSC curve was 76.0 J / g
- the endothermic temperature was 230.2 ° C.
- the extrapolation start temperature was 229.6 ° C.
- Crystalline form C XRD data shown in FIG.
- the diffraction angle 2 ⁇ and diffraction intensity of each peak are as follows.
- DSC data as shown in FIG.
- Crystal form D XRD data shown in FIG.
- the diffraction angle 2 ⁇ and diffraction intensity of each peak are as follows.
- TG-DTA data shown in FIG.
- the weight reduction rate during dehydration was 3.6%. Since this value corresponds to the theoretical water content of the monohydrate of the title compound, the crystal form D was considered to be the monohydrate of the title compound.
- DSC data as shown in FIG. The enthalpy of the endothermic peak on the DSC curve was 118.4 J / g, the endothermic temperature was 128.0 ° C., and the extrapolation starting temperature was 118.9 ° C.
- E. Crystalline form E XRD data shown in FIG. The diffraction angle 2 ⁇ and diffraction intensity of each peak are as follows.
- TG-DTA data shown in FIG. The weight loss rate upon melting was 3.9%. Since this value corresponds to the theoretical water content of the monohydrate of the title compound, the crystal form E was considered to be the monohydrate of the title compound.
- DSC data as shown in FIG. The enthalpy of the endothermic peak on the DSC curve was 138.1 J / g, the endothermic temperature was 125.9 ° C., and the extrapolation starting temperature was 115.0 ° C.
- pFA-CMV vector Human and mouse ROR ⁇ LBD cDNAs were inserted into pFA-CMV vector (Agilent Technologies) which is a GAL4 DNA binding domain fusion protein expression vector.
- the constructed plasmids are referred to as pFA / hROR ⁇ plasmid and pFA / mROR ⁇ plasmid, respectively.
- the pFA / hROR ⁇ plasmid or the pFA / mROR ⁇ plasmid was transiently introduced into Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO cells) together with pG5-Luc (Promega), a reporter plasmid that expresses firefly luciferase in a GAL4-dependent manner.
- TransIT registered trademark CHO Transfection Kit (Mirus) was used for introduction of the plasmid into CHO cells.
- CHO cells were suspended in HAM F-12 Nutrient medium containing 10% (v / v) fetal calf serum and seeded in 5.5 ⁇ 10 6 cells in a flask for 225 cm 2 cell culture.
- 72 ⁇ L of TransIT®-CHO Reagent was added to 1.55 mL of Opti-MEM. This solution was mixed well and incubated at room temperature for 10 minutes.
- a plasmid solution containing 300 ng of pFA / hROR ⁇ plasmid, 12000 ng of pG5-Luc plasmid, and 11700 ng of pcDNA3.1 plasmid was added and gently mixed.
- a plasmid solution containing 300 ng of pFA / mROR ⁇ plasmid, 12000 ng of pG5-Luc plasmid, and 11700 ng of pcDNA3.1 plasmid was added instead. The mixture was incubated at room temperature for 10 minutes. 12 ⁇ L of CHO Mojo Reagent was added to each tube and mixed gently.
- DMSO dimethyl sulfoxide
- This solution was serially diluted with DMSO, and further diluted with a medium immediately before use, and added to cells at any 6 doses.
- the final DMSO concentration was 0.2% (v / v).
- the cells were cultured at 37 ° C. and 5% CO 2 for 2 days.
- the cell viability was measured using a luminescence method by CellTiter-Glo (Promega). Two days after the addition of the test substance, 40 ⁇ L of CellTiter-Glo was added to the 384-well plate. Ten minutes after the addition, the luminescence of each well was measured using a microplate reader.
- the cell viability after treatment with the test substance was expressed as% -of-control with the luminescence count of cells treated with 0.2% DMSO alone as 100%. If the cell viability was 70% or less, the test substance was judged to be cytotoxic.
- ROR ⁇ transcriptional activity was measured using SteadyLite HTS Reporter Gene Assay System (Perkin Elmer) with luciferase activity in cells as an indicator.
- StedyLite reagent was diluted 2.5 times with Extension buffer (10 mM Tricine, 0.2% (w / v) bovine serum albumin, 0.02% (v / v) Tween-20) to prepare a luciferase substrate solution.
- Metabolic stability in liver microsomes (1) Preparation of addition solution The addition solution was prepared by diluting a 10 mM DMSO solution of a test substance 100 times with acetonitrile. (2) Metabolic stability test using liver microsomes Liver microsomes of human and animal species using potassium phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) (SEKISUI XENOTECH; Human (H2610), Rat (R1000), Mouse (M1000), Monkey (P2000), Dog (D1000)) was prepared in the reaction system so as to be 0.2 mg / mL. Next, 1% of the prepared test substance addition solution was added to the reaction system.
- a NADPH production system (prepared by the method described in Non-Patent Document 28) was added to initiate metabolic reaction. At the given time, 0.1% acetonitrile formate / water (3: 1) was added to stop the reaction. (3) Analysis by LC / MS After stopping the reaction, the supernatant was measured with LC / MS (UPLC-SQD (waters)) after centrifugation (1400g, 20min), and the residual rate of unchanged product was calculated. .
- B. Metabolic stability in hepatocytes (1) Preparation of addition solution The addition solution was prepared by diluting a 10 mM DMSO solution of the test substance 20 times with acetonitrile.
- the medium in the 96-well plate was removed by suction with an aspirator, and the prepared compound-added medium was added.
- CellTiter-Fluor was added 48 hours after compound addition, and the cell viability was measured by fluorescence measurement after incubation in a CO 2 incubator for 1 hour. Further, ONE-Glo was added and incubated in a CO 2 incubator for 5 minutes, and then the reporter activity was measured by luminescence measurement. Based on the obtained reporter activity, the induction ratio was calculated by comparison with a DMSO control sample. The value of% of positive control was calculated by the following formula.
- Rat pharmacokinetic (PK) test and measurement of plasma concentration (1) Rat PK test Male rats (7-week-old) were administered a test substance (0.3 mg / kg) in DMSO (0.1 mL / kg) and given time (5, 10, 15, 30 min, 1, 2 , 4, 8, 25 hr). Plasma was collected by centrifuging the sample after blood collection (11000 g, 5 min). (2) Measurement of plasma concentration To the plasma sample obtained in (1), a double amount of acetonitrile / water mixture (9: 1) was added, followed by protein removal extraction.
- the dose was administered subcutaneously to the bilateral abdomen (day 1). 1 ⁇ g / mL pertussis toxin (PTX; List Biological Laboratories) was intraperitoneally administered at a dose of 200 ⁇ L / head (day 1 and 3). Blood collection was performed on day 8. Administration is 0.5 days (w / v) methylcellulose (MC) in the Normal group (normal mice) and Vehicle group (antigen-sensitized mice) once a day for 7 days (day 1-7) from the day of emulsion administration. To the compound administration group, 0.03 mg / mL or 0.1 mg / mL compound suspended in 0.5% (w / v) MC was orally administered at a dose of 10 mL / kg. After centrifuging blood, plasma IL-17 concentration was measured using Quantikine (registered trademark) Mouse IL-17 ELISA Kit (R & D systems, Inc.).
- the IL-17 concentrations in the Normal group and the Vehicle group were 0% and 100%, respectively, and the ratio (% of control) of the IL-17 concentration in the compound administration group was calculated by the following formula. Thereafter, the compound dose (ED 50 value) that decreases the IL-17 concentration by 50% was calculated by the following formula. The results are shown in the following table.
- Blood was collected 2 hours after administration of the cytokine solution.
- Administration 28 hours prior to cytokine solution administration 0.1 mg / mL compound suspended in 0.5% (w / v) methylcellulose (MC) in the vehicle group and 0.5% (w / v) MC in the compound administration group was administered orally once at a dose of 0.2 mL / head.
- plasma IL-17 concentration was measured using Quantikine (registered trademark) Mouse IL-17 ELISA Kit (R & D systems, Inc.).
- the IL-17 concentration of the vehicle group was set to 100%, and the ratio of the IL-17 concentration of the compound administration group to the vehicle group was calculated by the following formula. The results are shown in the following table.
- Examples of the preparation of the present invention include the following preparation formulation. However, the present invention is not limited by these formulation examples.
- Formulation Example 1 Production of capsules 1) 30 mg of the compound of Example 1 2) Microcrystalline cellulose 10mg 3) Lactose 19mg 4) Magnesium stearate 1mg Ingredients 1), 2), 3), and 4) are mixed and filled into gelatin capsules.
- Formulation Example 2 Manufacture of tablets 1) 10 g of the compound of Example 1 2) Lactose 50g 3) Corn starch 15g 4) Carmellose calcium 44g 5) Magnesium stearate 1g The total amount of components 1), 2), and 3) and 30 g of 4) are kneaded with water, and after vacuum drying, the particles are sized. 14 g of 4) and 1 g of 5) are mixed with the sized powder, and tableted with a tableting machine. In this way, 1000 tablets containing 10 mg of the compound of Example 1 per tablet are obtained.
- the compound of formula (1) or formula (2) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is an autoimmune disease, allergic disease, dry eye, fibrosis, cancer, metabolic disease, ischemia, cardiomyopathy, hypertension and teeth. It is expected to be useful for the treatment or prevention of perinatal disease.
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Abstract
Description
脂肪組織におけるRORγは脂肪生成の制御に関わっており、RORγの抑制によってインスリン抵抗性が改善される(非特許文献4)。脂肪組織は、代謝性疾患(肝脂肪症等)に関与していることが知られている。
また、IL-17やTh17細胞は、虚血、心筋症、高血圧及び歯周炎に関与することが知られている。
乾癬に関しては、臨床試験において、抗IL-17抗体投与による乾癬での有効性が報告されている(非特許文献7)。抗IL-17抗体は乾癬用途として上市されている(非特許文献8)。
炎症性腸疾患(クローン病、潰瘍性大腸炎等)に関しては、T細胞の移入によって誘発される大腸炎モデルにおいて、RORγ KOマウス由来T細胞の移入により、粘膜におけるIL-17の上昇が認められず、大腸炎の発症が抑制される(非特許文献9)。また、Th17細胞を活性化するIL-23に対する抗体(抗IL-23抗体)が臨床試験でクローン病において有効性を示したことが報告されている(非特許文献20)。
多発性硬化症に関しては、RORγ KOマウスにおいて、多発性硬化症の動物モデルであるマウス実験的自己免疫性脳脊髄炎モデルの病態が抑制される(非特許文献10)。また、抗IL-17A抗体が臨床試験で再発寛解型多発性硬化症においてMRI所見を改善したことが報告されている(非特許文献21)。
全身性エリテマトーデスに関しては、RORγt KOマウスで、抗IL-17抗体投与により糸球体腎炎の動物モデルであるGBM腎炎の発症抑制が認められている(非特許文献11)。SLEで合併する腎炎の発症もまた、抗IL-17抗体投与により抑制できる可能性がある(非特許文献12)。
強直性脊椎炎に関しては、抗IL-17抗体投与による強直性脊椎炎での有効性が報告されている(非特許文献13)。
ぶどう膜炎に関しては、ベーチェット病、サルコイドーシス及び原田病を疾患背景としたぶどう膜炎において抗IL-17抗体投与による有効性が報告されている(非特許文献7)。
リウマチ性多発性筋痛症に関しては、抗IL-17抗体について臨床試験が実施中である。
I型糖尿病に関しては、I型糖尿病モデルのNODマウスにおいて、抗IL-17抗体投与による病態進行の抑制が認められる(非特許文献14)。また、抗IL-17A抗体について臨床試験が実施中である(非特許文献22)。
移植片対宿主病に関しては、マウス移植モデルにおいて、生存率や宿主の拒絶反応がRORγ KOマウス由来の細胞を移入することにより改善されることが報告されている(非特許文献19)。
円形脱毛症に関しては、抗IL-17A抗体について臨床試験が実施中である(非特許文献25)。
白斑に関しては、患者の血清におけるIL-17の上昇や、病態組織におけるTh17細胞の上昇が認められる(非特許文献39)。
アレルギー性疾患(喘息等)に関しては、OVA感作モデルにおいて、RORγ KOマウスでは好酸球性肺炎症の減弱、CD4陽性リンパ球の減少、Th2サイトカイン/ケモカインレベルの減少が認められ、アレルギー反応が抑制される(非特許文献15)。抗IL-17A抗体についてアトピー性皮膚炎に対する臨床試験が実施中である(非特許文献23)。また、抗IL-23抗体について喘息に対する臨床試験が実施中である(非特許文献24)。
ドライアイに関しては、Th17細胞がドライアイの動物モデルにおいて増加していること、また抗IL-17抗体についてドライアイ患者を対象に臨床試験が実施中である(非特許文献16)。
線維症に関しては、肺線維症の動物モデルであるブレオマイシン肺線維症モデルにおいて、抗IL-17抗体投与で肺における炎症又は線維化の抑制及び動物の生存延長が認められる(非特許文献17)。
原発性胆汁性肝硬変については、Th17細胞が患者の病変部で増加しているとの報告があり、抗IL-23抗体の臨床試験が実施中である(非特許文献18)。
悪性黒色腫に関しては、抗IL-17抗体について臨床試験が実施中である(非特許文献26及び27)。
前立腺癌に関しては、Pten-nullマウスにおいて、抗IL-17抗体による微小侵襲性前立腺癌形成の減少が認められる(非特許文献33)。
インスリン抵抗性に関しては、RORγ KOマウスにおいて、高脂肪食負荷により誘導されるインスリン抵抗性が抑制される(非特許文献4)。
肝脂肪症に関しては、アルコール性肝疾患モデルにおいて、抗IL-17抗体による脂肪症の改善が病理組織上で認められる(非特許文献34)。
非アルコール性脂肪肝疾患に関しては、高脂肪食による非アルコール性脂肪肝疾患モデルにおいて、抗IL-17抗体による肝機能の改善、肝脂質蓄積の減弱、Kupffer細胞の活性化抑制及び炎症性サイトカインレベルの低下が認められている(非特許文献35)。
虚血及び心筋症に関しては、IL-17Aが心筋細胞アポトーシスと好中球浸潤を調節することによって心筋虚血/再潅流障害に寄与するとの報告がある。抗IL-17A抗体またはIL-17Aノックアウトによって、梗塞サイズの縮小および心機能の改善が見られ、虚血/再灌流損傷の改善が認められる(非特許文献36)。
高血圧に関しては、アンジオテンシンII投与による血圧上昇が、IL-17AやIL-17RAに対する抗体によって低下することが報告されている(非特許文献37)。
歯周炎に関しては、実験的歯周炎モデルにおいて、Th17細胞やIL-17の上昇が認められる。RORγアンタゴニストであるGSK805や抗IL-17A抗体によって、本モデルの骨量の減少が抑制される(非特許文献38)。
項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の化合物又はその製薬上許容される塩と製薬上許容される担体とを含む医薬組成物。
項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の化合物又はその製薬上許容される塩を含む、RORγアンタゴニスト。
項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の化合物又はその製薬上許容される塩を含む、自己免疫疾患、アレルギー性疾患、ドライアイ、線維症、癌、代謝性疾患、虚血、心筋症、高血圧及び歯周病からなる群より選択される疾患の治療剤又は予防剤。
治療上有効量の項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の化合物又はその製薬上許容される塩を哺乳動物に投与することを含む、RORγをアンタゴナイズする方法。
治療上有効量の項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の化合物又はその製薬上許容される塩を哺乳動物に投与することを含む、自己免疫疾患、アレルギー性疾患、ドライアイ、線維症、癌、代謝性疾患、虚血、心筋症、高血圧及び歯周病からなる群より選択される疾患を治療又は予防する方法。
RORγアンタゴニストを製造するための項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の化合物又はその製薬上許容される塩の使用。
自己免疫疾患、アレルギー性疾患、ドライアイ、線維症、癌、代謝性疾患、虚血、心筋症、高血圧及び歯周病からなる群より選択される疾患の治療剤又は予防剤を製造するための項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の化合物又はその製薬上許容される塩の使用。
RORγのアンタゴニストとして使用するための項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の化合物又はその製薬上許容される塩。
自己免疫疾患、アレルギー性疾患、ドライアイ、線維症、癌、代謝性疾患、虚血、心筋症、高血圧及び歯周病からなる群より選択される疾患の治療又は予防に使用するための項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の化合物又はその製薬上許容される塩。
項4に記載の医薬組成物と、当該医薬組成物を自己免疫疾患、アレルギー性疾患、ドライアイ、線維症、癌、代謝性疾患、虚血、心筋症、高血圧及び歯周病からなる群より選択される疾患の治療又は予防に使用できることを記載した当該医薬組成物に関する記載物とを含む商業パッケージ。
項4に記載の医薬組成物と、当該医薬組成物を自己免疫疾患、アレルギー性疾患、ドライアイ、線維症、癌、代謝性疾患、虚血、心筋症、高血圧及び歯周病からなる群より選択される疾患の治療又は予防に使用できることを記載した当該医薬組成物に関する記載物とを含むキット。
CuKα放射を使用して測定した回折角(2θ)において、7.4±0.2°、9.9±0.2°、10.5±0.2°、11.4±0.2°、11.6±0.2°、13.4±0.2°、14.2±0.2°、17.4±0.2°、18.3±0.2°、18.7±0.2°及び19.4±0.2°からなる群から選ばれる、任意の3個以上のピークを有する粉末X線回折パターンを示す、式(1)の化合物:
(a) Berge et al., J. Pharm. Sci., 66, p1-19 (1977);
(b) Stahl et al., "Handbook of Pharmaceutical Salts: Properties, Selection, and Use" (Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, Germany, 2002);
(c) Paulekuhn et al., J. Med. Chem., 50, p6665-6672 (2007)。
公知の方法に従って、化合物(1)又は化合物(2)と、無機酸、有機酸、無機塩基又は有機塩基とを反応させることにより、その製薬上許容される塩を各々得ることができる。
有機酸との塩としては、酢酸、アジピン酸、アルギン酸、4-アミノサリチル酸、アンヒドロメチレンクエン酸、安息香酸、ベンゼンスルホン酸、ショウノウ酸、カンファ-10-スルホン酸、炭酸、クエン酸、エデト酸、エタン-1,2-ジスルホン酸、ドデシル硫酸、エタンスルホン酸、フマル酸、グルコヘプトン酸、グルコン酸、グルクロン酸、グルコヘプトン酸、グリコリルアルサニル酸、ヒドロキシナフトエ酸、2-ヒドロキシ-1-エタンスルホン酸、乳酸、ラクトビオン酸、リンゴ酸、マレイン酸、マンデル酸、メタンスルホン酸、メチル硫酸、メチル硝酸、メチレンビス(サリチル酸)、ガラクタル酸、ナフタレン-2-スルホン酸、2-ナフトエ酸、1,5-ナフタレンジスルホン酸、オレイン酸、シュウ酸、パモ酸、パントテン酸、ペクチン酸、ピクリン酸、プロピオン酸、ポリガラクツロン酸、サリチル酸、ステアリン酸、コハク酸、タンニン酸、酒石酸、テオクル酸、チオシアン酸、トリフルオロ酢酸、p-トルエンスルホン酸、ウンデカン酸、アスパラギン酸又はグルタミン酸との塩が例示される。好ましくは、シュウ酸、マレイン酸、クエン酸、フマル酸、乳酸、リンゴ酸、コハク酸、酒石酸、酢酸、トリフルオロ酢酸、安息香酸、グルクロン酸、オレイン酸、パモ酸、メタンスルホン酸、ベンゼンスルホン酸、p-トルエンスルホン酸又は2-ヒドロキシ-1-エタンスルホン酸との塩が挙げられる。
有機塩基との塩としては、アレコリン、ベタイン、コリン、クレミゾール、エチレンジアミン、N-メチルグルカミン、N-ベンジルフェネチルアミン、トリス(ヒドロキシメチル)メチルアミン、アルギニン又はリジンとの塩が例示される。好ましくは、トリス(ヒドロキシメチル)メチルアミン、N-メチルグルカミン又はリジンとの塩が挙げられる。
「溶媒和物」とは、化合物(1)若しくは化合物(2)又はその製薬上許容される塩に、溶媒の分子が配位したものであり、水和物も包含される。溶媒和物は、製薬上許容される溶媒和物が好ましく、化合物(1)若しくは化合物(2)又はその製薬上許容される塩の水和物、エタノール和物、ジメチルスルホキシド和物等が挙げられる。
具体的には、化合物(1)又は化合物(2)の半水和物、1水和物、2水和物又は1エタノール和物、或いは化合物(1)又は化合物(2)の塩酸塩の1水和物又は2塩酸塩の2/3エタノール和物等が挙げられる。好ましくは、化合物(1)の1水和物が挙げられる。これらの溶媒和物は、公知の方法に従って得ることができる。
例えば、化合物(1)又は化合物(2)における任意の水素には、軽水素1H(H)、二重水素2H(D)、及び三重水素3H(T)が含まれる。
「RORγアンタゴニスト」とは、RORγの機能をアンタゴナイズする物質を意味し、好ましくはRORγの機能を特異的にアンタゴナイズする物質である。
「RORγ」とは、好ましくは「ヒトRORγ」である。
すなわち、化合物(1)若しくは化合物(2)又はその製薬上許容される塩は、自己免疫疾患、アレルギー性疾患、ドライアイ、線維症、癌、代謝性疾患、虚血、心筋症、高血圧及び歯周病からなる群より選択される疾患の治療又は予防に有用であることが期待される。
「アレルギー性疾患」とは、免疫反応が特定の抗原に対して過剰に起こる事象に由来する疾患であり、具体的には、アトピー性皮膚炎、アレルギー性鼻炎(花粉症等)、アレルギー性結膜炎、アレルギー性胃腸炎、喘息(気管支喘息、小児喘息等)、食物アレルギー、薬物アレルギー、蕁麻疹等が挙げられる。
「線維症」とは、線維性結合組織の増加した状態であり、具体的には、肺線維症、原発性胆汁性肝硬変等が挙げられる。
「癌」としては、具体的には、悪性黒色腫、前立腺癌等が挙げられる。
「代謝性疾患」とは、代謝回転の異常により引き起こされる疾患又は病因を構成する要素として代謝の異常を含む疾患であり、具体的には、糖尿病(I型糖尿病、II型糖尿病等)、肝脂肪症、非アルコール性脂肪肝疾患等が挙げられる。
本明細書において「予防」とは、症状の発症を抑制することを意味する。
(i) 高い代謝安定性(試験例2を参照);
(ii) 望ましい血漿中半減期(試験例5を参照)を含む有利な薬物動態プロファイル;
(iii) 例えばCYP3A4等の薬物代謝酵素に対する誘導能が小さいこと(試験例3を参照);
(iv) 望ましく高い溶解度(試験例4を参照);及び
(v)持続的且つ/又は強力な薬理作用(試験例6及び7を参照)。
(i) 薬理作用が持続するためにより低い頻度又は長い間隔での投与が可能となり、よって患者のコンプライアンスに良好な影響をもたらし、ひいては総合的な治療結果を改善する可能性があり;
(ii) CYP3A4等の薬物代謝酵素が誘導されにくいために、そのような酵素によって代謝される併用薬が代謝されにくくなる可能性があり、よって患者が複数の薬剤を同時に服用するのに本化合物はより適していてもよく;及び
(iii) 溶解度が高いために良好な経口バイオアベイラビリティを有していてもよく、よって、高い投与量においても用量依存的な血漿中濃度の上昇を示し且つ/又は吸収過程における個体差が小さい可能性がある。
各工程で得られる化合物は、必要に応じて、蒸留、再結晶、カラムクロマトグラフィー等の公知の方法で単離及び/又は精製することができるが、場合によっては、単離及び/又は精製せず次の工程に進むことができる。
本明細書において、室温とは、温度を制御していない状態の温度を指し、一つの態様として、1℃から40℃が挙げられる。
s:シングレット(singlet)
d:ダブレット(doublet)
t:トリプレット(triplet)
q:カルテット(quartet)
dd:ダブルダブレット(double doublet)
ddd:ダブルダブルダブレット(double double doublet)
brs:ブロードシングレット(broad singlet)
m:マルチプレット(multiplet)
J:カップリング定数(coupling constant)
3-{(S)-4-[4-((1R,2R)-2-tert-ブチル-シクロプロピル)-3-クロロ-フェニル]-5-イソプロピル-4-メチル-2-オキソ-3,4-ジヒドロ-2H-ピリミジン-1-イル}-ビシクロ[1.1.1]ペンタン-1-カルボン酸の合成
第1工程
(S)-2-メチル-プロパン-2-スルフィン酸[1-(4-ブロモ-3-クロロ-フェニル)-エト-(E)-イリデン]-アミド
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) 1.30 (s, 9H), 2.72 (s, 3H), 7.58 (dd, J=8.55, 2.08Hz, 1H), 7.66 (d, J=8.55Hz, 1H), 7.91 (d, J=2.08Hz, 1H)
(R)-3-(4-ブロモ-3-クロロ-フェニル)-2-イソプロピル-3-((S)-2-メチル-プロパン-2-スルフィニルアミノ)-ブチル酸 メチルエステル
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) 0.76 (d, J=6.94Hz, 1.2H), 0.93 (d, J=6.94Hz, 1.8H), 0.95 (d, J=6.94Hz, 1.8H), 1.00 (d, J=6.94Hz, 1.2H), 1.26 (s, 5.4H), 1.34 (s, 3.6H), 1.74-1.81 (m, 0.4H), 1.87 (s, 1.2H), 1.88 (s, 1.8H), 2.04-2.13 (m, 0.6H), 2.46 (d, J=3.93Hz, 0.4H), 2.80 (d, J=3.93Hz, 0.6H), 3.60 (s, 1.8H), 3.70 (s, 1.2H), 5.13 (s, 0.6H), 5.42 (s, 0.4H), 7.17-7.21 (m, 1H), 7.54-7.59 (m, 2H)
(S)-2-メチル-プロパン-2-スルフィン酸[(R)-1-(4-ブロモ-3-クロロ-フェニル)-2-ヒドロキシメチル-1,3-ジメチル-ブチル}アミド
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) 0.70 (d, J=6.94Hz, 1.8H), 0.76 (d, J=6.94Hz, 1.8H), 0.79 (d, J=6.94Hz, 1.2H), 0.83 (d, J=6.94Hz, 1.2H), 1.15 (s, 5.4H), 1.30 (s, 3.6H), 1.56-1.59 (m, 0.4H), 1.71-1.82 (m, 1H), 1.95 (s, 1.8H), 1.98 (s, 1.2H), 2.04-2.08 (m, 0.6H), 3.86-4.13 (m, 2H), 5.13 (s, 0.6H), 5.99 (s, 0.4H), 7.16-7.21 (m, 1H), 7.54-7.58 (m, 2H)
(R)-3-アミノ-3-(4-ブロモ-3-クロロ-フェニル)-2-イソプロピル-ブタン-1-オール
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) 0.69 (d, J=6.94Hz, 1.2H), 0.83 (d, J=6.94Hz, 1.8H), 0.85 (d, J=6.94Hz, 1.2H), 0.87 (d, J=6.94Hz, 1.8H), 1.36-1.47 (m, 0.6H), 1.59 (s, 1.2H), 1.60 (s, 1.8H), 1.64 (ddd, J=5.32, 3.24, 2.31Hz, 0.4H), 1.66-1.77 (m, 0.4H), 1.85 (ddd, J=8.79, 3.47, 2.31Hz, 0.6H), 3.69 (dd, J=11.33, 3.47Hz, 0.6H), 3.81 (dd, J=11.79, 5.32Hz, 0.4H), 3.91 (dd, J=11.33, 8.79Hz, 0.6H), 3.96 (dd, J=11.79, 3.47Hz, 0.4H), 7.18-7.20 (m, 1H), 7.50 (d, J=2.31Hz, 0.6H), 7.53 (d, J=2.31Hz, 0.4H), 7.58 (d, J=6.70Hz, 0.6H), 7.60 (d, J=6.70Hz, 0.4H)
3-{3-[(R)-1-(4-ブロモ-3-クロロ-フェニル)-2-ヒドロキシメチル-1,3-ジメチル-ブチル]ウレイド}-ビシクロ[1.1.1]ペンタン-1-カルボン酸 メチルエステル
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) 0.28 (d, J=6.94Hz, 1.2H), 0.79 (d, J=6.94Hz, 1.8H), 0.85 (d, J=6.94Hz, 1.8H), 0.92 (d, J=6.94Hz, 1.2H), 1.52-1.59 (m, 0.6H), 1.79-1.88 (m, 0.4H), 1.84 (s, 1.8H), 1.90 (s, 1.2H), 2.12-2.18 (m, 0.4H), 2.21-2.32 (m, 0.6H), 2.29 (s, 3.6H), 2.29 (s, 2.4H), 3.67 (s, 3H), 3.82-3.75 (m, 1.4H), 3.89 -3.94 (m, 0.6H), 4.61 (s, 0.6H), 4.70 (s, 0.4H), 6.92 (s, 0.4H), 7.04 (s, 0.6H), 7.13-7.16 (m, 1H), 7.44 (d, J=2.31Hz, 0.4H), 7.45 (d, J=2.08Hz, 0.6H), 7.53 (d, J=8.55Hz, 1H)
3-[(S)-4-(4-ブロモ-3-クロロ-フェニル)-5-イソプロピル-4-メチル-2-オキソ-3,4-ジヒドロ-2H-ピリミジン-1-イル]- ビシクロ[1.1.1]ペンタン-1-カルボン酸 メチルエステル
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) 0.72 (d, J=6.94Hz, 3H), 1.06 (d, J=6.94Hz, 3H), 1.70 (s, 3H), 1.81-1.92 (m, 1H), 2.47 (s, 6H), 3.71 (s, 3H), 4.69 (s, 1H), 5.85 (s, 1H), 7.20 (dd, J=8.32, 2.31Hz, 1H), 7.51 (d, J=2.31Hz, 1H), 7.58 (d, J=8.32Hz, 1H)
3-{(S)-4-[4-(2-tert-ブチル-シクロプロピル)-3-クロロ-フェニル]-5-イソプロピル-4-メチル-2-オキソ-3,4-ジヒドロ-2H-ピリミジン-1-イル}-ビシクロ[1.1.1]ペンタン-1-カルボン酸 メチルエステル
分取条件を以下に示す。
分取機器; リサイクル分取液体クロマトグラフ LC-92XX NEXT SERIES 日本分析工業株式会社
カラム; ダイセル CHIRALPAK IA 2.0cmφ×25cmL
移動相; n-ヘキサン:2-プロパノール=93:7
流速; 10.0mL/min
検出; UV(220nm)
キラルカラムを用いて分析したところ、得られた表題化合物の保持時間は8.3分(表題化合物のジアステレオマーの保持時間は7.6分)であり、このときの純度は>99%deであった。キラルカラムを用いた分析条件は、以下の通りである。
測定機器;HPLCシステム 島津製作所 高速液体クロマトグラフ prominence
カラム; ダイセル CHIRALPAK IA-3 0.46cmφ×15cmL
カラム温度; 40℃
移動相; n-ヘキサン:2-プロパノール=93:7
流速; 1.0mL/min
検出; UV(220nm)
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) 0.71 (d, J=7.09Hz, 3H), 0.77 -0.83 (m, 1H), 0.90-0.95 (m, 2H), 0.94 (s, 9H), 1.04 (d, J=7.09Hz, 3H), 1.68 (s, 3H), 1.85-1.92 (m, 1H), 2.07-2.12 (m, 1H), 2.48 (s, 6H), 3.71 (s, 3H), 4.56 (s, 1H), 5.83 (s, 1H), 6.86 (d, J=8.31 Hz, 1H), 7.22 (dd, J=8.31, 1.96Hz, 1H), 7.37 (d, J=1.96Hz, 1H)
3-{(S)-4-[4-((1R,2R)-2-tert-ブチル-シクロプロピル)-3-クロロ-フェニル]-5-イソプロピル-4-メチル-2-オキソ-3,4-ジヒドロ-2H-ピリミジン-1-イル}-ビシクロ[1.1.1]ペンタン-1-カルボン酸
得られた残渣とアセトニトリル(1000mL)を混合し,85℃加温下,1時間15分間撹拌した。その後,室温下,13時間15分間撹拌した後,固体を濾取することにより,表題化合物の結晶(結晶形A)(44.7g)を得た。
同様にして得られた表題化合物の結晶(29.7mg),酢酸エチル(297μL)及びメタノール(891μL)を混合した。固体を完溶させた後,ロータリーエバポレータを用いて溶媒を減圧濃縮することにより,表題化合物の別の結晶(結晶形B)を得た。
同様にして得られた上記の2種類の結晶(各々10.0mg)と酢酸イソブチル(80μL)を混合し,室温下,1週間スラリー撹拌した後,固体を濾取することにより,表題化合物の更に別の結晶(結晶形C)を得、下記の種晶として用いた。
上記と同様の反応により得られた粗結晶(2.00g)と酢酸イソブチル(10mL)を混合し,90℃下,撹拌した。粗結晶が完溶した後,内温47℃にて種晶を接種し,1時間撹拌した。内温45℃付近にて反応液へn-ヘプタン(30mL)を加え,2時間撹拌した。室温下,24時間撹拌した。析出した固体を濾取することにより,表題化合物(結晶形C)(1.7g)を得た。
1H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-D6) 0.71 (d, J=6.94Hz, 3H), 0.86-0.94 (m, 3H), 0.90 (s, 9H), 1.04 (d, J=6.94Hz, 3H), 1.60 (s, 3H), 1.93-2.04 (m, 2H), 2.29 (s, 6H), 5.97 (s, 1H), 6.99 (d, J=7.86Hz, 1H), 7.06 (s, 1H), 7.21 (dd, J=7.86, 1.85Hz, 1H), 7.32 (d, J=1.85Hz, 1H), 12.44 (s, 1H)
表題化合物における不斉炭素の絶対立体配置は,単結晶X線構造解析に付することにより確認した。
カリウム trans-2-tert-ブチル-シクロプロピル-トリフルオロホウ酸塩
1H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-D6) -0.94 - -0.87 (m, 1H), -0.26 - -0.23 (m, 2H), 0.25-0.30 (m, 1H), 0.73 (s, 9H)
3-{(S)-4-[4-((1R,2R)-2-tert-ブチル-シクロプロピル)-3-クロロ-フェニル]-5-イソプロピル-4-メチル-2-オキソ-3,4-ジヒドロ-2H-ピリミジン-1-イル}-ビシクロ[1.1.1]ペンタン-1-カルボン酸の別法による合成
第1工程
(4S,5S)-2-((E)-3,3-ジメチル-1-ブテニル)-[1,3,2]ジオキサボロラン-4,5-ジカルボン酸 ビスジメチルアミド
有機層とトルエン(1581mL)を混合し,L-酒石酸-N,N,N',N'-テトラメチルアミド(562g)を加えた。反応液を130℃加温下,2時間撹拌した。有機層を分層し,減圧濃縮した。濃縮途中に析出した固体を濾別し,濾液を減圧濃縮することにより,表題化合物(599g)を粗生成物として得た。
1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-D6) 1.00 (s, 9H), 2.87 (s, 6H), 3.06 (s, 6H), 5.30 (d, J=18.24Hz, 1H), 5.44 (s, 2H), 6.64 (d, J=18.24Hz, 1H)
(1R,2R)-2-tert-ブチルシクロプロピルボロン酸
得られた粗生成物(82.6g)を8N 水酸化カリウム水溶液(87mL)と水(150mL)に混合した。反応液を氷冷下,6N 塩酸(117mL)に1時間滴下した。氷冷下,反応液を1時間撹拌した。析出した固体を濾取することにより,表題化合物(68.8g)を得た。
1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-D6) -0.46 (td, J=5.98, 9.27Hz, 1H), 0.30 - 0.37 (m, 2H), 0.70 - 0.82 (m, 1H), 0.79 (s, 9H), 12.94 (br s, 2H)
4-((1R,2R)-2-tert-ブチルシクロプロピル)-3-クロロ安息香酸 メチルエステル
1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-D6) 0.91 (s, 9H), 1.02 - 1.07 (m, 3H), 2.13 (td, J=8.07, 5.68Hz, 1H), 3.84 (s, 3H), 7.15 (d, J=8.37Hz, 1H), 7.79 (dd, J=8.37, 1.79Hz, 1H), 7.89 (d, J=1.79Hz, 1H)
4-((1R,2R)-2-tert-ブチルシクロプロピル)-3-クロロ安息香酸
1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-D6) 0.92 (s, 9H), 1.00 - 1.06 (m, 3H), 2.10 - 2.15 (m, 1H), 7.12 (d, J=7.77Hz, 1H), 7.77 (d, J=7.77Hz, 1H), 7.87 (s, 1H), 13.11 (br s, 1H)
4-((1R,2R)-2-tert-ブチルシクロプロピル)-3-クロロ安息香酸
1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-D6) 0.92 (s, 9H), 1.00 - 1.06 (m, 3H), 2.10 - 2.15 (m, 1H), 7.12 (d, J=7.77Hz, 1H), 7.77 (d, J=7.77Hz, 1H), 7.87 (s, 1H), 13.11 (br s, 1H)
4-((1R,2R)-2-tert-ブチルシクロプロピル)-3-クロロ安息香酸 (S)-フェネチルアミン塩
1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-D6) 0.91 (s, 9H), 0.94 - 1.00 (m, 3H), 1.41 (d, J=6.58Hz, 3H), 2.05 - 2.09 (m, 1H), 4.25 (q, J=6.58Hz, 1H), 6.98 (d, J=8.07Hz, 1H), 7.27 - 7.30 (m, 1H), 7.35 - 7.38 (m, 2H), 7.45 - 7.47 (m, 2H), 7.70 (d, J=8.07Hz, 1H), 7.81 (s, 1H)
4-((1R,2R)-2-tert-ブチルシクロプロピル)-3-クロロ安息香酸 (S)-フェネチルアミン塩
1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-D6) 0.91 (s, 9H), 0.94 - 1.00 (m, 3H), 1.41 (d, J=6.58Hz, 3H), 2.05 - 2.09 (m, 1H), 4.25 (q, J=6.58Hz, 1H), 6.98 (d, J=8.07Hz, 1H), 7.27 - 7.30 (m, 1H), 7.35 - 7.38 (m, 2H), 7.45 - 7.47 (m, 2H), 7.70 (d, J=8.07Hz, 1H), 7.81 (s, 1H)
4-((1R,2R)-2-tert-ブチルシクロプロピル)-3-クロロ安息香酸
1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-D6) 0.92 (s, 9H), 1.00 - 1.06 (m, 3H), 2.10 - 2.15 (m, 1H), 7.12 (d, J=7.77Hz, 1H), 7.77 (d, J=7.77Hz, 1H), 7.87 (s, 1H), 13.11 (br s, 1H)
4-((1R,2R)-2-tert-ブチルシクロプロピル)-3-クロロ-N-メトキシ-N-メチルベンズアミド
1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-D6) 0.92 (s, 9H), 0.95 - 1.04 (m, 3H), 2.07 - 2.12 (m, 1H), 3.25 (s, 3H), 3.55 (s, 3H), 7.08 (d, J=7.77Hz, 1H), 7.48 (d, J=7.77Hz, 1H), 7.61 (s, 1H)
1-[4-((1R,2R)-2-tert-ブチルシクロプロピル)-3-クロロ-フェニル]エタノン
1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-D6) 0.92 (s, 9H), 1.02 - 1.07 (m, 3H), 2.11 - 2.16 (m, 1H), 2.55 (s, 3H), 7.14 (d, J=8.07Hz, 1H), 7.79 (d, J=8.07Hz, 1H), 7.92 (s, 1H)
(S)-2-メチル-プロパン-2-スルフィン酸{1-[4-((1R,2R)-2-tert-ブチルシクロプロピル)-3-クロロ-フェニル]-エト-(E)-イリデン}-アミド
1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-D6) 0.91 (s, 9H), 1.01 - 1.05 (m, 3H), 1.21 (s, 9H), 2.12 (td, J=7.63, 5.78Hz, 1H), 2.69 (s, 3H), 7.11 (d, J=8.55Hz, 1H), 7.75 (dd, J=8.55, 1.62Hz, 1H), 7.87 (d, J=1.62Hz, 1H)
(R)-3-[4-((1R,2R)-2-tert-ブチルシクロプロピル)-3-クロロ-フェニル]-2-イソプロピル-3-((S)-2-メチル-プロパン-2-スルフィニルアミノ)-ブタン酸 メチルエステル
1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-D6) 0.76 - 0.92 (m, 18H), 1.15 (s, 6.3H), 1.20 (s, 2.7H), 1.75 (s, 0.9H), 1.76 (s, 2.1H), 1.93 - 2.04 (m, 2H), 2.68 (d, J=3.59Hz, 0.3H), 2.93 (d, J=3.89Hz, 0.7H), 3.52 (s, 2.1H), 3.58 (s, 0.9H), 5.15 (s, 0.7H), 5.44 (s, 0.3H), 6.97 (d, J=8.37Hz, 0.7H), 6.98 (d, J=8.37Hz, 0.3H), 7.31 (d, J=8.37Hz, 1H), 7.46 (s, 0.7H), 7.49 (s, 0.3H)
(S)-2-メチル-プロパン-2-スルフィン酸[(R)-1-[4-((1R,2R)-2-tert-ブチルシクロプロピル)-3-クロロ-フェニル]-2-ヒドロキシメチル-1,3-ジメチル-ブチル}アミド
1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-D6) 0.65 (d, J=7.09Hz, 2.1H), 0.68 - 0.71 (m, 3H), 0.75 (d, J=7.09Hz, 0.9H), 0.82 - 0.95 (m, 12H), 1.05 (s, 6.3H), 1.18 (s, 2.7H), 1.73 (s, 2.1H), 1.79 (s, 0.9H), 1.84 - 1.88 (m, 0.7H), 1.99 - 2.05 (m, 1.3H), 3.65 - 3.80 (m, 2H), 5.14 (t, J=3.55Hz, 0.3H), 5.50 (t, J=3.91Hz, 0.7H), 6.03 (s, 0.3H), 6.56 (s, 0.7H), 6.93 - 6.99 (m, 1H), 7.28 - 7.34 (m, 1H), 7.38 (d, J=1.96Hz, 0.7H), 7.43 (d, J=1.71Hz, 0.3H)
(R)-3-アミノ-3-[4-((1R,2R)-2-tert-ブチルシクロプロピル)-3-クロロ-フェニル]-2-イソプロピル-ブタン-1-オール 塩酸塩
1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-D6) 0.64 (d, J=6.88Hz, 0.9H), 0.67 (d, J=6.88Hz, 2.1H), 0.78 (d, J=6.88Hz, 2.1H), 0.91 (s, 9H), 0.94 - 0.98 (m, 3H), 1.03 (d, J=6.88 Hz, 0.9H), 1.33 - 1.40 (m, 0.7H), 1.66 (s, 0.9H), 1.68 (s, 2.1H), 1.92 - 2.08 (m, 2.3H), 3.31 - 3.35 (m, 0.3H), 3.50 - 3.55 (m, 0.3H), 3.56 - 3.77 (m, 1.4H), 5.14 (br s, 0.3H), 5.29 (br s, 0.7H), 7.06 (d, J=8.37Hz, 0.3H), 7.08 (d, J=8.37Hz, 0.7H), 7.43 (d, J=8.37Hz, 0.3H), 7.49 (d, J=8.37Hz, 0.7H), 7.60 (s, 1H), 8.31 (br s, 2.1H), 8.49 (br s, 0.9H)
3-{3-[(R)-1-[4-((1R,2R)-2-tert-ブチルシクロプロピル)-3-クロロ-フェニル]-2-ヒドロキシメチル-1,3-ジメチル-ブチル]ウレイド}-ビシクロ[1.1.1]ペンタン-1-カルボン酸 メチルエステル
1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) 0.27 (d, J=6.94Hz, 0.9H), 0.73 - 0.79 (m, 1H), 0.82 (d, J=6.94Hz, 2.1H), 0.86 - 0.99 (m, 2.9H), 0.89 (d, J=6.94Hz, 2.1H), 0.93 (s, 2.7H), 0.94 (s, 6.3H), 1.49 - 1.55 (m, 1H), 1.84 (s, 2.1H), 1.89 (s, 0.9H), 2.07 (dt, J=8.79, 5.09Hz, 1H), 2.27 (s, 4.2H), 2.28 (s, 1.8H), 2.36 - 2.29 (m, 1H), 3.66 (s, 2.1H), 3.69 (s, 0.9H), 3.73 - 3.82 (m, 1.3H), 3.91 (dd, J=10.98, 7.51Hz, 0.7H), 4.52 (s, 0.7H), 4.59 (s, 0.3H), 6.71 (s, 0.3H), 6.82 - 6.85 (m, 1H), 6.92 (s, 0.7H), 7.14 - 7.18 (m, 1H), 7.30 - 7.31 (m, 1H)
3-{(S)-4-[4-((1R,2R)-2-tert-ブチル-シクロプロピル)-3-クロロ-フェニル]-5-イソプロピル-4-メチル-2-オキソ-3,4-ジヒドロ-2H-ピリミジン-1-イル}-ビシクロ[1.1.1]ペンタン-1-カルボン酸メチルエステル
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) 0.71 (d, J=7.09Hz, 3H), 0.77 - 0.83 (m, 1H), 0.90 - 0.95 (m, 2H), 0.94 (s, 9H), 1.04 (d, J=7.09Hz, 3H), 1.68 (s, 3H), 1.85 - 1.92 (m, 1H), 2.07 - 2.12 (m, 1H), 2.48 (s, 6H), 3.71 (s, 3H), 4.56 (s, 1H), 5.83 (s, 1H), 6.86 (d, J=8.31 Hz, 1H), 7.22 (dd, J=8.31, 1.96Hz, 1H), 7.37 (d, J=1.96Hz, 1H)
3-{(S)-4-[4-((1R,2R)-2-tert-ブチル-シクロプロピル)-3-クロロ-フェニル]-5-イソプロピル-4-メチル-2-オキソ-3,4-ジヒドロ-2H-ピリミジン-1-イル}-ビシクロ[1.1.1]ペンタン-1-カルボン酸
窒素ガス気流下,得られた粗生成物をアセトニトリル(2127mL)に混合し,90℃加温下,6時間撹拌した。反応液を室温まで徐冷しながら17時間撹拌した後,析出した固体を濾取することにより,表題化合物の結晶形A(110g)を得た。
得られた粗結晶を酢酸イソブチル(659mL)に混合し,105℃加温下,撹拌した。粗結晶が完溶した後,熱時濾過し,酢酸イソブチル(200mL)で洗浄し,濾液を105℃加温下,析出した固体が完溶するまで撹拌した。反応液を50℃加温下,徐冷しながら3時間撹拌した後,種晶を接種した。反応液を45℃加温下,徐冷しながら1時間50分撹拌した。反応液へ55℃加温下,n-ヘプタン(2601mL)を56分間滴下した後,2時間撹拌した。反応液を室温まで徐冷しながら18時間撹拌した後,析出した固体を濾取することにより,表題化合物の結晶形C(153g)を得た。
1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-D6) 0.71 (d, J=6.94Hz, 3H), 0.86 - 0.94 (m, 3H), 0.90 (s, 9H), 1.04 (d, J=6.94Hz, 3H), 1.60 (s, 3H), 1.93 - 2.04 (m, 2H), 2.29 (s, 6H), 5.97 (s, 1H), 6.99 (d, J=7.86Hz, 1H), 7.06 (s, 1H), 7.21 (dd, J=7.86, 1.85Hz, 1H), 7.32 (d, J=1.85Hz, 1H), 12.44 (s, 1H)
3-{(S)-4-[4-((1R,2R)-2-tert-ブチル-シクロプロピル)-3-クロロ-フェニル]-5-イソプロピル-4-メチル-2-オキソ-3,4-ジヒドロ-2H-ピリミジン-1-イル}-ビシクロ[1.1.1]ペンタン-1-カルボン酸(50.0mg)をトルエン(0.1mL)とn-ヘプタン(0.1mL)に混合し,80℃加温下,固体が完溶するまで撹拌した。種晶を接種し,反応液を室温まで徐冷しながら6時間撹拌した後,析出した固体を濾取することにより,表題化合物の結晶形B(45.0mg)を得た。
3-{(S)-4-[4-((1R,2R)-2-tert-ブチル-シクロプロピル)-3-クロロ-フェニル]-5-イソプロピル-4-メチル-2-オキソ-3,4-ジヒドロ-2H-ピリミジン-1-イル}-ビシクロ[1.1.1]ペンタン-1-カルボン酸(9.71g)をアセトン(87.5mL)と水(29mL)に混合し,70℃加温下,固体が完溶するまで2時間撹拌した。反応液を42.5℃加温下,徐冷しながら2時間撹拌した。反応液を室温まで徐冷しながら15時間撹拌した後,析出した固体を濾取することにより,表題化合物の結晶形D(7.52g)を得た。
表題化合物の結晶(結晶形D)(50.0mg)をアセトン(0.375mL)と水(0.125mL)に混合し,58℃加温下,固体が完溶するまで攪拌した。反応液を室温まで冷却しながら8日間撹拌した後,固体を濾取することにより,表題化合物の更に別の結晶(結晶形E)(18.6mg)を得、種晶として用いた。
3-{(S)-4-[4-((1R,2R)-2-tert-ブチル-シクロプロピル)-3-クロロ-フェニル]-5-イソプロピル-4-メチル-2-オキソ-3,4-ジヒドロ-2H-ピリミジン-1-イル}-ビシクロ[1.1.1]ペンタン-1-カルボン酸(500mg)をアセトン(3.6mL)と水(0.9mL)に混合し,70℃加温下,固体が完溶するまで撹拌した。50℃加温下,反応液に種晶を接種し、1時間撹拌した。50℃加温下,水(3mL)を加え,2時間撹拌した。反応液を室温まで徐冷しながら3時間撹拌した後,析出した固体を濾取することにより,表題化合物の結晶形E(483mg)を得た。
3-{(S)-5-((S)-sec-ブチル)-4-[4-(2-tert-ブチル-シクロプロピル)-3-クロロ-フェニル]-4-メチル-2-オキソ-3,4-ジヒドロ-2H-ピリミジン-1-イル}-ビシクロ[1.1.1]ペンタン-1-カルボン酸の合成
第1工程
(S)-2-[(R)-1-(4-ブロモ-3-クロロ-フェニル)-1-((S)-2-メチル-プロパン-2-スルフィニルアミノ)-エチル]-3-メチルペンタン酸 エチルエステル
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) 0.66 (t, J=7.17Hz, 2.4H), 0.87 (t, J=7.17Hz, 0.6H), 0.92 (d, J=6.94Hz, 0.6H), 1.00 (d, J=6.94Hz, 2.4H), 1.05-1.13 (m, 1.6H), 1.19 (t, J=7.17Hz, 0.6H), 1.24 (s, 1.8H), 1.27 (t, J=7.17Hz, 2.4H), 1.32-1.35 (m, 7.6H), 1.42-1.52 (m, 0.8H), 1.67-1.73 (m, 0.2H), 1.88 (s, 0.6H), 1.90 (s, 2.4H), 2.52 (d, J=3.01Hz, 0.8H), 2.82 (d, J=3.70Hz, 0.2H), 4.07 (q, J=7.17Hz, 0.4H), 4.18 (q, J=7.17Hz, 1.6H), 5.04 (s, 0.2H), 5.49 (s, 0.8H), 7.18-7.21 (m, 1H), 7.55-7.59 (m, 2H)
(S)-2-メチル-プロパン-2-スルフィン酸[(1R,3S)-1-(4-ブロモ-3-クロロ-フェニル)-2-ヒドロキシメチル-1,3-ジメチル-ペンチル}アミド
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) 0.67-0.95 (m, 6H), 1.14 (s, 3.6H), 1.20-1.27 (m, 2H), 1.29 (s, 5.4H), 1.35-1.50 (m, 1H), 1.80-1.82 (m, 0.6H), 1.92 (s, 1.2H), 1.94 (s, 1.8H), 2.02-2.05 (m, 0.4H), 2.73-2.80 (m, 0.6H), 3.18-3.26 (m, 0.4H), 3.78-4.08 (m, 2H), 5.35 (s, 0.6H), 6.23 (s, 0.4H), 7.16-7.20 (m, 1H), 7.52-7.62 (m, 2H)
(S)-2-[(R)-1-アミノ-1-(4-ブロモ-3-クロロ-フェニル)-エチル]-3-メチル-ペンタン-1-オール
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) 0.55 (d, J=6.94Hz, 1.8H), 0.75 (t, J=7.28Hz, 1.2H), 0.79 (t, J=7.17Hz, 1.8H), 0.84 (d, J=7.51Hz, 1.2H), 0.86-1.07 (m, 1H), 1.20-1.29 (m, 1H), 1.35-1.45 (m, 1H), 1.59 (s, 1.2H), 1.62 (s, 1.8H), 1.72-1.74 (m, 0.6H), 1.87-1.90 (m, 0.4H), 3.69 (dd, J=12.02, 3.47Hz, 0.4H), 3.75 (dd, J=11.56, 6.24Hz, 0.6H), 3.85 (dd, J=12.02, 3.47Hz, 0.6H), 3.92 (dd, J=11.56, 8.90Hz, 0.4H), 7.18 (dd, J=8.55, 2.31Hz, 0.4H), 7.22 (dd, J=8.55, 2.31Hz, 0.6H), 7.50 (d, J=2.31Hz, 0.4H), 7.56 (d, J=2.31Hz, 0.6H), 7.59 (d, J=8.55Hz, 0.6H), 7.60 (d, J=8.55Hz, 0.4H)
3-{3-[(1R,3S)-1-(4-ブロモ-3-クロロ-フェニル)-2-ヒドロキシメチル-1,3-ジメチル-ペンチル]ウレイド}-ビシクロ[1.1.1]ペンタン-1-カルボン酸 メチルエステル
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) 0.18 (d, J=6.94Hz, 1.8H), 0.76 (d, J=6.94Hz, 1.2H), 0.80 (t, J=7.17Hz, 1.2H), 0.87 (t, J=7.17Hz, 1.8H), 1.23-1.28 (m, 1H), 1.48-1.77 (m, 3H), 1.84 (s, 1.2H), 1.91 (s, 1.8H), 2.29 (s, 2.4H), 2.29 (s, 3.6H), 3.67 (s, 3H), 3.67-3.70 (m, 0.6H), 3.77-3.85 (m, 1H), 3.97 (dd, J=11.33, 8.32Hz, 0.4H), 4.60 (brs, 1H), 7.09-7.16 (m, 1H), 7.40-7.46 (m, 1H), 7.53 (d, J=8.32Hz, 1H)
3-[(S)-4-(4-ブロモ-3-クロロ-フェニル)-5-((S)-sec-ブチル)-4-メチル-2-オキソ-3,4-ジヒドロ-2H-ピリミジン-1-イル]-ビシクロ[1.1.1]ペンタン-1-カルボン酸 メチルエステル
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) 0.64 (d, J=6.70Hz, 3H), 0.86 (t, J=7.28Hz, 3H), 1.25-1.36 (m, 1H), 1.40-1.51 (m, 1H), 1.53-1.63 (m, 1H), 1.67 (s, 3H), 2.47 (s, 6H), 3.71 (s, 3H), 4.61 (s, 1H), 5.77 (s, 1H), 7.21 (dd, J=8.44, 2.31Hz, 1H), 7.52 (d, J=2.31Hz, 1H), 7.58 (d, J=8.44Hz, 1H)
3-{(S)-5-((S)-sec-ブチル)-4-[4-(2-tert-ブチル-シクロプロピル)-3-クロロ-フェニル]-4-メチル-2-オキソ-3,4-ジヒドロ-2H-ピリミジン-1-イル}-ビシクロ[1.1.1]ペンタン-1-カルボン酸 メチルエステル
分取条件を以下に示す。
分取機器; リサイクル分取液体クロマトグラフ LC-9225 NEXT SERIES 日本分析工業株式会社
カラム; ダイセル CHIRALPAK IA 2.0cmφ×25cm
移動相; ヘキサン:2-プロパノール=93:7
流速; 10.0mL/min
検出; UV(220nm)
キラルカラムを用いて分析したところ、得られた表題化合物の保持時間は10.0分(表題化合物のジアステレオマーの保持時間は9.4分)であり、このときの純度は99.0%deであった。キラルカラムを用いた分析条件は、以下の通りである。
測定機器;HPLCシステム 島津製作所 高速液体クロマトグラフ prominence
カラム; ダイセル CHIRALPAK IA-3 0.46cmφ×15cm
カラム温度; 40℃
移動相; ヘキサン:2-プロパノール=95:5
流速; 1.0mL/min
検出; UV(220nm)
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) 0.63 (d, J=6.70Hz, 3H), 0.83-0.77 (m, 1H), 0.85 (t, J=7.28Hz, 3H), 0.88-0.94 (m, 11H), 1.25-1.34 (m, 1H), 1.41-1.50 (m, 1H), 1.58-1.63 (m, 1H), 1.66 (s, 3H), 2.08-2.12 (m, 1H), 2.47 (s, 6H), 3.71 (s, 3H), 4.55 (s, 1H), 5.75 (s, 1H), 6.86 (d, J=8.09Hz, 1H), 7.24 (dd, J=8.09, 2.08Hz, 1H), 7.37 (d, J=2.08Hz, 1H)
3-{(S)-5-((S)-sec-ブチル)-4-[4-((1R,2R)-2-tert-ブチル-シクロプロピル)-3-クロロ-フェニル]-4-メチル-2-オキソ-3,4-ジヒドロ-2H-ピリミジン-1-イル}-ビシクロ[1.1.1]ペンタン-1-カルボン酸
1H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-D6) 0.61 (d, J=6.70Hz, 3H), 0.81 (t, J=7.40Hz, 3H), 0.86-0.91 (m, 12H), 1.22-1.32 (m, 1H), 1.39-1.49 (m, 1H), 1.56 (s, 3H), 1.63-1.71 (m, 1H), 1.98-2.04 (m, 1H), 2.27 (s, 6H), 5.87 (s, 1H), 6.98 (d, J=8.20Hz, 1H), 7.04 (s, 1H), 7.20 (dd, J=8.21, 2.20Hz, 1H), 7.30 (d, J=2.20Hz, 1H), 12.42 (brs, 1H)
表題化合物における不斉炭素の絶対立体配置は,単結晶X線構造解析に付することにより確認した。
3-{(S)-4-[4-((1R,2R)-2-tert-ブチル-シクロプロピル)-3-クロロ-フェニル]-5-イソプロピル-4-メチル-2-オキソ-3,4-ジヒドロ-2H-ピリミジン-1-イル}-ビシクロ[1.1.1]ペンタン-1-カルボン酸の結晶多形
表題化合物の結晶形A~Eについて、粉末X線回折測定(XRD)、熱重量示差熱分析(TG-DTA)及び示差走査熱量測定(DSC)を行った。各測定法の測定装置及び測定条件を以下に示す。
粉末X線回折法:
測定機器:X’pert-PRO-MPD(スペクトリス社製)
測定条件:X線 Cu/45kV/40mA、透過法にて分析
熱重量示差熱分析:
測定機器:TGA/SDTA851e/SF(メトラー・トレド社製)
測定条件:昇温速度5℃/分
示差走査熱量測定:
測定機器:示差走査熱量測定装置 DSC Q2000型(ティー・エイ・インスツメント・ジャパン社製)
測定条件:昇温速度10℃/分
A. 結晶形A
XRDデータ:図1に示す。各ピークの回折角2θ及び回折強度は以下のとおりである。
DSCデータ:図2に示す。DSC曲線上の吸熱ピークのエンタルピーは、68.5J/gであり、吸熱温度は、195℃であり、補外開始温度は、193℃であった。
XRDデータ:図3に示す。各ピークの回折角2θ及び回折強度は以下のとおりである。
DSCデータ:図4に示す。DSC曲線上の吸熱ピークのエンタルピーは、76.0J/gであり、吸熱温度は、230.2℃であり、補外開始温度は、229.6℃であった。
XRDデータ:図7に示す。各ピークの回折角2θ及び回折強度は以下のとおりである。
TG-DTAデータ:図8に示す。脱水時の重量減少率は、3.6%であった。この数値は表題化合物の1水和物の理論水分量に相当することから、結晶形Dは表題化合物の1水和物であると考えられた。
DSCデータ:図9に示す。DSC曲線上の吸熱ピークのエンタルピーは、118.4J/gであり、吸熱温度は、128.0℃であり、補外開始温度は、118.9℃であった。
XRDデータ:図10に示す。各ピークの回折角2θ及び回折強度は以下のとおりである。
TG-DTAデータ:図11に示す。融解時の重量減少率は、3.9%であった。この数値は表題化合物の1水和物の理論水分量に相当することから、結晶形Eは表題化合物の1水和物であると考えられた。
DSCデータ:図12に示す。DSC曲線上の吸熱ピークのエンタルピーは、138.1J/gであり、吸熱温度は、125.9℃であり、補外開始温度は、115.0℃であった。
インビトロにおけるRORγ転写活性阻害測定
被験物質のRORγ転写活性阻害作用は、以下のレポータージーンアッセイを用いて評価した。
ヒトRORγ(ジーンバンク(Genbank)登録番号NM_005060.3)、並びにマウスRORγ(ジーンバンク(Genbank)登録番号NM_011281.2)の配列情報を基に、ヒトおよびマウスRORγのリガンド結合部位(Ligand Binding Domain(LBD))に当たるcDNAを取得した(LBD配列:ヒトRORγの場合、253番目セリン残基から518番目リジン残基まで;マウスRORγの場合、251番目イソロイシン残基から516番目リジン残基まで)。
ヒトおよびマウスRORγのLBD cDNAをGAL4 DNA結合ドメイン融合タンパク発現ベクターであるpFA-CMVベクター(Agilent Technologies社)に挿入した。以後、構築したプラスミドは、それぞれpFA/hRORγプラスミド、pFA/mRORγプラスミドと呼ぶ。
pFA/hRORγプラスミド、或いはpFA/mRORγプラスミドを、GAL4依存的にホタルルシフェラーゼを発現するレポータープラスミドであるpG5-Luc(Promega社)と共にチャイニーズハムスター卵巣細胞(CHO細胞)に一過性に導入した。
プラスミドのCHO細胞への導入は、TransIT(登録商標)CHO Transfection Kit(Mirus社)を用いた。試験前日に、10%(v/v)ウシ胎児血清を含むHAM F-12 Nutrient培地でCHO細胞を懸濁して5.5×106細胞ずつ、225cm2細胞培養用フラスコに播種した。2mLチューブ内で、72μLのTransIT(登録商標)-CHO Reagentを1.55mLのOpti-MEMに加えた。この溶液をよく混和して、室温にて10分間インキュベーションした。これに、300ngのpFA/hRORγプラスミド、12000ngのpG5-Lucプラスミド、11700ngのpcDNA3.1プラスミドを含んだプラスミド溶液50.4μLを加えて穏やかに混和した。なお、マウスアッセイの場合、300ngのpFA/mRORγプラスミド、12000ngのpG5-Lucプラスミド、11700ngのpcDNA3.1プラスミドを含んだプラスミド溶液を代わりに添加した。混合液を室温で10分間インキュベーションした。CHO Mojo Reagentを12μLずつ各チューブに添加して、穏やかに混和した。チューブを室温で10分間インキュベーションした。作製したトランスフェクション試薬溶液を細胞に添加した。37℃、5%CO2にて4時間培養後、トリプシン処理によって、プラスミド導入CHO細胞を回収した。細胞を培地に懸濁して、8,000cells/35μL/wellで384穴白色プレートに播種した。プレートは、1時間室温にて静置後、37℃、5%CO2にてさらに3時間培養した。被験物質は、10mMの濃度でジメチルスルホキシド(DMSO)に溶解した。この溶液をDMSOで系列希釈後、さらに使用直前に培地で希釈して任意の6用量にて細胞に添加した。最終のDMSO濃度は0.2%(v/v)とした。被験物質添加後、細胞は37℃、5%CO2にて2日間培養した。
細胞生存率は、CellTiter-Glo(Promega社)による発光法を用いて測定した。被験物質添加2日後に、CellTiter-Gloを40μLずつ384穴プレートに添加した。添加10分後に,マイクロプレートリーダーを用いて、各ウェルの発光を測定した。なお、被験物質処理後の細胞生存率は、0.2%DMSOのみで処理した細胞の発光カウントを100%とした%-of-controlで表現した。70%以下の細胞生存率を示した場合、被験物質が細胞毒性を有すると判断した。
RORγ転写活性は、SteadyLite HTS Reporter Gene Assay System (Perkin Elmer社)を用いて、細胞中のルシフェラーゼ活性を指標に測定した。StedyLite試薬をExtension緩衝液(10mM Tricine、0.2%(w/v)ウシ血清アルブミン、0.02%(v/v) Tween-20)で2.5倍希釈してルシフェラーゼ基質溶液を作製した。被験物質添加2日後に、ルシフェラーゼ基質溶液を40μLずつ384穴プレートに添加した。室温で10分間インキュベーションした後、マイクロプレートリーダーを用いて、各ウェルの発光を測定した。0.2%DMSOのみで処理した溶媒対照ウェルの発光カウントを100%として、被験物質処理後のルシフェラーゼ活性を%-of-controlとして算出した。被験物質のEC50値は、カーブフィッティングで算出した。なお、細胞毒性を有する濃度での発光カウントは、データ解析から除外した。
インビトロ代謝安定性の測定
A. 肝ミクロソームでの代謝安定性
(1) 添加溶液の調製
添加溶液は被験物質の10mM DMSO溶液をアセトニトリルにて100倍希釈して調製した。
(2) 肝ミクロソームを用いた代謝安定性試験
リン酸カリウムバッファー(pH7.4)を用いてヒトおよび動物種の肝ミクロソーム(SEKISUI XENOTECH; Human(H2610), Rat (R1000), Mouse (M1000), Monkey (P2000), Dog (D1000))を反応系において0.2mg/mLとなるように調製した。次に調製した被験物質の添加溶液を反応系に1%添加した。さらにNADPH生成系(非特許文献28に記載の方法で調製)を添加し、代謝反応を開始した。所定の時間において、0.1%ギ酸アセトニトリル/水(3:1)を添加し、反応を停止した。
(3) LC/MSによる分析
反応停止後のサンプルを遠心分離(1400g, 20min)後に上清をLC/MS(UPLC-SQD(waters))にて測定し、未変化体の残存率を算出した。
B. 肝細胞での代謝安定性
(1) 添加溶液の調製
添加溶液は被験物質の10mM DMSO溶液をアセトニトリルにて20倍希釈して調製した。
(2) 肝細胞を用いた代謝安定性試験
William's Medium E (SIGMA; W1878)を用いてヒトおよび動物種の凍結保存肝細胞(BIOIVT; Human(IVT-X008000), Rat (IVT-M00005), Monkey (IVT-M00305), Dog (IVT-M00205))を1x106cells/mLとなるように細胞懸濁液として96wellプレートに添加した。次に調製した被験物質の添加溶液を反応系に1%添加し、代謝反応を開始した。所定の時間において、0.1%ギ酸アセトニトリルを添加し、反応を停止した。
(3) LC/MSによる分析
反応停止後のサンプルを遠心分離(1400g, 20min)後に上清をLC/MS(UPLC-SQD(waters))にて測定し、未変化体の残存率を算出した。
CYP3A4誘導能の測定
CYP3A4誘導能はNuclear Receptor Activation Kits(PURACYP; DPX2-96-002)を用いて付属のプロトコールに従って評価した。
以下の実験にはNuclear Receptor Activation Kits(PURACYP; DPX2-96-002)に付属されているものを用いた。
具体的な測定方法は、以下のとおりである。DPX2細胞を96wellプレートに播種し、24時間CO2インキュベーターにて培養した。添加培地に試験化合物(1, 3, 10mM)およびポジティブコントロールであるリファンピシン(10mM)のDMSO溶液を0.1%添加し、化合物添加培地を調製した。播種から24時間後に96wellプレートの培地をアスピレーターで吸引除去し、調製した化合物添加培地を添加した。化合物添加から48時間後にCellTiter-Fluorを添加し、1時間 CO2インキュベーターにてインキュベーションした後に蛍光測定により細胞生存率を測定した。さらにONE-Gloを添加し、5分間 CO2インキュベーターにてインキュベーションした後に発光測定によりレポーター活性を測定した。得られたレポーター活性を元にDMSOコントロールサンプルとの比較により誘導倍率を算出した。また、% of ポジティブコントロールの値は以下の式にて算出した。
溶解度の測定
被験物質の10mM DMSO溶液を96well plateに10μL添加した後に、遠心エバポレーター(Genevac; HT-4X)を用いて濃縮乾固させた。乾固後のウェルに各種溶媒(JP1, JP2, FaSSIF, FeSSIF)(非特許文献29及び30参照)を200μL添加し、室温にて2500rpmで4時間振盪させた。その後、マルチスクリーンPCFフィルター(MERCK Millipore; MSSLBPC)を用いて二回に分けて濾過した(50, 100μL)サンプルのうち二回目に濾過したサンプルから40μL採取し、アセトニトリルを300μL添加した後に、遠心分離(4000g, 5min)を行い上清の一部をLC-UV/MS(UPLC-Premier(waters))にて測定した。
ラット薬物動態(PK)試験及び血漿中濃度の測定
(1) ラットPK試験
雄性ラット(7週令)に被験物質(0.3 mg/kg)のDMSO溶液(0.1 mL/kg)を投与し、所定の時間(5, 10, 15, 30min, 1, 2, 4, 8, 25hr)において採血を行った。採血後のサンプルを遠心分離(11000g, 5min)することにより、血漿を採取した。
(2) 血漿中濃度測定
(1)において得られた血漿サンプルに対して、アセトニトリル/水混液(9:1)を2倍量添加し、除タンパク抽出した。抽出後のサンプルを遠心分離(11000g, 5min)し、上清をLC/MSMS(Nexera(Shimadzu)-QTrap5500(AB SCIEX))にて測定した。同時に検量線も測定し、血漿中濃度を算出した。
血漿中濃度推移における消失相の2時点から消失速度定数(Kel)を算出し、消失速度定数を用いて半減期(T1/2)を計算した。
Kel = -(ln Conc1 - ln Conc2)/(t1-t2)
T1/2 = 0.693/Kel
抗原感作マウスにおける血漿中IL-17産生に対する化合物の作用
抗原感作マウスを用いて,化合物による血漿中IL-17産生に対する作用を評価した。抗原感作は非特許文献31に準じて実施した。実験動物は,9週齢の雌性C57BL/6Jマウス(日本チャールス・リバー株式会社)を用いた。
マウスに,3 mg/mLのミエリンオリゴデンドロサイト糖タンパクペプチド(MOG; ANASPEC社)及び4 mg/mLのフロイント完全アジュバント(CFA; Chondrex社)を等比で混合したエマルジョンを,50 μL/siteの投与量で両側腹部に皮下投与した(day 1)。1 μg/mLの百日咳毒素(PTX; List Biological Laboratories社)を200 μL/headの投与量で腹腔内投与した(day 1及び3)。採血は,day 8に実施した。
投与は,エマルジョンの投与日より1日1回7日間(day 1~7),Normal群(正常マウス)及びVehicle群(抗原感作マウス)に0.5%(w/v)メチルセルロース(MC)を,化合物投与群に0.5%(w/v)MCに懸濁した0.03 mg/mLまたは0.1 mg/mLの化合物を10 mL/kgの投与量でそれぞれ経口投与した。
血液を遠心分離後,血漿中IL-17濃度をQuantikine(登録商標)Mouse IL-17 ELISA Kit(R&D systems, Inc.)を用いて測定した。
その後,IL-17濃度を50%低下させる化合物用量(ED50値)を以下の数式により算出した。
その結果を以下の表に示した。
正常マウスにおけるサイトカイン刺激による血漿中IL-17産生に対する化合物の作用
正常マウスを用いて,化合物による血漿中IL-17産生に対する作用を評価した。評価は非特許文献32に準じて実施した。実験動物は,9週齢の雌性C57BL/6Jマウス(日本チャールス・リバー株式会社)を用いた。
全ての群に,最終濃度がそれぞれ1.5 μg/mLになるように調製したRecombinant Mouse IL-1 beta/IL-1F2 Protein(R&D systems, INC.)及びRecombinant Mouse IL-23 Protein(R&D systems, INC.)混合溶液を,200 μL/headの投与量で尾静脈内投与した。採血は,サイトカイン溶液投与2時間後に実施した。
投与は,サイトカイン溶液投与の28時間前に,Vehicle群は0.5%(w/v)メチルセルロース(MC)を,化合物投与群は0.5%(w/v)MCに懸濁した0.1 mg/mLの化合物を0.2 mL/headの投与量でそれぞれ単回経口投与した。
血液を遠心分離後,血漿中IL-17濃度をQuantikine(登録商標)Mouse IL-17 ELISA Kit(R&D systems, Inc.)を用いて測定した。
本発明の製剤例としては、例えば、下記の製剤処方が挙げられる。しかしながら、本発明はこれら製剤例によって限定されるものではない。
製剤例1:カプセルの製造
1)実施例1の化合物 30mg
2)微結晶セルロース 10mg
3)乳糖 19mg
4)ステアリン酸マグネシウム 1mg
成分1)、2)、3)、及び4)を混合して、ゼラチンカプセルに充填する。
製剤例2:錠剤の製造
1)実施例1の化合物 10g
2)乳糖 50g
3)トウモロコシデンプン 15g
4)カルメロースカルシウム 44g
5)ステアリン酸マグネシウム 1g
成分1)、2)、及び3)の全量及び30gの4)を水で練合し、真空乾燥後、整粒を行う。この整粒末に14gの4)及び1gの5)を混合し、打錠機により打錠する。このようにして、1錠あたり実施例1の化合物10mgを含有する錠剤1000錠を得る。
Claims (12)
- 請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の化合物又はその製薬上許容される塩と製薬上許容される担体とを含む医薬組成物。
- 請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の化合物又はその製薬上許容される塩を含む、RORγアンタゴニスト。
- 請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の化合物又はその製薬上許容される塩を含む、自己免疫疾患、アレルギー性疾患、ドライアイ、線維症、癌、代謝性疾患、虚血、心筋症、高血圧及び歯周病からなる群より選択される疾患の治療剤又は予防剤。
- 治療上有効量の請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の化合物又はその製薬上許容される塩を哺乳動物に投与することを含む、RORγをアンタゴナイズする方法。
- 治療上有効量の請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の化合物又はその製薬上許容される塩を哺乳動物に投与することを含む、自己免疫疾患、アレルギー性疾患、ドライアイ、線維症、癌、代謝性疾患、虚血、心筋症、高血圧及び歯周病からなる群より選択される疾患を治療又は予防する方法。
- RORγアンタゴニストを製造するための請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の化合物又はその製薬上許容される塩の使用。
- 自己免疫疾患、アレルギー性疾患、ドライアイ、線維症、癌、代謝性疾患、虚血、心筋症、高血圧及び歯周病からなる群より選択される疾患の治療剤又は予防剤を製造するための請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の化合物又はその製薬上許容される塩の使用。
- RORγアンタゴニストとして使用するための請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の化合物又はその製薬上許容される塩。
- 自己免疫疾患、アレルギー性疾患、ドライアイ、線維症、癌、代謝性疾患、虚血、心筋症、高血圧及び歯周病からなる群より選択される疾患の治療剤又は予防剤として使用するための請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の化合物又はその製薬上許容される塩。
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EP3760616A1 (en) | 2021-01-06 |
CN111741947B (zh) | 2024-06-11 |
AR114270A1 (es) | 2020-08-12 |
PE20210550A1 (es) | 2021-03-17 |
CN111741947A (zh) | 2020-10-02 |
AU2019228915A1 (en) | 2020-07-02 |
US20190300488A1 (en) | 2019-10-03 |
BR112020016785A2 (pt) | 2021-02-09 |
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