WO2019155872A1 - Haps協調飛行システム - Google Patents
Haps協調飛行システム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019155872A1 WO2019155872A1 PCT/JP2019/001917 JP2019001917W WO2019155872A1 WO 2019155872 A1 WO2019155872 A1 WO 2019155872A1 JP 2019001917 W JP2019001917 W JP 2019001917W WO 2019155872 A1 WO2019155872 A1 WO 2019155872A1
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- wireless relay
- relay devices
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- haps
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a system and method for controlling the flight of a wireless relay device such as a HAPS (High Altitude Platform Station) suitable for building a three-dimensional network for fifth generation communication.
- a wireless relay device such as a HAPS (High Altitude Platform Station) suitable for building a three-dimensional network for fifth generation communication.
- LTE-AdvancedPro which is an extension of 3GPP LTE (Long Term Evolution) -Advanced
- Non-Patent Document 1 which is a communication standard for mobile communication systems
- Non-Patent Document 2 a communication standard for mobile communication systems
- LTE-AdvancedPro specifications for providing communication to devices for recent IoT (Internet of Things) have been formulated.
- IoT Internet of Things
- the fifth generation mobile that supports simultaneous connection and low delay to many terminal devices (also referred to as “UE (user equipment)”, “mobile station”, “communication terminal”) such as devices for IoT. Communication has been studied (for example, see Non-Patent Document 3).
- Communication quality may be deteriorated due to frequent handovers at the cell boundaries of a plurality of cells formed by the wireless relay device or increased interference from adjacent cells.
- a system is a system including a plurality of wireless relay devices that wirelessly communicate with a terminal device, and each of the plurality of wireless relay devices fly over the sky.
- a wireless relay station is provided that is movable and forms a cell toward the ground or the sea and wirelessly communicates with a terminal device located in the cell, and between the wireless relay devices by autonomous control or by external control Fly in coordination with each other to maintain the positional relationship.
- each of the plurality of wireless relay devices may perform coordinated flight that maintains a positional relationship between the wireless relay devices in the horizontal direction.
- each of the plurality of wireless relay devices may perform coordinated flight so as to maintain a positional relationship between the wireless relay devices in the height direction.
- each of the plurality of wireless relay devices may perform coordinated flight so that the wireless relay devices have the same flight direction and the attitude relative to the flight direction. Further, in the system, when the flight pattern of any one of the plurality of wireless relay devices changes, the other wireless relay device performs the same flight as the flight pattern after the change of any one of the wireless relay devices. It may be controlled to fly in a pattern.
- the plurality of wireless relay devices are classified into a plurality of groups corresponding to a plurality of different areas on the ground or the sea based on positions of the wireless relay devices, and the wireless relay devices are grouped into the groups. You may control the cooperation flight of an apparatus.
- any one of the plurality of wireless relay devices is set as a wireless relay device serving as a reference for the flight control, and the reference wireless relay device is set around the reference wireless relay device.
- the system further includes a management device that manages the plurality of wireless relay devices, wherein the management device receives information including at least one of a current position, an altitude, and an attitude of each of the plurality of wireless relay devices.
- Control information for performing the coordinated flight based on the information of the wireless relay device is obtained from each of the wireless relay devices via the ground or sea gateway station, It may be transmitted to each of the wireless relay devices.
- the system further includes a management device that manages the plurality of wireless relay devices, and any one of the plurality of wireless relay devices has a current position, altitude, and attitude of each of the other wireless relay devices.
- Information including at least one is acquired from the other wireless relay device, and the management device receives information including at least one of a current position, an altitude, and an attitude of each of the plurality of wireless relay devices. Obtained from the wireless relay device via a ground or marine gateway station, and based on the information of the wireless relay device, control information for performing the cooperative flight is transmitted via the gateway station. It may be transmitted to one wireless relay device, and transmitted to the other wireless relay device via the gateway station and any one of the wireless relay devices.
- the wireless relay device acquires information including at least one of a current position, an altitude, and a posture of another wireless relay device located near the wireless relay device from the other wireless relay device. The system is controlled to fly in cooperation with the other wireless relay device based on the information of the wireless relay device.
- a radio relay device is a radio relay device that performs radio communication with a terminal device, and is provided so as to be able to fly over the sky and move, and forms a cell toward the ground or the sea to form the cell.
- a management apparatus is a management apparatus that manages a plurality of wireless relay apparatuses that wirelessly communicate with a terminal apparatus, and is provided so as to be able to fly over the cell and move toward the ground or the sea.
- Information including at least one of the current position, altitude, and attitude of each of the plurality of wireless relay devices that wirelessly communicate with terminal devices located in the cell by forming Control information for the plurality of wireless relay devices to fly in cooperation with each other so as to maintain the positional relationship between the wireless relay devices based on the information of the plurality of wireless relay devices acquired via a gateway station Is transmitted to each of the plurality of wireless relay devices via the gateway station.
- a management apparatus is a management apparatus that manages a plurality of wireless relay apparatuses that wirelessly communicate with a terminal apparatus, and is provided so as to be able to fly over the cell and move toward the ground or the sea.
- Information including at least one of the current position, altitude, and attitude of each of a plurality of wireless relay devices that wirelessly communicate with a terminal device located in the cell by forming one of the plurality of wireless relay devices.
- the plurality of wireless relay devices cooperate with each other so as to maintain the positional relationship between the wireless relay devices based on the information of the plurality of wireless relay devices obtained from the relay device via a ground or sea gateway station.
- the control information for flying is transmitted to any one of the wireless relay devices via the gateway station, and is transmitted via the gateway station and any one of the wireless relay devices. Sending of the radio relay equipment.
- a method according to still another aspect of the present invention is a method of flying a plurality of wireless relay devices that wirelessly communicate with a terminal device, and is formed so as to be movable by flying over the sky, and forming a cell toward the ground or the sea.
- a plurality of wireless relay devices that wirelessly communicate with terminal devices located in the cell maintain the positional relationship between the wireless relay devices by autonomous control or by external control, by autonomous control, or by external control To fly in coordination with each other.
- the present invention it is possible to suppress deterioration in communication quality due to frequent handovers at a cell boundary of a plurality of cells formed by a plurality of radio relay apparatuses that can move over the sky and an increase in interference from neighboring cells.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating an example of an overall configuration of a communication system that realizes a three-dimensional network according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view illustrating an example of HAPS used in the communication system according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a side view showing another example of HAPS used in the communication system of the embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a wireless network formed over the plurality of HAPSs according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating an example of an overall configuration of a communication system that realizes a three-dimensional network according to still another embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of a HAPS wireless relay station according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating an example of an overall configuration of a communication system that realizes a three-dimensional network according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view illustrating an example of HAPS used
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating another configuration example of the HAPS wireless relay station of the embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating still another configuration example of the HAPS radio relay station according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 9A is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of coordinated flight of a plurality of HAPSs according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 9B is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of coordinated flight of a plurality of HAPS according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 10A is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a plurality of HAPS in a disordered flight state according to a comparative example.
- FIG. 10B is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a plurality of HAPS in a disordered flight state according to a comparative example.
- FIG. 9A is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a plurality of HAPS in a disordered flight state according to a comparative example.
- FIG. 11A is an explanatory diagram illustrating another example of coordinated flight of a plurality of HAPS according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 11B is an explanatory diagram illustrating another example of coordinated flight of a plurality of HAPS according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 12A is an explanatory diagram illustrating another example of a plurality of HAPS in a disordered flight state according to a comparative example.
- FIG. 12B is an explanatory diagram illustrating another example of a plurality of HAPS in a disordered flight state according to a comparative example.
- FIG. 13A is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of the shape of a flight route determined according to the strength of the wind over which the HAPS is flying.
- FIG. 12A is an explanatory diagram illustrating another example of coordinated flight of a plurality of HAPS according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 11B is an explanatory diagram illustrating another example of coordinated flight of a plurality of HAPS according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 12A is an
- FIG. 13B is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of the shape of the flight route determined according to the strength of the wind over which the HAPS is flying.
- FIG. 13C is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of the shape of the flight route determined according to the strength of the wind over which the HAPS is flying.
- FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of HAPS group cooperative flight according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of cooperative flight centered on the anchor body of the HAPS according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a centralized control system that can control the HAPS coordinated flight according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram illustrating another example of a centralized control system capable of controlling HAPS coordinated flight according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a control system on the autonomous control side that can control the HAPS cooperative flight according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an example of the overall configuration of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the communication system according to the present embodiment is suitable for realizing a three-dimensional network for fifth generation mobile communication that supports simultaneous connection to a large number of terminal devices and low delay.
- mobile communication standards applicable to the communication system, radio relay station, base station, repeater, and terminal device disclosed in this specification are the fifth generation mobile communication standards and the fifth generation and later. Includes standards for next generation mobile communications.
- the communication system includes a plurality of high-altitude platform stations (HAPS) (also referred to as “high-altitude pseudo-satellite”) 10 and 20 as a plurality of airborne communication relay apparatuses (wireless relay apparatuses).
- the HAPS 10 and 20 are located in an airspace at a predetermined altitude, and form three-dimensional cells (three-dimensional areas) 41 and 42 as indicated by hatching areas in the figure in a cell formation target airspace 40 at a predetermined altitude.
- the HAPS 10 and 20 are levitated bodies (for example, solar cells) that are controlled to float or fly in a high altitude air space (floating air space) 50 of 100 [km] or less from the ground or sea surface by autonomous control or external control. (Plane, airship) equipped with a radio relay station.
- the airspace 50 where the HAPS 10 and 20 are located is, for example, a stratospheric airspace whose altitude is 11 [km] or more and 50 [km] or less.
- the airspace 50 may be an airspace with an altitude of 15 km or more and 25 km or less where the weather conditions are relatively stable, and may be an airspace with an altitude of approximately 20 km.
- Hrsl and Hrsu in the figure indicate relative altitudes of the lower end and the upper end of the airspace 50 where the HAPSs 10 and 20 are located with respect to the ground (GL), respectively.
- the cell formation target airspace 40 is a target airspace that forms a three-dimensional cell with one or more HAPSs in the communication system of the present embodiment.
- the cell formation target airspace 40 is a predetermined altitude located between the airspace 50 where the HAPSs 10 and 20 are located and a cell formation region near the ground covered by a base station (eg, LTE eNodeB) 90 such as a conventional macrocell base station.
- a base station eg, LTE eNodeB
- An airspace in a range for example, an altitude range of 50 [m] or more and 1000 [m] or less).
- Hcl and Hcu in the figure respectively indicate the relative altitudes of the lower end and the upper end of the cell formation target airspace 40 with respect to the ground (GL).
- the cell formation target airspace 40 in which the three-dimensional cell of the present embodiment is formed may be above the sea, river, or lake.
- the wireless relay stations of the HAPS 10 and 20 respectively form beams 100 and 200 for wireless communication with a terminal device that is a mobile station toward the ground.
- the terminal device may be a communication terminal module incorporated in the drone 60 that is an aircraft such as a small-sized helicopter that can be remotely controlled, or may be a user device used by the user in the airplane 65.
- the regions through which the beams 100 and 200 pass in the cell formation target airspace 40 are three-dimensional cells 41 and 42.
- the plurality of beams 100 and 200 adjacent to each other in the cell formation target airspace 40 may partially overlap.
- Each of the wireless relay stations of the HAPS 10 and 20 is, for example, a base station that wirelessly communicates with a gateway station (also referred to as a “feeder station”) 70 as a relay station connected to a core network on the ground (or sea) side, or This repeater slave unit wirelessly communicates with a feeder station (repeater parent unit) 70 as a relay station connected to a ground (or maritime) base station.
- the wireless relay stations of the HAPS 10 and 20 are connected to the core network of the mobile communication network 80 via a feeder station 70 installed on the ground or the sea. Communication between the HAPS 10, 20 and the feeder station 70 may be performed by wireless communication using radio waves such as microwaves, or may be performed by optical communication using laser light or the like.
- Each of the HAPS 10 and 20 may autonomously control its own floating movement (flight) and processing at the radio relay station by executing a control program by a control unit configured by a computer or the like incorporated therein.
- each of the HAPS 10 and 20 acquires its own current position information (for example, GPS position information), pre-stored position control information (for example, flight schedule information), position information of other HAPS located in the vicinity, etc. Based on this information, the levitating movement (flight) and the processing at the radio relay station may be autonomously controlled.
- management devices also referred to as “remote control devices” 85 as management devices provided in a communication center of the mobile communication network 80 or the like. May be controlled by
- the management device 85 can be configured by, for example, a computer device such as a PC, a server, or the like.
- the HAPS 10 and 20 incorporate a control communication terminal device (for example, a mobile communication module) so that control information from the management device 85 can be received and various information such as monitoring information can be transmitted to the management device 85.
- terminal identification information for example, an IP address, a telephone number, etc. may be assigned so that the management apparatus 85 can identify the terminal.
- the MAC address of the communication interface may be used for identifying the control communication terminal device.
- each of the HAPS 10 and 20 has monitoring information such as information on the levitation movement (flight) of the own or the surrounding HAPS and processing at the radio relay station, information on the state of the HAPS 10 and 20 and observation data acquired by various sensors.
- the data may be transmitted to a predetermined transmission destination such as the management device 85.
- the control information may include target flight route information of HAPS.
- the monitoring information includes the current position of the HAPS 10 and 20, flight route history information, air speed, ground speed and propulsion direction, wind speed and direction of air current around the HAPS 10 and 20, and air pressure and temperature around the HAPS 10 and 20. At least one piece of information may be included.
- a region where the beams 100 and 200 of the HAPS 10 and 20 do not pass may occur.
- a radial beam 300 is formed upward from the ground side or the sea side to form a three-dimensional cell 43 to form an ATG (Air To Ground) connection.
- a base station (hereinafter referred to as “ATG station”) 30 may be provided.
- the radio relay station of the HAPS 10 and 20 can be connected to the cell formation target airspace 40.
- the beams 100 and 200 covering the entire upper end surface of the cell formation target airspace 40 may be formed so that the dimension cells are formed all over.
- the three-dimensional cell formed by the HAPS 10 and 20 may be formed so as to reach the ground or the sea surface so that communication can be performed with a terminal device located on the ground or the sea.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view illustrating an example of the HAPS 10 used in the communication system according to the embodiment.
- the HAPS 10 in FIG. 2 is a solar plane type HAPS, and has a main wing 101 having both ends in the longitudinal direction extending upward, and a plurality of propulsion devices for a bus power system at one edge of the main wing 101 in the short direction.
- the motor-driven propeller 103 is provided.
- a solar power generation panel (hereinafter referred to as “solar panel”) 102 as a solar power generation unit having a solar power generation function is provided on the upper surface of the main wing part 101.
- a plurality of pods 105 serving as device storage units in which the mission devices are stored are connected to two locations in the longitudinal direction of the lower surface of the main wing unit 101 via plate-like connection units 104.
- Each pod 105 accommodates a radio relay station 110 as a mission device and a battery 106.
- wheels 107 used at the time of taking off and landing are provided on the lower surface side of each pod 105.
- the electric power generated by the solar panel 102 is stored in the battery 106, the electric power supplied from the battery 106 drives the motor of the propeller 103 to rotate, and the wireless relay station 110 performs wireless relay processing.
- the solar plane type HAPS 10 is levitated by lift by, for example, performing a circular flight based on a predetermined target flight route, performing a “D” flight, or performing an “8” flight, It is possible to levitate so as to stay in a predetermined range in the horizontal direction at a predetermined altitude.
- the solar plane type HAPS 10 can fly like a glider when the propeller 103 is not driven to rotate. For example, when the power of the battery 106 is surplus due to the power generation of the solar panel 102 at daytime or the like, the battery 106 rises to a high position, and when the solar panel 102 cannot generate power at night or the like, the power supply from the battery 106 to the motor is stopped and the glider is stopped. Can fly like.
- the HAPS 10 includes a three-dimensional directional optical antenna device 130 as a communication unit used for optical communication with other HAPSs and artificial satellites.
- the optical antenna device 130 is disposed at both ends of the main wing portion 101 in the longitudinal direction.
- the optical antenna device 130 may be disposed at another location of the HAPS 10.
- the communication unit used for optical communication with other HAPS and artificial satellites is not limited to such optical communication, and may be wireless communication by other methods such as wireless communication using radio waves such as microwaves. Good.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view illustrating another example of the HAPS 20 used in the communication system according to the embodiment.
- the HAPS 20 in FIG. 3 is an unmanned airship type HAPS and has a large payload, so that a large-capacity battery can be mounted.
- the HAPS 20 includes an airship body 201 filled with a gas such as helium gas for buoyancy, a motor-driven propeller 202 as a propulsion device for a bus power system, and a device storage unit 203 for storing mission devices.
- a radio relay station 210 and a battery 204 are housed inside the device housing unit 203. With the electric power supplied from the battery 204, the motor of the propeller 202 is driven to rotate, and the wireless relay processing by the wireless relay station 210 is executed.
- a solar panel having a solar power generation function may be provided on the top surface of the airship body 201 so that the electric power generated by the solar panel is stored in the battery 204.
- the unmanned airship type HAPS 20 also includes a three-dimensional directivity optical antenna device 230 as a communication unit used for optical communication with other HAPS and artificial satellites.
- the optical antenna device 230 is disposed on the upper surface portion of the airship body 201 and the lower surface portion of the device housing portion 203, but the optical antenna device 230 may be disposed on another portion of the HAPS 20.
- the communication unit used for optical communication with other HAPS and artificial satellites is not limited to such optical communication, but performs wireless communication by other methods such as wireless communication using radio waves such as microwaves. There may be.
- FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a wireless network formed over the plurality of HAPSs 10 and 20 according to the embodiment.
- the plurality of HAPSs 10 and 20 are configured to be able to perform inter-HAPS communication by optical communication over the sky, and form a wireless communication network excellent in robustness capable of stably realizing a three-dimensional network over a wide area.
- This wireless communication network can also function as an ad hoc network by dynamic routing according to various environments and various information.
- the wireless communication network can be formed to have various two-dimensional or three-dimensional topologies, and may be, for example, a mesh-type wireless communication network as shown in FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating an example of the overall configuration of a communication system according to another embodiment.
- the same reference numerals are given to portions common to those in FIG. 1 described above, and description thereof is omitted.
- communication between the HAPS 10 and the core network of the mobile communication network 80 is performed via the feeder station 70 and the low-orbit satellite 72.
- communication between the artificial satellite 72 and the feeder station 70 may be performed by wireless communication using radio waves such as microwaves, or may be performed by optical communication using laser light or the like.
- Communication between the HAPS 10 and the artificial satellite 72 is performed by optical communication using laser light or the like.
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of the wireless relay stations 110 and 210 of the HAPS 10 and 20 according to the embodiment.
- the wireless relay stations 110 and 210 in FIG. 5 are examples of repeater type wireless relay stations.
- Each of the radio relay stations 110 and 210 includes a 3D cell forming antenna unit 111, a transmission / reception unit 112, a feed antenna unit 113, a transmission / reception unit 114, a repeater unit 115, a monitoring control unit 116, and a power supply unit 117.
- each of the radio relay stations 110 and 210 includes an optical communication unit 125 and a beam control unit 126 used for inter-HAPS communication.
- the 3D cell formation antenna unit 111 includes antennas that form the radial beams 100 and 200 toward the cell formation target airspace 40, and forms three-dimensional cells 41 and 42 that can communicate with the terminal device.
- the transmission / reception unit 112 constitutes a first wireless communication unit together with the 3D cell forming antenna unit 111 and includes a duplexer (DUP: DUPlexer), an amplifier, and the like, and the 3D cell 41 via the 3D cell forming antenna unit 111. , 42, a radio signal is transmitted to a terminal device located in the area, and a radio signal is received from the terminal device.
- DUP DUPlexer
- the feed antenna unit 113 includes a directional antenna for wireless communication with the ground or sea feeder station 70.
- the transmission / reception unit 114 constitutes a second wireless communication unit together with the feed antenna unit 113, has a duplexer (DUP: DUPlexer), an amplifier, and the like, and transmits a radio signal to the feeder station 70 via the feed antenna unit 113. Or a radio signal is received from the feeder station 70.
- DUP DUPlexer
- the repeater unit 115 relays the signal of the transmission / reception unit 112 transmitted / received to / from the terminal device and the signal of the transmission / reception unit 114 transmitted / received to / from the feeder station 70.
- the repeater unit 115 has an amplifier function that amplifies a relay target signal having a predetermined frequency to a predetermined level.
- the repeater unit 115 may have a frequency conversion function for converting the frequency of the relay target signal.
- the monitoring control unit 116 is configured by, for example, a CPU and a memory, and monitors the operation processing status of each unit in the HAPS 10 and 20 and controls each unit by executing a program incorporated in advance.
- the monitoring control unit 116 controls the motor driving unit 141 that drives the propellers 103 and 202 by executing the control program, moves the HAPS 10 and 20 to the target position, and stays in the vicinity of the target position. To control.
- the power supply unit 117 supplies the power output from the batteries 106 and 204 to each unit in the HAPS 10 and 20.
- the power supply unit 117 may have a function of storing in the batteries 106 and 204 power generated by a solar power generation panel or the like or power supplied from the outside.
- the optical communication unit 125 communicates with other peripheral HAPS 10 and 20 and the artificial satellite 72 via an optical communication medium such as laser light. This communication enables dynamic routing that dynamically relays wireless communication between the terminal device such as the drone 60 and the mobile communication network 80, and other HAPS backs up when one of the HAPSs fails. Thus, the robustness of the mobile communication system can be improved by wireless relaying.
- the beam control unit 126 controls the direction and intensity of a beam such as a laser beam used for inter-HAPS communication or communication with the artificial satellite 72, or relative position with other peripheral HAPS (wireless relay station). Control is performed so as to switch another HAPS (wireless relay station) that performs communication using a light beam such as a laser beam in accordance with the change of the laser beam. This control may be performed based on, for example, the position and posture of the HAPS itself, the positions of surrounding HAPS, and the like. Information on the position and orientation of the HAPS itself is acquired based on outputs from a GPS receiver, a gyro sensor, an acceleration sensor, etc. incorporated in the HAPS, and information on the position of the surrounding HAPS is managed by the mobile communication network 80. It may be acquired from the device 85 or a server 86 such as a HAPS management server or an application server.
- a server 86 such as a HAPS management server or an application server.
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating another configuration example of the wireless relay stations 110 and 210 of the HAPS 10 and 20 according to the embodiment.
- Radio relay stations 110 and 210 in FIG. 7 are examples of base station type radio relay stations. In FIG. 7, the same components as those in FIG.
- Each of the radio relay stations 110 and 210 in FIG. 7 further includes a modem unit 118 and a base station processing unit 119 instead of the repeater unit 115.
- each of the radio relay stations 110 and 210 includes an optical communication unit 125 and a beam control unit 126.
- the modem unit 118 performs, for example, a demodulation process and a decoding process on the reception signal received from the feeder station 70 via the feed antenna unit 113 and the transmission / reception unit 114, and outputs the data signal to the base station processing unit 119 side. Is generated. Further, the modem unit 118 performs encoding processing and modulation processing on the data signal received from the base station processing unit 119 side, and transmits to the feeder station 70 via the feed antenna unit 113 and the transmission / reception unit 114. Generate a signal.
- the base station processing unit 119 has a function as e-NodeB that performs baseband processing based on, for example, a method compliant with the LTE / LTE-Advanced standard.
- the base station processing unit 119 may perform processing by a method based on a standard for future mobile communication such as the fifth generation.
- the base station processing unit 119 performs demodulation processing and decoding processing on the received signals received from the terminal devices located in the three-dimensional cells 41 and 42 via the 3D cell forming antenna unit 111 and the transmission / reception unit 112. A data signal to be output to the modem unit 118 side is generated. In addition, the base station processing unit 119 performs encoding processing and modulation processing on the data signal received from the modem unit 118 side, and the 3D cells 41 and 42 via the 3D cell forming antenna unit 111 and the transmission / reception unit 112. A transmission signal to be transmitted to the terminal device is generated.
- FIG. 8 is a block diagram illustrating still another configuration example of the radio relay stations 110 and 210 of the HAPS 10 and 20 according to the embodiment.
- the radio relay stations 110 and 210 in FIG. 8 are examples of high-function base station type radio relay stations having an edge computing function.
- the same components as those in FIGS. 6 and 7 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.
- Each of the radio relay stations 110 and 210 of FIG. 8 further includes an edge computing unit 120 in addition to the components of FIG.
- the edge computing unit 120 is configured by a small computer, for example, and can execute various types of information processing related to wireless relaying in the wireless relay stations 110 and 210 of the HAPS 10 and 20 by executing a program incorporated in advance. it can.
- the edge computing unit 120 determines the transmission destination of the data signal based on the data signal received from the terminal device located in the three-dimensional cell 41 or 42, and relays the communication based on the determination result. Executes the process of switching. More specifically, when the transmission destination of the data signal output from the base station processing unit 119 is a terminal device located in its own three-dimensional cell 41 or 42, the data signal is not passed to the modem unit 118. Then, it returns to the base station processing unit 119 and transmits it to the transmission destination terminal device located in its own three-dimensional cell 41, 42.
- the transmission destination of the data signal output from the base station processing unit 119 is a terminal device residing in a cell other than its own three-dimensional cells 41 and 42
- the data signal is passed to the modem unit 118.
- the data is transmitted to the feeder station 70 and transmitted to the terminal device of the transmission destination located in another cell of the transmission destination via the mobile communication network 80.
- the edge computing unit 120 may execute processing for analyzing information received from a large number of terminal devices located in the three-dimensional cells 41 and 42.
- the analysis result is transmitted to a large number of terminal devices located in the three-dimensional cells 41 and 42, or the management device 85 provided in the mobile communication network 80, or a HAPS management server or application server (application server) as a management device. Or may be transmitted to the server 86 or the like.
- the uplink and downlink duplex schemes for wireless communication with the terminal devices via the radio relay stations 110 and 210 are not limited to specific schemes. For example, even in a time division duplex (TDD) scheme Alternatively, a frequency division duplex (FDD) method may be used.
- the access method of wireless communication with the terminal device via the wireless relay stations 110 and 210 is not limited to a specific method, for example, FDMA (Frequency Division Multiple Access) method, TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access) method, It may be a CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) system or OFDMA (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access).
- the wireless communication has functions such as diversity coding, transmission beamforming, and spatial division multiplexing (SDM), and by using a plurality of antennas simultaneously for both transmission and reception, MIMO (multi-input and multi-output) technology capable of increasing the transmission capacity of the network may be used.
- MIMO multi-input and multi-output
- the MIMO technique may be a SU-MIMO (Single-User MIMO) technique in which one base station transmits a plurality of signals at the same time and the same frequency as one terminal device.
- MU-MIMO (Multi-User MIMO) technology may be used in which signals are transmitted to different terminal devices at the same time and the same frequency, or a plurality of different base stations transmit signals to one terminal device at the same time and the same frequency.
- the radio relay apparatus that performs radio communication with the terminal apparatus is the solar plane type HAPS 10 having the radio relay station 110
- the following embodiment is an unmanned airship type HAPS 20 having the radio relay station 210 and the like.
- the present invention can be similarly applied to other wireless relay apparatuses that can move over the sky.
- a link between the HAPS 10 having the radio relay station 110 and the base station 90 via a gateway station (hereinafter referred to as “GW station”) 70 as a feeder station is referred to as “feeder link”, and the HAPS 10 and the terminal device
- the link between 61 is called a “service link”.
- a section between the HAPS 10 and the GW station 70 is referred to as a “feeder link wireless section”.
- the downlink of communication from the GW station 70 via the HAPS 10 to the terminal device 61 is referred to as “forward link”
- the uplink of communication from the terminal device 61 via the HAPS 10 to the GW station 70 is referred to as “reverse link”.
- the size of the cell boundary portion and the distance between the cells change, and frequent handovers occur at the cell boundary to perform communication.
- the quality may be deteriorated.
- the HAPS 10 of this embodiment is controlled to fly in cooperation with each other in the same flight form so as to maintain the positional relationship between the HAPSs by autonomous control or by external control.
- the size of the SINR degradation region where SINR (required signal-to-interference / noise power ratio) as communication quality is degraded becomes constant.
- FIG. 9A and 9B are explanatory diagrams illustrating an example of coordinated flight of a plurality of HAPSs 10 according to the embodiment.
- 10A and 10B are explanatory diagrams illustrating an example of a plurality of HAPSs 10 in a disordered flight state according to a comparative example.
- FIG. 9A, FIG. 9B, FIG. 10A and FIG. 10B respectively show a plurality of HAPSs 10 (1) to 10 (6) subject to flight control, their flight routes 10F (1) to 10F (6), and cells 100A (1) to 100A ( It is the figure which looked at 6) from the upper direction of the perpendicular direction. Further, the area indicated by cross-hatching at the cell boundary in the figure is the SINR degradation area A.
- 9A and 9B show the case where the number of HAPS 10 is six, the number of HAPS 10 may be two to five, or may be seven or more.
- each of the plurality of HAPSs 10 forms cells 100A (1) to 100A (6) below the vertical direction by autonomous control or control from outside, while forming the same circular flight route 10F. Flight control is performed so as to repeatedly circulate along (1) to 10F (6).
- Each HAPS 10 is controlled to fly in cooperation with each other so as to maintain a horizontal positional relationship between the HAPSs (for example, a distance between the HAPSs) by autonomous control or by external control.
- the plurality of HAPSs 10 (1) to 10 (6) each form cells 100A (1) to 100A (6) below the vertical direction, while the flight route 10F in the horizontal direction (1) to 10F (6) are controlled so as to perform coordinated flight with the position of the right end in the figure upward in the figure.
- the plurality of HAPS 10 (1) to 10 (6) respectively form the flight route 10F in the horizontal direction while forming the cells 100A (1) to 100A (6) below the vertical direction.
- (1) to 10F (6) are controlled so as to perform coordinated flight with the position of the upper end in the figure toward the left in the figure.
- SINR degradation can be suppressed, while the occurrence of handover can be suppressed by performing coordinated flight so as not to cause a change in the cell boundary line.
- the size of the SINR degradation region A at the cell boundary is increased.
- an SINR degradation region B is likely to occur between cells.
- the sizes of these SINR degradation regions A and B change according to the flight of the HAPS 10 (1) to 10 (6).
- the plurality of HAPSs 10 (1) to 10 (6) may perform coordinated flight so as to maintain the positional relationship between the HAPSs in the height direction.
- the plurality of HAPS 10 (1) to 10 (6) may perform coordinated flight so as to maintain the same altitude.
- both the HAPS 10 (1) to 10 (6) move up and down, both the desired signal and the interference signal increase and decrease, the SINR degradation becomes constant.
- each of the plurality of HAPSs 10 (1) to 10 (6) has the same attitude with respect to the flight direction (for example, the inclination of rolling or pitching with respect to the traveling direction) between the HAPSs. As such, coordinated flight may be performed.
- FIG. 11A and FIG. 11B are explanatory views showing another example of coordinated flight of a plurality of HAPSs 10 according to the embodiment.
- 12A and 12B are explanatory diagrams illustrating another example of the plurality of HAPSs 10 in a disordered flight state according to the comparative example.
- 11A, 11B, 12A, and 12B are examples in which the HAPS 10 forms cells in a direction inclined from the vertical direction.
- the description of the portions common to FIGS. 9A, 9B, 10A, and 10B is omitted.
- Each of the plurality of HAPSs 10 forms cells 100A (1) to 100A (6) in a direction inclined from the vertical direction by its own rolling under autonomous control or external control, and has the same circular flight route 10F ( 1) to 10F (6), flight control is performed so as to repeatedly circulate.
- Each HAPS 10 is controlled to fly in cooperation with each other so as to maintain a horizontal positional relationship between the HAPSs (for example, a distance between the HAPSs) by autonomous control or by external control.
- each of the plurality of HAPS 10 (1) to 10 (6) is shifted from the lower part in the vertical direction to the right in the figure by rolling in which the right end in the figure is higher than the left end.
- control is performed so that the position of the right end of the flight routes 10F (1) to 10F (6) in the horizontal direction performs coordinated flight upward in the figure. Is done.
- each of the plurality of HAPSs 10 (1) to 10 (6) is shifted from the lower part in the vertical direction to the upper part in the figure by rolling in which the upper end in the figure is higher than the lower end.
- the cells 100A (1) to 100A (6) are formed at the positions, and the coordinated flight is performed so that the position of the upper end of the flight routes 10F (1) to 10F (6) in the horizontal direction is directed to the left in the figure.
- the size of the SINR degradation region A is maintained. By flying in this way, SINR degradation can be suppressed, while the occurrence of handover can be suppressed by performing coordinated flight so as not to cause a change in the cell boundary line.
- the size of the SINR degradation region A at the cell boundary is increased.
- an SINR degradation region B in which SINR between cells is degraded is likely to occur.
- the sizes of these SINR degradation regions A and B change according to the flight of the HAPS 10 (1) to 10 (6).
- the plurality of HAPSs 10 (1) to 10 (6) may perform coordinated flight so as to maintain the positional relationship between the HAPSs in the height direction.
- the case where the shape of the flight route that is controlled so that the plurality of HAPSs 10 perform cooperative flight has been described as circular, but the flight of the HAPS 10 that is the target of cooperative flight control is described.
- the route may have a shape other than a circle.
- FIGS. 13A to 13C are explanatory diagrams showing examples of the shape of the flight route 10F determined according to the strength of the wind W over which the HAPS 10 is flying.
- the shape of the flight route may be changed depending on the wind speed in an altitude airspace (for example, the stratosphere) where the HAPS 10 is flying.
- an altitude airspace for example, the stratosphere
- a circular flight route is determined as the flight route of the HAPS 10 regardless of the direction of the wind W.
- a circular partial arc is used as the flight route of the HAPS 10 so that the time zone during which the flight is made in the direction of the wind (as opposed to the wind W) is as short as possible.
- the flight route of the HAPS 10 has a shape of “8” so that the time zone in which it is flying in the direction of the wind (as opposed to the wind W) is shorter. Decide on a flight route.
- the plurality of HAPSs 10 perform the coordinated flight according to the changed flight route 10F. Be controlled.
- the plurality of HAPS 10 flies so as to rise spirally while charging the battery with solar power generation in the daytime time zone in which sunlight can be received, and in the nighttime zone in which sunlight cannot be received.
- the battery is charged with the rotational energy of the propeller converted from the potential energy by the gliding flight that spirals down.
- control is performed so that a plurality of HAPSs 10 perform the above-described coordinated flight according to the spiral flight route in the daytime or nighttime. Is done.
- the distance between adjacent HPAS is several hundred km (for example, about 200 km).
- the environment such as weather conditions is different, and it is efficient to take the same flight form in cooperation. It may not be.
- a plurality of HAPSs 10 may be grouped in accordance with the weather environment conditions of an altitude airspace (for example, the stratosphere) where the HAPS 10 is flying to perform coordinated flight.
- the group of HAPS 10 may be changed according to weather environment conditions.
- FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of HAPS group cooperative flight according to the embodiment.
- a plurality of HAPS 10 covering Japan excludes Hokkaido from Group G1 of HAPS mainly covering a plurality of Hokkaido areas in Japan.
- the group is divided into a HAPS group G2 mainly covering the eastern Japan area and a HAPS group G3 mainly covering the western Japan area including Okinawa.
- the HAPS 10 is caused to fly in the shape of the flight route (flight form) according to the weather environment conditions such as the weather and the wind speed in the sky. And it is not necessary to force the HAPS 10 to fly.
- FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of coordinated flight centering on the anchor body of the HAPS 10 according to the embodiment.
- the arrow between HAPS in FIG. 15 indicates the transmission direction of the control information.
- any one of the plurality of HAPSs 10 subject to coordinated flight control is set as a HAPS (hereinafter referred to as “anchor HAPS”) 10 ⁇ / b> A that serves as a reference for flight control.
- anchor HAPS HAPS
- the whole of the plurality of HAPS 10 is controlled to perform coordinated flight.
- all the HAPSs subject to coordinated flight control in an area that provides a communication service using the HAPS 10 can perform coordinated flight with each other. Degradation of communication quality due to an increase in interference from can be more reliably suppressed.
- FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a centralized control system that can control the coordinated flight of the HAPS 10 according to the embodiment.
- the management device 85 provided in the control center on the ground or the sea includes information on the aircraft as the aforementioned monitoring information of each of the plurality of HAPS 10 (for example, latitude, longitude, altitude, direction of flight direction, horizontal plane (Tilt) is received via a GW station (relay device) 70 that can communicate with each of the plurality of HAPSs 10.
- the management device 85 aggregates and stores the information on the aircraft received from each HAPS 10 in the HAPS database as a storage means.
- the management apparatus 85 produces
- Each HAPS 10 performs control to perform the coordinated flight based on the received control information. As described above, in the example of FIG. 16, each HAPS 10 can be centrally controlled from the management device 85 on the ground or sea so that the plurality of HAPSs 10 perform coordinated flight with each other.
- FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram showing another example of a centralized control system capable of controlling the coordinated flight of the HAPS 10 according to the embodiment.
- the management device 85 provided in the control center on the ground or the sea receives information (for example, latitude, longitude, etc.) of all the aircrafts of the plurality of HAPS 10 via any one anchor HAPS 10A of the plurality of HAPS 10. Altitude, direction of flight direction, inclination from horizontal plane).
- the management device 85 aggregates and stores the information of all the aircrafts of the plurality of HAPS 10 received via the anchor HAPS 10A in the HAPS database.
- the management device 85 generates or selects control information for performing the coordinated flight for all of the plurality of HAPSs 10 based on the aircraft information, and the control information is transmitted to the GW station (relay device) 70 and the anchor. It transmits to each HAPS 10 via the HAPS 10A.
- Each HAPS 10 performs control to perform the coordinated flight based on the received control information.
- each HAPS 10 can be centrally controlled from the management device 85 on the ground or the sea so that the entire plurality of HAPSs 10 perform coordinated flight with each other.
- the coordinated flight of the HAPS 10 can be controlled even when any one of the plurality of HAPSs 10 cannot communicate with the GW station 70.
- FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a control system on the autonomous control side that can control the coordinated flight of the HAPS 10 according to the embodiment.
- each of the plurality of HAPS 10 exchanges information on the aircraft (for example, latitude, longitude, altitude, direction of flight direction, inclination from the horizontal plane) with the adjacent HAPS 10 and performs the above coordinated flight.
- Control information to be performed is generated or selected, and control is performed so as to perform the coordinated flight based on the control information.
- the plurality of HAPSs 10 in FIG. 18 can be autonomously controlled so that the entirety of the plurality of HAPSs 10 performs coordinated flight.
- the coordinated flight of the HAPS 10 can be controlled even when all of the plurality of HAPS 10 cannot communicate with the GW station 70.
- processing steps described in this specification and the wireless relay station, feeder station, gateway station, management device, monitoring device, remote control device, server, terminal device (user device, mobile device) of the communication relay device such as HAPS 10 and 20 Station, communication terminal), base station, and base station apparatus components can be implemented by various means. For example, these steps and components may be implemented in hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof.
- entity eg, wireless relay station, feeder station, gateway station, base station, base station device, wireless relay station device, terminal device (user device, mobile station, communication terminal), management device, monitoring device , A remote control device, a server, a hard disk drive device, or an optical disk drive device
- entity eg, wireless relay station, feeder station, gateway station, base station, base station device, wireless relay station device, terminal device (user device, mobile station, communication terminal), management device, monitoring device , A remote control device, a server, a hard disk drive device, or an optical disk drive device
- ASICs application specific ICs
- DSP Digital signal processor
- DSPD digital signal processor
- PLD programmable logic device
- FPGA field programmable gate array
- processor controller, microcontroller, microprocessor, electronic device, book Functions described in the description Designed other electronic units to run, computer, or may be implemented in a combination thereof.
- firmware and / or software implementation means such as processing units used to implement the components may be programs (eg, procedures, functions, modules, instructions) that perform the functions described herein. , Etc.).
- any computer / processor readable medium that clearly embodies firmware and / or software code is means such as a processing unit used to implement the steps and components described herein. May be used to implement
- the firmware and / or software code may be stored in a memory, for example, in a control device, and executed by a computer or processor.
- the memory may be implemented inside the computer or processor, or may be implemented outside the processor.
- the firmware and / or software code may be, for example, random access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM), nonvolatile random access memory (NVRAM), programmable read only memory (PROM), electrically erasable PROM (EEPROM) ), FLASH memory, floppy disk, compact disk (CD), digital versatile disk (DVD), magnetic or optical data storage, etc. Good.
- the code may be executed by one or more computers or processors, and may cause the computers or processors to perform the functional aspects described herein.
- the medium may be a non-temporary recording medium.
- the code of the program may be read and executed by a computer, a processor, another device or an apparatus machine, and the format is not limited to a specific format.
- the code of the program may be any of source code, object code, and binary code, or two or more of these codes may be mixed.
- HAPS solar plane type
- Anchor HAPS 10F (1) to 10F
- Flight Route 20 HAPS (Airship Type)
- HAPS Airship Type
- Drone 60
- Terminal device 65
- Airplane 65
- Airplane 70
- Gateway station 72
- Artificial satellite 80
- Mobile communication network 85
- Management equipment control center, control center
- server 90 base station (eNodeB) 100, 200, 300 Beam 100A, 100A (1) to 100A (6) Cell 110, 210 Radio relay station A, B SINR degradation region
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Abstract
Description
前記システムにおいて、前記複数の無線中継装置はそれぞれ、水平方向における無線中継装置間の位置関係を維持する協調飛行を行ってもよい。
また、前記システムにおいて、前記複数の無線中継装置はそれぞれ、高さ方向における無線中継装置間の位置関係を維持するように協調飛行を行ってもよい。
また、前記システムにおいて、前記複数の無線中継装置はそれぞれ、前記無線中継装置の飛行方向及び飛行方向に対する姿勢が無線中継装置間で互いに同じになるように協調飛行を行ってもよい。
また、前記システムにおいて、前記複数の無線中継装置のいずれかの無線中継装置の飛行パターンが変化したとき、他の無線中継装置は、前記いずれかの無線中継装置の変化後の飛行パターンと同じ飛行パターンで飛行するように制御されてもよい。
また、前記システムにおいて、前記複数の無線中継装置は、各無線中継装置の位置に基づいて、地上又は海上の互いに異なる複数のエリアに対応する複数のグループに分類され、前記グループごとに前記無線中継装置の協調飛行の制御を行ってもよい。
また、前記システムにおいて、前記複数の無線中継装置のいずれかの無線中継装置を前記飛行の制御の基準となる無線中継装置に設定し、前記基準の無線中継装置を中心にして、前記基準の無線中継装置に協調して飛行するように他の無線中継装置の飛行を制御することにより、前記複数の無線中継装置の全体の協調飛行を制御してもよい。
また、前記システムにおいて、前記複数の無線中継装置を管理する管理装置を備え、前記複数の無線中継装置のいずれか一つの無線中継装置は、他の無線中継装置それぞれの現在位置、高度及び姿勢の少なくとも一つを含む情報を前記他の無線中継装置から取得し、前記管理装置は、前記複数の無線中継装置それぞれの現在位置、高度及び姿勢の少なくとも一つを含む情報を、前記いずれか一つの無線中継装置から地上又は海上のゲートウェイ局を経由して取得し、前記無線中継装置の情報に基づいて、前記協調の飛行を行うための制御情報を、前記ゲートウェイ局を経由して前記いずれか一つの無線中継装置に送信し、前記ゲートウェイ局及び前記いずれか一つの無線中継装置を経由して前記他の無線中継装置に送信してもよい。
また、前記システムにおいて、前記無線中継装置は、その無線中継装置の近くに位置する他の無線中継装置の現在位置、高度及び姿勢の少なくとも一つを含む情報を前記他の無線中継装置から取得し、前記無線中継装置の情報に基づいて前記他の無線中継装置と協調して飛行するように制御することを特徴とするシステム。
本発明の更に他の態様に係る管理装置は、端末装置と無線通信する複数の無線中継装置を管理する管理装置であって、上空を飛行して移動可能に設けられ地上又は海上に向けてセルを形成して前記セルに在圏する端末装置と無線通信する複数の無線中継装置それぞれの現在位置、高度及び姿勢の少なくとも一つを含む情報を、前記複数の無線中継装置のいずれか一つの無線中継装置から地上又は海上のゲートウェイ局を経由して取得し、前記複数の無線中継装置の情報に基づいて、無線中継装置間の位置関係を維持するように前記複数の無線中継装置が互いに協調して飛行するための制御情報を、前記ゲートウェイ局を経由して前記いずれか一つの無線中継装置に送信し、前記ゲートウェイ局及び前記いずれか一つの無線中継装置を経由して他の無線中継装置に送信する。
図1は、本発明の一実施形態に係る通信システムの全体構成の一例を示す概略構成図である。
本実施形態に係る通信システムは、多数の端末装置への同時接続や低遅延化などに対応する第5世代移動通信の3次元化ネットワークの実現に適する。また、本明細書に開示する通信システム、無線中継局、基地局、リピータ及び端末装置に適用可能な移動通信の標準規格は、第5世代の移動通信の標準規格、及び、第5世代以降の次々世代の移動通信の標準規格を含む。
図2のHAPS10は、ソーラープレーンタイプのHAPSであり、長手方向の両端部側が上方に沿った主翼部101と、主翼部101の短手方向の一端縁部にバス動力系の推進装置としての複数のモータ駆動のプロペラ103とを備える。主翼部101の上面には、太陽光発電機能を有する太陽光発電部としての太陽光発電パネル(以下「ソーラーパネル」という。)102が設けられている。また、主翼部101の下面の長手方向の2箇所には、板状の連結部104を介して、ミッション機器が収容される複数の機器収容部としてのポッド105が連結されている。各ポッド105の内部には、ミッション機器としての無線中継局110と、バッテリー106とが収容されている。また、各ポッド105の下面側には離発着時に使用される車輪107が設けられている。ソーラーパネル102で発電された電力はバッテリー106に蓄電され、バッテリー106から供給される電力により、プロペラ103のモータが回転駆動され、無線中継局110による無線中継処理が実行される。
図3のHAPS20は、無人飛行船タイプのHAPSであり、ペイロードが大きいため大容量のバッテリーを搭載することができる。HAPS20は、浮力で浮揚するためのヘリウムガス等の気体が充填された飛行船本体201と、バス動力系の推進装置としてのモータ駆動のプロペラ202と、ミッション機器が収容される機器収容部203とを備える。機器収容部203の内部には、無線中継局210とバッテリー204とが収容されている。バッテリー204から供給される電力により、プロペラ202のモータが回転駆動され、無線中継局210による無線中継処理が実行される。
複数のHAPS10,20は、上空で互いに光通信によるHAPS間通信ができるように構成され、3次元化したネットワークを広域にわたって安定に実現することができるロバスト性に優れた無線通信ネットワークを形成する。この無線通信ネットワークは、各種環境や各種情報に応じたダイナミックルーティングによるアドホックネットワークとして機能することもできる。前記無線通信ネットワークは、2次元又は3次元の各種トポロジーを有するように形成することができ、例えば、図4に示すようにメッシュ型の無線通信ネットワークであってもよい。
なお、図5において、前述の図1と共通する部分については同じ符号を付し、その説明は省略する。
図5の無線中継局110,210はリピータータイプの無線中継局の例である。無線中継局110,210はそれぞれ、3Dセル形成アンテナ部111と、送受信部112と、フィード用アンテナ部113と、送受信部114と、リピーター部115と、監視制御部116と、電源部117とを備える。更に、無線中継局110,210はそれぞれ、HAPS間通信などに用いる光通信部125と、ビーム制御部126とを備える。
図7の無線中継局110,210は基地局タイプの無線中継局の例である。
なお、図7において、図6と同様な構成要素については同じ符号を付し、説明を省略する。図7の無線中継局110,210はそれぞれ、モデム部118を更に備え、リピーター部115の代わりに基地局処理部119を備える。更に、無線中継局110,210はそれぞれ、光通信部125とビーム制御部126とを備える。
図8の無線中継局110,210はエッジコンピューティング機能を有する高機能の基地局タイプの無線中継局の例である。なお、図8において、図6及び図7と同様な構成要素については同じ符号を付し、説明を省略する。図8の無線中継局110,210はそれぞれ、図7の構成要素に加えてエッジコンピューティング部120を更に備える。
10A アンカーHAPS
10F(1)~10F(6) 飛行ルート
20 HAPS(飛行船タイプ)
40 セル形成目標空域
41,42,43 3次元セル
50 HAPSが位置する空域
60 ドローン
61 端末装置
65 飛行機
70 ゲートウェイ局(GW局)
72 人工衛星
80 移動通信網
85 管理装置(管制センター、コントロールセンター)
86 サーバ
90 基地局(eNodeB)
100,200、300 ビーム
100A,100A(1)~100A(6) セル
110,210 無線中継局
A,B SINR劣化領域
Claims (14)
- 端末装置と無線通信する複数の無線中継装置を備えるシステムであって、
前記複数の無線中継装置はそれぞれ、
上空を飛行して移動可能に設けられ、
地上又は海上に向けてセルを形成して前記セルに在圏する端末装置と無線通信する無線中継局を備え、
自律制御により又は外部からの制御により、無線中継装置間の位置関係を維持するように互いに協調して飛行することを特徴とするシステム。 - 請求項1のシステムにおいて、
前記複数の無線中継装置はそれぞれ、水平方向における無線中継装置間の位置関係を維持するように協調飛行を行うことを特徴とするシステム。 - 請求項1又は2のシステムにおいて、
前記複数の無線中継装置はそれぞれ、高さ方向における無線中継装置間の位置関係を維持するように協調飛行を行うことを特徴とするシステム。 - 請求項1乃至3のいずれかのシステムにおいて、
前記複数の無線中継装置はそれぞれ、前記無線中継装置の飛行方向及び飛行方向に対する姿勢が無線中継装置間で互いに同じになるように協調飛行を行うことを特徴とするシステム。 - 請求項1乃至4のいずれかのシステムにおいて、
前記複数の無線中継装置のいずれかの無線中継装置の飛行パターンが変化したとき、他の無線中継装置は、前記いずれかの無線中継装置の変化後の飛行パターンと同じ飛行パターンで飛行するように制御されることを特徴とするシステム。 - 請求項1乃至5のいずれかのシステムにおいて、
前記複数の無線中継装置は、各無線中継装置の位置に基づいて、地上又は海上の互いに異なる複数のエリアに対応する複数のグループに分類され、
前記グループごとに前記無線中継装置の協調飛行の制御を行うことを特徴とするシステム。 - 請求項1乃至5のいずれかのシステムにおいて、
前記複数の無線中継装置のいずれかの無線中継装置を前記飛行の制御の基準となる無線中継装置に設定し、
前記基準の無線中継装置を中心にして前記複数の無線中継装置の全体が互いに協調飛行を行うように制御することを特徴とするシステム。 - 請求項1乃至7のいずれかのシステムにおいて、
前記複数の無線中継装置を管理する管理装置を備え、
前記管理装置は、
前記複数の無線中継装置それぞれの現在位置、高度及び姿勢の少なくとも一つを含む情報を、前記複数の無線中継装置それぞれから地上又は海上のゲートウェイ局を経由して取得し、
前記無線中継装置の情報に基づいて、前記協調の飛行を行うための制御情報を、前記ゲートウェイ局を経由して前記複数の無線中継装置それぞれに送信することを特徴とするシステム。 - 請求項1乃至7のいずれかのシステムにおいて、
前記複数の無線中継装置を管理する管理装置を備え、
前記複数の無線中継装置のいずれか一つの無線中継装置は、他の無線中継装置それぞれの現在位置、高度及び姿勢の少なくとも一つを含む情報を前記他の無線中継装置から取得し、
前記管理装置は、
前記複数の無線中継装置それぞれの現在位置、高度及び姿勢の少なくとも一つを含む情報を、前記いずれか一つの無線中継装置から地上又は海上のゲートウェイ局を経由して取得し、
前記無線中継装置の情報に基づいて、前記協調の飛行を行うための制御情報を、前記ゲートウェイ局を経由して前記いずれか一つの無線中継装置に送信し、前記ゲートウェイ局及び前記いずれか一つの無線中継装置を経由して前記他の無線中継装置に送信することを特徴とするシステム。 - 請求項1乃至7のいずれかのシステムにおいて、
前記無線中継装置は、その無線中継装置の近くに位置する他の無線中継装置の現在位置、高度及び姿勢の少なくとも一つを含む情報を前記他の無線中継装置から取得し、前記無線中継装置の情報に基づいて前記他の無線中継装置と協調して飛行するように制御することを特徴とするシステム。 - 端末装置と無線通信する無線中継装置であって、
上空を飛行して移動可能に設けられ、
地上又は海上に向けてセルを形成して前記セルに在圏する端末装置と無線通信する無線中継局を備え、
自律制御により又は外部からの制御により、当該無線中継装置の近くに位置する他の無線中継装置との位置関係を維持するように前記他の無線中継装置と協調して飛行することを特徴とする無線中継装置。 - 端末装置と無線通信する複数の無線中継装置を管理する管理装置であって、
上空を飛行して移動可能に設けられ地上又は海上に向けてセルを形成して前記セルに在圏する端末装置と無線通信する複数の無線中継装置それぞれの現在位置、高度及び姿勢の少なくとも一つを含む情報を、前記複数の無線中継装置それぞれから地上又は海上のゲートウェイ局を経由して取得し、
前記複数の無線中継装置の情報に基づいて、無線中継装置間の位置関係を維持するように前記複数の無線中継装置が互いに協調して飛行するための制御情報を、前記ゲートウェイ局を経由して前記複数の無線中継装置それぞれに送信することを特徴とする管理装置。 - 端末装置と無線通信する複数の無線中継装置を管理する管理装置であって、
上空を飛行して移動可能に設けられ地上又は海上に向けてセルを形成して前記セルに在圏する端末装置と無線通信する複数の無線中継装置それぞれの現在位置、高度及び姿勢の少なくとも一つを含む情報を、前記複数の無線中継装置のいずれか一つの無線中継装置から地上又は海上のゲートウェイ局を経由して取得し、
前記複数の無線中継装置の情報に基づいて、無線中継装置間の位置関係を維持するように前記複数の無線中継装置が互いに協調して飛行するための制御情報を、前記ゲートウェイ局を経由して前記いずれか一つの無線中継装置に送信し、前記ゲートウェイ局及び前記いずれか一つの無線中継装置を経由して他の無線中継装置に送信することを特徴とする管理装置。 - 端末装置と無線通信する複数の無線中継装置の飛行方法であって、
上空を飛行して移動可能に設けられ地上又は海上に向けてセルを形成して前記セルに在圏する端末装置と無線通信する複数の無線中継装置は、自律制御により又は外部からの制御により、無線中継装置間の位置関係を維持するように互いに協調して飛行することを特徴とする飛行方法。
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EP3751885B1 (en) | 2022-12-28 |
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US11308814B2 (en) | 2022-04-19 |
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JP6813520B2 (ja) | 2021-01-13 |
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KR102280484B1 (ko) | 2021-07-21 |
CN111684830A (zh) | 2020-09-18 |
CA3090214A1 (en) | 2019-08-15 |
FI3751885T3 (fi) | 2023-01-31 |
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CA3090214C (en) | 2021-10-05 |
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JP2019140427A (ja) | 2019-08-22 |
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