WO2019149408A1 - Système et procédé de traitement de déchets - Google Patents

Système et procédé de traitement de déchets Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019149408A1
WO2019149408A1 PCT/EP2018/083629 EP2018083629W WO2019149408A1 WO 2019149408 A1 WO2019149408 A1 WO 2019149408A1 EP 2018083629 W EP2018083629 W EP 2018083629W WO 2019149408 A1 WO2019149408 A1 WO 2019149408A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
waste
flow improver
drive
torque
mixing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2018/083629
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Jens-Uwe Schultz
Armin Werner Grob
Karsten Friedrich
Original Assignee
Gebr. Lödige Maschinenbau-Gesellschaft Mit Beschränkter Haftung
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gebr. Lödige Maschinenbau-Gesellschaft Mit Beschränkter Haftung filed Critical Gebr. Lödige Maschinenbau-Gesellschaft Mit Beschränkter Haftung
Priority to EP18815181.5A priority Critical patent/EP3746726A1/fr
Publication of WO2019149408A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019149408A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B11/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive
    • F26B11/02—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive in moving drums or other mainly-closed receptacles
    • F26B11/04—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive in moving drums or other mainly-closed receptacles rotating about a horizontal or slightly-inclined axis
    • F26B11/0445—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive in moving drums or other mainly-closed receptacles rotating about a horizontal or slightly-inclined axis having conductive heating arrangements, e.g. heated drum wall
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B2200/00—Drying processes and machines for solid materials characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
    • F26B2200/02—Biomass, e.g. waste vegetative matter, straw
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B2200/00—Drying processes and machines for solid materials characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
    • F26B2200/04—Garbage

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an apparatus and a method for waste treatment.
  • a dryer such as a heated mixer that evaporates excess water and the product dries so far that it can then be burned.
  • the object of the invention is achieved by a device and a method for a waste treatment, comprising the features of the main claim or the secondary claim.
  • Advantageous embodiments emerge from the dependent claims.
  • the device comprises a heatable mixer.
  • the mixer comprises a mixing chamber with one or more mixing tools located therein and a drive for the mixing tools. There are heating means for heating the mixing space.
  • the device comprises a measuring and control device which measures the torque directly or indirectly, with which the mixing tools are driven during a drying of waste. Upon reaching a specified torque limit, a flow improver is added to the wastes using the metering and control device and a flow improver supply. The added flow improver reduces the required torque at the same speed. It suffices thereby a significantly lower drive power for the mixing tools.
  • a flow improver is a substance that can improve the fluidity of waste so that a higher degree of dryness can be achieved. Water is therefore not a flow improver in the sense of the present invention. Although an addition of water would improve the flowability. But as soon as the added water has evaporated again, the state before the addition of water is reached again, without thereby a higher degree of dryness would have been achieved.
  • a flow improver therefore, is a substance which can not be removed by drying, but which remains in the dryer during drying. Suitable flow improvers are, for example, oils. If an oil has been added to the wastes when too much torque is exceeded, the mixture of waste and oil does not lose its improved flowability due to evaporation of the oil. It can therefore be improved by the addition of oil, the flowability so that it can achieve a higher degree of dryness.
  • An oil is also particularly suitable as a flow improver, because it can eventually burn and therefore therefore can support waste disposal by combustion.
  • a flow improver is selected so that it remains in the waste following drying so that the Flow improver can burn with.
  • Another example of a flow improver that can do this is ester.
  • a food oil such as sunflower oil is used as a flow improver.
  • oils can be used which a cruise ship carries with it anyway or oils that have to be disposed of after use. Secondly, further environmentally harmful disadvantages are avoided.
  • a flow improver is selected in one embodiment so that it does not hinder a final burning.
  • Examples of sufficiently environmentally friendly flow improvers that can do this are calcium oxide or soaps.
  • a flow improver is selected so that it reacts in the context of combustion with other substances in an environmentally friendly manner.
  • An example of such a flow improver is calcium oxide, which reacts with sulfur dioxide as part of a combustion and thereby can avoid environmental disadvantages.
  • a flow improver is selected so that it can be decomposed by combustion into combustible constituents.
  • Surfactants are examples of such flow improvers.
  • temperatures of, for example, 800 ° C are reached, which are high enough to decompose surfactants.
  • Resultant components are then flammable, which promotes waste disposal by burning.
  • a flow improver is selected so that it can pose no danger to the environment and health. All exemplified flow improvers meet this requirement sufficiently well.
  • the substances mentioned are preferably present as powders.
  • the measuring and control device is set up so that it measures and monitors the drive power for the mixing tools. If the drive power exceeds a preset limit, the flow improver is added.
  • the rotational speed of the mixing tools is initially reduced in order to avoid a standstill caused by a standstill. Only after reaching a preselected lower limit for the rotational speed, an addition of a flow improver, so as to avoid a zähphasen Strukturen standstill. It can be kept advantageously low the amount for a flow improver to be used.
  • the drive is an electric drive, which is operated with alternating current.
  • a frequency converter is a converter that converts AC voltage into a frequency and amplitude variable AC voltage for the direct supply of electrical machines such as three-phase motors
  • the frequency converter can therefore be used to change the frequency of the alternating current used to drive the electric drive.
  • the rotation speed of the mixing tools can be changed. There is thus a simple technical possibility available to initially reduce rotational speeds, so as to avoid a zähphasen employmenten standstill.
  • an initial rotational speed of the one or more mixing tools is reduced by at least 20%, preferably by at least 30%, more preferably by at least 40%, so as to avoid a viscous-phase standstill.
  • the frequency converter is selected such that this state parameter of the electric drive can detect such that the drive power of the electric drive can be determined.
  • these drive condition determining state parameters include applied voltage and the current flowing current.
  • the frequency of the alternating current belongs to the state parameters, in particular in one embodiment of the invention, in which a frequency change is provided in the context of drying. Frequency converters that can do this are commercially available. By such a frequency converter can thus be determined with little technical effort, a measure of the torque to control depending on the addition of a flow improver and regulate.
  • the frequency converter can be used to set frequencies at least between 10 Hz and 86 Hz.
  • the lower limit can also be 20 Hz or 30 Hz.
  • the upper limit can also be 60 Hz or 50 Hz
  • a torque measuring shaft is provided, with which the torque is measured during a drying of waste. This reading is used to control the addition of a flow improver and, if necessary, the speed of rotation as a function of the torque required.
  • a torque measuring shaft is provided, with which the torque is measured during a drying of waste. This reading is used to control the addition of a flow improver and, if necessary, the speed of rotation as a function of the torque required.
  • Such a configuration is particularly suitable when no electric drive is used, but for example a hydraulic drive.
  • the drive is rotatably mounted and connected to a load cell or other force sensor so that the load cell or the force sensor obstructs rotation of the drive about its rotatable mounting around and at the same time determines a measure of a force with the drive then acts on the load cell or the force sensor.
  • the measure thus determined is then a measure of the torque which has to be expended for rotating the mixing tools during drying.
  • This measure is used to control the addition of a flow improver as well as, if necessary, the speed of rotation as a function of the torque required.
  • Such a configuration is particularly suitable when no electric drive is used, but for example a hydraulic drive.
  • the addition of the flow improver is stopped in one embodiment when the drive power for the mixing tools falls below a preset limit. It can be the same limit. However, the limit for stopping is advantageously less than the limit for adding the flow improver.
  • a preset amount of flow improver of, for example, at least one liter when a preset limit is exceeded is added to the waste to be dried.
  • the mixing chamber comprises a double jacket for heating the mixing space.
  • the mixing space can then be heated by a heated oil or hot steam which is passed through the jacket.
  • the mixing chamber can be heated electrically.
  • the volume of the mixing chamber is advantageously at least 1000 l, preferably at least 3000 l, more preferably at least 8000 l or at least 16000 l.
  • waste that is produced on ships with many people on board is dried.
  • FIG. 1 shows a section through a horizontal mixer 1 with a heatable mixing chamber 2, in which a plurality of plowshare-like mixing tools 3 are fastened to a horizontally mounted shaft 4.
  • the mixer 1 has a filler neck 5 on the upper side 4, via which waste can be filled into the mixing chamber 2.
  • Via a lance 7, a flow improver can be added.
  • a flow improver can also be added via the filler neck 5.
  • the shaft 4 is connected at one end to an electric motor 8, which serves as a drive for the shaft.
  • a measuring and control device 9 which can measure the electrical power with which the electric motor 8 is driven.
  • an upper and a lower limit is stored in the measuring and control device 9. If the measured electric power exceeds the upper limit value, a flow improver is added to the mixing chamber 2, controlled by the measuring and control device 9. The addition of the flow improver is stopped by the measuring and control device 9 as soon as the lower limit value is exceeded.
  • the upper limit is greater than the lower limit.
  • a hydraulically driven motor may be provided instead of the electric motor 8.
  • the drive 8 may be rotatably mounted. An unimpeded rotational movement in the mixing direction and in the clockwise direction, as indicated by an arrow, is then prevented by a force sensor 10 fixedly mounted, since the force sensor 10 is connected to the drive 8. The force sensor then indicates the force with which it is being pulled. There is thus a measure of the torque available to be used for mixing.
  • the jacket 1 1 of the mixing chamber 2 may be a double jacket, so consist of a double wall. If hot steam or hot oil is passed through in the space between the two walls, the mixing space 2 is thereby heated.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système et un procédé de traitement de déchets qui permettent un séchage amélioré et suffisant des déchets, sans nécessiter une puissance d'entraînement démesurément élevée. Le système comprend un mélangeur (1) chauffant. Le mélangeur (1) comprend une chambre de mélange (2) dans laquelle se trouvent un ou plusieurs outils de mélange (3) et un entraînement (8) des outils de mélange (3). Un moyen de chauffage permet de chauffer la chambre de mélange (2). L'invention vise à éviter un pic de couple important pendant le séchage, et donc à permettre d'utiliser une puissance d'entraînement durablement réduite. À cet effet, le système comprend un dispositif de mesure et de commande (9) qui mesure directement ou indirectement le couple auquel les outils de mélange (3) sont entraînés pendant un séchage de déchets. Un fluidifiant est ajouté aux déchets une fois que le couple a atteint une valeur limite définie, et ce au moyen du dispositif de mesure et de commande (9) et d'un dispositif d'alimentation (5, 7). Le fluidifiant ajouté permet de réduire le couple nécessaire pour une même vitesse de rotation. Une puissance d'entraînement nettement réduite suffit donc pour l'outil de mélange (3). Il ne se produit pas d'immobilisations du sécheur liées à la phase de cisaillement, et donc pas de rebuts lors de l'élimination des ordures sur un bateau.
PCT/EP2018/083629 2018-02-01 2018-12-05 Système et procédé de traitement de déchets WO2019149408A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18815181.5A EP3746726A1 (fr) 2018-02-01 2018-12-05 Système et procédé de traitement de déchets

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102018201505.8 2018-02-01
DE102018201505.8A DE102018201505B3 (de) 2018-02-01 2018-02-01 Vorrichtung und Verfahren für eine Abfallbehandlung

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2019149408A1 true WO2019149408A1 (fr) 2019-08-08

Family

ID=64650403

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2018/083629 WO2019149408A1 (fr) 2018-02-01 2018-12-05 Système et procédé de traitement de déchets

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3746726A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102018201505B3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2019149408A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111550995A (zh) * 2020-05-19 2020-08-18 刘洋 一种印刷机用碳粉连续化生产装置

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0090261A2 (fr) * 1982-03-30 1983-10-05 Kurimoto, Ltd. Appareil de séchage
WO2014073203A1 (fr) * 2012-11-06 2014-05-15 共立工業株式会社 Système de traitement par séchage pour traiter un sujet ayant des propriétés fluides et procédé de fabrication d'un objet séché à l'aide de ce système
DE102015115785A1 (de) 2015-09-18 2017-04-20 Ambiente E Nutrizione S.R.L. Verfahren zum Entsorgen von Essensabfällen oder organischem Abfall
US20170174579A1 (en) * 2015-12-17 2017-06-22 Whirlpool Corporation Composting device

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0090261A2 (fr) * 1982-03-30 1983-10-05 Kurimoto, Ltd. Appareil de séchage
WO2014073203A1 (fr) * 2012-11-06 2014-05-15 共立工業株式会社 Système de traitement par séchage pour traiter un sujet ayant des propriétés fluides et procédé de fabrication d'un objet séché à l'aide de ce système
DE102015115785A1 (de) 2015-09-18 2017-04-20 Ambiente E Nutrizione S.R.L. Verfahren zum Entsorgen von Essensabfällen oder organischem Abfall
US20170174579A1 (en) * 2015-12-17 2017-06-22 Whirlpool Corporation Composting device

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111550995A (zh) * 2020-05-19 2020-08-18 刘洋 一种印刷机用碳粉连续化生产装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3746726A1 (fr) 2020-12-09
DE102018201505B3 (de) 2019-01-17

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