WO2019148331A1 - 一种光伏组件背板 - Google Patents

一种光伏组件背板 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019148331A1
WO2019148331A1 PCT/CN2018/074605 CN2018074605W WO2019148331A1 WO 2019148331 A1 WO2019148331 A1 WO 2019148331A1 CN 2018074605 W CN2018074605 W CN 2018074605W WO 2019148331 A1 WO2019148331 A1 WO 2019148331A1
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parts
layer
photovoltaic module
resistant
moisture
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PCT/CN2018/074605
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English (en)
French (fr)
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黄菲
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江苏科力斯通新材料有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2018/074605 priority Critical patent/WO2019148331A1/zh
Publication of WO2019148331A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019148331A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J147/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
    • H01L31/049—Protective back sheets
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic modules, and in particular to a photovoltaic module backboard.
  • the solar photovoltaic module is an important component of the photovoltaic module, which plays the role of protection, insulation and moisture vapor barrier. Therefore, the performance of the photovoltaic module backplane directly affects the service life of the photovoltaic module and the power conversion rate.
  • the protection and support functions require reliable insulation, water resistance and aging resistance.
  • the composite photovoltaic module back plate structure is mostly a fluorine-containing material layer/PET layer/PE layer or PEVA bonding layer, and each layer material passes.
  • Adhesive bonding the total thickness is 250 ⁇ 400 ⁇ m, the local voltage of this traditional structure backboard can only reach 1000 ⁇ 1200V in this thickness range, if you want to meet the application of ultra-high pressure components, you can only take thick material The cost is greatly increased, and the application is too thick.
  • the solar backsheet generally has a three-layer structure
  • the outer protective layer is a fluoropolymer layer, and has good environmental corrosion resistance
  • the middle layer is a polyester film layer capable of biaxial stretching, and has good insulation properties and mechanical properties.
  • the inner layer is a fluoropolymer layer or a polyethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer layer, which has good adhesion to the packaging material EVA.
  • neither the PET film nor the fluorine film can be bonded by a thermal compounding process, which not only imposes a great limitation on the production of the PET composite film, but also adversely affects the performance of related products.
  • the preparation methods of the backsheet materials at home and abroad are mostly coated with a polyurethane binder on both surfaces of the PET barrier film, and then respectively combined with a fluorine film and a fluorine film, a fluorine film and an EVA film, a fluorine film and a PE film.
  • the preparation method mainly solves the problem of adhesion between fluorine film and PET film, PET film and EVA (PE) film, but there are still defects: using a staged composite means, that is, first coating and compounding on one surface of the PET film After a film, the other surface of the PET film is coated with another film, the process is more complicated; domestic polyurethane adhesives need to be imported, making the production cost of the solar backing plate too high; due to the polyurethane adhesive For the solvent-based binder, a large amount of organic solvent is required, and these organic solvents may cause certain pollution to the environment, and may also adversely affect the health of the operator, which may cause safety and environmental problems; Polyurethane adhesive layer will degrade during long-term use, resulting in separation and shedding between layers, which will cause solar cell components to be scrapped due to loss of protection.
  • PE EVA
  • a photovoltaic module backsheet comprises: a weatherable layer, a bonding layer, a base layer and a coating layer, wherein the weathering layer, the bonding layer, the base layer and the coating are sequentially laminated from top to bottom, the bonding
  • the layering layer bonds the weatherable layer to the base layer
  • the weathering layer is a fluorine-containing film layer
  • the bonding layer is a moisture-resistant heat-resistant adhesive
  • the moisture-resistant heat-resistant adhesive comprises ten parts by weight 10 to 16 parts of sodium octadecane sulfonate, 4 to 8 parts of diisooctyl phthalate, 4 to 8 parts of pentadiene, 6 to 12 parts of acrylic acid, 2 to 4 parts of methyl isobutyl ketone, methyl 10 to 18 parts of methyl acrylate and 10 parts of n-butyl methacrylate.
  • the utility model adopts a photovoltaic module backboard which has a simple structure and replaces the original polyethylene terephthalate (PET) with a polyolefin material, and the insulation performance is improved by more than 20% under the condition of constant thickness.
  • the water permeability is reduced to 50% of the conventional PET back sheet structure, and the heat shrinkage rate is remarkably reduced, the structure is novel, the performance is excellent, and the waterproof performance is improved to over 96%.
  • the moisture-resistant heat-resistant adhesive comprises 13 parts by weight of sodium stearyl sulfonate, 6 parts of diisooctyl phthalate, 6 parts of pentadiene, 9 parts of acrylic acid, and methyl isobutylate. 3 parts of ketone, 14 parts of methyl methacrylate and 10 parts of n-butyl methacrylate.
  • the preparation method of the moisture-resistant heat-resistant adhesive is as follows: 13 parts of the above-mentioned sodium stearyl sulfonate, 6 parts of diisooctyl phthalate, 6 parts of pentadiene, 9 parts of acrylic acid, A 3 parts of isobutyl ketone, 14 parts of methyl methacrylate, 10 parts by weight of n-butyl methacrylate, the component was raised to 60 ° C at a heating rate of 4 ° C / min, and stirred well, the stirring rate was 400 rpm / Min, the stirring time is 4 to 6 hours, and the temperature is raised to 80 ° C at a rate of 2 ° C / min, stirred well for 2 to 4 hours, and the stirring rate is 300 rpm, to obtain a primary product.
  • the emulsified wetting agent is one of tridecyl acrylate, phenoxyethyl acrylate, benzyl acrylate or isobornyl acrylate.
  • the fluorine-containing film layer comprises at least one of polyvinyl fluoride, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinylidene fluoride, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, and ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene copolymer.
  • the fluorine-containing film layer has a thickness of 200 to 400 ⁇ m.
  • the base layer is a polyolefin resin film layer, and the polyolefin resin film layer has a thickness of 400 to 650 ⁇ m.
  • the polyolefin resin film layer is composed of homopolyethylene, copolymerized polyethylene, and homopolypropylene.
  • the ratio of the parts by weight of the homopolyethylene, the copolymerized polyethylene and the homopolypropylene is 1:1:2.
  • the polyolefin resin film layer has excellent properties such as anti-aging, high insulation, high barrier, and low shrinkage;
  • the fluorine-containing film layer has good dimensional stability and weather resistance.
  • a photovoltaic module backboard comprising: a weathering layer, a bonding layer, a base layer and a coating layer, wherein the weathering layer, the bonding layer, the base layer and the coating are sequentially laminated from top to bottom, and the bonding layer adheres the weathering layer to the base layer
  • the weathering layer is a fluorine-containing film layer
  • the fluorine-containing film layer includes polyvinyl fluoride, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinylidene fluoride, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, and ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene copolymer.
  • At least one of the fluorine-containing film layers has a thickness of 200 ⁇ m;
  • the base layer is a polyolefin resin film layer, the polyolefin resin film layer has a thickness of 400 ⁇ m, and the polyolefin resin film layer is composed of homopolyethylene, copolymerized polyethylene, and homopolymer.
  • the composition of polypropylene, the ratio of parts by weight of homopolyethylene, copolymerized polyethylene and homopolypropylene is 1:1:2.
  • the bonding layer is a moisture-resistant heat-resistant adhesive
  • the moisture-resistant heat-resistant adhesive comprises 10 parts by weight of sodium stearyl sulfonate, 4 parts of diisooctyl phthalate, 4 parts of pentadiene, and 6 parts of acrylic acid. 2 parts of methyl isobutyl ketone, 10 parts of methyl methacrylate and 10 parts of n-butyl methacrylate.
  • the preparation method of the moisture-resistant heat-resistant adhesive is as follows: 10 parts of the above-mentioned sodium stearyl sulfonate, 4 parts of diisooctyl phthalate, 4 parts of pentadiene, 6 parts of acrylic acid, and methyl isobutyl ketone 2 Parts, 10 parts of methyl methacrylate, 10 parts by weight of n-butyl methacrylate, the components are raised to 60 ° C at a heating rate of 4 ° C / min, stirred well, stirring rate is 400 rev / min, the stirring time is After 4 hours, the temperature was raised to 80 ° C at a rate of 2 ° C / min, stirred for 2 hours, and the stirring rate was 300 rpm to obtain a primary product; 6 parts of the emulsified wetting agent was added to the primary product, and the mixture was removed under vacuum. The gas was then adjusted to pH 7 with a 20% by mass NaOH solution, and the temperature was lowered to room temperature to obtain
  • the emulsification wetting agent is one of tridecyl acrylate, phenoxyethyl acrylate, benzyl acrylate or isobornyl acrylate.
  • a photovoltaic module backboard comprising: a weathering layer, a bonding layer, a base layer and a coating layer, wherein the weathering layer, the bonding layer, the base layer and the coating are sequentially laminated from top to bottom, and the bonding layer adheres the weathering layer to the base layer
  • the weathering layer is a fluorine-containing film layer
  • the fluorine-containing film layer includes polyvinyl fluoride, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinylidene fluoride, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, and ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene copolymer.
  • At least one of the fluorine-containing film layers has a thickness of 300 ⁇ m;
  • the base layer is a polyolefin resin film layer, the polyolefin resin film layer has a thickness of 525 ⁇ m, and the polyolefin resin film layer is composed of homopolyethylene, copolymerized polyethylene, and homopolymer.
  • the composition of polypropylene, the ratio of parts by weight of homopolyethylene, copolymerized polyethylene and homopolypropylene is 1:1:2.
  • the adhesive layer is a moisture-resistant heat-resistant adhesive
  • the moisture-resistant heat-resistant adhesive comprises the following parts by weight
  • the wet heat-resistant adhesive comprises 13 parts by weight of sodium stearyl sulfonate
  • phthalic acid 6 parts of isooctyl ester
  • 6 parts of pentadiene 9 parts of acrylic acid
  • 3 parts of methyl isobutyl ketone 14 parts of methyl methacrylate and 10 parts of n-butyl methacrylate.
  • the preparation method of the moisture-resistant heat-resistant adhesive is as follows:
  • the above-mentioned heat-resistant heat-resistant adhesive is optimized to include 13 parts by weight of sodium stearyl sulfonate and 6 parts of diisooctyl phthalate. 6 parts of dienes, 9 parts of acrylic acid, 3 parts of methyl isobutyl ketone, 14 parts of methyl methacrylate, and 10 parts by weight of n-butyl methacrylate were added to 60 ° C at a heating rate of 4 ° C / min.
  • the emulsification wetting agent is one of tridecyl acrylate, phenoxyethyl acrylate, benzyl acrylate or isobornyl acrylate.
  • a photovoltaic module backboard comprising: a weathering layer, a bonding layer, a base layer and a coating layer, wherein the weathering layer, the bonding layer, the base layer and the coating are sequentially laminated from top to bottom, and the bonding layer adheres the weathering layer to the base layer
  • the weathering layer is a fluorine-containing film layer
  • the fluorine-containing film layer includes polyvinyl fluoride, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinylidene fluoride, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, and ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene copolymer.
  • At least one of the fluorine-containing film layers has a thickness of 400 ⁇ m;
  • the base layer is a polyolefin resin film layer, the polyolefin resin film layer has a thickness of 650 ⁇ m, and the polyolefin resin film layer is composed of homopolyethylene, copolymerized polyethylene, and homopolymer.
  • the composition of polypropylene, the ratio of parts by weight of homopolyethylene, copolymerized polyethylene and homopolypropylene is 1:1:2.
  • the adhesive layer is a moisture-resistant heat-resistant adhesive
  • the wet heat-resistant adhesive comprises 16 parts by weight of sodium stearyl sulfonate, 8 parts of diisooctyl phthalate, 8 parts of pentadiene, and 12 parts of acrylic acid. 4 parts of methyl isobutyl ketone, 18 parts of methyl methacrylate and 10 parts of n-butyl methacrylate.
  • the preparation method of the moisture-resistant heat-resistant adhesive is as follows: 16 parts of the above-mentioned sodium stearyl sulfonate, 8 parts of diisooctyl phthalate, 8 parts of pentadiene, 12 parts of acrylic acid, and methyl isobutyl ketone 4 Parts, 18 parts of methyl methacrylate, 10 parts by weight of n-butyl methacrylate, the components are raised to 60 ° C at a heating rate of 4 ° C / min, stirred well, stirring rate is 400 rev / min, stirring time is After 6 hours, the temperature was raised to 80 ° C at a rate of 2 ° C / min, stirred for 4 hours, and the stirring rate was 300 rpm to obtain a primary product; 8 parts of the emulsified wetting agent was added to the primary product, and the mixture was removed under vacuum. The gas was then adjusted to pH 7 with a 20% by mass NaOH solution, and the temperature was lowered to room temperature to obtain a
  • the emulsification wetting agent is one of tridecyl acrylate, phenoxyethyl acrylate, benzyl acrylate or isobornyl acrylate.

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Abstract

一种光伏组件背板，包括：耐候层、粘结层、基层和涂层，所述耐候层、粘结层、基层和涂层依次从上而下复合而成，所述粘结层将所述耐候层与所述基层粘结在一起，所述耐候层为含氟膜层，所述粘结层为耐湿热粘合剂，所述耐湿热粘合剂包括如下重量份的十八烷基磺酸钠10～16份，邻苯二甲酸二异辛酯4～8份，戊二烯4～8份，丙烯酸6～12份，甲基异丁酮2～4份，甲基丙烯酸甲酯10～18份，甲基丙烯酸正丁酯10份。所述光伏组件背板在厚度不变的情况下，绝缘性提升20%以上，透水率降低至传统PET背板结构的50%，并显著降低热收缩率，防水性能提升至96%以上。

Description

一种光伏组件背板 技术领域
本发明涉及光伏组件技术领域，具体涉及一种光伏组件背板。
背景技术
太阳能光伏组件是光伏组件的重要组成部分，起到保护、绝缘、阻隔水汽等作用，因此光伏组件背板性能的优劣直接影响到光伏组件的使用寿命和发电转换率，背板对电池片起保护和支撑作用，要求具有可靠的绝缘性、阻水性、耐老化性；目前，复合型光伏组件背板结构多为含氟材料层/PET层/PE层或PEVA粘结层，各层材料通过胶粘剂粘接，总厚度为250～400μm，这种传统结构背板的局方电压在此厚度范围内只能达到1000～1200V，如果要满足超高压组件的应用，只能采取加厚材料的方式，成本大大上升，且过厚应用不便。
太阳能背板一般具有三层结构，外层保护层为含氟聚合物层，具有良好的抗环境侵蚀能力，中间层为能够双向拉伸的聚脂薄膜层，具有良好的绝缘性能以及力学性能，内层为含氟聚合物层或是聚乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物层，与封装材料EVA具有良好的粘结性。在现有技术中，PET膜与氟膜均不能通过热复合工艺进行粘结，这不仅对PET复合膜的生产造成了很大的限制，还对相关产品的性能产生不良影响。目前国内外背板材料的制备方法，大都是在PET阻隔膜的两个表面分别涂抹聚氨酯粘结剂，然后再分别复合氟膜和氟膜、氟膜和EVA膜、氟膜和PE膜，这种制备方法主要解决了氟膜与PET膜、PET膜与EVA(PE)膜的粘结性问题，但仍存在缺陷：采用阶段式的复合手段，即先在PET膜的一表面涂胶并复合一层膜后，再在PET膜的另一表面涂胶并复合另一层膜，工序比较复杂；国内聚氨酯粘结剂都需要进口，使得太阳能背板的生产成本过高；由于聚氨酯粘结剂为溶剂型粘结剂，需要使用大量的有机溶剂，而这些有机溶剂会对环境造成一定的污染，并且对操作工人的健康也会产生不良影响，容易引发安全及环保方面的问题；所述的聚氨酯胶层 在长期使用的过程中会发生降解，导致层间分离和脱落的现象，进而会使太阳能电池组件因失去保护而被报废。
发明内容
本发明的目的提供一种光伏组件背板，解决上述现有技术问题中的一个或者多个。
根据本发明的一种光伏组件背板，包括：耐候层、粘结层、基层和涂层，所述耐候层、粘结层、基层和涂层依次从上而下复合而成，所述粘结层将所述耐候层与所述基层粘结一起，所述耐候层为含氟膜层，所述粘结层为耐湿热粘合剂，所述耐湿热粘合剂包括如下重量份的十八烷基磺酸钠10～16份，邻苯二甲酸二异辛酯4～8份，戊二烯4～8份，丙烯酸6～12份，甲基异丁酮2～4份，甲基丙烯酸甲酯10～18份，甲基丙烯酸正丁酯10份。
本发明所采用的一种光伏组件背板，结构简单，采用聚烯烃材料替换原有的聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)，在厚度不变的情况下，绝缘性能提升20％以上，透水率降低至传统PET背板结构的50％，并显著降低热收缩率，结构新颖，性能优良，防水性能提升至96％以上。
优化的，所述耐湿热粘合剂包括如下重量份的十八烷基磺酸钠13份，邻苯二甲酸二异辛酯6份，戊二烯6份，丙烯酸9份，甲基异丁酮3份，甲基丙烯酸甲酯14份，甲基丙烯酸正丁酯10份。
优化的，所述耐湿热粘合剂的制备方法如下：将上述中十八烷基磺酸钠13份，邻苯二甲酸二异辛酯6份，戊二烯6份，丙烯酸9份，甲基异丁酮3份，甲基丙烯酸甲酯14份，甲基丙烯酸正丁酯10份的重量份组分以4℃/min的升温速率升至60℃，充分搅拌，搅拌速率为400转/min，搅拌时间为4～6小时，再以2℃/min的速率升温至80℃，充分搅拌2～4小时，搅拌速率为300转/min，得到初级产物。
优化的，将上述的初级产物中加入乳化润湿剂6～8份，在真空条件下脱气，而后用质量百分含量为20％的NaOH溶液调整pH值为7，降温至室温，得到耐湿热粘合剂乳液。
优化的，所述乳化润湿剂为丙烯酸十三烷基酯、丙烯酸苯氧基乙基酯、丙烯酸苄基酯或丙烯酸异冰片酯中的一种。
优化的，所述含氟膜层包括聚氟乙烯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇脂、聚偏氟乙烯、乙烯-四氟乙烯共聚物、乙烯三氟氯乙烯共聚物中的至少一种。
优化的，所述含氟膜层的厚度为200～400μm。
优化的，所述基层为聚烯烃树脂膜层，所述聚烯烃树脂膜层的厚度为400～650μm。
优化的，所述聚烯烃树脂膜层由均聚聚乙烯、共聚聚乙烯和均聚聚丙烯组成。
优化的，所述均聚聚乙烯、共聚聚乙烯和均聚聚丙烯的重量份之比为1:1:2。
聚烯烃树脂膜层具有抗老化、高绝缘、高阻隔、低收缩等优良性能；
含氟膜层有很好的尺寸稳定性和耐候性。
本发明的优点在于：
1、结构新颖、简单；
2、采用高绝缘聚烯烃材料，在同等厚度下，实现更高的局放的需求，适用于超高压组件的应用；
3、具备高绝缘、高阻隔、高反射、低收缩、低透水和卓越的耐候性能等特性；高绝缘特性，能减少电池漏电，有效提高电池组件耐压等级；高阻隔性能，能保障组件在潮湿的安装环境下能使用；高日光反射率，达到85％以上，有效提升组件发电率；低热收缩率，确保双腔层压过程中的尺寸稳定性；卓越的耐候性能，能为组件提供25年以上的可靠保障。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实验数值，对本发明进行进一步详细的说明。
实施例1
一种光伏组件背板，包括：耐候层、粘结层、基层和涂层，耐候层、粘结层、基层和涂层依次从上而下复合而成，粘结层将耐候层与基层粘结一起，耐候层为含氟膜层，含氟膜层包括聚氟乙烯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇脂、聚偏氟乙烯、乙烯-四氟乙烯共聚物、乙烯三氟氯乙烯共聚物中的至少一种，含氟膜层的厚度为200μm；基层为聚烯烃树脂膜层，聚烯烃树脂膜层的厚度为400μm，聚烯烃树脂膜层由均聚聚乙烯、共聚聚乙烯和均聚聚丙烯组成，均聚聚 乙烯、共聚聚乙烯和均聚聚丙烯的重量份之比为1:1:2。
粘结层为耐湿热粘合剂，耐湿热粘合剂包括如下重量份的十八烷基磺酸钠10份，邻苯二甲酸二异辛酯4份，戊二烯4份，丙烯酸6份，甲基异丁酮2份，甲基丙烯酸甲酯10份，甲基丙烯酸正丁酯10份。
耐湿热粘合剂的制备方法如下：将上述中十八烷基磺酸钠10份，邻苯二甲酸二异辛酯4份，戊二烯4份，丙烯酸6份，甲基异丁酮2份，甲基丙烯酸甲酯10份，甲基丙烯酸正丁酯10份的重量份组分以4℃/min的升温速率升至60℃，充分搅拌，搅拌速率为400转/min，搅拌时间为4小时，再以2℃/min的速率升温至80℃，充分搅拌2小时，搅拌速率为300转/min，得到初级产物；将初级产物中加入乳化润湿剂6份，在真空条件下脱气，而后用质量百分含量为20％的NaOH溶液调整pH值为7，降温至室温，得到耐湿热粘合剂乳液。
乳化润湿剂为丙烯酸十三烷基酯、丙烯酸苯氧基乙基酯、丙烯酸苄基酯或丙烯酸异冰片酯中的一种。
实施例2
一种光伏组件背板，包括：耐候层、粘结层、基层和涂层，耐候层、粘结层、基层和涂层依次从上而下复合而成，粘结层将耐候层与基层粘结一起，耐候层为含氟膜层，含氟膜层包括聚氟乙烯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇脂、聚偏氟乙烯、乙烯-四氟乙烯共聚物、乙烯三氟氯乙烯共聚物中的至少一种，含氟膜层的厚度为300μm；基层为聚烯烃树脂膜层，聚烯烃树脂膜层的厚度为525μm，聚烯烃树脂膜层由均聚聚乙烯、共聚聚乙烯和均聚聚丙烯组成，均聚聚乙烯、共聚聚乙烯和均聚聚丙烯的重量份之比为1:1:2。
粘结层为耐湿热粘合剂，耐湿热粘合剂包括如下重量份的优化的，所述耐湿热粘合剂包括如下重量份的十八烷基磺酸钠13份，邻苯二甲酸二异辛酯6份，戊二烯6份，丙烯酸9份，甲基异丁酮3份，甲基丙烯酸甲酯14份，甲基丙烯酸正丁酯10份。
耐湿热粘合剂的制备方法如下：将上述中优化的，所述耐湿热粘合剂包括如下重量份的十八烷基磺酸钠13份，邻苯二甲酸二异辛酯6份，戊二烯6份，丙烯酸9份，甲基异丁酮3份，甲基丙烯酸甲酯14份，甲基丙烯酸正丁酯10份的重量份组分以4℃/min的升温速率升至60℃，充分搅拌，搅拌 速率为400转/min，搅拌时间为5小时，再以2℃/min的速率升温至80℃，充分搅拌3小时，搅拌速率为300转/min，得到初级产物；将初级产物中加入乳化润湿剂7份，在真空条件下脱气，而后用质量百分含量为20％的NaOH溶液调整pH值为7，降温至室温，得到耐湿热粘合剂乳液。
乳化润湿剂为丙烯酸十三烷基酯、丙烯酸苯氧基乙基酯、丙烯酸苄基酯或丙烯酸异冰片酯中的一种。
实施例3
一种光伏组件背板，包括：耐候层、粘结层、基层和涂层，耐候层、粘结层、基层和涂层依次从上而下复合而成，粘结层将耐候层与基层粘结一起，耐候层为含氟膜层，含氟膜层包括聚氟乙烯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇脂、聚偏氟乙烯、乙烯-四氟乙烯共聚物、乙烯三氟氯乙烯共聚物中的至少一种，含氟膜层的厚度为400μm；基层为聚烯烃树脂膜层，聚烯烃树脂膜层的厚度为650μm，聚烯烃树脂膜层由均聚聚乙烯、共聚聚乙烯和均聚聚丙烯组成，均聚聚乙烯、共聚聚乙烯和均聚聚丙烯的重量份之比为1:1:2。
粘结层为耐湿热粘合剂，耐湿热粘合剂包括如下重量份的十八烷基磺酸钠16份，邻苯二甲酸二异辛酯8份，戊二烯8份，丙烯酸12份，甲基异丁酮4份，甲基丙烯酸甲酯18份，甲基丙烯酸正丁酯10份。
耐湿热粘合剂的制备方法如下：将上述中十八烷基磺酸钠16份，邻苯二甲酸二异辛酯8份，戊二烯8份，丙烯酸12份，甲基异丁酮4份，甲基丙烯酸甲酯18份，甲基丙烯酸正丁酯10份的重量份组分以4℃/min的升温速率升至60℃，充分搅拌，搅拌速率为400转/min，搅拌时间为6小时，再以2℃/min的速率升温至80℃，充分搅拌4小时，搅拌速率为300转/min，得到初级产物；将初级产物中加入乳化润湿剂8份，在真空条件下脱气，而后用质量百分含量为20％的NaOH溶液调整pH值为7，降温至室温，得到耐湿热粘合剂乳液。
乳化润湿剂为丙烯酸十三烷基酯、丙烯酸苯氧基乙基酯、丙烯酸苄基酯或丙烯酸异冰片酯中的一种。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选方式，应当指出，对于本领域普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明创造构思的前提下，还可以做出若干相似的变形和改进，这些也应视为本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种光伏组件背板，其特征在于，包括：耐候层、粘结层、基层和涂层，所述耐候层、粘结层、基层和涂层依次从上而下复合而成，所述粘结层将所述耐候层与所述基层粘结一起，所述耐候层为含氟膜层，所述粘结层为耐湿热粘合剂，所述耐湿热粘合剂包括如下重量份的十八烷基磺酸钠10～16份，邻苯二甲酸二异辛酯4～8份，戊二烯4～8份，丙烯酸6～12份，甲基异丁酮2～4份，甲基丙烯酸甲酯10～18份，甲基丙烯酸正丁酯10份。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种光伏组件背板，其特征在于，所述耐湿热粘合剂包括如下重量份的十八烷基磺酸钠13份，邻苯二甲酸二异辛酯6份，戊二烯6份，丙烯酸9份，甲基异丁酮3份，甲基丙烯酸甲酯14份，甲基丙烯酸正丁酯10份。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种光伏组件背板，其特征在于，所述耐湿热粘合剂的制备方法如下：将上述中十八烷基磺酸钠13份，邻苯二甲酸二异辛酯6份，戊二烯6份，丙烯酸9份，甲基异丁酮3份，甲基丙烯酸甲酯14份，甲基丙烯酸正丁酯10份的重量份组分以4℃/min的升温速率升至60℃，充分搅拌，搅拌速率为400转/min，搅拌时间为4～6小时，再以2℃/min的速率升温至80℃，充分搅拌2～4小时，搅拌速率为300转/min，得到初级产物。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种光伏组件背板，其特征在于，将上述的初级产物中加入乳化润湿剂6～8份，在真空条件下脱气，而后用质量百分含量为20％的NaOH溶液调整pH值为7，降温至室温，得到耐湿热粘合剂乳液。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种光伏组件背板，其特征在于，所述乳化润湿剂为丙烯酸十三烷基酯、丙烯酸苯氧基乙基酯、丙烯酸苄基酯或丙烯酸异冰片酯中的一种。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种光伏组件背板，其特征在于，所述含氟膜层包括聚氟乙烯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇脂、聚偏氟乙烯、乙烯-四氟乙烯共聚物、乙烯三氟氯乙烯共聚物中的至少一种。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种光伏组件背板，其特征在于，所述含氟膜层的厚度为200～400μm。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种光伏组件背板，其特征在于，所述基层为聚烯烃树脂膜层，所述聚烯烃树脂膜层的厚度为400～650μm。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的一种光伏组件背板，其特征在于，所述聚烯烃树脂膜层由均聚聚乙烯、共聚聚乙烯和均聚聚丙烯组成。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的一种光伏组件背板，其特征在于，所述均聚聚乙烯、共聚聚乙烯和均聚聚丙烯的重量份之比为1:1:2。
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