WO2022116893A1 - 一种光伏组件用背板及其制备方法、光伏组件 - Google Patents

一种光伏组件用背板及其制备方法、光伏组件 Download PDF

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WO2022116893A1
WO2022116893A1 PCT/CN2021/133233 CN2021133233W WO2022116893A1 WO 2022116893 A1 WO2022116893 A1 WO 2022116893A1 CN 2021133233 W CN2021133233 W CN 2021133233W WO 2022116893 A1 WO2022116893 A1 WO 2022116893A1
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layer
adhesive
transition
chemical conversion
away
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English (en)
French (fr)
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谭小春
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Longi Solar Technology Co Ltd
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Longi Solar Technology Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F19/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one photovoltaic cell covered by group H10F10/00, e.g. photovoltaic modules
    • H10F19/80—Encapsulations or containers for integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, having photovoltaic cells
    • H10F19/85—Protective back sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B32B15/085—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B32B15/088—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin comprising polyamides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B32B15/09—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/18—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising iron or steel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/28—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42
    • B32B27/285—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42 comprising polyethers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/34—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyamides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F19/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one photovoltaic cell covered by group H10F10/00, e.g. photovoltaic modules
    • H10F19/80—Encapsulations or containers for integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, having photovoltaic cells
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/06—Coating on the layer surface on metal layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/20—Inorganic coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/26—Polymeric coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/28—Multiple coating on one surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/20—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular electrical or magnetic properties, e.g. piezoelectric
    • B32B2307/206—Insulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2457/00—Electrical equipment
    • B32B2457/12—Photovoltaic modules
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of solar photovoltaics, and in particular, to a backsheet for photovoltaic modules, a preparation method thereof, and a photovoltaic module.
  • Integrated photovoltaic module (BIPV) technology refers to a technology that combines photovoltaic module technology with buildings.
  • BIPV modules can be applied to the roof and facade of buildings to reduce the external energy consumption of buildings. Therefore, BIPV is required. Modules need to meet the requirements of both photovoltaic modules and buildings; for example, it needs to meet the strength requirements of photovoltaic modules and the fireproof and waterproof requirements of buildings.
  • BIPV modules are to use polymer materials and flame retardants as backplane materials, but it still cannot meet the fire protection requirements of buildings; the other way is to use structural adhesive or hot melt adhesive to directly press photovoltaic modules on metal
  • the metal backplane is easy to corrode and age, the photovoltaic module will fall off.
  • the structural adhesive bonding the metal backplane and the photovoltaic module has poor reliability, and the hot-sol bonding the metal backplane and the photovoltaic module application At high temperatures, the problem of slip creep is prone to occur.
  • the present application provides a backsheet for a photovoltaic module, which can solve at least one of the above-mentioned problems.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a backplane for a photovoltaic module, the backplane comprising:
  • a chemical conversion layer disposed on the first side of the metal base material layer
  • transition layer disposed on the side of the chemical conversion layer away from the metal substrate layer
  • an insulating layer disposed on the side of the adhesive layer away from the transition layer;
  • a passivation layer is provided on the second side of the metal base material layer.
  • the material of the chemical conversion layer includes any one of iron phosphate, zinc phosphate, manganese phosphate and chromate.
  • the material of the transition layer includes: any one of phenolic resin, bismaleimide resin, cyanate resin, acrylic resin, polyurethane, polyester resin, and epoxy resin.
  • the material of the adhesive layer includes: polyester adhesive.
  • the polyester-based adhesive includes: an epoxy-modified polyurethane-based adhesive.
  • the insulating layer includes: an insulating layer body and an adhesive disposed on the surface of the insulating layer.
  • the material of the insulating layer body includes: polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polypropylene, polyethylene, polyamide , any one of polyphenylene ether.
  • the material of the adhesive includes: at least one of polyester copolymer, polyurethane, acrylate, and silane coupling agent.
  • the color of the transition layer in the preset area includes: white; the insulating layer and the adhesive layer are both transparent materials.
  • At least one of the transition layer, the adhesive layer and the insulating layer is colored.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a photovoltaic module, including the backsheet for a photovoltaic module described in any one of the above; the photovoltaic module further includes:
  • a first encapsulation adhesive film layer disposed on the side of the insulating layer away from the adhesive layer
  • a photovoltaic cell disposed on the side of the first encapsulation adhesive film layer facing away from the backplane;
  • the second encapsulation adhesive film layer is disposed on the side of the photovoltaic cell away from the first encapsulation adhesive film layer;
  • the front plate layer is disposed on the side of the second encapsulation adhesive film layer away from the photovoltaic cell sheet.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a method for preparing a backplane for a photovoltaic module, including:
  • the chemical conversion layer mother solution is roll-coated on the first surface of the metal base material layer, and the passivation treatment solution is roll-coated on the second surface of the metal base material layer, and then dried.
  • a chemical conversion layer is obtained on one side, and a passivation layer is obtained on the second side of the metal base material layer;
  • a transitional powder coating is sprayed on the side of the chemical conversion layer away from the metal substrate layer by an electrostatic spraying process, and then a transitional layer is obtained after curing;
  • An insulating layer is prepared, and the insulating layer is placed on the side of the adhesive layer away from the transition layer, and then lamination and curing are performed to obtain the back plate.
  • the backsheet for a photovoltaic module includes: a metal base material layer; a chemical conversion layer, disposed on the first side of the metal base material layer; and a transition layer, disposed on the chemical conversion layer away from the metal one side of the base material layer; an adhesive layer, arranged on the side of the transition layer away from the chemical conversion layer; an insulating layer, the insulating layer is arranged on the side of the adhesive layer away from the transition layer; a passivation layer , the passivation layer is arranged on the second side of the metal base material layer.
  • a passivation layer on the second surface of the metal substrate layer, corrosion of the second surface of the metal substrate layer can be avoided; by disposing a chemical conversion layer between the metal substrate layer and the insulating layer, The transition layer and the adhesive layer change the bonding interface between the insulating layer and the metal substrate layer, that is, the initial bonding between the metal substrate and the insulating layer is transformed into the bonding between the insulating material and the transition layer. Since the chemical conversion layer is arranged on the first side of the metal base material layer, it can be ensured that subsequent adhesion failure will not occur due to the corrosion of the base material.
  • the transition layer is arranged on the side of the chemical conversion layer away from the metal substrate layer, the transition layer can be similar to the primer coating technology in color coating to change the bonding interface, and then polyurethane adhesive can be used. It can be bonded with the agent to prevent the insulating layer from detaching from the metal substrate layer under long-term use.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a backplane for a photovoltaic module in an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of a transition layer in an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 3 shows a flow chart of steps of a method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module backsheet in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the backplane includes: a metal base material layer 10 ; and a chemical conversion layer 20 , which is disposed on the first surface of the metal base material layer 10 ;
  • the transition layer 30 is arranged on the side of the chemical conversion layer 20 away from the metal base material layer 10;
  • the adhesive layer 40 is arranged on the side of the transition layer 30 away from the chemical conversion layer 20;
  • the insulating layer 50 The passivation layer 60 is arranged on the side of the adhesive layer 40 away from the transition layer 30 ; the passivation layer 60 is arranged on the second side of the metal base material layer 10 .
  • the thermal expansion coefficients between polymer materials and metal materials are quite different, so when there is a large temperature difference, there will be a large thermal stress in the backplane. Therefore, the polymer material and the metal material are directly bonded. junction, thermal fatigue will occur, and then debonding will occur; in the embodiment of the present application, the chemical conversion layer 20 is provided on the metal substrate layer 10 to avoid the metal substrate layer 10 and the polymer material (transition layer 30, adhesive bonding layer 40 and the insulating layer 50 ) are in direct contact, thereby preventing the metal substrate layer 10 from being separated from the transition layer 30 , the adhesive layer 40 and the insulating layer 50 .
  • the provision of the transition layer 30 can improve the shear resistance performance of the entire backplane, and can enable the transition layer 30 and the adhesive layer 40 to be firmly bonded.
  • the transition layer 30 can effectively reduce the thermal stress transmitted to the adhesive layer 40 , thereby reducing the deformation of the adhesive layer, so that the material of the adhesive layer will not leak out of the backplane during the process of forming the adhesive layer 30 .
  • the shear modulus of the transition layer 30 is interposed between the shear modulus of the metal substrate layer 10 and the shear modulus of the adhesive layer 40 .
  • the transition layer 30 can also reduce the effect of the adhesive layer 40 on the metal substrate. The influence of the material layer 10 is prevented, and the corrosion of the metal base material layer 10 is prevented.
  • the provision of the transition layer 30 can increase the selection range of the material of the adhesive layer 40, and can reduce the cost of backplane preparation; in addition, the combination of the transition layer 30 and the adhesive layer 40 can release the entire backplane stress in the backplane, reducing the risk of delamination of layers in the backplane.
  • the material of the metal base material layer 10 includes: galvanized steel sheet material; the thickness of the metal base material layer 10 includes: 0.1 mm-1 mm.
  • the metal base material layer 10 includes: a cold-rolled steel sheet with a yield strength of 100 MPa-1000 MPa; wherein, the gram weight of the plating layer of the metal base material layer 10 includes: 10 g/m 2 -200 g/m 2 .
  • the metal base material layer 10 improves the creep resistance of the backplane, so that the backplane can be used in a scenario with a large shear stress requirement.
  • the material of the passivation layer 60 includes: a composite of Cr2O3 and ZnCrO4; the thickness of the passivation layer 60 is 0.1 ⁇ m-2 ⁇ m.
  • the function of the passivation layer 60 is to prevent the second surface of the metal base material layer 10 from being corroded.
  • the material of the chemical conversion layer 20 includes any one of iron phosphate, zinc phosphate, manganese phosphate and chromate.
  • the thickness of the chemical conversion layer 20 includes: 1 ⁇ m-5 ⁇ m.
  • the material of the transition layer 30 includes any one of phenolic resin, bismaleimide resin, cyanate resin, and acrylic resin.
  • the material of the transition layer 30 is a high cohesive energy thermosetting resin layer, and the thickness includes: 2 ⁇ m-10 ⁇ m. In this way, since the material of the transition layer 30 includes any one of phenolic resin, bismaleimide resin, cyanate resin, and acrylic resin, the bonding reliability of the base material can be improved, and the transition layer 30 can be increased.
  • the range of material selection makes the application scenarios and manufacturing methods of photovoltaic module backsheets more diverse.
  • the material of the adhesive layer 40 includes: polyester adhesive.
  • the polyester-based adhesive includes: epoxy-modified polyurethane-based adhesive.
  • the gram weight of the adhesive layer 40 includes: 2g/m 2 -20g/m 2 .
  • the epoxy-modified polyurethane adhesive is used as the material of the adhesive layer 40, and the adhesive strength of the polyurethane adhesive is relatively high, which can avoid the adhesive layer 40 being formed on the transition layer 30.
  • the material flows out from the edge of the transition layer, which affects the safety performance and aesthetic performance of the back sheet used in photovoltaic modules. Specifically, it will affect the creepage distance of photovoltaic modules.
  • the insulating layer 50 includes: an insulating layer body and an adhesive disposed on the surface of the insulating layer.
  • the adhesive can improve the adhesion performance of the surface of the insulating layer 50 .
  • the thickness of the insulating layer 50 includes: 100 ⁇ m-500 ⁇ m.
  • the material of the insulating layer body includes: polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polypropylene, polyethylene , any one of polyamide and polyphenylene ether.
  • the insulating performance of the insulating layer can be increased, and on the other hand, the selection range of the material of the insulating layer body can be increased.
  • the material of the adhesive includes at least one of polyester copolymer, polyurethane, acrylate, and silane coupling agent.
  • the compound of acrylate and silane coupling agent is preferably used. In this way, on the one hand, the bonding performance of the binder can be ensured, and on the other hand, the selection range of the material of the binder can be increased.
  • the color of the transition layer 30 in the preset area 31 includes: white; the insulating layer 50 and the adhesive layer 40 are both transparent materials.
  • the battery assembly is disposed on the backplane, and the battery assembly includes: a plurality of battery slices arranged in parallel, with gaps between the battery slices; the preset area 31 is that the gap between the battery slices is in the transition layer The corresponding area on the transition layer 30 is the area 32 in FIG. 2 .
  • white is set on the area on the transition layer corresponding to the gap between the cells, and the insulating layer 50 and the adhesive layer 40 are set to be transparent materials, so that when sunlight hits the cells When between the sheets, sunlight can pass through the insulating layer 50 and the adhesive layer 40, and be reflected by the white color of the transition layer, which can increase the reflection of sunlight and improve the power of the photovoltaic module.
  • the region 32 on the transition layer 30 may choose any color, which is not limited herein.
  • At least one of the transition layer 30 , the adhesive layer 40 and the insulating layer 50 is colored.
  • one or more layers of the transition layer 30 , the adhesive layer 40 and the insulating layer 50 may be colored, so that the backplane can have different colors and increase the aesthetic effect. Pigments can be added to the transition layer 30 to achieve different colors.
  • a photovoltaic module including the backsheet for a photovoltaic module described in any one of the above; the photovoltaic module further includes: a first encapsulation adhesive film layer disposed on the insulating layer away from the one side of the adhesive layer; a photovoltaic cell sheet, disposed on the side of the first encapsulation adhesive film layer away from the back plate; a second encapsulation adhesive film layer, disposed on the photovoltaic cell sheet away from the first encapsulation One side of the adhesive film layer; the front plate layer is arranged on the side of the second encapsulation adhesive film layer away from the photovoltaic cell sheet.
  • the front plate layer includes: coated glass or organic composite film; the thickness of the front plate layer includes: 1mm-2.5mm, and the light transmittance is greater than or equal to 94%; wherein, the material of the organic composite film includes: PMMA (polyethylene Any of methyl methacrylate), PC (polycarbonate), PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene), ETFE (ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer), acrylic resin, polyurethane; the organic composite film also includes: reinforcement Materials; Reinforcing materials include: fiberglass cloth.
  • the materials of the first encapsulation adhesive film layer and the second encapsulation adhesive film layer include: EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer), POE (polyethylene oxide), PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane), PVB (polyethylene vinyl acetate) Vinyl butyral ester) or any one of ionic polymers; wherein, the gram weight of the first encapsulation adhesive film layer and the second encapsulation adhesive film layer is greater than or equal to 360g/m 2 , and the light transmittance is greater than or equal to 90 %.
  • EVA ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer
  • POE polyethylene oxide
  • PDMS polydimethylsiloxane
  • PVB polyethylene vinyl acetate Vinyl butyral ester
  • the gram weight of the first encapsulation adhesive film layer and the second encapsulation adhesive film layer is greater than or equal to 360g/m 2
  • the light transmittance is greater than or equal to 90 %
  • the photovoltaic cell sheets may be connected in series by conventional metal ribbons, or may be connected by conductive glue.
  • the photovoltaic module can be obtained by laminating the back plate, the first encapsulating adhesive film layer, the photovoltaic cell sheet, the second encapsulating adhesive film layer and the front plate layer after laminating.
  • the backsheet for a photovoltaic module includes: a metal base material layer; a chemical conversion layer, disposed on the first side of the metal base material layer; and a transition layer, disposed on the chemical conversion layer away from the metal one side of the base material layer; an adhesive layer, arranged on the side of the transition layer away from the chemical conversion layer; an insulating layer, the insulating layer is arranged on the side of the adhesive layer away from the transition layer; a passivation layer , the passivation layer is arranged on the second side of the metal base material layer.
  • a passivation layer on the second surface of the metal substrate layer, corrosion of the second surface of the metal substrate layer can be avoided; by disposing a chemical conversion layer between the metal substrate layer and the insulating layer, The transition layer and the adhesive layer change the bonding interface between the insulating layer and the metal substrate layer, that is, the initial bonding between the metal substrate and the insulating layer is transformed into the bonding between the insulating material and the transition layer. Since the chemical conversion layer is arranged on the first side of the metal base material layer, it can be ensured that subsequent adhesion failure will not occur due to the corrosion of the base material.
  • the transition layer is arranged on the side of the chemical conversion layer away from the metal substrate layer, the transition layer can be similar to the primer coating technology in color coating to change the bonding interface, and then polyurethane adhesive can be used. It can be bonded with the agent to prevent the insulating layer from detaching from the metal substrate layer under long-term use.
  • FIG. 3 a flow chart of steps of a method for preparing a backsheet for a photovoltaic module provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown, and the method includes the following steps:
  • Step 101 providing a metal base material layer, and performing surface treatment on the metal base material layer.
  • the surface treatment includes: degreasing, cleaning and drying.
  • Step 102 roll-coating the chemical conversion layer mother solution on the first surface of the metal substrate layer, and roll-coating a passivation treatment solution on the second surface of the metal substrate layer, and then drying, and applying a passivation treatment solution on the second surface of the metal substrate layer.
  • a chemical conversion layer is obtained on the first side of the layer, and a passivation layer is obtained on the second side of the metal substrate layer.
  • the passivation treatment solution includes: an acidic solution of sodium dichromate, and the pH of the acidic solution is between 1-4;
  • the chemical conversion layer mother liquor includes: a zinc phosphate solution, and the pH is between 1-4.
  • drying is performed in an oven, and the drying temperature is lower than 55°C.
  • Step 103 using an electrostatic spraying process to spray transition powder coating on the side of the chemical conversion layer away from the metal substrate layer, and then curing to obtain a transition layer.
  • the thickness of the sprayed transition powder coating is less than or equal to 10 ⁇ m.
  • the transition layer material powder coating the preparation process is more environmentally friendly and efficient.
  • Step 104 mixing the adhesive, the solvent and the curing agent, and coating the transition layer on the side of the transition layer away from the chemical conversion layer, and then drying to obtain an adhesive layer.
  • the material of the solvent includes: ethyl acetate; specifically, firstly, the solvent and the adhesive are mixed uniformly according to a preset ratio, and then the curing agent is added to fully stir uniformly.
  • the coating methods include: flat roll coating, gravure coating and extrusion coating; drying uses a drying tunnel to volatilize the solvent.
  • Step 105 preparing an insulating layer, placing the insulating layer on the side of the adhesive layer away from the transition layer, and performing lamination and curing to obtain the backplane.
  • preparing the insulating layer includes: obtaining the insulating layer material after corona treatment to obtain the insulating layer.
  • the pressing temperature includes: 60°C-80°C
  • the pressing pressure includes: 90kg/cm 2 to 145kg/cm 2
  • the curing temperature includes: 45°C-75°C
  • the curing time includes: 24h-72h; in this application
  • the laminated backboard is rolled and then put into a curing room for curing.
  • the preparation method of the back plate includes: providing a metal base material layer, and performing surface treatment on the metal base material layer; roll-coating a chemical conversion layer mother solution on the first surface of the metal base material layer , and roll coating passivation treatment solution on the second side of the metal base material layer, and then dry it to obtain a chemical conversion layer on the first side of the metal base material layer, on the second side of the metal base material layer.
  • a passivation layer is obtained on the surface; an electrostatic spraying process is used to spray a transition powder coating on the side of the chemical conversion layer away from the metal substrate layer, and then a transition layer is obtained after curing; the adhesive, solvent and curing agent are mixed and coated cloth on the side of the transition layer away from the chemical conversion layer, and then drying to obtain an adhesive layer; preparing an insulating layer, placing the insulating layer on the side of the adhesive layer away from the transition layer, and then Pressing and curing are performed to obtain the back plate.
  • a passivation layer on the second surface of the metal substrate layer, corrosion of the second surface of the metal substrate layer can be avoided; by forming a chemical conversion layer between the metal substrate layer and the insulating layer, The transition layer and the adhesive layer can improve the adhesive force between the insulating layer and the metal substrate layer, and prevent the insulating layer and the metal substrate layer from being detached under long-term use.

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  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

本申请提供了一种光伏组件用背板及其制备方法、光伏组件，该光伏组件用背板包括：金属基材层；化学转化层，设置在所述金属基材层的第一面；过渡层，设置在所述化学转化层背离所述金属基材层的一面；胶黏层，设置在所述过渡层背离所述化学转化层的一面；绝缘层，所述绝缘层设置在所述胶黏层背离所述过渡层的一面；钝化层，所述钝化层设置在所述金属基材层的第二面。本申请实施例中，通过在金属基材层的第二面设置钝化层，能够避免金属基材层的第二面被腐蚀；通过在金属基材层和绝缘层之间设置化学转化层、过渡层以及胶黏层，能够提高绝缘层与金属基材层之间的粘结力，防止在长期使用下，绝缘层与金属基材层脱离。

Description

一种光伏组件用背板及其制备方法、光伏组件
本申请要求在2020年12月1日提交中国专利局、申请号为202011384906.X、申请名称为“一种光伏组件用背板及其制备方法、光伏组件”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及太阳能光伏技术领域，特别是涉及一种光伏组件用背板及其制备方法、光伏组件。
背景技术
光伏组件一体化(BIPV)技术是指将光伏组件技术与建筑物结合的一种技术，BIPV组件能够应用在建筑物顶、建筑物外立面，从而降低建筑物的外部能耗，因此要求BIPV组件需同时满足光伏组件和建筑物的要求；例如，需要满足光伏组件的强度要求及建筑物的防火防水要求。
目前，BIPV组件一种方式采用高分子材料加阻燃剂作为背板材料，但是依旧无法达到建筑物的防火要求；另一种方式是采用结构胶或者热熔胶直接将光伏组件压合在金属背板上，但是由于金属背板易腐蚀老化，因此会出现光伏组件脱落的问题，此外结构胶粘结金属背板与光伏组件出现牢靠性差的，并且热溶胶粘结金属背板与光伏组件应用在高温下，容易出现滑移蠕变的问题。
概述
本申请提供一种光伏组件用背板，能够解决上述提出的至少一种问题。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种光伏组件用背板，所述背板包括：
金属基材层；
化学转化层，设置在所述金属基材层的第一面；
过渡层，设置在所述化学转化层背离所述金属基材层的一面；
胶黏层，设置在所述过渡层背离所述化学转化层的一面；
绝缘层，设置在所述胶黏层背离所述过渡层的一面；
钝化层，设置在所述金属基材层的第二面。
可选地，所述化学转化层的材料包括：磷酸铁、磷酸锌、磷酸锰和铬酸盐中的任意一种。
可选地，所述过渡层的材料包括：酚醛树脂、双马来酰亚胺树脂、氰酸酯树脂、丙烯酸树脂，聚氨酯，聚酯树脂，环氧树脂中的任意一种。
可选地，所述胶黏层的材料包括：聚酯类胶黏剂。
可选地，所述聚酯类胶黏剂包括：环氧改性的聚氨酯类胶黏剂。
可选地，所述绝缘层包括：绝缘层本体和设置在所述绝缘层表面的粘结剂。
可选地，所述绝缘层本体的材料包括：聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇脂、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯、聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚丙烯、聚乙烯、聚酰胺、聚苯醚中的任意一种。
可选地，所述粘结剂的材料包括：聚酯共聚物，聚氨酯，丙烯酸酯类，硅烷偶联剂中的至少一种。
可选地，所述过渡层在预设区域的颜色包括：白色；所述绝缘层和所述胶黏层均为透明材料。
可选地，所述过渡层、所述胶黏层和所述绝缘层中的至少一层为彩色。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供了一种光伏组件，包括上述任意一项所述的光伏组件用背板；所述光伏组件还包括：
第一封装胶膜层，设置在所述绝缘层背离所述胶黏层的一面；
光伏电池片，设置在所述第一封装胶膜层背离所述背板的一面；
第二封装胶膜层，设置在所述光伏电池片背离所述第一封装胶膜层的一面；
前板层，设置在所述第二封装胶膜层背离所述光伏电池片的一面。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供了一种光伏组件用背板的制备方法，包括：
提供金属基材层，并对所述金属基材层的进行表面处理；
在所述金属基材层的第一面辊涂化学转化层母液，以及在所述金属基材层的第二面辊涂钝化处理液，然后进行干燥，在所述金属基材层的第一面得到化学转化层，在所述金属基材层的第二面得到钝化层；
采用静电喷涂工艺在所述化学转化层背离所述金属基材层的一面喷涂过渡粉末涂料，然后进行固化后得到过渡层；
将胶黏剂和溶剂以及固化剂混合后涂布在所述过渡层背离所述化学转化层的一面，然后进行烘干得到胶黏层；
制备绝缘层，并将所述绝缘层放置在所述胶黏层背离所述过度层的一面，然后进行压合和固化处理，得到所述背板。
在本申请实施例中，光伏组件用背板包括：金属基材层；化学转化层，设置在所述金属基材层的第一面；过渡层，设置在所述化学转化层背离所述金属基材层的一面；胶黏层，设置在所述过渡层背离所述化学转化层的一面；绝缘层，所述绝缘层设置在所述胶黏层背离所述过渡层的一面；钝化层，所述钝化层设置在所述金属基材层的第二面。本申请实施例中，通过在金属基材层的第二面设置钝化层，能够避免金属基材层的第二面被腐蚀；通过在金属基材层和绝缘层之间设置化学转化层、过渡层以及胶黏层，使得绝缘层与金属基材层之间的粘接界面发生改变，即由最初的金属基材与绝缘层间粘接转化为绝缘材料与过渡层间的粘接。由于化学转化层设置在所述金属基材层的第一面，因此可以保证后续不会因为基材腐蚀出现粘结失效。进一步地，又由于过渡层设置在所述化学转化层背离所述金属基材层的一面，因此可以过渡层可以类似于彩涂中的底涂技术，改变粘结界面，进而可以采用聚氨酯胶黏剂进行粘结，防止在长期使用下，绝缘层与金属基材层脱离。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对本申请实施例的描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1示出了本申请实施例中的一种光伏组件用背板的结构示意图；
图2示出了本申请实施例中的一种过渡层的结构示意图；
图3示出了本申请实施例中的一种光伏组件用背板的制备方法的步骤流程图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
实施例一
参照图1，示出本申请实施例提供的一种光伏组件用背板，所述背板包括：金属基材层10；化学转化层20，设置在所述金属基材层10的第一面；过渡层30，设置在所述化学转化层20背离所述金属基材层10的一面；胶黏层40，设置在所述过渡层30背离所述化学转化层20的一面；绝缘层50，设置在所述胶黏层40背离所述过渡层30的一面；钝化层60，设置在所述金属基材层10的第二面。
通常情况下，高分子材料与金属材料间的热膨胀系数相差较大，因此在存在较大温差的情况下，在背板中会存在较大的热应力，因此，高分子材料与金属材料直接粘结，会出现热疲劳，进而发生脱粘；在本申请实施例中，通过在金属基材层10上设置化学转化层20，避免金属基材层10与高分子材料(过渡层30、胶黏层40以及绝缘层50)直接接触，进而避免了金属基材层10与过渡层30、胶黏层40以及绝缘层50脱离。
在本申请实施例中，过渡层30的设置能够提升整个背板的耐剪切性能，并且能使过渡层30与胶黏层40间能够粘结牢固。并且过渡层30能够有效的降低传递到胶黏层40的热应力，进而降低胶黏层的形变，从而在形成胶黏层30的过程中使胶黏层的材料不会漏出背板的情况。其中，过渡层30的剪切模量介入金属基材层10的剪切模量和胶黏层40的剪切模量之间，此外，过渡层30也可以减小胶黏层40对金属基材层10的影响，并且防止金属基材层10的腐蚀。
在本申请实施例中，过渡层30的设置能够增加胶黏层40的材料的选择范围，并且能够降低背板制备的成本；此外，过渡层30和胶黏层40的复合能够释放整个背板中的应力，降低了背板中各层分层的风险。
在本申请实施例中，金属基材层10的材料包括：镀铝锌钢板材料；金属基材层10的厚度包括：0.1mm-1mm。金属基材层10包括：屈服强度 100MPa-1000MPa的冷轧钢板；其中，金属基材层10的镀层的克重包括：10g/m 2-200g/m 2。其中，金属基材层10提高了背板的抗蠕变性能，能够使背板应用在较大剪切应力要求的场景中。
在本申请实施例中，钝化层60的材料包括：Cr2O3和ZnCrO4的复合物；钝化层60的厚度为0.1μm-2μm。其中，钝化层60的作用是防止金属基材层10的第二面被腐蚀。
在本申请实施例中，所述化学转化层20的材料包括：磷酸铁、磷酸锌、磷酸锰和铬酸盐中的任意一种。其中，化学转化层20的厚度包括：1μm-5μm。这样，一方面可以通过化学转化层20进行防腐，另一方面即可以提升基材预过渡层间的粘结可靠性。
在本申请实施例中，所述过渡层30的材料包括：酚醛树脂、双马来酰亚胺树脂、氰酸酯树脂、丙烯酸树脂中的任意一种。其中，过渡层30的材料为高内聚能热固性树脂层，厚度包括：2μm-10μm。这样，由于过渡层30的材料包括：酚醛树脂、双马来酰亚胺树脂、氰酸酯树脂、丙烯酸树脂中的任意一种，因此可以提升基材件的粘接可靠性，增加过渡层30的材料的选择范围，使得光伏组件用背板的应用场景以及制造方法更为多样化。
在本申请实施例中，所述胶黏层40的材料包括：聚酯类胶黏剂。其中，所述聚酯类胶黏剂包括：环氧改性的聚氨酯类胶黏剂。其中，胶黏层40的克重包括：2g/m 2-20g/m 2。
其中，环氧改性的聚氨酯类胶黏剂作为胶黏层40的材料，聚氨酯类胶黏剂的粘结强度较高，能够避免在在过渡层30上形成胶黏层40时，胶黏层的材料从过渡层的边缘流出，影响背板用于光伏组件中的安全性能及美观性能。具体的，会影响到光伏组件的爬电距离。
在本申请实施例中，所述绝缘层50包括：绝缘层本体和设置在所述绝缘层表面的粘结剂。其中，粘结剂能够提高绝缘层50表面的粘结性能。绝缘层50的厚度包括：100μm-500μm。
在本申请实施例中，所述绝缘层本体的材料包括：聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇脂、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯、聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚丙烯、聚乙烯、聚酰胺、聚苯醚中的任意一种。这样，一方面可以增加绝缘层的绝缘性能，另一方面可以增加绝缘层本体的材料的选择范围。
在本申请实施例中，所述粘结剂的材料包括：聚酯共聚物，聚氨酯，丙烯 酸酯类，硅烷偶联剂中的至少一种。其中，优选采用丙烯酸酯与硅烷偶联剂的复配物。这样，一方面可以保证粘结剂的粘结性能，另一方面可以增加结剂的材料的材料的选择范围。
在本申请实施例中，参照图2，所述过渡层30在预设区域31的颜色包括：白色；所述绝缘层50和所述胶黏层40均为透明材料。
在本申请实施例中，电池组件是设置在背板上的，电池组件包括：多个并列设置的电池片，电池片之间具有间隙；预设区域31为电池片之间的间隙在过渡层30上对应的区域，其中，电池片对应在过渡层30上对应的区域为图2中的区域32。
在本申请实施例中，在电池片之间的间隙对应的过渡层的上的区域设置白色，将所述绝缘层50和所述胶黏层40设置为透明材料，则在太阳光射在电池片之间时，太阳光能够穿过绝缘层50和所述胶黏层40，经过过渡层的白色进行反射，能够增加太阳光的反射，提高光伏组件的功率。其中，过渡层30上的区域32可以选择任意一种颜色，在此不加以限定。
在本申请实施例中，所述过渡层30、所述胶黏层40和所述绝缘层50中的至少一层为彩色。
在本申请实施例中，可以使过渡层30、所述胶黏层40和所述绝缘层50中的一层或者多层设置为彩色，这样能够使背板具有不同颜色，增加美观效果。过渡层30中可添加颜料来达到不同颜色的目的。
在本申请实施例中，还提供了一种光伏组件，包括上述任意一项所述的光伏组件用背板；所述光伏组件还包括：第一封装胶膜层，设置在所述绝缘层背离所述胶黏层的一面；光伏电池片，设置在所述第一封装胶膜层背离所述背板的一面；第二封装胶膜层，设置在所述光伏电池片背离所述第一封装胶膜层的一面；前板层，设置在所述第二封装胶膜层背离所述光伏电池片的一面。
在本申请实施例中，前板层包括：镀膜玻璃或有机复合薄膜；前板层的厚度包括：1mm-2.5mm，透光率≥94％；其中，有机复合薄膜的材料包括：PMMA(聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯)，PC(聚碳酸酯)，PTFE(聚四氟乙烯)，ETFE(乙烯-四氟乙烯共聚物)，丙烯酸树脂，聚氨酯中的任一种；有机复合薄膜还包括：增强材料；增强材料包括：玻璃纤维布。
其中，第一封装胶膜层和第二封装胶膜层的材料包括：EVA(乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物)，POE(聚氧化乙烯),PDMS(聚二甲基硅氧烷)，PVB(聚乙 烯醇缩丁醛酯)或者离子聚合物的任一种；其中，第一封装胶膜层和第二封装胶膜层的的克重大于或等于360g/m 2，透光率大于或等于90％。
在本申请实施例中，光伏电池片可以是通过常规金属焊带串联连接，也可以是通过导电胶连接。其中，将背板、第一封装胶膜层、光伏电池片、第二封装胶膜层和前板层叠层后进行层压即可获得光伏组件。
在本申请实施例中，光伏组件用背板包括：金属基材层；化学转化层，设置在所述金属基材层的第一面；过渡层，设置在所述化学转化层背离所述金属基材层的一面；胶黏层，设置在所述过渡层背离所述化学转化层的一面；绝缘层，所述绝缘层设置在所述胶黏层背离所述过渡层的一面；钝化层，所述钝化层设置在所述金属基材层的第二面。本申请实施例中，通过在金属基材层的第二面设置钝化层，能够避免金属基材层的第二面被腐蚀；通过在金属基材层和绝缘层之间设置化学转化层、过渡层以及胶黏层，使得绝缘层与金属基材层之间的粘接界面发生改变，即由最初的金属基材与绝缘层间粘接转化为绝缘材料与过渡层间的粘接。由于化学转化层设置在所述金属基材层的第一面，因此可以保证后续不会因为基材腐蚀出现粘结失效。进一步地，又由于过渡层设置在所述化学转化层背离所述金属基材层的一面，因此可以过渡层可以类似于彩涂中的底涂技术，改变粘结界面，进而可以采用聚氨酯胶黏剂进行粘结，防止在长期使用下，绝缘层与金属基材层脱离。
参照图3，示出本申请实施例提供的一种光伏组件用背板的制备方法的步骤流程图，该方法包括如下步骤：
步骤101，提供金属基材层，并对所述金属基材层的进行表面处理。
在本申请实施例中，表面处理包括：脱脂、清洗和干燥。
步骤102，在所述金属基材层的第一面辊涂化学转化层母液，以及在所述金属基材层的第二面辊涂钝化处理液，然后进行干燥，在所述金属基材层的第一面得到化学转化层，在所述金属基材层的第二面得到钝化层。
在本申请实施例中，钝化处理液包括：重铬酸钠的酸性溶液，酸性溶液的PH在1-4之间；化学转化层母液包括：磷酸锌溶液，PH在1-4之间。其中，在烘箱中进行干燥，干燥的温度低于55℃。
步骤103，采用静电喷涂工艺在所述化学转化层背离所述金属基材层的一 面喷涂过渡粉末涂料，然后进行固化后得到过渡层。
在本申请实施例中，喷涂过渡粉末涂料的厚度小于或等于10μm。其中，过渡层材料粉末涂层，制备过程更加环保高效。
步骤104，将胶黏剂和溶剂以及固化剂混合后涂布在所述过渡层背离所述化学转化层的一面，然后进行烘干得到胶黏层。
在本申请实施例中，溶剂的材料包括：乙酸乙酯；具体的，先将溶剂与胶黏剂按照预设比例混合均匀，然后加入固化剂进行充分搅拌均匀。其中，涂布方式包括：平辊涂布、凹辊涂布和挤出涂布；烘干采用烘道挥发溶剂。
步骤105，制备绝缘层，并将所述绝缘层放置在所述胶黏层背离所述过度层的一面，然后进行压合和固化处理，得到所述背板。
其中，制备绝缘层包括：电晕处理后得到绝缘层材料得到绝缘层。具体的，压合温度包括：60℃-80℃，压合压力包括：90kg/cm 2～145kg/cm 2，固化温度包括：45℃-75℃，固化时间包括：24h-72h；在本申请实施例中，是将压合好的背板进行收卷然后放入固化房中进行固化。
在本申请实施例中，背板的制备方法包括：提供金属基材层，并对所述金属基材层的进行表面处理；在所述金属基材层的第一面辊涂化学转化层母液，以及在所述金属基材层的第二面辊涂钝化处理液，然后进行干燥，在所述金属基材层的第一面得到化学转化层，在所述金属基材层的第二面得到钝化层；采用静电喷涂工艺在所述化学转化层背离所述金属基材层的一面喷涂过渡粉末涂料，然后进行固化后得到过渡层；将胶黏剂和溶剂以及固化剂混合后涂布在所述过渡层背离所述化学转化层的一面，然后进行烘干得到胶黏层；制备绝缘层，并将所述绝缘层放置在所述胶黏层背离所述过度层的一面，然后进行压合和固化处理，得到所述背板。本申请实施例中，通过在金属基材层的第二面形成钝化层，能够避免金属基材层的第二面被腐蚀；通过在金属基材层和绝缘层之间形成化学转化层、过渡层以及胶黏层，能够提高绝缘层与金属基材层之间的粘结力，防止在长期使用下，绝缘层与金属基材层脱离。
需要说明的是，对于方法实施例，为了简单描述，故将其都表述为一系列的动作组合，但是本领域技术人员应该知悉，本申请实施例并不受所描述的动作顺序的限制，因为依据本申请实施例，某些步骤可以采用其他顺序或者同时 进行。其次，本领域技术人员也应该知悉，说明书中所描述的实施例均属于优选实施例，所涉及的动作并不一定都是本申请实施例所必须的。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
需要说明的，本申请的说明书和权利要求书中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别类似的对象，而不用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。
以上所述仅为本申请的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本申请，凡在本申请的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种光伏组件用背板，其特征在于，所述背板包括：
    金属基材层；
    化学转化层，设置在所述金属基材层的第一面；
    过渡层，设置在所述化学转化层背离所述金属基材层的一面；
    胶黏层，设置在所述过渡层背离所述化学转化层的一面；
    绝缘层，设置在所述胶黏层背离所述过渡层的一面；
    钝化层，设置在所述金属基材层的第二面。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的光伏组件用背板，其特征在于，所述化学转化层的材料包括：磷酸铁、磷酸锌、磷酸锰和铬酸盐中的任意一种。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的光伏组件用背板，其特征在于，所述过渡层的材料包括：酚醛树脂、双马来酰亚胺树脂、氰酸酯树脂、丙烯酸树脂，环氧树脂，聚氨酯树脂，聚酯树脂中的任意一种。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的光伏组件用背板，其特征在于，所述胶黏层的材料包括：聚酯类胶黏剂。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的光伏组件用背板，其特征在于，所述聚酯类胶黏剂包括：环氧改性的聚氨酯类胶黏剂。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的光伏组件用背板，其特征在于，所述绝缘层包括：绝缘层本体和设置在所述绝缘层表面的粘结剂。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的光伏组件用背板，其特征在于，所述绝缘层本体的材料包括：聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇脂、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯、聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚丙烯、聚乙烯、聚酰胺、聚苯醚中的任意一种。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的光伏组件用背板，其特征在于，所述粘结剂的材料包括：聚酯共聚物，聚氨酯，丙烯酸酯类，硅烷偶联剂中的至少一种。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的光伏组件用背板，其特征在于，所述过渡层在预设区域的颜色包括：白色；所述绝缘层和所述胶黏层均为透明材料。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的光伏组件用背板，其特征在于，所述过渡层、所述胶黏层和所述绝缘层中的至少一层为彩色。
  11. 一种光伏组件，其特征在于，包括权利要求1-10任意一项所述的光伏组件用背板；所述光伏组件还包括：
    第一封装胶膜层，设置在所述绝缘层背离所述胶黏层的一面；
    光伏电池片，设置在所述第一封装胶膜层背离所述背板的一面；
    第二封装胶膜层，设置在所述光伏电池片背离所述第一封装胶膜层的一面；
    前板层，设置在所述第二封装胶膜层背离所述光伏电池片的一面。
  12. 一种光伏组件用背板的制备方法，其特征在于，包括：
    提供金属基材层，并对所述金属基材层的进行表面处理；
    在所述金属基材层的第一面辊涂化学转化层母液，以及在所述金属基材层的第二面辊涂钝化处理液，然后进行干燥，在所述金属基材层的第一面得到化学转化层，在所述金属基材层的第二面得到钝化层；
    采用静电喷涂工艺在所述化学转化层背离所述金属基材层的一面喷涂过渡粉末涂料，然后进行固化后得到过渡层；
    将胶黏剂和溶剂以及固化剂混合后涂布在所述过渡层背离所述化学转化层的一面，然后进行烘干得到胶黏层；
    制备绝缘层，并将所述绝缘层放置在所述胶黏层背离所述过度层的一面，然后进行压合和固化处理，得到所述背板。
PCT/CN2021/133233 2020-12-01 2021-11-25 一种光伏组件用背板及其制备方法、光伏组件 Ceased WO2022116893A1 (zh)

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