WO2019127458A1 - 一种相控阵超声检测能力验证试块组及其使用方法 - Google Patents

一种相控阵超声检测能力验证试块组及其使用方法 Download PDF

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WO2019127458A1
WO2019127458A1 PCT/CN2017/120121 CN2017120121W WO2019127458A1 WO 2019127458 A1 WO2019127458 A1 WO 2019127458A1 CN 2017120121 W CN2017120121 W CN 2017120121W WO 2019127458 A1 WO2019127458 A1 WO 2019127458A1
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test block
groove
horizontal
distance
holes
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PCT/CN2017/120121
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English (en)
French (fr)
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郭相吉
杜传国
徐学堃
庞继勇
丁成海
齐高君
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山东电力建设第一工程公司
山东丰汇工程检测有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2017/120121 priority Critical patent/WO2019127458A1/zh
Publication of WO2019127458A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019127458A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
    • G01N29/30—Arrangements for calibrating or comparing, e.g. with standard objects

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  • the invention relates to a non-destructive testing technology, in particular to a phased array ultrasonic testing capability verification test block group and a using method thereof in the power industry.
  • phased array ultrasonic testing technology As a new non-destructive testing technology, phased array ultrasonic testing technology is still in the development stage of the power industry. Although there are phased array ultrasonic testing technology standards GB/T 32563-2016 "nondestructive testing ultrasonic testing phased array ultrasonic testing" The method was promulgated and implemented, but how to adjust the sensitivity of the phased array ultrasonic detection and its verification has not been specified. At present, the phased array ultrasonic testing capability verification is usually verified in the typical soldering defect test block produced.
  • a phased array ultrasonic testing capability verification test block group comprises five test blocks of YZ-I type, YZ-II type, YZ-III type, YZ-IV type and YZ-V type, and the thicknesses thereof are respectively corresponding to 4mm, 8mm, 15mm, 20mm and 40mm;
  • the YZ-I type test block has a length of 100 mm, a width of 30 mm, and a thickness of 4 mm.
  • the left end of the YZ-I type test block is provided with a transverse through hole (1), and the upper surface and the lower surface of the right end of the YZ-I type test block are symmetric.
  • the YZ-II type test block has a length of 100 mm, a width of 30 mm, and a thickness of 8 mm.
  • the left end of the YZ-II type test piece has two parallel horizontal through holes (7, 8), and the upper end surface of the YZ-II type test piece has a right end.
  • the YZ-III type test block has a length of 140 mm, a width of 30 mm, and a thickness of 15 mm.
  • the left end of the YZ-III type test block has three transverse through holes (12, 13, 14), wherein the horizontal hole (12) is centered and The distance between the left end edge of the YZ-III type test block is 58 mm, the distance between the horizontal hole (13) and the center of the horizontal through hole (12) is 4 mm, and the distance from the upper surface of the YZ-III type test piece is 10 mm.
  • the angle between the center line of the transverse through hole (13) and the horizontal through hole (14) and the vertical mid-section is 30°; the upper surface and the lower surface of the right end of the YZ-III type test piece are symmetrically provided with a single side V
  • the groove groove (9, 10) is provided with two upper and lower horizontal through holes (11) at the midpoint of the two grooves (9, 10); the horizontal through hole 14 is 5 mm from the upper surface of the test block. .
  • the YZ-IV type test block has a length of 140 mm, a width of 30 mm, and a test piece thickness of 20 mm.
  • the upper surface and the lower surface of the YZ-IV type test block are symmetrically provided with a single-sided V-shaped groove groove (15, 16).
  • the two mid-point positions of the two grooves (15, 16) are provided with three horizontal through holes (17);
  • the left end of the YZ-IV type test block has four horizontal through holes (18). , 19, 20, 21), the angle between the center line of the other three transverse through holes (19, 20, 21) and the vertical mid-section is 30°;
  • the YZ-V type test block has a length of 180 mm, a width of 30 mm, and a test piece thickness of 40 mm.
  • the upper surface and the lower surface of the right end of the YZ-V type test block are symmetrically provided with a single-sided V-shaped groove groove (22, 23).
  • the horizontal position of the groove (22, 23) is provided with three horizontal through holes (24);
  • the left end of the YZ-V type test block has four horizontal through holes (25, 26, 27, 28)
  • Two of the horizontal through holes (25, 26) are distributed left and right and the center of the circle is collinear, and the other two horizontal through holes (27, 28) are connected with respect to the horizontal plane and three horizontal through holes (26, 27, 28)
  • the center of the circle is collinear; the angle between the center line of the three transverse through holes (26, 27, 28) and the vertical mid-section is 10°.
  • the distance between the center of the horizontal end of the horizontal through hole (25) and the right end edge of the YZ-V type test piece is 77 mm, and the diameter of the horizontal through hole (1) is 2 mm.
  • the distance between the center of the transverse hole (1) and the left end edge of the YZ-I type test piece is 40 mm; the groove angle of the groove (2, 3) is 45°, the depth is 1 mm, and the groove (2)
  • the distance between the right-angle side of 3) and the right end edge of the YZ-I type test piece is 20 mm.
  • the center distance between the two transverse through holes (7, 8) is 4 mm and the distance from the upper surface of the YZ-II type test block is 4 mm, and the transverse through hole (7)
  • the distance between the center of the circle and the left end edge of the YZ-II type test piece is 38 mm;
  • the groove (4, 5) groove angle is 45 °, depth 1 mm, the distance between the right angle edge of the groove (4, 5) and the right end edge of the YZ-II type test block is 20 mm;
  • the distance between the center of the transverse hole (6) and the upper surface of the YZ-II type test piece is 4 mm, and the distance between the center of the horizontal through hole (6) and the right end edge of the YZ-II type test piece is 20 mm.
  • the groove (9, 10) has a groove angle of 45° and a depth of 1.5 mm, and the groove (9, 10) has a right angle side and a YZ-III type test.
  • the distance between the right end edge of the block is 20 mm; the distance between the center of the two transverse holes (11) and the upper surface of the YZ-III type test piece is 5 mm and 10 mm, respectively, and the two transverse through holes (11)
  • the distance between the center of the circle and the right end edge of the YZ-III type test piece is 20 mm.
  • the groove (15, 16) has a groove angle of 45° and a depth of 1.5 mm, and the right angle side of the groove (15, 16) is closer to the edge of the test block.
  • the distance between one end is 20 mm; the distance between the three horizontally distributed transverse holes (17) and the upper surface of the YZ-IV type test piece is 5 mm, 10 mm and 15 mm, respectively, and the right end edge of the YZ-IV type test piece
  • the distance between the left end is 18 mm; the distance between the center of the leftmost transverse hole (18) and the left end edge of the YZ-IV type test piece is 58 mm; the center distance of the horizontal horizontal through holes (18, 19) is 4 mm.
  • the upper surface of the YZ-IV type test block is 15 mm.
  • the groove (22, 23) has a groove angle of 45° and a depth of 1.5 mm, and the right angle side of the groove (22, 23) and the YZ-V type test
  • the distance between the right end edge of the block is 20 mm; the distance between the three horizontal cross holes (24) and the upper surface of the YZ-V type test block are 10 mm, 20 mm and 30 mm, respectively, and the center of the three horizontally distributed transverse holes (24)
  • the distance from the right end edge of the YZ-V type test piece is 20 mm; the center distance of the two horizontal through holes (25, 26) in the horizontal position is 6 mm and the upper surface of the YZ-V type test piece is 30 mm; the transverse through hole ( 27)
  • the upper surface of the YZ-V type test block is 20 mm, and the horizontal through hole (28) is 10 mm from the upper surface of the YZ-V type test piece.
  • the method for using the above-mentioned array ultrasonic testing capability verification test block group includes the following steps:
  • the second wave or the fourth wave can detect the upper surface groove 2, and the third wave can detect the lower surface groove 3; if it is not found, it is necessary to adjust the detection process or increase the scanning sensitivity until The defect display effect is close to the actual size;
  • the YZ-II test block is verified by the same method, and it is required that the primary wave can detect the lower surface groove 5, the secondary wave can detect the upper surface groove 4, and the primary wave or the secondary wave can cross the intermediate position. 6
  • the verification description meets the defect detection requirements, and the detection is accurate and reliable.
  • the capability verification test block of the invention has the characteristics of simple structure, appropriate length, reasonable structure layout, convenient operation and convenient carrying.
  • the test block of the present invention has both grooved and transverse through holes, which are different from the existing test blocks of other uses, and are distributed at different depths in the same horizontal position, and can simulate the defects of the weld surface, the inner surface and the root position.
  • the size of the groove and the transverse hole are different.
  • the test block of the invention can be verified by the detection process, and the minimum defect detection capability is verified under different scanning sensitivity conditions. At the same time, it can also assist in the evaluation of the test results, and facilitate the judgment of the size, depth and nature of the defects.
  • 1 and 2 are respectively a front view and a top view of a YZ-I type flat test block according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • 3 and 4 are respectively a front view and a top view of a YZ-II type flat test block according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • 5 and 6 are respectively a front view and a top view of a YZ-III type flat test block according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • 7 and 8 are respectively a front view and a top view of a YZ-IV type flat test block according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 9 and 10 are respectively a front view and a top view of a YZ-V type flat test block according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • test block YZ-I transverse through hole 1 test block YZ-I transverse through hole; 2 test block YZ-I upper surface groove; 3 test block YZ-I lower surface groove;
  • test block YZ-II upper surface groove 5 test block YZ-II lower surface groove; 6, 7, 8 test block YZ-II transverse through hole;
  • test block YZ-III upper surface groove 10 test block YZ-III lower surface groove; 11, 12, 13, 14 test block YZ-III transverse through hole;
  • test block YZ-IV upper surface groove 16 test block YZ-IV lower surface groove; 17, 18, 19, 20, 21 test block YZ-IV transverse through hole;
  • test block YZ-V upper surface groove 22 test block YZ-V lower surface groove; 24, 25, 26, 27, 28 test block YZ-V transverse through hole.
  • the invention relates to a phased array ultrasonic testing capability verification test block group for pipeline and flat welded joints.
  • there are five test blocks and the thicknesses thereof are selected as 4mm, 8mm, 15mm, 20mm and 40mm, respectively.
  • Each test block contains test blocks of different curvatures, which can be consistent with the curvature of the workpiece to be inspected.
  • the upper part of the test block is convex as the probe placement surface, and the curvature is close to the diameter of the test tube; the lower part of the test block is concave, and The inner diameter of the inspection pipe is similar.
  • test block of the invention can satisfy the phased array ultrasonic testing capability verification of the pipe weld and the flat weld of the wall thickness of 4 mm to 40 mm and the pipe diameter of 32 mm or more.
  • the series of test blocks are made of carbon steel or P91 material, the material is uniform, the internal defects are not affected, and the acoustic performance is good; the parallelity, the verticality, the smoothness and the size of the series of test blocks Accuracy meets the requirements.
  • the capability verification test block YZ-I has a test block length of 100 mm, a width of 30 mm, and a thickness of 4 mm.
  • One end of the test block has a ⁇ 2 transverse through hole 1, and the distance from the center of the test piece to the near end is 40 mm; the upper end of the test piece is on the other end.
  • the two grooves are evenly symmetrically distributed, and the right angle of the groove is closer to the edge of the test block. The distance is 20mm.
  • the capability verification test block YZ-II has a test block length of 100 mm, a width of 30 mm, and a thickness of 8 mm. There are two ⁇ 2 transverse through holes 7 and 8 at one end of the test block, and the center distance between the two transverse through holes is 4 mm, respectively, 4 mm from the upper probe placement surface. The distance from the center of the transverse hole 7 to the edge of the test block is 38 mm; the upper surface of the other end of the test block has a single-sided V-shaped groove groove 4, the groove angle is 45°, the groove depth is 1 mm, and the lower surface is provided.
  • the two grooves are uniformly symmetrically distributed, and the distance between the right side of the groove and the near end of the test piece is 20 mm; the center position of the two groove lines is provided with a ⁇ 2 transverse hole 6, and the horizontal distance of the horizontal hole 6 is tested.
  • the distance between the upper edge of the block is 4 mm, and the distance from the center of the horizontal hole 6 to the near end of the test piece is 20 mm.
  • the capability verification test block YZ-III has a test block length of 140 mm, a width of 30 mm, and a test piece thickness of 15 mm.
  • the upper surface of one end of the test piece has a single-sided V-shaped groove groove 9 with a groove angle of 45° and a groove depth of 1.5.
  • the lower surface is provided with the same groove 10, the two grooves are uniformly symmetrically distributed, and the distance between the right side of the groove and the edge of the test piece is 20 mm; the center of the two groove lines is provided with two ⁇ 2 horizontal through holes 11
  • the distance from the center of the transverse hole 11 to the upper surface of the test piece is 5 mm and 10 mm, respectively, and the distance between the centers of the two transverse through holes 11 from the near end of the test piece is 20 mm;
  • the other end of the test block has three ⁇ 2 horizontal
  • the through holes are respectively 12, 13, and 14, wherein the distance from the center of the transverse hole 12 to the near end of the test piece is 58 mm, and the distance between the two centers of the horizontal through holes 12 and 13 is 4 mm, and the upper surface of the test block is respectively 10mm, the angle between the center line of the horizontal through holes 13 and 14 and the vertical middle facet is 30°, and the horizontal through hole 14 is 5 mm from the upper surface of the test block.
  • the capability verification test block YZ-IV has a test block length of 140 mm, a width of 30 mm, and a test block thickness of 20 mm.
  • the upper surface of one end of the test block has a single-sided V-shaped groove groove 15, the groove angle is 45°, and the groove depth is 1.5. Mm, the lower surface is provided with the same groove 16, the two grooves are uniformly symmetrically distributed, and the distance between the right side of the groove and the edge of the test piece is 20 mm; the center of the two groove lines is provided with three ⁇ 2 horizontal through holes 17
  • the distance from the upper surface of the test block is 5mm, 10mm and 15mm respectively.
  • the distance between the centers of the three transverse through holes 12 and the end of the test block is 20mm respectively.
  • the other end of the test block has four ⁇ 2 transverse through holes. 18, 19, 20, 21, wherein the distance from the center of the transverse hole 18 to the near end of the test piece is 58 mm, the distance between the two centers of the horizontal through holes 18 and 19 is 4 mm, and the upper surface of the test block is 15 mm, respectively.
  • the angle between the center line of the transverse through holes 19, 20, and 21 and the vertical middle facet is 30°, the horizontal through hole 20 is 10 mm from the upper surface of the test block, and the horizontal through hole 21 is 5 mm from the upper surface of the test block.
  • the capability verification test block YZ-V has a test block length of 180 mm, a width of 30 mm, and a test block thickness of 40 mm.
  • the upper surface of one end of the test block has a single-sided V-shaped groove groove 22, the groove angle is 45°, and the groove depth is 1.5.
  • the lower surface is provided with the same groove 23, the two grooves are uniformly symmetrically distributed, and the distance between the right side of the groove and the edge of the test piece is 20 mm; the center of the two groove lines is provided with three ⁇ 3 horizontal through holes 24
  • the distance from the upper surface of the test block is 10mm, 20mm and 30mm respectively, and the distance between the center of the three transverse through holes 24 is closer to the end of the test block, and the distance between the ends of the test block is 20mm;
  • the other end of the test block has four ⁇ 3 transverse through holes, respectively 25, 26, 27, 28, wherein the distance from the center of the transverse hole 25 to the near end of the test piece is 77 mm, the distance between the two centers of the horizontal through holes 25 and 26 is 6 mm, and the upper surface of the test block is 30 mm, respectively.
  • the angle between the center line of the transverse holes 26, 27, 28 and the vertical mid-section is 10°, the horizontal hole 27 is 20 mm from the upper surface of the test block, and the horizontal
  • test block uses the thickness at each key position in the phased array detection process as the demarcation point to verify the selection process and detection effect at the demarcation point.
  • test block group is used as follows:
  • the YZ-I and YZ-II test blocks corresponding to the curvature of the pipe diameter are selected.
  • the distance position set according to the focus rule is selected.
  • the phased array probe was placed on the YZ-I test block, and the grooves 2, 3 and the transverse through holes 1 were measured, respectively.
  • the second wave or the fourth wave can detect the upper surface groove 2, and the third wave can detect the lower surface groove 3; if it is not found, it is necessary to adjust the detection process or increase the scanning sensitivity until The defect display effect is close to the actual size.
  • the YZ-II test block is verified by the same method, and it is required that the primary wave can detect the lower surface groove 5, the secondary wave can detect the upper surface groove 4, and the primary wave or the secondary wave can cross the intermediate position. 6
  • the verification description meets the defect detection requirements, and the detection is accurate and reliable.
  • the invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation, economical and practical phased array ultrasonic testing capability verification test block, and is mainly used for verifying whether the detection process satisfies the working requirement and whether the verification scanning sensitivity can meet the minimum defect detection requirement.
  • the test block of the invention invention can visually verify the root defect, the near surface defect and the internal defect of the workpiece through the phased array ultrasonic detection technology, and has great reference value for the focus law and the scanning sensitivity setting, through the special boundary
  • the inspection process is revised to achieve the best detection results. At the same time, it can also assist in the evaluation of test results, facilitate the judgment of defect size, depth and nature; avoid the need to make a variety of typical welding sample tubes for multiple tests, from economics, efficiency, time, etc. obvious advantage.

Abstract

一种相控阵超声检测能力验证试块组以及使用方法，其包括YZ-Ⅰ型、YZ-Ⅱ型、YZ-Ⅲ型、YZ-Ⅳ型和YZ-Ⅴ型共五个试块且其厚度依次分别对应为4mm、8mm、15mm、20mm和40mm。每个试块上根据厚度设置有数个横通孔（1，6，7，8，11，12，13，14，17，18，19，20，21，24，25，26，27，28）以及一对刻槽（2，3，4，5，9，10，15，16，22，23），提高检测的可靠性。

Description

一种相控阵超声检测能力验证试块组及其使用方法 技术领域
本发明涉及无损检测技术，具体涉及电力行业中一种相控阵超声检测能力验证试块组及其使用方法。
背景技术
相控阵超声检测技术作为一种新的无损检测技术在电力行业中的应用尚处于发展阶段，虽有相控阵超声检测工艺标准GB/T 32563-2016《无损检测超声检测相控阵超声检测方法》颁布实施，但相控阵超声检测灵敏度怎么调节及其验证还未具体明确。目前，相控阵超声检测能力验证通常是在制作的典型焊接缺陷试块进行验证。但典型焊接试块要求的规格种类多(待检部件规格的管道均需要制作一个)，缺陷制作要求严，缺陷尺寸精度高，缺陷位置控制难度大等问题，且制作成本较高、周期长，对不同规格型号的管道，不具有统一使用性。上述搜索发现的相关设计专利，并未有效推广应用。
技术问题
现有技术中额验证试块存在的客观缺点：
1、目前无正规的常用能力验证试块。
2、目前使用的典型焊接缺陷样管，存在制作种类多、周期长、成本高，工艺要求严，缺陷尺寸控制难度大等难点，同时样管统一性不强。
3、专利号CN201621045864.6的方案用途与本专利相近，但此专利中试块注重的是表面及根部缺陷的检出效果，且由于设计的角度较多，在满足相控阵超声检测工艺的条件下，试块外形将需要制作的特别长，成本太高，现场操作也不方便，同时设计的本方案仅适用于小径管道。
4、CN201620616251.7专利设计是采用一次波对横孔进行检测，能够实现灵敏度校准，此验证方法在相控阵DAC或TCG曲线制作试块上便能完成，无法验证不同位置的缺陷。
技术解决方案
本发明采用的技术方案如下：
一种相控阵超声检测能力验证试块组，包括YZ-Ⅰ型、YZ-Ⅱ型、YZ-Ⅲ型、YZ-Ⅳ型和YZ-Ⅴ型共五个试块且其厚度依次分别对应为4mm、8mm、15mm、20mm和40mm；
所述YZ-Ⅰ型试块：其长度100mm、宽度30mm、厚度4mm，该YZ-Ⅰ型试块左端设有一个横通孔(1)，YZ-Ⅰ型试块右端上表面和下表面对称分别设有一个单边V型坡口刻槽(2、3)；
所述YZ-Ⅱ型试块：其长度100mm、宽度30mm、厚度8mm，该YZ-Ⅱ型试块左端有两个平行的横通孔(7、8)，YZ-Ⅱ型试块右端上表面和下表面对称分别设有一个单边V型坡口刻槽(4、 5)，两个所述刻槽(4、5)连线的中点位置处设有一个横通孔(6)；
所述YZ-Ⅲ型试块：其长度140mm、宽度30mm、厚度15mm，该YZ-Ⅲ型试块的左端有三个横通孔(12、13、14)，其中横通孔(12)圆心与YZ-Ⅲ型试块的左端边缘的距离为58mm，所述横通孔(13)与横通孔(12)的圆心的间距为4mm且均距离YZ-Ⅲ型试块上表面为10mm，所述横通孔(13)和横通孔(14)的圆心连线与垂直中分面的夹角为30°；该YZ-Ⅲ型试块右端的上表面和下表面对称设有一单边V型坡口刻槽(9、10)，两个所述刻槽(9、10)连线中点位置设有一上一下两个横通孔(11)；横通孔14距离试块上表面5mm。
所述YZ-Ⅳ型试块：其长度140mm、宽度30mm、试块厚度20mm，该YZ-Ⅳ型试块的上表面和下表面对称设有一单边V型坡口刻槽(15、16)，两个所述刻槽(15、16)的连线中点位置设有上下分布的三个横通孔(17)；该YZ-Ⅳ型试块的的左端有四个横通孔(18、19、20、21)，其他三个横通孔(19、20、21)的圆心连线与垂直中分面夹角为30°；
所述YZ-Ⅴ型试块：其长度180mm、宽度30mm、试块厚度40mm，YZ-Ⅴ型试块右端的上表面和下表面对称设有有一单边V型坡口刻槽(22、23)，所述刻槽(22、23)中点位置设有上下分布的三个横通孔(24)；YZ-Ⅴ型试块左端有四个横通孔(25、26、27、28)，其中两个横通孔(25、26)左右分布且圆心共线、另外两个横通孔(27、28)圆心连线相对于水平面倾斜设置且三个横通孔(26、27、28)圆心共线；三个横通孔(26、27、28)的圆心连线与垂直中分面夹角为10°。
上述相控阵超声检测能力验证试块组，所靠左端的横通孔(25)圆心与YZ-Ⅴ型试块右端边缘距离为77mm，述横通孔(1)的直径为2mm，所述横通孔(1)圆心与YZ-Ⅰ型试块左端边缘之间的距离为40mm；所述刻槽(2、3)的坡口角度为45°、深度为1mm，所述刻槽(2、3)的直角边距离与YZ-Ⅰ型试块右端端边缘之间的距离为20mm。
上述相控阵超声检测能力验证试块组，两个所述横通孔(7、8)的圆心距为4mm且与YZ-Ⅱ型试块上表面的距离均为4mm，所述横通孔(7)圆心与YZ-Ⅱ型试块左端边缘之间的距离为38mm；
所述刻槽(4、5)坡口角度均为45°、深度1mm，所述刻槽(4、5)直角边与YZ-Ⅱ型试块右端边缘之间距离为20mm；
所述横通孔(6)圆心与YZ-Ⅱ型试块上表面之间的距离为4mm，所述横通孔(6)圆心与YZ-Ⅱ型试块右端边缘之间距离为20mm。
上述相控阵超声检测能力验证试块组，所述刻槽(9、10)的坡口角度为45°、深度1.5mm，所述刻槽(9、10)直角边与YZ-Ⅲ型试块右端边缘的距离为20mm；两个所述横通孔(11)的圆心距离YZ-Ⅲ型试块上表面之间的距离分别为5mm和10mm，两个所述横通孔(11)的圆心与YZ-Ⅲ型试块右端边缘的距离为20mm。
上述相控阵超声检测能力验证试块组，所述刻槽(15、16)的坡口角度为45°、深度1.5mm，所述刻槽(15、16)直角边距离试块边缘较近一端的距离为20mm；三个上下分布的所述横通孔(17)与该YZ-Ⅳ型试块的上表面距离分别为5mm、10mm和15mm且与该YZ-Ⅳ型试块右端边缘之间的距离为20mm；最左端的横通孔(18)圆心与YZ-Ⅳ型试块的左端边缘之间的距离为58mm；水平的两个横通孔(18、19)的圆心距为4mm且分别距离该YZ-Ⅳ型试块的上表面为15mm。
上述相控阵超声检测能力验证试块组，所述刻槽(22、23)坡口角度为45°、深度1.5mm，所述刻槽(22、23)的直角边与YZ-Ⅴ型试块右端边缘距离为20mm；三个所述的横通孔(24)与YZ-Ⅴ型试块上表面的距离分别为10mm、20mm和30mm，三个上下分布的横通孔(24)的圆心与YZ-Ⅴ型试块右端边缘的距离为20mm；水平位置的两个横通孔(25、26)的圆心距为6mm且分别距离YZ-Ⅴ型试块上表面为30mm；横通孔(27)距离YZ-Ⅴ型试块上表面20mm，横通孔(28)距离YZ-Ⅴ型试块上表面10mm。
上述控阵超声检测能力验证试块组的使用方法，包括如下步骤：
1)被检试样厚度在4-8mm时，选择管径曲率与之相对应的YZ-Ⅰ、YZ-Ⅱ试块，相控阵超声检测仪器调节完成后，按照聚焦法则设定的距离位置将相控阵探头放置在YZ-Ⅰ试块上，分别测定刻槽2、3和横通孔1；
在测量刻槽时，要求二次波或四次波能够检测出上表面刻槽2，三次波能够检测出下表面刻槽3；若不能够发现，需调整检测工艺或增加扫查灵敏度，直到缺陷显示效果与实际尺寸接近为止；
验证完成后，同样方法验证YZ-Ⅱ试块，要求一次波能够检测出下表面刻槽5，二次波能够检测出上表面刻槽4，一次波或二次波能够将中间位置横通孔6检出，检测另一端两气孔时，一次扫查，两横通孔7、8均能同时检出，在同时满足以上条件下，验证说明满足缺陷检测需求，检测准确可靠。
2)被检试样厚度在8-15mm时，选择管径曲率与之相对应的YZ-Ⅱ、YZ-Ⅲ试块，按照上述方法放在YZ-Ⅱ试块上完成验证后，放置在YZ-Ⅲ试块上，按照类似方法进行验证，要求一次波能够检测出下表面刻槽10和横通孔11中的下部一个，要求二次波能够检测出上表面刻槽9和横通孔11中的上部一个。
完成后验证YZ-Ⅲ试块另一端的横通孔12、13、14，将探头放置在上探头放置面上，分别在两侧进行检测，验证存在倾角的缺陷在声束检测时的影响效果。
3)被检试样厚度在15-20mm时，选择管径曲率与之相对应的YZ-Ⅳ、YZ-Ⅴ试块，按照上述同样的方法，在YZ-Ⅳ和YZ-Ⅴ型试块上分别进行验证。
4)被检试样厚度在20-40mm时，选择管径曲率与之相对应的YZ-Ⅲ、YZ-Ⅳ试块，按照上述同 样的方法，在YZ-Ⅲ和YZ-Ⅳ型试块上分别进行验证。
有益效果
1、本发明能力验证试块具有结构简单，长短合适，结构布局合理，操作方便、便于携带的特点。
2、本发明试块同时具有刻槽与横通孔，有别于现有其它用途的试块，且分布在同一水平位置不同深度，可仿真焊缝表面、内部及根部位置缺陷。
3、本发明试块根据厚度不同，设置的刻槽与横通孔大小也有所不同。
4、本发明试块可进行检测工艺的验证，不同扫查灵敏度条件下最小缺陷检出能力验证。同时，也可以辅助于检测结果的评定，便于缺陷大小、深度、性质的判断。
附图说明
图1和2分别为本发明实施例YZ-Ⅰ型平板试块主视和俯视结构示意图；
图3和4分别为本发明实施例YZ-Ⅱ型平板试块主视和俯视结构示意图；
图5和6分别为本发明实施例YZ-Ⅲ型平板试块主视和俯视结构示意图；
图7和8分别为本发明实施例YZ-Ⅳ型平板试块主视和俯视结构示意图；
图9和10分别为本发明实施例YZ-Ⅴ型平板试块主视和俯视结构示意图；
图中：1试块YZ-Ⅰ横通孔；2试块YZ-Ⅰ上表面刻槽；3试块YZ-Ⅰ下表面刻槽；
4试块YZ-Ⅱ上表面刻槽；5试块YZ-Ⅱ下表面刻槽；6、7、8试块YZ-Ⅱ横通孔；
9试块YZ-Ⅲ上表面刻槽；10试块YZ-Ⅲ下表面刻槽；11、12、13、14试块YZ-Ⅲ横通孔；
15试块YZ-Ⅳ上表面刻槽；16试块YZ-Ⅳ下表面刻槽；17、18、19、20、21试块YZ-Ⅳ横通孔；
22试块YZ-Ⅴ上表面刻槽；23试块YZ-Ⅴ下表面刻槽；24、25、26、27、28试块YZ-Ⅴ横通孔。
本发明的最佳实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明进一步解释说明。
本发明为一种用于管道及平板焊接接头的相控阵超声检测能力验证试块组，本实施例中试块共有五个，其厚度的选择分别为4mm、8mm、15mm、20mm、40mm，每套试块中包含不同弧度的试块，能够与被检工件曲率相吻合，试块的上方为凸面做为探头放置面，曲率与被检管径相近；试块的下方为凹面，与被检管径的内凹弧度相近。
本发明的试块能够满足壁厚为4mm～40mm，管径大于等于32mm的管道焊缝及平板焊缝的相控阵超声检测能力验证。
本实施例中所述系列试块为碳钢或P91材质制成，其材质均匀，内部无影响使用的缺陷，具 有良好的声学性能；所述系列试块的平行度、垂直度、光洁度和尺寸精度都符合要求。
实施例一
所述能力验证试块YZ-Ⅰ，试块长度100mm、宽度30mm、厚度4mm，试块一端有一φ2横通孔1，圆心距离试块边缘较近一端的距离为40mm；试块另一端上表面有一单边V型坡口刻槽2，坡口角度为45°，刻槽深度1mm，下表面设有同样刻槽3，两刻槽均匀对称分布，刻槽直角边距离试块边缘较近一端的距离为20mm。
实施例二
所述能力验证试块YZ-Ⅱ，试块长度100mm、宽度30mm、厚度8mm，试块一端有两个φ2横通孔7和8，两横通孔圆心间距4mm，分别距离上探头放置面4mm，横通孔7圆心距离试块边缘较近一端距离为38mm；试块另一端上表面有一单边V型坡口刻槽4，坡口角度为45°，刻槽深度1mm，下表面设有同样刻槽5，两刻槽均匀对称分布，刻槽直角边距离试块边缘较近一端的距离为20mm；两刻槽连线中心位置设有一φ2横通孔6，横通孔6圆心距离试块上边缘的距离为4mm，横通孔6圆心距离试块边缘较近一端的距离为20mm。
实施例三
所述能力验证试块YZ-Ⅲ，试块长度140mm、宽度30mm、试块厚度15mm，试块一端上表面有一单边V型坡口刻槽9，坡口角度为45°，刻槽深度1.5mm，下表面设有同样刻槽10，两刻槽均匀对称分布，刻槽直角边距离试块边缘较近一端的距离为20mm；两刻槽连线中心位置设有2个φ2横通孔11，横通孔11的圆心距离试块上表面距离分别为5mm和10mm，2个横通孔11的圆心分别距离试块边缘较近一端的距离为20mm；试块的另一端有3个φ2横通孔，分别为12、13、14，其中横通孔12圆心距离试块边缘较近一端的距离为58mm，横通孔12和13两圆心的间距为4mm，且分别距离试块上表面为10mm，横通孔13和14圆心连线与垂直中分面夹角为30°，横通孔14距离试块上表面5mm。
实施例四
所述能力验证试块YZ-Ⅳ，试块长度140mm、宽度30mm、试块厚度20mm，试块一端上表面有一单边V型坡口刻槽15，坡口角度为45°，刻槽深度1.5mm，下表面设有同样刻槽16，两刻槽均匀对称分布，刻槽直角边距离试块边缘较近一端的距离为20mm；两刻槽连线中心位置设有3个φ2横通孔17，距离试块上表面距离分别为5mm、10mm和15mm，3个横通孔12的圆心分别距离试块边缘较近一端的距离为20mm；试块的另一端有4个φ2横通孔，分别为18、19、20、21，其中横通孔18圆心距离试块边缘较近一端的距离为58mm，横通孔18和19两圆心的间距为4mm，且分别距离试块上表面为15mm，横通孔19、20、21圆心连线与垂直中分面夹角为30°，横通孔20距离试块上表面10mm，横通孔21距离试块上表面5mm。
实施例五
所述能力验证试块YZ-Ⅴ，试块长度180mm、宽度30mm、试块厚度40mm，试块一端上表面有一单边V型坡口刻槽22，坡口角度为45°，刻槽深度1.5mm，下表面设有同样刻槽23，两刻槽均匀对称分布，刻槽直角边距离试块边缘较近一端的距离为20mm；两刻槽连线中心位置设有3个φ3横通孔24，距离试块上表面距离分别为10mm、20mm和30mm，3个横通孔24的圆心分别距离试块边缘较近一端的距离为20mm；试块的另一端有4个φ3横通孔，分别为25、26、27、28，其中横通孔25圆心距离试块边缘较近一端的距离为77mm，横通孔25和26两圆心的间距为6mm，且分别距离试块上表面为30mm，横通孔26、27、28圆心连线与垂直中分面夹角为10°，横通孔27距离试块上表面20mm，横通孔28距离试块上表面10mm。
上述五套试块可进行检测工艺的验证，不同扫查灵敏度条件下最小缺陷检出能力验证。同时，也可以辅助于检测结果的评定，便于缺陷大小、深度、性质的判断。试块以相控阵检测工艺中各关键位置处的厚度为分界点，验证分界点处检测工艺的选择及检测效果。
该试块组的使用方法如下：
1)被检试样厚度在4～8mm时，选择管径曲率与之相对应的YZ-Ⅰ、YZ-Ⅱ试块，相控阵超声检测仪器调节完成后，按照聚焦法则设定的距离位置将相控阵探头放置在YZ-Ⅰ试块上，分别测定刻槽2、3和横通孔1。
在测量刻槽时，要求二次波或四次波能够检测出上表面刻槽2，三次波能够检测出下表面刻槽3；若不能够发现，需调整检测工艺或增加扫查灵敏度，直到缺陷显示效果与实际尺寸接近为止。
验证完成后，同样方法验证YZ-Ⅱ试块，要求一次波能够检测出下表面刻槽5，二次波能够检测出上表面刻槽4，一次波或二次波能够将中间位置横通孔6检出，检测另一端两气孔时，一次扫查，两横通孔7、8均能同时检出，在同时满足以上条件下，验证说明满足缺陷检测需求，检测准确可靠。
2)被检试样厚度在8-15mm时，选择管径曲率与之相对应的YZ-Ⅱ、YZ-Ⅲ试块，按照上述方法放在YZ-Ⅱ试块上完成验证后，放置在YZ-Ⅲ试块上，按照类似方法进行验证，要求一次波能够检测出下表面刻槽10和横通孔11中的下部一个，要求二次波能够检测出上表面刻槽9和横通孔11中的上部一个。
完成后验证YZ-Ⅲ试块另一端的横通孔12、13、14，将探头放置在上探头放置面上，分别在两侧进行检测，验证存在倾角的缺陷在声束检测时的影响效果。
3)被检试样厚度在15-20mm时，选择管径曲率与之相对应的YZ-Ⅳ、YZ-Ⅴ试块，按照上述同样的方法，在YZ-Ⅳ和YZ-Ⅴ型试块上分别进行验证。
4)被检试样厚度在20-40mm时，选择管径曲率与之相对应的YZ-Ⅲ、YZ-Ⅳ试块，按照上述同样的方法，在YZ-Ⅲ和YZ-Ⅳ型试块上分别进行验证。
工业实用性
本发明样式结构简单、操作方便、经济实用的相控阵超声检测能力验证试块，主要用于验证检测工艺是否满足工作要求及验证扫查灵敏度能否满足最小缺陷检出要求。本设计发明的试块，通过相控阵超声检测技术可直观验证工件根部缺陷、近表面缺陷及内部缺陷进行识别，对聚焦法则和扫查灵敏度设定具有很大参考价值，通过对特殊边界的检测工艺修订完善，以达到最佳检测效果。同时，也可以辅助于检测结果的评定，便于缺陷大小、深度、性质的判断；避免了常规需要制作种类繁多的典型焊接样管进行多次试验的情况，从经济、效率、时间等方面均具有明显优势。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种相控阵超声检测能力验证试块组，其特征在于：包括YZ-Ⅰ型、YZ-Ⅱ型、YZ-Ⅲ型、YZ-Ⅳ型和YZ-Ⅴ型共五个试块且其厚度依次分别对应为4mm、8mm、15mm、20mm和40mm；
    所述YZ-Ⅰ型试块：其长度100mm、宽度30mm、厚度4mm，该YZ-Ⅰ型试块左端设有一个横通孔(1)，YZ-Ⅰ型试块右端上表面和下表面对称分别设有一个单边V型坡口刻槽(2、3)；
    所述YZ-Ⅱ型试块：其长度100mm、宽度30mm、厚度8mm，该YZ-Ⅱ型试块左端有两个平行的横通孔(7、8)，YZ-Ⅱ型试块右端上表面和下表面对称分别设有一个单边V型坡口刻槽(4、5)，两个所述刻槽(4、5)连线的中点位置处设有一个横通孔(6)；
    所述YZ-Ⅲ型试块：其长度140mm、宽度30mm、厚度15mm，该YZ-Ⅲ型试块的左端有三个横通孔(12、13、14)，其中横通孔(12)圆心与YZ-Ⅲ型试块的左端边缘的距离为58mm，所述横通孔(13)与横通孔(12)的圆心的间距为4mm且均距离YZ-Ⅲ型试块上表面为10mm，所述横通孔(13)和横通孔(14)的圆心连线与垂直中分面的夹角为30°；该YZ-Ⅲ型试块右端的上表面和下表面对称设有一单边V型坡口刻槽(9、10)，两个所述刻槽(9、10)连线中点位置设有一上一下两个横通孔(11)；横通孔14距离试块上表面5mm。
    所述YZ-Ⅳ型试块：其长度140mm、宽度30mm、试块厚度20mm，该YZ-Ⅳ型试块的上表面和下表面对称设有一单边V型坡口刻槽(15、16)，两个所述刻槽(15、16)的连线中点位置设有上下分布的三个横通孔(17)；该YZ-Ⅳ型试块的的左端有四个横通孔(18、19、20、21)，其他三个横通孔(19、20、21)的圆心连线与垂直中分面夹角为30°；
    所述YZ-Ⅴ型试块：其长度180mm、宽度30mm、试块厚度40mm，YZ-Ⅴ型试块右端的上表面和下表面对称设有有一单边V型坡口刻槽(22、23)，所述刻槽(22、23)中点位置设有上下分布的三个横通孔(24)；YZ-Ⅴ型试块左端有四个横通孔(25、26、27、28)，其中两个横通孔(25、26)左右分布且圆心共线、另外两个横通孔(27、28)圆心连线相对于水平面倾斜设置且三个横通孔(26、27、28)圆心共线；三个横通孔(26、27、28)的圆心连线与垂直中分面夹角为10°。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述相控阵超声检测能力验证试块组，其特征在于：所靠左端的横通孔(25)圆心与YZ-Ⅴ型试块右端边缘距离为77mm，述横通孔(1)的直径为2mm，所述横通孔(1)圆心与YZ-Ⅰ型试块左端边缘之间的距离为40mm；所述刻槽(2、3)的坡口角度为45°、深度为1mm，所述刻槽(2、3)的直角边距离与YZ-Ⅰ型试块右端端边缘之间的距离为20mm。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述相控阵超声检测能力验证试块组，其特征在于：两个所述横通孔(7、8)的圆心距为4mm且与YZ-Ⅱ型试块上表面的距离均为4mm，所述横通孔(7)圆心与YZ-Ⅱ型试块左端边缘之间的距离为38mm；
    所述刻槽(4、5)坡口角度均为45°、深度1mm，所述刻槽(4、5)直角边与YZ-Ⅱ型试块右 端边缘之间距离为20mm；
    所述横通孔(6)圆心与YZ-Ⅱ型试块上表面之间的距离为4mm，所述横通孔(6)圆心与YZ-Ⅱ型试块右端边缘之间距离为20mm。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述相控阵超声检测能力验证试块组，其特征在于：所述刻槽(9、10)的坡口角度为45°、深度1.5mm，所述刻槽(9、10)直角边与YZ-Ⅲ型试块右端边缘的距离为20mm；两个所述横通孔(11)的圆心距离YZ-Ⅲ型试块上表面之间的距离分别为5mm和10mm，两个所述横通孔(11)的圆心与YZ-Ⅲ型试块右端边缘的距离为20mm。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述相控阵超声检测能力验证试块组，其特征在于：所述刻槽(15、16)的坡口角度为45°、深度1.5mm，所述刻槽(15、16)直角边距离试块边缘较近一端的距离为20mm；三个上下分布的所述横通孔(17)与该YZ-Ⅳ型试块的上表面距离分别为5mm、10mm和15mm且与该YZ-Ⅳ型试块右端边缘之间的距离为20mm；最左端的横通孔(18)圆心与YZ-Ⅳ型试块的左端边缘之间的距离为58mm；水平的两个横通孔(18、19)的圆心距为4mm且分别距离该YZ-Ⅳ型试块的上表面为15mm。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述相控阵超声检测能力验证试块组，其特征在于：所述刻槽(22、23)坡口角度为45°、深度1.5mm，所述刻槽(22、23)的直角边与YZ-Ⅴ型试块右端边缘距离为20mm；三个所述的横通孔(24)与YZ-Ⅴ型试块上表面的距离分别为10mm、20mm和30mm，三个上下分布的横通孔(24)的圆心与YZ-Ⅴ型试块右端边缘的距离为20mm；水平位置的两个横通孔(25、26)的圆心距为6mm且分别距离YZ-Ⅴ型试块上表面为30mm；横通孔(27)距离YZ-Ⅴ型试块上表面20mm，横通孔(28)距离YZ-Ⅴ型试块上表面10mm。
  7. 一种如权利要求1所述相控阵超声检测能力验证试块组的使用方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
    1)被检试样厚度在4-8mm时，选择管径曲率与之相对应的YZ-Ⅰ、YZ-Ⅱ试块，相控阵超声检测仪器调节完成后，按照聚焦法则设定的距离位置将相控阵探头放置在YZ-Ⅰ试块上，分别测定刻槽2、3和横通孔1；
    在测量刻槽时，要求二次波或四次波能够检测出上表面刻槽2，三次波能够检测出下表面刻槽3；若不能够发现，需调整检测工艺或增加扫查灵敏度，直到缺陷显示效果与实际尺寸接近为止；
    验证完成后，同样方法验证YZ-Ⅱ试块，要求一次波能够检测出下表面刻槽5，二次波能够检测出上表面刻槽4，一次波或二次波能够将中间位置横通孔6检出，检测另一端两气孔时，一次扫查，两横通孔7、8均能同时检出，在同时满足以上条件下，验证说明满足缺陷检测需求，检测准确可靠。
    2)被检试样厚度在8-15mm时，选择管径曲率与之相对应的YZ-Ⅱ、YZ-Ⅲ试块，按照上述方法放在YZ-Ⅱ试块上完成验证后，放置在YZ-Ⅲ试块上，按照类似方法进行验证，要求一次波能够检测出下表面刻槽10和横通孔11中的下部一个，要求二次波能够检测出上表面刻槽9和横通孔11中的上部一个。
    完成后验证YZ-Ⅲ试块另一端的横通孔12、13、14，将探头放置在上探头放置面上，分别在两侧进行检测，验证存在倾角的缺陷在声束检测时的影响效果。
    3)被检试样厚度在15-20mm时，选择管径曲率与之相对应的YZ-Ⅳ、YZ-Ⅴ试块，按照上述同样的方法，在YZ-Ⅳ和YZ-Ⅴ型试块上分别进行验证。
    4)被检试样厚度在20-40mm时，选择管径曲率与之相对应的YZ-Ⅲ、YZ-Ⅳ试块，按照上述同样的方法，在YZ-Ⅲ和YZ-Ⅳ型试块上分别进行验证。
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