WO2019109577A1 - 一种带有双速滚筒的采煤机截割部 - Google Patents

一种带有双速滚筒的采煤机截割部 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019109577A1
WO2019109577A1 PCT/CN2018/084112 CN2018084112W WO2019109577A1 WO 2019109577 A1 WO2019109577 A1 WO 2019109577A1 CN 2018084112 W CN2018084112 W CN 2018084112W WO 2019109577 A1 WO2019109577 A1 WO 2019109577A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gear
shaft
distal
bearing
output shaft
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PCT/CN2018/084112
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
高魁东
曾庆良
张鑫
徐温博
王亮
张晓迪
Original Assignee
山东科技大学
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Publication date
Application filed by 山东科技大学 filed Critical 山东科技大学
Priority to CA3065802A priority Critical patent/CA3065802C/en
Priority to AU2018381708A priority patent/AU2018381708B2/en
Priority to US16/753,801 priority patent/US10954784B2/en
Publication of WO2019109577A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019109577A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C25/00—Cutting machines, i.e. for making slits approximately parallel or perpendicular to the seam
    • E21C25/06—Machines slitting solely by one or more cutting rods or cutting drums which rotate, move through the seam, and may or may not reciprocate
    • E21C25/10—Rods; Drums
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C31/00—Driving means incorporated in machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam
    • E21C31/02—Driving means incorporated in machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam for cutting or breaking-down devices
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C25/00—Cutting machines, i.e. for making slits approximately parallel or perpendicular to the seam
    • E21C25/68—Machines for making slits combined with equipment for removing, e.g. by loading, material won by other means
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C31/00—Driving means incorporated in machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam
    • E21C31/08—Driving means incorporated in machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam for adjusting parts of the machines
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
    • E21C35/20—General features of equipment for removal of chippings, e.g. for loading on conveyor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
    • E21C35/22—Equipment for preventing the formation of, or for removal of, dust
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of coal mine machinery, in particular to a cutting section of a thin coal seam shearer with a differential separation drum.
  • the coal mining machine is one of the important equipments for mechanization and automation of coal mine production.
  • the cutting depth of the thin coal seam double drum shearer used in the fully mechanized mining face is generally above 600 mm.
  • the coal cutting amount is gradually increased.
  • the drum is beneficial to the axial flow of coal at low rotation speed, but the lower rotation speed causes the drum to have a lower coal-slapping speed, and the coal mining machine has a poor coal-filling effect, which makes the mining height in the thin coal seam smaller.
  • the intercepted coal it accumulates in the goaf, resulting in serious floating coal, affecting the walking of the shearer and affecting the displacement of the support.
  • the present invention provides a shearer cutting section with a two-speed drum, which can realize coaxial differential rotation of the two-part drum, and the rotational speed of the distal drum is high.
  • Higher coal cutting efficiency smaller spiral blade angle, larger wrap angle, better axial flow; lower middle roller speed, larger helix angle, increased tangential force and ejection speed, better Complete the process of roller transport and coal loading.
  • a shearer cutting part with a double speed drum comprising a cutting part box body, a motor driving part, a gear transmission part and a drum output part;
  • the motor driving part includes a left cutting motor and a right cutting motor, both of which are disposed in the cutting part box;
  • the gear transmission part includes a left side gear shaft and an idler wheel disposed in the cutting part housing First, the right gear shaft, idler 2, total input shaft, planetary reduction mechanism, first gear shaft, secondary gear shaft, input gear, output gear, three-stage optical axis, fixed speed gear, speed distribution shaft, main gear Sub gear
  • the left gear shaft is coupled with the output shaft of the left cutting motor, and the gear portion thereof is meshed with the idler gear; the idler gear is again meshed with the gear portion of the right gear shaft, and the right gear shaft is coupled with The output shaft of the right cutting motor is coupled; the right gear shaft is in mesh with the idler gear 2, and the idler gear 2 meshes with the gear portion of the total input shaft; the total input shaft is a gear shaft, which is away from the gear One end of the planetary speed reduction mechanism is coupled to the input shaft of the planetary reduction mechanism; the input shaft of the planetary reduction mechanism is in the same axial direction, and the output shaft is coupled with the first gear shaft; the gear portion of the first gear shaft and the second The input gears on the stage gear shaft are meshed, and the second gear shaft is provided with two gears, wherein the gear with larger radius is the input gear, the gear with smaller radius is the output gear; the output gear on the second gear shaft Engaging with a fixed speed gear on the tertiary optical axis, and the
  • the drum output part comprises a central output shaft, a distal output shaft, a concentric bearing set, a positioning bearing, a middle support frame, a middle roller, a distal support frame, a distal roller, an end bearing set, and a positioning sleeve;
  • a gear portion of the central output shaft meshes with a sub-gear on the speed distribution shaft, the number of teeth of which is greater than the number of teeth of the sub-gear;
  • the central output shaft is cylindrical, and the concentric bearing set and the locating bearing are respectively fixed on the inner wall of the central output shaft And the shoulder of the outer wall;
  • the end of the central output shaft cooperates with the inner wall of the middle support frame, and the outer wall of the middle support frame is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the middle drum;
  • the distal output shaft is a gear shaft, and the gear portion thereof Engaging with the main gear, the number of teeth is smaller than the number of teeth of the main gear;
  • the end of the distal output shaft away from the gear passes through the middle drum, the concentric bearing set, the positioning sleeve, and the end bearing set in sequence to the inner wall of the distal support frame. Fitted, and the outer wall of the distal support frame is mated with the inner wall of the distal roller.
  • left gear shaft and the left cutting motor output shaft, the right gear shaft and the right cutting motor output shaft, the planetary reduction mechanism output shaft and the first gear shaft are connected by a spline;
  • a spline groove is arranged at one end of the total input shaft away from the gear, and a threaded hole is formed in the spline groove, and a through hole is formed in the input and output shaft of the planetary speed reduction mechanism, and a bolt passing through the through hole is connected to the threaded hole Inside, and connected with the input shaft of the planetary reduction mechanism, the planetary reduction mechanism and the total input shaft are also matched by splines to achieve better transmission effect.
  • the shaft shaft of the total input shaft away from one end of the gear is provided with a shoulder, and a bearing sleeve is mounted at the shoulder of the bearing; the outer side of the bearing sleeve is sleeved with a bearing bearing set, and the bearing outer ring is provided with a bearing seat; the bearing seat is provided with a pair of threaded holes, and is fixedly connected by a bolt to a positioning fin plate mounted on the cutting part box.
  • Bearing bearing set supported at one end of the total input shaft, can play a role of bearing a large radial load, protect the total input shaft, can ensure the coaxiality of the total input shaft and the input shaft of the planetary reducer;
  • the design of the board can reduce the assembly difficulty of the bearing housing and also achieve better assembly accuracy.
  • the number of teeth of the input gear is 1.5-2.5 times the number of gears on the first gear shaft; the diameter of the input gear is 1.5-2.5 times the diameter of the output gear, and the modulus of the output gear is 1.5- of the input gear. 2 times.
  • the speed distribution shaft is a core shaft, and two sets of double row tapered roller bearings are mounted on the shaft, and the number of double row tapered roller bearings of each group is two, and the bearing outer ring and the auxiliary gear of one set of bearings Cooperating, the bearing outer ring of the other set of bearings is matched with the main gear;
  • the main gear and the auxiliary gear are mounted side by side on the speed distribution shaft, and adjacent spoke surfaces are provided with corresponding tapered holes through the double cone positioning pin and the tapered hole on the main gear and the auxiliary gear Fit, connect the two gears together.
  • the double-cone positioning pin ensures that the main gear and the auxiliary gear rotate synchronously, and can transmit a larger driving force, and has a compact structure and is easy to disassemble.
  • the separation drum can be obtained with different speed difference by replacing the main gear and the auxiliary gear. It is flexible and can be used in more occasions.
  • the end surface of the middle support frame is provided with four bolt holes, and four end holes corresponding to the middle drum are also disposed on the end surface of the middle drum, and the countersunk bolts are inserted through the countersunk holes to cooperate with the bolt holes.
  • the central support frame and the middle roller are integrally connected, and the outer wall of the middle support frame is matched with the inner side of the inner wall of the middle drum through the groove-shaped surface.
  • the distal support frame has a truncated cone shape, and a central portion of the inner hole is provided as a toothed spline hole, and is matched with an end spline of the distal output shaft; the end end surface of the distal output shaft is uniformly distributed a threaded hole, and a circular pressure plate is disposed in the counterbore in the end surface of the distal support frame, and is connected to the screw hole through the bolt through the circular pressure plate to realize axial fixation of the distal output shaft and the distal support frame;
  • the outer end surface of the distal support frame is provided with a uniformly distributed set of threaded holes, and the distal roller and the distal support frame are integrally connected by bolts, and the end cavity of the distal roller is sealed.
  • the arrangement of the circular platen reduces the difficulty of manufacturing the distal support frame, and the bolt and the circular platen are embedded in the interior of the distal support frame, which makes the assembly more compact and saves space.
  • the distal output shaft is a hollow structure, and a rigid water pipe is worn in the center; the rigid water pipe is connected on one side of the water inlet end cover, and the other side protrudes from the end of the distal output shaft, and is threaded and The nozzles in the distal drum chamber are connected.
  • the concentric bearing set is a pair of two tapered roller bearings, the outer ring of which cooperates with the inner wall of the central output shaft, and the inner ring cooperates with the intermediate shaft section of the distal output shaft;
  • the positioning bearing is double
  • the tapered roller bearing has a bearing inner ring that cooperates with an outer wall of the central output shaft, and the bearing outer ring cooperates with the cutting part box;
  • the two end faces of the positioning sleeve are respectively in contact with the inner bearing inner ring of the concentric bearing group and the end bearing group;
  • the middle support frame has a double cylinder wall structure, and the bearing outer ring of the inner cylinder wall and the end bearing group Cooperating;
  • the middle support frame has a set of radial through holes on the double cylinder wall, and a corresponding radial through hole is formed in the middle output shaft, and the two sets of through holes are inserted through the axial positioning pins, and the middle support frame and The central output shaft is fixed in one piece.
  • the inner and outer rings of the two bearings in the concentric bearing set are respectively matched with the two output shafts, which can ensure that the two rollers rotate on the same axis, which ensures the stability of the working of the drum; the positioning sleeve contributes to the assembly of the bearing and improves the assembly precision. Reduce the difficulty of assembly; the design of the axial positioning pin facilitates the disassembly of the drum and can withstand a certain shearing force, which acts as an overload protection.
  • the distal roller is provided with two spiral blades, and the spiral angle of the spiral blade is 12° to 20° (the smaller spiral angle is favorable for the axial flow of the coal), and the spiral blade is arranged on the spiral blade.
  • the spiral blade is arranged on the spiral blade.
  • picks There are picks; 1-3 spiral blades are arranged on the outer wall of the middle drum, and the spiral angle of the spiral blades is 20° to 30° (increasing the axial conveying capacity of the drum to the coal block), and the spiral blades are Arranged with picks;
  • the spiral angle of the spiral blade on the middle roller is larger than the spiral angle of the spiral blade on the distal roller; the rotation speed of the distal roller is 1.5-3 times of the rotation speed of the middle roller, and the axial length of the distal roller is the middle
  • the axial length of the drum is 1-4 times.
  • the axial conveying action of the front end drum is dominant, and the front end drum is involved in cutting the coal for a longer part.
  • the shearer cutting section with a double speed drum provided by the invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art: 1.
  • the two parts of the drum can be coaxially rotated differentially, and the rotational speed of the distal drum is higher. High, with higher coal cutting efficiency, smaller spiral blade angle, larger wrap angle, better axial flow; lower central drum rotation speed, larger spiral angle, increased tangential force and ejection speed To better complete the process of drum conveying and coal loading;
  • the arrangement of 1-3 spiral blades will not block the coal transfer gap at the junction of the two parts of the drum, and will not hinder the flow of the coal, and more
  • the spiral blade can ensure the continuity of the force on the coal block, reduce the pulsation of the spiral conveying, and improve the coal conveying effect of the drum.
  • Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a cutting unit of a shearer with a two-speed drum according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the drum output portion of the present invention.
  • 3a-3c are schematic structural views of a central output shaft of the present invention.
  • FIGS. 4a-4b are schematic structural views of a middle support frame according to the present invention.
  • 5a to 5c are schematic structural views of a middle cylinder of the present invention.
  • 6a-6b are schematic structural views of a distal output shaft of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7a-7b are schematic structural views of a distal support frame according to the present invention.
  • the figure includes: 1-1, left cutting motor, 1-2, right cutting motor, 1-3, cutting part box, 1-3-1, spindle end cover, 1-3-2, stepped hole , 1-3-3, inlet cover, 1-3-4, end cap,
  • 3-1-1 axial through hole, 3-1-2, gear part, 3-1-3, mating plane, 3-1-4, radial through hole, 3-2-1, threaded hole, 3 -2-2, gear part, 3-2-3, intermediate shaft section, 3-2-4, longest shaft section, 3-5-1, outer casing, 3-5-2, axial through hole, 3- 5-3, inner cylinder wall, 3-5-4, radial through hole, 3-5-5, stepped shoulder, 3-5-6, bolt hole, 3-6-1, axial through hole, 3- 6-2, spiral blade, 3-6-3, pick, 3-6-4, radial through hole, 3-6-5, countersunk hole, 3-7-1, toothed spline hole, 3 -7-2, end face counterbore, 3-7-3, threaded hole, 3-8-1, nozzle.
  • a shearer cutting part with a double speed drum comprises a cutting part box 1-3, a motor driving part, a gear transmission part and a drum output part;
  • the shearer cutting part is driven by a double motor, and the motor driving part comprises a left cutting motor 1-1 and a right cutting motor 1-2, both of which are arranged in the cutting part box 1-3;
  • the cutting portion housing 1-3 is provided with a plurality of shaft holes, and the shaft hole is covered with an end cover;
  • the gear transmission portion includes a left side gear shaft 2-1 disposed in the cutting portion housing 1-3 , idler gear 2-2, right gear shaft 2-3, idler gear 2 2-4, total input shaft 2-5, planetary reduction mechanism 2-6, first gear shaft 2-7, secondary gear shaft 2 -8, input gear 2-9, output gear 2-10, three-stage optical axis 2-11, fixed speed gear 2-12, speed distribution shaft 2-13, main gear 2-14, auxiliary gear 2-15, bearing Block 2-16, bearing bearing set 2-17;
  • the drum output part comprises a central output shaft 3-1, a distal output shaft 3-2, a concentric bearing set 3-3, a positioning bearing 3-4, a middle support frame 3 -5, middle
  • the first stage of the gear transmission portion is a left side gear shaft 2-1, and the left side gear shaft 2-1 is internally provided with a spline hole to cooperate with a shaft end spline portion of the left cutting motor 1-1;
  • the left gear shaft 2-1 is fixed in the shaft hole of the cutting portion casing 1-3 through bearings at both ends of the shaft, and the gear portion thereof meshes with the idle gear 2-2;
  • the idle gear is 2-2 Further meshing with the gear portion of the right-hand gear shaft 2-3, the inside of the right-hand gear shaft 2-3 is provided with the same spline hole and is matched with the shaft end spline portion of the right cutting motor 1-2;
  • the right-hand gear shaft 2-3 is fixed in the shaft hole of the cutting portion casing 1-3 through bearings at both ends of the shaft, and the gear portion thereof is meshed with the idler pulleys 2-4, the idler 2-2 4 meshing with the gear portion of the total input shaft 2-5 to transmit kinetic energy;
  • the total input shaft 2-5 is a gear shaft, and its cross section is cross-shaped (the transmission distance is extended, the transmission space is saved, and the assembly is facilitated), and the end of the gear portion is fixed by the bearing to the first end cover 1
  • the end face away from the gear side is provided with a spline groove
  • the spline groove is provided with a threaded hole
  • the input and output shafts of the planetary reduction mechanism 2-6 are provided with a through hole (for the bolt 2-5-1) Providing assembly space)
  • the bolt 2-5-1 is connected to the input shaft of the planetary reduction mechanism 2-6 (the bolt acts as a fixed connection and an axial restraint), and the planetary reduction mechanism 2-6 is simultaneously with the total input shaft 2-5
  • the input shaft and the output shaft of the planetary reduction mechanism 2-6 are in the same axial direction, and the output shaft is provided with a spline groove, and the spline groove and the spline on the first gear shaft 2-7 Partially matched;
  • the primary gear shaft 2-7 is a stepped shaft, and one end of the planetary reduction mechanism 2-6 is provided with a spline, and both ends thereof are fixed to the cutting part casing 1 through a double row tapered roller bearing. 3; the gear portion of the primary gear shaft 2-7 meshes with the input gear 2-9 on the secondary gear shaft 2-8, and the number of teeth of the input gear 2-9 is the gear of the primary gear shaft 2-7 1.5-2.5 times the number of teeth (the transmission ratio is 1.5-2.5, which acts as a deceleration);
  • the secondary gear shaft 2-8 is a tower gear shaft, and both ends thereof are fixed on the cutting part casing 1-3 by bearings, and two gears are arranged in the middle of the shaft section, wherein the gear with larger radius is the input gear 2-9, the smaller radius gear is the output gear 2-10, the input gear 2-9 and the output gear 2-10 have different diameters and modules, and the input gear 2-9 has the diameter of the output gear 2-10 diameter.
  • the modulus of the output gear 2-10 is 1.5-2 times of the input gear 2-9 (for deceleration, the transmission ratio is 1.5-2.5)
  • the output gear 2-10 on the secondary gear shaft 2-8 meshes with the fixed speed gear 2-12 on the tertiary optical shaft 2-11, and the fixed speed gear 2-12 is sleeved in the third stage through the bearing On the optical axis 2-11, and the fixed speed gear 2-12 meshes with the main gear 2-14 on the speed distribution shaft 2-13;
  • the speed distribution shaft 2-13 is a mandrel, the mandrel has a multi-step shape, and the smallest shaft diameter is fixed in the shaft hole of the cutting part box 1-3 through the sleeve, and the two shaft diameters are larger
  • the segment passes through the stepped hole 1-3-2 on the cutting portion casing 1-3, and the threaded hole is opened around the largest portion of the shaft diameter, and is fixed to the stepped hole 1-3 of the cutting portion casing 1-3 by bolts.
  • both ends of the speed distribution shaft 2-13 are fixed together with the cutting part casing 1-3 through the end cover; two sets of double row tapered roller bearings are mounted on the speed distribution shaft 2-13 (increasing the bearing Bearing capacity), the number of double row tapered roller bearings is two, one of which is located near the side of the coal wall, the outer ring of the bearing is matched with the auxiliary gear 2-15, and the other bearing is located away from the coal wall. On one side, the bearing outer ring cooperates with the main gear 2-14.
  • the gear portion 3-1-2 of the central output shaft 3-1 meshes with the sub-gear 2-15 on the speed distribution shaft 2-13, and the number of teeth is greater than the number of teeth of the sub-gear 2-15;
  • the central output shaft 3 -1 is cylindrical (to facilitate the passage of other components such as the distal output shaft from the middle, and the space is utilized reasonably),
  • the concentric bearing set 3-3 and the positioning bearing 3-4 are respectively fixed on the shoulders of the inner wall and the outer wall of the middle portion of the barrel body.
  • the end of the central output shaft 3-1 is matched with the inner wall of the middle support frame 3-5; the end surface of the middle support frame 3-5 is provided with four bolt holes 3-5-6, corresponding to the middle roller 3 There are also four counterbored holes 3-6-5 with the same distribution on the end face of -6.
  • the countersunk bolts 3-11 pass through the counterbore holes 3-6-5 and cooperate with the bolt holes 3-5-6.
  • the support frame 3-5 is integrally connected with the middle roller 3-6, and the outer wall of the middle support frame 3-5 is matched with the inner side of the inner wall of the middle roller 3-6 through the groove-shaped surface;
  • the distal output shaft 3-2 is a gear shaft having a cross section in cross section, the gear portion 3-2-2 is located on one side of the shaft, the side is one end away from the cutting drum, and the distal output shaft 3-2
  • One end near the gear portion 3-2-2 is fixed to the water inlet end cover 1-3-3 by a bearing, and the gear portion thereof meshes with the main gear 2-14, and the number of teeth of the gear portion is smaller than the number of teeth of the main gear 2-14 (playing the effect of increasing speed);
  • the end of the distal output shaft 3-2 near the drum is the end of the shaft, and the end is provided with a toothed spline;
  • the optical axis portion of the distal output shaft 3-2 Longer, the diameter of the section is smaller than the diameter of the gear portion on the shaft, and the distal output shaft 3-2 sequentially passes through the middle roller 3-6, the concentric bearing set 3-3, and the positioning sleeve 3 from the gear end to the end.
  • the end bearing set 3-10 and the distal support frame 3-7; the distal support frame 3-7 is in the shape of a truncated cone, and the middle of the inner hole is provided as a tooth-shaped spline hole 3-7-1 for The end of the distal output shaft 3-2 is splined;
  • the distal support frame 3-7 is provided with a uniformly distributed set of threaded holes 3-7-3 toward the end face of the coal wall, and the distal rollers 3-9 and the distal end are bolted
  • the support frames 3-7 are connected in one piece, and the end chambers of the distal rollers 3-9 are sealed (to prevent foreign matter such as coal from entering, providing a space for the spray system to seal the liquid);
  • the barrel of 9 has two spiral blades, and the spiral angle of the spiral blade is 12° to 20°, and the blades are arranged with picks (smaller spiral angle is favorable for axial flow of coal);
  • the gear axes on the left gear shaft 2-1, the idler gear 2-2, the right gear shaft 2-3, the idler gears 2-4, and the total input shaft 2-5 are parallel to each other, and the gear end faces are located in the same In the plane, it is arranged on the side of the cutting part casing 1-3 close to the coal wall, thereby changing the power transmission route of the traditional cutting portion rocker arm, leaving enough space for the arrangement of the speed reduction mechanism and the drum.
  • the shaft shaft of the total input shaft 2-5 away from one end of the gear is provided with a shoulder for mounting the bearing sleeve 2-5-2; the outer wall of the bearing sleeve 2-5-2 and the bearing bearing set 2
  • the inner ring of the 17 is matched; the bearing bearing set 2-17 is two cylindrical roller bearings, and the bearing outer ring is fixed in the bearing housing 2-16; the bearing housing 2-16 is provided with a pair of threaded holes on the outer casing
  • the positioning fin 2-5-3 is mounted on the outer casing by bolts, and the positioning fins 2-5-3 are also installed in the specific grooves of the cutting part casing 1-3 (constrained bearing bearing set) 2-17 is at the position of the cutting unit housing 1-3, and is a positioning end surface required for assembling the planetary reduction mechanism 2-6.
  • the main gears 2-14 are mounted side by side with the sub-gears 2-15 on the speed distribution shaft 2-13, and the same conical holes are provided on the adjacent spoke surfaces; the conical holes are on the two gears
  • the distribution radius, size and quantity are completely identical; the double-cone positioning pins 2-13-1 are respectively matched with the tapered holes on the main gear 2-14 and the sub-gear 2-15, and the two gears are connected as a whole.
  • the power is transmitted from the main gear 2-14 to the sub gears 2-15, and the movements of the two gears are completely identical.
  • the central output shaft 3-1 is a gear shaft structure, and has a hollow cylindrical shape as a whole and has an axial through hole 3-1-1, and is installed in the cutting portion housing 1-3.
  • the end is arranged in the same axial direction as the cutting drum; the gear portion 3-1-2 of the central output shaft 3-1 is located at an end remote from the cutting drum; the central output shaft 3-1 extends beyond the spindle end cover 1-3
  • the outer wall of the -1 portion is provided with two mutually parallel mating planes 3-1-3, and the middle support brackets 3-5 cooperate with the mating planes 3-1-3 to constrain the middle support brackets 3-5 and the middle portion The relative rotation of the output shaft 1-3 in the circumferential direction.
  • the central output shaft 3-1 and the middle support frame 3-5 are connected by bolts of the end faces and by the planes 3-1-3.
  • the mating planes 3-1-3 can make the fit more tight and also enable the middle support.
  • the frame is subjected to greater circumferential torque, which makes the central support frame more evenly loaded, and at the same time reduces the shear force of the bolt and improves the reliability and service life of the equipment.
  • the distal end of the distal output shaft 3-2 is provided with six threaded holes 3-2-1, and the bolts 3-13 pass through six of the circular platens 3-12. a through hole, fitted on the six threaded holes 3-2-1 (constraining the axial relative movement of the distal output shaft 3-2 and the distal support frame 3-7); the circular platen is assembled
  • the end face of the distal support frame 3-7 is in the counterbore 3-7-2.
  • the distal output shaft 3-2 is a hollow structure, and a rigid water pipe 3-8 is worn in the center; the water pipe 3-8 side is connected to the water inlet end cover 1-3-3, and the other side is extended to the distal end.
  • the end of the output shaft 3-2 is connected to the nozzle 3-8-1 by a thread; the nozzle is located at the end of the low speed shaft and is enclosed in the inner cavity of the distal roller 3-9 as the distal roller 3
  • the spray system of -9 supplies water, and no nozzle is installed on the middle drum 3-6.
  • the concentric bearing set 3-3 is a pair of two tapered roller bearings, the outer ring of which cooperates with the inner wall of the central output shaft 3-1, and the inner ring section of the inner ring and the distal output shaft 3-2 3-
  • the outer diameter of 2-3 is matched;
  • the positioning bearing 3-4 is a double row tapered roller bearing, the inner ring of the bearing is matched with the outer wall of the middle output shaft 3-1, and the outer ring is matched with the cutting box 1-3 ;
  • the positioning bearing 3-4 is located at the end of the cutting part box 1-3, and the outer ring is positioned by the spindle end cover 1-3-1; the spindle end cover 1-3-1 is fixed by the bolt in the cutting part box
  • the end of the body 1-3 has a diameter larger than the outer diameter of the central output shaft 3-1; the end of the central output shaft 3-1 away from the gear portion extends from the through hole of the spindle end cover 1-3-1.
  • the outer casing 3-5-1 of the middle support frame 3-5 has a trough shape and has a double cylinder wall structure, that is, a whole barrel shape and an axial through hole 3-5.
  • an inner cylinder wall 3-5-3 is arranged in the barrel; the inner diameter of the inner cylinder wall 3-5-3 is slightly larger than the diameter of the end surface through hole, and the outer diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the main cylinder wall, the inner cylinder
  • the wall 3-5-3 is used to cooperate with the bearing outer ring of the end bearing set 3-10, and the bearing outer ring of the end bearing set 3-10 is restrained by the stepped shoulder 3-5-5 on the inner wall thereof. .
  • the middle support frame 3-5 is provided with a set of radial through holes 3-5-4; the middle output shaft 3-1 is opened with the same radial through holes 3-1-4, and the two sets of through holes are the same
  • the radial arrangement, the two axial positioning pins 3-15 are respectively inserted into the two sides of the two through holes, and the middle support frame 3-5 and the central output shaft 3-1 are fixed in one piece, and the axes of the two are constrained. To the relative movement.
  • the middle drum 3-6 has a double cylinder wall structure, and has an axial through hole 3-6-1, and the outer cylinder wall extends away from the coal wall, and the cutting box is
  • the end portion of the body 1-3 is wrapped in the cylinder body, and the inner cylinder wall is provided with two radial through holes 3-6-4 to provide an assembly space for the axial positioning pin 3-5-1;
  • the outer wall of 6 is arranged with 1-3 spiral blades 3-6-2, the spiral angle of the spiral blade is 20° to 30°, and the picks are arranged on the blade 3-6-3 (increasing the axis of the drum against the coal block) Transmitting capacity);
  • the positioning sleeve 3-14 is mounted at one end of the longest shaft section 3-2-4 of the distal output shaft 3-2; the end faces of the positioning sleeve 3-14 are respectively associated with the concentric bearing set 3-3 and One end bearing inner ring of the end bearing set 3-10 is in contact.
  • the rotational speed of the distal drum 3-6 is 1.5-3 times the rotational speed of the middle drum 3-9.
  • the helix angle of the spiral blade of the middle drum 3-6 is larger than the helix angle of the spiral blade of the distal drum 3-9;
  • the axial length of the distal drum 3-9 is 1-4 times the axial length of the middle drum.
  • the axial conveying action of the front end drum is dominant, and the front end drum is involved in cutting the coal for a longer part.
  • the shearer cutting part of the two-speed drum provided by the invention separates a cutting drum into a distal roller and a middle roller, and can realize coaxial differential rotation of the two-part roller.
  • the distal drum that is closer to the coal wall has higher rotation speed, higher coal cutting efficiency, smaller spiral blade angle and larger wrap angle, which makes the coal block obtain more axial force and has better axial direction.
  • the middle drum has a lower rotation speed and a larger helix angle, so it can provide more tangential force to the coal piece to be conveyed, increase the ejection speed, and make the coal block fall better on the scraper conveyor, reducing
  • the arrangement of 1-3 spiral blades will not block the coal transfer gap at the junction of the two parts of the drum, and will not hinder the flow of the coal. More spiral blades can ensure the continuity of the force on the coal block, reduce the pulsation of the spiral conveying, and improve the coal conveying effect of the drum.

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Abstract

一种带有双速滚筒的采煤机截割部，电机驱动部包括左截割电机（1-1）和右截割电机（1-2），两者均布置在截割部箱体（1-3）内，通过齿轮传动部实现与滚筒输出部的传动连接；滚筒输出部包括中部输出轴（3-1）、远端输出轴（3-2）、中部支撑架（3-5）、中部滚筒（3-6）、远端支撑架（3-7）、远端滚筒（3-9），将一个截割滚筒分离成同轴转动的两个部分，并能够实现两部分滚筒差速转动。

Description

一种带有双速滚筒的采煤机截割部 技术领域
本发明涉及煤矿机械技术领域，具体涉及一种带有差速分离滚筒的薄煤层采煤机截割部。
背景技术
近年来，我国煤炭开采行业快速发展，对矿山机械各种功能的需求也快速变化，采煤机是煤矿生产机械化和自动化的重要设备之一。在薄煤层开采时，为提高产量，目前综采工作面上采用的薄煤层双滚筒采煤机的截深普遍在600mm以上，随着截深的增大，割煤量也逐渐提高。经理论分析可知，滚筒在低转速时有利于煤的轴向流动，但是较低的转速导致滚筒的抛煤速度较低，采煤机的装煤效果不好，使得在薄煤层采高较小的情况下截割下来的煤块堆积在采空区，导致浮煤情况严重，影响采煤机的行走，影响支架的推移。
发明内容
发明目的：为了克服现有技术中存在的不足，本发明提供一种带有双速滚筒的采煤机截割部，能够实现两部分滚筒同轴差速转动，远端滚筒转速较高，有更高的割煤效率，螺旋叶片升角较小，包角较大，有更好的轴向流动性；中部滚筒转速较低，螺旋升角较大，增加切向力及抛射速度，更好的完成滚筒输送和装煤的过程。
技术方案：为实现上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案为：
一种带有双速滚筒的采煤机截割部，包括截割部箱体、电机驱动部、齿轮传动部、滚筒输出部；
其中，所述电机驱动部包括左截割电机和右截割电机，两者均布置在截割部箱体内；所述齿轮传动部包括布置在截割部箱体内的左侧齿轮轴、惰轮一、右侧齿轮轴、惰轮二、总输入轴、行星减速机构、一级齿轮轴、二级齿轮轴、输入齿轮、输出齿轮、三级光轴、定速齿轮、速度分配轴、主齿轮、副齿轮；
所述左侧齿轮轴与左截割电机的输出轴配合连接，其齿轮部分与惰轮一相啮合；所述惰轮一又与右侧齿轮轴的齿轮部分相啮合，且右侧齿轮轴与右截割电机的输出轴配合连接；所述右侧齿轮轴又与惰轮二相啮合，且惰轮二与总输入轴的齿轮部分相啮合；所述总输入轴为齿轮轴，其远离齿轮的一端与行星减速机构的输入轴配合连接；所述行星 减速机构的输入轴与输出轴位于同一轴线方向，其输出轴与一级齿轮轴配合连接；所述一级齿轮轴的齿轮部分与二级齿轮轴上的输入齿轮相啮合，二级齿轮轴上设置有两段齿轮，其中半径较大的齿轮为输入齿轮，半径较小的齿轮为输出齿轮；所述二级齿轮轴上的输出齿轮与三级光轴上的定速齿轮相啮合，且定速齿轮又与速度分配轴上的主齿轮相啮合；
所述滚筒输出部包括中部输出轴、远端输出轴、同心轴承组、定位轴承、中部支撑架、中部滚筒、远端支撑架、远端滚筒、末端轴承组、定位套筒；
所述中部输出轴的齿轮部分与速度分配轴上的副齿轮相啮合，其齿数大于副齿轮的齿数；所述中部输出轴为圆筒状，同心轴承组和定位轴承分别固定在中部输出轴内壁及外壁的轴肩上；所述中部输出轴的末端与中部支撑架的内壁相配合，且中部支撑架的外壁与中部滚筒的内壁固定连接；所述远端输出轴为齿轮轴，其齿轮部分与主齿轮相啮合，其齿数小于主齿轮的齿数；所述远端输出轴远离齿轮的一端依次穿过中部滚筒、同心轴承组、定位套筒、末端轴承组而与远端支撑架的内壁相配合，且远端支撑架的外壁与远端滚筒的内壁配合连接。
进一步的，所述左侧齿轮轴与左截割电机输出轴、右侧齿轮轴与右截割电机输出轴、行星减速机构输出轴与一级齿轮轴之间通过花键实现配合连接；
所述总输入轴远离齿轮的一端设置有花键槽，花键槽内开有螺纹孔，行星减速机构的输入、输出轴上开有相贯穿的通孔，穿过通孔的螺栓连接于该螺纹孔内，并与行星减速机构的输入轴相连接，行星减速机构与总输入轴同时还通过花键相配合，实现较好的传动效果。
进一步的，所述总输入轴远离齿轮一端的轴段上设有轴肩，其轴肩处安装有承载套筒；所述承载套筒外侧套接有承载轴承组，其轴承外圈处设置有轴承座；所述轴承座上设置有一对螺纹孔，通过螺栓与安装在截割部箱体上的定位翅板固定连接。承载轴承组，支撑于总输入轴的一端，可以起到承受较大径向载荷的作用，保护总输入轴，可以很好的保证总输入轴与行星减速器输入轴的同轴度；定位翅板的设计可以减小轴承座的装配难度，也可以获得更好的装配精度。
进一步的，所述输入齿轮的齿数为一级齿轮轴上齿轮齿数的1.5-2.5倍；所述输入齿轮的直径是输出齿轮直径的1.5-2.5倍，输出齿轮的模数是输入齿轮的1.5-2倍。
进一步的，所述速度分配轴为芯轴，轴上安装有两组双列圆锥滚子轴承，每组双列 圆锥滚子轴承的数量为两个，其中一组轴承的轴承外圈与副齿轮相配合，另一组轴承的轴承外圈与主齿轮相配合；
所述主齿轮与副齿轮并排安装在速度分配轴上，其相邻的轮辐面上均设置有相应的锥形孔，通过双锥面定位销与所述主齿轮和副齿轮上的锥形孔配合，将两个齿轮连接为一个整体。双锥面定位销，保证了主齿轮和副齿轮同步转动，且能传递更大的驱动力，结构紧凑，便于拆卸。可以通过更换主齿轮和副齿轮的方式使分离滚筒获得不同的转速差，使用灵活，可以适用更多场合。
进一步的，所述中部支撑架的端面上设置有四个螺栓孔，对应中部滚筒的端面上也设置有四个分布相同的沉头孔，通过沉头螺栓穿过沉头孔与该螺栓孔配合，将中部支撑架与中部滚筒连接成一个整体，同时中部支撑架的外壁通过槽状形面与中部滚筒的筒壁内侧相配合。
进一步的，所述远端支撑架为圆台状，其内孔中部设置为齿形花键孔，与远端输出轴的末端花键相配合；所述远端输出轴的末端端面上均布有螺纹孔，且远端支撑架上的端面沉孔内设置有圆形压盘，通过螺栓贯穿圆形压盘连接于该螺纹孔内，实现远端输出轴与远端支撑架的轴向固定；所述远端支撑架的外侧端面上设置有均匀分布的一组螺纹孔，通过螺栓将远端滚筒和远端支撑架连接成一个整体，并将远端滚筒的端部腔体密封起来。圆形压盘的设置可以降低远端支撑架的制造难度，且螺栓与圆形压盘嵌入远端支撑架的内部，使装配更加紧凑，节省空间。
进一步的，所述远端输出轴为空心结构，中心穿有一根刚性水管；所述刚性水管一侧连接在进水端盖上，另一侧伸出远端输出轴的末端，并通过螺纹与远端滚筒腔体内的喷嘴相连接。
进一步的，所述同心轴承组为对装的两只圆锥滚子轴承，其外圈与中部输出轴的内壁配合，其内圈与远端输出轴的中间轴段配合；所述定位轴承为双列圆锥滚子轴承，其轴承内圈与中部输出轴的外壁配合，轴承外圈与截割部箱体配合；
所述定位套筒两侧端面分别与同心轴承组、末端轴承组的一侧轴承内圈相接触；所述的中部支撑架呈双筒壁结构，其内筒壁与末端轴承组的轴承外圈相配合；所述中部支撑架双筒壁上开有一组径向通孔，中部输出轴上开有相应的径向通孔，通过轴向定位销插入两组通孔中，将中部支撑架和中部输出轴固定成一个整体。同心轴承组中的两个轴承内外圈分别和两个输出轴配合，可以保证两个滚筒以同一轴线转动，保证了滚筒工作 的稳定性；定位套筒有助于轴承的装配，提高装配精度，降低装配难度；轴向定位销的设计便于滚筒的拆卸，且能承受一定的剪切力，起到过载保护的作用。
进一步的，所述远端滚筒上设置有2条螺旋叶片，其螺旋叶片的螺旋升角为12°至20°(较小的螺旋升角有利于煤的轴向流动)，其螺旋叶片上布置有截齿；所述中部滚筒的外壁上布置有1-3条螺旋叶片，其螺旋叶片的螺旋升角为20°至30°(提高滚筒对煤块的轴向输送能力)，其螺旋叶片上布置有截齿；
所述中部滚筒上螺旋叶片的螺旋升角大于远端滚筒上螺旋叶片的螺旋升角；所述远端滚筒的转速为中部滚筒转速的1.5-3倍，且远端滚筒的轴向长度是中部滚筒轴向长度的1-4倍。以前端滚筒的轴向输送作用为主，同时前端滚筒参与割煤的部分更长。
有益效果：本发明提供的一种带有双速滚筒的采煤机截割部，相对于现有技术，具有以下优点：1、能够实现两部分滚筒同轴差速转动，远端滚筒转速较高，有更高的割煤效率，螺旋叶片升角较小，包角较大，有更好的轴向流动性；中部滚筒转速较低，螺旋升角较大，增加切向力及抛射速度，更好的完成滚筒输送和装煤的过程；
2、采用双电机驱动，相比单电机驱动，可以获得更大的驱动力；在相同驱动力下，双电机驱动可以拥有更小的电机体积和单台电机功率；
3、由于中部滚筒转速较低，且螺旋叶片升角较大，因此布置1-3片螺旋叶片仍然不会堵塞两部分滚筒交界处的输煤间隙，不会阻碍煤块的流动，同时更多的螺旋叶片可以保证对煤块作用力的连续性，降低螺旋输送的脉动，改善滚筒输煤效果。
附图说明
图1为本发明一种带有双速滚筒的采煤机截割部的剖面图；
图2为本发明中滚筒输出部的剖面图；
图3a～3c为本发明中中部输出轴的结构示意图；
图4a～4b为本发明中中部支撑架的结构示意图；
图5a～5c为本发明中中部滚筒的结构示意图；
图6a～6b为本发明中远端输出轴的结构示意图；
图7a～7b为本发明中远端支撑架的结构示意图；
图中包括：1-1、左截割电机，1-2、右截割电机，1-3、截割部箱体，1-3-1、主轴端盖，1-3-2、阶梯孔，1-3-3、进水端盖，1-3-4、一号端盖，
2-1、左侧齿轮轴，2-2、惰轮一，2-3、右侧齿轮轴，2-4、惰轮二，2-5、总输入轴， 2-6、星减速机构，2-7、一级齿轮轴，2-8、二级齿轮轴，2-9、输入齿轮，2-10、输出齿轮，2-11、三级光轴，2-12、定速齿轮，2-13、速度分配轴，2-14、主齿轮，2-15、副齿轮，2-16、轴承座，2-17、承载轴承组，2-5-1、螺栓，2-5-2、承载套筒，2-5-3、定位翅板，2-13-1、双锥面定位销，
3-1、中部输出轴，3-2、远端输出轴，3-3、同心轴承组，3-4、定位轴承，3-5、中部支撑架，3-6、中部滚筒，3-7、远端支撑架，3-8、刚性水管，3-9、远端滚筒，3-10、末端轴承组，3-11、沉头螺栓，3-12、圆形压盘，3-13、螺栓，3-14、定位套筒，3-15、轴向定位销，
3-1-1、轴向通孔，3-1-2、齿轮部分，3-1-3、配合平面，3-1-4、径向通孔，3-2-1、螺纹孔，3-2-2、齿轮部分，3-2-3、中间轴段，3-2-4、最长轴段，3-5-1、外壳，3-5-2、轴向通孔，3-5-3、内筒壁，3-5-4、径向通孔，3-5-5、阶梯肩，3-5-6、螺栓孔，3-6-1、轴向通孔，3-6-2、螺旋叶片，3-6-3、截齿，3-6-4、径向通孔，3-6-5、沉头孔，3-7-1、齿形花键孔，3-7-2、端面沉孔，3-7-3、螺纹孔，3-8-1、喷嘴。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明作更进一步的说明。
如图1、2所示为一种带有双速滚筒的采煤机截割部，包括截割部箱体1-3、电机驱动部、齿轮传动部、滚筒输出部；
其中，所述采煤机截割部采用双电机驱动，电机驱动部包括左截割电机1-1和右截割电机1-2，两者均布置在截割部箱体1-3内；所述截割部箱体1-3上开有多个轴孔，轴孔外套有端盖；所述齿轮传动部包括布置在截割部箱体1-3内的左侧齿轮轴2-1、惰轮一2-2、右侧齿轮轴2-3、惰轮二2-4、总输入轴2-5、行星减速机构2-6、一级齿轮轴2-7、二级齿轮轴2-8、输入齿轮2-9、输出齿轮2-10、三级光轴2-11、定速齿轮2-12、速度分配轴2-13、主齿轮2-14、副齿轮2-15、轴承座2-16、承载轴承组2-17；所述滚筒输出部包括中部输出轴3-1、远端输出轴3-2、同心轴承组3-3、定位轴承3-4、中部支撑架3-5、中部滚筒3-6、远端支撑架3-7、刚性水管3-8、远端滚筒3-9、末端轴承组3-10、圆形压盘3-12以及多种螺栓标准件。
所述齿轮传动部的第一级为左侧齿轮轴2-1，左侧齿轮轴2-1内部设置有花键孔，与左截割电机1-1的轴端花键部分相配合；所述左侧齿轮轴2-1通过位于轴两端的轴承固定在截割部箱体1-3的轴孔内，其齿轮部分与惰轮一2-2相啮合；所述惰轮一2-2又 与右侧齿轮轴2-3的齿轮部分相啮合，右侧齿轮轴2-3的内部设置有同样的花键孔并与右截割电机1-2的轴端花键部分相配合；所述右侧齿轮轴2-3通过位于轴两端的轴承固定在截割部箱体1-3的轴孔内，其齿轮部分又与惰轮二2-4相啮合，所述惰轮二2-4与总输入轴2-5的齿轮部分相啮合，将动能进行传递；
所述总输入轴2-5为齿轮轴，其剖面成十字状(延长了传动距离，节约了传动空间，同时为装配提供了便利)，靠近齿轮部分的一端通过轴承固定在一号端盖1-3-4上，其远离齿轮一侧的端面上设置有花键槽，花键槽内开有螺纹孔，行星减速机构2-6的输入、输出轴开有通孔(为螺栓2-5-1提供装配空间)，螺栓2-5-1与行星减速机构2-6的输入轴相连接(螺栓起到固定连接和轴向约束作用)，行星减速机构2-6与总输入轴2-5同时还通过花键相配合；所述行星减速机构2-6的输入轴与输出轴位于同一轴线方向，其输出轴上设置有花键槽，该花键槽与一级齿轮轴2-7上的花键部分相配合；
所述一级齿轮轴2-7为阶梯轴，其靠近行星减速机构2-6的一端设置有花键，其两端各自通过一只双列圆锥滚子轴承固定于截割部箱体1-3内；所述一级齿轮轴2-7的齿轮部分与二级齿轮轴2-8上的输入齿轮2-9相啮合，输入齿轮2-9的齿数为一级齿轮轴2-7上齿轮齿数的1.5-2.5倍(传动比为1.5-2.5，起到减速作用)；
所述二级齿轮轴2-8为塔式齿轮轴，其两端通过轴承固定在截割部箱体1-3上，其轴段中部有两段齿轮，其中半径较大的齿轮为输入齿轮2-9，半径较小的齿轮为输出齿轮2-10，输入齿轮2-9与输出齿轮2-10的直径和模数均不相同，输入齿轮2-9的直径是输出齿轮2-10直径的1.5-2.5倍(起到减速作用，传动比为1.5-2.5)，输出齿轮2-10的模数是输入齿轮2-9的1.5-2倍(起到减速作用，传动比为1.5-2.5)；所述二级齿轮轴2-8上的输出齿轮2-10与三级光轴2-11上的定速齿轮2-12相啮合，定速齿轮2-12通过轴承套接在三级光轴2-11上，且定速齿轮2-12与速度分配轴2-13上的主齿轮2-14相啮合；
所述速度分配轴2-13为芯轴，所述芯轴呈多级阶梯状，轴径最小段通过轴套固定在截割部箱体1-3的轴孔内，轴径较大的两段穿过截割部箱体1-3上的阶梯孔1-3-2，轴径最大段周边开有螺纹孔，通过螺栓固定在截割部箱体1-3的阶梯孔1-3-2内，速度分配轴2-13的两端通过端盖与截割部箱体1-3固定在一起；所述速度分配轴2-13上安装有两组双列圆锥滚子轴承(提高轴承的承载能力)，每组双列圆锥滚子轴承的数量为两个，其中一组位于靠近煤壁一侧，其轴承外圈与副齿轮2-15相配合，另一组轴承位于 远离煤壁的一侧，其轴承外圈与主齿轮2-14相配合。
所述中部输出轴3-1的齿轮部分3-1-2与速度分配轴2-13上的副齿轮2-15相啮合，其齿数大于副齿轮2-15的齿数；所述中部输出轴3-1为筒状(便于远端输出轴等其他构件从中间穿过，合理利用空间)，同心轴承组3-3和定位轴承3-4分别固定在筒身中部的内壁与外壁的轴肩上；所述中部输出轴3-1的末端与中部支撑架3-5的内壁相配合；所述中部支撑架3-5的端面上设置有四个螺栓孔3-5-6，对应中部滚筒3-6的端面上也设置有四个分布相同的沉头孔3-6-5，沉头螺栓3-11穿过沉头孔3-6-5与螺栓孔3-5-6配合，将中部支撑架3-5与中部滚筒3-6连接成一个整体，同时中部支撑架3-5的外壁通过槽状形面与中部滚筒3-6的筒壁内侧相配合；
所述远端输出轴3-2为齿轮轴，其截面成十字状，其齿轮部分3-2-2位于轴的一侧，该侧为远离截割滚筒的一端；远端输出轴3-2靠近齿轮部分3-2-2的一端通过轴承固定在进水端盖1-3-3上，其齿轮部分与主齿轮2-14相啮合，该齿轮部分的齿数小于主齿轮2-14的齿数(起到增速的作用)；所述远端输出轴3-2靠近滚筒的一端为轴的末端，该末端上设置有齿形花键；所述远端输出轴3-2的光轴部分较长，该段直径小于该轴上齿轮部分的直径，所述远端输出轴3-2从齿轮端到末端依次穿过中部滚筒3-6、同心轴承组3-3、定位套筒3-14、末端轴承组3-10和远端支撑架3-7；所述远端支撑架3-7为圆台状，其内孔中部设置为齿形花键孔3-7-1，用于与远端输出轴3-2的末端花键配合；
如图7a～7b所示，所述远端支撑架3-7朝向煤壁的端面上设置有均匀分布的一组螺纹孔3-7-3，通过螺栓将远端滚筒3-9和远端支撑架3-7连接成一个整体，并将远端滚筒3-9的端部腔体密封起来(防止碎煤等异物进入，为喷雾系统提供密封液体的空间)；所述远端滚筒3-9的筒身设有2条螺旋叶片，螺旋叶片的螺旋升角为12°至20°，叶片上布置有截齿(较小的螺旋升角有利于煤的轴向流动)；
所述左侧齿轮轴2-1、惰轮一2-2、右侧齿轮轴2-3、惰轮二2-4以及总输入轴2-5上的齿轮轴线相互平行，且齿轮端面位于同一平面内，布置在截割部箱体1-3内靠近煤壁的一侧，从而改变了传统截割部摇臂的动力传动路线，为减速机构、滚筒的布置留下了足够的空间。
所述总输入轴2-5远离齿轮一端的轴段上设有轴肩，用于安装承载套筒2-5-2；所述承载套筒2-5-2的外壁与承载轴承组2-17的内圈配合；所述承载轴承组2-17为两个圆柱滚子轴承，其轴承外圈固定在轴承座2-16内；所述轴承座2-16在外壳上设置有一对 螺纹孔，通过螺栓将定位翅板2-5-3安装在该外壳上，所述定位翅板2-5-3同时还安装在截割部箱体1-3的特定凹槽内(约束承载轴承组2-17在截割部箱体1-3的位置，并为将行星减速机构2-6提供装配所需的定位端面)。
所述主齿轮2-14与副齿轮2-15并排安装在速度分配轴2-13上，在相邻的轮辐面上均设置有相同的锥形孔；该锥形孔在两个齿轮上的分布半径、尺寸与数量完全一致；双锥面定位销2-13-1分别与所述主齿轮2-14和副齿轮2-15上的锥形孔配合，将两个齿轮连接为一个整体，使得动力由主齿轮2-14传递到副齿轮2-15，且两个齿轮的运动完全一致。
如图3a～3c所示，所述中部输出轴3-1为齿轮轴结构，整体呈空心筒状并开有轴向通孔3-1-1，安装在截割部箱体1-3的末端并与截割滚筒布置在同一轴线方向；中部输出轴3-1的齿轮部分3-1-2位于远离截割滚筒的一端；所述中部输出轴3-1伸出主轴端盖1-3-1部分的外壁上设有两个互相平行的配合平面3-1-3，中部支撑架3-5与所述配合平面3-1-3相互配合，从而约束中部支撑架3-5与中部输出轴1-3圆周方向的相对转动。中部输出轴3-1与中部支撑架3-5既通过端面的螺栓连接，又采用平面3-1-3相配合，该配合平面3-1-3可以使配合更加紧密，也能使中部支撑架承受更大的圆周扭矩，使中部支撑架受力更均匀，同时降低螺栓所受剪力，提高设备的可靠性和使用寿命。
如图6a～6b所示，所述远端输出轴3-2的末端端面上设置有6个螺纹孔3-2-1，螺栓3-13穿过圆形压盘3-12上的6个通孔，装配在所述的6个螺纹孔3-2-1上(约束远端输出轴3-2与远端支撑架3-7的轴向相对运动)；所述圆形压盘装配在远端支撑架3-7的端面沉孔3-7-2内。
所述远端输出轴3-2为空心结构，中心穿有一根刚性水管3-8；该水管3-8一侧连接在进水端盖1-3-3上，另一侧伸出远端输出轴3-2的末端，并通过螺纹与喷嘴3-8-1相连接；所述喷嘴位于低速轴的末端，且封闭在远端滚筒3-9的内腔体里，为远端滚筒3-9的喷雾系统供水，所述的中部滚筒3-6上不安装喷嘴。
所述同心轴承组3-3为对装的两只圆锥滚子轴承，其外圈与中部输出轴3-1的内壁配合，其内圈与远端输出轴3-2的中间轴段3-2-3的外径配合；所述定位轴承3-4为双列圆锥滚子轴承，该轴承内圈与中部输出轴3-1的外壁配合，外圈与截割部箱体1-3配合；
所述定位轴承3-4位于截割部箱体1-3末端，其外圈通过主轴端盖1-3-1定位；所 述主轴端盖1-3-1通过螺栓固定在截割部箱体1-3的末端，其中心所开通孔直径略大于中部输出轴3-1的外径；中部输出轴3-1远离齿轮部分的一端从主轴端盖1-3-1的通孔中伸出；
如图4a～4b所示，所述的中部支撑架3-5的外壳3-5-1截面为槽形，呈双筒壁结构，即整体呈桶状并开有轴向通孔3-5-2，在桶内设置有一段内筒壁3-5-3；所述内筒壁3-5-3的内径略大于端面通孔直径，其外径小于主体筒壁的内径，该内筒壁3-5-3用于与末端轴承组3-10的轴承外圈相配合，且利用其内壁上的阶梯肩3-5-5对所述末端轴承组3-10的轴承外圈进行约束。所述中部支撑架3-5开有一组径向通孔3-5-4；所述中部输出轴3-1开有同样的径向通孔3-1-4，且两组通孔沿相同的径向布置，两个轴向定位销3-15分别从两组通孔的两侧插入其中，将中部支撑架3-5和中部输出轴3-1固定成一个整体，约束两者的轴向相对运动。
如图5a～5c所示，所述中部滚筒3-6成双筒壁结构，开有轴向通孔3-6-1，其外筒壁向远离煤壁的方向延伸，将截割部箱体1-3的末端部分包裹在筒体内，其内筒壁开有两个径向通孔3-6-4，为轴向定位销3-5-1提供装配空间；所述中部滚筒3-6的外壁上布置有1-3条螺旋叶片3-6-2，螺旋叶片的螺旋升角为20°至30°，叶片上布置有截齿3-6-3(提高滚筒对煤块的轴向输送能力)；
所述定位套筒3-14安装在远端输出轴3-2的最长轴段3-2-4的一端；所述定位套筒3-14两侧端面分别与同心轴承组3-3和末端轴承组3-10的一侧轴承内圈相接触。
所述远端滚筒3-6的转速为中部滚筒3-9转速的1.5-3倍。中部滚筒3-6的螺旋叶片的螺旋升角大于远端滚筒3-9螺旋叶片的螺旋升角；所述远端滚筒3-9的轴向长度是中部滚筒轴向长度的1-4倍。以前端滚筒的轴向输送作用为主，同时前端滚筒参与割煤的部分更长。
本发明提供的一种双速滚筒的采煤机截割部，将一个截割滚筒分离成一个远端滚筒和一个中部滚筒，并能够实现两部分滚筒同轴差速转动。离煤壁较近的远端滚筒转速较高，有更高的割煤效率，螺旋叶片升角较小，包角较大，使得煤块获得更多的轴向力，有更好的轴向流动性；中部滚筒转速较低，螺旋升角较大，因此可以为输送过来的煤块提供更多的切向力，增加抛射速度，使煤块更好的落在刮板输送机上，减小浮煤情况，由于中部滚筒转速较低，且螺旋叶片升角较大，因此布置1-3片螺旋叶片仍然不会堵塞两部分滚筒交界处的输煤间隙，不会阻碍煤块的流动，同时更多的螺旋叶片可以保证对 煤块作用力的连续性，降低螺旋输送的脉动，改善滚筒输煤效果。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出：对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种带有双速滚筒的采煤机截割部，其特征在于，包括截割部箱体(1-3)、电机驱动部、齿轮传动部、滚筒输出部；
    其中，所述电机驱动部包括左截割电机(1-1)和右截割电机(1-2)，两者均布置在截割部箱体(1-3)内；所述齿轮传动部包括布置在截割部箱体(1-3)内的左侧齿轮轴(2-1)、惰轮一(2-2)、右侧齿轮轴(2-3)、惰轮二(2-4)、总输入轴(2-5)、行星减速机构(2-6)、一级齿轮轴(2-7)、二级齿轮轴(2-8)、输入齿轮(2-9)、输出齿轮(2-10)、三级光轴(2-11)、定速齿轮(2-12)、速度分配轴(2-13)、主齿轮(2-14)、副齿轮(2-15)；
    所述左侧齿轮轴(2-1)与左截割电机(1-1)的输出轴配合连接，其齿轮部分与惰轮一(2-2)相啮合；所述惰轮一(2-2)又与右侧齿轮轴(2-3)的齿轮部分相啮合，且右侧齿轮轴(2-3)与右截割电机(1-2)的输出轴配合连接；所述右侧齿轮轴(2-3)又与惰轮二(2-4)相啮合，且惰轮二(2-4)与总输入轴(2-5)的齿轮部分相啮合；所述总输入轴(2-5)为齿轮轴，其远离齿轮的一端与行星减速机构(2-6)的输入轴配合连接；所述行星减速机构(2-6)的输入轴与输出轴位于同一轴线方向，其输出轴与一级齿轮轴(2-7)配合连接；所述一级齿轮轴(2-7)的齿轮部分与二级齿轮轴(2-8)上的输入齿轮(2-9)相啮合，二级齿轮轴(2-8)上设置有两段齿轮，其中半径较大的齿轮为输入齿轮(2-9)，半径较小的齿轮为输出齿轮(2-10)；所述二级齿轮轴(2-8)上的输出齿轮(2-10)与三级光轴(2-11)上的定速齿轮(2-12)相啮合，且定速齿轮(2-12)又与速度分配轴(2-13)上的主齿轮(2-14)相啮合；
    所述滚筒输出部包括中部输出轴(3-1)、远端输出轴(3-2)、同心轴承组(3-3)、定位轴承(3-4)、中部支撑架(3-5)、中部滚筒(3-6)、远端支撑架(3-7)、远端滚筒(3-9)、末端轴承组(3-10)、定位套筒(3-14)；
    所述中部输出轴(3-1)的齿轮部分(3-1-2)与速度分配轴(2-13)上的副齿轮(2-15)相啮合，其齿数大于副齿轮(2-15)的齿数；所述中部输出轴(3-1)为圆筒状，同心轴承组(3-3)和定位轴承(3-4)分别固定在中部输出轴(3-1)内壁及外壁的轴肩上；所述中部输出轴(3-1)的末端与中部支撑架(3-5)的内壁相配合，且中部支撑架(3-5)的外壁与中部滚筒(3-6)的内壁固定连接；所述远端输出轴(3-2)为齿轮轴，其齿轮部分与主齿轮(2-14)相啮合，其齿数小于主齿轮(2-14)的齿数；所述远端输出轴(3-2)远离齿轮的一端依次穿过中部滚筒(3-6)、同心轴承组(3-3)、定位套筒(3-14)、末端轴承组(3-10)而与远端支撑架(3-7)的内壁相配合，且远端支撑架(3-7)的外壁与 远端滚筒(3-9)的内壁配合连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种带有双速滚筒的采煤机截割部，其特征在于，所述左侧齿轮轴(2-1)与左截割电机(1-1)输出轴、右侧齿轮轴(2-3)与右截割电机(1-2)输出轴、行星减速机构(2-6)输出轴与一级齿轮轴(2-7)之间通过花键实现配合连接；
    所述总输入轴(2-5)远离齿轮的一端设置有花键槽，花键槽内开有螺纹孔，行星减速机构(2-6)的输入、输出轴上开有相贯穿的通孔，穿过通孔的螺栓(2-5-1)连接于该螺纹孔内，并与行星减速机构(2-6)的输入轴相连接，行星减速机构(2-6)与总输入轴(2-5)同时还通过花键相配合。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种带有双速滚筒的采煤机截割部，其特征在于，所述总输入轴(2-5)远离齿轮一端的轴段上设有轴肩，其轴肩处安装有承载套筒(2-5-2)；所述承载套筒(2-5-2)外侧套接有承载轴承组(2-17)，其轴承外圈处设置有轴承座(2-16)；所述轴承座(2-16)上设置有一对螺纹孔，通过螺栓与安装在截割部箱体(1-3)上的定位翅板(2-5-3)固定连接。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种带有双速滚筒的采煤机截割部，其特征在于，所述输入齿轮(2-9)的齿数为一级齿轮轴(2-7)上齿轮齿数的1.5-2.5倍；所述输入齿轮(2-9)的直径是输出齿轮(2-10)直径的1.5-2.5倍，输出齿轮(2-10)的模数是输入齿轮(2-9)的1.5-2倍。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种带有双速滚筒的采煤机截割部，其特征在于，所述速度分配轴(2-13)为芯轴，轴上安装有两组双列圆锥滚子轴承，每组双列圆锥滚子轴承的数量为两个，其中一组轴承的轴承外圈与副齿轮(2-15)相配合，另一组轴承的轴承外圈与主齿轮(2-14)相配合；
    所述主齿轮(2-14)与副齿轮(2-15)并排安装在速度分配轴(2-13)上，其相邻的轮辐面上均设置有相应的锥形孔，通过双锥面定位销(2-13-1)与所述主齿轮(2-14)和副齿轮(2-15)上的锥形孔配合，将两个齿轮连接为一个整体。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种带有双速滚筒的采煤机截割部，其特征在于，所述中部支撑架(3-5)的端面上设置有四个螺栓孔(3-5-6)，对应中部滚筒(3-6)的端面上也设置有四个分布相同的沉头孔(3-6-5)，通过沉头螺栓(3-11)穿过沉头孔(3-6-5)与该螺栓孔(3-5-6)配合，将中部支撑架(3-5)与中部滚筒(3-6)连接成一个整体，同时中部支撑架(3-5)的外壁通过槽状形面与中部滚筒(3-6)的筒壁内侧相配合。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种带有双速滚筒的采煤机截割部，其特征在于，所述远端支撑架(3-7)为圆台状，其内孔中部设置为齿形花键孔(3-7-1)，与远端输出轴(3-2)的末端花键相配合；所述远端输出轴(3-2)的末端端面上均布有螺纹孔(3-2-1)，且远端支撑架(3-7)上的端面沉孔(3-7-2)内设置有圆形压盘(3-12)，通过螺栓贯穿圆形压盘(3-12)连接于该螺纹孔(3-2-1)内，实现远端输出轴(3-2)与远端支撑架(3-7)的轴向固定；所述远端支撑架(3-7)的外侧端面上设置有均匀分布的一组螺纹孔(3-7-3)，通过螺栓将远端滚筒(3-9)和远端支撑架(3-7)连接成一个整体，并将远端滚筒(3-9)的端部腔体密封起来。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种带有双速滚筒的采煤机截割部，其特征在于，所述远端输出轴(3-2)为空心结构，中心穿有一根刚性水管(3-8)；所述刚性水管(3-8)一侧连接在进水端盖(1-3-3)上，另一侧伸出远端输出轴(3-2)的末端，并通过螺纹与远端滚筒(3-9)腔体内的喷嘴(3-8-1)相连接。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的一种带有双速滚筒的采煤机截割部，其特征在于，所述同心轴承组(3-3)为对装的两只圆锥滚子轴承，其外圈与中部输出轴(3-1)的内壁配合，其内圈与远端输出轴(3-2)的中间轴段(3-2-3)配合；所述定位轴承(3-4)为双列圆锥滚子轴承，其轴承内圈与中部输出轴(3-1)的外壁配合，轴承外圈与截割部箱体(1-3)配合；
    所述定位套筒(3-14)两侧端面分别与同心轴承组(3-3)、末端轴承组(3-10)的一侧轴承内圈相接触；所述中部支撑架(3-5)呈双筒壁结构，其内筒壁(3-5-3)与末端轴承组(3-10)的轴承外圈相配合；所述中部支撑架(3-5)双筒壁上开有一组径向通孔(3-5-4)，中部输出轴(3-1)上开有相应的径向通孔(3-1-4)，通过轴向定位销(3-15)插入两组通孔中，将中部支撑架(3-5)和中部输出轴(3-1)固定成一个整体。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的一种带有双速滚筒的采煤机截割部，其特征在于，所述远端滚筒(3-9)上设置有2条螺旋叶片，其螺旋叶片的螺旋升角为12°至20°，且螺旋叶片上布置有截齿；所述中部滚筒(3-6)的外壁上布置有1-3条螺旋叶片，其螺旋叶片的螺旋升角为20°至30°，且螺旋叶片上布置有截齿；
    所述中部滚筒(3-6)上螺旋叶片的螺旋升角大于远端滚筒(3-9)上螺旋叶片的螺旋升角；所述远端滚筒(3-9)的转速为中部滚筒(3-6)转速的1.5-3倍，且远端滚筒(3-9)的轴向长度是中部滚筒轴向长度的1-4倍。
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