WO2019107474A1 - 回転機械の翼の状態の監視センサ、センサの位置調節方法及び回転機械 - Google Patents

回転機械の翼の状態の監視センサ、センサの位置調節方法及び回転機械 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019107474A1
WO2019107474A1 PCT/JP2018/043906 JP2018043906W WO2019107474A1 WO 2019107474 A1 WO2019107474 A1 WO 2019107474A1 JP 2018043906 W JP2018043906 W JP 2018043906W WO 2019107474 A1 WO2019107474 A1 WO 2019107474A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sensor
casing
central axis
monitoring
wing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2018/043906
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
和浩 田村
丈雄 馬場
Original Assignee
三菱日立パワーシステムズ株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 三菱日立パワーシステムズ株式会社 filed Critical 三菱日立パワーシステムズ株式会社
Priority to DE112018005393.8T priority Critical patent/DE112018005393T5/de
Priority to US16/762,321 priority patent/US11248489B2/en
Priority to CN201880075355.3A priority patent/CN111386385B/zh
Priority to KR1020207014274A priority patent/KR102386283B1/ko
Publication of WO2019107474A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019107474A1/ja

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D21/00—Shutting-down of machines or engines, e.g. in emergency; Regulating, controlling, or safety means not otherwise provided for
    • F01D21/003—Arrangements for testing or measuring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/28—Supporting or mounting arrangements, e.g. for turbine casing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
    • F02C7/20—Mounting or supporting of plant; Accommodating heat expansion or creep
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
    • G01H1/00—Measuring characteristics of vibrations in solids by using direct conduction to the detector
    • G01H1/003—Measuring characteristics of vibrations in solids by using direct conduction to the detector of rotating machines
    • G01H1/006—Measuring characteristics of vibrations in solids by using direct conduction to the detector of rotating machines of the rotor of turbo machines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00—Application
    • F05D2220/30—Application in turbines
    • F05D2220/31—Application in turbines in steam turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2230/00—Manufacture
    • F05D2230/60—Assembly methods
    • F05D2230/64—Assembly methods using positioning or alignment devices for aligning or centring, e.g. pins
    • F05D2230/644—Assembly methods using positioning or alignment devices for aligning or centring, e.g. pins for adjusting the position or the alignment, e.g. wedges or eccenters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2250/00—Geometry
    • F05D2250/30—Arrangement of components
    • F05D2250/31—Arrangement of components according to the direction of their main axis or their axis of rotation
    • F05D2250/312—Arrangement of components according to the direction of their main axis or their axis of rotation the axes being parallel to each other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2260/00—Function
    • F05D2260/30—Retaining components in desired mutual position
    • F05D2260/36—Retaining components in desired mutual position by a form fit connection, e.g. by interlocking
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2270/00—Control
    • F05D2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
    • F05D2270/334—Vibration measurements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2270/00—Control
    • F05D2270/80—Devices generating input signals, e.g. transducers, sensors, cameras or strain gauges

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a sensor for monitoring the state of a wing of a rotary machine, a method of adjusting the position of the sensor, and a rotary machine.
  • a monitoring sensor may be provided to monitor the state of each part such as a wing or a rotor shaft.
  • a monitoring sensor In order to appropriately monitor the monitored object with such a monitoring sensor, it is necessary to place the monitoring sensor at an appropriate position with respect to the monitored object.
  • a sensor for detecting a radial displacement of a rotor shaft of a compressor there is known a mounting structure of a sensor capable of adjusting the distance between a sensor attached to a radially outer casing and the rotor shaft (patented Reference 1).
  • a sensor for detecting the vibration of the moving blade is often attached to a radially outer casing of the moving blade.
  • the moving blade and the casing may be deformed due to thermal expansion or the like due to the temperature rise due to the operation, and the relative position between the moving blade and the sensor may change.
  • the relative position between the moving blade and the sensor changes in the axial direction of the casing, the moving blade may deviate from the detection range of the sensor. Therefore, it is desirable to be able to adjust the position of the sensor in the axial direction of the casing.
  • the distance between the sensor and the rotor shaft is adjustable, the position of the sensor can not be adjusted in the axial direction of the casing.
  • At least one embodiment of the present invention aims to provide a monitoring sensor of the state of a wing of a rotary machine which can monitor the state of the wing even if the wing or the casing is deformed due to thermal elongation or the like. I assume.
  • a monitoring sensor of a blade state of a rotary machine A sensor for monitoring the condition of the rotating machine wing, A first portion configured to be secured to a casing of the rotating machine; And a second portion supported by the first portion so as to hold the sensor and adjustably adjust the position of the sensor in the axial direction of the casing.
  • the relative position between the wing and the sensor changes in the axial direction of the casing. Since the casing can be changed in the axial direction, the condition of the wing can be monitored.
  • the second portion is configured to be rotatable relative to the first portion around a central axis of the second portion,
  • the sensor is provided at a position eccentric to a central axis of the first portion.
  • the second portion can be made to the first portion around the central axis of the second portion.
  • the position of the sensor can be moved in the axial direction of the casing.
  • the first portion includes a first fitting portion configured by a circular recess or protrusion concentric with the central axis of the first portion
  • the second portion includes a second fitting portion configured by a circular protrusion or a recess that fits with the recess or the protrusion of the first fitting portion.
  • the second fitting portion is rotated relative to the first portion while the second fitting portion restricts displacement in the radial direction with respect to the central axis of the first portion with respect to the first fitting portion. Can move.
  • the first portion includes a first flange portion having a plurality of first holes into which a plurality of fastening members are respectively inserted
  • the second portion includes a plurality of second holes through which the plurality of fastening members are respectively inserted, and includes a second flange portion coupled to the first flange portion by the plurality of fastening members.
  • the first flange portion and the second flange portion are relatively rotatable.
  • At least one of the plurality of first holes or the plurality of second holes is a long hole extending along the direction of relative rotation between the first flange and the second flange. .
  • At least one of the plurality of first holes or the plurality of second holes through which the fastening member is inserted is a long hole, the first portion within the extension range of the long hole
  • the second part can be fixed at any angular position.
  • the senor is rotatable around a central axis of the sensor that is parallel to a central axis of the first portion. In the second part.
  • the orientation of the sensor be adjustable.
  • the sensor in the configuration of the above (5), can be rotated so that the sensor can measure in a predetermined orientation with respect to the wing.
  • the second part is A fixed portion fixed to the first portion so as to be rotatable about a central axis concentric with the first portion;
  • a sensor holding portion that holds the sensor and is provided eccentrically with respect to a central axis of the fixed portion so as to be rotatable with respect to the fixed portion; including.
  • the portion to be fixed is rotated with respect to the first portion, thereby to the central axis of the portion to be fixed Since the eccentric sensor holding portion can be moved in the axial direction of the casing, the sensor can be moved in the axial direction of the casing. Further, by rotating the sensor holding portion with respect to the fixed portion, the sensor can be rotated with respect to the casing.
  • the second portion is configured to be able to change the radial position of the casing with respect to the first portion. ing.
  • the distance between the radial outer end of the wing and the position of the sensor can be changed.
  • a method of adjusting the position of a sensor according to at least one embodiment of the present invention, A method for adjusting the position of a sensor for monitoring the condition of a rotary machine wing, comprising: A first portion is fixed to a casing of the rotary machine, and a second portion holding the sensor is supported by the first portion. Adjusting the position of the sensor in the axial direction of the casing by changing the positional relationship between the first portion and the second portion.
  • the temperature of the rotary machine is increased due to the temperature rise of the blade and the casing being deformed due to thermal expansion and the like, and the relative position between the blade and the sensor changes in the axial direction of the casing. It can be changed in the axial direction of the casing.
  • the sensor is rotatably held by the second portion around a central axis of the sensor that is parallel to a central axis of the first portion. And a pivoting step of pivoting the sensor around a central axis of the sensor.
  • a rotary machine A rotating shaft on which multiple wings are attached; A casing for housing the rotating shaft; A monitoring sensor for monitoring the state of the plurality of wings, the monitoring sensor being inserted into a through hole of the casing provided along the radial direction of the casing and having a tip protruding inside the casing; , And a sensor protection member mounted on an upstream side of the through hole in the rotational direction of the wing on an inner circumferential surface of the casing.
  • the working fluid carries dust and droplets
  • erosion may occur at the tip of the monitoring sensor protruding from the inner circumferential surface of the casing.
  • the sensor protection member is attached on the upstream side in the rotational direction of the wing with respect to the through hole on the inner peripheral surface of the casing, the erosion of the monitoring sensor can be suppressed. .
  • the state of the wing can be monitored by the monitoring sensor.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a steam turbine according to some embodiments. It is a figure showing composition concerning vibration detection of a moving blade. It is an explanatory view of vibration waveform processing concerning detection of vibration of a moving blade. It is a graph which shows the vibration waveform of a 1st moving blade.
  • FIG. 5 is a view schematically showing a moving blade row composed of a plurality of integral shroud blades attached to the rotor as viewed from the outer side in the radial direction of the moving blade.
  • FIG. 1 It is a figure shown about an example in case an angular position of the 2nd portion to the 1st portion differs from the state shown in FIG. It is a figure showing a typical structure when an electromagnetic pick-up type sensor as an example of a sensor which has an asymmetrical structure to a central axis is seen along a central axis. It is a figure showing typically a section of a surveillance sensor of one embodiment for explaining an erosion countermeasure of surveillance sensor 9, and a section which met a radial direction of a casing was seen along an axial direction of a casing. FIG. It is a figure showing typically the section of the surveillance sensor of one embodiment for explaining the measure against an erosion of surveillance sensor 9, and shows the state where the sensor protection member was installed. It is sectional drawing of the 2nd part which concerns on a modification.
  • expressions that indicate that things such as “identical”, “equal” and “homogeneous” are equal states not only represent strictly equal states, but also have tolerances or differences with which the same function can be obtained. It also represents the existing state.
  • expressions representing shapes such as quadrilateral shapes and cylindrical shapes not only represent shapes such as rectangular shapes and cylindrical shapes in a geometrically strict sense, but also uneven portions and chamfers within the range where the same effect can be obtained. The shape including a part etc. shall also be expressed.
  • the expressions “comprising”, “having”, “having”, “including” or “having” one component are not exclusive expressions excluding the presence of other components.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration view showing a steam turbine 1 according to some embodiments.
  • a steam turbine 1 is configured to rotationally drive a rotor (rotational shaft) 2 by steam introduced into a casing (vehicle compartment) 7 a from a steam inlet 4. It is done.
  • the steam discharge mechanism such as the exhaust chamber is omitted.
  • the steam turbine 1 includes a plurality of moving blades 6 provided on the rotor 2 side, a casing 7a, and a stator (stationary portion) 7 including a plurality of stationary blades 7b provided on the casing 7a side. Equipped with The plurality of moving blades 6 and the plurality of stationary blades 7 b are alternately arranged in the direction of the central axis O of the rotor 2.
  • the steam flowing along the direction of the central axis O of the rotor 2 passes through the moving blades 6 and the stationary blades 7b to rotate the rotor 2 and the rotational energy given to the rotor 2 is taken out from the shaft end to generate electricity etc. It is supposed to be used.
  • the direction of the central axis O of the rotor 2 is also referred to as the axial direction of the casing 7a.
  • the radial direction of the rotor 2 may be referred to as the radial direction of the casing 7 a, and may also be referred to as the radial direction of the moving blades 6.
  • a rotary machine such as the steam turbine 1 configured as described above, it is known that the blades vibrate by rotation. Therefore, it is also performed to detect the vibration of the wing in operation of the rotary machine.
  • a plurality of sensors may be attached to the casing facing the radially outer end of the moving blade, and the vibration of the moving blade may be detected by the plurality of sensors.
  • a plurality of monitoring sensors 9 having sensors 8 for detecting the vibration of the moving blades 6 are attached to the casing 7 a facing the radially outer end of the moving blades 6.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration related to the detection of vibration of the moving blade 6.
  • the n-th moving blade 6-n, which are the n moving blades 6, are attached around the rotor 2 ing.
  • a plurality of sensors 8 for detecting passage of the moving blades 6 are disposed at positions facing the radial outer end of each moving blade 6, that is, the end on the outer peripheral side (tip side).
  • m sensors 8 are arranged at equal pitches or unequal pitches in the circumferential direction with respect to a casing 7a (not shown) in FIG.
  • the plurality of sensors 8 will be referred to as a first sensor 8-1, a second sensor 8-2, a third sensor 8-3 to an m-th sensor 8-m in order along the rotational direction of the rotor 2.
  • Each sensor 8 may be, for example, an electromagnetic sensor, an optical sensor, a capacitive sensor, or an eddy current sensor. If the passage of the moving blade 6 can be detected, sensors of various detection methods can be used as the sensor 8.
  • a detection signal of each sensor 8 is input to the controller 50 and processed by the controller 50.
  • a signal from the rotation detector 51 which is a reference position sensor for detecting the zero position (reference position) of the rotor 2, is also input to the controller 50.
  • FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of the vibration waveform processing related to the detection of the vibration of the moving blade 6.
  • the outputs of the first sensor 8-1, the second sensor 8-2, the third sensor 8-3,... are shown in order from the top, and the output of the rotation detector 51 is shown at the bottom.
  • the solid line indicates the output from each sensor 8 in the reference state in which the moving blade 6 is not vibrating.
  • the broken line indicates the output from each sensor 8 in a state where the moving blade 6 is vibrating (vibration state).
  • the first sensor 8-1 includes a signal S11 by the passage of the first moving blade 6-1, a signal S12 by the passage of the second moving blade 6-2, and a signal S13 by the passage of the third moving blade 6-3. Output.
  • the second sensor 8-2 outputs a signal S21 by the passage of the first moving blade 6-1, and a signal S22 by the passage of the second moving blade 6-2.
  • the third sensor 8-3 outputs signals S31,... Resulting from the passage of the first moving blade 6-1.
  • the controller 50 calculates the first passing timing at which each moving blade 6 passes each sensor 8 assuming that the moving blade 6 does not vibrate. That is, the controller 50 calculates the output timing of the signal from each sensor 8 estimated to be output in the reference state as shown by the solid line in FIG. 3 as the first passage timing. Further, the controller 50 acquires the passage timing of each moving blade 6 as a second passage timing based on the signals actually detected by each sensor 8 as shown by the broken line in FIG. 3. Then, the controller 50 compares the calculated first passing timing with the second passing timing of each moving blade 6 actually detected by each sensor 8 to calculate a passing time difference ⁇ .
  • the controller 50 compares the passing time difference .DELTA..tau.1 between the reference state and the vibration state of the first moving blade 6-1 at the installation position of the first sensor 8-1.
  • Passage time difference ⁇ 2 between the reference state and the vibration state of the first moving blade 6-1 at the installation position of the sensor 8-2, the reference state and vibration of the first moving blade 6-1 at the installation position of the third sensor 8-3
  • the passing time difference ⁇ 3... Between the states is calculated.
  • the controller passes through the reference state and vibration state of each moving blade 6-2 to 6-n at the installation position of each sensor 8 Each time difference ⁇ is calculated.
  • the controller 50 generates displacements (amplitudes) ⁇ 1-1, ⁇ 1-2, and the like for the first moving blade 6-1 based on the passing time difference ⁇ calculated as described above and the circumferential velocity u of the moving blade 6. Find .delta.1-3.
  • the vibration waveform of the first moving blade 6-1 is obtained by plotting the amplitudes ⁇ 1-1, ⁇ 1-2, ⁇ 1-3,... Thus obtained with the time axis as the horizontal axis as shown in FIG. Is obtained.
  • FIG. 4 is a graph showing the vibration waveform of the first moving blade 6-1. That is, the controller 50 plots the calculated amplitudes ⁇ 1-1, ⁇ 1-2, ⁇ 1-3 ... as shown in FIG. Get the waveform.
  • the controller 50 similarly obtains vibration waveforms for the other moving blades 6-2 to 6-n. Then, the controller 50 calculates the vibration displacement in the out-of-plane direction of the moving blade 6 based on the acquired vibration waveforms, and detects the vibration state (vibration mode) of the moving blade 6.
  • the moving blade 6 and the casing 7a may be deformed due to thermal expansion or the like due to temperature rise due to operation, and the relative position between the moving blade 6 and the sensor 8 may change. is there.
  • the relative position between the moving blade 6 and the sensor 8 changes in the axial direction of the casing 7a, the moving blade 6 may deviate from the detection range of the sensor 8.
  • the axial relative position between the blade and the sensor in the casing may have the following limitations.
  • FIG. 5 is a view schematically showing a moving blade row composed of a plurality of integral shroud blades attached to the rotor as viewed from the outer side in the radial direction of the moving blade.
  • the integral shroud blade 60 shown in FIG. 5 has an airfoil portion 61 having an airfoil shape, and a shroud 62 provided at the radially outer end of the moving blade in the airfoil portion 61.
  • the arrow x indicates the axial direction of the casing
  • the arrow R1 indicates the rotation direction of the integral shroud blade 60.
  • the end face of the shroud 62 is in pressure contact with the end face of the shroud 62 of another adjacent integral shroud blade 60.
  • the detection range of the sensor is, for example, approximately 2 in the axial direction of the casing. It must be in the range a sandwiched by the two-dot chain line of the book.
  • the integral shroud blade 60 may be out of the detection range of the sensor.
  • the shrouds 62 of adjacent integral shroud blades 60 are in contact with each other. It may not be detected individually.
  • the monitoring sensor 9 is configured to adjust the position of the sensor 8 in the axial direction of the casing 7a.
  • FIG. 6 is a view schematically showing a cross section of the monitoring sensor 9 according to an embodiment, and is a view of a cross section along the radial direction of the casing 7 a as viewed from the rotational direction of the moving blade 6.
  • FIG. 9 is a view schematically showing a cross section of the monitoring sensor 9 of another embodiment, and is a view of a cross section along the radial direction of the casing 7 a as viewed from the rotation direction of the moving blade 6.
  • the upper direction in the drawing which is the outer side in the radial direction of the casing 7a, is simply referred to as the upper direction or the upper side, and in FIG. 6 and FIG. Also called downward or downward.
  • the axial direction of the casing 7a is the illustrated left and right direction.
  • the arrow x has shown the axial direction of the casing 7a.
  • the monitoring sensor 9 of some embodiments comprises a sensor 8 for detecting the vibration of the moving blade 6, ie for monitoring the state of the moving blade 6.
  • the monitoring sensor 9 of some embodiments comprises a first portion 10 configured to be fixed to the casing 7a.
  • the monitoring sensor 9 according to some embodiments includes a second portion 20 that holds the sensor 8 and is supported by the first portion 10 so as to adjust the position of the sensor 8 in the axial direction of the casing 7a.
  • the second portion 20 is configured to be rotatable relative to the first portion 10 around a central axis AX2 of the second portion 20, as described later.
  • the sensor 8 is provided at a position eccentric to the central axis AX1 of the first portion 10.
  • through holes 7c are provided at a plurality of locations at a position facing the radially outer end of the moving blade 6 in the casing 7a to make the sensor 8 face the radially outer end of the moving blade 6 It is done.
  • a female screw 7d is formed on the radially inner peripheral surface of the casing 7a in the through hole 7c.
  • an external thread 11 is formed to be coupled with the internal thread 7d of the casing 7a.
  • the first portion 10 of some embodiments is fixed to the casing 7a by the external thread 11 being coupled with the internal thread 7d of the casing 7a.
  • the fixing method of the 1st part 10 with respect to the casing 7a may couple
  • a flange part in the lower part of the 1st part 10 instead of connection of screw parts, a flange part may be provided also in the casing 7a, and these flange parts may be combined.
  • the first portion 10 of some embodiments is provided with a through hole 12 through which a sensor holding portion 220, 232 described later of the second portion 20 is inserted.
  • the central axis of the through hole 12 coincides with the central axis AX1 of the first portion 10.
  • a first mating portion 13 is formed at the top of the first portion 10 of some embodiments.
  • the first fitting portion 13 is a concave portion which is recessed downward from the upper surface of the first portion 10 and is concentric with the central axis AX1 of the first portion 10.
  • a first flange portion 14 is formed on the top of the first portion 10 of some embodiments.
  • FIG. 7 is a view of the first flange portion 14 as viewed from the outer side in the radial direction of the casing 7a.
  • a plurality of elongated holes 15 extending in the circumferential direction centering on the central axis AX ⁇ b> 1 are formed in a portion outside the first fitting portion 13.
  • the second portion 20 of some embodiments is configured to be pivotable relative to the first portion 10 about a central axis AX2 of the second portion 20, as will be described next.
  • the second portion 20 of some embodiments includes a second fitting portion 21 configured by a circular protrusion that fits with the first fitting portion 13 of the first portion 10.
  • the second fitting portion 21 is a circular convex portion concentric with the central axis AX2 of the second portion 20.
  • the second portion 20 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 6 includes the fixed portion 210 and the sensor holding portion 220, and the second fitting portion 21 is provided below the fixed portion 210 as described later. It is done. Further, in the second portion 20 of the other embodiment shown in FIG. 9, the second fitting portion 21 is provided at the lower portion of the flange portion 231 as described later.
  • the fixed portion 210 includes a lower flange portion 211, an intermediate portion 212, and an upper flange portion 213.
  • a through hole 214 extending in the vertical direction is formed.
  • the central axis 214 a of the through hole 214 is eccentric to the central axis AX 2 of the second portion 20.
  • the lower flange portion 211 is a flange portion provided at the lower portion of the fixed portion 210, and is flanged with the first flange portion 14 of the first portion 10. That is, the lower flange portion 211 is a second flange portion flanged to the first flange portion 14.
  • the second fitting portion 21 described above is formed on the lower surface of the lower flange portion (second flange portion) 211. As described above, the second fitting portion 21 is a circular convex portion concentric with the center axis AX2 of the second portion 20, and the center axis 214a of the through hole portion 214 is the portion of the second portion 20. It is eccentric with respect to the central axis AX2.
  • the through hole 214 is eccentric to the second fitting portion 21.
  • a plurality of bolt holes 215 are formed on the circumference centering on the central axis AX2 at a portion outside the second fitting portion 21.
  • the bolt hole 215 is a circular hole and is not a slot extending in the circumferential direction around the center axis AX2 such as the slot 15 of the first flange portion 14 shown in FIG. It may be a slot extending in the circumferential direction centering on AX2.
  • the middle portion 212 is a hollow shaft-like portion connecting the lower flange portion 211 and the upper flange portion 213, and the inner circumferential surface forms a through hole portion 214.
  • the upper flange portion 213 is, for example, a disk-like flange portion concentric with the central axis 214 a of the through hole portion 214.
  • the upper flange portion 213 is formed with a recessed portion 216 which is recessed downward from the upper surface of the upper flange portion 213.
  • a spacer 271 is accommodated for adjusting the position of the sensor 8 in the radial direction of the casing, as described later.
  • a plurality of bolt holes 217 are formed on the circumference centering on the central axis 214a of the through hole portion 214 at a portion outside the concave portion 216.
  • the bolt holes 217 are circular holes in the same manner as the bolt holes 215 of the lower flange portion 211, and are circumferentially centered on a central axis AX2 such as the elongated holes 15 of the first flange portion 14 shown in FIG. Although it is not an elongated slot, it may be a slot extending in a circumferential direction about the central axis AX2.
  • the sensor holding portion 220 in the second portion 20 of one embodiment includes a flange portion 221, a shaft portion 222, and a step portion 223.
  • the flange portion 221 is a flange portion which is flanged to the upper flange portion 213 of the fixed portion 210.
  • the flange portion 221 has a plurality of elongated holes 224 extending in the circumferential direction centering on the central axis 220 a of the sensor holding portion 220 as the elongated holes 15 of the first flange portion 14 shown in FIG. 7.
  • the shaft portion 222 extends downward from the flange portion 221 and is an axial portion concentric with the central axis 220 a of the sensor holding portion 220.
  • the shaft portion 222 holds the sensor 8 near the lower end.
  • the sensor 8 is held by the shaft portion 222 such that the central axis 8 a thereof is concentric with the central axis 220 a of the sensor holding portion 220.
  • the shaft portion 222 is inserted into the through hole portion 214 of the fixed portion 210 and the through hole 12 of the first portion 10, and is inserted into the through hole portion 7c of the casing 7a. When the shaft portion 222 is inserted into the through hole portion 214 of the fixed portion 210, the central axis 220a of the sensor holding portion 220 and the central axis 214a of the through hole portion 214 become concentric.
  • the position of the lower end of the shaft portion 222 in the radial direction of the casing 7a is substantially the same as the position of the inner peripheral surface of the casing 7a.
  • the lower end of the shaft portion 222 may protrude inward in the radial direction of the casing 7a from the inner circumferential surface of the casing 7a, or may be recessed outward in the radial direction of the casing 7a from the inner circumferential surface of the casing 7a.
  • the stepped portion 223 is a stepped portion having a diameter larger than that of the shaft portion 222 at the upper portion of the shaft portion 222. As described later, when the sensor holding portion 220 is attached to the fixed portion 210, the spacer 271 is disposed between the upper surface of the concave portion 216 of the fixed portion 210 and the lower surface of the step portion 223.
  • the second portion 20 of another embodiment shown in FIG. 9 has a flange portion 231, a second fitting portion 21 and a sensor holding portion 232.
  • the flange portion 231, the second fitting portion 21, and the sensor holding portion 232 are arranged to be concentric with the central axis AX2 of the second portion 20.
  • the flange portion 231 is a flange portion that is flanged with the first flange portion 14 at the top of the first portion 10. That is, the flange portion 231 is a second flange portion that is flanged with the first flange portion 14.
  • a plurality of bolt holes 233 are formed on the circumference centered on the central axis AX2 of the second portion 20.
  • the bolt hole 233 is a circular hole and is not a slot extending in the circumferential direction around the center axis AX2 such as the slot 15 of the first flange portion 14 shown in FIG. It may be a slot extending in the circumferential direction centering on AX2.
  • the second fitting portion 21 is provided at the lower portion of the flange portion 231.
  • the sensor holding portion 232 extends downward from the second fitting portion 21 and is an axial portion coaxial with the central axis AX2 of the second portion 20 as described above.
  • the sensor holding unit 232 holds the sensor 8 near the lower end.
  • the sensor 8 is held by the sensor holding portion 232 such that the central axis 8a is eccentric from the central axis AX2 of the second portion 20.
  • the sensor holding portion 232 is inserted into the through hole 12 of the first portion 10 and is inserted into the through hole 7 c of the casing 7 a.
  • the position of the lower end of the sensor holding portion 232 in the radial direction of the casing 7 a is substantially the same as the position of the inner peripheral surface of the casing 7 a.
  • the lower end of the sensor holding portion 232 may protrude inward in the radial direction of the casing 7a from the inner circumferential surface of the casing 7a, or may be recessed outward in the radial direction of the casing 7a from the inner circumferential surface of the casing 7a.
  • the parts of the monitoring sensor 9 are assembled as follows.
  • the first fitting portion 13 of the first portion 10 fixed to the casing 7a and the second fitting portion 21 of the fixed portion 210 of the second portion 20 are the same.
  • the first flange portion 14 of the first portion 10 and the lower flange portion 211 of the fixed portion 210 are coupled together by fastening a bolt 71 inserted through the long hole 15 and the bolt hole 215 with a nut 72.
  • the fixed portion 210 is fixed to the first portion 10.
  • the sensor holding unit 220 is fixed to the fixed unit 210. Specifically, the upper flange portion 213 of the fixed portion 210 and the flange portion 221 of the sensor holding portion 220 are coupled by fastening the bolt 71 inserted through the bolt hole 217 and the long hole 224 with the nut 72. Be done. As described above, the spacer 271 is accommodated in the concave portion 216 of the fixed portion 210, and the spacer 271 is held between the upper surface of the concave portion 216 and the lower surface of the stepped portion 223 of the sensor holding portion 220. There is.
  • the sensor holding portion 220 of the second portion 20 is configured to be capable of changing the radial position of the casing 7 a with respect to the first portion 10. That is, since the position of the sensor 8 in the radial direction of the casing 7a can be adjusted by changing the thickness of the spacer 271, the distance between the radial outer end of the moving blade 6 and the position of the sensor 8 can be changed.
  • the first fitting portion 13 of the first portion 10 fixed to the casing 7a and the second fitting portion 21 of the second portion 20 are fitted.
  • the first flange portion 14 of the first portion 10 and the flange portion 231 of the second portion 20 are coupled together by fastening a bolt 71 inserted through the long hole 15 and the bolt hole 233 with a nut 72.
  • the second portion 20 is fixed to the first portion 10.
  • the fixed portion 210 is fixed to the first portion 10 so as to be rotatable around the central axis concentric with the first portion 10.
  • the central axis AX2 of the second portion 20 in one embodiment is the central axis of the fixed portion 210, and is concentric with the central axis AX1 of the first portion 10 as described above.
  • the central axis 214 a of the through hole 214 is eccentric to the central axis AX 2 of the second portion 20. Therefore, the central axis 214 a of the through hole 214 is eccentric to the central axis AX 1 of the first portion 10.
  • the sensor 8 moves in the circumferential direction about the central axis AX1.
  • the position of the sensor 8 in the axial direction of the casing 7a can be adjusted by moving the sensor 8 in the circumferential direction around the central axis AX1.
  • the position of the sensor 8 in the axial direction of the casing 7a is changed by changing the positional relationship between the first portion 10 and the second portion 20.
  • Position adjustment step to adjust the is included in the method of adjusting the position of the sensor using the monitoring sensor 9 according to one embodiment.
  • the fixed portion 210 relative to the first portion 10 is used to change the positional relationship between the first portion 10 and the second portion 20. Pivoting is included.
  • FIG. 8 is a view showing an example in which the angular position of the fixed portion 210 with respect to the first portion 10 is different from the state shown in FIG. As apparent from comparison between FIG. 6 and FIG. 8, the position of the sensor 8 in the axial direction of the casing 7a is shifted to the right in FIG. 8 as compared to FIG.
  • the fixed portion 210 is rotated with respect to the first portion 10 to be biased with respect to the central axis AX2 of the second portion 20 which is the central axis of the fixed portion 210. Since the center sensor holding portion 220 can be moved in the axial direction of the casing 7a, the sensor 8 can be moved in the axial direction of the casing 7a.
  • the bolt holes of the first flange portion 14 are a plurality of elongated holes 15, the first flange portion 14 is within the range of the extension length of the elongated holes 15 in the circumferential direction about the central axis AX1. And the lower flange portion (second flange portion) 211 can be relatively rotated. As described above, in the monitoring sensor 9 according to one embodiment, the elongated hole 15 extends along the direction of relative rotation between the first flange portion 14 and the lower flange portion (second flange portion) 211. The second portion 20 can be fixed at any angular position relative to the first portion 10 within the extension of the hole 15.
  • the sensor holding portion 220 is rotated relative to the fixed portion 210 around the central axis 214a of the through hole portion 214 (the central axis 220a of the sensor holding portion 220). Can move. That is, the sensor 8 is held by the second portion 20 rotatably around the central axis of the sensor 8 which is parallel to the central axis AX1 of the first portion 10. Further, the sensor holding portion 220 holds the sensor 8 and is provided eccentrically with respect to the central axis AX2 of the fixed portion 210 so as to be rotatable with respect to the fixed portion 210. Therefore, in the monitoring sensor 9 according to the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the angular position of the sensor 8 centered on the central axis of the sensor 8 can be adjusted regardless of the position of the sensor 8 in the axial direction of the casing 7a.
  • the method of adjusting the position of the sensor using the monitoring sensor 9 includes a pivoting step of pivoting the sensor 8 around the central axis of the sensor 8.
  • the sensor that can be used as the sensor 8 also includes a sensor that is asymmetric with respect to the central axis and needs to be measured in a predetermined orientation with respect to the moving blade 6.
  • An example of such a sensor is, for example, an electromagnetic pickup type sensor in which permanent magnets and detection coils are arranged in parallel via a partition wall as shown in FIG.
  • an electromagnetic pickup type sensor a change in a magnetic field formed by a permanent magnet is detected by a detection coil.
  • FIG. 11 is a view showing a schematic structure when an electromagnetic pickup type sensor as an example of a sensor having an asymmetric structure with respect to the central axis is viewed along the central axis.
  • the permanent magnet 81 and the detection coil 82 are arranged in parallel via the partition wall 83 inside the protective member 84. ing.
  • the asymmetric sensor 80 is used as the sensor 8 according to some embodiments and the central axis of the asymmetric sensor 80 is disposed along the radial direction of the casing 7a will be described.
  • the asymmetric sensor 80 as shown by arrow b in FIG. 11, when the moving blade 6 approaches the permanent magnet 81 first and then orients the asymmetric sensor 80 so as to approach the detection coil 82.
  • the detection sensitivity of the moving blade 6 in the asymmetric sensor 80 is most enhanced. Therefore, when the asymmetric sensor 80 is used as the sensor 8 according to some embodiments, it is desirable that the monitoring sensor 9 be configured so that the orientation of the asymmetric sensor 80 can be changed.
  • the asymmetric sensor 80 is used as the sensor 8.
  • the asymmetry sensor 80 can be turned so that 80 can be measured with respect to the moving blade 6 in a predetermined orientation.
  • the point that the position of the sensor 8 in the axial direction of the casing 7a is adjustable will be described.
  • the central axis AX2 of the second portion 20 is concentric with the central axis AX1 of the first portion 10 as described above.
  • the central axis 8a of the sensor 8 is eccentric from the central axis AX2 of the second portion 20.
  • FIG. 10 is a view showing an example in which the angular position of the second portion 20 with respect to the first portion 10 is different from the state shown in FIG. As apparent from comparison between FIG.
  • the position of the sensor 8 in the axial direction of the casing 7a is shifted to the right side in FIG. 10 as compared with FIG.
  • the bolt holes of the first flange portion 14 are a plurality of elongated holes 15 also in the monitoring sensor 9 of the other embodiment shown in FIG. Therefore, the first flange portion 14 and the flange portion (second flange portion) 231 are relatively rotated within the range of the extension length of the long holes 15 in the circumferential direction centering on the central axis AX1. Can be coupled together.
  • the monitoring sensor 9 of some embodiments includes the sensor 8 for monitoring the condition of the moving blade 6, and the first portion 10 configured to be fixed to the casing 7a.
  • the second portion 20 holding the sensor 8.
  • the second portion 20 is supported by the first portion 10 such that the position of the sensor 8 in the axial direction of the casing 7a can be adjusted.
  • thermal expansion or the like occurs due to a temperature rise during operation of the steam turbine 1 so that the position of the sensor 8 is set to the casing 7a even if the relative position between the moving blade 6 and the sensor 8 changes in the axial direction
  • the state of the moving blade 6 can be monitored because it can be changed in the axial direction.
  • the second portion 20 is configured to be rotatable relative to the first portion 10 around the central axis AX2 of the second portion 20, and the sensor 8 Is provided at a position eccentric to the central axis AX1 of the first portion 10.
  • the position of the sensor 8 can be moved in the axial direction of the casing 7a by rotating the second portion 20 with respect to the first portion 10 around the central axis AX2 of the second portion 20.
  • the first portion 10 includes the first fitting portion 13 configured by a circular recess concentric with the central axis AX1.
  • the second portion 20 includes a second fitting portion 21 configured by a circular convex portion that fits with the concave portion of the first fitting portion 13.
  • the second fitting portion 21 restricts the displacement of the first fitting portion 13 in the radial direction with respect to the central axis AX1 of the first fitting portion 13 with respect to the first fitting portion 13. It can rotate.
  • FIG. 12A is a view schematically showing a cross section of the monitoring sensor 9 according to an embodiment, and is a view of a cross section along the radial direction of the casing 7a along the axial direction of the casing.
  • an arrow R2 indicates the rotation direction of the moving blade 6.
  • the shaft portion 222 collides with the projecting portion 222 a from the inner circumferential surface of the casing 7 a from the upstream side in the rotational direction of the moving blade 6. Therefore, there is a possibility that an erosion may occur on the upstream side in the rotational direction of the moving blade 6 in the projecting portion 222a.
  • the sensor protection member 75 is attached to the inner circumferential surface of the casing 7a at the upstream side in the rotational direction of the moving blade 6 with respect to the through hole 7c. ing.
  • 12B is the same as FIG. 12A, and shows a state in which the sensor protection member 75 is installed. If the sensor protection member 75 is shaped and sized such that the protruding portion 222a is hidden by the sensor protection member 75 when viewed from the upstream side in the rotational direction of the moving blade 6, the effect of suppressing the erosion is enhanced.
  • the material of the sensor protection member 75 can be metal, ceramics or the like. When it is not desirable to use metal as the material of the sensor protection member 75, such as when the type of the sensor 8 is an eddy current sensor, the material of the sensor protection member 75 may be a nonmetal material such as ceramics.
  • the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and includes the embodiments in which the above-described embodiments are modified, and the embodiments in which these embodiments are appropriately combined.
  • the plurality of bolt holes of the first flange portion 14 may be elongated holes 15 to fix the second portion 20 to the first portion 10 at an arbitrary angular position. So configured.
  • the plurality of bolt holes of the first flange portion 14 may be circular holes instead of the long holes 15. Even in this case, the angular position of the second portion 20 with respect to the first portion 10 can be changed in units of arrangement pitches of a plurality of bolt holes.
  • the angular position of the second portion 20 with respect to the first portion 10 can be changed at a pitch of 30 degrees.
  • the second portion 20 is configured to be rotatable relative to the first portion 10 around the central axis AX2 of the second portion 20, that is, around the central axis AX1 of the first portion 10. Then, by providing the sensor 8 at a position eccentric to the central axis AX1 of the first portion 10, the second portion 20 is rotated with respect to the first portion 10 to position the sensor 8 in the axial direction of the casing 7a. It was configured to be adjustable. However, the configuration for adjusting the position of the sensor 8 in the axial direction of the casing 7a is not limited to such a configuration.
  • the shape of the through hole 12 of the first portion 10 when viewed along the central axis AX1 may be an elongated hole shape extending in the axial direction of the casing 7a. Then, the first portion 10 and the second portion 20 can be fixed in a state in which the shaft portion 222 of the second portion 20 and the sensor holding portion 232 are moved to any position in the axial direction of the casing 7 a in the through hole 12 You may
  • the sensor 8 can not be rotated about the central axis 8 a of the sensor 8 with respect to the second portion 20.
  • a hole 232a extending in a direction parallel to the central axis AX2 with respect to the sensor holding portion 232 is provided, and the shaft portion 235 is inserted through the hole 232a.
  • the shaft portion 235 holds the sensor 8 in the vicinity of the lower end.
  • the sensor 8 can be rotated about the central axis 8a with respect to the second portion 20 by rotating the axial portion 235 within the hole 232a around the central axis of the axial portion 235 parallel to the central axis AX2. .
  • the central axis of the shaft portion 235 may coincide with, for example, the central axis of the sensor 8 and 8a.
  • FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the second portion 20 according to a modification.
  • the monitoring sensor 9 was provided to detect the vibration of the moving blade 6.
  • the configuration according to the monitoring sensor 9 of some embodiments may be applied to a monitoring sensor for detecting the vibration of the stationary blade 7b.
  • the application of the monitoring sensor 9 is not limited to the detection of the vibration of the moving blade 6, and for example, the radially outer end of the moving blade 6 and the inner periphery of the casing 7a may be used by the monitoring sensor 9 according to some embodiments.
  • the tip clearance which is the clearance with the surface, may be detected.
  • the monitoring sensor 9 is configured to adjust the position of the sensor 8 in the radial direction of the casing 7a by adjusting the relative position of the sensor holding portion 220 and the fixed portion 210 by the spacer 271.
  • the relative position between the fixed portion 210 and the first portion 10 may be adjusted by the spacer 271, and also by this configuration, the position of the sensor 8 in the radial direction of the casing 7a is adjusted. it can.
  • the spacer 271 is interposed between the first portion 10 and the second portion 20, and the thickness of the spacer 271 is changed to thereby form the casing 7a.
  • the position of the sensor 8 in the radial direction may be adjusted.
  • the bolt holes of one flange portion of two flange portions coupled to each other are elongated holes and the bolt holes of the other flange portion are circular holes
  • the bolt holes in the flange portion may be circular holes
  • the bolt holes in the other flange portion may be long holes.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
PCT/JP2018/043906 2017-11-30 2018-11-29 回転機械の翼の状態の監視センサ、センサの位置調節方法及び回転機械 WO2019107474A1 (ja)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE112018005393.8T DE112018005393T5 (de) 2017-11-30 2018-11-29 Überwachungssensor für einen Zustand einer Schaufel einer rotierenden Maschine,Positionseinstellverfahren, und rotierende Maschine
US16/762,321 US11248489B2 (en) 2017-11-30 2018-11-29 Monitoring sensor for state of blade of rotating machine, position adjustment method for sensor, and rotating machine
CN201880075355.3A CN111386385B (zh) 2017-11-30 2018-11-29 旋转机械的叶片的状态的监视传感器、传感器的位置调节方法及旋转机械
KR1020207014274A KR102386283B1 (ko) 2017-11-30 2018-11-29 회전 기계의 블레이드의 상태의 감시 센서, 센서의 위치 조절 방법 및 회전 기계

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JP2017230939A JP7116541B2 (ja) 2017-11-30 2017-11-30 回転機械の翼の状態の監視センサ及びセンサの位置調節方法
JP2017-230939 2017-11-30

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JP6994350B2 (ja) * 2017-10-26 2022-01-14 三菱パワー株式会社 回転電機及びその診断方法
FR3119195B1 (fr) * 2021-01-28 2023-04-14 Safran Aircraft Engines Mesure des déformations dynamiques d’une aube mobile

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US11248489B2 (en) 2022-02-15
CN111386385A (zh) 2020-07-07
JP7116541B2 (ja) 2022-08-10
CN111386385B (zh) 2022-10-28
JP2019100238A (ja) 2019-06-24
KR102386283B1 (ko) 2022-04-14
DE112018005393T5 (de) 2020-06-25
US20200347747A1 (en) 2020-11-05

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