WO2019105625A1 - Centrale héliothermique fonctionnant avec du sel fondu - Google Patents

Centrale héliothermique fonctionnant avec du sel fondu Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019105625A1
WO2019105625A1 PCT/EP2018/074745 EP2018074745W WO2019105625A1 WO 2019105625 A1 WO2019105625 A1 WO 2019105625A1 EP 2018074745 W EP2018074745 W EP 2018074745W WO 2019105625 A1 WO2019105625 A1 WO 2019105625A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
thermal power
solar thermal
power plant
molten salt
line
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2018/074745
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Martin Eickhoff
Original Assignee
Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. filed Critical Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V.
Publication of WO2019105625A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019105625A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G6/00—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy
    • F03G6/06—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means
    • F03G6/065—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means having a Rankine cycle
    • F03G6/067—Binary cycle plants where the fluid from the solar collector heats the working fluid via a heat exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
    • F24S20/20—Solar heat collectors for receiving concentrated solar energy, e.g. receivers for solar power plants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S40/00—Safety or protection arrangements of solar heat collectors; Preventing malfunction of solar heat collectors
    • F24S40/80—Accommodating differential expansion of solar collector elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
    • F24S80/20—Working fluids specially adapted for solar heat collectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D20/0034—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using liquid heat storage material
    • F28D2020/0047—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using liquid heat storage material using molten salts or liquid metals
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a solar thermal power plant according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a heat transfer medium is heated by means of sunlight by the sunlight is reflected by reflectors on an absorber, which is traversed by the heat transfer medium.
  • a heat carrier serve, for example, a thermal oil or water / steam.
  • the thermal energy of the heat transfer medium is then either used immediately, for example, to generate electricity, or there is a short-term heat storage.
  • molten salt is particularly suitable because high operating temperatures can be achieved, which leads to very good process efficiencies.
  • liquid salts are a very inexpensive thermal storage medium.
  • molten salt is frozen in a conventional absorber tube and it is attempted to thaw it at a point due to heat input, the liquid salt enclosed by the solid salt generates immense pressure on the inner walls of the absorber tube and the absorber tube threatens to burst. Therefore, frozen absorber tubes must be gradually thawed from the still liquid side, which is very tedious and time consuming.
  • the salt melts used are often fossil or electrically heated to protect them from freezing. However, the additional heating is particularly in the long periods of bad weather or in winter energy consuming and thus expensive and leads to a deteriorated efficiency.
  • the feed and return lines to the solar field as well as the headers and the absorber pipes must be preheated, so that no plug formation can occur when the molten salt is pumped into the pipes.
  • the supply and return lines to the solar field are equipped with a heater so that they can be preheated.
  • the absorber pipes can be preheated, for example, solar. Since at high temperatures, the susceptibility to corrosion of the pipes rises sharply, the outlet header lines and the return lines are usually made of high quality stainless steel, resulting in high investment costs. Furthermore, in particular the return lines are provided with compensation bends to compensate for thermal expansion of the pipes.
  • the entire Pipeline system of molten power plants is self-contained, so that no molten salt despite increased pump pressure can leave the system.
  • the return lines are pressurized, they are made thick-walled, which leads to a further increase in the cost of materials.
  • the compensation bends which lead to an increase in the pipe length by about 30%, hinder beyond the drainage behavior of the molten salt and lead to an increase in pressure and heat loss.
  • the invention is defined by the features of claim 1.
  • the return line is designed as a non-pressurized line with a gradient in the direction of at least one storage tank.
  • the Rlick Press has a connection to the environment, so that a pressure equalization can take place. Since the return line is designed as a non-pressurized line, it can be configured as a thin-walled line. This has the additional advantage that can be largely dispensed with an additional heating of the return line, since when filling the solar thermal power plant in the morning, the thin-walled return line of hot molten salt can extract only minimal heat and thus it comes only to a thin layer freezing without grafting. Due to the gradient of the return line, the molten salt is also returned due to gravity. Pressure losses, as they occur in conventional Ausbergsheader- and return lines can not arise in the pressureless return line according to the invention. Thus, the energy consumption of the pump for the molten salt can also be reduced.
  • the return line according to the invention can form both the outlet header line, which collects the salt melt flowing from the absorber tubes, and the return line from the outlet header line to the storage tank.
  • the return line has a gutter or channel shape.
  • the line itself is open at the top, whereby the non-pressure configuration can be achieved in an advantageous manner.
  • the return line may be formed as a thin-walled stainless steel trough.
  • the gutter or channel shape also has the advantage that the cost of materials compared to a pipeline through the upwardly open configuration is further reduced.
  • the return line has a gradient of at least 0.2%.
  • the return line consists of several line sections, wherein adjacent ends of two line sections are arranged overlapping. This has the advantage that a thermal expansion of the return line can be compensated in an advantageous manner by the adjoining line sections can slide over each other in thermal expansion in a simple manner.
  • the first line section in the direction of incline to form the overlap above the following Line section is located. This ensures that the molten salt flowing through the line sections of the return line always enters the subsequent line sections.
  • the line sections are mounted on bearings, wherein the adjacent ends in the region of two line sections, the bearing of one of the line sections, preferably the bearing of the first line section in the direction of fall, as a floating bearing and the bearing of the other of the line sections is designed as a fixed bearing , In this way, the resulting due to thermal expansion relative movements of the line sections can be compensated in an advantageous manner.
  • each line section is preferably at least supported by a fixed bearing and a floating bearing to avoid further compensation.
  • the embodiment of the return line according to the invention of overlapping line sections has the particular advantage that further compensation means, such as compensating arches, can be dispensed with.
  • further compensation means such as compensating arches
  • the return line can be made significantly shorter than in the prior art, whereby the material installation costs and the heat losses can be kept low.
  • the return line according to the invention moreover, allows easy drainage of the molten salt during the evening emptying.
  • the line sections may for example have a length between 50 and 100 meters. Such a length has been found to be particularly advantageous.
  • the return line is surrounded by insulation.
  • the insulation may comprise, for example, a Hochtemperaturisoliermatte, which abuts the return line.
  • a Hochtemperaturisoliermatte which abuts the return line.
  • Such an insulating mat is for the Isolation of the high temperature during operation return line particularly advantageous.
  • the insulation may additionally or alternatively comprise a foam glass layer which surrounds the return line or the high-temperature mat.
  • the insulation forms a cover, thereby preventing access to the hot molten salt and at the same time reduces heat losses.
  • the cover may for example consist of a foam glass layer, which is adapted to the aperture of the channel.
  • the insulation may also have a rock wool layer surrounding the return line.
  • the insulation is surrounded by a protective layer, preferably an aluminum sheet.
  • the protective layer protects the insulation from environmental influences.
  • the insulation in the solar thermal power plant preferably consists initially of a Hochtemperaturisoliermatte, which is surrounded by a foam glass layer, which also forms the lid for the channel-shaped return line.
  • a foam glass layer Around the foam glass layer is a stone wool insulation arranged.
  • the rock wool insulation is in turn surrounded by a protective layer in the form of an aluminum sheet. Such insulation has been found to be particularly advantageous.
  • the at least one storage tank for the salt melt can be arranged, for example, underground. As a result, the height necessary for the formation of a slope is reduced, at least some of the reflector devices. It is also possible that a plurality of storage tanks are provided, wherein the return line into a first storage tank formed as a collection tank opens and the molten salt is conveyed via a conveying device in at least one second storage tank.
  • the first storage tank is preferably substantially smaller than the second storage tank.
  • the first storage tank may be located underground.
  • the second storage tank may be arranged above ground.
  • the conveyor may be, for example, a pump.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a solar thermal power plant according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic sectional view of an inventive
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic detail of two overlapping
  • FIG. 1 an inventive solar thermal power plant 1 is shown schematically.
  • the solar thermal power plant 1 has a plurality of solar radiation receivers 3, each with a reflector device 5 and an absorber tube 7. Each outlet pipe 9 is connected to the absorber pipe 7.
  • the solar thermal power plant is operated with a molten salt 6 as a heat transfer medium.
  • the molten salt flows through the solar radiation receiver 3 and is heated by means of the reflected from the reflector devices 5 to the absorber tubes 7 solar radiation.
  • the molten salt flows through the outlet pipes 9 in a return line 11.
  • the return line 11 is arranged as a non-pressure line with a slope in the direction of a storage tank 12 for the molten salt.
  • the storage tank 12 is preferably arranged underground.
  • a plurality of storage tanks may be provided, wherein a first, smaller storage tank in which the Return line 11 opens, is provided underground and a second, larger storage tank is arranged above ground.
  • the molten salt is pumped from the collection tank via a pump in the second storage tank.
  • the return line is designed as a non-pressure line with multiple line sections 13.
  • the return line 11 is supported by brackets 15.
  • the return line forms both the so-called outlet header lines, from which the molten salt 6 of the outlet pipes 9 flows, so that the molten salt 6 is collected, as well as the further return to the storage tank 12th
  • the return line 11 preferably has a channel shape and is surrounded by an insulation 17, as shown in Fig. 2.
  • the return line 11 consists for example of a stainless steel groove 11 a, which is provided on its underside with a Hochtemperaturisoliermatte 19.
  • a foam glass layer 21 is arranged around the Hochtemperaturisoliermatte 19 .
  • the foam glass layer 21 further forms a lid 21a which covers the upwardly open aperture of the stainless steel groove 11a.
  • a rock wool layer 23 is arranged around the foam glass layer 21 and the lid 21a.
  • the rock wool layer 23 is in turn surrounded by a protective layer 25, for example an aluminum sheet.
  • Such insulation 17 advantageously reduces the heat losses and also prevents environmental influences on the molten salt 6 flowing in the stainless steel trough 11a.
  • FIG. 3 two adjacent line sections 13 of the return line 11 according to the invention are shown schematically. It is shown in a direction of slope upper conduit section 13a and a lower direction in the direction of deflection line section 13b.
  • the adjacent ends of the line sections 13a, 13b are arranged overlapping each other.
  • the upper line section 13a in the direction of fall is above the lower line section 13b in the direction of the fall, so that molten salt 6 can advantageously flow into the lower line section 13b. Due to the overlapping arrangement, thermal expansion is advantageous compensated.
  • the lower line section 13b has in the region of the adjacent ends on a fixed bearing 29, which may also be formed by a holder 15.
  • a thermal expansion of the upper conduit section 13a is possible.
  • this preferably also at the end, not shown, on a movable bearing.
  • the line sections 13 may for example have a length between 50 and 80 meters.
  • the inventive design of the return line 11 also allows a thin-walled design, for example in the form of stainless steel trough 11a. This eliminates the need for additional heaters, since the thin-walled stainless steel trough would cause only a small heat removal of the molten salt at a morning filling the solar thermal power plant with molten salt, so that it does not come to a Pfpf bi Id.
  • the return line according to the invention thus allows not only the reduction of the cost of materials and thus the investment costs but also a reduction of the energy consumption in the filling of the solar thermal power plant, since the return lines 11 according to the invention need not be heated.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une centrale héliothermique (1) destinée à fonctionner avec un sel fondu (6) en tant que milieu caloporteur. La centrale héliothermique comprend plusieurs récepteurs de rayonnement solaire (3) qui comportent respectivement un dispositif réflecteur (5) et un tube absorbeur (7), par lequel le sel fondu (6) peut être acheminé. Elle comprend également au moins un réservoir de stockage (12) pour le sel fondu (6). Un conduit de retour (11) achemine le sel fondu (6) depuis les récepteurs de rayonnement solaire (3) vers le réservoir de stockage (12). Le conduit de retour (11) est réalisé sous la forme d'un conduit sans pression avec une pente en direction du ou des réservoirs de stockage (12).
PCT/EP2018/074745 2017-11-30 2018-09-13 Centrale héliothermique fonctionnant avec du sel fondu WO2019105625A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017221503.8 2017-11-30
DE102017221503.8A DE102017221503B4 (de) 2017-11-30 2017-11-30 Mit Salzschmelze betriebenes solarthermisches Kraftwerk

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2019105625A1 true WO2019105625A1 (fr) 2019-06-06

Family

ID=63708286

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2018/074745 WO2019105625A1 (fr) 2017-11-30 2018-09-13 Centrale héliothermique fonctionnant avec du sel fondu

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE102017221503B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2019105625A1 (fr)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2396078A1 (es) * 2012-10-23 2013-02-19 Universidad Politécnica de Madrid Dispositivo de captación de la radiación solar concentrada, con drenaje del fluido calorífero
WO2013034587A1 (fr) * 2011-09-06 2013-03-14 Basf Se Système de tuyauterie et procédé permettant de vidanger un système de tuyauterie
WO2014135567A2 (fr) * 2013-03-06 2014-09-12 Basf Se Système de canalisation et contenant de vidange servant à recevoir un liquide s'écoulant à travers un système de canalisation
EP3124892A1 (fr) * 2014-03-28 2017-02-01 Chiyoda Corporation Dispositif d'évacuation de milieu thermique et procédé d'évacuation de milieu thermique

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2835057A1 (de) * 1978-08-10 1980-02-14 Franz Kerner Sonnenkollektor
DE102013102561A1 (de) * 2013-03-13 2014-09-18 Erk Eckrohrkessel Gmbh Einrichtung zur Aufnahme eines Volumenstromes eines Mediums und Verfahren zur Realisierung eines Volumenstromes eines Mediums

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013034587A1 (fr) * 2011-09-06 2013-03-14 Basf Se Système de tuyauterie et procédé permettant de vidanger un système de tuyauterie
ES2396078A1 (es) * 2012-10-23 2013-02-19 Universidad Politécnica de Madrid Dispositivo de captación de la radiación solar concentrada, con drenaje del fluido calorífero
WO2014135567A2 (fr) * 2013-03-06 2014-09-12 Basf Se Système de canalisation et contenant de vidange servant à recevoir un liquide s'écoulant à travers un système de canalisation
EP3124892A1 (fr) * 2014-03-28 2017-02-01 Chiyoda Corporation Dispositif d'évacuation de milieu thermique et procédé d'évacuation de milieu thermique

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Publication number Publication date
DE102017221503A1 (de) 2019-06-06
DE102017221503B4 (de) 2019-07-11

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