WO2019105429A1 - 冷藏冷冻装置及其储物容器 - Google Patents

冷藏冷冻装置及其储物容器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019105429A1
WO2019105429A1 PCT/CN2018/118269 CN2018118269W WO2019105429A1 WO 2019105429 A1 WO2019105429 A1 WO 2019105429A1 CN 2018118269 W CN2018118269 W CN 2018118269W WO 2019105429 A1 WO2019105429 A1 WO 2019105429A1
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Prior art keywords
storage container
storage space
plate
fixing plate
storage
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PCT/CN2018/118269
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘浩泉
姜波
辛若武
刘昀曦
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青岛海尔股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2019105429A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019105429A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/32—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by electrical effects other than those provided for in group B01D61/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D11/00—Self-contained movable devices, e.g. domestic refrigerators
    • F25D11/02—Self-contained movable devices, e.g. domestic refrigerators with cooling compartments at different temperatures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D17/00—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces
    • F25D17/04—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D21/00—Defrosting; Preventing frosting; Removing condensed or defrost water
    • F25D21/04—Preventing the formation of frost or condensate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D25/00—Charging, supporting, and discharging the articles to be cooled
    • F25D25/02—Charging, supporting, and discharging the articles to be cooled by shelves

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of refrigeration and freezing, and in particular to a refrigerating and freezing device and a storage container thereof.
  • the modified atmosphere preservation technology generally refers to a technique for prolonging the storage life of a food by adjusting the gas atmosphere (gas composition ratio or gas pressure) of the enclosed space in which the storage is located, and the basic principle is: in a certain closed space.
  • a gas atmosphere different from the normal air component is obtained by various adjustment methods to suppress physiological and biochemical processes and microbial activities leading to spoilage of the stored matter (usually the foodstuff).
  • the modified atmosphere preservation will be specifically directed to a modified atmosphere preservation technique that adjusts the proportion of gas components.
  • normal air components include (by volume percent, hereinafter the same): about 78% nitrogen, about 21% oxygen, about 0.939% rare gas 0.031% carbon dioxide, and 0.03% other gases. And impurities (for example, ozone, nitrogen monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, water vapor, etc..
  • impurities for example, ozone, nitrogen monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, water vapor, etc.
  • a nitrogen-enriched gas refers to a gas having a nitrogen content exceeding the nitrogen content of the above-mentioned normal air, for example, the nitrogen content thereof may be 95% to 99% or even higher; and the nitrogen-rich oxygen is rich.
  • the fresh gas atmosphere refers to a gas atmosphere in which the nitrogen content exceeds the above-mentioned normal air nitrogen content and the oxygen content is lower than the oxygen content in the above-mentioned normal air.
  • modified atmosphere preservation technology dates back to 1821 when German biologists discovered that fruits and vegetables could reduce metabolism at low oxygen levels. But until now, due to the large size and high cost of nitrogen-making equipment traditionally used for gas-conditioning preservation, the technology is basically limited to use in various large-scale professional storage (the storage capacity is generally at least 30 tons). . It can be said that the appropriate gas regulation technology and corresponding equipment can economically reduce and quiet the air-conditioning system, making it suitable for home or individual users. It is a constant desire of technicians in the field of atmosphere preservation and preservation. A technical problem that can be successfully solved.
  • the present invention has been made in order to provide a refrigerating and freezing apparatus and a storage container thereof which overcome the above problems or at least partially solve the above problems.
  • Another object of the invention is to prevent moisture in the storage space from becoming wet and to form condensation.
  • the present invention provides a storage container for a refrigerating and freezing apparatus, comprising: a casing having a storage space defined therein, the surface of the casing being provided with a plurality of openings; and an electric de-energizing component formed in the casing An opening of the body is configured to consume oxygen inside the storage space by an electrolytic reaction; the moisture permeable assembly is formed at another opening of the casing, configured to allow water vapor inside the storage space to penetrate outside the storage space.
  • the electrical de-oxygen component comprises: an anode plate configured to electrolyze water vapor to generate hydrogen ions and oxygen; a cathode plate configured to react with hydrogen ions and oxygen to form water; and clamped between the cathode plate and the anode plate a proton exchange membrane configured to transport hydrogen ions from one side of the anode plate to one side of the cathode plate; wherein one side of the cathode plate facing away from the proton exchange membrane is exposed to the interior of the storage space, and one side of the anode plate facing away from the proton exchange membrane is exposed Outside the storage space.
  • the electric de-oxygen assembly further comprises: a fan disposed on a side of the anode plate facing away from the proton exchange membrane to blow water vapor outside the storage container toward the anode plate.
  • the moisture permeable assembly comprises: an upper fixing plate; a lower fixing plate; and a pervaporation film sandwiched between the upper fixing plate and the lower fixing plate.
  • the pervaporation membrane comprises: a hydrophilic layer and a hydrophobic layer, wherein the hydrophilic layer and the hydrophobic layer are combined to form a pervaporation film, wherein one side of the hydrophilic layer facing away from the hydrophobic layer is exposed inside the storage space, and the hydrophobic layer is facing away from the parent One side of the water layer is exposed to the outside of the storage space.
  • the hydrophilic layer is a polymer film containing a sulfonic acid functional group; the hydrophobic layer is a nonwoven fabric.
  • the edge of the upper fixing plate is provided with a plurality of buckles, and the edge of the lower fixing plate is matched with a plurality of protrusions, and the upper fixing plate and the lower fixing plate fix and hold the pervaporation film by the clamping.
  • the edge of the upper fixing plate is further provided with an outer edge for overlapping at the edge of the opening.
  • the upper fixing plate and the lower fixing plate each have a plurality of air holes for water vapor diffusion.
  • the present invention provides a refrigerating and freezing apparatus comprising: a casing in which a storage compartment of the refrigerating and freezing apparatus is formed; and the storage container, wherein the storage container is disposed inside the storage compartment.
  • the storage container is a drawer, and the electric deoxidizing component and the moisture permeable component are both disposed on the top surface of the casing.
  • the present invention provides a storage container for a refrigerating and freezing apparatus comprising: an electric deaeration module and a moisture permeable assembly.
  • the electric de-oxygen module is used to consume oxygen in the air in the storage space, thereby obtaining a gas atmosphere rich in nitrogen and oxygen in the space to facilitate food preservation.
  • the gas atmosphere reduces the oxygen content of the food (especially fruits and vegetables) by reducing the oxygen content in the storage space, while ensuring the basic respiration and preventing the food from performing anaerobic respiration, thereby achieving the purpose of long-term preservation of the food.
  • the electric de-oxidation component consumes a certain amount of moisture in the storage space while consuming oxygen in the storage space, resulting in an increasingly humid interior of the storage space.
  • the moisture permeable assembly can transport moisture in the air inside the storage space through the pervaporation membrane to the outside of the space by vaporization and permeation, so that the humidity in the storage space is always maintained within a suitable range, preventing condensation or dripping inside the space.
  • the electric deactivating oxygen component and the moisture permeable component can be used in combination, which is more conducive to the preservation of food.
  • the electrical de-oxygen assembly further includes a fan for blowing water vapor to the anode plate.
  • the reactant of the anode plate of the electric deoxidizing module in the present invention is water, and the anode plate needs to continuously replenish moisture so that the electrolysis reaction can be continued.
  • the electric de-energizing component When the electric de-energizing component is turned on, the battery supplies power to the cathode plate and the anode plate respectively, and at the same time, the fan is turned on, and the fan blows air to the anode plate, and simultaneously blows the water vapor in the air to the anode plate to provide a reaction to the anode plate. Things.
  • the storage compartment in the refrigerating and freezing apparatus Since the internal temperature of the refrigerating and freezing apparatus is generally low, the storage compartment in the refrigerating and freezing apparatus has a relatively humid gas atmosphere, and the air contains a large amount of water vapor. Therefore, the indoor air in the storage compartment can supply sufficient reactants to the anode plate without separately providing a water source or a water delivery device for the electric deaeration module.
  • Figure 1a is a schematic illustration of a storage container in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 1b is a schematic illustration of the surface of a cartridge in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of an electrical de-oxygenation assembly of a storage container in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a moisture permeable assembly of a storage container in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic internal view of a refrigerating and freezing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • an embodiment of the present invention first provides a storage container 100 for a refrigerating and freezing apparatus, comprising: a casing 110, an electric de-oxygen module 200, and a moisture permeable assembly 300.
  • a storage space is defined in the casing 110, and a surface of the casing 110 is provided with a plurality of openings.
  • the electric de-oxygen module 200 is formed at an opening of the casing 110 and configured to consume oxygen inside the storage space by an electrolytic reaction.
  • the moisture permeable assembly 300 is formed at an opening of the casing 110 and is configured to allow water vapor inside the storage space to penetrate outside the storage space.
  • At least two openings are provided on the surface of at least one of the casings 110 of the storage container.
  • the number of openings is two (300a, 200a), both of which are rectangular, and are disposed on the top surface of the casing 110.
  • One of the above two openings has a larger opening area for mounting the moisture permeable assembly 300, and the other has a smaller opening area for mounting the electric deaeration module 200.
  • the size of the electrical deaeration module 200 and the moisture permeable assembly 300 are adapted to the corresponding opening size such that the two components are capable of completely enclosing the corresponding opening, preventing gas exchange with the outside of the interior of the storage space.
  • the electric de-oxygen module 200 includes a battery, an anode plate 220, a cathode plate 230, and a proton exchange membrane 210 sandwiched between the cathode plate 230 and the anode plate 220.
  • One side of the cathode plate 230 facing away from the proton exchange membrane 210 is exposed inside the storage space, and one side of the anode plate 220 facing away from the proton exchange membrane 210 is exposed to the outside of the storage space. That is, the electric de-oxygen module 200 has at least three layers of structures, from the top to the bottom, the anode plate 220, the proton exchange membrane 210, and the cathode plate 230. Each layer structure is parallel to the plane of the opening, and each layer has the same size as the opening.
  • the cathode plate 230 and the anode plate 220 are carbon electrode plates or platinum electrode plates, and a carbon electrode having a platinum plating layer on the surface is generally used.
  • the edges of the anode plate 220 and the cathode plate 230 are each provided with a terminal, which is an anode plate terminal 221 and a cathode plate terminal 231, respectively, for connecting the anode and the cathode of the battery, respectively.
  • the battery supplies electrons to the cathode plate 230 while the anode plate 220 provides electrons to the battery anode.
  • the anode plate 220 is configured to electrolyze water vapor to produce protons and oxygen.
  • the proton exchange membrane 210 is configured to transport protons from one side of the anode plate 220 to the side of the cathode plate 230.
  • the cathode plate 230 is configured to react with oxygen to generate water.
  • the chemical reaction formulas of the anode plate and the cathode plate are respectively:
  • the anode of the battery is charged to the anode plate 220, and the side of the anode plate 220 electrolyzes water vapor outside the storage container 100 to generate hydrogen ions and oxygen, and the oxygen is discharged to the outside of the storage space, and the hydrogen ions enter the proton exchange membrane 210.
  • the cathode of the battery charges the cathode plate 230 to supply electrons to the cathode plate 230, and the hydrogen ions supplied from the proton exchange membrane 210 react with the oxygen inside the storage space to generate water, thereby consuming oxygen inside the storage space.
  • the proton exchange membrane 210 includes a proton conductive polymer, a porous membrane, and at least one active ingredient. At least one active ingredient is dispersed in the proton conductive polymer, and the proton conductive polymer is taken in and filled in the pores of the porous membrane.
  • the proton exchange membrane 210 functions to allow hydrogen ions to pass therethrough to transport the hydrogen ions generated by the reaction of the anode plate 220 to the cathode plate 230 for use by the cathode plate 230 for reaction.
  • the proton conducting polymer is polystyrenesulfonic acid (PSSA) or carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC).
  • the porous membrane is polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) or polyolefin film or polyperfluoroethylene propylene or glass fiber or ceramic fiber or polymer fiber;
  • the active ingredient is silica gel suitable for electroosmotic flow, The concentration of the dispersed silica gel does not exceed 5% of the mass of the proton conductive film.
  • the electric de-oxygen module 200 further includes: two elastic plates 240 disposed on the outer sides of the anode plate 220 and the cathode plate 230 for tightening the anode plate 220, the proton exchange membrane 210, and the cathode plate. 230.
  • the electric de-oxygen assembly 200 further includes a plurality of fastening screws.
  • the positions of the two elastic plates 240, the anode plate 220, the proton exchange membrane 210 and the cathode plate 230 near the edge are respectively provided with a plurality of screw holes 201, each fastening screw
  • the screw holes 201 in the same position of the plurality of components are sequentially passed through to fix and hold the multilayer components.
  • the two elastic plates 240 have a plurality of elastic protrusions 241 on the sides facing the cathode plate 230 and the anode plate 220, and the positions of the elastic protrusions 241 on the two elastic plates 240 correspond to each other, that is, each elastic protrusion
  • Each of the 241 can be coupled with an elastic projection 241 on the other plate to press the anode plate 220 and the cathode plate 230 together for further tightening the proton exchange membrane 210.
  • the middle portion of each of the elastic plates 240 is hollowed out or a plurality of air holes are uniformly formed to allow gas to pass therethrough.
  • the electrical de-oxygen assembly 200 can further include a diffusion layer, an activated carbon filter screen, and one or more gaskets 260.
  • the diffusion layer is located between the anode plate 220 and the proton exchange membrane 210 and between the cathode plate 230 and the proton exchange membrane 210.
  • the diffusion layer is made of a platinum-plated titanium mesh, which functions to facilitate conduction and allow water vapor to diffuse.
  • An activated carbon filter screen is disposed on the side of the anode facing away from the proton exchange membrane 210 for purifying the gas entering the anode plate 220.
  • At least one washer 260 may be located between the above-mentioned multilayer structures, and each of the washers 260 is an oblong thin ring having the same outer ring size as the cathode plate 230 and the anode plate 220. Each of the washers 260 is made of an elastic material to cushion the pressing force between adjacent layers.
  • the electric de-oxygen assembly 200 further includes a fan 250.
  • the fan 250 described above may be a micro axial fan 250.
  • the fan 250 is disposed on a side of the anode plate 220 facing away from the proton exchange membrane 210, and its rotating shaft is perpendicular to the anode plate 220 for blowing water vapor outside the storage container 100 toward the anode plate 220.
  • the reactant of the anode plate of the electric deoxidizing module 200 of the present embodiment is water vapor, and therefore, the anode plate needs to continuously replenish moisture so that the electrolysis reaction can be continued.
  • the battery supplies power to the cathode plate 230 and the anode plate 220, respectively, and the fan 250 is turned on.
  • the fan 250 blows air to the anode plate 220, the water vapor in the air is blown together to the anode plate 220.
  • the indoor air in the storage compartment can supply sufficient reactants to the anode plate 220 without separately providing a water source or water delivery device for the electrical de-oxygen assembly 200.
  • the multilayer structure of the cathode plate 230, the anode plate 220, and the proton exchange membrane 210 is integrated into a housing case to facilitate the overall installation or removal of the electric de-oxygen module 200.
  • the accommodating case described above may be completely embedded in the wall of the storage container 100 or partially embedded.
  • the above-mentioned housing box needs to have a plurality of air holes to facilitate gas circulation.
  • the moisture permeable assembly 300 includes an upper fixing plate 320, a lower fixing plate 330, and a pervaporation film 310 sandwiched between the upper fixing plate 320 and the lower fixing plate 330.
  • the pervaporation film 310 is a composite film, and the composite film refers to a process in which various materials are bonded together by paper, metal or other materials through lamination, extrusion, coextrusion, and the like.
  • the film of the multilayer structure is formed.
  • the composite film is a composite of a polymer film and a nonwoven fabric.
  • the polymer film forms a hydrophilic layer of the pervaporation film 310, and the nonwoven fabric forms a hydrophobic layer.
  • the polymer film contains a sulfonic acid functional group, and the sulfonic acid functional group has a hydrophilic property, so that water is easily dissolved in the hydrophilic layer and penetrates into the hydrophobic layer of the material before evaporation.
  • the non-woven fabric has good water repellency and is not easy to absorb moisture.
  • one side of the hydrophilic layer facing away from the hydrophobic layer is exposed inside the storage space, and one side of the hydrophobic layer facing away from the hydrophilic layer is exposed to the outside of the storage space. Therefore, moisture inside the storage space can be discharged from the pervaporation film 310 to the outside of the storage space.
  • the pervaporation membrane 310 can prevent the passage of other gases while permeable to water vapor, and prevent gas exchange inside and outside the storage space.
  • the upper fixing plate 320 and the lower fixing plate 330 are both rectangular and have the same size.
  • the edge of the upper fixing plate 320 is provided with a plurality of buckles 321 .
  • the edges of the lower fixing plate 330 are matched with a plurality of protrusions 331 .
  • the upper fixing plate 320 and the lower fixing plate 330 are fixedly clamped by the pervaporation film 310 .
  • the peripheral edge of the upper fixing plate 320 also has an outwardly extending outer edge 322 for overlapping the opening edge of the moisture permeable assembly 300.
  • the upper fixing plate 320 and the lower fixing plate 330 each have a plurality of air holes 301 for water vapor diffusion.
  • the plurality of air holes 301 are radially arranged at the center of the fixing plate, and the air holes 301 far from the center of the fixing plate have a larger hole diameter than the fixed one.
  • the air hole 301 in the center of the board. Further, the positions of each of the air holes 301 of the upper fixing plate 320 and the lower fixing plate 330 correspond to each other to facilitate the circulation of water vapor.
  • the storage container 100 of the present embodiment includes an electric deaeration module 200 and a moisture permeable assembly 300.
  • the electric de-oxygen module 200 is used to consume oxygen in the air in the storage space, thereby obtaining a gas atmosphere rich in nitrogen and oxygen in the space to facilitate food preservation.
  • the gas atmosphere reduces the oxygen content of the food (especially fruits and vegetables) by reducing the oxygen content in the storage space, while ensuring the basic respiration and preventing the food from performing anaerobic respiration, thereby achieving the purpose of long-term preservation of the food.
  • the electric de-oxygen module 200 generates a certain amount of moisture in the storage space while consuming oxygen in the storage space, resulting in an increasingly humid interior of the storage space.
  • the moisture permeable assembly can transport moisture in the air inside the storage space through the pervaporation membrane to the outside of the space by vaporization and permeation, so that the humidity in the storage space is always maintained within a suitable range, preventing condensation or dripping inside the space.
  • the electric deaeration module 200 and the moisture permeable assembly can be used in combination, which is more conducive to the preservation of food.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides a refrigerating and freezing device, comprising: a box body and the above storage container 100.
  • a storage compartment of the refrigerating and freezing device is formed inside the casing.
  • the storage container 100 is disposed inside the storage compartment.
  • the refrigerating and freezing device may be a refrigerator, and the storage compartment of the refrigerator includes: a refrigerating compartment and a freezing compartment.
  • the storage container 100 can be a drawer composed of a drawer body 111 and a drawer 112, both of which are disposed on the top surface of the drawer body 111, in other embodiments of the invention.
  • the electric deaeration module 200 and the moisture permeable assembly 300 may be disposed on the rear side of the drawer body 111.
  • the drawer is detachably disposed at the bottom of the refrigerating compartment of the refrigerator, and a plurality of pairs of ribs are disposed on both sides of the interior of the refrigerating compartment, wherein a pair of ribs at the bottom of the refrigerating compartment are used to define the mounting position of the drawer .

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Abstract

一种冷藏冷冻装置及其储物容器，其中储物容器（100）包括电解除氧组件（200）和透湿组件（300）。电解除氧组件（200）用于消耗储物空间（100）内空气中的氧气，从而在该空间内获得富氮贫氧以利于食物保鲜的气体氛围，以降低食物有氧呼吸的强度，从而达到食物长期保鲜的目的。电解除氧组件（200）在消耗储物空间（100）内氧气的同时，还在储物空间内产生一定的水分，导致储物空间（100）内部越来越潮湿。透湿组件（300）可以通过汽化渗透将储物空间（100）内部空气中的水分通过渗透汽化膜输送至空间外部，使得储物空间（100）内的湿度始终保持在合适范围内，防止空间内部产生凝露或滴水。电解除氧组件（200）和透湿组件（300）可以配合使用，更有利于食物的保存。

Description

冷藏冷冻装置及其储物容器 技术领域
本发明涉及冷藏冷冻领域，特别涉及一种冷藏冷冻装置及其储物容器。
背景技术
气调保鲜技术一般性地是指通过调节储存物所处封闭空间的气体氛围(气体成分比例或气体压力)的方式来来延长食品贮藏寿命的技术，其基本原理为：在一定的封闭空间内，通过各种调节方式得到不同于正常空气成分的气体氛围，以抑制导致储存物(通常为食材)腐败变质的生理生化过程及微生物的活动。特别地，在本申请中，所讨论的气调保鲜将专门针对于对气体成分比例进行调节的气调保鲜技术。
本领域技术人员均知晓，正常空气成分包括(按体积百分比计，下文同)：约78％的氮气，约21％的氧气，约0.939％的稀有气体0.031％的二氧化碳，以及0.03％的其他气体和杂质(例如，臭氧、一氧化氮、二氧化氮、水蒸气等。在气调保鲜领域，通常采用向封闭空间充入富氮气体来降低氧气含量的方式来获得富氮贫氧的保鲜气体氛围。这里，本领域技术人员均知晓，富氮气体是指氮气含量超过上述正常空气中氮气含量的气体，例如其中的氮气含量可为95％～99％，甚至更高；而富氮贫氧的保鲜气体氛围是指氮气含量超过上述正常空气中氮气含量、氧气含量低于上述正常空气中氧气含量的气体氛围。
气调保鲜技术的历史虽然可追溯到1821年德国生物学家发现水果蔬菜在低氧水平时能减少代谢作用开始。但直到目前为止，由于传统上用于气调保鲜的制氮设备体积庞大、成本高昂，导致该技术基本上还是局限于使用在各种大型的专业贮藏库上(储藏容量一般至少30吨以上)。可以说，采用何种适当的气体调节技术和相应装置才可能经济地将气调系统小型化、静音化，使其适用于家庭或个人用户，是气调保鲜领域技术人员一直渴望解决但始终未能成功解决的技术难题。
发明内容
鉴于上述问题，提出了本发明以便提供一种克服上述问题或者至少部分 地解决上述问题的冷藏冷冻装置及其储物容器。
本发明的一个目的是为了提供富氮贫氧以利于食物保鲜的气体氛围。
本发明的另一个目的是为了防止储物空间内空气潮湿，形成凝露。
一方面，本发明提供了一种用于冷藏冷冻装置的储物容器，包括：盒体，盒体内限定有储物空间，盒体的表面设置有多个开口；电解除氧组件，形成于盒体的一个开口处，配置成通过电解反应消耗储物空间内部的氧气；透湿组件，形成于盒体的另一个开口处，配置成允许储物空间内部的水蒸气向储物空间外部渗透。
可选地，电解除氧组件包括：阳极板，配置成电解水蒸气，产生氢离子和氧气；阴极板，配置成利用氢离子和氧气反应生成水；和夹持于阴极板和阳极板之间的质子交换膜，配置成将氢离子由阳极板一侧运输到阴极板一侧；其中阴极板背朝质子交换膜的一面暴露于储物空间内部，阳极板背朝质子交换膜的一面暴露于储物空间外部。
可选地，电解除氧组件还包括：风机，设置于阳极板背朝质子交换膜的一侧，以将储物容器外部的水蒸气朝向阳极板吹送。
可选地，透湿组件包括：上固定板；下固定板；和夹持于上固定板和下固定板之间的渗透汽化膜。
可选地，渗透汽化膜包括：亲水层和疏水层，亲水层和疏水层复合形成渗透汽化膜，其中亲水层背朝疏水层的一面暴露于储物空间内部，疏水层背朝亲水层的一面暴露于储物空间外部。
可选地，亲水层为含有磺酸官能团的聚合物膜；疏水层为无纺布。
可选地，上固定板的边缘设置有多个卡扣，下固定板的边缘配合设置有多个凸块，上固定板和下固定板通过卡接固定夹持渗透汽化膜。
可选地，上固定板的边缘还设置有用于搭接在开口边缘处的外沿。
可选地，上固定板和下固定板均开设多个用于水蒸气扩散的气孔。
另一方面，本发明还提供了一种冷藏冷冻装置，包括：箱体，其内部形成冷藏冷冻装置的储藏间室；和上述的储物容器，储物容器设置于储藏间室内部。
可选地，储物容器为抽屉，电解除氧组件以及透湿组件均设置于盒体的顶面上。
本发明提供了一种用于冷藏冷冻装置的储物容器，包括：电解除氧组件 和透湿组件。电解除氧组件用于消耗储物空间内空气中的氧气，从而在该空间内获得富氮贫氧以利于食物保鲜的气体氛围。该气体氛围通过降低储物空间内氧气的含量，降低食物(特别是果蔬)的有氧呼吸的强度，同时保证基础的呼吸作用，防止食物进行无氧呼吸，从而达到食物长期保鲜的目的。电解除氧组件在消耗储物空间内氧气的同时，还在储物空间内产生一定的水分，导致储物空间内部越来越潮湿。透湿组件可以通过汽化渗透将储物空间内部空气中的水分通过渗透汽化膜输送至空间外部，使得储物空间内的湿度始终保持在合适范围内，防止空间内部产生凝露或滴水。在本发明的冷藏冷冻装置中，电解除氧组件和透湿组件可以配合使用，更有利于食物的保存。
进一步地，电解除氧组件还包括风扇，用于向阳极板吹送水蒸气。本发明中的电解除氧组件阳极板的反应物为水，阳极板需要不断地补充水分，以使得电解反应能够持续进行。当电解除氧组件开启工作时，电池分别向阴极板和阳极板供电，同时风机开启，风机向阳极板吹送空气的同时，将空气中的水蒸气一同吹送至阳极板，以向阳极板提供反应物。由于冷藏冷冻装置内部温度一般较低，冷藏冷冻装置内的储藏间室具有比较潮湿的气体氛围，其空气中包含大量的水蒸气。因此，储藏间室内空气能够向阳极板提供足够的反应物，无需为电解除氧组件单独设置水源或输水装置。
根据下文结合附图对本发明具体实施例的详细描述，本领域技术人员将会更加明了本发明的上述以及其他目的、优点和特征。
附图说明
后文将参照附图以示例性而非限制性的方式详细描述本发明的一些具体实施例。附图中相同的附图标记标示了相同或类似的部件或部分。本领域技术人员应该理解，这些附图未必是按比例绘制的。附图中：
图1a是根据本发明一个实施例的储物容器的示意图；
图1b是根据本发明一个实施例的盒体的表面的示意图；
图2是根据本发明一个实施例的储物容器的电解除氧组件的示意图；
图3是根据本发明一个实施例的储物容器的透湿组件的示意图；
图4是根据本发明一个实施例的冷藏冷冻装置的内部示意图。
具体实施方式
如图1a和1b所示，本发明实施例首先提供了一种用于冷藏冷冻装置的 储物容器100，包括：盒体110、电解除氧组件200和透湿组件300。盒体110内限定有储物空间，盒体110的表面设置有多个开口。电解除氧组件200，形成于盒体110的一个开口处，配置成通过电解反应消耗储物空间内部的氧气。透湿组件300形成于盒体110的一个开口处，配置成允许储物空间内部的水蒸气向储物空间外部渗透。
在储藏容器的至少一个盒体110表面上设有至少两个开口。在本实施例中，开口的数量为两个(300a、200a)，均为矩形，而且均设置于盒体110的顶面上。上述两个开口中，其中一个开口面积较大，用于安装透湿组件300，另外一个开口面积较小，用于安装电解除氧组件200。电解除氧组件200和透湿组件300的大小和对应的开口大小相适配，以使得两个组件能够完全封闭对应的开口，防止储物空间内部与外界发生气体交换。
如图2所示，电解除氧组件200包括：电池、阳极板220、阴极板230和夹持于阴极板230和阳极板220之间的质子交换膜210。阴极板230背朝质子交换膜210的一面暴露于储物空间内部，阳极板220背朝质子交换膜210的一面暴露于储物空间外部。也就是说，电解除氧组件200具有至少3层结构，由上至下依次为阳极板220、质子交换膜210和阴极板230。每一层结构均与开口所在平面平行，且每一层面积的大小均与开口大小相同。
优选地，阴极板230和、阳极板220为碳电极板或铂电极板，一般使用表面有铂镀层的碳电极。阳极板220和阴极板230的边缘均设置有一个接线端，分别为阳极板接线端221和阴极板接线端231，用于分别连接电池的阳极和阴极。电池向阴极板230提供电子，同时阳极板220向电池阳极提供电子。阳极板220配置成电解水蒸气，产生质子和氧气。质子交换膜210配置成将质子由阳极板220一侧运输到阴极板230一侧。阴极板230配置成利用质子和氧气反应生成水。其中，阳极板和阴极板的化学反应式分别为：
阳极板：2H 2O→O 2+4H ++4e -
阴极板：O 2+4H ++4e -→2H 2O
具体的，电池的阳极向阳极板220充电，阳极板220一侧电解储物容器100外部的水蒸气，产生氢离子和氧气，氧气排出至储物空间外部，氢离子进入质子交换膜210内。电池的阴极向阴极板230充电，向阴极板230提供电子，阴极板230一侧利用质子交换膜210提供的氢离子和储物空间内部的氧气反应生成水，以此消耗储物空间内部的氧气。
质子交换膜210包括：质子导电聚合物、多孔膜以及至少一种活性成分。至少一种活性成分分散在质子导电聚合物中，且质子导电聚合物被吸入并填充在多孔膜的孔中。质子交换膜210的作用为供氢离子穿过，以将阳极板220反应生成的氢离子运输到阴极板230，供阴极板230反应使用。
优选地，质子导电聚合物为聚苯乙烯磺酸(PSSA)或羧甲基纤维素(CMC)。多孔膜为聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)或氟化乙烯丙烯(FEP)或聚烯烃薄膜或聚全氟乙丙烯或玻璃纤维或陶瓷纤维或聚合物纤维；活性成分为适用于电渗流动的硅胶，分散的硅胶浓度不超过质子导电膜质量的5％。
在本实施例中，上述电解除氧组件200还可以进一步包括：两块弹性板240，分别设置在阳极板220和阴极板230的外侧，用于加紧阳极板220、质子交换膜210和阴极板230。电解除氧组件200还包括多个紧固螺钉，两块弹性板240、阳极板220、质子交换膜210和阴极板230的靠近边缘的位置均设置有多个螺孔201，每个紧固螺钉依次贯穿上述多个部件相同位置的螺孔201，以实现多层部件的固定和夹持。两块弹性板240面向阴极板230和阳极板220的侧面上均具有多个弹性凸起241，且两块弹性板240上的弹性凸起241的位置相对应，也就是说每个弹性凸起241均能和另一块板上的一个弹性凸起241相配共同合挤压阳极板220、阴极板230，以用于进一步加紧质子交换膜210。每块弹性板240的中间部分镂空，或均匀开设多个气孔，以允许气体通过。
在一些可选的实施例中，电解除氧组件200还可以进一步地包括：扩散层、活性炭过滤筛和一个或多个垫圈260。扩散层位于阳极板220和质子交换膜210之间以及阴极板230和质子交换膜210之间，扩散层的材质为表面镀铂的钛网，其作用为便于导电以及允许水蒸气扩散。活性炭过滤筛设置于阳极背朝质子交换膜210的一侧，用于净化进入阳极板220的气体。至少一个垫圈260可以位于上述多层结构之间，每个垫圈260为矩圆形的薄圈，其外圈大小与阴极板230、阳极板220的大小相同。每个垫圈260由弹性材料制成，以缓冲相邻层之间的挤压力。
电解除氧组件200还包括：风机250。上述风机250可以为微型轴流风机250。风机250设置于阳极板220背朝质子交换膜210的一侧，其转轴与阳极板220垂直，用于将储物容器100外部的水蒸气朝向阳极板220吹送。在一些安装有。本实施例的电解除氧组件200阳极板的反应物为水蒸气，因 此，阳极板需要不断地补充水分，以使得电解反应能够持续进行。当电解除氧组件200开启工作时，电池分别向阴极板230和阳极板220供电，同时风机250开启，风机250向阳极板220吹送空气的同时，将空气中的水蒸气一同吹送至阳极板220，以向阳极板220提供反应物。由于冷藏冷冻装置内部温度一般较低，冷藏冷冻装置内的储藏间室具有比较潮湿的气体氛围，其空气中包含大量的水蒸气。因此，储藏间室内空气能够向阳极板220提供足够的反应物，无需为电解除氧组件200单独设置水源或输水装置。
在本实施例中，上述阴极板230、阳极板220和质子交换膜210等多层结构整合到一容纳盒内，以便于整体安装或拆卸电解除氧组件200。上述容纳盒可以完全嵌入储物容器100的盒壁内，也可以部分嵌入。上述容纳盒需开设多个气孔，以便于气体流通。
如图3所示，透湿组件300包括：上固定板320、下固定板330和夹持于上固定板320和下固定板330之间的渗透汽化膜310。在本实施例中，上述渗透汽化膜310为复合膜，复合膜是指由各种塑料与纸、金属或其他材料通过层合挤出贴面、共挤塑等工艺技术将基材结合在一起而形成的多层结构的膜。在本实施例中，上述复合膜是由聚合物膜和无纺布复合而成。聚合物膜形成渗透汽化膜310的亲水层，无纺布形成疏水层。聚合物膜内含有磺酸官能团，磺酸官能团具有亲水的特性，因此水容易溶解于亲水层，并在蒸发前渗透到材料的疏水层。而无纺布的拨水性佳，不容易吸附水分。在本实施例中，亲水层背朝疏水层的一面暴露于储物空间内部，疏水层背朝亲水层的一面暴露于储物空间外部。因此储物空间内部的水分并能够由渗透汽化膜310排出到储物空间外部。渗透汽化膜310能够实现在透过水汽的同时，阻碍其它气体透过，防止储物空间内外发生气体交换。
上固定板320、下固定板330均为矩形，且大小相同。上固定板320的边缘设置有多个卡扣321，下固定板330的边缘配合设置有多个凸块331，上固定板320和下固定板330通过卡接固定夹持渗透汽化膜310。上固定板320的四周边缘还具有向外延伸的外沿322，用于搭接在安装透湿组件300的开口边缘上。
上固定板320和下固定板330均开设多个用于水蒸气扩散的气孔301，上述多个气孔301以固定板的中心呈放射状排布，且远离固定板的中心的气孔301孔径大于靠近固定板中心的气孔301。而且上固定板320和下固定板 330的每个气孔301的位置相对应，以便于水蒸气的流通。
本实施例的储物容器100包括：电解除氧组件200和透湿组件300。电解除氧组件200用于消耗储物空间内空气中的氧气，从而在该空间内获得富氮贫氧以利于食物保鲜的气体氛围。该气体氛围通过降低储物空间内氧气的含量，降低食物(特别是果蔬)的有氧呼吸的强度，同时保证基础的呼吸作用，防止食物进行无氧呼吸，从而达到食物长期保鲜的目的。电解除氧组件200在消耗储物空间内氧气的同时，还在储物空间内产生一定的水分，导致储物空间内部越来越潮湿。透湿组件可以通过汽化渗透将储物空间内部空气中的水分通过渗透汽化膜输送至空间外部，使得储物空间内的湿度始终保持在合适范围内，防止空间内部产生凝露或滴水。在本发明的冷藏冷冻装置中，电解除氧组件200和透湿组件可以配合使用，更有利于食物的保存。
如图4所示，本发明实施例还提供了一种冷藏冷冻装置，包括：箱体和上述储物容器100。箱体内部形成冷藏冷冻装置的储藏间室。储物容器100设置于储藏间室内部。
在本实施例中，冷藏冷冻装置可以为冰箱，该冰箱的储藏间室包括：冷藏间室和冷冻间室。储物容器100可以为抽屉，该抽屉由抽屉本体111和抽拉部112组成，电解除氧组件200以及透湿组件300均设置于抽屉本体111的顶面上，在本发明另外一些实施例中，上述电解除氧组件200以及透湿组件300还可以设置于抽屉本体111的后侧面。该抽屉可拆卸地设置于冰箱的冷藏间室的底部，在冷藏间室内胆的内部两侧设置有多对凸肋，其中位于冷藏间室底部的一对凸肋用于限定抽屉的安装位置。
至此，本领域技术人员应认识到，虽然本文已详尽示出和描述了本发明的多个示例性实施例，但是，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的情况下，仍可根据本发明公开的内容直接确定或推导出符合本发明原理的许多其他变型或修改。因此，本发明的范围应被理解和认定为覆盖了所有这些其他变型或修改。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种用于冷藏冷冻装置的储物容器，包括：
    盒体，所述盒体内限定有储物空间，所述盒体的表面设置有多个开口；
    电解除氧组件，形成于所述盒体的一个开口处，配置成通过电解反应消耗所述储物空间内部的氧气；
    透湿组件，形成于所述盒体的另一个开口处，配置成允许所述储物空间内部的水蒸气向所述储物空间外部渗透。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的储物容器，其中所述电解除氧组件包括：
    阳极板，配置成电解水蒸气，产生氢离子和氧气；
    阴极板，配置成利用氢离子和氧气反应生成水；和
    夹持于所述阴极板和阳极板之间的质子交换膜，配置成将氢离子由所述阳极板一侧运输到所述阴极板一侧；其中
    所述阴极板背朝所述质子交换膜的一面暴露于所述储物空间内部，所述阳极板背朝所述质子交换膜的一面暴露于所述储物空间外部。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的储物容器，所述电解除氧组件还包括：
    风机，设置于所述阳极板背朝所述质子交换膜的一侧，以将所述储物容器外部的水蒸气朝向所述阳极板吹送。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的储物容器，其中所述透湿组件包括：
    上固定板；
    下固定板；和
    夹持于所述上固定板和下固定板之间的渗透汽化膜。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的储物容器，其中所述渗透汽化膜包括：
    亲水层和疏水层，所述亲水层和疏水层复合形成所述渗透汽化膜，其中
    所述亲水层背朝所述疏水层的一面暴露于所述储物空间内部，所述疏水层背朝所述亲水层的一面暴露于所述储物空间外部。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的储物容器，其中
    所述亲水层为含有磺酸官能团的聚合物膜；
    所述疏水层为无纺布。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的储物容器，其中，
    所述上固定板的边缘设置有多个卡扣，所述下固定板的边缘配合设置有多个凸块，所述上固定板和下固定板通过卡接固定夹持所述渗透汽化膜。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的储物容器，其中，
    所述上固定板的边缘还设置有用于搭接在所述开口边缘处的外沿。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的储物容器，其中
    所述上固定板和所述下固定板均开设多个用于水蒸气扩散的气孔。
  10. 一种冷藏冷冻装置，包括：
    箱体，其内部形成所述冷藏冷冻装置的储藏间室；和
    如权利要求1-9中任一项所述的储物容器，所述储物容器设置于所述储藏间室内部。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的冷藏冷冻装置，其中
    所述储物容器为抽屉，所述电解除氧组件以及透湿组件均设置于所述盒体的顶面上。
PCT/CN2018/118269 2017-11-30 2018-11-29 冷藏冷冻装置及其储物容器 WO2019105429A1 (zh)

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