WO2019091422A1 - 基于蒸汽冷凝吸附原理的空气净化器及具有其的空调设备 - Google Patents

基于蒸汽冷凝吸附原理的空气净化器及具有其的空调设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019091422A1
WO2019091422A1 PCT/CN2018/114536 CN2018114536W WO2019091422A1 WO 2019091422 A1 WO2019091422 A1 WO 2019091422A1 CN 2018114536 W CN2018114536 W CN 2018114536W WO 2019091422 A1 WO2019091422 A1 WO 2019091422A1
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Prior art keywords
air
air purifier
principle
temperature
heating
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PCT/CN2018/114536
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
曹连国
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曹连国
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Priority to CN201880003882.3A priority Critical patent/CN109952473A/zh
Priority to US16/649,242 priority patent/US20200263884A1/en
Publication of WO2019091422A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019091422A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
    • F24F8/10—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering
    • F24F8/117—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering using wet filtering
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/30—Arrangement or mounting of heat-exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
    • F24F3/12—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
    • F24F3/14—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
    • F24F8/10—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
    • F24F8/10—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering
    • F24F8/117—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering using wet filtering
    • F24F8/133—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering using wet filtering by direct contact with liquid, e.g. with sprayed liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/28—Arrangement or mounting of filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F6/00—Air-humidification, e.g. cooling by humidification
    • F24F2006/008—Air-humidifier with water reservoir
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
    • F24F2110/10—Temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
    • F24F2110/20—Humidity
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2221/00—Details or features not otherwise provided for
    • F24F2221/34—Heater, e.g. gas burner, electric air heater
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
    • F24F8/10—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering
    • F24F8/15—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering by chemical means
    • F24F8/158—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering by chemical means using active carbon
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of air purification, and particularly relates to an air purifier based on the principle of vapor condensation adsorption and an air conditioner having the same.
  • the human body is surrounded by the air all the time.
  • the quality of the air is vital to the comfort and health of the human body.
  • the air that can satisfy the three indicators of cleanliness, temperature and humidity is the most suitable for the human body.
  • Airborne pollutants cover solid-liquid three-phase substances; solid particulate pollutants include TSP, PM10, PM2.5, etc.; gaseous pollutants include sulfur dioxide, nitride, ozone, and ammonia. , formaldehyde, etc.; if these pollutants are not removed, it will seriously affect the health of the human body.
  • the humidity of steam in the air is divided into absolute humidity, saturated humidity and relative humidity.
  • Absolute humidity refers to the actual value of steam in a unit volume of air; saturated humidity refers to the limit value of steam that can be contained in a unit volume of air at a certain pressure and a certain temperature; relative humidity refers to absolute humidity.
  • the ratio of the steam content to the temperature saturation state is expressed as a percentage.
  • the saturated activated carbon is discarded and becomes a new pollutant, causing secondary pollution to the environment;
  • the prior art discloses an indoor pollution treatment purification technology (Patent No. ZL201610226248.9), which discloses seven steps of treatment purification, including convective air suction of the purified air after cooling, and then to be purified.
  • the particles in the air easily adhere to the condensed water vapor, and as the convective wind is discharged out of the room together, it can be seen that it must work under the premise that the indoor and outdoor air communicate with each other, and there are at least the following two defects: First, Because the indoor and outdoor air are connected, it is difficult to prevent the outdoor polluted air from merging with the indoor air, causing the indoor air to be re-contaminated and losing the meaning of purifying the indoor pollution. Second, due to the indoor and outdoor air communication, the indoor air humidity and temperature It is affected by outdoor air from time to time, making it difficult to effectively adjust the humidity and temperature of indoor air to an ideal value.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an air purifier based on the principle of vapor condensation adsorption and an air conditioner having the same, which replaces the prior art device for adsorbing air pollutants by activated carbon, which also has temperature regulation and humidity adjustment of air.
  • the function can be directly applied to places with human activities or other requirements for air cleanliness and temperature and humidity, such as home, office and car cab.
  • the present invention provides an air purifier based on the principle of vapor condensation adsorption, comprising an air blowing device, a humidifying device, a cooling device, and a heating device; wherein the humidifying device is configured to increase the content of steam in the air,
  • the cooling device is used to reduce the temperature of the air;
  • the humidifying device, the cooling device and the heating device are connected to form an air circulation passage.
  • the air to be purified flows in from the inlet of the air circulation passage, and the steam in the air meets at the cooling device.
  • the heating device is for heating the air such that the air discharged from the outlet of the air circulation passage satisfies a preset temperature threshold.
  • the humidifying device comprises a reservoir, a booster pump and an atomizing nozzle; wherein the accumulator is for storing liquid, and the boosting pump is for presetting the liquid in the accumulator
  • the pressure threshold flows to the atomizing nozzle; the atomizing nozzle is used to spray the liquid out in a mist;
  • the accumulator, the booster pump and the atomizing nozzle are sequentially connected by a pipe.
  • the humidifying device comprises a liquid storage container, an ultrasonic generator and an oscillating plate; wherein the oscillating plate is disposed in the liquid storage container, and the ultrasonic generator is configured to provide high frequency oscillation to the oscillating plate Frequency to atomize the liquid stored in the liquid storage container into steam.
  • the cooling device is a refrigerant evaporator in an air conditioning system.
  • the cooling device comprises a conduit through which cold air is passed.
  • the heating device is a heating wire.
  • the heating device is a refrigerant condenser in an air conditioning system.
  • the air purifier is further provided with a storage container for receiving droplets and/or solid particles formed by steam condensation, or the air purifier is further provided with droplets for forming condensation of steam and/or a sewage channel through which solid particles are discharged.
  • the liquid in the humidifying device is water, a saline solution, an alkaline aqueous solution or an acidic aqueous solution.
  • the humidifying device, the cooling device and the heating device are sequentially connected, the humidifying device is close to an inlet of the air circulation passage, and the heating device is close to an outlet of the air circulation passage.
  • the heating device, the humidifying device and the cooling device are sequentially connected, the heating device is close to an inlet of the air circulation passage, and the cooling device is close to an outlet of the air circulation passage.
  • the cooling device, the humidifying device and the heating device are sequentially connected, the cooling device is close to an inlet of the air circulation passage, and the heating device is close to an outlet of the air circulation passage.
  • the air cleaner further includes a controller and a temperature sensor electrically connected to the controller, the temperature sensor is configured to detect a temperature at an outlet of the air circulation passage, and the controller is configured according to the temperature The detection result of the sensor adjusts the heating temperature of the heating device.
  • the air purifier is further provided with a controller and a humidity sensor electrically connected to the controller, the humidity sensor is configured to detect the humidity at the humidifying device, and the controller is detected according to the humidity sensor As a result, the humidification of the humidifying device is adjusted.
  • a second heating device is further disposed in the air purifier, and the second heating device is disposed at the humidifying device for increasing the saturated humidity of the steam at the humidifying device.
  • the air cleaner further includes a controller and an air pollutant detecting device connected to the controller, the air pollutant detecting device is configured to detect a concentration of pollutants in the air, and the controller is configured according to the The detection result of the air pollutant detecting device adjusts the heating temperature of the second heating device, and/or closes the air cleaner.
  • the present invention provides an air conditioning apparatus comprising an air purifier based on a vapor condensation adsorption principle as described above, the air conditioning apparatus comprising an evaporator and at least two condensers, one condenser being disposed outdoors At least one condenser is disposed indoors and serves as a heating device of the air cleaner, the evaporator being disposed indoors and serving as a cooling device of the air cleaner.
  • a reversing valve is disposed in the air conditioning device, and the reversing valve controls the refrigerant in the air conditioning pipeline to circulate in one of the following ways:
  • the refrigerant does not flow through a condenser disposed indoors; or,
  • the refrigerant does not flow through a condenser disposed outdoors;
  • the refrigerant flows in proportion to a condenser disposed outside the room and a condenser disposed indoors.
  • the invention discloses an air purifier based on the principle of steam condensation adsorption, which realizes three functions of air purification, temperature and humidity adjustment by three steps of humidifying, cooling and heating air.
  • Humidification of air is to increase the content of steam in the air; cooling the air is the principle and process of using steam temperature to reduce condensation into small water droplets or solid particles, removing solid, liquid and gaseous pollutants from the air from the air to purify the air.
  • the purpose of heating air is to adjust the temperature and relative humidity of the air; finally, the three indicators of air cleanliness, temperature and humidity can be optimally achieved, and the purified air can be directly applied to human activities. Or other places where there are specific requirements for air cleanliness and temperature and humidity, such as home, office and car cab, have the following beneficial effects:
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an air purifier according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an air purifier according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an air purifier according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a temperature reducing device according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural view of a heating device according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an air conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
  • the reference numerals include: 1-humidification device, 11-reservoir, 12-boost pump, 13-atomizing nozzle, 2-cooling device, 21-refrigerant evaporator in air-conditioning system, 22-air conditioning system Refrigerant line, 23-air conditioning system, 24-contaminated air line, 25-natural cold air blasting unit, 26-cold air duct, 3-heating unit, 31-heating wire, cooling in 32-air conditioning system Agent condenser, 4-blast device.
  • the air purifier based on the principle of steam condensation adsorption according to the present invention needs three steps of air humidification, air cooling and air heating for air purification, temperature and humidity adjustment.
  • the preferred sequence of action is: humidifying the air - cooling the air - heating the air; however, it will be apparent that the three processes of humidifying the air, cooling the air, and heating the air are sequentially changed in the specific embodiment, It can still function to purify the air, adjust the humidity and temperature of the air, and is also within the scope of protection of the present invention.
  • the specific structure of the air purifier has the following embodiments:
  • the air purifier based on the vapor condensation adsorption principle includes a humidifying device 1, a cooling device 2, a heating device 3, and a blowing device 4; wherein the humidifying device 1 for increasing the content of steam in the air; the temperature reducing device 2 is for reducing the temperature of the air; the heating device 3 is for heating the air to increase the temperature of the air; the humidifying device 1, the cooling device 2 and The heating device 3 is integrated by the circulation of air. Specifically, the humidifying device 1, the cooling device 2 and the heating device 3 are sequentially connected to form an air circulation passage, and the inlet of the humidifying device 1 is an air circulation passage.
  • the inlet of the heating device 3 is an outlet of an air circulation passage, and under the action of the air blowing device 4, air to be purified flows in from the inlet of the air circulation passage, and steam in the air is at the cooling device 2 Condensation into droplets and/or solid particles and adsorption of contaminants in the air during condensation, droplets and/or solid particles formed by the condensation of the contaminants Removed from the air to be purified by gravity from the air to be purified, and the heating device 3 is used to heat the air so that the air discharged from the outlet of the air circulation passage satisfies a preset temperature threshold .
  • the steam may be water vapor, or may be steam of other liquid solutions, such as a saline solution, an alkaline aqueous solution or an acidic aqueous solution, wherein the brine solution can be adapted to a sub-zero temperature environment, and the alkaline aqueous solution can be Enhanced the ability to purify acid gases such as sulfur dioxide gas, which enhances the ability to purify alkaline gases such as ammonia.
  • acid gases such as sulfur dioxide gas
  • the humidifying device 1 includes a liquid storage device 11, a boosting pump 12, and an atomizing spray head 13.
  • the liquid accumulator 11 is used for storing water; Causing water in the accumulator to flow to the atomizing nozzle 13 at a preset pressure threshold; the atomizing nozzle 13 is configured to spray water from the booster pump into the air in a mist;
  • the accumulator 11, the booster pump 12, and the atomizing nozzle 13 are connected by a water pipe.
  • the temperature lowering device 2 is a refrigerant evaporator 21 in an air conditioning system
  • the heating device 3 is a heating wire 31.
  • a storage container for receiving droplets and/or solid particles formed by vapor condensation is provided in the air cleaner, preferably arranged to cool down.
  • the lower portion of the device 2 is arranged to facilitate cleaning of the waste liquid in the storage container after the user has concentrated for a period of time.
  • the air cleaner is provided with a drain passage for discharging droplets and/or solid particles formed by condensation of the steam, that is, a container that does not require the user to periodically clean the waste liquid.
  • a controller and a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor electrically connected to the controller are further disposed in the air cleaner, and the temperature sensor is configured to detect an exit of the air circulation passage.
  • the humidity sensor is for detecting the humidity at the humidifying device
  • the controller adjusts the heating temperature of the heating device according to the detection result of the temperature sensor, and adjusts the adding of the humidifying device according to the detection result of the humidity sensor humidity.
  • the air purifier is further provided with a heating device (not shown), wherein the second heating device is disposed at the humidifying device 1 for increasing the saturated humidity of the steam at the humidifying device 1, and the beneficial effects are as follows: steam at a high temperature
  • the saturation is high, and the air can accommodate more steam, that is, the steam is dense in a unit volume, so that the steam can condense more droplets or solid particles under the action of the cooling device 2, wrapping and adsorbing more pollutants. And eventually remove more pollutants from the air per unit time, improving purification efficiency.
  • the air purifier further includes an air pollutant detecting device connected to the controller, the air pollutant detecting device is configured to detect a concentration of pollutants in the air, specifically, The air pollutant detecting device may be disposed in the air purifier (detecting the concentration of the pollutant at the outlet of the air purifier), or may be disposed outside the air purifier (concentration of the pollutant in the detecting room), if the concentration of the pollutant If the detection result is not ideal (exceeding the concentration threshold), the controller increases the heating temperature of the second heating device, preferably simultaneously increases the humidification of the humidifying device 1 to increase the steam condensation efficiency; if the concentration of the pollutant The detection result is maintained at an ideal value for a period of time, and the controller turns off the air purifier, that is, cuts off the power supply of the humidifying device 1, the cooling device 2, and the heating device 3.
  • the power source is shown in the positive electrode in FIG. (+) and negative (-) symbols.
  • a particulate matter is shown in the positive electrode in
  • the working principle of the air purifier based on the steam condensation adsorption principle provided by the invention is as follows:
  • the blowing air can flow through the humidifying device 1, the cooling device 2 and the heating device 3; when the air humidity is low, the humidifying device is turned on to spray the water mist into the air to increase the content of water (water vapor) in the air, specifically including turning on the booster pump 12 to make the water in the accumulator 11 Flowing to the atomizing nozzle 13; the atomizing nozzle 13 sprays water from the booster pump 12 into the air in a mist; increasing the content of water in the air; and air and cooling means when the air flows through the cooling device 2.
  • the refrigerant evaporator 21 in the air conditioning system is lowered in temperature under the action of refrigerant evaporation, and the air flows through the surface of the refrigerant evaporator 21 in the air conditioning system, air and air conditioning
  • the refrigerant evaporator 21 in the system performs heat exchange, and the temperature of the air is lowered by the refrigerant evaporator 21 in the low temperature air conditioning system, when the temperature of the water vapor is lowered below the dew point temperature or solidification under the condition
  • the water vapor in the air begins to liquefy and/or solidify, gradually becoming fine droplets and/or ice particles floating in the air, and the collision of small water droplets with small water droplets and/or small ice particles further forms a larger Water droplets and / or ice particles, water droplets and / or ice particles continue to merge in the floating motion, so that water droplets and / or ice particles continue to increase, when the
  • the separation from the air can be removed from the air; on the other hand, when the water vapor in the air condenses into water droplets and/or ice particles, the sum of the surface areas will be very large due to the large number of small water droplets and/or ice particles; Large surface area can be fully absorbed Various pollutants in the air, thus further purifying the air, especially for water-soluble nitrides, sulfides and formaldehyde, which are dissolved in water and completely removed from the air after being coated or adsorbed by water droplets.
  • the removal of the humidifying device 1 and the cooling action of the cooling device 2 jointly complete the first step: the purification of the air; the moisture in the air is also reduced during the condensation of the water vapor and separation from the air, such that
  • the cooling effect of the cooling device 2 (the refrigerant evaporator 21 in the air conditioning system) completes the second step of adjusting the humidity of the air while completing the air purification: reducing the humidity of the air and avoiding the humidification process to make the humidity of the air too large.
  • the heating device 3 is turned on (the heating wire is turned on) 31 power supply), the heating wire 31 starts to generate heat under the action of current, and is heated when the air flows through the heating wire 31, and the temperature rises until the temperature rises to the person The body feels the appropriate temperature or a specific required temperature; after the air temperature rises, the saturated humidity value of the air is accompanied by an increase, and the absolute humidity of the air is kept constant during the process, so that the relative humidity of the air varies with the temperature of the air.
  • the elevation is reduced until the air reaches the relative humidity of the appropriate human body or a specific required relative humidity, completing the third step of adjusting the humidity of the air: relative humidity adjustment; purifying the contaminated air through the above several steps
  • the triple function of treatment, temperature and humidity adjustment, the contaminated air purified by the air purifier based on the steam condensation adsorption principle can simultaneously meet the requirements of the human body for air cleanliness, humidity and temperature.
  • the order of connection of the humidifying device 1, the cooling device 2, and the heating device 3 is changed: as shown in FIG. 2, the cooling device 2 and the humidifying device 1 and the heating device 3 are sequentially connected, the cooling device 2 is close to the inlet of the air circulation passage (that is, the inlet of the cooling device 2 is the inlet of the air circulation passage, and is preferably connected to the air blowing device 4)
  • the heating device 3 approaches the outlet of the air circulation passage (i.e., the outlet of the heating device 3 is the outlet of the air circulation passage).
  • the order of connection of the humidifying device 1, the cooling device 2, and the heating device 3 is changed: as shown in FIG. 3, the heating device is 3.
  • the humidifying device 1 and the cooling device 2 are sequentially connected, and the heating device 3 is close to the inlet of the air circulation passage (that is, the inlet of the heating device 3 is the inlet of the air circulation passage, and preferably with the air blowing device 4 Connected), the cooling device 2 is close to the outlet of the air circulation passage (ie, the outlet of the cooling device 2 is the outlet of the air circulation passage).
  • Both the embodiment 2 and the embodiment 3 are adjusted based on the sequential connection sequence of the humidifying device 1, the cooling device 2, and the heating device 3 according to the first embodiment, but the principle of purifying the air is the same as that of the first embodiment.
  • the humidifying device 1 includes a liquid storage container, an ultrasonic generator, and an oscillating plate; wherein the oscillating plate is placed in the liquid storage container, and the ultrasonic generator is used for A high frequency oscillation frequency is supplied to the oscillating plate to atomize the liquid stored in the liquid storage container into steam.
  • the temperature reducing device 2 is a cold air duct 26 through which natural cold air is passed.
  • the natural cold air blowing device 25 is used to blow the natural The cold air enters the natural cold air duct 26, which is made of a material that conducts heat well, and contaminated air when the polluted air flows along the contaminated air line 24 to contact the outer surface of the natural cold air duct 26.
  • the heat exchange of the natural cooling air is indirectly indirectly through the outer wall of the low-temperature natural cold air duct 26, thereby realizing the cooling effect of the cooling device 2.
  • the heating device 3 is a refrigerant condenser 32 in an air conditioning system, and a refrigerant condenser in the air conditioning system 32 is connected to the refrigerant evaporator 21 in the air conditioning system through the refrigerant line 22 of the air conditioning system.
  • the refrigerant condenser 32 is different from the usual use case, that is, the above refrigerant condenser 32 placed indoors or in a space to be cleaned by air.
  • the compressor When the air conditioning system is in operation, the compressor sucks in the low-temperature low-pressure gaseous refrigerant from the refrigerant evaporator 21 in the air-conditioning system, and compresses the refrigerant, so that the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant are increased due to work being done. In a high temperature state, the refrigerant is then sent to the refrigerant condenser 32 in the air conditioning system. Due to the heat exchange, the surface temperature of the refrigerant condenser 32 in the air conditioning system is heated by the high temperature refrigerant, and is cooled by the cooling device 2.
  • the air flows through the surface of the refrigerant condenser 32 in the air conditioning system, it is heated by the refrigerant condenser 32 in the air conditioning system, thereby achieving the heating effect of the heating device 3; at the same time, the temperature of the refrigerant itself is lowered and liquefied, becoming liquid.
  • the advantage of this embodiment is that the refrigerant needs to dissipate the heat to cool down, and the heat dissipated by the refrigerant is used to heat the air, thereby effectively utilizing the waste heat and saving energy; at the same time, the low temperature air is more favorable for the heat dissipation of the refrigerant and lowering.
  • the energy consumption of the air conditioner compressor further saves energy; especially when the temperature reducing device 2 is the refrigerant evaporator 21 in the air conditioning system, the energy saving effect is particularly remarkable.
  • the deformable embodiment of the humidifying device 1, the cooling device 2 and the heating device 3 in this embodiment may be partially or completely introduced into the first embodiment, the second embodiment or the third embodiment to replace the original embodiment.
  • the embodiment of the humidifying device 1, the cooling device 2 and the heating device 3, a simple combination of the new embodiments should also fall within the scope of protection claimed in the present invention.
  • a novel air conditioner incorporating the above air purifier function is provided, which differs from the prior art air conditioner in that it includes two or more condensers, at least A condenser is installed indoors for heating as the air cleaner, and the evaporator of the new air conditioner is still installed indoors for use as a cooling device for the air cleaner.
  • the new air conditioner In the pure cooling mode, under the action of the control device, the refrigerant does not flow through the condenser disposed in the room, and the condenser disposed in the room does not function.
  • the new air conditioner according to the prior art
  • the working process of the air conditioner is to cool the indoor air.
  • the advantage of this working mode is that when the cleanliness of the indoor air reaches the threshold value, the new air conditioner turns off the air purifying function, which is conducive to saving energy;
  • the refrigerant When operating in the pure air purification mode, under the action of the control device, the refrigerant does not flow through the condenser disposed outside, the refrigerant releases heat only in the condenser disposed indoors, and heats the gas to be purified while releasing heat.
  • the air acts as a heating device in the air purifier; at the same time, the refrigerant evaporates and absorbs heat when flowing to the evaporator disposed in the room, and reduces the temperature of the air to be purified flowing through the evaporator, thereby The function of the cooling device in the air purifier.
  • the advantage of this working mode is that when the new air conditioner starts the air purifying function, the heat of the indoor air to be purified absorbed is theoretically equal to the heat released to the indoor air to be purified, generally does not affect the temperature of the indoor air, and avoids air purification.
  • the function When the function is enabled, it affects the temperature of the indoor air, avoiding the need to add additional equipment and consume extra power to eliminate this effect, which is conducive to saving equipment cost and energy saving.
  • the position at which the refrigerant releases heat is proportionally distributed by the control device to the outdoor condenser and the indoor condenser, respectively corresponding to releasing heat outdoors and releasing heat in the room, and releasing it outdoors.
  • the heat is the heat of the transferred indoor air to the outside.
  • the indoor air has a cooling effect, which plays the cooling role of the traditional air conditioner.
  • the heat released by the refrigerant in the room heats the air to be purified flowing through the indoor condenser.
  • the function of the heating device in the air cleaner is reached.
  • the advantage of this mode of operation is that the influence of the new air conditioner on the indoor air temperature when the air purifying function is turned on is influenced by the control device in a favorable direction, and the most simplified equipment and the lowest energy consumption are realized.
  • the refrigerant flows to the outdoor condenser or the indoor condenser or is distributed to the outdoor condenser and the indoor condenser in a preset ratio, and the flow direction control can be realized by the reversing valve (not shown).
  • the valve is a common commutating device in the air conditioner, and will not be described here.

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Abstract

一种基于蒸汽冷凝吸附原理的空气净化器及具有其的空调设备，净化器包括鼓风装置（4）、加湿装置（1）、降温装置（2）和加热装置（3），加湿装置（1）、降温装置（2）和加热装置（3）连通成空气流通通道，在鼓风装置（4）的作用下，待净化的空气从空气流通通道的入口流入，空气中的蒸汽在降温装置（2）处遇冷凝结为液滴和/或固体颗粒并在冷凝过程中吸附空气中的污染物，污染物随着蒸汽凝结后形成的液滴和/或固体颗粒在重力作用下从待净化的空气中分离，加热装置（3）用于加热空气，以使从空气流通通道的出口排出的空气满足预设的温度阈值。

Description

基于蒸汽冷凝吸附原理的空气净化器及具有其的空调设备 技术领域
本发明属于空气净化领域，尤其涉及一种基于蒸汽冷凝吸附原理的空气净化器及具有其的空调设备。
背景技术
人体无时无刻不处在空气的包围中，空气的质量对人体的舒适度和健康至关重要，能够同时满足洁净度、温度和湿度三个指标的空气才是最适宜人体的。
洁净度指空气受污染的程度，空气中的污染物涵盖了固液气三相物质；固体颗粒物污染物有TSP、PM10、PM2.5等；气体污染物有二氧化硫、氮化物、臭氧、氨气、甲醛等；这些污染物如果不去除，将严重影响人体的健康。
蒸汽在空气中的湿度分为绝对湿度、饱和湿度和相对湿度。绝对湿度是指单位体积的空气中含有蒸汽重量的实际数值；饱和湿度是指在一定的气压和一定的温度的条件下、单位体积的空气中能够含有蒸汽的极限数值；相对湿度是指绝对湿度与该温度饱和状态下蒸汽含量之比用百分数表达。实验表明，水蒸汽的相对湿度为50％～60％时人体感觉最为舒适，也不容易引起疾病。空气中水蒸汽的湿度过大或过小，都对人体健康不利。
空气受到污染时，目前家庭使用的净化空气的方法主要是用活性炭吸附污染物；其吸附原理是活性炭的多孔结构提供了大量的表面积，从而使其具有吸收收集杂质的能力；而此方法有许多缺点，总结如下：
1.活性炭吸附能力有限，吸附饱和后便失去净化空气的能力，需要更换活性炭才能继续净化空气；
2.饱和后的活性炭被丢弃后又成为新的污染物，对环境造成二次污染；
3.不能对空气进行湿度调节；
4.不能对空气进行温度调节。
另一方面，现有技术中公开了一种室内污染治理净化技术(专利号ZL201610226248.9)，公开了治理净化的七个步骤，其中包括降温后对待净化空气进行对流风吹吸，则待净化空气中的颗粒物很容易附着于冷凝的水蒸汽上，随着对流风一起排出室外，可以看出，其必须在室内室外空气相通的前提下才能工作，则存在至少以下两方面缺陷：第一、由于室内室外的空气相通，难以防止室外的污染空气与室内的空气融合，造成室内空气重新被污染，失去治理净化室内污染的意义；第二、由于室内室外的空气相通，室内空气的湿度和温度时时受到室外空气的影响，造成室内空气的湿度和温度难以有效调节至理想值。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种基于蒸汽冷凝吸附原理的空气净化器及具有其的空调设备，取代现有技术中以活性炭吸附空气污染物的设备，它同时还具有对空气进行温度调节和湿度调节的功能，能够适合直接应用于有人体活动的或其他对空气的洁净度以及温度、湿度有特定要求的场所，比如家庭、办公室和汽车驾驶室内等。
为达到上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案为：
一方面，本发明提供了一种基于蒸汽冷凝吸附原理的空气净化器，包括鼓风装置、加湿装置、降温装置和加热装置；其中，所述加湿装置用于增加空气中蒸汽的含量，所述降温装置用于降低空气的温度；
所述加湿装置、降温装置和加热装置连通形成一个空气流通通道，在所述鼓风装置的作用下，待净化的空气从所述空气流通通道的入口流入，空气中的蒸汽在降温装置处遇冷凝结并吸附空气中的污染物，所述污染物随着蒸汽凝结形成的液滴和/或固体颗粒在重力作用下从待净化的空气中滴落而被从待净化的空气中去除，所述加热装置用于加热空气，以使从所述空气流通通道的出口排出的空气满足预设的温度阈值。
优选地，所述加湿装置包括储液器、增压泵和雾化喷头；其中，所述储液器用于储存液体，所述增压泵用于使所述储液器中的液体以预设的压力阈值流向所述雾化喷头；所述雾化喷头用于使液体以雾状喷射出来；
所述储液器、增压泵与雾化喷头通过管道顺序连接。
可选地，所述加湿装置包括储液容器、超声波发生器和震荡片；其中，所述震荡片置于所述储液容器内，所述超声波发生器用于向所述震荡片提供高频震荡频率，以将存储在所述储液容器中的液体雾化成蒸汽。
可选地，所述降温装置为空调系统中的制冷剂蒸发器。
可选地，所述降温装置包括通有冷空气的管道。
可选地，所述加热装置为电热丝。
可选地，所述加热装置为空调系统中的制冷剂冷凝器。
进一步地，所述空气净化器内还设有用于承接蒸汽凝结形成的液滴和/或固体颗粒的收纳容器，或者，所述空气净化器还设有用于将蒸汽凝结形成的液滴和/或固体颗粒排出的排污通道。
进一步地，所述加湿装置中的液体为水、盐水溶液、碱性水溶液或者酸性水溶液。
优选地，所述加湿装置、降温装置和加热装置顺序连接，所述加湿装置接近所述空气流通通道的入口，所述加热装置接近所述空气流通通道的出口。
可选地，所述加热装置、加湿装置和降温装置顺序连接，所述加热装置接近所述空气流通通道的入口，所述降温装置接近所述空气流通通道的出口。
可选地，所述降温装置、加湿装置和加热装置顺序连接，所述降温装置接近所述空气流通通道的入口，所述加热装置接近所述空气流通通道的出口。
进一步地，所述空气净化器内还设有控制器和与所述控制器电连接的温度传感器，所述温度传感器用于检测所述空气流通通道的出口处的温度，所述控制器根据温度传感器的检测结果调节所述加热装置的加热温度。
进一步地，所述空气净化器内还设有控制器和与所述控制器电连接的湿度传感器，所述湿度传感器用于检测所述加湿装置处的湿度，所述控制器根据湿度传感器的检测结果调节所述加湿装置的加湿度。
进一步地，所述空气净化器内还设有第二加热装置，所述第二加热装置设置在所述加湿装置处，用于提高所述加湿装置处蒸汽的饱和湿度。
进一步地，所述空气净化器还包括控制器和与所述控制器连接的空气污染物检测装置，所述空气污染物检测装置用于检测空气中的污染物浓度，所述控制器根据所述空气污染物检测装置的检测结果调节所述第二加热装置的加热温度，和 /或关闭所述空气净化器。
另一方面，本发明提供了一种空调设备，包括如上所述的一种基于蒸汽冷凝吸附原理的空气净化器，所述空调设备包括蒸发器和至少两个冷凝器，一个冷凝器设置在室外，至少一个冷凝器设置在室内且作为所述空气净化器的加热装置，所述蒸发器设置在室内且作为所述空气净化器的降温装置。
进一步地，所述空调设备内设有换向阀，所述换向阀控制空调管路中的制冷剂按以下方式之一进行流通：
纯制冷模式下，所述制冷剂不流经设置在室内的冷凝器；或者，
纯空气净化模式下，所述制冷剂不流经设置在室外的冷凝器；或者，
制冷兼空气净化模式下，所述制冷剂按比例流经设置在室外的冷凝器和设置在室内的冷凝器。
本发明公开了一种基于蒸汽冷凝吸附原理的空气净化器，通过对空气加湿、降温和加热三个步骤，实现空气的净化、温度和湿度调节三重功能。对空气加湿是增加空气中蒸汽的含量；对空气降温是运用蒸汽温度降低凝结为小水滴或固体颗粒的原理和过程，将空气中的固态、液态、气态污染物从空气中去除，达到净化空气的目的；对空气加热是调节空气的温度和相对湿度；最终实现使空气的洁净度、温度和湿度三个指标都能达到最优状态的目的，净化后的空气能够直接应用于有人体活动的或其他对空气的洁净度以及温度、湿度有特定要求的场所，比如家庭、办公室和汽车驾驶室内等，具有如下有益效果：
1.与现有技术相比设计新颖，使用维护方便，使用成本低廉，无二次污染；
2.对空气的净化效果得到极大提升；
3.对受污染空气净化的同时，还具有调节空气的温度和湿度的功能。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例1提供的空气净化器的结构示意图；
图2是本发明实施例2提供的空气净化器的结构示意图；
图3是本发明实施例3提供的空气净化器的结构示意图；
图4是本发明实施例4提供的降温装置的结构示意图；
图5是本发明实施例4提供的加热装置的结构示意图；
图6是本发明实施例5提供的空调设备的结构示意图；
图1至6中的箭头方向为空气流动方向。
其中，附图标记包括：1-加湿装置，11-储液器，12-增压泵，13-雾化喷头，2-降温装置，21-空调系统中的制冷剂蒸发器，22-空调系统的制冷剂管路，23-空调系统，24-污染空气管路，25-自然冷空气鼓风装置，26-冷空气管道，3-加热装置，31-电热丝，32-空调系统中的制冷剂冷凝器，4-鼓风装置。
具体实施方式
下面将对本发明实施方法和实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明所述的一种基于蒸汽冷凝吸附原理的空气净化器，对空气进行净化、温度和湿度调节时需要对空气加湿、对空气降温和对空气加热三道工序，对此三道工序的一种优选方案的作用次序是：对空气加湿-对空气降温-对空气加热；然而显而易见的是所述对空气加湿、对空气降温和对空气加热的三道工序在具体实施例中次序变更后，仍然可以起到净化空气、对空气进行湿度和温度调节的作用，也均属于本发明保护的范围。所述空气净化器的具体结构存在以下几种实施例：
实施例1
在本发明的一个实施例中，如图1所示，所述基于蒸汽冷凝吸附原理的空气净化器包括加湿装置1、降温装置2、加热装置3和鼓风装置4；其中，所述加湿装置1用于增加空气中蒸汽的含量；所述降温装置2用于降低空气的温度；所述加热装置3用于加热空气，从而提高空气的温度；所述加湿装置1、所述降温装置2和所述加热装置3通过空气的流通联系成为一个整体，具体为：所述加湿装置1、降温装置2和加热装置3顺序连通形成一个空气流通通道，所述加湿装置1的入口为空气流通通道的入口，所述加热装置3的出口为空气流通通道的出口，在所述鼓风装置4的作用下，待净化的空气从所述空气流通通道的入口流入，空气中的蒸汽在降温装置2处遇冷凝结为液滴和/或固体颗粒并在凝结的过程中吸附空气中的污染物，所述污染物随着蒸汽凝结形成的液滴和/或固体颗粒在重力作 用下从待净化的空气中滴落而从待净化的空气中去除，所述加热装置3用于加热空气，以使从所述空气流通通道的出口排出的空气满足预设的温度阈值。
在本发明的实施例中，所述蒸汽可以为水蒸汽，也可以为其他液体溶液的蒸汽，比如盐水溶液、碱性水溶液或者酸性水溶液，其中，盐水溶液可以适应零下温度环境，碱性水溶液可以增强对酸性气体(比如二氧化硫气体)的净化能力，酸性水溶液可以增强对碱性气体(比如氨气)的净化能力。以下以水/水蒸汽为例进行说明：
在本发明实施例中，所述加湿装置1包括储液器11、增压泵12和雾化喷头13，参见图1，所述储液器11用于储存水；所述增压泵12用于使所述储液器中的水以预设的压力阈值流向所述雾化喷头13；所述雾化喷头13用于使来自所述增压泵的水以雾状喷到空气中；所述储液器11、所述增压泵12和所述雾化喷头13用水管连接。
优选地，所述降温装置2为空调系统中的制冷剂蒸发器21，所述加热装置3为电热丝31。
为了便于收集凝结有污染物的液滴和/或固体颗粒，优选地，在所述空气净化器内还设有用于承接蒸汽凝结形成的液滴和/或固体颗粒的收纳容器，优选设置在降温装置2处的下部，以便于用户集中一段时间后对收纳容器中的废液进行清理。或者，所述空气净化器还设有用于将蒸汽凝结形成的液滴和/或固体颗粒排出的排污通道，即无需用户定时清理收纳废液的容器。
为了实现温度控制和湿度控制，所述空气净化器内还设有控制器和与所述控制器电连接的温度传感器、湿度传感器，所述温度传感器用于检测所述空气流通通道的出口处的温度，所述湿度传感器用于检测所述加湿装置处的湿度，所述控制器根据温度传感器的检测结果调节所述加热装置的加热温度，并根据湿度传感器的检测结果调节所述加湿装置的加湿度。
基于温度越高，水蒸汽饱和度越高的原理，即温度越高，越多的水溶液能蒸发形成水蒸汽，因此，作为一种优选的实施方案是：所述空气净化器内还设有第二加热装置(未图示)，所述第二加热装置设置在所述加湿装置1处，用于提高所述加湿装置1处蒸汽的饱和湿度，这样带来的有益效果如下：蒸汽在高温下的饱和度高，空气中可以容纳的蒸汽更多，即单位体积内蒸汽密集，使得蒸汽在降 温装置2的作用下能够凝结出更多的液滴或固体颗粒，包裹和吸附更多的污染物，并最终在单位时间内将更多的污染物从空气中去除，提高净化效率。
即使有小部分的污染物没有随水蒸汽形成液滴而排出空气净化器，回到室内过一段时间后，会再此被鼓风装置吸入空气净化器，实现循环净化。
进一步地，作为优选的实施方案，所述空气净化器还包括与所述控制器连接的空气污染物检测装置，所述空气污染物检测装置用于检测空气中的污染物浓度，具体地，所述空气污染物检测装置可以设置在空气净化器内(检测空气净化器出口处的污染物浓度)，也可以设置在所述空气净化器外(检测室内的污染物浓度)，若污染物浓度的检测结果不理想(超过浓度阈值)，则所述控制器调高所述第二加热装置的加热温度，优选同时调大加湿装置1的加湿度，增大蒸汽凝结效率；若所述污染物浓度的检测结果在一段时间内均保持一个理想值，则所述控制器关闭所述空气净化器，即切断所述加湿装置1、降温装置2和加热装置3的电源，电源参见图1中的正极(+)和负极(-)符号。优选地，可以采用颗粒物浓度检测装置来检测空气中的污染物浓度。
本发明提供的基于蒸汽冷凝吸附原理的空气净化器的工作原理如下：
当空气中含有雾霾、氮化物、硫化物以及甲醛等污染物需要净化时，在自然风力的带动下或者开启鼓风装置4，吹动空气可以流经加湿装置1、降温装置2和加热装置3；当空气湿度较低时，便开启加湿装置喷洒水雾到空气中，增加空气中水份(水蒸汽)的含量，具体包括开启增压泵12，使所述储液器11中的水流向所述雾化喷头13；雾化喷头13使来自所述增压泵12的水以雾状喷到空气中；增加了空气中水的含量；空气流经降温装置2时，空气与降温装置2会进行热交换，具体为启动空调系统23，空调系统中的制冷剂蒸发器21在制冷剂蒸发作用下温度降低，空气流经空调系统中的制冷剂蒸发器21的表面时，空气与空调系统中的制冷剂蒸发器21会进行热交换，空气的温度被低温的空调系统中的制冷剂蒸发器21降低，当水蒸汽的温度被降低到低于该条件下的露点温度或凝固温度时，空气中的水蒸汽开始液化和/或凝固，逐渐变为细小的水滴和/或冰粒浮在空气中，小水滴与小水滴和/或与小冰粒的互相碰撞进一步形成较大的水滴和/或冰粒，水滴和/或冰粒在漂浮运动中继续合并，使水滴和/或冰粒不断增大，当水滴和/或冰粒增大到其重力可以克服空气的托力时，便会下降，从空气中滴落；在 空气被降温装置2(空调系统中的制冷剂蒸发器21)降温，空气中的水蒸汽因降温而凝结为水滴和/或冰粒时，空气中的微小固体颗粒污染物恰好可以起到凝结核的作用，既加速了水蒸汽的凝结，也使微小固体颗粒污染物被包裹到水滴和/或冰粒中，随着水滴和/或冰粒与空气的分离得以从空气中去除；另一方面，空气中的水蒸汽凝结为水滴和/或冰粒时，由于小水滴和/或冰粒数量庞大，其表面积之和也将非常巨大；如此大的表面积可以充分吸附空气中的各类污染物，从而起到进一步净化空气的作用，尤其对于可溶于水的氮化物、硫化物和甲醛等污染物，一经被水滴包裹或吸附后便会溶解于水中彻底从空气中去除；加湿装置1的加湿作用和降温装置2的降温作用，共同完成了第一步：空气的净化作用；空气中的水份也在水蒸汽凝结并从空气中分离的过程中降低，这样降温装置2(空调系统中的制冷剂蒸发器21)的降温作用在完成对空气净化的同时，也完成了对空气湿度调节的第二步：降低空气湿度，避免加湿过程使空气的湿度过大，引起人体不适感或达不到特定的湿度要求；空气流经降温装置2被降温后，温度如果低于人体感觉适宜的温度或某特定要求的温度，便开启加热装置3(接通电热丝31的电源)，电热丝31在电流的作用下开始发热，当空气流经电热丝31时被加热，温度升高，直至温度升高至人体感觉适宜的温度或某一特定要求的温度；空气温度升高后，空气的饱和湿度值伴随着升高，而空气的绝对湿度在此过程中保持恒定，这样空气的相对湿度随空气温度的升高被降低，直至空气达到适宜人体的相对湿度或某一特定要求的相对湿度，完成了对空气湿度调节的第三步：相对湿度调节；通过以上几个步骤实现了对受污染空气的净化处理、温度和湿度调节的三重功能，经所述一种基于蒸汽凝结吸附原理的空气净化器净化后的受污染空气，能够同时满足人体对空气洁净度、湿度和温度的要求。
实施例2
与实施例1不同的是，在本发明实施例中，所述加湿装置1、降温装置2、加热装置3的先后连接顺序发生了变化：如图2所示，所述降温装置2、加湿装置1和加热装置3顺序连接，所述降温装置2接近所述空气流通通道的入口(即所述降温装置2的入口为所述空气流通通道的入口，并优选与鼓风装置4连接)，所述加热装置3接近所述空气流通通道的出口(即所述加热装置3的出口为所述空气流通通道的出口)。
实施例3
与实施例1和实施例2不同的是，在本发明实施例中，所述加湿装置1、降温装置2、加热装置3的先后连接顺序发生了变化：如图3所示，所述加热装置3、加湿装置1、降温装置2顺序连接，所述加热装置3接近所述空气流通通道的入口(即所述加热装置3的入口为所述空气流通通道的入口，并优选与鼓风装置4连接)，所述降温装置2接近所述空气流通通道的出口(即所述降温装置2的出口为所述空气流通通道的出口)。
实施例2和实施例3均基于实施例1在加湿装置1、降温装置2、加热装置3的先后连接顺序方面作出了调整，但是其实现净化空气的原理是与实施例1相同的。
实施例4
在本发明的另一个可选实施例中，所述加湿装置1包括储液容器、超声波发生器和震荡片；其中，所述震荡片置于所述储液容器内，所述超声波发生器用于向所述震荡片提供高频震荡频率，以将存储在所述储液容器中的液体雾化成蒸汽。
在本实施例中，还提供了降温装置2的另一种可实施方案，如图4所示，所述降温装置2为通有自然冷空气的冷空气管道26。
当自然冷空气较易获取而受污染空气温度较高时，比如在冬季室外的空气温度普遍较低，而受污染空气为室内空气，温度较高；用自然冷空气鼓风装置25吹动自然冷空气进入自然冷空气管道26，所述自然冷空气管道26由导热较好的材料制成，当污染空气沿污染空气管路24流通到与自然冷空气管道26外表面接触时，受污染空气通过低温的自然冷空气管道26外壁间接与自然冷空气产生热交换，从而实现了降温装置2的降温作用。
在本实施例中，还提供了加热装置3的另一种可实施方案，参见图5，所述加热装置3为空调系统中的制冷剂冷凝器32，所述空调系统中的制冷剂冷凝器32与所述空调系统中的制冷剂蒸发器21之间通过空调系统的制冷剂管路22连接，需要说明的是，所述制冷剂冷凝器32与通常使用情况不同，即将上述制冷剂冷凝器32放置在室内或待空气净化的空间内。空调系统在工作时，压缩机会吸入从空调系统中的制冷剂蒸发器21出来的低温低压的气态制冷剂，并对制冷 剂进行压缩，从而制冷剂的温度和压力因被做功而升高变为高温状态，之后制冷剂被送入空调系统中制冷剂冷凝器32内，因热交换作用，空调系统中的制冷剂冷凝器32的表面温度被高温的制冷剂加热升高，被降温装置2降温的空气在流经空调系统中的制冷剂冷凝器32表面时，被空调系统中的制冷剂冷凝器32加热，实现了加热装置3的加热作用；同时制冷剂自身温度被降低而液化，变成液体。该实施例的优点是利用制冷剂需要散发热量降温的特性，用制冷剂散发的热量来加热空气，对废热进行有效利用，节约了能源；同时，低温的空气更有利于制冷剂的散热，降低了空调压缩机的能耗，进一步节约了能源；尤其当所述降温装置2为空调系统中的制冷剂蒸发器21时，节能效果尤为明显。
可以理解的是，本实施例中的加湿装置1、降温装置2和加热装置3的可变形实施例可以部分或全部地引入实施例1、实施例2或实施例3，以替换原实施例中的加湿装置1、降温装置2和加热装置3的实施方式，简单组合得到的新实施例应当同样落入本发明要求的保护范围之中。
实施例5
在本发明的一个实施例中，提供了一种结合了上述空气净化器功能的新式空调，与现有技术中的空调相比，不同之处在于包括两个或更多个冷凝器，至少有一个冷凝器安装在室内用于作为所述空气净化器的加热装置，所述新式空调的蒸发器仍旧设置在室内，用于作为所述空气净化器的降温装置。
工作原理如下：
在控制装置的控制下，分为三种工作模式：纯制冷模式、纯空气净化模式和制冷并空气净化混合模式。
在纯制冷模式下时，在控制装置的作用下，制冷剂不流经设置在室内的冷凝器，设置在室内的冷凝器不起作用，在此工作模式下，所述新式空调按照现有技术中的空调的工作过程对室内空气制冷。此工作模式的优点是，当室内空气的洁净度达到阀值要求时，所述新式空调关闭空气净化功能，有利于节约能源；
在纯空气净化模式下工作时，在控制装置的作用下，制冷剂不流经设置在室外的冷凝器，制冷剂仅在设置在室内的冷凝器内释放热量，在释放热量的同时加热待净化空气，起到所述空气净化器中加热装置的作用；同时，制冷剂在流动到设置在室内的蒸发器时蒸发并吸收热量，降低流经所述蒸发器的待净化空气的温 度，起到所述空气净化器中降温装置的作用。此工作模式的优点是，所述新式空调在启动空气净化功能时，吸收的室内待净化空气的热量理论上等于释放给室内待净化空气的热量，总体上不影响室内空气的温度，避免空气净化功能启用时影响到室内空气的温度，避免了为消除这种影响再添置额外的设备和消耗额外的功率的情况，有利于节约设备成本和节能。
在制冷兼空气净化混合模式下工作时，制冷剂释放热量的位置由控制装置按比例将制冷剂分配到室外冷凝器和室内冷凝器，分别对应在室外释放热量和室内释放热量，在室外释放的热量，是转移的室内空气的热量到了室外，总体上会对室内空气有降温作用，起到传统空调的制冷作用，制冷剂在室内释放的热量加热了流经室内冷凝器的待净化空气，起到了所述空气净化器中的加热装置的作用。此种工作模式的优点是，利用所述新式空调在开启空气净化功能时对室内空气温度的影响，在控制装置的作用下向有利的方向影响，以最简化的设备和最低的能耗实现对室内空气的净化和温度调节的双重功能。
在本空调设备的实施例中，制冷剂流向室外冷凝器或室内冷凝器或按预设的比例分配到室外冷凝器和室内冷凝器，可通过换向阀(未图示)实现流向控制，换向阀乃空调设备中的常用换向器件，在此不再赘述。
虽然说明书中对本发明的实施方法和方式进行了说明，但这些实施方式只是作为提示，不应限定本发明的保护范围。凡是利用本发明说明书和附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其它相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种基于蒸汽冷凝吸附原理的空气净化器，其特征在于，包括鼓风装置、加湿装置、降温装置和加热装置；其中，所述加湿装置用于增加空气中蒸汽的含量，所述降温装置用于降低空气的温度；
    所述加湿装置、降温装置和加热装置连通形成空气流通通道，在所述鼓风装置的作用下，待净化的空气从所述空气流通通道的入口流入，空气中的蒸汽在降温装置处遇冷凝结并在冷凝过程中吸附空气中的污染物，所述污染物随着蒸汽凝结形成的液滴和/或固体颗粒在重力作用下从待净化的空气中滴落而被从待净化的空气中去除，所述加热装置用于加热空气，以使从所述空气流通通道的出口排出的空气满足预设的温度阈值。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种基于蒸汽冷凝吸附原理的空气净化器，其特征在于，所述加湿装置包括储液器、增压泵和雾化喷头；其中，所述储液器用于储存液体，所述增压泵用于使所述储液器中的液体以预设的压力阈值流向所述雾化喷头；所述雾化喷头用于使液体以雾状喷射出来；
    所述储液器、增压泵与雾化喷头通过管道顺序连接。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种基于蒸汽冷凝吸附原理的空气净化器，其特征在于，所述加湿装置包括储液容器、超声波发生器和震荡片；其中，所述震荡片置于所述储液容器内，所述超声波发生器用于向所述震荡片提供高频震荡频率，以将存储在所述储液容器中的液体雾化成蒸汽。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种基于蒸汽冷凝吸附原理的空气净化器，其特征在于，所述降温装置为空调系统中的制冷剂蒸发器。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种基于蒸汽冷凝吸附原理的空气净化器，其特征 在于，所述降温装置包括通有冷空气的管道。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种基于蒸汽冷凝吸附原理的空气净化器，其特征在于，所述加热装置为电热丝。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种基于蒸汽冷凝吸附原理的空气净化器，其特征在于，所述加热装置为空调系统中的制冷剂冷凝器。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种基于蒸汽冷凝吸附原理的空气净化器，其特征在于，所述空气净化器内还设有用于承接蒸汽凝结形成的液滴和/或固体颗粒的收纳容器，或者，所述空气净化器还设有用于将蒸汽凝结形成的液滴和/或固体颗粒排出的排污通道。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的一种基于蒸汽冷凝吸附原理的空气净化器，其特征在于，所述加湿装置中的液体为水、盐水溶液、碱性水溶液或者酸性水溶液。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9中任意一项所述的一种基于蒸汽冷凝吸附原理的空气净化器，其特征在于，所述加湿装置、降温装置和加热装置顺序连接，所述加湿装置接近所述空气流通通道的入口，所述加热装置接近所述空气流通通道的出口。
  11. 根据权利要求1-9中任意一项所述的一种基于蒸汽冷凝吸附原理的空气净化器，其特征在于，所述加热装置、加湿装置和降温装置顺序连接，所述加热装置接近所述空气流通通道的入口，所述降温装置接近所述空气流通通道的出口。
  12. 根据权利要求1-9中任意一项所述的一种基于蒸汽冷凝吸附原理的空气净化器，其特征在于，所述降温装置、加湿装置和加热装置顺序连接，所述降温装置接近所述空气流通通道的入口，所述加热装置接近所述空气流通通道的出 口。
  13. 根据权利要求1中所述的一种基于蒸汽冷凝吸附原理的空气净化器，其特征在于，所述空气净化器内还设有控制器和与所述控制器电连接的温度传感器，所述温度传感器用于检测所述空气流通通道的出口处的温度，所述控制器根据温度传感器的检测结果调节所述加热装置的加热温度。
  14. 根据权利要求1中所述的一种基于蒸汽冷凝吸附原理的空气净化器，其特征在于，所述空气净化器内还设有控制器和与所述控制器电连接的湿度传感器，所述湿度传感器用于检测所述加湿装置处的湿度，所述控制器根据湿度传感器的检测结果调节所述加湿装置的加湿度。
  15. 根据权利要求10中所述的一种基于蒸汽冷凝吸附原理的空气净化器，其特征在于，所述空气净化器内还设有第二加热装置，所述第二加热装置设置在所述加湿装置处，用于提高所述加湿装置处蒸汽的饱和湿度。
  16. 根据权利要求15中所述的一种基于蒸汽冷凝吸附原理的空气净化器，其特征在于，所述空气净化器还包括控制器和与所述控制器连接的空气污染物检测装置，所述空气污染物检测装置用于检测空气中的污染物浓度，所述控制器根据所述空气污染物检测装置的检测结果调节所述第二加热装置的加热温度，和/或关闭所述空气净化器。
  17. 一种空调设备，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1所述的一种基于蒸汽冷凝吸附原理的空气净化器，所述空调设备包括蒸发器和至少两个冷凝器，一个冷凝器设置在室外，至少一个冷凝器设置在室内且作为所述空气净化器的加热装置，所述蒸发器设置在室内且作为所述空气净化器的降温装置。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的空调设备，其特征在于，所述空调设备内设有换向阀，所述换向阀控制空调管路中的制冷剂按以下方式之一进行流通：
    纯制冷模式下，所述制冷剂不流经设置在室内的冷凝器；或者，
    纯空气净化模式下，所述制冷剂不流经设置在室外的冷凝器；或者，
    制冷兼空气净化模式下，所述制冷剂按比例流经设置在室外的冷凝器和设置在室内的冷凝器。
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