WO2019085885A1 - 成型鼓、轮胎成型机以及轮胎成型机的轮胎成型方法 - Google Patents

成型鼓、轮胎成型机以及轮胎成型机的轮胎成型方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019085885A1
WO2019085885A1 PCT/CN2018/112607 CN2018112607W WO2019085885A1 WO 2019085885 A1 WO2019085885 A1 WO 2019085885A1 CN 2018112607 W CN2018112607 W CN 2018112607W WO 2019085885 A1 WO2019085885 A1 WO 2019085885A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
drum
assembly
carcass
tread
forming
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/112607
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李志军
Original Assignee
萨驰华辰机械(苏州)有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201711042990.5A external-priority patent/CN107584786A/zh
Priority claimed from CN201711481152.8A external-priority patent/CN108215261B/zh
Application filed by 萨驰华辰机械(苏州)有限公司 filed Critical 萨驰华辰机械(苏州)有限公司
Priority to KR1020207013254A priority Critical patent/KR102263087B1/ko
Publication of WO2019085885A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019085885A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D30/00—Producing pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
    • B29D30/06—Pneumatic tyres or parts thereof (e.g. produced by casting, moulding, compression moulding, injection moulding, centrifugal casting)
    • B29D30/08—Building tyres
    • B29D30/20—Building tyres by the flat-tyre method, i.e. building on cylindrical drums
    • B29D30/24—Drums
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D30/00—Producing pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
    • B29D30/06—Pneumatic tyres or parts thereof (e.g. produced by casting, moulding, compression moulding, injection moulding, centrifugal casting)
    • B29D30/08—Building tyres
    • B29D30/20—Building tyres by the flat-tyre method, i.e. building on cylindrical drums
    • B29D30/24—Drums
    • B29D30/244—Drums for manufacturing substantially cylindrical tyre components with cores or beads, e.g. carcasses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D30/00—Producing pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
    • B29D30/06—Pneumatic tyres or parts thereof (e.g. produced by casting, moulding, compression moulding, injection moulding, centrifugal casting)
    • B29D30/08—Building tyres
    • B29D30/20—Building tyres by the flat-tyre method, i.e. building on cylindrical drums
    • B29D30/24—Drums
    • B29D30/26—Accessories or details, e.g. membranes, transfer rings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D30/00—Producing pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
    • B29D30/06—Pneumatic tyres or parts thereof (e.g. produced by casting, moulding, compression moulding, injection moulding, centrifugal casting)
    • B29D30/08—Building tyres
    • B29D30/20—Building tyres by the flat-tyre method, i.e. building on cylindrical drums
    • B29D30/28—Rolling-down or pressing-down the layers in the building process
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D30/00—Producing pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
    • B29D30/06—Pneumatic tyres or parts thereof (e.g. produced by casting, moulding, compression moulding, injection moulding, centrifugal casting)
    • B29D30/08—Building tyres
    • B29D30/20—Building tyres by the flat-tyre method, i.e. building on cylindrical drums
    • B29D30/32—Fitting the bead-rings or bead-cores; Folding the textile layers around the rings or cores
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D30/00—Producing pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
    • B29D30/06—Pneumatic tyres or parts thereof (e.g. produced by casting, moulding, compression moulding, injection moulding, centrifugal casting)
    • B29D30/08—Building tyres
    • B29D30/34—Building tyres by jointly covering two bead-rings, located parallel to each other at a distance apart, with fabric or cord layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D30/00—Producing pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
    • B29D30/06—Pneumatic tyres or parts thereof (e.g. produced by casting, moulding, compression moulding, injection moulding, centrifugal casting)
    • B29D30/36—Expansion of tyres in a flat form, i.e. expansion to a toroidal shape independently of their building-up process, e.g. of tyres built by the flat-tyres method or by jointly covering two bead-rings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D30/00—Producing pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
    • B29D30/06—Pneumatic tyres or parts thereof (e.g. produced by casting, moulding, compression moulding, injection moulding, centrifugal casting)
    • B29D30/48—Bead-rings or bead-cores; Treatment thereof prior to building the tyre
    • B29D30/50—Covering, e.g. by winding, the separate bead-rings or bead-cores with textile material, e.g. with flipper strips
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C9/00—Reinforcements or ply arrangement of pneumatic tyres
    • B60C9/02—Carcasses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D30/00—Producing pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
    • B29D30/06—Pneumatic tyres or parts thereof (e.g. produced by casting, moulding, compression moulding, injection moulding, centrifugal casting)
    • B29D30/08—Building tyres
    • B29D30/20—Building tyres by the flat-tyre method, i.e. building on cylindrical drums
    • B29D2030/206—A plurality of building drums being mounted on a fixture or supporting device, e.g. turret or turntable
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D30/00—Producing pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
    • B29D30/06—Pneumatic tyres or parts thereof (e.g. produced by casting, moulding, compression moulding, injection moulding, centrifugal casting)
    • B29D30/08—Building tyres
    • B29D30/20—Building tyres by the flat-tyre method, i.e. building on cylindrical drums
    • B29D2030/207—Building tyres by the flat-tyre method, i.e. building on cylindrical drums the drum supporting device being rotatable around a horizontal axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D30/00—Producing pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
    • B29D30/06—Pneumatic tyres or parts thereof (e.g. produced by casting, moulding, compression moulding, injection moulding, centrifugal casting)
    • B29D30/08—Building tyres
    • B29D30/20—Building tyres by the flat-tyre method, i.e. building on cylindrical drums
    • B29D30/24—Drums
    • B29D2030/241—Auxiliary drums used for temporary storage of the layers before application to the building drums

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the technical field of tire molding, for example, to a tire forming method of a forming drum, a tire building machine, and a tire building machine.
  • the two-form forming process is to form the carcass assembly through the carcass drum, to form the tread assembly through the tread drum, and then transfer the tread assembly and the carcass assembly to the shaping drum to realize the tire forming action. . Since the carcass drum cannot perform the sizing step on the carcass assembly, but the sizing step is completed by the sizing drum, the carcass assembly needs to be manually or mechanically assisted from the carcass during the transition from the carcass drum to the styling drum. The removal of the carcass assembly on the drum moves to the shaping drum, so that the bead of the carcass assembly is moved from the carcass drum to the shaping drum for secondary positioning, thereby causing displacement deviation of the bead and affecting the accuracy of the embryo making. Causes the quality of the tire to be affected.
  • the one-shot forming process is that the tread assembly realizes the sticking type on the tread drum, the carcass assembly realizes the sticking type on the forming drum, and then transfers the tread assembly to the forming drum to realize the tire forming action, since the tire is formed once The tire bead does not move, so there is less manual intervention and high precision control during the tire making process; however, this molding process cannot satisfy the production of the tire with wide sidewall.
  • the tires on the wide side are arranged in the secondary molding process equipment, but the precision of the two-time forming equipment is not as high as that of the one-time forming equipment, thereby affecting the quality of the tire.
  • the present disclosure provides a tire molding method of a tire building machine which can simultaneously have a molded carcass assembly and a molding and fixing function for the carcass assembly, and a tire molding machine which can mold the tire sidewall at one time and ensure the molding precision.
  • the present disclosure provides a forming drum including a drum shaft, two side drums symmetrically disposed on the drum shaft, and a middle drum between the two side drums.
  • the middle drum includes two half drums that are fitted to each other and can be axially embedded, and each of the half drums has a radially changeable diameter, and the side drum and the two of the half drums are adjacent to the side drum The half drum on one side is connected and movable relative to the half drum.
  • the side drum includes a sleeve sleeved on the drum shaft and a side drum cylinder assembly disposed on an outer circumferential surface of the sleeve, one end of the sleeve is connected to the middle a drum, the other end of the sleeve is coupled to the side drum cylinder assembly.
  • the middle drum includes a plurality of drums circumferentially disposed on each of the half drums, each of the drums being movable in a radial direction.
  • the bulge comprises a first bulge and a second bulge
  • the first bulge and the second bulge each comprise a body portion and a plurality of mutually spaced apart axial extensions from a side of the body portion Set the finger of the distance.
  • the middle drum is configured to be contracted or expanded, and the plurality of fingers of the two half drums are oppositely disposed and axially coupled to each other, and the body portions of the two half drums are in the middle drum
  • the expanded state is spaced apart from each other and together form a closed ring.
  • the sides and the outer circumference of the ring surrounded by the body portions of the two half drums are seamless.
  • the half drum further includes a drive assembly fixedly coupled to the sleeve, the drive assembly driving a plurality of first drums and a plurality of second drums to move radially.
  • the drive assembly includes a first support, a second support, a first slide, a plurality of second slides, and a plurality of links; the first support and the second support The pieces are respectively fixedly coupled to the sleeve of the drum shaft; the first sliding member is slidably coupled to the first support member; the plurality of second sliding members are each slidably coupled to the second support member; each of the Two ends of the connecting rod are respectively pivotally connected to one of the first sliding member and the plurality of the second sliding members.
  • the side drum is further provided with a turn-up unit and a bead support unit located at one end of the side drum cylinder assembly adjacent to the middle drum.
  • the present disclosure also provides a tire building machine including a tread drum, the above-described forming drum, two feeding mechanisms, and a composite device;
  • the tread drum is configured as a molded tread assembly;
  • the forming drum is configured as a molded carcass assembly, and the two feeding mechanisms are respectively provided to feed the tread drum and the forming drum;
  • the composite device is configured to composite the tread assembly and the carcass The component is carried out.
  • the present disclosure also provides a tire building machine comprising: a tread drum, a forming drum, an auxiliary forming unit, a composite device, a tread drum driving box, and a forming drum driving box;
  • the tread drum is set to Forming a tread assembly;
  • the forming drum being configured as a molded carcass assembly;
  • the tread drum drive box being configured to control rotation or movement of the tread drum;
  • the forming drum drive box being configured to control rotation of the forming drum or Moving;
  • the composite device is configured to assist the forming drum to roll-combine the tread assembly with the carcass assembly to form a green tire;
  • the auxiliary molding unit is configured to assist the forming drum to turn the bead Entering into the carcass and assisting the forming drum to enclose the carcass into the carcass to form the carcass assembly;
  • the forming drum comprises two symmetrically disposed side drums and a middle drum between the two side drums, the middle drum comprising two half drums axially mutually engageable, the side drums and two a half drum of the half drum adjacent to one side of the side drum is movable and movable relative to the half drum, the middle drum is arranged to be contracted or expanded in the radial direction, and both of the side drums are provided with bead support
  • the unit and the reverse unit, the bead support unit may be radially contracted or expanded.
  • the tire building machine further includes at least one axially movable bead positioning device.
  • the auxiliary forming unit further comprises a positive wrapping roll.
  • the composite device includes a center press roll, a shoulder press roll, and a grip.
  • the present disclosure further provides a tire molding method for a tire building machine, which is applied to the tire molding machine described above, and includes:
  • the forming drum rotates to take up the carcass material while the middle drum is in a contracted state
  • the auxiliary molding unit assists the forming drum to reversely wrap the bead into the carcass material while the middle drum is in an expanded state;
  • the auxiliary molding unit assists the forming drum to enclose the sidewall into the carcass to form a carcass assembly
  • the bead support unit is radially expanded to circumferentially lock the bead, the forming drum drive box inflates the carcass assembly, and the two halves are axially moved relative to each other and are fitted to engage the
  • An inner circumferential surface of the tread assembly is attached to an outer circumferential surface of the carcass assembly, the auxiliary molding unit and the composite device assisting the forming drum to roll-combine the tread assembly and the carcass assembly to form Fetal embryo.
  • the auxiliary molding unit assists the forming drum to reversely wrap the bead into the carcass, including:
  • the bead positioning device carries and positions two beads and axially moves the two beads to a designated position of the forming drum.
  • the auxiliary molding unit assists the forming drum to reversely wrap the bead into the carcass material, and further includes:
  • the bead positioning device moves the two beads to a designated position of the forming drum
  • the bead supporting unit expands radially to lock the bead in a circumferential direction.
  • the auxiliary molding unit assists the forming drum to enclose the sidewall into the carcass to form a carcass Components, including:
  • the side drum moves axially away from the middle drum to allow the first space to be moved, the press roller moves into the first space, and a portion of the sidewall roll that exceeds the edge of the carcass material is attached to the Said carcass material.
  • the method before the radial expansion of the bead support unit, the method further includes:
  • the two side drums are moved axially relative to each other until the bead support unit is located below the bead.
  • the tire molding method of the tire building machine further includes:
  • the tread drum transfers the tread assembly disposed on the tread drum into the composite device.
  • the method further comprises:
  • the composite device moves to position the tread assembly to the position of the carcass assembly on the forming drum or the forming drum to correspond the carcass assembly to the tread assembly on the composite device.
  • the method comprises:
  • the two half drums are axially moved relative to each other and embedded until the distance between the two beads meets the over-setting value of the tire process.
  • the two halves are axially moved relative to each other and are fitted to engage the inner circumferential surface of the tread assembly with the outer circumferential surface of the carcass assembly, the composite device assisting the forming drum Rolling the tread assembly with the carcass assembly to form a green tire, comprising:
  • the forming drum rotates, and the center pressing roller and the shoulder pressing roller roll the tread assembly and the tire
  • the fit of the body assembly causes the tread assembly to conform snugly to the carcass assembly to form a green tire.
  • the two halves are axially moved relative to each other and are fitted to engage the inner circumferential surface of the tread assembly with the outer circumferential surface of the carcass assembly, the composite device assisting the forming drum Rolling the tread assembly with the carcass assembly to form a green tire, further comprising:
  • the gripper circumferentially fixes the green tire
  • the middle drum is radially contracted and reset
  • the forming drum drives the pair of inflated tires
  • the body assembly performs a vacuum step.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a tire building machine provided by the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a first perspective structural view of a forming drum provided by the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a second perspective structural view of a forming drum provided by the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a third perspective structure of a forming drum provided by the present disclosure.
  • Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of a forming drum provided by the present disclosure.
  • Figure 6 is a partial enlarged view of the cross-sectional view of Figure 5;
  • FIG. 7 is a partial structural schematic view of a forming drum provided by the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a drum of a forming drum provided by the present disclosure.
  • Figure 9 is a side view of the first bulge provided in the present disclosure in a stretched state
  • Figure 10 is a side view of the bulge provided in the present disclosure in a contracted state
  • Figure 11 is a diagram showing the flatness of a carcass assembly of a forming drum provided by the present disclosure
  • Figure 12 is a diagram showing the shape of the carcass assembly of the forming drum provided by the present disclosure.
  • Figure 13 is a perspective assembled view of a tire building drum of another tire building machine provided by the present disclosure.
  • Figure 14 is a cross-sectional view of a tire building drum provided by the present disclosure.
  • Figure 15 is a partial schematic view showing the placement of the carcass material outside the tire building drum shown in Figure 14;
  • Figure 16 is a schematic view of the positioning device together with the bead placed on the periphery of the forming drum and the carcass of Figure 3;
  • Figure 17 is a schematic view of the middle drum of the tire building drum of Figure 16 after expansion;
  • Figure 18 is a schematic view showing the bead support unit of the tire building drum shown in Figure 17 after the expansion of the bead support unit and the positioning device laterally abutting the middle drum;
  • Figure 19 is a schematic view of the tire inflation drum of the tire building drum shown in Figure 18;
  • Figure 20 is a schematic view showing the capsule of Figure 19 affixed to the outside of the tire building drum;
  • Figure 21 is a schematic view showing a portion of the carcass material of the reverse bead of the tire forming drum of Figure 20, which is rolled by a reverse wrapping roller;
  • Figure 22 is a schematic view showing the two sidewalls placed on both sides of the carcass material as shown in Figure 21;
  • Figure 23 is a schematic view showing the side of the tire forming drum of the tire forming drum shown in Figure 22 being rolled by the positive wrapping roller;
  • Figure 24 is a schematic view showing the inflation setting of the carcass assembly of Figure 23 and the tread assembly located at the periphery of the carcass assembly;
  • Figure 25 is a schematic view showing the center press roller rolling a composite portion of the tread assembly and the carcass assembly
  • Figure 26 is a first state view showing the shoulder pressing roller rolling the shoulder portion
  • Figure 27 is a second state view of the shoulder pressing roller for rolling the shoulder portion
  • FIG. 28 is a schematic view showing the vacuuming of the tire blank and the retraction of the middle drum when the gripper of the composite device grasps the embryo blank;
  • Figure 29 is a schematic view showing the bead support unit retracting
  • Figure 30 is a partial schematic view of the tire building drum after the tire unloading is completed.
  • the present disclosure provides a tire building machine 100 including a tread drum 40 disposed as a molded tread assembly, and a forming drum 2 disposed as a molded carcass assembly, respectively provided to give Two feed mechanisms 60 for feeding the tread drum 40 and the forming drum 2 and a composite device 50 provided as a composite tread assembly and a carcass assembly.
  • the tread assembly includes a belt layer, a cap ply layer and a tread layer which are sequentially formed on the tread drum 40.
  • the feeding mechanism 60 sequentially feeds the tread drum 40 in accordance with the molding sequence of the tread assembly, and the tread assembly is transferred to the composite device 50 via the tread drum 40 after being rolled and stitched.
  • the carcass assembly includes an inner liner, a ply, a bead, and a sidewall that are sequentially formed on the forming drum 2.
  • the feeding mechanism 60 sequentially feeds the forming drum 2 in accordance with the molding sequence of the carcass assembly, and the carcass assembly is transferred to the composite device 50 via the forming drum 2 after being subjected to rolling and sewing.
  • an inflation reverse wrapping step is performed to wrap the bead within the composite layer of the inner liner and the ply.
  • the composite device 50 includes a transfer ring (not shown) and a rolling mechanism (not shown) provided on the transfer ring.
  • the compounding process of the tread assembly and the carcass assembly on the composite device 50 can be referred to the following description.
  • the tread assembly is positioned circumferentially within the transfer ring.
  • the forming drum 2 transfers the carcass assembly into the tread assembly and inflates it until the carcass assembly fits over the inside of the tread assembly.
  • the rolling mechanism rolls the tread assembly and the carcass assembly such that the carcass assembly is intimately bonded to the tread assembly to form a complete green tire.
  • the forming drum 2 in the tire building machine 100 provided by the present disclosure includes a drum shaft 10, a molding assembly 20 disposed on the drum shaft 10, and a driving device 30.
  • the forming drum 2 can complete the process steps of winding, inflating, wrapping, and inflating the carcass assembly, and can cooperate with the composite device 50 to form the tire blank. Therefore, the tire building machine 100 of the present disclosure can complete the process steps of the secondary forming process only by the tread drum 40 and the forming drum 2, and can automatically produce the tire without removing the tire on the forming drum 2 by manual or mechanical assistance.
  • the body assembly is placed on the styling drum to inflate and shape the tire to improve the quality of the tire.
  • the drum shaft 10 is provided with a forming zone in which the forming assembly 20 is mounted.
  • the forming assembly 20 includes two side drums 21 that are symmetrically disposed and a middle drum 22 that is located between the two side drums 21.
  • the middle drum 22 includes two half drums 220 that can be fitted into each other in the axial direction, and the two half drums 220 are symmetrically disposed.
  • Each of the side drums 21 is connected to a half drum 220 of the two half drums 220 on the side close to the side drum 21, and a part of each side drum 21 can be driven away from the half drum 220.
  • the two side drums 21 are fixedly coupled to the drive unit 30, respectively, such that the side drums 21, together with the correspondingly connected half drums 220, can be driven by the drive unit 30 to move axially along the drum shaft 10.
  • the side drum 21 and the half drum 220 on one side of the drum shaft 10 and the side drum 21 and the half drum 220 on the other side of the drum shaft 10 are movable in opposite or opposite directions. Since the two half drums 220 in the molding assembly 20 can be fitted into each other, the molding assembly 20 can achieve a wider range of styling and wide dimensions, so that more sizes of tires can be formed.
  • the present disclosure moves axially opposite or opposite each other by the two half drums 220, so that the process of inflating the carcass assembly can be realized when the half drums 220 are axially moved relative to each other, and the formed carcass assembly is not required to be manually or mechanically assisted. Inflating and sizing on another drum, thereby improving the quality of the tire. Further, when the side drum 21 and the half drum 220 are axially moved back, a space can be made between the side drum 21 and the half drum 220 for the space.
  • the molding machine performs a positive package rolling operation.
  • the axial direction is understood to be the axial direction of the drum shaft 10.
  • each of the side drums 21 is provided with a turn-up unit 23 and a bead support unit 24.
  • the drum shaft 10 rotates, and the driving molding assembly 20 rotates so that the carcass material is connected end to end in a ring shape, and then the bead ring is passed through the turn-up unit 23 and the bead support unit 24. Packed into the carcass material.
  • the present disclosure performs a reverse wrapping operation by the turn-up unit 23, and the bead is circumferentially fixed by the bead support unit 24.
  • Each of the side drums 21 further includes a sleeve 25 sleeved on the drum shaft 10 and a side drum cylinder assembly 26 sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the sleeve 25.
  • the turn-up unit 23 and the bead support unit 24 are both disposed at one end of the side drum cylinder assembly 26 near the middle drum 22.
  • One end of the sleeve 25 of the present disclosure is connected to the middle drum 22, and the other end of the sleeve 25 is connected to the side drum cylinder assembly 26, and the side drum cylinder assembly 26 is slidable relative to the sleeve 25 under the driving of the air passage.
  • the side drum cylinder assembly 26 can be moved axially toward or away from the intermediate drum 22 such that the side drum cylinder assembly 26 can be positioned away from the intermediate drum 22 for the forming machine to perform a positive rolling action.
  • the drive unit 30 is a screw, and the drive unit 30 can be rotated under the control of an external control unit (not shown).
  • the driving device 30 is connected to the sleeve 25 and the side drum cylinder assembly 26 through a connecting member (not shown), and one end of the connecting member is screwed to the driving device 30, so that the driving device 30 can drive the connecting member in a state of being rotated.
  • the axial movement drives the sleeve 25 and the side drum cylinder assembly 26 to move axially along the drum shaft 10.
  • the side drum cylinder assembly 26 operates similarly to a cylinder, and the side drum cylinder assembly 26 includes a side drum outer cylinder 261, a side drum inner cylinder 262, and a side drum inner cylinder 262 and side.
  • a side drum piston 263 between the outer drums 261.
  • an inner cavity (not shown) is formed between the side drum inner cylinder 262 and the side drum outer cylinder 261, and one end of the side drum piston 263 extends into the inner cavity.
  • the side drum piston 263 is fixedly coupled to the sleeve 25 and the connecting member, and the side drum inner cylinder 262 abuts against the sleeve 25 and is fixedly coupled to the side drum outer cylinder 261, the side drum inner cylinder 262 and the side drum inner cylinder 261. It can slide relative to the side drum piston 263 and the sleeve 25.
  • the side drum inner cylinder 262 has a generally T-shaped axial section including a fixedly connected first portion 262a and a second portion 262b that are perpendicular to each other. Wherein, the first portion 262a extends axially and is sleeved outside the sleeve 25.
  • the second portion 262b extends in the radial direction and is perpendicular to the sleeve 25.
  • the second portion 262b is fixedly coupled to the side drum outer cylinder by bolts (not shown). 261. Therefore, when the inner cavity of the side drum cylinder assembly 26 is supplied with air, the side drum inner cylinder 262 and the side drum outer cylinder 261 can reciprocate together along the drum shaft 10 on the sleeve 25 opposite the side drum piston 263. At the same time, the reverse wrapping unit 23 and the bead supporting unit 24 are axially moved together.
  • a part of the side drum 21, that is, the side drum inner cylinder 262 and the side drum outer cylinder 261 can move away from the corresponding half drum 220 with respect to the sleeve 25 of the side drum 21 and the side drum piston 263.
  • a part of the side drum 21 is separated from the half drum 220, a space is formed between the two, so that other station devices can be moved into the space to carry out the process steps of the carcass material, so that the sidewall can be composited to The carcass material is formed to form a carcass assembly.
  • the two half drums 220 of the middle drum 22 are respectively connected to the sleeves 25 of the two side drums 21, so that each side drum 21 can be connected to the two half drums 220 near the side.
  • each of the half drums 220 is in a contracted state, i.e., an initial state, at the time of winding, and at this time, the middle drum 22 has a first outer diameter size.
  • the half-drum 220 expands outward and is finally in an expanded state, at which time the middle drum 22 has a second outer diameter size.
  • the second outer diameter dimension is greater than the first outer diameter dimension.
  • Each of the half drums 220 includes a plurality of drums 222 and a drive assembly 223 that secures the bushings 25 that connect the side drums 21.
  • the drive assembly 223 can drive the drum 222 to move radially (away from or near the drum shaft 10) to enable the middle drum 22 to achieve two different outer diameter dimensions.
  • the drive assembly 223 includes a first support 2223, a second support 2235, a first slider 2234, a plurality of second sliders 2233, and a plurality of links 2236; a first support 2232 and a second
  • the support members 2235 are respectively fixed to the sleeve 25 of the side drum 21, the first sliding member 2234 is slidably connected to the first supporting member 2232; the plurality of second sliding members 2144 are slidably connected with the second supporting member 2235; each connecting rod 2236 The two ends are pivotally connected to one of the first slider 2234 and the plurality of second sliders 2233, respectively.
  • the first support member 2232 extends horizontally and has an annular shape, and is sleeved outside the drum shaft 10 and axially connected to the sleeve 25 .
  • the second support member 2235 is annular and sleeved on the periphery of the upper end of the sleeve 25 and is radially connected to the sleeve 25. Since the two ends of each link 2236 are pivotally connected to the first slider 2234 and the second slider 2233, respectively, the axial movement of the first slider 2234 can drive the radial movement of the second slider 2233, The radial movement of the drum 222 can be further driven.
  • the present disclosure can drive the radial movement of the second sliding member 2233 by the axial movement of the first sliding member 2234, and is pivotally connected by the connecting rod 2236, so that the axial movement of the first sliding member 2234 can drive the second sliding member 2233. Radial movement.
  • first support member 2232 and the second support member 2235 are both fixedly coupled to the sleeve 25, when the axial position of the sleeve 25 relative to the drum shaft 10 is constant, the first support member 2232 and the second support member 2235 are also With respect to the axial position of the drum shaft 10, the second slider 2233 radially slidably disposed on the second support member 2235 does not axially displace relative to the drum shaft 10.
  • the first sliding member 2234 moves axially inwardly, and the one end of the plurality of connecting rods 2236 pivotally connected to the first sliding member 2234 is also moved axially inward.
  • the plurality of drums 222 include a first drum 2221 and a second drum 2222 which are spaced apart, wherein the first drum 2221 is a first radial stroke of the drum, and the second drum 2222 is a bulge of a second radial stroke.
  • the first radial stroke is smaller than the second radial stroke.
  • the first bulge 2221 and the second bulge 2222 are similar in structure, and each includes a body portion 2223 fixedly coupled to the second slider 2233 and a finger portion 2224 extending from a side of the body portion 2223.
  • the side edges and the outer peripheral surface of the plurality of first bulges 2221 and the plurality of second bulges 2222 are spaced apart from each other in the expanded state of the bulge 222 and together form a closed ring, the side of the ring And the outer circumference is seamless.
  • the seamless refers to a tight connection between the adjacent first bulge 2221 and the second bulge 2222 without gaps.
  • the present disclosure completes the process steps of winding, reverse wrapping, and the like in the tire molding process by radially expanding and contracting a plurality of first drums 2221 and a plurality of second drums 2222.
  • the present disclosure achieves the axial embedding of the two half drums 220 by the fingers, thereby completing the inflation setting step of the carcass assembly.
  • the fingers 2224 of the two half drums 220 are oppositely disposed and can be interleaved and mated with each other, so that the two half drums 220 can be axially inserted and mated.
  • the drum 222 is indirectly fixed to the sleeve 25 by the second support member 2235. Therefore, when the driving device 30 drives the sleeve 25 to move axially, the sleeve 25 drives the finger portion 2224 of the drum 222. Axial movement is also performed so that axial insertion of the two half drums 220 can be achieved.
  • the present disclosure controls the radial lift of the drum 222 by the drive assembly 223.
  • the fingers 2224 of the two half drums 220 of the present disclosure can be axially moved by the sleeve 25 to be embedded, the axial displacement between the two half drums 220 can be changed, thereby completing the inflation setting step of the carcass assembly. .
  • the axial distance between the two bead support units 24 disposed on the two side drum cylinder assemblies 26, respectively, prior to the inflation setting step of the carcass assembly Known as the flat width, the axial width of the tire itself is called the styling width, and the flat width is larger than the styling width.
  • the inflation setting step of the carcass assembly is a transition process from the forming drum 2 to the flat width to the sizing width. The process of inflating and shaping the carcass assembly using the fingers 2224 of the pad 222 is detailed below:
  • the molding process of the carcass assembly 2 can be referred to the following description.
  • the side drum 21 of the forming drum 2 is driven to move closer to the half drum 220 via the side drum cylinder assembly 26, so that the side drum 21 and the half drum 220 are integrally formed, and the half drum 220 is in a contracted state at this time, the forming assembly 20 Processes such as coiling.
  • the drums 222 of the two half drums 220 are axially approached by the fingers 2224 to be embedded with each other until the axial distance between the two bead support units 24 is less than the flat width but slightly larger than the set width, while the forming drum 2 is paired
  • the body material is inflated and the turn-up unit 23 cooperates with the bead support unit 24 to reversely wrap the bead into the carcass material and conform to the sidewalls on both sides of the carcass material with the bead to form the carcass assembly.
  • the building drum 2 carries the carcass assembly in the aforementioned state and moves into the composite device 50, corresponding to the tread assembly, while the finger portions 2224 continue to be axially close until the axial distance between the two bead support units 24 is equal to the setting width At this time, the carcass assembly just fits on the inner ring surface of the tread assembly, and thus the inflation molding step of the carcass assembly is completed.
  • the forming cylinder can simultaneously complete the forming, inflating, and compounding of the carcass assembly, thereby realizing the automation of the secondary method tire, avoiding excessive manual participation, thereby improving the tire quality.
  • the opposite movement of the side drum 21 and the half drum 220 is caused to make a space between the side drum 21 and the half drum 220 for the tire building machine 100 to perform positive.
  • the tire building machine 100 of the present disclosure can complete the process steps of the secondary forming process only by the tread drum 40 (bundle drum) and the forming drum 2, and can automatically produce the tire without manual removal.
  • the carcass assembly on the carcass drum is placed on the styling drum to inflate and shape, thereby improving the quality of the tire.
  • the present disclosure also provides a tire building machine (not shown) provided as a molded tire blank including a forming drum 1, a tread drum (not shown), a composite device, and molding.
  • the forming drum driving box can drive the forming drum 1 to rotate or move
  • the tread drum driving box can drive the tread drum to rotate or move
  • the auxiliary forming unit can cooperate with the forming drum 1 to form the carcass assembly
  • the tread drum forming tread assembly 7 can receive the tread assembly 7 on the tread drum and cooperate with the forming drum 1 to composite the tread assembly 7 and the carcass assembly into a tire blank.
  • the drum drive box is provided with a drum shaft 3 and a screw (not shown), the screw rod is located in the drum shaft 3, and the forming drum 1 is fixed to the drum shaft 3.
  • the forming drum 1 includes two side drums 21 which are symmetrically disposed and a middle drum 11 which is located between the two side drums 21, and the middle drum 11 has both contracted and expanded states in the radial direction.
  • the intermediate drum 11 includes two half drums 110 that are axially interengageable with one another, each side drum 21 being connectable to an adjacent side of the half drum 110 and relatively movable therebetween.
  • the side of the side drum 21 near the middle drum 11 is provided with a turn-up unit 101 and a bead support unit 102.
  • the bead support unit 102 can be radially contracted or expanded.
  • the turn-up unit 101 can be an inflatable capsule.
  • the forming drum driving box can control the rotation of the drum shaft 3 to drive the rotation of the side drum 21 and the middle drum 11, and the rotation of the forming drum driving box control screw can drive the two side drums 21 to move in the axial direction or opposite to each other, thereby
  • the turn-up unit 101 and the bead support unit 102 on the side drum 21 can be driven to move axially.
  • the auxiliary molding unit includes an axially movable bead positioning device 90, a booster disk 210 engaged with the reverse wrapping unit 101, a reverse wrapping roller 231, and a positive wrapping roller 230.
  • the bead positioning device 90 can carry and position the bead 4 and can move axially along the forming drum 1 so that the bead 4 can be carried by the bead positioning device 90 to an axially designated position on the forming drum 1.
  • the booster tray 210 can push the turn-up unit 101 (inflated capsule) to reverse the bead 4.
  • the composite device includes a center press roll 240, a shoulder press roll 250, and a gripper 260.
  • the center press roll 240 can roll the tread area of the tire blank to substantially bond the tread assembly 7 to the carcass assembly.
  • the shoulder pressing roller 250 is two symmetrically arranged rollers, and the two shoulder pressing rollers 250 can be moved up and down, left and right, and rotated, respectively, so that the shoulder pressing roller 250 can roll the shoulder region and the sidewall region of the tire blank, thereby ensuring The tire component 7 is fully composited with the carcass assembly.
  • the gripper 260 can grasp the tire blank in a circumferential direction, thereby facilitating the unloading of the tire.
  • the present disclosure provides a tire molding method of the above tire molding machine, comprising the following steps:
  • step 1 the middle drum 11 is in a contracted state, and the forming drum 1 is rotated to take up the carcass material 6.
  • the two half drums 110 of the intermediate drum 11 are in a contracted state, and the forming drum 1 is in a flat drum state, at which time the forming drum 1 has completed the winding of the carcass material 6.
  • the carcass material 6 shown in FIG. 15 may include at least an inner liner layer and a first ply layer from the inside to the outside.
  • the carcass material may further include a sub-perpend and a second ply according to different requirements of the tire blank molding, wherein the second ply may also be rolled after the reverse bead step is completed. material.
  • step 2 the bead positioning device 90 carrying the two beads 4 is moved axially to move the bead 4 to the axially designated position of the forming drum 1.
  • the bead positioning device 90 has moved the bead 4 to the radial periphery of the bead support unit 102 and the carcass material 6.
  • the two beads 4 divide the carcass material 6 into two.
  • the middle drum 11 is radially expanded to tighten the carcass material 6, and the bead positioning device 90 carries the bead 4 axially until the bead 4 is axially abutted.
  • the drum shoulder of the drum 11 continues to tighten the carcass 6 .
  • Step 2 may also include step 2-1, the bead support unit 102 is radially expanded to circumferentially lock the bead 4.
  • the bead support unit 102 expands radially and locks the bead 4 in preparation for the bead 4 to be wrapped into the carcass material 6.
  • the end face of the bead 4 abuts against the middle drum 11, and the radially inner side of the bead 4 is locked by the bead support unit 102, so that the bead 4 does not move relative to the forming drum 1 in the axial direction and the radial direction.
  • the bead 4 can be positioned on the forming drum 1.
  • Step 3 the auxiliary molding unit assists the forming drum 1 to reversely wrap the bead 4 into the carcass material 6.
  • the first carcass 6a is attached to the radially outer side of the turn-up unit 101 (not inflated), and the bead 4 has been locked by the bead support unit 102, thus
  • the turn-up unit 101 on the two side drums 21 is simultaneously inflated, the first carcass material 6a is lifted up with the bulging of the turn-up unit 101.
  • the booster disk 210 is moved toward the middle drum 11 to press the two turn-up units 101 such that the two inflated turn-back units 101 are respectively attached to both sides of the middle drum 11 (including the middle drum 11).
  • the end face and the circumferential surface on both sides of the middle drum 11 are such that the first carcass material 6a is rolled up and stacked on the second carcass material 6b, and the bead 4 is tightly wrapped in the carcass material 6.
  • the carcass material 6 is in the shape of a cylinder and closely fits on the outer circumferential surface of the middle drum 11, the booster disk 210 is withdrawn, and the bead support unit 102 maintains the state of locking the bead 4.
  • the two half drums 110 of the middle drum 11 are always in an expanded state.
  • the booster disk 210 of the tire building machine of the present disclosure is movable relative to the forming drum 1 and applies an axial thrust to the inflated turn-up unit 101 to reverse the first carcass material 6a on the turn-up unit 101. package.
  • Step 4 the reverse wrapping roller 231 rolls both sides of the cylindrical carcass material 6 in the step 3, so that the first carcass material 6a is closely attached to the second carcass material 6b, so that the bead 4 is tight Tightly wrapped in the carcass material 6.
  • the reverse wrapping roller 231 is moved toward the shoulder of the intermediate drum 11, and the first carcass 6a which is superposed on the second carcass 6b is pressed.
  • the bead support unit 102 maintains the state in which the bead 4 is locked, and the two half drums 110 of the middle drum 11 are always in an expanded state.
  • step 5 the second ply, the third ply, the sidewall 5 or the third ply and the sidewall 5 are continuously adhered to the tubular carcass 6 completed in the step 4.
  • the third ply and the sidewall 5 have been bonded together.
  • the sidewalls 5 are located on both sides of the carcass material 6 and exceed a portion of the edge of the cylindrical carcass material 6.
  • the bead support unit 102 maintains the state in which the bead 4 is locked, and the two half drums 110 of the middle drum 11 are in an expanded state.
  • the tire building machine of the present disclosure controls the rotation of the forming drum 1 by the forming drum drive box, thereby completing the step of automatically fitting the side wall 5.
  • step 6 the positive wrapping roller 230 presses the portion of the sidewall 5 beyond the edge of the tubular carcass 6 to the tubular carcass material 6.
  • the bead support unit 102 is radially contracted, and the side drum 21 and the bead support unit 102 are axially moved away from the middle drum 11 to allow a space to be placed (ie, A space), the positive wrapping roller 230 can perform a rolling step in the space.
  • the positive wrapping roller 230 acts on both sides of the cylindrical carcass material 6, and the curved portion of the positive wrapping roller 23 ensures that the edge of the sidewall 4 can completely conform to the arc-like structure of the carcass material 6. At the office.
  • the side drum 21 and the bead support unit 102 are axially moved toward the direction toward the middle drum 11 to be reset, wherein the bead support unit 102 is reset below the bead 4.
  • the two half drums 110 of the middle drum 11 are always in an expanded state.
  • the side drum 21 of the present disclosure can be moved axially relative to the half drum 110, so that a seating space can be formed.
  • Step 7 The forming drum driving box inflates the carcass assembly, and the two half drums 110 are axially moved relative to each other and fitted to fit the inner circumferential surface of the tread assembly 7 to the outer circumferential surface of the carcass assembly, and the composite device assists The forming drum 1 rolls and combines the tread assembly 7 with the carcass assembly to form a green tire. As shown in Fig.
  • the bead support unit 102 is radially expanded to lock the bead 4, the two half drums 110 are always in an expanded state, and one end of the bead 4 abuts one side of the half drum 110, thereby ensuring the tread assembly 7
  • the bead ring 4 does not move in the radial direction and the axial direction, which ensures the production quality of the tire.
  • the forming drum drive box continuously inflates the carcass assembly, and the composite device that has received the tread assembly 7 moves to the corresponding region of the forming drum 1 (of course, in other alternative embodiments, The carcass assembly is automatically corresponding to the tread assembly 7) on the composite device by forming 1 and the two halves 110 are axially moved relative to each other and embedded until the distance between the two beads 4 satisfies the over-form value of the tire process. At this time, the inner circumferential surface of the tread assembly 7 just fits the outer circumferential surface of the carcass assembly.
  • the center pressing roller 240 can roll the tread assembly 7 to the carcass assembly so that the inner circumferential surface of the tread assembly 7 is tightly close to the outer circumferential surface of the carcass assembly. Bonding to form a embryonic embryo.
  • Step 7 further includes a step 7-1 in which the shoulder press roll 250 rolls the shoulders and sidewalls of the aforementioned green tire such that the two sides of the tread assembly 7 fit snugly against the carcass assembly.
  • the shoulder press roll 250 rolls the shoulders and sidewalls of the aforementioned green tire such that the two sides of the tread assembly 7 fit snugly against the carcass assembly.
  • the two rollers of the shoulder pressing roller 250 are moved away from each other, thereby rolling the shoulder region of the embryonic preform; the two rollers are moved downward while rotating, so that The roller pressure applied by the roller is perpendicular to the sidewall surface such that both sides of the tread assembly 7 can completely conform to the carcass assembly to form a green tire.
  • the bead support unit 102 always locks the bead 4, and the middle drum 11 is always in an expanded state, and the inside of the carcass assembly is always inflated.
  • the present disclosure can automatically complete the shaping step of the carcass assembly, the composite tread assembly 7 and the carcass assembly step by step 7, so that the carcass assembly does not need to be removed and placed on another shaping drum for shaping, avoiding the bead 2
  • the secondary movement improves the forming accuracy of the tire blank.
  • step 8 the middle drum 11 and the bead support unit 102 are radially contracted, and the tire building machine performs tire unloading.
  • the forming drum drive box evacuates the carcass assembly, the middle drum 11 is radially contracted to be reset, and the bead support unit 102 is contracted to be reset, so that the bead 4 is not locking. Since the gripper of the composite device fixes the embryo in the circumferential direction, when the green tire is separated from the forming drum 1, the forming drum 1 moves or the composite device moves to the unloading station, the robot grabs the embryo and places it in the green tire storage. region.
  • Step 8 further includes the step 8-1, the two intermediate drums 110 are moved away from each other, and the forming drum 1 is returned to the flat drum to be wound.
  • the side drum 21 and the half drum 110 of the middle drum 11 are axially moved away from each other to be reset, and the forming drum 1 is returned to the flat drum state, whereby the tire building machine can continuously produce the tire blank.
  • the middle drum 11 is radially expanded and contracted, and the bead 4 positioning function can be satisfied in the reverse wrapping step; and the lateral movement of the side drum 21 and the half drum 110 is caused to make the side Between the drum 21 and the half drum 110, a space is allowed for the forming machine to perform a positive rolling action; and when the half drum 110 and the side drum 21 are connected, the two half drums 110 and the side drum 21 can be simultaneously driven in the axial direction.
  • the composite device can cooperate with the forming drum 1 to complete the compounding of the tread assembly 7 and the carcass assembly, thereby realizing the one-time forming tire Fetal embryo.
  • the molding method of the present disclosure can automatically mold the tire blank at one time, and does not require manual or mechanical assistance to remove the carcass assembly on the carcass drum and put it on the shaping drum to insulate and shape, avoiding the tire of the carcass assembly. Circle 4 moves to improve the quality of the tire.
  • the description of the terms “in this embodiment”, “in an embodiment”, “in an embodiment”, or the like, means that the features or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment are included in at least the present disclosure. In one embodiment. In the embodiments, the schematic expressions of the above terms are not necessarily referring to the same embodiments. Moreover, the described features or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments.

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  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Tyre Moulding (AREA)

Abstract

一种成型鼓，包括鼓轴(3，10)、对称设置在鼓轴(3，10)上的两个侧鼓(21)以及位于两个侧鼓(21)之间的中鼓(11，22)，中鼓(11，22)包括可轴向相互嵌入配合的两个半鼓(110，220)，且每个半鼓(110，220)具有可径向改变的直径，侧鼓(21)与两个半鼓(110，220)中靠近侧鼓(21)一侧的半鼓(110，220)连接并可相对半鼓(110，220)移动。还涉及一种轮胎成型机和利用该轮胎成型机的轮胎成型方法。

Description

成型鼓、轮胎成型机以及轮胎成型机的轮胎成型方法
本申请要求在2017年10月30日提交中国专利局、申请号为201711042990.5以及在2017年12月29日提交中国专利局、申请号为201711481152.8的中国专利申请的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本公开涉及轮胎成型的技术领域，例如涉及一种成型鼓、轮胎成型机以及轮胎成型机的轮胎成型方法。
背景技术
相关轮胎成型技术有两种形式：两次法成型工艺二次成型和一次法成型工艺一次成型。
两次法成型工艺二次成型是通过胎体鼓实现胎体组件的成型，通过胎面鼓实现胎面组件的成型，然后把胎面组件以及胎体组件传递到定型鼓上实现轮胎的成型动作。由于胎体鼓不能对胎体组件进行定型步序，而是通过定型鼓完成定型步序，因此，胎体组件在胎体鼓向定型鼓过渡的过程中，需要依靠人工或机械辅助从胎体鼓上取下胎体组件移动到定型鼓上，使得胎体组件的胎圈要从胎体鼓上移动到定型鼓上进行二次定位，从而导致胎圈产生位移偏差，影响胎胚制作精度，导致轮胎质量受到影响。
一次法成型工艺是胎面组件在胎面鼓上实现贴合成型，胎体组件在成型鼓上实现贴合成型，然后把胎面组件传递到成型鼓上实现轮胎成型动作，由于轮胎是一次成型，轮胎胎圈没有移动，因此轮胎制作过程中人工干预少，精度控制高；但这种成型工艺无法满足宽胎侧的轮胎的生产。
一般将宽胎侧的轮胎安排在二次法成型工艺设备中生产，但两次法成型设备的精度没有一次法成型设备的精度高，从而影响轮胎质量。
发明内容
本公开提供一种可以同时具备成型胎体组件和对胎体组件充气定型功能的成型鼓以及可以一次成型宽胎侧的胎胚并保证成型精度的轮胎成型机的轮胎成型方法。
在一实施例中，本公开提供一种成型鼓，所述成型鼓包括鼓轴、对称设置在所述鼓轴上的两个侧鼓以及位于两个所述侧鼓之间的中鼓，所述中鼓包括相互配合且可轴向相嵌入的两个半鼓，且每个所述半鼓具有可径向改变的直径，所述侧鼓与两个所述半鼓中靠近所述侧鼓一侧的半鼓连接并可相对所述半鼓移动。
在一实施例中，所述侧鼓包括套设在所述鼓轴上的轴套以及设置在所述轴套外圆周面上的侧鼓缸体组件，所述轴套的一端连接所述中鼓，所述轴套的另一端连接所述侧鼓缸体组件。
在一实施例中，所述中鼓包括周向设置在每个所述半鼓上的多个鼓瓦，每个所述鼓瓦可沿径向移动。
在一实施例中，所述鼓瓦包括第一鼓瓦和第二鼓瓦，第一鼓瓦和第二鼓瓦均包括本体部以及自本体部一侧轴向延伸而出的多个相互间隔设定距离的指形部。
在一实施例中，所述中鼓设置为收缩或扩张，两个半鼓的多个指形部相对设置并可轴向相互插接，两个所述半鼓的本体部在所述中鼓的扩张状态下相互间隔排布且共同形成一个封闭的圆环。
在一实施例中，两个所述半鼓的本体部围设的圆环的侧面及外圆周无缝。
在一实施例中，所述半鼓还包括固定连接所述轴套的驱动组件，所述驱动组件可驱动多个第一鼓瓦和多个第二鼓瓦径向移动。
在一实施例中，所述驱动组件包括第一支撑件、第二支撑件、第一滑动件、多个第二滑动件以及多个连杆；所述第一支撑件和所述第二支撑件分别与鼓轴的轴套固定连接；所述第一滑动件与所述第一支撑件滑动连接；所述多个第二 滑动件均与所述第二支撑件滑动连接；每个所述连杆的两端分别枢接于所述第一滑动件和多个所述第二滑动件中的一个。
在一实施例中，所述侧鼓上还设置有位于侧鼓缸体组件的靠近所述中鼓的一端的反包单元和胎圈支撑单元。
在一实施例中，本公开还提供了一种轮胎成型机，包括胎面鼓、上述的成型鼓、两个供料机构以及复合装置；所述胎面鼓设置为成型胎面组件；所述成型鼓设置为成型胎体组件、两个所述供料机构分别设置为给所述胎面鼓和所述成型鼓供料；所述复合装置设置为复合所述胎面组件和所述胎体组件进行。
在一实施例中，本公开还提供一种轮胎成型机，包括：胎面鼓、成型鼓、辅助成型单元、复合装置、胎面鼓驱动箱以及成型鼓驱动箱；所述胎面鼓设置为成型胎面组件；所述成型鼓设置为成型胎体组件；所述胎面鼓驱动箱设置为控制所述胎面鼓旋转或移动；所述成型鼓驱动箱设置为控制所述成型鼓旋转或移动；所述复合装置设置为辅助所述成型鼓将所述胎面组件与所述胎体组件滚压复合以形成胎胚；所述辅助成型单元设置为辅助所述成型鼓将胎圈反包入胎体料内和辅助所述成型鼓将胎侧正包入所述胎体料形成所述胎体组件；
所述成型鼓包括两个对称设置的侧鼓以及位于两个所述侧鼓之间的中鼓，所述中鼓包括可轴向相互嵌入配合的两个半鼓，所述侧鼓与两个所述半鼓中靠近所述侧鼓一侧的半鼓连接并可相对所述半鼓移动，所述中鼓设置为在径向收缩或扩张，两个所述侧鼓均设置有胎圈支撑单元和反包单元，所述胎圈支撑单元可径向收缩或扩张。
在一实施例中，所述轮胎成型机还包括至少一个可轴向移动的胎圈定位装置。
在一实施例中，所述辅助成型单元还包括正包压辊。
在一实施例中，所述复合装置包括中心压辊、肩压辊以及抓手。
在一实施例中，本公开还提供一种轮胎成型机的轮胎成型方法，应用于上述的轮胎成型机，包括：
在所述中鼓处于收缩状态下，所述成型鼓旋转以卷取胎体料；
在所述中鼓处于扩张状态下，所述辅助成型单元辅助所述成型鼓将胎圈反包入所述胎体料内；
在包有所述胎圈的胎体料的两侧贴合胎侧的情况下，所述辅助成型单元辅助所述成型鼓将所述胎侧正包入胎体料形成胎体组件；
所述胎圈支撑单元径向扩张以周向锁定所述胎圈，所述成型鼓驱动箱对所述胎体组件充气，且两个所述半鼓轴向相对移动并嵌入配合以使所述胎面组件的内圆周面与胎体组件的外圆周面贴合，所述辅助成型单元与所述复合装置辅助所述成型鼓将所述胎面组件与所述胎体组件滚压复合以形成胎胚。
在一实施例中，所述辅助成型单元辅助所述成型鼓将胎圈反包入胎体料内，包括：
所述胎圈定位装置承载和定位两个胎圈，并将所述两个胎圈轴向移动至所述成型鼓的指定位置。
在一实施例中，所述辅助成型单元辅助所述成型鼓将胎圈反包入胎体料内，还包括：
当所述胎圈定位装置将所述两个胎圈移动至所述成型鼓的指定位置时，所述胎圈支撑单元径向扩张以周向锁定所述胎圈。
在一实施例中，在包有所述胎圈的胎体料的两侧贴合胎侧后，所述辅助成型单元辅助所述成型鼓将所述胎侧正包入胎体料形成胎体组件，包括：
所述侧鼓轴向远离所述中鼓移动以让位出第一空间，所述压辊移动至所述第一空间内，并将超出胎体料边缘的部分胎侧滚压贴合于所述胎体料。
在一实施例中，在所述胎圈支撑单元径向扩张之前，还包括：
两个所述侧鼓轴向相对移动直至所述胎圈支撑单元位于胎圈的下方。
在一实施例中，在前三个步骤中的任一步骤进行的同时，所述轮胎成型机的轮胎成型方法还包括：
所述胎面鼓将设置在所述胎面鼓上的胎面组件传递至所述复合装置内。
在一实施例中，在所述胎面组件与胎体组件滚压复合形成胎胚之前还包括：
所述复合装置移动以将胎面组件对应至所述成型鼓上胎体组件的位置或所述成型鼓移动以将胎体组件对应至所述复合装置上的胎面组件。
在一实施例中，在所述成型鼓上的胎面组件与所述复合装置内的胎体组件位置对应之后，包括：
两个所述半鼓轴向相对移动并相互嵌入直至两个胎圈之间的距离满足轮胎工艺的超定型值。
在一实施例中，两个所述半鼓轴向相对移动并嵌入配合以使所述胎面组件的内圆周面与胎体组件的外圆周面贴合，所述复合装置辅助所述成型鼓将所述胎面组件与所述胎体组件滚压复合以形成胎胚，包括：
在所述胎面组件的内圆周面与胎体组件的外圆周面贴合后，所述成型鼓旋转，所述中心压辊和所述肩压辊滚压所述胎面组件与所述胎体组件的贴合处使得所述胎面组件与所述胎体组件紧密贴合以形成胎胚。
在一实施例中，两个所述半鼓轴向相对移动并嵌入配合以使所述胎面组件的内圆周面与胎体组件的外圆周面贴合，所述复合装置辅助所述成型鼓将所述胎面组件与所述胎体组件滚压复合以形成胎胚，还包括：
在所述肩压辊滚压所述胎胚的胎肩后，所述抓手周向固定所述胎胚，所述中鼓径向收缩复位，所述成型鼓驱动箱对充气的所述胎体组件进行抽真空步序。
附图说明
图1是本公开提供的一种轮胎成型机的结构示意图；
图2是本发公开提供的成型鼓的第一视角结构示意图；
图3是本公开提供的成型鼓的第二视角结构示意图；
图4是本公开提供的成型鼓的第三视角结构示意图；
图5是本公开提供的成型鼓的剖视图；
图6是图5所示剖视图的局部放大图；
图7是本公开提供的成型鼓的局部的结构示意图；
图8是本公开提供的成型鼓的鼓瓦的结构示意图；
图9是本公开提供的第一鼓瓦在伸张状态下的侧视图；
图10是本公开提供的鼓瓦在收缩状态下的侧视图；
图11是本公开提供的成型鼓的胎体组件成型时平宽的表示图；
图12是本公开提供的成型鼓的胎体组件成型时定型宽的表示图；
图13是本公开提供的另一种轮胎成型机的轮胎成型鼓的立体组装图；
图14是本公开提供的轮胎成型鼓的剖视图；
图15是在图14所示轮胎成型鼓外放置胎体料后的局部示意图；
图16是定位装置连同胎圈置于图3所述成型鼓及胎体料外围的示意图；
图17是图16所示轮胎成型鼓的中鼓扩张后的示意图；
图18是图17所示轮胎成型鼓的胎圈支撑单元扩张后及定位装置侧向抵靠中鼓的示意图；
图19是图18所示轮胎成型鼓的胶囊充气反包后的示意图；
图20是图19所示胶囊放气后贴于轮胎成型鼓外示意图；
图21是图20所示轮胎成型鼓反包压辊上反包胎圈的一部分胎体料被反包压辊滚压的示意图；
图22将两个胎侧放置于如图21所示胎体料两侧的示意图；
图23是图22所示轮胎成型鼓正包压辊上的胎侧被正包压辊滚压的示意图；
图24是图23所示胎体组件充气定型及胎面组件位于胎体组件外围的示意图；
图25是中心压辊对胎面组件与胎体组件的复合处进行滚压的示意图；
图26是肩压辊对胎肩部位进行滚压的第一状态示意图；
图27是肩压辊对胎肩部位进行滚压的第二状态示意图；
图28是复合装置的抓手抓取胎胚时、轮胎胎坯内进行抽真空且中鼓回缩的示意图；
图29是胎圈支撑单元回缩的示意图；
图30是卸胎完成后，轮胎成型鼓的局部示意图。
附图标记：成型鼓-1，2；鼓轴-3，10；胎圈-4；胎侧-5；胎体料-6；第一胎体料-6a；第二胎体料-6b；胎面组件-7；中鼓-11，22；成型组件-20；侧鼓-21；反包单元-23，101；胎圈支撑单元-24，102；轴套-25；侧鼓缸体组件-26；侧鼓外缸体-261；侧鼓内缸体-262；第一部分-262a；第二部分-262b；侧鼓活塞-263；鼓瓦-222；第一鼓瓦-2221；第二鼓瓦-2222；本体部-2223；指形部-2224；驱动组件-223；第一支撑件2232；第二滑动件-2233；第一滑动件-2234；第二支撑件-2235；连杆-2236；助推盘-210；正包压辊-230；反包压辊-231；中心压辊-240；肩压辊-250；抓手-260；驱动装置-30；胎面鼓-40；复合装置-50；供料机构-60；胎圈定位装置-90；轮胎成型机-100；半鼓-110，220。
具体实施方式
下面描述本公开的实施例，下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，旨在用于解释本公开，而不能理解为对本公开的限制。
实施例一
如图1所示，本公开提供了一种轮胎成型机100，该轮胎成型机100包括设置为成型胎面组件的胎面鼓40、设置为成型胎体组件的成型鼓2、分别设置为给胎面鼓40和成型鼓2供料的两个供料机构60以及设置为复合胎面组件和胎体组件的复合装置50。
其中，胎面组件包括依次成型在胎面鼓40上的带束层、冠带层和胎面层。供料机构60依胎面组件的成型顺序依次给胎面鼓40供料，胎面组件经过滚压缝合后经由胎面鼓40传递至复合装置50内。
胎体组件包括依次成型在成型鼓2上的内衬层、帘布层、胎圈和胎侧。供料机构60依胎体组件的成型顺序依次给成型鼓2供料，胎体组件经过滚压缝合后经由成型鼓2传递至复合装置50内。在一实施例中，在胎体组件的成型过程 中，在贴合胎侧的步骤之前，要进行充气反包步骤，以将胎圈包裹在内衬层和帘布层的复合层内。
复合装置50包括传递环(未图示)以及设置在传递环上的滚压机构(未图示)。胎面组件与胎体组件在复合装置50上的复合过程可以参考以下说明。
胎面组件被周向定位在传递环内。成型鼓2将胎体组件传递至胎面组件内并充气定型，直至胎体组件贴合胎面组件的内侧。滚压机构滚压胎面组件与胎体组件，使得胎体组件与胎面组件紧密粘合以形成完整的胎胚。
如图2至图5所示，本公开提供的轮胎成型机100内的成型鼓2包括鼓轴10、设置在鼓轴10上的成型组件20以及驱动装置30。成型鼓2可以完成对胎体组件的卷料、充气反包、正包、充气定型的工艺步骤，且可与复合装置50配合成型轮胎胎胚。因此，本公开的轮胎成型机100仅通过胎面鼓40和成型鼓2就可以完成二次法成型的工艺步骤，且可以自动生产轮胎，不需要人工或机械辅助取下成型鼓2上的胎体组件放置在定型鼓上充气定型，提高轮胎的质量。
以下针对成型鼓2的结构进行说明。
如图4至图5所示，鼓轴10上设有一成型区，成型组件20即安装在该成型区内。在一实施例中，成型组件20包括对称设置的两个侧鼓21以及位于两个侧鼓21之间的中鼓22。其中，中鼓22包括可沿轴向相互嵌入配合的两个半鼓220，两个半鼓220对称设置。每个侧鼓21连接于两个半鼓220中靠近该侧鼓21一侧的半鼓220，每个侧鼓21的一部分可被驱动而远离该半鼓220。两个侧鼓21分别固定连接驱动装置30，如此，侧鼓21连同对应连接的半鼓220可被驱动装置30驱动而沿鼓轴10轴向移动。在一实施例中，位于鼓轴10一侧的侧鼓21及半鼓220与鼓轴10另一侧的侧鼓21及半鼓220可同步的相对或相背移动。由于，成型组件20内的两个半鼓220之间可以相互嵌入配合，因此，成型组件20可以实现更大范围的定型宽尺寸，从而可以成型更多尺寸规格的轮胎。
本公开通过两个半鼓220轴向相对或相背移动，从而半鼓220轴向相对运 动时可以实现胎体组件的充气定型的工艺步骤，不需要人工或机械辅助取出成型完的胎体组件在另一鼓上进行充气定型，进而提高了轮胎质量，此外，侧鼓21与半鼓220轴向相背运动时，使得侧鼓21与半鼓220之间可以让位出一个空间，以供成型机进行正包滚压动作。
在一实施例中，轴向可以理解为鼓轴10轴向。
如图5所示，每个侧鼓21上设置有反包单元23和胎圈支撑单元24。当胎体材料行进并贴合至成型组件20上时，鼓轴10旋转，驱动成型组件20旋转使得胎体材料首尾相接成环形，再通过反包单元23、胎圈支撑单元24将胎圈包进胎体材料。
本公开通过反包单元23进行反包作业，通过胎圈支撑单元24周向固定胎圈。
每个侧鼓21还包括套设在鼓轴10上的轴套25以及套设在该轴套25外圆周面上的侧鼓缸体组件26。其中，反包单元23和胎圈支撑单元24均设置在侧鼓缸体组件26的靠近中鼓22的一端。
本公开的轴套25的一端连接所述中鼓22，轴套25的另一端连接所述侧鼓缸体组件26，且侧鼓缸体组件26在气路的驱动下可以相对轴套25滑动，因此侧鼓缸体组件26可以轴向移动靠近或远离中鼓22，从而侧鼓缸体组件26远离中鼓22时可以让位一个空间，以供成型机进行正包滚压动作。
如图5所示，驱动装置30为一丝杆，驱动装置30可以在外部控制装置(未图示)的控制下自转。驱动装置30通过一个连接件(未图示)连接至轴套25与侧鼓缸体组件26，连接件的一端与驱动装置30螺纹连接，如此驱动装置30在自转的状态下，可以带动连接件轴向移动，进而驱动轴套25与侧鼓缸体组件26沿鼓轴10轴向移动。
如图5所示，侧鼓缸体组件26的工作原理类似于气缸，侧鼓缸体组件26包括侧鼓外缸体261、侧鼓内缸体262以及置于侧鼓内缸体262和侧鼓外缸体261之间的侧鼓活塞263。其中，侧鼓内缸体262和侧鼓外缸体261之间形成内 腔(未标示)，侧鼓活塞263的一端延伸入内腔内。另外，侧鼓活塞263固定连接轴套25及连接件，侧鼓内缸体262紧靠轴套25且固定连接至侧鼓外缸体261，侧鼓内缸体262及侧鼓内缸体261可相对侧鼓活塞263、轴套25滑动。在一实施例中，如图5所示，侧鼓内缸体262的轴向截面大致呈T型，包括固定连接的相互垂直的第一部分262a及第二部分262b。其中，第一部分262a轴向延伸且套设于轴套25外，第二部分262b沿径向延伸且垂直于轴套25，第二部分262b通过螺栓(未图示)固定连接侧鼓外缸体261。因此，当给侧鼓缸体组件26的内腔供气时，侧鼓内缸体262及侧鼓外缸体261可以一同沿着鼓轴10在轴套25上相对侧鼓活塞263往复移动，同时带动反包单元23和胎圈支撑单元24一起轴向移动。因此，侧鼓21的一部分，即侧鼓内缸体262及侧鼓外缸体261可相对侧鼓21的轴套25及侧鼓活塞263远离对应的半鼓220移动。当侧鼓21的一部分与半鼓220的分离时，两者之间形成一个空间，使得其他工位装置可以移动至该空间内进行胎体材料正包的工艺步骤，从而可以将胎侧复合至胎体材料上以形成胎体组件。当胎体材料正包后，侧鼓21的一部分移动靠近至半鼓220，然后，两个半鼓220之间通过驱动装置30的驱动使二者相互靠近、嵌合以完成胎体组件的充气定型步骤。
如图5至图7所示，中鼓22的两个半鼓220分别连接两个侧鼓21的轴套25，如此，每个侧鼓21就可连接到两个半鼓220中靠近该侧鼓21一侧的半鼓220。
如图6、图7并结合图5所示，每一半鼓220在卷料时处于收缩状态，即初始状态，此时，中鼓22具有第一外径尺寸。当进行胎圈反包时，半鼓220向外扩张并最终处于扩张状态，此时，中鼓22具有第二外径尺寸。其中，第二外径尺寸大于第一外径尺寸。每个半鼓220包括多个鼓瓦222以及固定连接侧鼓21轴套25的驱动组件223。其中，驱动组件223可驱动鼓瓦222径向移动(远离或靠近鼓轴10)以使中鼓22实现两种不同的外径尺寸。
在一实施例中，驱动组件223包括第一支撑件2232、第二支撑件2235、第 一滑动件2234、多个第二滑动件2233以及多个连杆2236；第一支撑件2232和第二支撑件2235分别固定连接侧鼓21的轴套25，第一滑动件2234与第一支撑件2232滑动连接；多个第二滑动件2144均与第二支撑件2235滑动连接；每个连杆2236的两端分别枢转连接第一滑动件2234和多个第二滑动件2233中的一个。其中，第一支撑件2232水平延伸且呈环状，套设于鼓轴10外且与轴套25轴向连接。第二支撑件2235呈环状，且套设在轴套25的上方端部的外围且与轴套25径向连接。由于每个连杆2236的两端分别枢转连接于第一滑动件2234及第二滑动件2233，因此，第一滑动件2234的轴向移动可带动第二滑动件2233的径向移动，如此，可进一步带动鼓瓦222的径向移动。
本公开通过第一滑动件2234的轴向移动可以带动第二滑动件2233的径向移动，又通过连杆2236枢接，从而第一滑动件2234的轴向移动可以带动第二滑动件2233的径向移动。
由于第一支撑件2232和第二支撑件2235均固定连接于轴套25，因此当轴套25相对于鼓轴10的轴向位置不变时，第一支撑件2232和第二支撑件2235也相对于鼓轴10的轴向位置不变，则径向滑动设置在第二支撑件2235上的第二滑动件2233相对于鼓轴10也不会发生轴向位移。
如图5至图8并结合图9及图10所示，第一滑动件2234轴向向内移动，带动多个连杆2236上枢接于第一滑动件2234的一端也轴向向内移动，并带动多个连杆2236上分别枢接于多个第二滑动件2233的另一端径向向内移动，从而多个第二滑动件2233也沿着径向移动以靠近鼓轴10，同时与多个第二滑动件2233连接的多个鼓瓦222沿着径向移动以靠近鼓轴10，进而多个鼓瓦222对应的直径变小，至此完成中鼓22的收缩。
如图6至图10所示，多个鼓瓦222包括间隔设置的第一鼓瓦2221和第二鼓瓦2222，其中第一鼓瓦2221为第一径向行程的鼓瓦，第二鼓瓦2222为第二径向行程的鼓瓦其中，当第一鼓瓦2221和第二鼓瓦2222同时扩张或收缩时，第一径向行程小于第二径向行程。第一鼓瓦2221和第二鼓瓦2222结构类似， 均包括固定连接在第二滑动件2233的本体部2223以及自本体部2223一侧延伸的指形部2224。多个第一鼓瓦2221和多个第二鼓瓦2222的本体部2223的侧缘及外周面在鼓瓦222扩张状态下相互间隔排布且共同形成一个封闭的圆环，该圆环的侧面及外圆面周无缝。在一实施例中，此处的无缝指相邻的第一鼓瓦2221和第二鼓瓦2222之间连接紧密，没有缝隙。
本公开通过多个第一鼓瓦2221和多个第二鼓瓦2222径向伸缩完成轮胎成型过程中的卷料、反包等工艺步骤。
本公开通过指形部实现两个半鼓220的轴向嵌入，进而可以完成胎体组件的充气定型步骤。
在一实施例中，两个半鼓220的指形部2224相对设置且可相互交错插接及嵌合，从而可以实现两个半鼓220轴向插接配合。在一实施例中，鼓瓦222通过第二支撑件2235间接固定于轴套25上，因此，当驱动装置30驱动轴套25轴向移动时，轴套25带动鼓瓦222的指形部2224也进行轴向移动，从而可以实现两个半鼓220的轴向嵌入。
本公开通过驱动组件223控制鼓瓦222的径向升降。
由于本公开的两个半鼓220的指形部2224可以通过轴套25轴向移动以嵌入，从而可以改变两个半鼓220之间的轴向位移，进而可以完成胎体组件的充气定型步骤。
请参考图11至图12，在一实施例中，在胎体组件的充气定型步骤之前，分别设置在两个侧鼓缸体组件26上的两个胎圈支撑单元24之间的轴向距离称为平宽，轮胎自身的轴向宽度称为定型宽，平宽大于定型宽，胎体组件的充气定型步骤是通过成型鼓2完成平宽至定型宽的过渡过程。下面详述胎体组件利用鼓瓦222的指形部2224进行充气定型的过程：
由前述可知，胎体组件2的成型过程可以参考以下说明。
成型鼓2的侧鼓21经侧鼓缸体组件26驱动相对半鼓220移动以靠近半鼓220，如此侧鼓21和半鼓220形成一个整体，此时的半鼓220处于收缩状态， 成型组件20进行卷料等工艺。两个半鼓220的鼓瓦222利用指形部2224轴向靠近以相互嵌入，直至两个胎圈支撑单元24之间的轴向距离小于平宽但略大于定型宽，同时成型鼓2对胎体材料进行充气，反包单元23与胎圈支撑单元24配合以将胎圈反包进胎体材料内，并在带有胎圈的胎体材料两侧贴合胎侧以形成胎体组件。成型鼓2携带前述状态下的胎体组件移动至复合装置50内，与胎面组件对应，同时指形部2224继续轴向靠近直至两个胎圈支撑单元24之间的轴向距离等于定型宽，此时胎体组件恰好贴合于胎面组件的内环面上，至此完成胎体组件的充气定型步骤。
本公开通过前述的成型鼓，可以在该成型鼓上同时完成胎体组件的成型、充气定型、复合，进而可以实现二次法轮胎的自动化，避免了人工的过多参与，进而提高了轮胎质量。
本公开的成型鼓2卷料、反包完成后，通过侧鼓21与半鼓220的相背移动，使得侧鼓21与半鼓220之间让位出一个空间可供轮胎成型机100进行正包滚压动作，又由于半鼓220和侧鼓21连接，则可同时驱动两个半鼓220和侧鼓21轴向相对移动，从而完成充气定型步骤，进而实现成型鼓2的卷料、反包、正包、充气定型的功能。相比于相关技术，本公开的轮胎成型机100仅通过胎面鼓40(带束鼓)和成型鼓2就可以完成二次法成型的工艺步骤，且可以自动生产轮胎，不需要人工取下胎体鼓上的胎体组件放置在定型鼓上充气定型，进而提高了轮胎质量。
实施例二
如图13至图30所示，本公开还提供一种轮胎成型机(未图示)，设置为成型轮胎胎胚，其包括成型鼓1、胎面鼓(未图示)、复合装置、成型鼓驱动箱(未图示)、胎面鼓驱动箱(未图示)和辅助成型单元。其中，成型鼓驱动箱可驱动成型鼓1旋转或移动，胎面鼓驱动箱可驱动胎面鼓旋转或移动，辅助成型单元可配合成型鼓1成型胎体组件，配合胎面鼓成型胎面组件7，复合装置可以接收胎面鼓上的胎面组件7，并与成型鼓1配合将胎面组件7和胎体组件复合成轮胎 胎胚。在一实施例中，成型鼓驱动箱上设有鼓轴3和丝杆(未图示)，丝杆位于鼓轴3内，成型鼓1固定在鼓轴3上。
如图13和图14所示，成型鼓1包括两个对称设置的侧鼓21以及位于两个侧鼓21之间的中鼓11，中鼓11在径向上具有收缩和扩张两种状态。在一实施例中，中鼓11包括可轴向相互嵌入配合的两个半鼓110，每个侧鼓21可与相邻一侧的半鼓110连接并且二者之间可相对移动。侧鼓21靠近中鼓11的一端设有反包单元101和胎圈支撑单元102。其中，胎圈支撑单元102可径向收缩或扩张，在本实施例中，反包单元101可以为可充气的胶囊。其中，成型鼓驱动箱可控制鼓轴3旋转，从而带动侧鼓21和中鼓11的旋转，成型鼓驱动箱控制丝杆旋转可以带动两个侧鼓21沿轴向相向或相背移动，从而可带动侧鼓21上的反包单元101和胎圈支撑单元102轴向移动。
如图16至图29所示，辅助成型单元包括可轴向移动的胎圈定位装置90、与反包单元101配合的助推盘210、反包压辊231以及正包压辊230。胎圈定位装置90可承载和定位胎圈4，并可沿成型鼓1轴向移动，从而胎圈4可以被胎圈定位装置90携带至成型鼓1上的轴向指定位置。助推盘210可推动反包单元101(充气的胶囊)对胎圈4进行反包。
复合装置包括中心压辊240、肩压辊250以及抓手260。中心压辊240可滚压轮胎胎胚的胎面区域以使胎面组件7与胎体组件基本粘合。肩压辊250为两个对称设置的滚轮，两个肩压辊250可以分别上下移动、左右移动、旋转，因此肩压辊250可滚压轮胎胎胚的胎肩区域和胎侧区域，从而确保胎组件7与胎体组件完全复合成型。抓手260可周向抓住轮胎胎胚，从而便于卸胎。
本公开提供了一种上述轮胎成型机的轮胎成型方法，包括如下步骤：
步骤1，中鼓11处于收缩状态，成型鼓1旋转以卷取胎体料6。如图15所示，中鼓11的两个半鼓110均为收缩状态，成型鼓1处于平鼓状态，此时成型鼓1已完成胎体料6的卷料。在一实施例中，图15中所示的胎体料6，从内至外可以至少包括内衬层及第一帘布层。在一实施例中，根据轮胎胎胚成型的不 同需求，胎体材料还可以包括子口包布及第二帘布层，其中第二帘布层也可以在反包胎圈步序完成后再进行卷料。
步骤2，携带有两个胎圈4的胎圈定位装置90轴向移动，以将胎圈4移动至成型鼓1的轴向指定位置。如图4所示，胎圈定位装置90已将胎圈4移动至胎圈支撑单元102、胎体料6的径向外围，此时，两个胎圈4将胎体料6分为位于两侧的第一胎体料6a和位于中间的第二胎体料6b。在一实施例中，如图17及图18所示，中鼓11径向扩张以绷紧胎体料6，胎圈定位装置90携带胎圈4轴向移动直至胎圈4轴向抵靠中鼓11的鼓肩处，从而继续绷紧胎体料6。
步骤2还可以包括步骤2-1，胎圈支撑单元102径向扩张以周向锁定胎圈4。在一实施例中，胎圈支撑单元102径向扩张并锁定胎圈4为实现胎圈4反包入胎体料6内做准备。如图18中所示，胎圈4的端面抵靠中鼓11，胎圈4的径向内侧被胎圈支撑单元102锁定，因此胎圈4在轴向和径向不会相对成型鼓1移动，从而胎圈4可以被定位在成型鼓1上。
步骤3，辅助成型单元辅助成型鼓1将胎圈4反包入胎体料6内。在一实施例中，参见图18至图20所示，第一胎体料6a贴合反包单元101(未充气)的径向外侧，且胎圈4已被胎圈支撑单元102锁定，因此当两个侧鼓21上的反包单元101同时充气时，第一胎体料6a随着反包单元101的鼓起被顶起。在一实施例中，助推盘210朝向中鼓11移动以挤压两个反包单元101，以使两个充气的反包单元101分别紧贴于中鼓11的两侧(包括中鼓11的端面和中鼓11两侧的圆周面)，从而第一胎体料6a被翻卷，叠于第二胎体料6b上，进而胎圈4被紧密包于胎体料6内。
步骤3的反包步序完成后，胎体料6呈筒状，且紧密贴合在中鼓11的外圆周面上，助推盘210退出，胎圈支撑单元102保持锁定胎圈4的状态，中鼓11的两个半鼓110始终为扩张状态。本公开的轮胎成型机的助推盘210可相对成型鼓1移动，并对充气的反包单元101施加一个轴向的推力，从而对位于反包单元101上的第一胎体料6a进行反包。
步骤4，反包压辊231滚压步骤3中的筒状胎体料6的两侧，以使第一胎体料6a紧密贴合于第二胎体料6b上，从而胎圈4被紧紧包裹在胎体料6内。在一实施例中，如图21所示，反包压辊231朝向中鼓11的鼓肩处移动，将反包后叠于第二胎体料6b上的第一胎体料6a压合。在此步序中，胎圈支撑单元102保持锁定胎圈4的状态，中鼓11的两个半鼓110始终为扩张状态。
步骤5，在步骤4完成的筒状胎体料6上继续贴合第二帘布层、第三帘布层、胎侧5或者继续贴合第三帘布层、胎侧5。在一实施例中，如图22所示，第三帘布层、胎侧5已经贴合完毕。胎侧5位于胎体料6的两侧，且超过筒状胎体料6的边缘一部分。在此步序中，胎圈支撑单元102保持锁定胎圈4的状态，中鼓11的两个半鼓110均为扩张状态。本公开的轮胎成型机通过成型鼓驱动箱控制成型鼓1旋转，从而完成自动贴合胎侧5的步序。
步骤6，正包压辊230将胎侧5超出筒状胎体料6边缘的部分滚压贴合于筒状胎体料6。在一实施例中，还包括步骤6-1，胎圈支撑单元102径向收缩，侧鼓21与胎圈支撑单元102朝向远离中鼓11的方向轴向移动以让位出一个空间(即第一空间)，正包压辊230可以在该空间内进行滚压步序。如图23所示，正包压辊230作用在筒状胎体料6的两侧，正包压辊23的弧形部确保了胎侧4边缘可以完全贴合于胎体料6的弧状结构处。正包滚压完成后，侧鼓21与胎圈支撑单元102朝向靠近中鼓11的方向轴向移动以复位，其中胎圈支撑单元102复位于胎圈4的下方。在此步序中，中鼓11的两个半鼓110始终为扩张状态。本公开的侧鼓21可以相对半鼓110轴向移动，因此可以形成一个让位空间。
步骤7，成型鼓驱动箱对胎体组件充气，两个半鼓110轴向相对移动并嵌入配合以使胎面组件7的内圆周面与胎体组件的外圆周面恰好贴合，复合装置辅助成型鼓1将胎面组件7与胎体组件滚压复合以形成胎胚。如图24所示，胎圈支撑单元102径向扩张以锁定胎圈4，两个半鼓110始终为扩张状态，且胎圈4的一端抵接半鼓110的一侧，从而保证胎面组件7与胎体组件滚压复合时胎圈4径向、轴向不移动，保证了轮胎的生产质量。
如图24至图25所示，成型鼓驱动箱对胎体组件持续充气，已接收胎面组件7的复合装置移动至成型鼓1的对应区域(当然在其他可替代的实施例中，也可以通过成型1自动将胎体组件对应至复合装置上的胎面组件7)，两个半鼓110轴向相对移动并相互嵌入，直至两个胎圈4之间的距离满足轮胎工艺的超定型值，此时胎面组件7内圆周面与胎体组件外圆周面恰好贴合。当成型鼓1在成型鼓驱动箱的驱动下转动时，中心压辊240可滚压胎面组件7与胎体组件贴合处，使得胎面组件7内圆周面与胎体组件外圆周面紧密粘合，从而形成胎胚雏形。
步骤7还包括步骤7-1，肩压辊250滚压前述胎胚的胎肩和胎侧处，使得胎面组件7的两侧紧密贴合胎体组件。如图26至图27所示，当成型鼓1转动时，肩压辊250的两个滚轮相背离移动，从而滚压胎胚雏形的肩部区域；两个滚轮向下移动同时旋转，以使得滚轮施加的滚压力垂直于胎侧表面，从而使得胎面组件7的两侧可以完全贴合于胎体组件以形成胎胚。在步骤7的步序中，胎圈支撑单元102始终锁定胎圈4，中鼓11始终为扩张状态，胎体组件内始终保持充气状态。
本公开通过步骤7可以自动完成胎体组件的定型步骤、复合胎面组件7和胎体组件步骤，因此不需要将胎体组件取下放至另外的定型鼓上进行定型，避免了胎圈的二次移动，提高了轮胎胎胚的成型精度。
步骤8，中鼓11和胎圈支撑单元102径向收缩，轮胎成型机进行卸胎。如图28和图29所示，胎坯制作完成后，成型鼓驱动箱对胎体组件抽气，中鼓11径向收缩以复位，胎圈支撑单元102收缩以复位，从而胎圈4不被锁定。由于复合装置的抓手周向固定胎胚，因此当胎胚脱离成型鼓1后，成型鼓1移动或复合装置移动至卸胎工位，机械手抓取胎胚，并将其放置至胎坯存放区域。
步骤8还包括步骤8-1，两个中鼓110相互背离移动，成型鼓1恢复为平鼓待卷料状态。如图18所示，卸胎完成后，侧鼓21与中鼓11的半鼓110轴向相背离移动以复位，成型鼓1恢复平鼓状态，从而轮胎成型机可以持续的生产轮 胎胎胚。
本公开提供的成型鼓1卷料完成后，通过中鼓11径向涨缩，在反包步序中可满足胎圈4定位功能；又通过侧鼓21与半鼓110的相向移动，使得侧鼓21与半鼓110之间让位出一个空间可供成型机进行正包滚压动作；且半鼓110和侧鼓21连接，则可同时驱动两个半鼓110和侧鼓21轴向相对移动，实现轮胎胎胚平宽数值的变化，从而完成充气定型步骤；在一实施例中，复合装置可以与成型鼓1配合，完成胎面组件7与胎体组件的复合，从而实现一次成型轮胎胎胚。相比于相关技术，本公开的成型方法可以一次自动成型轮胎胎胚，不需要人工或机械辅助取下胎体鼓上的胎体组件放置在定型鼓上充气定型，避免了胎体组件的胎圈4移动，从而提高轮胎的质量。
在实施方式的描述中，论述性用语“本实施例中”、“一个实施例中”、“在一实施例中”等描述意指结合该实施例描述的特征或特点包含于本公开的至少一个实施例中。并且在实施方式中，对上述用语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例。而且，描述的特征或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例中以合适的方式结合。

Claims (24)

  1. 一种成型鼓，包括：鼓轴(3，10)、对称设置在所述鼓轴(3，10)上的两个侧鼓(21)以及位于两个所述侧鼓(21)之间的中鼓(11，22)，所述中鼓(11，22)包括可轴向相互嵌入配合的两个半鼓(110，220)，且每个所述半鼓(110，220)具有可径向改变的直径，所述侧鼓(21)与两个所述半鼓(110，220)中靠近所述侧鼓(21)一侧的半鼓(110，220)连接并可相对所述半鼓(110，220)移动。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的成型鼓，其中，所述侧鼓(21)包括套设在所述鼓轴(3，10)上的轴套(25)以及设置在所述轴套(25)外圆周面上的侧鼓缸体组件(26)，所述轴套(25)的一端连接所述中鼓(11，22)，所述轴套(25)的另一端连接所述侧鼓缸体组件(26)。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的成型鼓，其中，所述中鼓(11，22)包括周向设置在每个所述半鼓(110，220)上的多个鼓瓦(222)，每个所述鼓瓦(222)可沿径向移动。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的成型鼓，其中，所述鼓瓦(222)包括第一鼓瓦(2221)和第二鼓瓦(2222)，所述第一鼓瓦(2221)和所述第二鼓瓦(2222)均包括本体部(2223)以及自所述本体部(2223)一侧轴向延伸而出的多个相互间隔设定距离的指形部(2224)。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的成型鼓，其中，所述中鼓(11，22)设置为收缩或扩张，两个所述半鼓(220)的多个指形部(2224)相对设置并可轴向相互插接，两个所述半鼓(220)的本体部(2223)在所述中鼓(11，22)的扩张状态下相互间隔排布且共同形成一个封闭的圆环。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的成型鼓，其中，两个所述半鼓(110，220)的本体部(2223)围设的圆环的侧面及外圆周面无缝。
  7. 如权利要求5所述的成型鼓，其中，所述半鼓(110，220)还包括固定连接所述轴套(25)的驱动组件(223)，所述驱动组件(223)可驱动多个所述 第一鼓瓦(2221)和多个所述第二鼓瓦(2222)径向移动。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的成型鼓，其中，所述驱动组件(223)包括第一支撑件(2232)、第二支撑件(2235)、第一滑动件(2234)、多个第二滑动件(2233)以及多个连杆(2236)；所述第一支撑件(2232)和所述第二支撑件(2235)分别与鼓轴(10)的轴套(25)固定连接；所述第一滑动件(2234)与所述第一支撑件(2232)滑动连接；所述多个第二滑动件(2233)均与所述第二支撑件(2235)滑动连接；每个所述连杆(2236)的两端分别枢接于所述第一滑动件(2234)和多个所述第二滑动件(2233)中的一个。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的成型鼓，其中，所述侧鼓(21)上还设置有位于侧鼓缸体组件(26)的靠近所述中鼓(11，22)的一端的反包单元(23，101)和胎圈支撑单元(24，102)。
  10. 一种轮胎成型机，包括胎面鼓(40)、如权利要求1-9任意一项所述的成型鼓(1，2)、两个供料机构(60)以及复合装置(50)；
    所述胎面鼓(40)设置为成型胎面组件；所述成型鼓(1，2)设置为成型胎体组件；两个所述供料机构(60)分别设置为给所述胎面鼓(40)和所述成型鼓(1，2)供料；所述复合装置(50)设置为复合所述胎面组件和所述胎体组件。
  11. 一种轮胎成型机，包括：胎面鼓、成型鼓(1，2)、辅助成型单元、复合装置、胎面鼓驱动箱以及成型鼓驱动箱；
    所述胎面鼓设置为成型胎面组件(7)；所述成型鼓(1，2)设置为成型胎体组件；所述胎面鼓驱动箱设置为控制所述胎面鼓旋转或移动；所述成型鼓驱动箱设置为控制所述成型鼓(1，2)旋转或移动；所述复合装置设置为辅助所述成型鼓(1，2)将所述胎面组件(7)与所述胎体组件滚压复合以形成胎胚；所述辅助成型单元设置为辅助所述成型鼓(1，2)将胎圈(4)反包入胎体料(6)内和辅助所述成型鼓(1，2)将胎侧(5)正包入所述胎体料(6)形成所述胎体组件；
    所述成型鼓(1，2)包括两个对称设置的侧鼓(21)以及位于两个所述侧鼓(21)之间的中鼓(11，22)，所述中鼓(11，22)包括可轴向相互嵌入配合的两个半鼓(110，220)，所述侧鼓(21)与两个所述半鼓(110，220)中靠近所述侧鼓(21)一侧的半鼓(110，220)连接并可相对所述半鼓(110，220)移动，所述中鼓(11，22)设置为在径向收缩或扩张，两个所述侧鼓(21)均设置有胎圈支撑单元(102，24)和反包单元(101，23)，所述胎圈支撑单元(102，24)可径向收缩或扩张。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的轮胎成型机，还包括至少一个可轴向移动的胎圈定位装置(90)。
  13. 如权利要求11所述的轮胎成型机，其中，所述辅助成型单元还包括正包压辊(230)。
  14. 如权利要求11所述的轮胎成型机，其中，所述复合装置包括中心压辊(240)、肩压辊(250)以及抓手(260)。
  15. 一种轮胎成型机的轮胎成型方法，应用于如权利要求11-14任一项所述的轮胎成型机，包括：
    在中鼓(11，22)处于收缩状态下，成型鼓(1，2)旋转以卷取胎体料(6)；
    在所述中鼓(11，22)处于扩张状态下，辅助成型单元辅助所述成型鼓(1，2)将胎圈(4)反包入所述胎体料(6)内；
    在包有所述胎圈的胎体料(6)的两侧贴合胎侧(5)的情况下，所述辅助成型单元辅助所述成型鼓(1，2)将所述胎侧(5)正包入所述胎体料(6)形成胎体组件；
    胎圈支撑单元(102)径向扩张以周向锁定所述胎圈(4)，成型鼓驱动箱对所述胎体组件充气，且两个半鼓(110，220)轴向相对移动并嵌入配合以使胎面组件(7)的内圆周面与所述胎体组件的外圆周面贴合，复合装置辅助所述成型鼓(1，2)将所述胎面组件(7)与所述胎体组件滚压复合以形成胎胚。
  16. 如权利要求15所述的方法，其中，所述辅助成型单元辅助所述成型鼓 (1，2)将胎圈(4)反包入胎体料(6)内，包括：
    通过胎圈定位装置(90)承载和定位两个胎圈(4)，并将所述两个胎圈(4)轴向移动至所述成型鼓(1，2)的指定位置。
  17. 如权利要求16所述的方法，其中，所述辅助成型单元辅助所述成型鼓(1，2)将胎圈(4)反包入胎体料(6)内，还包括：
    当所述胎圈定位装置(90)将所述两个胎圈(4)移动至所述成型鼓(1，2)的指定位置时，所述胎圈支撑单元(102)径向扩张以周向锁定所述胎圈(4)。
  18. 如权利要求15所述的方法，其中，所述在包有所述胎圈的胎体料(6)的两侧贴合胎侧(5)的情况下，所述辅助成型单元辅助所述成型鼓(1，2)将所述胎侧(5)正包入胎体料(6)形成胎体组件，包括：
    所述侧鼓(21)轴向远离所述中鼓(11，22)移动以让位出第一空间，正包压辊(230)移动至所述第一空间内，并将超出所述胎体料(6)边缘的部分胎侧(5)滚压贴合于所述胎体料(6)。
  19. 如权利要求18所述的方法，其中，在所述胎圈支撑单元(102)径向扩张之前，还包括：
    两个所述侧鼓(21)轴向相对移动直至所述胎圈支撑单元(102)位于所述胎圈(4)的下方。
  20. 如权利要求15所述的方法，还包括：
    所述胎面鼓将设置在所述胎面鼓上的胎面组件(7)传递至所述复合装置内。
  21. 如权利要求20所述的方法，其中，在所述胎面组件(7)与胎体组件复合成胎胚之前还包括：
    所述复合装置移动以将胎面组件(7)对应至所述成型鼓(1，2)上胎体组件的位置或所述成型鼓(1，2)移动以将胎体组件对应至所述复合装置上的胎面组件(7)。
  22. 如权利要求21所述的方法，其中，在所述成型鼓(1，2)上的胎面组件(7)与所述复合装置内的胎体组件位置对应之后，包括：
    两个所述半鼓(110，220)轴向相对移动并相互嵌入直至两个胎圈(4)之间的距离满足轮胎工艺的超定型值。
  23. 如权利要求22所述的方法，其中，所述两个所述半鼓(110，220)轴向相对移动并嵌入配合以使所述胎面组件(7)的内圆周面与胎体组件的外圆周面贴合，所述复合装置辅助所述成型鼓(1，2)将所述胎面组件(7)与所述胎体组件滚压复合以形成胎胚，包括：
    在所述胎面组件(7)的内圆周面与所述胎体组件的外圆周面贴合后，所述成型鼓(1，2)旋转中心压辊(240)和肩压辊(250)滚压所述胎面组件(7)与所述胎体组件的贴合处使得所述胎面组件(7)与所述胎体组件紧密贴合以形成胎胚。
  24. 如权利要求23所述的方法，其中，所述两个所述半鼓(110，220)轴向相对移动并嵌入配合以使所述胎面组件(7)的内圆周面与胎体组件的外圆周面贴合，所述复合装置辅助所述成型鼓(1，2)将所述胎面组件(7)与所述胎体组件滚压复合以形成胎胚，还包括：
    在所述肩压辊(250)滚压所述胎胚的胎肩后，抓手(260)周向固定所述胎胚，所述中鼓(11，22)径向收缩复位，所述成型鼓驱动箱对充气的所述胎体组件进行抽真空步序。
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